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Short-billed black cockatoo
Zanda latirostris

Short-billed black cockatoo

Content

Description

54 to 56 cm.. height and a weight between 520 and 790 g.
The Short-billed black cockatoo (Zanda latirostris) It is a large black cockatoo..

It has great bill black, crest erectile, white spot in the area ear and white panels on the tail. The female It is similar except patch area ear large and slightly yellowish white.
The immature Similar to adult female.
Closely related to Baudin's black cockatoo (Zanda baudinii). They were formerly treated as a single species.

Habitat:

Mainly inhabits in native forests eucalyptus and shrubland or heathland. Visit temporarily plantations exotic pines.
Sometimes you see them in cities or at the edges of roads. It is also a visible visitor to the gardens containing native plants with hard fruits around Perth.

Usually they see them in groups of three or in small flocks, but occasionally gather in large flocks composed of hundreds or, exceptionally, thousands of birds. Sometimes it is associated with Baudin's black cockatoo (Zanda baudinii) wave Red-tailed black cockatoo (Zanda Banksia) in places where food is plentiful.

The species is said to be Residents in areas of high rainfall They are retaining much native vegetation and are emigrants of the driest regions and places where most of the native vegetation has been removed.

Reproduction:

They do not breed until they are at least four years old..
Adult birds They mate for life, and stay together throughout the year.
Reproduction occurs mainly in the region Wheatbelt, northwest of the Stirling Range about Three Springs, but it has also recorded on the coastal plain in the South West, about Bunbury.
The reproductive activity It is limited to eucalyptus forests. They make their nests in large holes in the top of the eucalyptus.

The eggs They are white or cream, and they have no marks. Son incubated by female only, for a period of 28 to 29 days. The nestlings are fed by both parents, Although during the first 10 to 14 days after hatching they are fed exclusively by the female.

Adults return to the same breeding area each year.

Food:

It feeds mainly from seeds and occasionally nectar, fruit and insect larvae.

Distribution:

Size of the area of distribution (reproduction / resident): 196.000 km2

Endemic southwest Australia.

Conservation:

State of conservation ⓘ


Endangered Endangered (UICN)ⓘ

• Current category of the Red List of the UICN: In danger of extinction.

• Population trend: Decreasing.

On the basis of the distribution of birds during the breeding season, the total population of the Short-billed black cockatoo it has been estimated that is between the 11 000 and 60 000 birds, although there are those who affirm that its population could count on less than 10 000 birds.

The decline of this species It is mainly due to the loss and fragmentation of habitat. This has been caused by the clearing of native vegetation, mainly for agricultural purposes, Since the mid-20th century.

No specific information available on future changes in population size. But, the range of the species is thought to continue to contract for some time, which leads to a concomitant decrease in population size.

"Short-billed black cockatoo" in captivity:

A program captive breeding It was established in 1996 by the Department of Conservation and Land Management (CALM), in association with poultry farmers and licensed Zoo of Perth.
The genetic diversity of the captive population is enhanced by an 'abandoned' program’ that rehabilitates injured birds in the wild and then incorporates them into captive breeding.

Some eggs and chicks are caught illegally for sale in the markets of poultry. Although the demand for the species is said to have declined over the past decade, high market prices (approximately 3.000 dollars per bird and 5,000 $ couple) together with the scarce success of breeding captive birds, They suggest that Illegal take of this cockatoo will continue to be a continuing threat to the survival of this species..

scientific classification:

Order: Psittaciformes
Family: Cacatuidae
Genus: Zanda
Scientific name: Zanda latirostris
Citation: Carnaby, 1948
Protonimo: Zanda latirostris

Alternative names:

Slender-billed Black-Cockatoo, Carnaby’s Black Cockatoo, Mallee Cockatoo, Short-billed Black Cockatoo, Mallee Cockatoo, Short-billed Black Cockatoo, (English).
Cacatoès à rectrices blanches, Cacatoès de Carnaby (French).
Carnabys Weißohr-Rabenkakadu, Weißschwanz-Rußkakadu (German).
Cacatua-negra-de-bico-curto (Portuguese).
Cacatúa Fúnebre de Pico Corto, Cacatúa Fúnebre Piquicorta (español).

Images Black-billed Black Cockatoo:



Species of the genus Zanda
  • Zanda funerea
  • —- Zanda funeral funeral
  • —- Zanda funerea whiteae
  • —- Zanda funerary xanthanota
  • Zanda baudinii
  • Zanda latirostris

  • Sources:
    Avibase
    – Parrots of the World – Forshaw Joseph M
    – Parrots A Guide to the Parrots of the World – Tony Juniper & Mike Parr
    Birdlife

    Photos: Wikipedia, lostandcold (Flickr), Rabenkakadus – Wikipedia, Gnangarra…commons.wikimedia.org

    Sounds: Nigel Jackett

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    Philippine cockatoo
    Cacatua haematuropygia

    Cacatúa Filipina


    Content

    Description

    It measures 31 cm. and weighs around 300 g..
    To the Philippine cockatoo (Cacatua haematuropygia) It is called locally Katala.
    Its plumage is of a beautiful white color except for the feathers of the crest they are yellow or pink on its base and the bottom of the tail and wings they are yellow and Red.
    The bill is a grayish-white color, and males has irises dark brown, While the of the female are brown-red color.

    Habitat:

    Is restricted to lowland not more than 50 meters above the sea level, in or adjacent to rivers, and in coastal mangrove areas.

    outside the breeding season (March to June, and, times, from February to August), frequents corn and rice crops. This depends on the station where foods are grown and have the available resources, being partially nomadic.

    These birds can fly from their island to the adjacent if they are not more than a few 8 km. distance.

    Reproduction:

    breeding season between February and June. Of one to three eggs they are placed on a nest on a tree branch. The eggs are hatch for a few 28 days, and the chicks remain in the nest for nine to ten weeks after the hatching.

    Food:

    They feed on seeds, vegetables, fruits and berries.
    They are known to attack corn crops in agricultural areas.

    Distribution:

    Size of the area of distribution (reproduction / resident): 22.700 km2

    This cockatoo is endemic in Philippines, and the only representative of the cockatoos that we will find there; This has become a treasure of these islands.

    Conservation:

    State of conservation ⓘ


    critical hazard critically endangered (UICN)ⓘ

    • Current IUCN Red List category: Critical Hazard.

    • Population trend: Decreasing.

    • Population size: 370-770 mature individuals.

    In Palawan the capture of the cockatoos for the international illegal trade is particularly serious, something which is reflected in the high price of these birds ($ 160 Americans in Manila in 1997); to have been looted all the visible nests each time the price is higher because it costs more to catch them.

    The deforestation and the destruction of mangroves have been extensive in their range of occupancy and have contributed significantly to their decline.

    It is also hunted and hunted for consumption as food.
    The release of captive birds can introduce diseases into wild populations.

    Conservation Actions Proposed:

      • Conduct surveys on all range islands to assess species population size and distribution.
      • Monitor population trends.
      • Monitor rates of habitat loss and degradation.
      • Quantify catch levels, persecution and trade.
      • Designate more protected areas (for example Tawi-Tawi and towns in or near Palawan).
      • Support the proposal to expand the Puerto Princesa Subterranean River National Park.
      • Prevent destruction of mangroves.
      • Promote economically viable alternatives to avoid the capture of this cockatoo.
      • Continue with education programs and captive breeding programs.
      • Establish staff at airports and ferry terminals to control the departure of specimens.
      • Translocate animals to suitable areas such as lowland forests or mangroves..

    Loro Parque Foundation It has warned of the risk of extinction that runs the Philippine cockatoo by the construction of a power plant in Palawan, an island province of Philippines in the region of Western Visayas.

    This Spanish NGO has invested 1,3 millions of dollars and more than 14 years of work in the recovery project of this cockatoo, and fears that with the construction of this station, the less than 1.000 remaining specimens in the world could be electrocuted by high-voltage lines, In addition to being blocked their migration in search of food.

    See more in: (20minutes)

    "Philippine cockatoo" in captivity:

    Very rare in captivity, fortunately.

    Alternative names:

    Philippine Cockatoo, Philippine Islands Cockatoo, Red-vented cackatoo, Red-vented Cockatoo (ingles).
    Cacatoès des Philippines (French).
    Rotsteißkakadu (German).
    Catatua-filipina (Portuguese).
    Cacatúa Filipina, Cacatúa Malaya (español).

    scientific classification:

    Order: Psittaciformes
    Family: Cacatuidae
    Genus: Cockatoo
    Scientific name: Cacatua haematuropygia
    Citation: (Statius Müller, 1776)
    Protonimo: Psittacus haematuropygius

    Philippine Cockatoo Images:



    Species of the genus Cacatua

    Sources:

    Avibase, BirdLife.org

    – Photos: Kim Arveen homeland, © Benedict of Laender, Wikimedia.

    – Sounds: Frank Lambert (Xeno-canto)

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    Baudin's black cockatoo
    Zanda baudinii

    Baudin's black cockatoo

    Content

    Description

    50 to 57 cm.. height and weight between 560 and 770 g.
    to Baudin's black cockatoo (Zanda baudinii) is almost entirely of black, with whitish margins in the feathers, patches rounded on them ear-coverts (yellowish to white in the female and Brown to grey in the male), white rectangular panels in the tail.
    has a powerful bill (with greatly elongated upper jaw), Black in the male and white-gray color with a black color in the female tip.
    Iris dark brown surrounded by a eye ring Red in the male and female grey.
    Tail rounded, crest Erectile and legs greys. birds youth are like adults in appearance, but the bill of the male juvenile is equal to the of the of the female adult. The bill the juvenile male begins to darken after the second year.

    Habitat:

    Its natural habitat is the dense forests dominated by the Marris (Corymbia calophylla) in the extreme southwest of Australia.

    Gregaria, is often seen in groups of three, a pair of adults with a young, or in small groups. Occasionally they gather in large flocks of up to 300 birds during the non-breeding season, usually in places where food is abundant.

    Reproduction:

    Very little is known about the reproductive biology This cockatoo, such as their reproduction area, nesting events calendar, the nest tree, Characteristics of holes for nests, implementation size, incubation period, incipient and successful nesting period.

    Little is known about their reproductive cycle because nests are extremely difficult to locate.. Most of the characteristics of the biology of the species are inferred from the Short-billed black cockatoo.

    They show a strong union of couple and probably is pair of by life. They remain together throughout the year, except when the female is incubating eggs. Probably they begin to breed at the age of four. The species breeds in late winter and spring, from August to November or December. Copulation probably takes place three days before laying. The female lays one or two white eggs and you can lay an egg of replacement if the first since egg fails. The incubation lasts a few 29 days and only the female incubates them. The chicks remain in the nest for a maximum of 16 weeks.

    The nests are composed of a layer of wood chips, built in large hollow in the high eucalyptus, 30 to 40 cm. in diameter and more than 30 depth cm.

    Food:

    Are fed mainly from the seeds of MARRI and Karri. They are also fond of the rending of wood, Apart from pierce the bark of trunks in search of larvae. Apple trees and pear trees are frequently visited to enjoy its fruits.

    Distribution:

    Confined in the South-West of Western Australia, especially among Perth, Albany and Margaret River.

    Distribution Long-billed Black-billed Cockatoo

    Small captive populations in the Melbourne Zoo, in the Healesville sanctuary in Victoria, and in the Zoo of Perth. The species is bred in captivity with great difficulty.

    Conservation:

    State of conservation ⓘ


    Vulnerable Vulnerable (UICN)ⓘ

    In Australia is listed as Vulnerable by the law on protection and conservation of biodiversity for the environment.

    The total population of the species is estimated at 12.500 individuals, with one downward trend.
    Before the inclusion of the threatened species, the annual reproductive rate was of 0,6 per couple, too low to replace the large number of birds that were killed by horticulturists to protect their crops. It is now illegal to shoot these birds, However is it still done.

    In captivity:

    Appears in the Appendix II of CITES, what limited international trade in the species. It´s illegal capture These wild birds, a penalty of up to 10,000 $. This cockatoo is protected under the Wildlife Conservation Act of Australia.

    Alternative names:

    Baudin’s Black Cockatoo, Long-billed Black Cockatoo, White tailed Black Cockatoo (English).
    Cacatoès de Baudin (French).
    Langschnabel-Rußkakadu, Weißohr-Rabenkakadu (German).
    Cacatua-negra-de-bico-longo (Portuguese).
    Cacatúa Fúnebre de Pico Largo, Cacatúa Fúnebre Piquilarga (español).

    scientific classification:

    Order: Psittaciformes
    Family: Cacatuidae
    Scientific name: Zanda baudinii
    Genus: Zanda
    Citation: Lear, 1832
    Protonimo: Zanda Baudinii

    Images:



    Species of the genus Zanda
  • Zanda funerea
  • —- Zanda funeral funeral
  • —- Zanda funerea whiteae
  • —- Zanda funerary xanthanota
  • Zanda baudinii
  • Zanda latirostris

  • Sources:
    Avibase, Australian Government
    Photos: Long-billed Black-cockatoo, Taronga Zoo, Sydney, Wikipedia, Goura (zoochat.com),
    Sounds: Chris Benesh (controles-canto.org)

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    Cockatiel
    Nymphicus hollandicus


    Cacatúa Ninfa

    Content

    Description

    25-33 cm.. length and a weight between 80 and 100 grams approximately.
    This small cockatoo is no doubt an of the bird's cage more common in the world.
    The Cockatiel (Nymphicus hollandicus) adult has the head and the basis of the crest yellow.
    Stain handset is orange, paler on the back.
    The neck and the long crest feathers are grey.
    The upperparts are of color grey Pearl dark.
    The wings are grey, but exhibit a white color in the covered and sides.
    The underparts are a grey clear.
    The tail varies from medium gray to dark gray, the base of the tail is paler.
    The bill is grey, the irises dark brown.
    The legs are grey-brown.

    The female presents the stain handset duller, the tuft is less developed, In addition instead of the yellow, the head presents a yellowish grey with yellow dirty envelope the forecrown and a vaguely colorless gray general staining and staining is generally less intense.
    The immature are much similar to the females, but have the tail shorter.

    We find Pearl specimens in captivity, White, Gray and lutinos.

    Habitat:

    Video – "Cockatiel" (Nymphicus hollandicus)

    Funny Parrot (Nymphicus Hollandicus)

    The cockatoo Nymph they live in a wide variety of habitats, including open forests, small acacia forests that line the rivers and even stretches of Spinifex (Triodia) they are perennial and grow in semi-arid regions.

    Also found in farmland, in the stubble and the orchards, as well as on the plains and along the roads.

    In dry areas are observed in pairs or in groups of up to 100 individuals.

    When feed, the groups contain an average of 27 Member. But, We have already seen demonstrations of almost 1.000 birds near landfills containing vegetable remainders of the rice milling.

    Near the points of water, the cockatoo Nymph are often associated with the Budgerigar (Melopsittacus undulatus).

    Estas Cockatoos eat twice a day: In the morning, shortly after the Sun, consuming around 2,72 grams of plant material. At night, about an hour and a half before the night, eating around a mass of 4,25 g., It is almost 7 grams for the whole day.

    Son great travellers.
    Outside of the nesting season, they form large gatherings around the planting of cereals.
    As they feed on seeds, these birds need water and in times of drought, sometimes bands come to the coast.

    All these movements are quite unpredictable, since they are related to the weather conditions and the State of the food resources. But, in the South of the continent, migrations are more regular: the birds come to nest during the austral spring and usually go away early in the new year.

    Son gregarious and very social, so they need a wide repertoire of calls to communicate or express their feelings. They have a great power to imitate other birds.

    Reproduction:

    In the North, the reproduction is carried out between April and July, While in the South occurs in general from August to December.
    The nest is located in a tree hollow whose bottom is padded with sawdust shavings. Most of the time, the nesting site is placed near a source of water in which poultry cooled daily.

    The spawning has between 3 and 7 eggs they are incubated alternately by both parents for a few 20 days. 4 eggs are a normal litter. There will be several broods during the season. At birth, the chicks have a thick down comforter yellow. They receive their food mainly in the morning and in the evening.

    Chicks they leave the nest after 3 to 4 weeks, but they remain within the family group, Depending on their parents for 1 month. After this time, they join large flocks that roam in search of food.

    Food:

    Consume a wide variety of small seeds He collected soil, including the cultivated fields of sorghum and sunflower. When they are abundant, local seed varieties are generally preferred to the seeds that come from crops.

    Distribution:

    Distribucion Nymphicus hollandicus
    Endemic to Australia. Its range covers a vast majority of the continent, except wet coastal areas. Also absent from the Cape York Peninsula, districts located more to the South in winter and areas located more to the North in the summer.

    After heavy rainfall, large meetings can be set up in the center of the country where they are, usually, absent.

    Conservation:

    State of conservation ⓘ


    minor concern Minor Concern ⓘ (UICN)ⓘ

    – Current IUCN Red List category: Least concern.

    – The population trend: Stable

    This bird is very common and extended throughout the area. Probably its population grows, It has benefited from the facilities and artificial reservoirs for the development of agriculture.

    Its population It is estimated in around a million of birds. The birds that sought to be introduced in the United States they have failed in their attempts to establish themselves in the wild.

    In Australia, these small cockatoos are often persecuted for considering them pests for agriculture.

    "Cockatiel" in captivity:

    The Nymphs or Carolinas they are highly prized birds as pets by its docile nature and for being less demanding than the larger parrots. The nymphs they are perfectly suited to life in the home, they are easy to care for and if you homeschool them from small become companions adorable and very affectionate.

    They generally live in pairs or in colonies, that is why it is very common to mate them, to be able to enjoy the birth of the offspring and their development.

    They usually enjoy sharing their time with people and rather stick to their owners, Each bird has its personality, so you don't like all that take them into your hands. Males can sing and learn to mimic a few words, but they are much better to imitating sounds, as melodies, sirens or other birds singing. Females vocalize much less but tend to also be more caring.

    The nymphs are birds Smart, of friendly character and practically does not present problems of behaviour. They are easily adapted to family life and learn to interact and communicate with people who love. If you've decided to adopt one of these cute birds, make sure you dedicate time to your training to get to have a great pet. This will help you create a strong emotional bond between you and you will also keep it entertaining, mentally active, healthy and happy.

    Alternative names:

    Cockatiel, Cockatoo Parrot, Crested Parrot, Quarrion, Weero (ingles).
    Calopsitte élégante, Perruche calopsitte (French).
    Nymphensittich (German).
    Cocatiel (Portuguese).
    Cacatúa Ninfa, Carolina, Ninfa (español).

    scientific classification:

    Order: Psittaciformes
    Family: Cacatuidae
    Scientific name: Nymphicus hollandicus
    Genus: Nymphicus
    Citation: (Kerr, 1792)
    Protonimo: Psittacus hollandicus

    Images Cockatoo Nymph:



    Sources:
    Avibase, elblogdemaskota
    Photos: commons.wikimedia.org, huffingtonpost.com, optusnet.com.au, cockateil.NET, galleryhip.com
    Sounds: Marc Anderson (Xeno-canto)

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    Red-tailed black cockatoo
    Calyptorhynchus banksii

    Red-tailed black cockatoo

    Content

    Description

    55 to 60 cm.. length between 570 and 870 weight g.

    The adults of the Red-tailed black cockatoo (Calyptorhynchus banksii) present sexual dimorphism. The male is entirely black, with the exception of the sides of the tail that are of color red glossy. The upper part of the head It is a long Ridge which starts from the front and goes up to the nape. The bill is grey dark.

    The females they are slightly smaller. Show a plumage blackish brown with yellow-orange stripes on the tail and the chest. The cheeks and wings they are covered with small yellow spots. The bill is of color bone pale. Lower parts to the tail coverts they are finely excluded in beige.

    The youth are similar to the females until they reach the maturity sexual, around the 4 years. Gradually, as they approach this age, YM will acquire their feathers red which gradually replaced their initial feathers in yellow.

    Description 5 subspecies

    They differ from each other mainly by the size of their beak.

    • Calyptorhynchus banksii banksii

      (Latham, 1790) – Nominal. Grand. Bill dark grey.


    • Calyptorhynchus banksii graptogyne

      (Schodde, Saunders,DA & Homberger, 1989) – It is the smaller of the 5 Subspecies.


    • Calyptorhynchus banksii macrorhynchus

      (Gould, 1843) – Large as it nominal.


    • Calyptorhynchus banksii naso

      (Gould, 1837) – They have wings that seem to be more long and pointy.


    • Calyptorhynchus banksii samueli

      (Mathews, 1917) – Have a size and bill smaller.

    Habitat:

    Wide variety of habitats. Grasslands and scrub, from the dense rainforests to the forests of acacia and eucalyptus.
    Nestbox, These birds are generally dependent on the old eucalyptus, although according to which regions regions, the variety of trees for nesting, could be different.

    To feed, flocks of these cockatoos, they penetrate in agricultural lands and orchards, becoming a real plague.
    In all parts of the Australian mainland, have been observed seasonal movements.
    In the North, most cockatoos flee from high humidity areas during the rainy season.
    In other parts of the continent, We are seeing movements directly related to food.
    In South Australia, the movements are carried out in the South-North direction and are not necessarily linked to the stations.

    Reproduction:

    It nests in the hollow of the following trees: MARRI, Jarrah, Wandoo, Karri and Bullich. Eggs are laid on the bottom of a hollow log, up dry branches, between March and December. The cavity can have a depth of one to two meters. The diameter of the entry may vary from 25 to 50 centimeters.

    The laying is of an only egg (In rare cases two). The incubation runs by features of the female and lasts between 29 and 31 days.
    At birth the chicks are covered by a little and yellow plumage. Most of the time, the second calf is abandoned and eventually dies from lack of food. The surviving offspring is fed by both parents..

    Food:

    It feeds mainly from seeds, in particular those of Eucalyptus Marri (E. calophylla). Chew small branches, grabs clusters with its legs and “chews” them to extract the seeds. Strip the remains to the soil, at the foot of the tree. It is a great vegetarian, also eats berries, fruit, some insects and larvae. Occasionally it feeds on plants or varieties introduced as the radish wild, turnips or melons.

    Distribution:

    Size of the area of distribution (reproduction / resident): 8.680.000 km2

    endemic to Australia, where in drier areas.
    They are especially prevalent in the northern part of the country. In the South, they are less abundant and more dispersed.

    The WPT (World Parrot Trust) contributed funds to a project in the South of Australia for help to save to these birds.

    Distribution 5 subspecies

    They differ from each other mainly by the size of their beak.

    Conservation:

    State of conservation ⓘ


    minor concern Minor Concern ⓘ (UICN)ⓘ

    • Current category of the Red List of the UICN: Least concern.

    • Population trend: Decreasing.

    In the past it was common, but now it has become rare, It is distributed unevenly in areas that have been significantly reduced.
    The decrease is caused by the deforestation, the competition for the nesting with species native and exotic, as well as the fires.

    It is believed that the world's population exceeds the 100.000 individuals.
    the subspecies graptogyne was estimated to be in less of 1.000 individuals in 1989.
    Only the subspecies of the Southwest, Calyptorhynchus banksii naso, is listed as "Vulnerable".

    The subspecies Calyptorhynchus banksii banksii is not classified as threatened in all regions.

    "Red-tailed black cockatoo" in captivity:

    Excellent with a very devoted owner. It can be quite noisy. It has a moderate ability to imitate human sound.
    There has been an increase in captive birds in Australia. It is very rare as bird cage.
    They can live in 50 to 100 years in captivity. The variety Calyptorhynchus banksii naso, of 25 to 50 years.

    Alternative names:

    Red-tailed Black-Cockatoo, Banksian Cockatoo, Banks’s Black Cockatoo, Black Cockatoo (English).
    Cacatoès banksien, Cacatoès de Banks (French).
    Rabenkakadu (German).
    Cacatua-negra-de-cauda-vermelha (Portuguese).
    Cacatúa Colirroja, Cacatúa Fúnebre de Cola Roja (español).

    John Latham
    John Latham

    scientific classification:


    Order: Psittaciformes
    Family: Cacatuidae
    Genus: Calyptorhynchus
    Scientific name: Calyptorhynchus banksii
    Citation: (Latham, 1790)
    Protonimo: Psittacus Banksii


    Images Red-tailed Cockatoo:



    Species of the genus Calyptorhynchus
  • Calyptorhynchus banksii
  • —- Calyptorhynchus banksii banksii
  • —- Calyptorhynchus banksii graptogyne
  • —- Calyptorhynchus banksii macrorhynchus
  • —- Calyptorhynchus banksii naso
  • —- Calyptorhynchus banksii samueli
  • Calyptorhynchus lathami
  • —- Calyptorhynchus lathami erebus
  • —- Calyptorhynchus lathami halmaturinus
  • —- Calyptorhynchus lathami lathami

  • Sources:

    Avibase
    – Parrots of the World – Forshaw Joseph M
    – Parrots A Guide to the Parrots of the World – Tony Juniper & Mike Parr
    Birdlife

    – Photos: Laslovarga (commons.wikimedia.org), Wikipedia, Scarlet23 (Wikipedia), Uploaded by Casliber (Wikipedia), Uploaded by Peter Campbell (Wikipedia)

    – Sounds: Nigel Jackett

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    Glossy black cockatoo
    Calyptorhynchus lathami


    Glossy black cockatoo

    Content

    Description

    46 to 51 cm.. height and between 400 and 500 g. of weight.
    The Glossy black cockatoo (Calyptorhynchus lathami) is the smallest of the 5 black cockatoos and is restricted to the East coast of Australia (a population isolated also is reproduced in the Islands Kangaroo).
    The male is brown-black color with a small crest rounded and bright Scarlet spots in the tail. The female shows spots irregular in color yellow in it head, The Scarlet patches in the tail they are permeated by narrow black bars and edges of pale yellow on the underparts of the wings.
    The immature they are similar to the females, but they lack the yellow markings on the head and show different yellowish tones in the feathers, the chest and in the belly.

    Subspecies description

    • Calyptorhynchus lathami lathami

      (Temminck, 1807) – The nominal.


    • Calyptorhynchus lathami halmaturinus

      (Mathews, 1912) – Medium-size ones 48 cm. length and 510 to 515 weight g, with a wing of approximately 90 cm.. The of adults they are mainly black, dark brown in the head, the neck and the bottom of the body, and Red panels (in males) or orange-red with bars Black (in females) on tail. The female adult is also conspicuous in the head. These patches are absent from most males., Although they can be expressed faintly in a few individuals (Higgins 1999).

      The immature are similar in appearance to the male adult, but have small stains yellow in it head; spots or bars yellow in the chest, belly and flanks; yellow or orange spots on the wing (mainly on the bottom); Red or orange-yellow panels with black bars at the tail; One bill pale grey (instead of dark); And a ring of skin around the eye pale grey (instead of grey dark) (Higgins 1999, L. Pedler 2007, com. Pers.).


    • Calyptorhynchus lathami erebus

      (Schodde & Mason,IJ, 1993) – The only difference with the nominal species resides in that has the bill shorter.

    Habitat:

    Video – "Glossy black cockatoo" (Calyptorhynchus lathami)

    Glossy-black Cockatoo (Calyptorhynchus lathami ) HD Video clip 1/3

    Areas forested frequently dominated by casuarinas of which are highly dependent for its food. These are small shrubs commonly known as the Sheoaks, wood for beef (Beefwood) or Australian pine. These shrubs are widespread in tropical and subtropical regions.

    They are also distributed in open humid forests, difficult terrain where deforestation has not been too great. They have an imperative for natural tree cavities to nest.

    Reproduction:

    Forman couple during all the life. The couple has relationships throughout the year. This type of family of them parrots prefers to nest in cavities natural of the eucalyptus, whether dead or in full vitality. The nest usually placed at an altitude that ranges between the 3 and 30 meters above the ground. The cavity is filled with leaves and branches. Sometimes, together with other breeding pairs, they share the same tree year after year.

    In New South Wales the season extends from March to August. The spawning It consists of a single egg white. It is the female that takes charge of most of the tasks.: It prepares the nest and incubates herself. Never leave the nest until the small is reached the age of one week. In most cases, the male provides the female with food and assistance until the young can fend for itself, normally four months which remains with them until the next breeding season.

    Food:

    It feeds almost exclusively on the seeds several species of She-oak (Casuarina and Allocasuarina). You can also sometimes eat larvae of wood-boring. They feed in threes, less frequently in pairs, small groups or flocks of up to 60 birds. They can be detected by the snapping of their beaks and the remains of the casuarina cones and twigs that fall.

    Distribution:

    Size distribution (reproduction / resident): 770.000 km2

    The species is Rare Although widespread in suitable forests of the central coast and forest habitats of Queensland and in the interior of the southern plateaus and Plains of the Midwest's New South Wales, with a small population in the Riverina. There is an isolated population in the Kangaroo Island, South of Australia.

    Subspecies distribution

    • Calyptorhynchus lathami lathami

      (Temminck, 1807) – The nominal.


    • Calyptorhynchus lathami halmaturinus

      (Mathews, 1912) – Kangaroo Island (South of Australia)


    • Calyptorhynchus lathami erebus

      (Schodde & Mason,IJ, 1993) – It is from Australia (the central eastern coastal area of Queensland)

    Conservation:

    State of conservation ⓘ


    minor concern Minor Concern ⓘ (UICN)ⓘ

    • Current category of the Red List of the UICN: Least concern.

    • Population trend: Decreasing.

    Like most parrot species, the Glossy black cockatoo is protected by the Convention on international trade in endangered species of Fauna and Flora Silvestres ( CITES ), with its inclusion in the list of the Appendix II of vulnerable species, What makes the import, the export and trade of animals captured in the wild is illegal.

    Justification of the population

    Garnett and Crowley (2000) estimated the size of the population in the following way: 12.000 individuals of the subspecies lathami, 70 breeding pairs of the subspecies halmaturinus (equivalent to 140 individuals) and 5.000 individuals of the subspecies erebus giving a total of 17.140 individuals.

    Justification of trend

    They suspected that the population is declining in general Since the largest subpopulation, lathami, It is slowly decreasing throughout its range. However it is believed that the subspecies Erebus is increasing and the subspecies halmaturinus It is increasing as a result of conservation efforts in the Island Ganguro (Garnett and Crowley 2000).

    "Glossy black cockatoo" in captivity:

    Like the other black cockatoos, the Glossy black cockatoo (Calyptorhynchus lathami) is extremely rare in the poultry. In Australia It has attained breed in captivity.

    Alternative names:

    Glossy Black-Cockatoo, Casuarina Cockatoo, Casuarine Cockatoo, Latham’s Cockatoo, Leach’s Black-Cockatoo, Leach’s Red-tailed Cockatoo, Nutcracker (English).
    Cacatoès de Latham, Cacatoès noir étincelant (French).
    Braunkopfkakadu (German).
    Cacatua-preto-brilhante (Portuguese).

    scientific classification:

    Order: Psittaciformes
    Family: Cacatuidae
    Scientific name: Calyptorhynchus lathami
    Genus: Calyptorhynchus
    Citation: (Temminck, 1807)
    Protonimo: Psittacus Lathami

    Images Calyptorhynchus lathami:



    Species of the genus Calyptorhynchus
  • Calyptorhynchus banksii
  • —- Calyptorhynchus banksii banksii
  • —- Calyptorhynchus banksii graptogyne
  • —- Calyptorhynchus banksii macrorhynchus
  • —- Calyptorhynchus banksii naso
  • —- Calyptorhynchus banksii samueli
  • Calyptorhynchus lathami
  • —- Calyptorhynchus lathami erebus
  • —- Calyptorhynchus lathami halmaturinus
  • —- Calyptorhynchus lathami lathami

  • Sources:
    Avibase
    – Parrots of the World – Forshaw Joseph M
    – Parrots A Guide to the Parrots of the World – Tony Juniper & Mike Parr
    – Birdlife

    Photos: commons.wikimedia.org, The Glossy Black Conservancy,

    Sounds: Nigel Jackett (Xeno-canto)

    ▷ The world of Pets: Dogs, cats, birds, reptiles, amphibians

    Gang-gang cockatoo
    Callocephalon fimbriatum


    Gang-gang cockatoo

    Content

    Description

    Of approximately 35 cm.. height and an average weight of 257 g.
    The Gang-gang cockatoo (Callocephalon fimbriatum) it's a little cockatoo, robust, with one crest Dim, large wings wide, and tail short. Son gregarious but relatively calm.
    The males of the Gang-gang cockatoo they are immediately recognizable by their head and crest scarlet. The remaining plumage is slate grey.
    The females they have the head and crest grey. The feathers of the part inferior of the body are lined with green Orange and yellow, giving a scaly appearance. The tail also has stripes horizontal white. Otherwise, is identical to the male.

    The juveniles they are similar to the females, they differ in their top, the head Red and one crest shorter and less twisted.
    The Gang-gang cockatoo not can confuse it with other species of parrots. In flight, However, sometimes their shape resembles to the cacatúa Galah.

    Habitat:

    Video – "Gang-gang cockatoo" (Callocephalon fimbriatum)

    Gang- gang Cockatoo (Callocephalon fimbriatum)

    During the summer are found in the forests of mountain and areas with understory of shrubs dense. In Winter they will move to more dry and low altitudes, more open forests. They can often be seen along the roads and in parks and gardens in urban areas. They require high hollow trees for nest.

    Reproduction:

    Forman couples monogamous. The female chooses a hole in the right tree and both sexes prepare the nest for egg-laying. They line the sides of the hole with sawdust and chewing dust. Both sexes incubate the eggs and care for the young. Parents feed their young for four to six weeks after hatching. Feather.

    Family groups are commonly seen feeding together during the breeding season.. In some cases, nurseries will be formed’ where have several couples nested together, their young perch together in the same tree, While their parents seek for food.

    Food:

    With feed mainly seeds trees and shrubs, native and introduced, with a preference for the eucalyptus, beards and thorns. They also eat berries, fruit, dried fruits, insects and their larvae.

    They are mainly arboreal, they perch on the ground only to drink and forage among the fallen fruits or cones.

    They feed in flocks of up 60 birds out of breeding season. Feed in pairs or small family groups during the breeding season.

    They are able to use exotic plants as food in the urban areas.

    Distribution:

    Size distribution (reproduction / resident): 333.000 km2

    They are endemic to the South-East of Australia. They are widespread in the East of New South Wales, from the Central slopes and plateaus to the South Coast, along the northeastern regions of Victoria to Seymour, with some records in the East of Melbourne, mornington peninsula and Southwest Gippsland.
    Have also been introduced in the Kangaroo Island to the South of Australia.

    Conservation:

    State of conservation ⓘ


    minor concern Minor Concern ⓘ (UICN)ⓘ

    • Current category of the Red List of the UICN: Least concern.

    • Population trend: In increased.

    Is come affected negatively by deforestation and the removal of mature trees (potential breeding sites). A population is classified as threatened: in the Valley Cove Lane, New South Wales.

    The the rest of the population It is suspected that it may be increasing and now will spend the winter in the suburbs of Canberra.

    The world population are estimated at more of 20,000 individuals.

    "Gang-gang cockatoo" in captivity:

    It´s very rare in poultry and hard to find as a pet.

    Son Smart and playful, but they have a great tendency to suffer from software. They are very destructive for what need of abundant toys to not attack against the furniture of the House.

    When you get bored, they are often automutilan as a way to fight against boredom.

    Its life expectancy You can overcome the 60 years.

    Alternative names:

    Gang-gang Cockatoo, Cockatoo Corella, Helmeted Cockatoo, Red-crowned Cockatoo, Red-headed Parrot (English).
    Cacatoès à tête rouge, Cacatoès gang-gang (French).
    Helmkakadu, Helm-Kakadu (German).
    Cacatua-gang-gang (Portuguese).
    Cacatúa Gang Gang, Cacatúa Gang-gang (español).

    scientific classification:

    Order: Psittaciformes
    Family: Cacatuidae
    Scientific name: Callocephalon fimbriatum
    Genus: Callocephalon
    Citation: (Grant,JB, 1803)
    Protonimo: Psittacus fimbriatus

    Images Gang-gang Cockatoo:



    Sources:
    Avibase
    infoexoticos
    – Birdlife

    – Photos: Jan Wegener, Marbiz (Panoramio), papouch.webzdarma.cz, Benjamint444 (commons.wikimedia.org)

    – Sounds: (Xeno-canto)

    ▷ The world of Pets: Dogs, cats, birds, reptiles, amphibians

    Galah
    Eolophus roseicapilla


    Cacatúa Galah

    Content

    Description

    Measured around 35 centimeters and between 240 and 330 g. weight.
    In the Galah (Eolophus roseicapilla) adult, the front, the hoopoe and the cap they form a joint undercover pale pink in white which contrasts slightly with the back of the neck darker. The face, neck and underparts they are deep pink.
    The bottom of the flanks, the the thighs and mantas subcaudales are grey clear. The upperparts They show a grey pigeon which is slightly paler on the rump and in their flow rates. Tertiary they are grey and dark grey and medium the flight feather.
    The upper part of the tail It is pale grey with a darker terminal tips. The bottom of the tail is uniformly Brown.

    The bill is horn. The bare periophthalmic is greyish Red. The irises shows a dark brown hue. The legs are grey.

    The female is similar to fellow, outside of the irises red.

    The youth can distinguish is from the adults by their underparts grey infiltrated.

    Subspecies description

    • Eolophus roseicapilla roseicapilla:

      The species nominal


    • Eolophus roseicapilla albiceps:

      Differs from the nominal by their larger size, the crest whitish instead of pink, and eye ring Red instead of greyish white.


    • Eolophus roseicapilla kuhli:

      It has a plumage paler and a crest shorter.

    Habitat:

    Video – "Galah" (Eolophus roseicapilla)

    Ave wants to do everything her human mom does I Soul Mates | the dodo

    In the North of its distribution area, the Galah frequent mountain forests, While much further South, most tend to live in the temperate forests of the lowlands.
    During the summer season, It is more common in high altitude forested areas., staying mainly in small cool and shady ravines, always near a river.

    In Winter, He moved to arid forests in more moderate altitudes. At this time of the year, also visit the parks and urban gardens.

    The Galah It is a bird of open areas, always avoiding the dense forests.

    During the nesting season they live in pairs or in small family groups, but the rest of the year, gather in large flocks where food resources are important. Sometimes can gather up to 1.000 birds in the pastures where they feed.

    They are sentinels responsible to give the alarm in case of danger.
    The power stations are separated by many miles of the rest areas.
    In the evening devoted to drinking and perform aerial stunts before joining the residence. Occasionally it can be active and noisy at night.

    Reproduction:

    In the North, the reproduction has place between February and June.

    During the courtship, the male Struts before his partner making bows, shaking his head, producing low notes and showing a repertoire of stunts.

    Most of the time, the nest is a natural cavity in a eucalyptus, between 2 and 20 meters above the ground.
    The cacatúa Galah You strum the bark of the trunk around the hole which is the entrance of the nest. This practice is sometimes so excessive that they cause the death of the tree. Cliffs can also be used as a place of nesting.

    The same couples usually are mate during all their life and are loyal to the same nesting sites for several consecutive years.

    The spawning includes 2-6 eggs. The female lays an egg every one or two days and the incubation period is about 25 days. Both parents incubate at the same time, and they provide assistance to young people. They feed their young every 3 hours, sounding his beak to regurgitate the food. The young remain in the nest during 7 u 8 weeks.

    While they are able to fly quickly when they come out of the nest, their survival rate is small. The first days after the flight, they return to the nest for the night. Shortly after, large nurseries are formed in which the parents continue to feed their young.

    From time to time, the Galah It has a second litter in a season.

    Food:

    Consume a wide variety of plants, such as oats or wheat seed or the other many herbaceous plants. In addition to that, They also eat insects and their larvae, berries, outbreaks, flowers and seeds of eucalyptus.

    They feed almost exclusively on Earth.

    Distribution:

    Size distribution (reproduction / resident): 14400000 km2

    endemic to Australia where it occupies the entire continent. Most of its population lives in the south-east of New Welsh of the South and in the State of Victoria. In other places, is less abundant.

    Subspecies distribution:

    • Eolophus roseicapilla roseicapilla:

      (Western Australia, South of the great desert of sand and probably in the Simpson Desert in the southern part of the territory of the North)


    • Eolophus roseicapilla albiceps:

      (Tasmania and Southeast of Australia, heading north to the 20 degrees latitude South and East)


    • Eolophus roseicapilla kuhli:

      (to the North of the of Australia, from the District of Kimberley to the cape york peninsula)

    Conservation:

    State of conservation ⓘ


    minor concern Minor Concern ⓘ (UICN)ⓘ

    • Current category of the Red List of the UICN: Least concern.

    • Population trend: In increased.

    Although it has a beneficial action stopping the spread of some weeds, the Galah have a considerable potential of destruction and is considered a pest in most of Australia.

    Crops, especially cereals, they suffer great losses each year. They often cause the destruction of the trees where they nest or establish their residences. The world population It is estimated in more than 5 millions of individuals and the number is constantly growing.

    This remarkable species not is protected in all the regions and can be killed if it causes too much agricultural loss.

    "Galah" in captivity:

    It´s very common in poultry around the world, for being one of the easiest cockatoos both to raise and to care for and for being highly demanded as a pet both for its physical appearance and for its more manageable character than that of other cockatoos. Her offspring should take into account the different subspecies, Therefore we will avoid possible hybridization between them.

    Son parrots extroverts, friendly, playful and affectionate. However, they are still cacatuidos, They therefore require more attention than other psittacine species to be happy animals. Its speaking ability is fairly high within the group of cockatoos, with males that better mimic. It is considered that it might also noisy, especially if you are bored or if it has been poorly educated or poorly maid, so you will have to always buy weaned and well socialized specimens. When they are young and still take porridge his voice is very unpleasant.

    They possess a behavior that is similar to the of the small Cockatiel. Males are more talkers and possess a strong character. The females., on the other hand, they are silent and less dominant. They are most appropriate, Therefore, to be adopted as pets.

    The males they may become aggressive in mating season.

    They have a high tendency to obesity, thing very significantly decreases their hope and quality of life, by what control seriously its diet, providing low number of fats and allowing to do much exercise.

    Its life expectancy formerly was around the 15-18 years, probably due to a bad diet popular ignorance of your requirements. Today there is talk of animals up to 40 years of life.

    If we opt for a cockatoo for the home, a pink may be the best alternative: less demanding than her sisters, slightly less noisy and, If we chose a female, We have the gentleness and docility secured.

    Its price market round the 1.000 €.

    Alternative names:

    Galah, Rose Cockatoo, Roseate Cockatoo, Rose-breasted Cockatoo, Willock (ingles).
    Cacatoès rosalbin, Galah (French).
    Rosakakadu (German).
    Cacatua-galah (Portuguese).
    Cacatúa Galah, Cacatúa Rosa (español).

    scientific classification:

    Order: Psittaciformes
    Family: Cacatuidae
    Scientific name: Eolophus roseicapilla
    Genus: Eolophus
    Citation: (Vieillot, 1817)
    Protonimo: cockatoo roseicapilla

    Images Galah Cockatoo:



    Sources:
    Avibase
    Oiseaux
    – kktwas
    faunatura

    Photos: de.wikipedia.org , commons.wikimedia.org, David Cook Wildlife Photography (kookr), Richard.fisher

    Sounds: nick talbot (Xeno-canto)