The American Mastiff He was raised to be a family dog, his character and temperament attest to this...
Content
History
The American Mastiff It is a molossoid-type dog breed that was developed over many years of selective breeding by Fredericka Wagner of โFlying W Farmsโ (Kennel dedicated to the race), in Piketon, Ohio, ago 20 or 25 years (the truth is that I've burned the tabs looking for the exact date... and I haven't found it).
The objective was to develop a dog that had the size, temperament, the provision, and the appearance of the Mastiff breed, but with fewer health problems and not losing as much saliva as the other varieties of Mastiff dog, and that life expectancy was greater.
The Andalusian Hound Maneto It is a dog of a single master, with this he will be very affectionate, but not sticky…
Content
History
The Andalusian Hound Maneto It is an autochthonous breed from the south of Andalusia., of the Provinces of Cรกdiz and part of the border towns of the Province of Mรกlaga with Cรกdiz, Although their highest concentration is found in the Campo de Gibraltar.
One of their ancestors is the Andalusian Hound, has medium-sized, possibly due to a genetic mutation known as basetismo or dwarfism, what gives the so characteristic shape to this breed.
As it is the case in almost all breeds of dog native Spanish, Andalusian Hound Maneto It is the name with which is popularly called by hunters and people who do know in the provinces of Cadiz and Malaga, places where this variety of the Andalusian Hound.
The Andalusian Hound Maneto it is a small-bodied dog, short legs, long and very compact, the members are short in relation to body length. Is strong structure, muscular and compact.
Videos "Andalusian Hound Maneto"
The coat is short and smooth, bright and compact, covers the entire body equally and presents the same length in all body regions. They can be Tan, that goes from the clear range to the darker, as in gradient. Or white and cinnamon.
Its height to the cross is between 30 and 35 cm. (both males and females). Y, the weight, is of 9 to 11 Kg.
The dog Andalusian Hound Maneto because of its morphological structure, It has been used exclusively in the game, in special, the rabbit. It is specially adapted to the mount under Mediterranean with Bramble patches, streams and tight gorges.
One of its characteristics in hunting, is perseverance and willingness to, his body help, post that allows you to have access to complicated terrain of low and thick shrubs, area to which other native dogs of Andalusia, they couldn't even get in... For that reason, Historically, It has been used for the hunting of rabbits.
It is also very good bird Hunter, as Partridge and quail, as, as well, to collect the ducks in the water, It is a great collector in all areas of tight mount, the Aeneas and shrubs, in the water.
Character and skills
The Andalusian Hound Maneto It is a dog of a single master, with this it will be very affectionate and sought his affection and attention but not empalagar, and also- is very independent.
He is a confident dog., Moody, with a highly developed sense of โpossessionโ What makes it to be highly territorial with other dogs, from very early ages.
It will be necessary to know Maneto very well and develop a strong bond of trust in order to assess his intelligence and bravery., both in hunting work and at home and in its role as a companion dog.
You would love to live in a home (will be adapted without problems), but you will always want to take a country walk to be able to show off their hunting instinct.
The Majorero dog (or Bardino Majorero) is a Spanish breed of dog, originally from the island of Fuerteventura in the Canary Islands, where he is referred to in popular form as Dog Bardino. Currently, It is a race dog is in danger of extinction. Traditionally, It has been used as a cattle dog and especially as a watchdog.
The first cattle dogs arrived in Fuerteventura with the conquerors of Spain, along with cattle beef, sheep and horse year 1404. Various historical references attest to this origin. Cattle dogs, Dam dogs, perdigueros dogs, the podencos, and other races, they were introduced in the Canary Islands as they were conquered and colonized by Spain.
Since the early days of colonization, in the agreements of the Cabildos of Betancuria (Fuerteventura) and Tenerife is repeatedly referred to "cattle dogs", to the "dogs of prey", to the "retrievers", and "hunting dogs".
In 1979, held in Gran Tarajal, in the municipality of Tuineje, the first monograph of the race bringing together farmers, experts and judges, being the beginning of the process for the recognition of the breed by the Royal Canine society of Spain, Thanks to the work of recovery and dissemination of the race by the protective society of Bardino (S.P.B.) Fuerteventura Island.
But, is not to the 14 in April of 1994 When the Royal Canine society of Spain recognized finally to the ยซAsociaciรณn Canaria Protectora del Perro Majorero Totoยป. Is this recognition and to the first five years of the new century, When the majorera race enters a deep decline in the island, that he takes it to the brink of extinction. There was no specific breeding and selection plan that would change the fate of the Perro Bardino Majorero. Existing speculation had also diminished racial quality..
Currently has founded the ยซAsociaciรณn para la Conservaciรณn del Perro Majoreroยป (ACPM), He was born as an initiative from the hands of several breeders, owners and enthusiasts, with the aim of safeguarding and promoting the survival of Perro Bardino Majorero.
Video "Majorero"
Some of its objectives, How to get started to cement the hobby by this breed of dog in the island of Fuerteventura, they are getting.
The Majorero Cattle Dog, as we know it today, was the result of the crossing of dogs brought by the Spanish conquistadors, with tenants.
These dogs, for almost six hundred years have been essential partners of farmers and peasants majoreros. As a company, guardians of houses, farm and livestock.
Otros nombres:Majorero / Bardino Majorero
Physical characteristics
The Majorero It is a dog of medium size and robust. The standard marks a height to the cross of 57 to 63 cm in males, the females are slightly smaller and its height is of 55 to 61 cm.. In both sexes, there is a margin of tolerance of 2 cm above or below. The weight of the males is of 30 to 45 kg, and in females in 25 to 35 Kg.
The fur is soft and short hair, the hair color is Jet Black with beige and grey which gives the tone striped. A curious feature of the breed is that they are the single or double spurs on the hind legs. They often have white spots on extremities, referred to in shoes, and from the lower lip to the chest, Sometimes the belly. The hair should be of medium length, soft, and with subpelo.
The skin should be thick and loose, especially in the dorsal part of the dog.
Character and skills
They have a very strong temperament, and that makes them dangerous to strangers who roam without warning in the territories they take care of...
Traditionally (and now), in the Canary Islands has been used for saves and conduction of the goats, sheep and cattle, and as guardian in country houses and estates. In the past, by his bellicose nature was used as a dog fight, and it is often crossed with dogs of prey. It is affectionate with their masters, Sometimes something distant, and he likes to be with children, to protect as if they were her pups and tolerate their own age cruelties. It is not a submissive dog, quite the contrary.
In the news, tends to be used as a watchdog, in villas, farms, industrial estates, etc. It is an active dog who is always alert distrustful by nature is, very territorial with other dogs.
His gaze is serious, but not severe, is of few friends. It is a very confident dog, and a correct and coherent education is essential when it is used as a companion dog, because it is very independent, and you need that they mark clear guidelines.
The Maltese is very sensitive, and you prefer a home that is stable.
Content
Characteristics "Maltese"
Coexistence is important that you have with your new friend. Before considering the acquisition of a dog of the breed "Maltese" you know certain factors. Not all breeds of dogs are apt to live in an apartment, you must take into account his character, their need for exercise, their interaction with other pets, their care and if you have small children, their level of tolerance towards them.
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History
The Maltese It is a canine breed that has existed since ancient times and was already widespread in Mediterranean cultures.. But, contrary to what its name might suggest, its exact origin remains uncertain, but it seems to come from one of the countries of the Mediterranean basin. Along its history, it has been given many names, as Melitae Dog, Ye Ancient Dogge of Malta or Maltese Lion Dog. But, Today it is mainly known as Maltese or Maltese dog.
Archaeological finds tend to confirm that the Maltese it even existed in ancient egypt. In fact, in a tomb dating from the reign of Ramses II (1304 a.C. to 1214 a.C.) a statuette was found representing a dog that looks like him in everything. So, we can assume that the Egyptians considered it a sacred animal.
Maybe because, like Europeans later, they thought it was capable of curing diseases, or at least they discovered that he was able to calm the sick by snuggling up next to them.
They weren't the only ones who honored him, since the Greeks also built graves for their deceased dogs. The dog was also found in ancient Greece, to the point that the famous philosopher Aristotle (384 a.C. – 322 a.C.) mentioned it in his zoological work History of animals. He mentioned a breed of small dog that he called in Latin canes melitenses, What does "Maltese dog" mean?.
Before the beginning of the Christian era, Maltese was also very popular with the Romans. Many noblewomen owned one and never went out without it.. They wore it on the bodice or sleeve, as a jewel or an accessory. This trend continued well beyond ancient Rome.
In the 1st century, Roman Emperor Claudius (10 a.C. – 54 d.C.) he was probably the most famous Maltese owner. Regarding St. Publius (33 d.C. – 112 d.C.), Roman governor of Malta who owned a Maltese named Issa, asked the poet Marcial to write a eulogy for his dog, what he did in his Epigrams collection.
The Maltese came to the British Isles during the reign of Henry VIII (1491-1547), and there he also became very popular among the upper classes, especially among women, who used him as a companion and lap dog. It was appreciated for its beauty, while its small size allowed them to easily carry it on their blouses. It was especially adopted by Queen Elizabeth I (1533-1603).
Although it survived many wars and conflicts over the years, the breed was about to disappear around the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, after unfortunate attempts to miniaturize it to the maximum. To save her it was necessary to cross with the Poodle, Small Spaniels and Asian Miniature Dogs.
Despite its success and presence in many countries, the breed was not introduced to North America until the 19th century. However, one of its representatives (white) was present at the first dog show in the history of the United States, the Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show, which was held for the first time in 1877. There it was shown with the name of Maltese Lion Dog.
The breed was soon recognized by the American Kennel Club (AKC), already in 1888. But, was not up 1948, 60 years later, when the other most important canine organization in the country, el United Kennel Club (UKC), he did the same. But, American organizations were more active than the Fรฉdรฉration Cynologique Internationale (FCI), who waited until 1955 to recognize the Maltese.
Physical characteristics
They weigh between 1,8 and 4 kg. Being the maximum weight in adulthood of 3 kg in females and 4 kg in males. Its height is of 20 to 25,5 cm., and they have a compact body.
The Maltese it is a small dog with a noble and elegant appearance, and a fluid and graceful walk.
Your body is well proportioned, his chest is quite deep and his ribs are well sprung.
Like other Spitz breeds, its tail curves between the hips until it touches the rump. Carries high and can be curved sideways.
The head is proportional to the size of the body. The skull is slightly rounded and quite wide between the ears. The ears are set low and triangular in shape. The eyes are round and dark brown, with a soft but alert look. The eyelids conform to the eyeball and are pigmented black. The muzzle is fine, average length, and ends in a black nose.
The coat of the Maltese It is thick, shiny and silky. No undercoat, but a layer of long straight hair all over the body, no waves or curls. On the sides, hangs to the ground, which almost gives the impression that the dog is floating.
The fur is white, but a shade of ivory and lemon strokes are allowed. Until the end of the 19th century, it was even possible to use other coat colors. But, at that time, all colors other than solid white were deprecated, so breeders focused solely on individuals with white fur.
As they have no undercoat and shed relatively little, Maltese are often considered a hypoallergenic breed. Although none of them are hypoallergenic, they are usually well tolerated by people allergic to dogs. However, This does not exempt any potential adopter who suffers from this allergy from carrying out a test in real conditions before taking the step..
Last, sexual dimorphism is not very pronounced in this breed: males and females are about the same size.
Some breeders offer the Maltese miniature, whose weight is around 2 kg, or even less. These dogs not only don't conform to the breed standard, Rather, this extreme miniaturization is often accompanied by genetic problems and, in general, health risks. So, you better stay away from them.
In comparison to the Yorkshire Terrier or the Chihuahua, the Maltese you are not as likely to have fingernails or other diseases that can shorten your life.
Popularity
Still today, the Maltese it is still very popular and is present all over the world.
In United States, is around the post 30 (out of a total of 195) in the breed ranking established by the American Kennel Club (AKC) according to the number of births registered each year in the organization. But, this marks a steady decline from, at least, early 21st century, when I was about the twentieth position.
At the same time, on the other hand, has greatly increased its popularity in the UK: while in the middle of the decade of 2000 there were some 400-500 Annual Kennel Club Enrollments, This figure is around the 1100, and has been fairly stable since 2012.
The situation is different in France, since the number of annual entries in the French Origin Book (LOF) almost never stopped increasing for at least half a century. He was in his early twenties 70, a quarantine at the end of this decade, and then multiplied by ten during the 80, until exceeding 400. The trend continued over the years 90, until it stabilized around the 600 at the end of the decade and, Therefore, at the beginning of the 21st century. This trend continued until the decade of 2010, characterized by an increase in 50%, ending with more than 900 births per year.
In Switzerland, it is the 13th most popular breed in the country. There are more than 7000 people registered in the Swiss Amicus database.
Did you know??
The sweet little one Maltese dog is the favorite of celebrities, including Halle Berry, Heather Locklear y Eva Longoria. Could it be because they are so adorable in photographs? We think so.
Kind, loving and affectionate with their masters, the Maltese he is also very attentive to his emotions, and is able to comfort them in difficult times. He is very active and maintains a youthful spirit all his life..
Your attachment to family is so strong that it can be problematic if you are alone too often or for too long. In fact, does not tolerate loneliness well and, therefore, you are likely to suffer from separation anxiety in such circumstances, what can drive, for example, destructive behavior or incessant barking. So, not suitable for a teacher who spends most of his days away from home.
Have him share his home with another dog or with a representative of another species (cat, rodent, bird…) it is a good way to help you better cope with the absences of your masters. But, this is only possible if you have grown up together or if you are used to living with other animals since childhood. In fact, in the event that another animal comes one day to your family, they are likely to be jealous and do not appreciate having to share their master's attention with another animal. In any case, given its small size, it is not advisable to make him live with a large congener, since it could inadvertently hurt you, for example just playing with him.
Its small size and fragile bone structure also explain why it is not recommended to live with young children.. In fact, the latter are quick to have too abrupt gestures towards him, especially during playtime, and could inadvertently hurt you. It also, even if it's not like that, may become scared and overwhelmed when faced with young children who are moving around a lot and making noise, which could cause inappropriate reactions on your part. In any case, a small child should never be left alone with a dog without adult supervision, regardless of race.
Not content with being around family members, the Maltese he's kind to strangers too, as long as I see there is nothing to fear from them. But, this does not prevent you from barking when you perceive a threat or a stranger approaching your home, which makes him a very good alert dog.
The Maltese's need for exercise is very moderate, making it a good breed for older people. Half an hour of activity a day is more than enough, for example, two or three short walks a day and / or small play sessions. But, he also likes dog sports like agility, obedience and rally, but its resistance is limited. In any case, he is always delighted to discover new things and learn new tricks.
As soon as you exercise enough, is quiet, able to adapt to any living space, and is delighted to spend long periods of time with his master, receiving pampering. It is therefore a breed of dog adapted to apartment living., who can be happy both in the city and in the country, in a big house with a garden. But, not made to spend most of the time outside. This is especially true in winter, since its lack of undercoat makes it sensitive to cold. But also the rest of the year, because its small size can make it prey for potential predators (birds Raptors, foxes…), plus the risk of it being stolen by malicious people. In any case, it is not about relegating it abroad, away from his family: accustomed for centuries to living in the heart of homes and loving to be the center of attention, you need to live and interact with your family to be happy and balanced.
Observations
Unlike other dogs the Maltese need little physical activity, What are good candidates for older people. Hunting mice, and they keep them away from the House.
Taking them for a walk would also serve to make them sociable since they do not require much exercise, adults should keep the weight and the best way to do this is by controlling what you eat and taking them for a walk. We must pay attention to the hair, and the help of a dog hairdresser may be required from time to time. You must be careful with approaching other dogs that are very nervous and are uncontrollable.
They can make stunts, How to keep standing on their hind legs for several minutes. Although perfectly adapted to living in apartments for its small size and domestic, love to walk in the open air. To be a difficult race, about all when they are puppies, they require many care. It is recommended to feed with feed, and though loves food human should never be given chocolate, It is highly deadly to this race.
Education
Like any dog, the socialization of Maltese must start at a very young age, period during which it is more malleable and adaptable. It is advisable to make you know as many different individuals and animals as possible, as well as exposing him to all kinds of situations and environments. This is essential for it to be an animal with a good head and serenity in all circumstances..
At the same time, given the very strong level of attachment to their humans that characterizes this breed, teaching the puppy to endure loneliness is part of the priorities of their education, to avoid that the absences of their masters suppose a later problem.
The Maltese he is smart and likes to please his owners. But, sometimes he is stubborn, which can complicate the learning sessions a bit. Ideally, opt for the positive reinforcement training method, since they are not receptive to reprimands and respond much better to stimuli and treats. But, it is important not to abuse the treats or discount them from your dog's daily intake to avoid weight gain.
In any case, you can't miss inappropriate behavior (grunts, barking, aggressiveness, refusal to obey…) when he is young, with the argument that it is small, beautiful and harmless. This would be the best way to make him develop "small dog syndrome", that is to say, get used to doing what you want in any circumstance, and become dominant, aggressive and difficult to live with. So, its owner must be firm from the start and make sure to establish - and enforce- clear rules, long-term constant and applied uniformly by all household members.
Health
The Maltese they are generally robust and healthy dogs.
But, due in particular to the absence of an undercoat, it is particularly sensitive to cold and humidity. When temperatures are cold, should be covered with adog coat.In any case, you are not meant to live in an area where the weather is cold for much of the year.
It also, of course, not completely free from health problems, many of which are common to other small breeds.The conditions to which you are predisposed are:
The Hip Dysplasia, joint malformation whose appearance can be enhanced by a hereditary predisposition, produces pain and lameness in the hips and causes the appearance ofosteoarthritiswhen the animal gets old;
The dislocation of the patella (or dislocation of the patella), common in dogs. It occurs when the kneecap moves in or out of the knee and can cause pain or lameness of varying degrees of severity. In the most severe cases, an operation is necessary;
The tracheal collapse, a respiratory disease that mainly affectssmall dogsand corresponds to a reduction in the diameter of the trachea. The most common sign is a dry and chronic cough, but it can also cause great shortness of breath. If necessary, it may be necessary to place a prosthesis;
The cryptorchidism, often a hereditary defect that prevents the animal's testicles from descending into the scrotum. The only solution then is to remove them surgically to avoid further complications, which leads to the sterilization of the animal;
Congenital portosystemic derivation, a vascular abnormality that can cause growth retardation, weight loss or even neurological problems and / or digestive.In some people, the symptoms are subtle, which makes the diagnosis of the disease later. This pathology, whose cause may be hereditary, can be cured by surgical intervention;
Hydrocephalus, a disease of nervous system in dogs.Symptoms vary from individual to individual (bulging head, growth retardation, nervous disorders, etc.), but the vital prognosis is never very good;
shaking dog syndrome, a disease that mainly affects small dogs in white coats. It consists of inflammation of the cerebellum and causes attacks of involuntary tremors throughout the body and lack of coordination. The symptoms usually begin to appear between the 9 months and 2 years and can be reduced, or even disappear, with drug treatment;
Hypoglycemia, which mainly affects diabetics and corresponds to a significant decrease in blood glucose level. The symptoms of the problem are loss of appetite, lethargic state, tremors and unsteady gait, in the most severe cases, can lead to coma and then death of the animal, if you are not given sugar one way or another;
The Cushing's disease, a hormonal disease whose most common clinical signs include increased appetite, thirst and amount of urine produced, muscle atrophy or the appearance ofalopecia;
The gradual retention atrophy, an incurable inherited disease that consistently affects both eyes at the same time, causing retinal degeneration and progressive loss of vision, at night and then day;
The glaucoma, an eye disease that can be inherited and causes degeneration of the optic nerve and retina due to abnormally high pressure in the eye. This painful pathology for the animal rapidly evolves into total or partial loss of sight, unless it is attended urgently;
The waterfall, It mainly affects the elderly and is a clouding of the lens Causes vision disturbances, up to total loss of sight if uncontrolled, only an operation can allow the animal to regain good vision;
The otitis, frequent inflammation indogs with floppy ears.
It also, the Maltese is easily susceptible to obesity, that can cause or aggravate many existing pathologies, and therefore have a very negative impact on your health. This is all the more true as it constitutes a vicious circle., because an overweight dog becomes less active and, Therefore, being overweight tends to increase.
Finally, even if it is not strictly speaking a disease, is also subject to reverse sneezing (or reverse sneezing).This is manifested by short-lived seizures during which you make loud noises when you inhale that may give the impression that you are choking. Seizures are usually rare and harmless., if they repeat too often, a veterinarian should be consulted to confirm that it is not another condition.
Although the list of diseases the breed is predisposed to can be terrifying, It must be taken into account that its prevalence is low and that most people lead perfectly healthy lives. This is also confirmed by a study carried out in 2004 by the Kennel Club and the British Association of Small Animal Veterinarians, as old age was found to be the leading cause of death in this breed, on a par with cancer. Cardiac causes rank third and together account for more than half of the observed deaths.
The number of diseases to which the breed is predisposed that are or may be hereditary, choosing acreator of Malteseshould not be left to chance: directly influences the probability of obtaining a healthy animal and that it continues to be so., in addition to ensuring thepuppy socialization from its first weeks, A serious breeder refrains from reproducing an individual capable of transmitting a hereditary affection to all or part of his offspring., must be able to present the results of DNA tests performed to parents (and possibly the young) and that they demonstrate that they are free from hereditary defects., it is better not to take unnecessary risks and turn to another breeder., You must also provide a certificate of good health established by a veterinarian as well as details of the vaccinations received, recorded in the puppy's health or vaccination registry.
Later, it is strongly recommended not to make him make prolonged or excessively intense physical efforts during his growth, period when your bones and joints are still very fragile. You would risk injury or malformations, potentially with lifelong consequences. This is even more important because you are predisposed to various joint problems:dislocation of the patella,Hip Dysplasia,etc.
Finally, like any dog, should be taken at least once a year to the vet for a complete checkup, that sometimes you can detect a problem that is still embryonic and treat it as best as possible.It is also an opportunity to perform the necessary booster injections.. At the same time, to prevent the risk of parasites and the multiple diseases that accompany them, your teacher should make sure to renew your deworming treatments throughout the year, whenever necessary.
Life expectancy
15 years
Grooming
The coat of the Maltese requires a lot of daily care. In fact, to avoid knots and keep it clean and shiny, it is advisable to brush it every day with a special brush or glove and use a detangling and revitalizing spray. But, the absence of undercoat means that it is not subject to seasonal shedding and that it loses very little.
The length of her hair makes dirt build up easily, so it tends to quickly give off bad odors. To remedy it, it is necessary to wash it on average once a month. But, you must not go any further: excessive frequency could harm the balance of your skin, by eliminating the sebum that it produces naturally and that protects it from skin problems. It also, systematically use a shampoo specially designed for dogs, also with the risk of damaging your skin, and avoid wetting the inside of your ears, as they are especially prone to ear infections and other infections.
It is also recommended not to let the hair air dry, but clean it directly with a towel after bathing, so that its coat is beautiful once dry.
It also, to avoid being embarrassed by the length of your hair at eye level, it may be a good idea to tie it at the top of the head with a small elastic band or a hair clip.
So that daily detangling is less heavy, It may also be a good idea to take your dog to a professional groomer every one to two months for a short haircut., or do it yourself, for the most skilled. Helps keep the coat neat, prevents dirt from accumulating on the hair and prevents bad odors, common when the coat is long.
It also, hair between the pads and around the ears and eyes should be trimmed once a month to reduce the risk of infection caused by any small plants or spikes that may be stuck in the fur.
You also have to pay special attention to their droopy ears., since this morphological characteristic increases the risk of infections at this level (otitis, etc.). So, they must be inspected and cleaned once a week, and get into the habit every time they get wet or moisture builds up on them.
The weekly maintenance of your ears is also an opportunity to check that there are no tear stains at the corner of your eyes., due to a blocked tear ducts, a very common problem in Maltese. Then, just clean them with a special lotion or with a cotton pad soaked in physiological serum, and then gently wipe them with a cloth. In case of constant and / or continuous discharge, a veterinarian should be consulted.
Looking at your teeth, they must be cleaned with a dog toothpaste at least once a week, using a toothbrush or finger bowl. This routine is important to prevent tartar buildup and the problems it can cause: bad breath, diseases, etc. The ideal for optimal oral health is even to do it several times a week, or even every day.
Utility
The Maltese It is one of the oldest companion dog breeds in the world., fulfilling this function since ancient times. Her beautiful fur, its small size, his friendly temperament and the fact that he is a very calm breed of dog made him a very popular companion for women of high society, as well as many historical figures, both in antiquity and in Renaissance Europe and subsequent centuries. He even had a reputation for healing the sick., or at least alleviate them. In other words, the important place he occupied in his master's life was not new.
In fact, things haven't changed much nowadays, since they are mainly used as companion dogs. But, needs their owners to be present enough by their side on a daily basis, in addition to having time to dedicate to its maintenance.
They are often recommended for people with allergies to dogs, since their lack of undercoat and their moderate shedding make them a fairly hypoallergenic companion. But, keep in mind that no race is 100% hypoallergenic, since all dogs produce dandruff, and there may be quite noticeable differences between individuals, even within the same litter. So, Anyone who suffers from this type of allergy and wishes to adopt a Maltese must first spend a few hours with the proposed animal, to make sure no allergic reaction occurs.
It also, its small size, its shiny white fur, his elegance and graceful gait make the Maltese a must-have in beauty pageants, where he wins prizes very often. But, if you want to expose your dog to a dog show, you better have plenty of time for grooming sessions, since the maintenance of the Maltese coat for this type of event can be time consuming.
Perhaps a more enjoyable way to spend time with him is to train him in various dog sports. In fact, his desire to please his master and his liveliness make him a good competitor in agility competitions, obedience, rally and crawl.
Last, your kindness and kindness, as well as his cheerful and attentive character, make it sometimes used as a therapy dog, since his temperament facilitates contact with the sick.
Price
The price of a puppy Maltese varies between the 650 and 2500 EUR, being the average of about 1600 EUR, without great differences between males and females. Whether in Europe, It is not very difficult to find a Maltese breeder, because they are numerous.
In United States, the offer is wide and the price is similar. You just have to make sure you respect the regulations regarding the importation of a dog from abroad, and keep in mind that transportation costs and administrative fees are added to the purchase price.
Whatever the place, the price difference from one individual to another is explained, in particular, by the greater or lesser conformity of each with the breed standard. The kennel's prestige also comes into play, as well as the lineage from which they descend.
Date of publication of the valid original standard:
27.11.1989
Use:
Companion dog.
General appearance:
Small in size and elongated trunk. It is covered with very long white hair. He is very elegant and his head posture is haughty and distinguished..
important proportions:
The length of the trunk exceeds by 38% the height at the withers. The length of the head is equal to 6/11 the height at the withers.
Behavior / temperament:
Alert, affectionate, very docile and very intelligent.
Head:
Its length is equal to 6/11 the height at the withers. It is very wide and its width barely exceeds half of its length..
Cranial region:
Skull: Its length is slightly longer than that of the snout; the bizygomatic width is equal to its length, and consequently greater than half the length of the head. Seen from above it is slightly ovoid in shape; the top of the skull is flat, with a very little marked occipital process. The protuberances of the frontal bones and eyebrows are well developed. The frontal sulcus is not visible, since it is little marked. The lateral faces are slightly convex.
Depression links (Stop) : Very marked, forming an angle of 90ยฐ.
facial region:
Truffle: It is located in the extension of the nasal cannula and, profile view, its front face is vertical. It is voluminous, with nostrils wide open; It is rounded in shape and its color is strictly black.
Snout: Its length is equal to 4/11 of head length; is therefore slightly less than half. Sub-orbital regions are well delineated. Its height is less than the length by a little more 20%. Side faces are parallel, but the snout, seen from the front, It shouldn't look square., since the anterior face is linked to the lateral faces in a series of curves. The nasal cannula is rectilinear, with well-marked grooves in its central part.
Lips: Seen from the front, the upper lip forms a very open arch where it joins. It is not very high, and so the commissure is not visible. The upper lip adapts perfectly to the lower lip, such that the lower profile of the snout is defined by the jaw. The edges of the lips are strictly black.
Jaws: Normally developed and thin in appearance; They are perfectly adjusted. The jaw, whose branches are rectilinear, It's not even prominent, nor elusive in the previous part.
Teeth: The arches are perfectly adjusted and the incisors have a scissor joint.. The teeth are white; the teeth are well developed and complete.
Eyes: Open, alert expression, larger than normal; the eyelid aperture resembles a circle. The eyelids are tightly attached to the eyeball, which is not sunken but rather protruding. The eyes are located on the same almost frontal plane, They are dark ocher in color and the edges of the eyelids are black. Seen from the front, the sclera should not be visible.
Ears: They are almost triangular in shape, Its width represents around 1/3 its length. They are implanted high above the zygomatic arch. They are not very erect, hanging and touching the lateral faces of the skull.
Neck:
Although it is covered with abundant hair, the demarcation with the nape of the neck is clearly visible. The upper profile is arched. Its length represents about half the height at the withers.. It is erect and your skin is not flaccid.
Body:
Its longitude, Measured from the tip of the shoulder to the tip of the buttock, exceeds in a 38% the height at the withers.
top line: It is rectilinear until the implantation of the tail.
Cross: It protrudes slightly from the line of the back.
Back: Its length comprises around 65% the height at the withers.
Rump: In the extension of the dorso-lumbar line, the rump is very wide and long; Its obliquity is 10ยฐ below the horizontal.
Breast
: The thorax is broad and descends below the line of the elbows; the ribs are not too tight. The thoracic perimeter exceeds 2/3 the height at the withers. The region of the sternum is well elongated.
Tail:
It is located in the extension of the rump, It is thick at the root and thin at the tip. Its length corresponds to 60% the height at the withers. It forms a single large curve whose tip falls between the haunches touching the rump. Tail that bends over one side of the body is tolerated.
Tips
Former members : Taken together, They are well applied to the body and are well poised.
Scapula: Its length represents 1/3 of the height at the withers and its obliquity below the horizontal is 60 to 65 degrees. Relative to the median plane of the body, approaches the vertical.
Arm: It is longer than the shoulder, includes between 40 to 45% the height at the withers; Its obliquity below the horizontal is 70%. It is well applied to the body in its upper two-thirds and its longitudinal direction is almost parallel to the median plane of the body..
Elbows: They are parallel to the median plane of the body.
Forearm: He is thin and has little visible muscle; However, the bones are rather robust in relation to the size of the breed.. It is less long than the arm and measures 33% the height at the withers. His height, Measured from the floor to the tip of the elbow, comprises around 55% the height at the withers.
Carpo: It is located in the vertical axis of the forearm; has great mobility; It does not have knots and is covered by a thin skin.
Metacarpus: It has the same characteristics of the carpus and, due to its short length, es vertical.
Previous foot: It is rounded, with toes well arched and together; center pad and digital pads are black; the nails are also black, or at least a dark color.
Later members : Seen in conjunction, They have robust bones and are parallel to each other. Seen from the back, They are vertical from the tip of the gluteus to the floor.
Thigh: Its bones are robust and its posterior edge is convex.. It is parallel to the median plane of the body; its direction from top to bottom and from back to front is somewhat oblique in relation to the vertical. Its length reaches about 40% from the height to the withers and its width is a little less than its length.
Leg: The groove is barely visible; Its obliquity below the horizontal is 55ยฐ. The leg is slightly longer than the thigh.
Hock: Its anterior angle is 140ยฐ.
Metatarsus: The distance from the floor to the tip of the tibiotarsal joint is slightly greater than 1/3 the height at the withers. Its length corresponds to the height of the hock. The metatarsus has perfect poise.
Rear foot: It is rounded like the previous one and has the same characteristics.
Movement:
Uniform, skimming the ground, executed with ease; during trotting the steps are short and fast.
Mantle
Skin : It is well attached to the entire body; It has dark, wine-red spots, especially on the back.. The edge of the eyelids, the third eyelid and the edge of the lips are black.
open the trunk, of which the configuration continues without opening, nor form locks. Tufts on the forelimbs are allowed, from elbow to foot, and on the hind limbs, from knee to foot. There is no inner coat of hairs. The hair on the head is very long, both on the snout, where it mixes with the beard, like on the skull, where it falls until it mixes with that of the ears. Tail hair falls on only one side of the body, that is, on the flank and on the thigh, and it is so long that it reaches the hock.
Color : Pure white. pale ivory is allowed. Pale orange tones are allowed on condition that they give the impression of being spots.. This, However, is not desirable and constitutes an imperfection.
Size and weight:
Height to the cross: Of 21 to 25 cm in males. Of 20 to 23 cm in females.
Weight: Of 3 to 4 kg.
Fouls:
Any deviation from the aforementioned criteria is considered as lack and the seriousness of it is considered to the degree of deviation to the standard and its impact on health and welfare of the dog.
Bilateral strabismus.
Trunk length, that exceeds 43% the height at the withers.
serious fouls
Visibly bulging nasal passage.
Marked underbite, if it alters the external appearance of the snout.
Size larger than 26 cm., and less than 19 cm in males, and higher than 25 cm., and less than 18 cm in females.
ELIMINATING fAULTS
Marked divergence or convergence of the craniofacial axes.
Total depigmentation of the nose, or truffle of another color other than black.
Upper prognathism.
Eyes gazeos.
Total depigmentation of the eyelids.
Anurismo; brachyurism, so much congenital, as artificial.
Curly hair.
Any color other than white, except pale ivory.
Spots of different colors, regardless of its extension.
Any dog โโshowing clear signs of physical or behavioral abnormalities should be disqualified..
N.B.:
Males should have two normal-appearing testicles fully descended into the scrotum..
Source: F.C.I - International Cynological Federation
The Alaskan Malamute he has a reputation for being stubborn and difficult to train among people who do not know him.
Content
Characteristics "Alaskan Malamute"
Coexistence is important that you have with your new friend. Before considering the acquisition of a dog of the breed "Alaskan Malamute" you know certain factors. Not all breeds of dogs are apt to live in an apartment, you must take into account his character, their need for exercise, their interaction with other pets, their care and if you have small children, their level of tolerance towards them.
Adaptation โ
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friendly dog โโโ
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Affection level โ
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Need for exercise โ
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Social need โ
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Home โ
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barking โ
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Health โ
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Intelligence โ
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Alaskan Malamute History
Also called Mally. It is native to the Arctic dog, and one of the oldest breeds within the sledge dogs.
It's a dog with a strong appearance, strong, with good musculature. It is capable of carrying significant weight (until 20 kg) for tens of kilometres. This is a very ancient race, from the first races of sled dogs.
Raised by a tribe of Inuit call mahlemiut. The meaning of the word mahle It is unknown, but it is known that mouse significa ยซpueblo deยป. Mahlemiut as Mahle people can therefore be interpreted. Following the English phonetics, diction is then transformed into MALAMUTE.
The area inhabited by the people of the MALAMUTE were the banks of Kotzebue Sound, a territory between two great rivers: the Kobuk and the Noatak. Men and women of the tribe mahlemiut (MALAMUTE) They were highly prized among others Inuit tribes for their courage, his pride and his skill in hunting and fishing.
These dogs were famous for their beauty and for their characteristics of strength and endurance., that made them excellent elements for shooting.
They were, in general, larger and more powerful than the other Nordic dogs, with similar in appearance to the Wolf and large and soft tails carried on the back. Contemporary witnesses tell it between 1870 and 1880 approximately, caribou, for unexplained reasons, changed their usual migratory routes, thus taking away from the Malamute tribes an important source of livelihood.
Under these conditions, families could no longer afford to keep groups of dogs made up of more than two or three dogs.: testimonies of the time talking about men, women and even children helped their dogs to pull the sledges. So the population began to decline and the same fate befell their dogs.
His ability to bear heavy loads becomes apparent when he is chosen to go on expeditions to the Arctic Circle., as the two who placed the Admiral Byrd. They were also used as a rescue of injured dog in World War II.
His presence, always with the head-up, It gives some impressive aspect that, However, It is not at odds with a very friendly and playful character with their owners, Although it gives the impression of being a very serious dog anyone that knows no race.
Alaskan Malamute Physical Characteristics
It has two layers hair: an external, thick and rough, and an internal feel oily and woolly, and it is longer in the area of the neck and shoulders, on the back and the tail. Its color It is predominantly gray but colors ranging from white to reddish sand allowed.
The tail is well covered and is carried over the back; has the appearance of a feather bush that sways.
The Malamute stands upright on its legs and embodies the pride and great joy of movement with its head-up posture and eyes that radiate alertness., interest and curiosity. His head is wide. Ears are triangular and are pricked when attention is drawn. The muzzle is massive and tapers only slightly from the base to the nose. It is neither pointed nor long nor short and thick. … The Malamute must have heavy bones and powerful legs, good legs, a deep chest, powerful shoulders and all the other physical conditions you need to do your job efficiently. Your movement should be smooth, harmonious, tireless and completely efficient. He was not bred as a racing sled dog for speed competitions.
In contrast to other races, When it gets wet is not drastically reduced its size.
There are different colors in the Alaskan Malamute, Black with white, coffee, reddish and recently found a color of white Malamute. The history of this color is equal to of the Siberian Husky; that are white to camouflage themselves with the snow and thus be able to catch their prey.
How big is an Alaskan Malamute??
Malamutes have a height at the withers of 64 centimeters in males and 59 centimeters in females. The weight is between 34 and 38 kg.
How long can an Alaskan Malamute live??
His life expectancy is more than 12 years.
Character and skills Alaskan Malamute
It is a sled dog with very ancient origins, little changed from its origin Wolf. This does not mean that it is aggressive. While his appearance and pride can impress the external observer, It's a playful animal (When you are invited to do so), faithful to his master and a great protective instinct with children.
It is a dog outside, She loves the outdoors and is happy to live in the open air; If locks it after a fence, It is very likely that finding the way to escape, because likes freedom and not lose a chance to go in search of an adventure or a career.
Shyness is usually not a good sign, but fortunately, seems to be a pretty rare feature in this race and if it occurs it may be due to causes outside of the animal genetics and having been produced by an owner who has failed to give a proper socialization, keeping him locked up and devoid of psychic stimuli, interaction with the same kind and a very limited human contact. If it detects, It should be monitored and provide training to overcome the problem, that otherwise his behavior may become unpredictable and therefore dangerous.
On the other hand, given the way of Eskimo and nomadic life share everything, is not a race of protection, but it can be a good Dog Alert, It will notify the owner that he sees something strange, with the so particular sound it emits, It is a combination between howl and bark.
It is not a dog to guard and defense than by nature tend to be friendly with humans.
As a result of his former life, It is a dog with strong herd instinct and hierarchy, which results in frequent attacks with other animals. It also, males are very territorial and competitive with each other so it is not advisable to house them together. Females may be easier to train and better adapted to living in houses. This breed likes human company, has huge doses of loyalty, love and willingness to work, What makes a good dog home.
It is affectionate with children, even with strangers, and he loves to accompany them on all sides. Because of its independent character is reputed to be stubborn and difficult to train among people who do not know. But, There are Malamutes champions working with blind obedience.
They are sensitive, affectionate and playful, but they know to protect themselves effectively. With a good training and socialization are balanced dogs, both physically and psychologically, because they have good potential for learning because they are quick to learn and acute reflexes.
Popular mixes
Mixtures of Alaskan Malamute with other dog breeds are common in the sled dog scene. Many โ mushers they try it to improve the performance of their dogs. Individuals who from the point of view of the mushers do not bring optimal performance against the sled, they are then sometimes found in the shelter or offered as a companion dog.
Caution, health and diseases
How much care does an Alaskan Malamute need??
The Alaskan Malamute needs regular brushing, at least weekly, of the coat. Change of coat, twice a year, is particularly intensive. Then your house, his car and his clothes will be full of his long hair, even though they brush it daily. But the main effort for its care is due to its nature as a sled dog.
Are there any diseases typical of the Alaskan Malamute?
The Alaskan Malamute it is a very healthy breed of dog, as long as it is not bred in extreme form, which fortunately is seen very little so far: too heavy dogs with too short legs.
What food is best for an Alaskan Malamute?
The Alaskan Malamute is often a picky eater. The โ mushers they have secret recipes with treats to provide their dogs with enough energy before the races. like most dogs, likes a meaty beef bone and fresh meat.
Activities
The Alaskan Malamute has to work. This usually means its use as a sled dog.. An attitude like that of a farm or family dog โโwould not be appropriate for the species.
Considerations before purchase
Where can you buy an Alaskan Malamute?
If you are interested in a Alaskan Malamute, the first thing to do is visit some sled dog races. Then you should check if you want to spend at least the next ten years an ordinary life, sporting and intensive with these dogs and also having the objective conditions for it. Then you should get information from a local breeder who is affiliated with a sled dog club.. If everything goes well, you will have a wonderful experience.
Breeding and maintenance
Is an Alaskan Malamute right for me??
The Alaskan Malamute a dog is not for beginners. You have high demands on your attitude, stemming from its destiny as an original sled dog. All the lives of their caregivers, your human family must adjust to your needs. The real MALAMUTE needs the challenge before the sled physically and mentally. Here are several replacement possibilities even without snow. We see a kind of sled on wheels like a tricycle or a training car with four tires. Especially for Malamutes, drag competitions are organized, which are accepted by the dogs with great joy and full commitment. Especially the sport of dogsledding has something very special. Driving with the sleigh of the MALAMUTE through a snowy landscape in winter is one of the greatest experiences of all.
It also allows you to experience a deep unity between man-dog and nature in a way that is hardly possible otherwise.. Of course it is also good for your health.
When traveling, it is better to take the MALAMUTE in an aluminum transport box. The Malamute is not a dog for an apartment. Una casa con un ยซjardรญnยป deberรญa ser un espacio ideal para esta raza.
The MALAMUTE it is one of the few breeds of dog that can be kept as a pack in a kennel without any problem. But this kennel must be well secured. It is not that Malamutes are a danger to the environment, but they are kings of escape and they dig well and with gusto. You can hardly believe, through which little holes these heavy dogs can escape.
To the malamutes they like to sleep outside and snuggle with their head under their tail during the biggest snowstorm. The garden, where the Malamutes, should not be considered as an ornamental garden, to put it in a nice way. The malamutes require that the entire lifestyle be in tune with this association.
The Alaskan Malamute can be well trained by an experienced dog owner. One must accept the challenge, even love, of fighting mentally with these primitive and self-confident dogs. They will gladly accept their masters and caregivers, will be loyal to them, but they must have leadership qualities combined with a lot of doggy mind. You have to fully commit to the experience of having a MALAMUTE. Not a dog for people without deep canine experience.
Date of publication of the valid original standard:
14.08.1996
Use:
Sledge dog
General appearance:
The Alaskan Malamute is one of the oldest breeds of sled dogs. This is a mighty dog, solidly built, deep chest and strong, muscular body. Sus extremidades son bien aplomadas cuando estรก de pie y su actitud denota una gran energรญa. The head takes her high, with a haughty bearing; the look, always alert, expresses interest and curiosity. The head is wide; the ears are triangular and stand erect when the dog is attentive. The muzzle is compact and its width, de la raรญz a la trufa, only slightly decreases. It's not long, or pointed, but it is not truncated either. The pelage is dense; the hair on the outer coat is coarse and of sufficient length to protect the inner coat of hair which is woolly.
This breed exists in different colors. Face markings are a distinctive feature. These consist of a kind of headdress that covers the head. The face, or is it completely white, or has a stripe and / or a mask. The tail carried over the back has the appearance of an undulating plume. Her hair is abundant.
El Malamute estรก dotado de una fuerte osamenta y sus extremidades no presentan ningรบn defecto. Feet are good, the chest is deep and the shoulders are powerful.
Posee todas las otras estructuras fรญsicas necesarias que le permiten el cumplimiento eficaz de su tarea. His movements are fluid, balanced, tireless and fully efficient. This dog is not designed to compete with others pulling the sled in speed races, its value lies in its strength and endurance. Cualquier caracterรญstica individual, including temperament, that interferes in the realization of this purpose, must be considered the most serious of offenses.
IMPORTANT PROPORTIONS: The height of the chest corresponds to approximately half the height at the withers; el punto mรกs bajo del pecho se sitรบa exactamente detrรกs del antebrazo. The length of the body, taken from the tip of the shoulder to the tip of the buttock, exceeds the height at the withers.
Behavior / temperament:
The Malamute is an affectionate dog, friendly and not a single master's dog. He is a loyal and devoted companion, willing to play when encouraged, but usually impresses with dignity as an adult.
Head:
It's wide and deep, but it is not coarse or heavy and should be proportionate to the size of the dog. The expression is sweet and indicates an affectionate disposition.
Cranial region:
Skull: Wide and moderately rounded between the ears. Narrowing and gradually flattening at the top, close to the eyes; it is round in the region of the cheeks, which are rather flat. A slight furrow can be seen between the eyes. La lรญnea superior del crรกneo y de la lรญnea superior del hocico forman casi una lรญnea recta.
Depression links (Stop): Light.
facial region:
Truffle: In all the colors of the fur, except for the red, It is black, asรญ como tambiรฉn los labios y el borde de los pรกrpados.
Brown is allowed in red-coated dogs. Se acepta la nariz โe nieveโ, which is marked by a lighter band.
Snout: It is big and massive, in relation to the size of the skull. Its width and depth decrease very little from the junction with the skull to the nose..
Lips: They are tight.
Jaws / Teeth:Ambas mandรญbulas son anchas y poseen dientes fuertes. The incisors form a scissor bite. Both upper and lower prognathism constitute a fault.
EYES: They are arranged obliquely on the skull. They are chestnut, almond-shaped and medium-sized. Blue eyes are an eliminatory foul.
EARS: Medium-sized, although small in relation to the skull. They are triangular in shape and slightly rounded at the end.. Well separated implantation, se sitรบan sobre los bordes externos de la parte posterior del crรกneo, aligned to the upper corner of the eye, for which, when the ears are pricked, seem to move away from the skull. When they are upright, ears point slightly forward, but when the dog works, sometimes they bend and stick to the skull. High set ears are a fault.
Neck:
They are arranged obliquely on the skull. They are chestnut, almond-shaped and medium-sized. Blue eyes are an eliminatory foul.
Body:
It is compact in construction, but it is not excessively short. Must not be overweight, and bone structure is in proportion to size.
Back: Straight; descends in a slight incline to the hips. Pork loin: Solid and well muscled. A long loin that can weaken
the back constitutes a foul.
Breast
: Well developed.
Tail:
De inserciรณn mediana siguiendo la lรญnea de la columna vertebral. The dog carries it on his back when he is at rest.
No se apoya contra la lรญnea superior, nor does it twist into a closed curl on the back, asรญ como tampoco estรก cubierta de pelos cortos como la cola del zorro. The Malamute's tail is very bushy and has the appearance of a wavy plume..
Tips
PREVIOUS MEMBERS: They are muscular and strong boned. Seen from the front, are straight up to the metacarpals.
Shoulder: They are moderately oblique.
Metacarpus: Seen in profile, they are short, solid and slightly oblique.
Previous feet: Los pies son tipo โraqueta de nieveโ, closed and thick with well-cushioned ear cushions for a firm and compact look. They are large and the toes are close together and well arched. Protective hair grows between the fingers. The pads are thick and tough. Fingernails are short and strong.
LATER MEMBERS: They must be wide. Seen from the back, both when the dog is standing, like when in action, they must be perfectly aligned with the forelimbs. Seen from the back, the dog is not too narrow, not too wide. Hind limb dewclaws are undesirable and should be removed soon after the pups are born.
Thigh: It must be well muscled.Knee: Its angulation is moderate.
Hocks: Its joint is moderately bent and well lowered.
Hind feet: Los pies son tipo โraqueta de nieveโ, closed and thick with well-cushioned ear cushions for a firm and compact look. They are large and the toes are close together and well arched. Protective hair grows between the fingers. The pads are thick and tough. Fingernails are short and strong.
Movement:
Is loose, fluid, balanced and powerful. The Malamute is agile, taking into consideration its weight and size. Profile views, the hindlimbs produce a strong impulse that is transmitted to the forelimbs through a well-muscled lumbar region.
This impulse received by the forelimbs produces a sustained and long movement. Vistas de frente o de atrรกs las extremidades se mueven en lรญnea recta y no estรกn ni muy juntas, not too far apart. During the fast jog, limbs tend to converge on the body's center of gravity. Un paso rรญgido, or any movement that is not completely effective and tireless should be penalized.
Mantle
Fur: The outer layer of hairs is thick and rough, never long, nor soft. The undercoat of hairs is dense, of 2,5 to 5 cm. (1-2 ins) of thickness. It is also oily and woolly. Hair length is variable, both on the rough outer coat, as in the inner layer. The hair ranges from relatively short to medium on the lateral parts of the body; its length increases around the shoulders and neck, on the back and on the rump, asรญ como en los pantalones y el penacho. Usually, the Malamute has shorter and less dense hair during the summer months. At the exhibitions, this breed must be presented in the natural state. Grooming is only allowed to give the feet a clean appearance.
Color:Los colores usuales varรญan, from light gray through intermediate tones to black to red. The combination of colors in the inner layer of hairs is accepted, in the face (supraciliary arches, ears, lips, nose) and between the white and pigmented areas. El รบnico color uniforme que se acepta es el blanco. This is always the predominant color in the lower parts of the trunk, a part of the limbs, the feet and a part of the facial markings. A white stripe across the forehead, a necklace, the both, asรญ como una pequeรฑa mancha sobre la nuca llaman la atenciรณn y son admitidos. The Malamute's coat is laid out like a blanket; an irregular color spreading over the whole body or in the form of asymmetric splashes should not be allowed.
Size and weight:
This breed has a natural range of sizes.
For work, the desired sizes are: 63,5 cm. (25 inches) height at the withers for a weight of 38 kg (85 English pounds) in males, and in females 58,5 cm. (23 inches) height at the withers for a weight of 34 kg (75 English pounds). But, size considerations should not be more important than type, the proportions, movement and everything that concerns function. If during the judging some dogs are of equal type, proportions and function, The one that is closest to the desired size will be selected to be able to carry out heavy work.
IMPORTANT: When judging the Malamute, what should prevail over any other consideration is its function as a sled dog used to haul heavy loads. The severity of the penalty will depend on how far the specimen deviates from the description of the ideal Malamute and to what extent a particular defect affects work ability.. Las extremidades del Malamute deben mostrar una fuerza poco comรบn y un muy gran poder de propulsiรณn. Any sign of imperfection in the limbs or feet, front or rear, either when the dog is standing, or when in action, should be considered a serious offense. Given these preconditions, las faltas serรญan las siguientes: crushed feet, cow hocks, defective metacarpals, straight shoulders, lack of angulation, movimiento rรญgido (or any movement that is not balanced, energetic and uniform), lack of substance, chest that is not deep enough, thick or light-boned body and mediocre overall proportions.
Fouls:
Any deviation from the aforementioned criteria is considered as a fault and the severity of this is considered to the degree of the deviation to the standard and its consequences on the health and well-being of the dog..
FALTAS DESCALIFICANTES:
Aggressiveness or extreme shyness.
Any dog โโshowing clear signs of physical or behavioral abnormalities.
Aggressive or fearful dog.
Blue eyes.
N.B.:
Males should have two normal-appearing testicles fully descended into the scrotum..
Only functionally and clinically healthy dogs, with the typical conformation of the breed, should be used for parenting.
Source: F.C.I - International Cynological Federation
The Manchester Terrier is a slender dog, light, athletic and with very refined lines.
Content
History
The Manchester Terrier it is a dog of Scottish origin, seems a reduced form of the German Pinscher although I have no blood ties with this race.
The Manchester Terrier could be defined as the modern version of a mouse-hunting dog called ‘Old Black and Tan Terrierโ, It was very popular during the 19th century in the cities of the North-West of England, where - apparently- lived for several centuries.
Other flows say it also has blood of the Whippet which gives it its aerodynamic appearance with clean lines and a lot of agility.
In the beginning, the Manchester Terrier was a dog specializing in hunt for rats and rabbits in urban contests, but with the prohibition of these competitions, the Manchester Terrier went on to become a useful vermin controller for those who lived in the country and, later, in company pet.
But Manchester Terrier since its inception has been townsman, not descended รขโฌโ like other Terrier- field dogs, but that comes from urban dogs whose function was to put an end to the own city vermin: the rat.
While his presence in the world of canine competitions is not the same as old, Now you can enjoy these dogs in certain competitions.
Videos ยซManchester Terrierยป
The Manchester Terrier began to be called as such in the year 1897 (20 years after its creation).
It was created at the height of the contests that consisted of killing the largest number of rats, and the race became known as a champion in this discipline. With the prohibition of this practice, the Manchester Terrier suffers a first blow that lowers the number of copies and the popularity of the breed.
Later he suffered another bump with the prohibition of amputate the ears of dogs (1898). A Manchester Terrier with its ears unclipped looked like, According to its owners, it was not consistent with its behavior and physical power.. This Manchester Terrier began to be increasingly less popularity.
The third coup led in the World War II, during the race nearly extinct, leaving only 11 copies across England.
The race begins to recover when a group of enthusiasts decided to form a club to promote the popularity of the Manchester Terrier, although it was only used in exhibitions or as a pet.
Physical characteristics
The Manchester Terrier it is a compact looking dog, elegant, solid and well structured.
The height in the males is of approximately, 41 cm. and in the females of 38 cm.. The weight is proportional to the height.
Its skull is long, flat and narrow, with a conical shape.
It has oval-shaped eyes are very bright, small and dark. It has ears of high insertion, small and in the shape of a 'V' that has the tips raised and folded over the forehead.
It has a short trunk and a compact back, rounded. The limbs are straight and proportionate to the size of the body.
The tail is not very long, It is thick in the inclusion and is tuned toward the tip, must never exceed the dorsal line.
It has a layer of shiny hair, glossy, well bushy, smooth, short and very soft to the touch. The color is solid black with bronze spots (Dark mahogany).
Observations
In the United States are maiming ears. This practice was common in England before the Decree of the Prince of Wales that, in the year 1898 banned all amputations.
Due to the entry into force of this Decree, the race Manchester Terrier lost so much popularity that was on the verge of extinction.
Unfortunately, despite all efforts of loving breeders of this breed, from then on, the recovery of the breed… was only partial.
Character and skills
By having an urban origin, the Manchester Terrier It is an ideal dog for life in a small flat in city. It is a very nice dog that adapts effortlessly to the home life, over all if leave you a hole in the bed or the couch.
It will be fully happy, If in addition to the overstuffed couch take it to give rides to open field, because he will unleash his hunting instinct and go crazy with joy chasing mice, crickets, lizards…, and all small shabby crossing on their way.
The Terrier, It is the most suitable to live in an apartment, does not lose hair practically, and by instinct is a clean dog. Learn fast, and in addition fond of children.
ยซManchester Terrierยป Education
Create one Manchester Terrier is not easy. His multifaceted nature requires a lot of dog mind and empathy. He is also very sensitive and does not easily forgive injustice and disproportionate punishment.. So, not easy to recommend as a beginner dog. But, if you manage to feel and think your way to your Manchester and thus build a close relationship of trust, a hidden treasure is at your disposal. Especially for its multifaceted nature combined with its intelligence and docility, you can easily master any challenge with it, what could be desired in a full cooperation between dog and man. You need a clear announcement and consequences based on a respectful and loving relationship with your master and lady. Yet Manchester Terrier likes to be raised and seeks cooperation with humans. So, especially with him, much more than with other dogs in general, command and drill are completely out of place and counterproductive.
Manchester Terrier Health
The Manchester Terriers They have some health conditions that may be of concern. They include an inherited bleeding disorder called von Willebrand disease, Hypothyroidism, patellar dislocation, Legg-Calve-Perthes disease (Toy Manchesters), and eye problems like glaucoma and cataracts.
Do not buy a puppy from a breeder who cannot provide you with written documentation showing that the parents were exempted from health problems affecting the breed. Having dogs undergo a "vet check" is not a substitute for genetic health testing.
Remember that after bringing a new puppy home, has the power to protect you from one of the most common health problems: the obesity. Keep a Manchester with a proper weight is one of the easiest ways to prolong your life. Make the most of your preventive skills to help ensure a healthier dog for life.
ยซManchester Terrierยป Care
When it comes to grooming, the Manchester Terrier he's an easy keeper. Although the breed is naturally clean with little dog smell, a bath every three months (or when it gets dirty) in a mild shampoo is a good idea. Brush your elegant coat with a natural bristle brush or glove. Use hair conditioner / polisher to brighten hair.
The rest is basic care. Trim nails as needed, normally once every few weeks. Brush your teeth frequently with a veterinarian-approved pet toothpaste for overall good health and fresh breath. Check ears weekly for debris, redness or odor that may indicate an infection. If the ears look dirty, clean them with a cotton swab moistened with a gentle, pH-balanced ear cleaner recommended by your veterinarian. Enter the Manchester Terrier in the toilet when he is very young so that he learns to accept it, especially the nail cut, with patience.
The life expectancy of ยซManchester Terriersยป
as a rule, the Manchester Terriers they enjoy a long life as dogs, often more than 12, sometimes more than 15 years. But, a prerequisite is that they come from a healthy upbringing.
Comprar ยซManchester Terrierยป
You should take a closer look at the breed and visit a breeder well before you buy.. The best way to buy your Manchester Terrier puppy is to buy it from a breeder who is a member of an FCI terrier club or can look around shelters. Sometimes there are dogs that come near the Manchester Terrier in type and character. The costs are about 1.200 EUR.
Characteristics "Manchester Terrier"
Coexistence is important that you have with your new friend. Before considering the acquisition of a dog of the breed "Manchester Terrier" you know certain factors. Not all breeds of dogs are apt to live in an apartment, you must take into account his character, their need for exercise, their interaction with other pets, their care and if you have small children, their level of tolerance towards them.
– FCI – Terriers 1 Large and medium-sized terriers. โ
– AKC – Terriers โ
– ANKC – Terriers โ
– CKC – Terriers โ
– NZKC – Terriers โ
– UKC – Terriers โ
FCI breed standard "Manchester Terrier"
Origin:
United Kingdom
Date of publication of the valid original standard:
13.10.2010
Use:
Terrier
General appearance:
It is a compact dog, elegant, robust and of good substance.
Behavior / temperament:
Lively, alert, happy and sporty. Insightful and faithful.
Head:
---
Cranial region:
Craging: Long, flat and narrow, level and wedge-shaped, without the cheek muscles showing.
facial region:
Trufa: Glossy black.
Horcico: Well filled under the eyes, tapers towards the tip.
Bite / Teeth: Symmetrical jaws, with perfect and complete bite, scissor, that is to say, that the inner face of the upper incisors is in close contact with the outer face of the lower incisors. Teeth should be implanted at right angles in the jaws.
Labios: Glued.
Ojors:relativelysmall, dark and shiny. Almond shaped and should not be prominent.
Obars: The ears are small and โVโ shaped., implantation well above the skull and falling close to the head over the eyes.
Neck:
Fairly long and slim from shoulder base to head; slightly arched topline, without jowl.
Body:
Short.
Itmor: Slightly arched.
Breast
: Well arched ribs.
Lรญnlower ea and belly: Pick up behind the ribs.
Tail:
Cut and inserted where the arch of the back ends; thick at the base and tapers to the tip. It should not be carried higher than the line of the back..
Tips
PREVIOUS MEMBERS:
Hormbros: Clean and well sloped.
Antarm: Well upright forelimbs, and well placed below the body. Of length proportional to the body.
Pinis previous: Small, hare's half-form, strong and with well arched fingers.
LATER MEMBERS: Strong and muscular. Hindquarters must not have cow hocks or feet turned inward.
Rodinllto: Well angled.
Pinis later: Small, hare's half-form, strong and with well arched fingers.
Movement:
Straight, free and balanced. The forelimbs are carried forward freely and the hindquarters give it a great push.
Mantle
Plink: Tight, smooth, short and bright, hard textured.
Colorr: Glossy black and lit mahogany fire stains distributed like this: on the head and from the snout to the nose they have fiery hues, the nose and the back of the muzzle are shiny black. A small fire stain on each cheek and above each eye, in the lower jaw and in the throat forming a well-defined โVโ. In the Member, the fire color from the knee down, except the fingers which have black striations and a distinctive black spot (like thumbprint) on the foot. On the hind limbs the fire marks on the inside, with a black split at the knees. A fire spot under the tail and around the anus very narrow, so that it covers it. A very faint fire stain on each side of the chest. External fire spots on the hind limbs, commonly called โpantsโ, they are undesirable. In all cases, black color should not mix with fire and vice versa, but there must be a well-defined division between colors.
Size and weight:
Ideal height at the withers:
Males: 41 cm..
females: 38 cm..
Fouls:
Any deviation from the aforementioned criteria is considered as a fault and the severity of this is considered to the degree of the deviation to the standard and its consequences on the health and well-being of the dog..
FALTAS DISQUALIFYING:
Aggressiveness or extreme shyness.
Any dog โโshowing clear signs of physical or behavioral abnormalities must be disqualified..
N.B.:
Males should have two normal-appearing testicles fully descended into the scrotum..
Only functionally and clinically healthy dogs, with the typical conformation of the breed, should be used for parenting.
Itlatest changes are in bold.
TRANSLATION: Brรญgida Nestler / Original version: (IN)
Technical supervision: Miguel Angel Martinez
Source: F.C.I - International Cynological Federation
Alternative names:
1. Manchester Terrier (English).
2. Manchester Terrier (French).
3. Manchester Terrier (German).
4. Manchester Terrier (Portuguese).
5. Manchester Terrier (espaรฑol).
โท The world of Pets: Dogs, cats, birds, reptiles, amphibians
The Pyrenean Mastiff he is very tolerant and sweet with children, Watch them as if they were his flock.
Content
History
The Pyrenean Mastiff is a trotting dog breed, originally from the Aragonese Pyrenees (Spain). By its large size and strength the FCI included it within the Group 2 / Section 2 – molosoids and mountain dogs.
It comes, as all molosoides, Asian dog who came to Europe centuries ago. The first breed standard, It was approved only in the year 1946, since to date the breed had been totally ignored by the official dog world, even though the Pyrenean Mastiff, it had been from its first dawn a very important breed for local development, given that for centuries was used to defend livestock from the attack of bears and wolves.
For a long time the Pyrenean mastiff accompanied flocks of sheep on their transhumance routes from the Aragonese and Navarrese Pyrenees to the Maestrazgo. Its main function was the keep herds and their masters from attacks by wolves and thieves.
During the 20th century and especially after the Spanish civil war, due to economic difficulties, the Mastiff went into decline as it was very expensive to keep a dog of its size.
Over the years 70 a group of fans began a work to recover the breed through the few specimens that were in the field and that still had typical characteristics of the old Molossian.
In the year 1977 created the Spanish Pyrenean Mastiff Club, which organizes the selection and breeding program of the breed. Currently the breed has great international recognition as evidenced by the existence of clubs in many European countries and in the United States..
Physical characteristics
The Pyrenean Mastiff is a large size dog, well proportioned, powerful, muscular and skeletal structure compact. Its head is large, strong and slightly long, with a crรกneo-hocico relationship of 5:4.
It has eyes small, almond-shaped, ranging from color avellana to dark brown (what is the most common). The ears are triangular, medium-sized and hanging attached to the head.
The tail is thick at the base, strong, flexible and hangs until the Hock.
Regard to the size, In fact, there is no maximum limit because the idea is that the specimens are as large as possible. But according to the standard, yes, there are some minimums that cannot be lowered. according to standard, years. At that time, the minimums are 77 cm for males (Although it is preferable that they be above the 81 cm.) and 72 cm for the Herms (Although it is preferable that they exceed the 75 cm.).
The the mantle of the Pyrenean Mastiff is thick and quite long (of 6 to 9 cm length). Being longer on the shoulders, the neck and belly. It is hair must be rough to the touch, not soft and woolly.
The color base is white, with a well-defined mask. Some examples are brands of the same color as the mask, irregularly shaped but with sharp contours.
Favorite colors (according to standard) for the mask, and stains are soft grey, intense Golden Fawn, Brown, black and grey silver.
The the tail and distal parts of the legs They must be always white.
Observations
It is a breed that is still in the reconstruction phase and on the recommendation of the Club del Pyrenean Mastiff from Spain, not yet been included in the show ring, because he is expected to make the media playback smoother.
Character and skills
Although at the beginning of their walks among us, the Pyrenean Mastiff was used as a guardian of livestock, the time change and animals over time, so today he is a perfect house keeper.
It is a dog aware of its strength and power, reason why never shows aggressiveness, But if you feel threatened, He or his family can be really fearsome.
Let's not forget that it protected livestock from wolves and bears...
Despite the passage of time, The Pyrenean Mastiff preserves its "rusticity" in full form and this means that it does not adapt well to life outside its natural environment, which is the countryside and its tenants..
For that reason, If we decide to integrate a Pyrenean Mastiff into our family, it will be important comply with it as it is, without imposing conditions of life that cercenen your happiness, how would it beโฆ life in a small apartment in the middle of the city. That would play against your emotional balance, and with the size that has this dog, Perhaps the best is to have it happy and balanced (that all animal).
Something characteristic of the Pyrenean Mastiff is that wherever he is with children he is always sweet and very tolerant.. Because the converted part of his flock and the cares much.
He is also super careful with them, because as we said above, he is aware of his strength and might.
– FCI – Pinscher and Schnauzer-Molossoid type dogs – Swiss Mountain Dogs and Cattledogs. Section 2.2 Molossoid, mountain type. โ
– AKC – Dogs working โ
– โKC – Working dogs โ
– UKC – Watchdog โ
FCI breed standard "Pyrenean Mastiff"
Origin:
Spain
Date of publication of the valid original standard:
26.05.1982
Use:
Nursery and defense. In the past it was used as a defense against vermin, especially the wolf and the bear. Currently fulfills perfectly the task of guardian of estates and people, being very receptive to training.
General appearance:
It is a dog of great height, hypermetric and of medium proportions. Well proportioned, extremely powerful and muscular. compact skeleton. Discreetly long hair. Despite its enormous size it should not be clumsy or lymphatic.
IMPORTANT PROPORTIONS:
Media structure. Proportional and harmonious in all circumstances.
Body length slightly greater than the height at the withers.
The relationship between the length of the skull and the muzzle should be 5/4.
The width of the skull should be equal to or slightly greater than its length.
The relationship between the raised to the cross and the chest perimeter must be approximately 7/10.
Behavior / temperament:
Loving, tame, noble and particularly intelligent, he is both brave and fierce in front of strangers, to whom he never backs down In his relationships with other dogs he is benevolent, aware of its unique power. The case is revealed in the fight, denoting the patterns of behavior acquired after centuries of fighting the wolf. His bark is deep and deep and his expression is awake.
Head:
Grand, strong and moderately long. The relationship between the length of the skull and that of the muzzle should be 5/4. Cranio lines- moderately divergent facials, prone to parallelism. The skull-face set seen from above must be long and uniform, without a very marked difference in width between the base of the snout and the temples. Seen from the side it must be deep, not hosted.
Cranial region:
Skull : Width, strong, sub-convex profile. The width of the skull should be equal to or slightly greater than its length. Marked occipital Crest.
Depression links (Stop): Soft, little sharp, but defined.
facial region:
Truffle: black, wet, big and wide.
Snout: Straight profile. Seen from above it appears discreetly triangular, wide at birth, gradually decreasing towards the truffle but without being pointed.
Lips: The upper one should cover the lower one well but without sagging. The lower one forms marada lip commissure. The mucous membranes must be black.
Jaws / Teeth: Scissor bite. White teeth, strong and healthy. Big fangs, long, sharp and well crossed for prey. Very dimensioned and powerful molars. Rather small incisors. All premolars exist. Black palate, very marked stretch marks.
Eyes: Small, macaroons, Hazelnut coloured, preferably dark. With a watchful eye, noble, friendly and intelligent, but of extraordinary severity before an adversary. The eyelids are pigmented in black and preferably attached to the eyeball with the animal in attention. It is typical a faint relaxation of the lower eyelid that shows a discreet conjunctiva portion when the dog is at rest.
Ears : Mediums and falls, form triangular, plan, inserted above the eye line. At rest falling and attached to the cheeks. At attention clearly separated from the face and partially erect in its third-posterior. They should not be amputated.
Neck:
Truncated cone, width, strong, muscular and flexible. Thick and somewhat detached skin. Double gill well defined but not excessively abundant.
Body:
Rectangular. Very strong and robust, denoting great power but flexible and agile.
top line: Straight, horizontal, even on the move.
Cross: Well marked. Back: Powerful, musculada.
Pork loin: Long, wide and powerful; narrows as it reaches the ijar.
Rump: Wide and strong. Its inclination is about 45ยฐ in relation to the horizontal.. Elevation to the rump equal to the elevation to the cross.
Breast
: Width, deep, muscular and powerful. The tip of the sternum marked. Ribs with wide intercostal spaces and rounded, not flat. The relationship raised to the chest cross/perimeter must be approximately 7/10.
Belly and flanks: Belly moderately tucked up; lowered flanks and very broad flanks.
Tail:
Thick born, middle insertion. Strong, flexible and heavily populated with decidedly long and soft hair, forming a showy plume. At rest, his bearing is rather low, fully reaching the hocks and always angled in its final third. When the animal is moving or excited, it lifts it in a saber, with an obvious thread at the end, but never fully folded or resting on the rump.
Tips
PREVIOUS MEMBERS:
As a whole: Perfectly Plumb, viewed from the front straight and parallel, clearly perceiving muscles and tendons. The length of the forearm should be three times that of the metacarpus. Bone strong with powerful metacarpo.
Back: Oblique, very muscular. Longer than the forearm. Scapulo-humeral angle close to 100ยฐ.
Arm: Very powerful.
Elbows: Strong and glued to the rib cage. Humero-Radial Angle next 125 ยฐ.
Forearm: Of strong bones. Straight and powerful.
Metacarpus: Seen from the side with little inclination. It is practically the continuation of the forearm.
Previous feet: Of cat, Tight toes. Strong phalanges, high and well arched. Robust and hard nails and pads. Moderate interdigital membrane with hair.
LATER MEMBERS:
As a whole: Powerful, muscular. Seen from the side proper joints. Seen from the side and back, correct feet. Hocks without deviations. They must be able to easily propel the dog, strength and elegance.
Thigh: Strong and muscular. Coxo-femoral angle close to 100ยฐ.
Knee: FEMORO-TIBIAL ANGULO NEAR 120 ยฐ.
Leg: Long, muscular and strong-boned.
Hock: Open angle, close to 130 ยฐ.
Metatarsus: Well marked, with clear appreciation of the tendon. Presence or not of spurs that can be single or double, admitting your amputation. With equal merits, the presence of double spurs should be preferred..
Hind feet: Of cat, slightly oval. Slightly longer than the front feet.
Movement:
The preferred gait is the jog that must be harmonious, powerful and elegant with no tendency to laterity. Without ambling The preferred gait is the trot that must be harmonious, powerful and elegant with no tendency to laterity. Without ambience.
Mantle
Elastic, thick and pinkish, with darker pigmentations. All mucous membranes must be black.
Fur: Bushy, thick and moderately long. The ideal average length set on the center of the upper line is 6 to 9 cm., being longer on the back, the neck, under the belly and behind arms and legs, in addition to the tail plume, whose texture is not as piggy as in the rest of the body. The hair must be piggy, not woolly.
Color: Basically white and always with a well-defined mask. Eventually patches of the same color as the mask unevenly distributed throughout the body, but well marked. Ears always stained. Tricolor specimens or whites are not desirable. Always white ends and ends. The mask must be very concrete and the edges of the spots preferably well defined. Hairline should be as clear as possible, being the white ideal. The most appreciated colors are, in order of preference, pure white or snow white with medium gray spots, deep yellow gold, brown, black, grey silver, Light beige, sand, marbled. Red-yellow spots are not desirable for stains or a yellowish-white background.
Size and weight:
There is no maximum limit in size, always being more valuable, equal proportions, the largest specimens.
Height to the cross:
Minimum limits:
Males: 77 cm.,
females: 72 cm..
However, it is to be hoped that these figures are greatly exceeded. It is considered convenient to exceed the 81 cm males and 75 cm. females.
Fouls:
Any deviation from the aforementioned criteria is considered as a fault and the severity of this is considered to the degree of the deviation to the standard and its consequences on the health and well-being of the dog..
MINOR FAULTS:
Muzzle profiles carried without excess.
Bite in clamp; absence of any premolar.
Distorted and undulating back-lumbar line during march, not in excess.
For something wavy; hair that slightly exceeds 9 cm in the upper line.
Very slight shyness.
SERIOUS FAULTS:
Fragile or lymphatic appearance.
Snout pointed or overly blunt.
Moderate upper prognathism.
Absence of several premolars or canines not due to trauma.
Small incisor lace defects.
Excessive entropy or ectropion.
Amputation in ear.
Upper lines.
Height at the rump significantly higher than the height at the withers.
Tail resting on the rump; tail plumeless; tail not angled at its end; tail docking.
Wrong limbs.
Metacarpus, metatarsals and weak feet in general.
Cow hocks during walking or in season.
Lateral braceos during operation.
Very wavy or curly hair. Hair length slightly less than 6 cm in the upper line or slightly higher than 11 cm.
Discoloration in the ears.
General unbalanced character.
FALTAS DESCALIFICANTES:
Aggressiveness or extreme shyness.
Any dog โโshowing clear signs of physical or behavioral abnormalities must be disqualified..
Depigmented truffle and mucosa.
Split nose.
Excessive undergrowth or undergrowth.
Hair length equal to or less than 4 cm or more 13 cm above the upper line.
Absence of white color, ends and ends not white.
Completely white layer Absence of mask.
Diffuse spots that do not stand out from the background and indicate interbreeding.
N.B.:
Males should have two normal-appearing testicles fully descended into the scrotum..
Only functionally and clinically healthy dogs, with the typical conformation of the breed, should be used for parenting.
Source: F.C.I - International Cynological Federation
Alternative names:
1. Mostรญn d’o Pireneu, Mostรญn, Mostรญn dโAragรณn, Mastรญ dellโAragรณ, Gos ramader, Mastรญn Espaรฑol del Pirineo (English).
2. Mastรญn del Pirineo (French).
3. Mastรญn del Pirineo (German).
4. Mastin d’Argon, Mastรญn del Pirineo (Portuguese).
5. Mastรญn del Pirineo (espaรฑol).
โท The world of Pets: Dogs, cats, birds, reptiles, amphibians
The Spanish Mastiff, He is regarded as the oldest Spanish race.
Content
History
The Spanish Mastiff (also called Leonese Mastiff) is a breed of dog trotting type of large size, originally from Spain where it was abundant in almost the entire country and today is in a particular way in Leรณn, Zamora, Asturias and Cantabria. One of its varieties is the Pyrenean Mastiff.
This is a very old dog and like the other broadcast, descends from the molosser of Tibet (Tibetan Mastiff) He came to Europe via Asia minor.
Theories about the breed maintain that at least four thousand years ago the shepherds who inhabited the peninsula already used them as livestock guard dogs..
The natural resources and climate of the Iberian Peninsula gave rise to transhumance, for which reason, for many centuries the Spanish Mastiff has played the role of protector of flocks, especially from herds of 'merino sheep' whose history is closely linked to that of this dog breed. In some places it is known as the 'merinero dog' because it accompanies the Merino sheep..
The Spanish Mastiff, He is regarded as the oldest Spanish race.
The transhumant wandered through the royal canyons of Leรณn, crossing the Iberian Peninsula from North to South., and the Spanish Mastiff went with them defending the cattle from the attack of the wolf, the dog in addition to with its imposing nature, He had the protection of his abundant jowls as well as carlancas or carranclas, they are a species of thick metal with spiky necklaces.
Videos of the Spanish Mastiff
At the end of the 19th century with the gradual disappearance of the grazing and transhumance, the Spanish Mastiff became 'unnecessary', if we add to that the Spanish Civil War and its consequent period of scarcity and -also- the sharp decline in the number of wolves, as a result we have that this breed of dog was on the verge of extinction.
During that time many specimens of Spanish Mastiff were sacrificed, Some were emasculated and other so many purchased by enthusiasts that breeders, guided more by love of the race than by knowledge, start you a totally disorganized parenting.
After the debacle, fortunately, the recovery of the breed has been achieved though with great difficulty.
The first standard of the Spanish Mastiff was approved by the International Cinological Federation in the year 1946, based on the characteristics of three specimens from central Spain, These specimens were a light type, that still remained in the cattle farms and that were also used for hunting big game, they were of good size, with long legs and her weight was around the 50 kg.
In 1981 a new standard was approved whose main objective was to recover the much larger Mastiff that was used in transhumance livestock.
It is a dog of large size, braquicรฉfalo and mesomorfo. Well proportioned, very powerful and muscular. Big and heavy, with skeleton compact.
There are no exact size limits., but they must be harmonious, in the males expected a height that not is lower to 77 cm. the cross and in the females, not less to 72 cm.. Those are the bare minimum., but always expected greater height.
The head is significantly large, has a crรกneo-hocico relationship of 6:4. If we look at the skull from the top is a square and uniform.
It has eyes small, almond-shaped and hazelnut or chestnut colour.
It has the ears triangular, median, flat and pendants. The legs are long, straight and fitted with good musculature.
The tail, inserted at medium altitude is very thick, flexible and wears it down, arriving at the height of the Hock.
Its the mantle This thick a thick hair hard, semilargo and smooth. The colors the most prized hair are uniforms (or solids), they may be dirty white, leonado, reddish, black, gray wolf, brown. Are also supported in the standard the atigrados, or white spotted robes.
Observations
As it's a race in recovery process, is very difficult to find perfect copies (that is to say, adjusted completely to the standard).
It is not a dog suitable for beginners, but it could be a very rewarding challenge for some enthusiast with the desire to breed a dog with a long history and gigantic potential like the Spanish Mastiff..
Character and skills
The Spanish Mastiff is a rustic dog, loving, tame, noble, very firm and self-confident.
It is generally quiet and affectionate, He is very loyal and devoted to their masters. It is-especially- suitable for children, for those who feel special attraction. As well, usually get along well with other dogs.
Essentially, is a calm and balanced guardian, but it can be very scary if they perceived danger to its owner and properties.
These dogs are very happy living in the open air, and especially given the opportunity for long and quiet walks, that will be necessary if we want our Mastiff to be happy and balanced.
Observations
As we mentioned in the โHistoryโ section, the vicissitudes of the recovery of the race has led to chaos at the beginning of it..., and all that lack of control in the breeding, It has had a direct effect on the character of dog, it is for this reason that today we can find too aggressive specimens, and other, maybe more shy.
Fortunately, the great work which is carrying out the Spanish Association of the Spanish Mastiff Dog, focused on selection in breeding is very hopeful since good results are being obtained, and over time the problem will be eliminated.
– FCI – Pinscher and Schnauzer-Molossoid type dogs – Swiss Mountain Dogs and Cattledogs. Section 2.2 Molossoid, mountain type. โ
– AKC – FSS โ
– UKC – Watchdog โ
FCI breed standard "Spanish Mastiff"
Origin:
Spain
Date of publication of the valid original standard:
26.05.1982
Use:
Nursery and defense. This breed is closely linked to transhumance and especially to merino cattle., whom he accompanied already in times of the Mesta, defending you from the wolf and other predators throughout all your movements and places, grass shelves in different seasons and location zones. Currently accompanies numerous herds, both shelves and transhumants, performing its ancestral function. It also performs the function of guard and defense of farms, people and properties in general.
General appearance:
It is a dog of large size, hypermetric and of medium proportions. Sublongilinear structure. Well proportioned, very powerful and muscular. compact skeleton. Large head and body with semi-long hair. Proportionality and functional harmony must be sought, both static and moving. His bark is hoarse, serious and deep, of great intensity, perceiving yourself at a considerable distance.
IMPORTANT PROPORTIONS: Body length greater than the height at the withers. The ratio of the length of the skull to that of the muzzle should be 3/2
Behavior / temperament:
It is a very intelligent dog, not devoid of beauty; his expression shows both qualities.
Rustic, loving, meek and noble, turns out to be a very firm dog against vermin and strangers, especially when he is defending farms or cattle. In its behavior you can see that it is a self-confident dog., metering of his forces for being aware of his enormous power.
Head:
As a whole: Grand, strong and broad-stem pyramidal. The skull-muzzle set, seen from above, must be square and uniform, and without a very marked diminution between the base of the snout and the temples. Moderately divergent craniofacial lines.
Cranial region:
Skull : Width, strong, sub-convex profile. The width of the skull must be equal to or greater than its length. Accentuated frontal sinuses. Marked occipital Crest.
Depression links (Stop): Soft, little sharp.
facial region:
Truffle: black, wet, big and wide.
Snout: Straight profile. Seen from above it appears moderately rectangular, gradually decreasing towards the truffle, maintaining a conspicuous width. In no case pointed.
Lips: The upper one should widely cover the lower one ; the lower one with detached mucosa forms a very loose lip corner. The mucous membranes must be black.
Jaws / Teeth: Scissor bite. White teeth, strong and healthy. Big fangs, sharp and forming good prey. Strong and powerful molars. Rather small incisors. All premolars exist. Black palate, with very marked ridges.
Eyes: Small in relation to the skull, preferably dark, Hazelnut coloured, watchful eye, noble, sweet and smart, of great severity before a stranger. Thick-skinned eyelids, Pigmented in black. The lower eyelid reveals part of the conjunctiva.
Ears: Mediums and falls, form triangular, plan, inserted above the eye line. At rest they droop and stick to the cheeks, without being too attached to the skull. At attention separated from the face and partially erect in its superior-posterior third. They should not be amputated.
Neck:
Truncated cone, width, strong, muscled, flexible. Thick and detached skin. Widely developed double chin.
Body:
As a whole: Rectangular. Strong and robust, denoting great power, but flexible and agile.
top line: Straight, horizontal, even on the move. Cross: Well marked.
Back: Powerful, musculada.
Pork loin: Long, wide and powerful, narrows as it reaches the ijar.
Rump: Wide and strong. Its inclination is about 45ยฐ in relation to the horizontal.. Elevation to the rump equal to the elevation to the cross.
Breast
: Width, deep, muscular and powerful. The tip of the sternum marked. Ribs with wide intercostal spaces and rounded, not flat. The ratio of height at the withers/minimum thoracic perimeter should be approximately 1/3.
Belly and flanks: Very moderately tucked up belly; the flanks lowered and the flanks very wide.
Tail:
As a whole: Rectangular. Strong and robust, denoting great power, but flexible and agile.
top line: Straight, horizontal, even on the move. Cross: Well marked.
Back: Powerful, musculada.
Pork loin: Long, wide and powerful, narrows as it reaches the ijar.
Rump: Wide and strong. Its inclination is about 45ยฐ in relation to the horizontal.. Elevation to the rump equal to the elevation to the cross.
Breast
: Width, deep, muscular and powerful. The tip of the sternum marked. Ribs with wide intercostal spaces and rounded, not flat. The ratio of height at the withers/minimum thoracic perimeter should be approximately 1/3.
Belly and flanks: Very moderately tucked up belly; the flanks lowered and the flanks very wide.
Tips
PREVIOUS MEMBERS:
As a whole: Perfectly Plumb, straight and parallel viewed from the front. The length of the forearm should be three times that of the metacarpus. Strong bones with powerful pasterns.
Back: Oblique, very muscular. Longer than the forearm. Scapulo-humeral angle close to 100ยฐ.
Arm: Strong, similar in length to the scapula.
Elbow: Well attached to the chest. Humero-radial angle close to 125ยฐ.
Forearm: Strong, perpendicular bone.
Metacarpus: Seen from the side with little inclination. It is practically in continuation of the forearm; bone fort.
Previous feet: Of cat. Tight toes. Strong phalanges, high and well arched. Robust and hard nails and pads. Moderate interdigital membrane with hair.
LATER MEMBERS:
As a whole: Powerful, muscular. Seen from the side suitable angulations in the form of wide articular angles. Correct poise, seen from behind and in profile. Hocks without deviations. They must be able to easily propel the dog, strength and elegance.
Thigh: Strong and muscular. Coxo-femoral angle close to 100ยฐ.
Knee: Femoro-tibial angle close to 120ยฐ Leg: Long, muscular and strong bone. Hock: Open angle, close to 130ยฐ.
Metatarsus: Well marked, with clear appreciation of the tendon. Presence or not of spurs that can be single or double, admitting your amputation.
Hind feet: Of cat. Slightly oval.
Movement:
The preferred way is the trot, it must be harmonious, powerful with no tendency to laterality. Without ambience.
Mantle
SKIN: Elastic, thick, abundant and pinkish, with darker pigmentations. All mucous membranes must be black.
Fur: Bushy, thick, semilargo, smooth, scattered throughout the body to interdigital spaces.
Two types of hair are distinguished, one of coverage on the back and another of protection on the ribs and flanks. Shorter on the limbs and longer and silkier on the tail.
Color: Indeterminate, uniform colors are most appreciated, yellow, leonados, red, blacks, cubs and fawns. Combined colors are also appreciated, p. e.g.. atigrados, peaks and ties.
Size and weight:
There are no maximum size limits, being appreciated within harmonious proportions, the largest specimens.
Height to the cross: Minimum limits:
Male 77cm
females 72 cm..
These lifts of wishes are largely overcome, being convenient to pass the males 80 cm and females 75 cm..
Fouls:
Males should have two normal-appearing testicles fully descended into the scrotum..
Only functionally and clinically healthy dogs, with the typical conformation of the breed, should be used for parenting.
Any deviation from the aforementioned criteria is considered as a fault and the severity of this is considered to the degree of the deviation to the standard and its consequences on the health and well-being of the dog..
MINOR FAULTS
Carried muzzle profiles, without excess.
Bite in clamp; absence of any premolar.
Weak dorso-lumbar line, distorted and undulating during the march.
Metacarpus, metatarsals and weak feet, not in excess.
Shyness, not overly accented.
SERIOUS FAULTS:
Exaggerated fragile or lymphatic appearance.
Pointed snout.
Moderate upper prognathism.
Absence of several premolars or canines if not due to trauma.
Excessive entropy or ectropion.
Ear amputation.
Tail resting on the rump.
Saddled dorso-lumbar line.
Height at the rump significantly higher than the height at the withers.
Tail docking.
Wrong limbs: weak or deviant.
Cow hocks, during the march or in station.
Lateral braceos during operation.
Wavy hair, curly or excessively long.
Unbalanced character, excessive shyness, cowardice or exaggerated aggressiveness.
FALTAS DESCALIFICANTES:
Aggressiveness or extreme shyness.
Any dog โโshowing clear signs of physical or behavioral abnormalities must be disqualified..
Aggressive or fearful dog.
Light eyes accompanied by truffle or depigmented mucosa.
Split nose.
Any degree of lower prognathism; excessive upper prognathism.
light eyes.
N.B.:
Males should have two normal-appearing testicles fully descended into the scrotum..
Only functionally and clinically healthy dogs, with the typical conformation of the breed, should be used for parenting.
Source: F.C.I - International Cynological Federation
Alternative names:
1. Spanish mastiff, Mastรญn espaรฑol de campo y trabajo, Mastรญn ganadero, Mastรญn Leonรฉs, Mastรญn Extremeรฑo (English).
2. Mastin Leones (French).
3. Spanischer Mastiff, Mastรญn aus Leรณn (mastรญn leonรฉs), Mastรญn der Extremadura (mastรญn extremeรฑo), Mastรญn der Mancha (mastรญn manchego) (German).
4. Mastรญn espaรฑol (Portuguese).
5. Mastรญn Leonรฉs, mastรญn espaรฑol de campo y trabajo, mastรญn ganadero (espaรฑol).