The Cavalier King Charles spaniel it is small, loving and playful.
Content
History Cavalier King Charles Spaniel
The little ones “Spaniels” have been popular companion dogs for hundreds of years. They were found in royal courts and noble houses in Spain (where does the name of the Spaniel), France, England and Scotland, and they were often featured in portraits of their owners. A Scottish Stuarts were especially fond of dogs. Maria, Queen of Scots, she had a toy spaniel by her side when she was executed, to the same as their offspring, King Charles I of England. It was Carlos and his son Carlos II who lent their names to the dogs that eventually became known as the Cavalier King Charles Spaniel.
The popularity of the toy Spaniels began to decline after a new king, Guillermo, replace Jaime II (Stuart also) on the throne of England. William was the Netherlands, and favored the Pug. People began to cross the Pug and Spaniels, and eventually he changed his appearance, becoming flatter with a domed head. Dogs like those seen in old portraits practically disappeared, except for a few lines here and there, such as guarding the Churchill family at Blenheim Palace.
The dogs might have faded into the past except for one Roswell Eldridge, a wealthy American who offered a prize to anyone who could produce a dog like the ones he had seen in 17th and 18th century paintings.
New Spaniels
British breeders accepted the challenge and rebuilt race, working with him English Toy Spaniel long-nosed (called King Charles Spaniels in England). The first of the “new” Spaniels was exhibited in 1928 Crufts Dog Show in. Unfortunately, Eldridge did not live long enough to see, but his estate paid the prize. Since then, the Cavalier has evolved into what it is today: a robust and very popular companion, combining the curiosity of a hunting dog with the affection of a toy dog ​​by people.
The Cavalier ranks 23rd among breeds registered by the American Kennel Club, vs. 54th for the year 2000. This is one of the biggest jumps in popularity in the last decade..
Physical characteristics
Various health issues affect this particular breed, especially the mitral valve disease, leading to heart failure. This will appear in most Cavalier King Charles spaniel at some point in their lives and is the most common cause of death. As well, a high number of specimens usually have a genetic condition called Syringomyelia, which causes the brain to grow in greater proportion than the skull of the dog, i.e. the brain remains tight inside the skull causing havoc neuronal causing severe pain to the animal and uncontrollable tremors.
The measures vary between the different canine federations of the world. But there is a certain consensus that allows us to get an idea of the standard.
The eyes are large, round, well separated in the face. dark brown. The ears are placed high on the head, well separated, they are long with many fringes and moderately long hair (pen). Snout and bite: Slightly cropped. Length of the base of the stop to the tip of the nose must be of a 3,8 cm.. It prefers the Scissor bite. The tail has moderated with long fringe hair length (well defined pen). It keeps it behind the body, rarely higher than the back. It is always her moving when it is in action.
The height at the cross or the shoulders is of 30 to 33 cm and the weight of 4,5 to 8,2 kg.
The life expectancy of a Cavalier King Charles spaniel is of 11 to 12 years. Although there have been documented several cases that have managed to live until the 16 years.
The mantle is composed of soft hair, silky, of moderate length. It may be slightly hondeado. Should not cut you and has to be brushed frequently.
The colors of the mantle of this breed are basically four: Blenheim, Tricolor, ruby, Black and Brown.
Blenheim: base is White Pearl with well-defined chestnuts marks. The ears are the chestnut.
Tricolor: base is White Pearl with well defined black markings. The ears are black. On the eyes, cheeks, inside the ears and at the bottom of the tail is brown.
ruby: The solid reddish brown color is called a ruby.. Is considered a lack if you have white markings.
Black and Brown: is basic black with Brown markings above the eyes, cheeks, inside of the ears, on the chest, at the bottom of the tail and legs. Is considered a lack if you have white markings.
Character and skills
The Cavalier King Charles spaniel it is small, loving and playful. The typical Cavalier is always happy, confident and carefree, friend of everyone you know. True to its heritage “protective dogs”, to the Cavaliers they love to be on a lap.
The temperament of Cavalier goes from sweet and placid to tough and stubborn. Sweet and placid Cavaliers sometimes have the reputation of being fools, and stubborn for not being trainable, but in general, These dogs are intelligent and learn quickly. They respond well to positive reinforcement techniques, especially when they offered food rewards, but the harsh words will leave them or even try to hide. One Cavalier should never be shy or aggressive towards people or other dogs.
The Cavalier King Charles spaniel, ranks 44 on Stanley Coren's list of "The intelligence of dogs”.
The Cavaliers they live to be with their people. Dogs generally love children and do well in families with older children who throw them a ball, They teach them tricks or just hang out with them. But, due to its small size, the Cavaliers must be protected from clumsy young children who may fall on them or “fondle” too hard.
Some things to know about Cavaliers:
They love to lick, love to chase moving objects (especially Feathered) and can be manipulative when they want food (those eyes!). It is difficult or impossible to stop these behaviors, so it is necessary to find a way to avoid, how to keep the dog always tied in the cities and be firm when the Cavaliers wants to share the fries.
The Cavaliers is not perfect. any dog, no matter how pleasant it, You may develop obnoxious barking levels, digging and other undesirable behavior if you are bored, untrained or unsupervised.
Training of the Cavalier King Charles Spaniel
Start training your puppy the day you bring him home. Even at eight weeks old, He is able to absorb everything that can be taught. Don't wait until you have 6 months to start training or have to deal with more stubborn dog. If possible, Take it to a trainer so that when it is between 10 and 12 weeks old is a sociable dog. But, Note that many kinds of training puppies require certain vaccinations (such as kennel cough) stay up to date, and many vets recommend limited exposure to other dogs and public places until puppy vaccinations have been completed (including rabies, distemper and parvovirus).
Instead of formal training, you can start training your puppy at home and socialize with family and friends until immunizations are completed for puppies.
Talk to the breeder, Describe exactly what you want in a dog and ask for help choosing a puppy. Breeders see the puppies daily and can make amazingly precise recommendations once they know something about their lifestyle and personality.
Images “Cavalier King Charles spaniel”
Videos “Cavalier King Charles spaniel”
Characteristics “Cavalier King Charles spaniel”
Coexistence is important that you have with your new friend. Before considering the acquisition of a dog of the breed "Cavalier King Charles spaniel" you know certain factors. Not all breeds of dogs are apt to live in an apartment, you must take into account his character, their need for exercise, their interaction with other pets, their care and if you have small children, their level of tolerance towards them.
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Breeders of the breed "Cavalier King Charles spaniel"
Type and recognitions:
FCI CLASSIFICATION:
Group :
Section : . .
Federations:
– FCI – Group 9: Section 7: English Toy Spaniels ⓘ
– AKC – Toyⓘ
– ANKC – Group 1 (Toy) ⓘ
– CKC – Group 5 – (Toy) ⓘ
– KC – Toy ⓘ
– NZKC – Toyⓘ
– UKC – Group 8 – Companion dog ⓘ
FCI breed standard "Cavalier King Charles spaniel"
The Chihuahua It is considered the smallest breed in the world; receives the name of the largest state of the Mexican Republic (Chihuahua), where it is supposed to have lived in the wild and was captured and domesticated by the indigenous people during the time of civilization “Tolteca”; pigmy figures of a dog called “Techichi”, who lived in Tula, They were included in the decoration of its architecture which were very similar to the current Chihuahua.
There is a belief in some countries that the dog gave the name to the state of Chihuahua since the word “Chihuahua” means “arid and sandy place” in Rarámuri, language of the Tarahumara people. Although it is known as Chihuahua, the official name of the race is Chihuahueño, Chihuahua is the name adopted in United States for the race.
Some experts say dogs were among the first native dogs of the Americas, others that were brought to the New World after the Spanish conquest of Mexico. Others believe that small dogs may have originated as miniaturized versions of pariah dogs, the vague brown dogs with pointed ears that result when dogs are left to breed on their own without color selection or other specific characteristics. In any case, race takes its name from the state of Chihuahua, where American tourists at the end of the nineteenth century first found tiny canines.
Chihuahuas were brought to United States by American visitors who visited the North of Mexico and, later, presented at trade fairs Canófilas where they became known to worldwide.
The Chihuahua we know today was developed by American breeders. The first Chihuahua recorded by the American Kennel Club, in 1904, It was called Midget. Chihuahua Club of America was formed in 1923. Today, The Chihuahua ranks 13th among the breeds registered by the AKC.
Physical characteristics
The AKC (American Kennel Club) It recognizes two varieties of Chihuahua: long hair and short hair. Many short-haired Chihuahua have very fine hair, but others have a very dense and thick hair. Standards of breeding this dog not generally specify a height, only a weight and a description of its overall proportions. As a result, height varies more than within any other race.
Usually, the height range is between 15 and 25 cm to the cross. However, some dogs grow up the 30 to 38 cm.. AKC show dogs should weigh no more than 2,7 kg; the FCI standards mark dogs must weigh between 1,5 and 3 kg, Although most small dogs are acceptable in the show.
But, the quality pet Chihuahua (that is, those bred or purchased as companions rather than show dogs) can, and they achieve greater weight, until 4,5 kg or more if they have a skeletal structure that allows them to being overweight. This does not mean they are not purebred Chihuahuas, It only means that the requirements do not have to enter a display. Larger sized chihuahuas are seen equally in the best and worst bloodlines..
Usually their teeth are double, This demonstrates the purity of the breed.
Chihuahuas can have many colors, from solid black to white solid, spotted, or in a range of colors including Fawn (coffee), chocolate, blue (grey), Silver, tricolor (chocolate, blue, black or white with Brown and white markings), with lines, and speckled. Each of these colors varies in shades and intensities, coffee may be a term to describe a dog from a cream very pale to dark brown (almost Red), or any key within this range of colours.
Character and skills
The Chihuahua They are prized for their devotion and personality. Its state of alert, intelligence and size make them adaptable to a variety of environments, including the city and small departments, and usually live fifteen years or more. While often it considered the chihuahua as weak and fragile, correct training and socialization can result in an excellent companion animal.
The Chihuahua also have a reputation for being spoiled and impregnable, but that is often because people no effort to train. Chihuahuas are like any other dog I: They need consistent rules and structure if they will learn effectively.
Many chihuahua focus their devotion on one person, putting too jealous of human relationships of this person, This can be mitigated through proper socialization. The Chihuahua tend to have a nature of clans, preferring the company of other Chihuahuas over other dogs.
As well, important to take into account, These toddlers, They seem to have no concept of its size, and they may face other larger animals, which can cause damage and injury to our pet...
Health
Many Chihuahuas are sensitive to cold due to their small body size.. Chihuahua owners often dress their dogs in coats in cold weather, but for this, There is to get them, because if you do not, do not leave place fabrics above.
This breed requires a veterinary expert in areas such as development and care dental care. Chihuahuas tend to have genetic abnormalities, usually neurological, as epilepsy, strokes. Like other Toy breeds, They also tend to have dislocation of knee.
Another genetic abnormality in Chihuahuas and other Toy breeds is hydrocephalus, or water on the brain. This condition appears in young puppies and usually results in the death of the puppy, as much, six months of age. It is thought that this disease is diagnosed because the puppy has an abnormally large head during the first months of life, but other symptoms are more noticeable (because "a big head" is a very vague description). Chihuahua puppies showing hydrocephalus They have patched skulls plates rather than solid bone, and are typically lethargic and do not grow at the same rate as their siblings. A true case of Hydrocephalus can be diagnosed by a veterinarian, Although the prognosis is grim.
However some chihuahua may have what is called 'molera or fontanelle', and it is completely natural and accepted for race, which is a small hole in the head where they do not have bone, only skin and hair. The Chihuahua is the only breed of dog that is born with an incomplete skull.. The fontanelle It closes with age, but it requires great care during the first six months until the skull is fully formed.
Chihuahua tend to ocular infections, due to its large, round, protruding eyes and their relative proximity to the ground.
Chihuahuas can also be born with a liver defect known as portosystemic shunt, in which blood is diverted from the liver. This can cause a buildup of toxins in the body of the dog, stunted growth and can be fatal if not corrected with surgery.
The speckled chihuahua coloring, or parents with such coloration descendants tend to a number of additional complications of health. The mottled coloration is a carrier of other possible and severe ocular conditions and blindness, deafness, Hemophilia, sterility, and other medical conditions. Buyers who own or want to buy a speckled chihuahua should do some research on possible health conditions of this coloration.
The pregnancy of a Chihuahua, hard 2 months and the offspring measure between 3 cm to 5 cm..
Chihuahuas are omnivores, and you must be careful in providing an adequate and balanced nutrition. At the same time, be careful in not supercharge this small breed. Chihuahua overweight tend to have problems with ligaments, tracheal collapse, chronic bronchitis, and shortening of life expectancy.
Some potential buyers looking for extremely small animals; very small dogs, in any way, are false. You can be sick, or malnourished, or, If you are healthy, may suffer from short lifespans and health problems due to extreme dwarfism. They are not normally used for breeding, and may require special care. Some breeders chihuahua, they try to intentionally raise very small animals, and they increase the prices of smaller dogs, or specifically advertise very small animals. Most reputable breeders disapprove such practices, noting that it is difficult to predict the adult size of a puppy, and citing other problems discussed earlier.
In practice there has been an increase in people wanting to have a Chihuahua Pocket rejecting common size, This has changed the traditional pattern of raising this breed start doing that through the selection of specimens to breed chihuahua focusing on the size and eliminate the problems of a puppy that was born visibly smaller than others, many breeders reject this practice but it is a fact that the popularity of the “Pocket Chihuahua” has come to stay...
The tiny mouths often mean that there is no room for proper development of teeth. It is essential that a veterinary chihuahua receive regular dental care, and you may need to draw him some teeth to make room for proper development of the rest of the teeth in the mouth.
The Chihuahueno “Deer head” is the original Mexican Chihuahua, He was abroad where changed his appearance through crossing with other breeds, That is when its general appearance begins to change, now with a more prominent head and a stockier body, and it is precisely abroad where, by establishing the racial norm of the breed, this type of modified Chihuahua is established as the “standard” When is the original the type “deer” and even went beyond the damage to the original race to disqualify the type “deer” and qualify as one “abnormality”.
This “abnormality” is more popular than any Canófila Federation would like to accept.
“Deer” or “Deer head” These are terms that are used sometimes to describe copies of Chihuahua that does not have the standard appearance of the “Apple head” of the race. These terms are not official.
The Deer heads They are not admitted for competition, they are disqualified, they are not for sale.
The “Nano Chihuahua” term used in the United States are chihuahua that are described with head up, and a very long nose, is not something natural, they are like this because they suffered a deformation in the bones due to malnutrition, These terms are not official, and prohibited the sale of the “Nano Chihuahua”. Those that are accepted are Chihuahua “Apple heads”
The life of the chihuahua usually up to 15 years of age. The more small are dogs more life they have. Their life expectancy depends first of all of their food (It is necessary, good quality and which have no obesity). Example: Not offer cookies, fat, chocolates, sweet, bread, pork and, much less, chicken bones to chew it becomes small needles, and they stuck in its body until his death. Not to give anything of great food, simply their respective croquettes or latitas for small breeds.
Reproduction
The sexual cycle of the dog is, in comparison with the rest of the domestic animals, is unique in many ways, now that the time lag between periods of estrus (5-7 months) It is very long in proportion to the time of gestation (62 days), and ovulation occurs only once (but in several days) by zeal.
The sexual cycle is divided in 4 stages:
PROESTRO: have an average duration of 3-15 days. External manifestations are increasing the volume of the vulva, Vulvar blood loss and male attraction. At this stage the dog does not support mounting of the male.
ESTRO: popularly known as period of ZEAL. It has a duration of 3 to 10 days. The vulva is enlarged, There is a reduction of losses vulvar and attraction of male: It is at this time when ovulation occurs, mounting of the male and gestation.
DIESTRO: (of 110 to 140 days): This period includes the gestation, childbirth and lactation if occurred fertilization and the regression to normal tissues if not occurred.
ANESTRO (of 150 to 250 days): now there are no external signs and is the ideal for all kinds of interventions (ovary hysterectomy).
So that, ovulation takes place during the mating season and it's a spontaneous ovulation. Most often it is between the day 10 and 14 the beginning of zeal, Although in less of 1 minute can be confirmed with a vaginal smear performed by a veterinarian.
Pregnancy in the bitch has a duration of 58 to 63 days. The normal delivery period ranges from 5 and 24 hours, and alghourscasos, mainly if they are first-time, the time may be extended until 36 hours.
The delivery mechanism is divided into three phases:
The first phase corresponds to the opening and relaxation of the cervix for the exit of the puppies.. The female trembles, Pant and may vomit. The vulvar lips thicken and a yellowish-white viscous liquid escapes from the lower corner.. You can see uterine contractions, but always of weak intensity. go in circles, recuesta in soil, and does not want to eat or drink (Although some females show a voracious appetite).
The dog chooses a quiet, dark place, and he prepares his paridera breaking rags and materials; It is desirable to provide elements so that you can make this work, more usual is the role of journal. Nothing should bother to her around.
The second phase is the expulsion of the puppies. The female is lying in position on one side, with the face directed towards your abdomen and contractions begin each 2 or 3 minutes, with great effort.
Grooming
Chihuahuas have two types of hair:
smooth and long. The Chihuahuas smooth They carry a velvety coat, bright and tight and have a collar – an area hair thicker and longer – around the neck. Coverage have little hair on the head and ears. The tail should be hairy, not naked. Brush them weekly with a rubber glove or soft bristle brush to remove dead hair and keep their skin and coat healthy.
The Long haired chihuahua It is the product of a recessive gene, which means that a puppy must have the gene from both parents to express long hair, so it is not seen in litters as often as smooth. The long, soft fur is flat or slightly curly, and the dog has a collar around the neck, fringed ears, feathers on the legs and a tail plumed. Hair from the rest of the body is almost as soft as soft straight hair Chihuahua. The long-haired Chihuahua are beautiful, and they are easy to comb, but the hair falls are seasonal.
Long robe brushing with soft bristle brush once or twice a week. Use a stainless steel comb to remove tangles of hair ears, legs and tail.
If brush to the faithful chihuahua, should not need frequent baths. But, If you spend much time on your couch or in bed, there is nothing wrong with bathing as often as twice a week. Use a mild shampoo made for dogs and dry it well so it doesn't get cold. Never let it sit and dry to the outdoors.
Keep clean your big ears chihuahua with a solution recommended by your veterinarian. Do not use cotton swabs within the ear; They can push dirt deeper. Laa orejaa clean with a cotton ball, I never deeper than the first knuckle of your finger.
Cut off nails regularly, usually every two weeks. They should never be so long that hear smacking on the floor.
Characteristics "Chihuahua"
Coexistence is important that you have with your new friend. Before considering the acquisition of a dog of the breed "Chihuahua" you know certain factors. Not all breeds of dogs are apt to live in an apartment, you must take into account his character, their need for exercise, their interaction with other pets, their care and if you have small children, their level of tolerance towards them.
Adaptation ⓘ
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Home ⓘ
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Images “Chihuahua”
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credits:
1. triplet chihuahua by Caterinarufo / Public domain
2. Chihuahua by https://www.pexels.com/es-es/foto/animal-chihuahua-mascota-ojos-50718/
3. Chihuahua by https://pxhere.com/es/photo/60641
4. Blue merle chihuahua by Nuclearblitz12 / CC BY-SA
5. Chihuahua by https://www.pexels.com/photo/photo-of-tan-chihuahua-1048236/
6. A Chihuahua protecting its bone by David Shankbone / CC BY
7. standard chihuahua by Caterinarufo / Public domain
8. Buddy the Chihuahua by Jean G – HTTPS://www.flickr.com/photos/whatjeanlikes/
9. Chihuahua by https://www.pxfuel.com/es/free-photo-xzmeb
The Poodle is a CF dog, joyful, Nice, curious and intelligent.
Content
History
The Poodle is a breed of dog, from the fifteenth century to the present day, It is considered to be of exclusive use for the luxury of the aristocrats and nobles. Known for its woolly and curly coat, There are four varieties: Grand, Medium-, Dwarf and Toy.
Until the Renaissance, This was a collector of water dog, they retrieved the already hunted prey that had fallen into the water, such as ducks and swans.
In each language, the poodle Gets a different name:
English:Poodle, French Poodle
French:Caniche, Chien Canard
German:Pudel
Italian:Barbone Nano, Barboncino
Spanish:Caniche
From France, the Poodle is a descendant of Barbet, original German swamp; and in the middle ages, He was assigned to tumble as duck or goose birds hunting, so it was selected for characteristics such as its adaptability to boggy terrain and its resistance to water, What makes this breed, along with others are called water dogs.
From the 16th century, the poodles began to be famous for her beauty and intelligence, especially in various circus performances and works of art by various authors as Albrecht Dürer and Francisco de Goya. In the times of Louis XVI of France, their presence in the French court was already very common..
By changes in taste in its appearance, during the 19th century the protection of the fur that was scorned, until then, had the function of protecting him from hypothermia, What stylists began to create various courts such as the British Montano and the Continental. For the poodle newborns, began the custom of amputate the tail.
The Franco-Prussian War began the dissemination of the race as such, intended for millionaires and aristocrats. In the 20th century, only dominated the giant variety, Therefore, later, with the approval of the Canine Associations —such as the Kennel Club— the Standard varieties emerged. (low diffusion from 1792), Miniature (1911) and Toy (1957). In the final years of the 20th century, the hybrid race emerged “Labrapoodles” (combination of Poodleand with Labrador).
Did you know??
These canines curly hair are often considered the national dog of France, although the breed originated in Germany.
Physical characteristics
The four varieties of Poodle:
Poodle large:
Is believed to be the original variety of which emerged the other varieties, through crossings to reduce the size. The height at the withers varies from 45 to 60 cm., is supported 2 cm over, provided that the copy keep proportions. Y, they weigh around 30 kg.
Medium Poodle (or standard):
This type of poodle is perhaps, the less well known, and at the same time the more quiet. Measures of 36 to 44 Cross cm, and as in all sizes, just accept the plain colors in fur. The weight is commensurate with its size.
Miniature Poodle:
This variety has a height to the cross 28 to 35 cm.. You have to look like a medium-sized Caniche, but smaller and show no signs of dwarfism. As in the larger varieties, they are judged grouped by colors.
Toy Poodle:
The variety has a height of between 24 and 28 centimeters at the withers or height, provided that the proportions are maintained and that they do not present any symptoms of dwarfism. Are judged all together colors.
Depending on your health, a miniature poodle lives on average 14,8 years; one Toy 14,4 years; a medium Poodle also 14,4 years, and a Large Poodle live media 13,5 years. Although these data are quite accurate, It is not uncommon to see poodle small, of more than 18 years, or even of 20.
In the exhibitions held under the rules of the FCI, copies of black, White and Brown are judged in the same group to obtain the CACIB. The same applies to copies of grey, Apricot and Red; the best of each of these groups becomes a final judgment to determine the best copy of the variety.
For your care, Peel according to your style, requiring a dog hairdresser. Accepted the hair in the form of long-haired head, ears and neck, including legs. They do not loose too much hair and health must clean the eyes and ears. They should be washed with some frequency. The care of the fur is unconditional in this breed, so it is necessary to wash with exclusive dog shampoo and in no case with human shampoo, that damages the skin of the Caniche because it causes you to lose the natural oil that has in its hair and, in the long run, brings complications.
Their care has to be very guarded, because due to his long-haired Kale, thick and woolly, of a single type of hair, It can tangle with ease. They require cepillados every week (without going).
The baths should be monthly (It is not advisable or necessary to abuse these) with moisturizing shampoos and masks. It has to be dried with a dryer and never air. They are dogs that after the silent main hair puppy to adult not move almost hair and are nearly hypoallergenic.
There are many types of court, but students admitted for exhibition: Continental, Continental American, Scandinavian and Puppy Clip. The Court will be based on the structure of the dog and the taste of exhibitor or owner, the most widely used is the American Continental.
Apart from the common poodle, There is also the variety Cordelé, taking this more curly hair and being able to display in the form of strings as the Puli.
Health Poodles
Not all of these diseases affect standard poodles, but the conditions that can generally occur in poodles include the following:
Addison's disease and Cushing's syndrome are two sides of the same coin. In dogs with Addison's disease, the adrenal glands produce insufficient amount of the hormone cortisol. Dogs become lethargic, intolerant and depressed stress, and may have digestive problems. Some dogs may have an acute crisis, requiring hospitalization. The lifelong treatment involves the administration of drugs.
In dogs with Cushing's syndrome, the adrenal glands produce too much cortisol. Symptoms include weight gain, gasps, excessive thirst and hunger, bladder infections and urinating in the house but the dog has been previously trained. Cushing's disease is usually controlled with medication for life, but sometimes surgery is necessary.
Another hormonal problem seen in poodles is hypothyroidism (An inappropriate thyroid hormone). Symptoms include weight gain, loss of hair, lack of resistance to disease, excessive hunger and heat seeking. Normally supplements prescribed thyroid hormone to control the condition.
Progressive retinal atrophy (ARP) is an eye disease that can eventually lead hereditary blindness. Standard other potential eye problems in poodles and toy are cataracts and glaucoma. Poodles can also be affected by von Willebrand's disease (a disorder of blood clotting).
Although all Poodles, regardless of size, They are the same “race”, They not all have the same health problems. Poodles toy and miniature poodles share many common health problems for smaller breeds of dogs, as kneecaps that easily out of place (You dislocated kneecaps), breathing difficulties caused by a collapse of the trachea and dental problems due to the overcrowding of teeth within their small mouths.
The Toy Poodles can also suffer Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease, which causes a reduction of the blood supply to the head of the bone of the thigh, causing degradation. The first sign of this disease is lameness, that usually appears when the puppy has to 4 to 6 months of age. Treatment is surgical, after which the puppy can lead a relatively normal life apart from a greater chance of developing arthritis.
Standard Poodles, like many large breeds deep chest, They have an increased risk of swelling, also known as gastric dilation volvulus, a life-threatening condition in which the stomach twists on itself, trapping air inside. Swell dogs require immediate veterinary care and, usually, surgery to correct the problem. Since most dogs that swell once swell again, the surgeon may also recommend a procedure known as “turn of the stomach” or gastropexia, as a preventive measure.
A skin problem that can affect the toy poodles and standard is the sebaceous adenitis, an inflammation of the sebaceous glands that causes hair loss and skin problems. It can be diagnosed with a skin biopsy, but the effectiveness of treatment varies.
Hip dysplasia is an orthopedic problem beginning at puppyhood. Is a malformation and poor fit of the joint of the ball and socket hip. It may be a minor problem or life-altering disability. Treatment can range from something as simple as daily medication to major surgery., even a hip replacement.
Last, Standard Poodles have a higher incidence of certain cancers, including insulinoma and hemangiosarcoma, compared to some other breeds.
Not all of these conditions are detectable on a growing puppy, and it can be difficult to predict whether an animal will be free of these diseases, so it is necessary to find a reputable breeder who commit to raise healthier animals possible. Must be able to produce an independent certification that the parents of the dog (and grandparents, etc.) have been screened for these defects and considered healthy for breeding. That's where health records come in..
Careful breeders screen their breeding dogs for genetic diseases and breed only the healthiest and best looking dogs, but sometimes Mother Nature has other ideas and a puppy develops one of these diseases despite good husbandry practices. Advances in veterinary medicine mean that in most cases dogs can still live a good life.
Character and skills
Intelligent, loving, legal and naughty, those are the four words that the poodle enthusiasts describe the personality and character of this breed.
Despite his actual appearance, the poodle has a playful side, likes to interact with their owners, tends to be very friendly with people and always likes to please.
If we combine his legendary intelligence with its sociability gives as a result a dog highly entrenable.
A poodle, you have been taught canine manners, will have a quiet character, especially if you exercise regularly to burn off your natural energy.
The poodle is a protective dog that will not hesitate to use its bark when a stranger approaches its home., and although he is affectionate with the family, can take you some time socializing with other people.
An outstanding feature of the poodle is their intelligence (occupies the position No. 2 on classification of intelligence dog breeds by Stanley Coren).
It is often said that they have a human intelligence, an incredible cunning that amazes its owners. Of course, smart dogs can be tricky. They learn fast, both the bad and good habits
Basics of grooming poodles
The toilet is an important consideration in Poodles. Fine and curly coat that worked well when the Poodle spent his time in the water needs to be trimmed regularly, normally every 6 u 8 weeks, depending on the preferences of its owner. It easily fits and requires regular brushing at home, even with a professional grooming. If left untrimmed, coat will curl naturally strings, although some people prefer that aspect.
Dental care is important, particularly for Poodles Toys and Miniatures. Keep the much brushing her teeth with toothpaste approved by the vet pet and making a veterinarian make regular dental checkups.
Trim nails as needed, usually every week or two. They should not be so long that you can hear the click on the ground.
Characteristics "Poodle"
Coexistence is important that you have with your new friend. Before considering the acquisition of a dog of the breed "Poodle" you know certain factors. Not all breeds of dogs are apt to live in an apartment, you must take into account his character, their need for exercise, their interaction with other pets, their care and if you have small children, their level of tolerance towards them.
The Coton de Tulear is very playful, to the point that the standard describes it by saying that “sometimes he's a bit of a clown”.
Content
History
The Coton de Tulear He is originally from the port city of Tulear, in southern Madagascar (currently Toliara).
Its exact origins are unknown., but it probably descends in part from the Bichon. The latter was fashionable in the sixteenth century, and many people kept dogs of this breed as pets or to hunt rats.
The ancestors of Coton de Tulear they could be, Therefore, Bichons owned by French settlers in Madagascar or by sailors, merchants or pirates, who used them to hunt rats on board. A popular half legend of the island speaks of the Bichons accompanied the ladies on a boat and survived the shipwreck.
In any case, These Bichons would have interbred naturally with the Terriers local, giving rise to a new breed of dog described at the time as almost wild and living by hunting.
Later, natural selection worked its way into a living dog, very adaptable and resistant.
From the seventeenth century, These little dogs were domesticated and adopted by the “Merinas”, one of the island's ethnic groups, and more specifically for its nobility.
at the end of the century, the French nobility settled in the colony of Fort-Dauphin (created in 1643) took hold of this new breed, baptized then as “Royal Dog of Madagascar”, coming to enact laws that prohibited commoners from owning them and jealously guarding them on the island.
Like this, the Cotón remained isolated and unknown to the rest of the world for several centuries, time during which it developed remarkable specificities, starting with the fur that gave it its current name. Dense and cottony, protects you from both the cold nights and the heat of the Malagasy days.
Thus appeared the Coton de Tulear what we know today, obviously related to the different Bichons (Havanese, Maltese, Bolognese and above all Bichon Frise, the closest to him).
Madagascar gained its independence in 1960. Tourists, more and more numerous and mostly French, they began to discover the paradisiacal landscapes of the island and their funny puppy so affectionate. A handful adopted them and brought them to France, where they were immediately successful. But, it was not until the following decade when it was possible to speak of export on a larger scale.
During the Decade of 1960, Madagascar had to face multiple economic and political problems, as well as natural disasters. Concerned about these events, Malagasy paid less attention to their national dog, and the breeders of Coton de Tulear gradually moved away from the breed standard. That's how it was until the years 70, when it began to be known also outside of France. But this knowledge - and recognition- followed two different paths: the european and american way.
The spread of Coton de Tulear in Europe
In 1970, Louis Petit, then president of the Société Canine de Madagascar, requested the FCI (International Cynological Federation) the recognition of Coton de Tulear. So a new standard was set and presented to the institution, and the process was successful: the FCI recognized the breed that year. Later, the FCI standard was revised in 1987, 1995 and 1999.
The FCI designated France as the depository of the breed standard, in view of the problematic situation in Madagascar and the difficulty of creating hatcheries on the island. Automatically recognized by the SCC (Central Canine Society), the Coton de Tulear was assigned to 1977 to the Club Français du Chihuahua et des Chiens Exotiques.
France then definitely launched into breeding, breed selection and promotion, under the direction of the FCI. The Cotón began to be exported from France to the rest of Europe and beyond, and France soon had the best specimens, something that continues to happen to a large extent today.
The first Coton de Tulear exported to Europe bore the letters TI (Initial Holder) in their name to indicate that they were original Cotons, that is to say, that his parents were born on the island.
Wherever i went, this happy and carefree puppy won hearts. This was especially true in the UK, where the prestigious British Kennel Club recognized the breed in 1990. Although not one of the most popular breeds there, it is becoming more popular, at around 400 births registered with the organization every year: This figure was three times lower in the early 1990s. 2010.
In France, the number of entries in the Livre des Origines Français (LOF) increased dramatically over the years 80, going from a few dozen a year at the beginning of the decade to more than 1.000 at the end. The trend continued after, with, for example, the crossing of the 1.500 annual births in 1995 and that of the 2.000 ten years later. Since the second half of the second decade of the 21st century, a small drop has been observed., with an annual figure closer to 1.700.
The spread of Coton de Tulear in United States
The French were not the only ones interested in the Coton de Tulear. At the same time it spread through Europe through France, an American biologist who studied lemurs in Madagascar, The doctor. Robert Jay Russell, met him in 1973 and imported the first copies to the United States. The following year, in turn established a breed standard based on the direct descendants of imported individuals, and different from the FCI. In 1976, founded the Coton de Tulear Club of America (CTCA).
Although appreciated, the breed remained - and remains today- much more confidential in North America than in Europe. National canine authorities took longer to recognize the breed: was not up 1996 for the United Kennel Club (UKC) and up 2014 for the American Kennel Club (AKC).
But, several breed fan clubs were formed, some of which developed their own standards. The result is that there are now no fewer than four different standards for the Coton de Tulear in United States:
UKC standard, followed by NACA (North America Coton Association) ;
The FCI standard (or standard “European”), developed in France and recognized by the ACC (American Cotton Club);
The standard USACTC (The United States of America Coton de Tulear Club), which became the AKC standard;
The standard mCTCA (Madagascar Coton de Tulear Club of America, which replaced the one created by Robert Jay Russell in 1974), and followed by the MCPC (Malagasy Coton Preservation Club).
The differences between these standards are mainly based on two characteristics: color and size. These may include, the MCPC allows a larger size and multiple colors, whereas the FCI standard only allows dogs totally - or almost totally- white and smaller.
But, the breed remains relatively small in the country, occupying the position 80 (of something less than 200) in the ranking of the most popular breeds according to the number of annual registrations in the AKC.
The situation of Coton de Tulear in Madagascar
Although he was named the island's official dog, of which it is the only endemic dog breed, not many left Coton de Tulear in Madagascar. In fact, was a victim of its success in the years 80: a puppy bought from 500 francs in Madagascar were sold ten times more expensive in France. Like this, most newborns were exported.
The situation of the breed in its country of origin today seems like a field of ruins. The number of hatcheries Coton de Tulear in Madagascar it is very low and the quality is not usually the same. In the best case, their dogs show little homogeneity and are quite far from the standard; in the worst case, have major defects and major health problems, because some breeders work exclusively on inbreeding. The Coton de Tulear they are also found in families as pets or on the streets, but most are not purebred.
Although it is highly appreciated as a companion dog and quite popular in some countries. (the Netherlands and Thailand, for example, have become large importers of Cottons French), the Coton de Tulear still a relatively rare breed around the world.
Physical characteristics
The Coton de Tulear it's a small dog, longer than tall and muscular. His stride is regular, no jumps or jerks, but it covers little ground.
The neck is well muscled and the skin is fine and taut, as in the whole body. The back is firm and muscular, like the rump, which is oblique and short. The chest is long and well developed, the ribs are rounded. The belly is tucked up but not elevated.
The tail is low, in line with the spine. At rest, descends below the hock and the tip rises. In action, curves on the back.
The head of the Coton de Tulear it is short and triangular. The skull is quite wide and slightly domed, with the presence of a slight frontal groove. The stop is not very marked.
The eyes are round and wide apart, dark colored, and the look is alive and intelligent. The ears are triangular and droopy, high insertion. Located close to the cheeks, reach up to the corner of the lips.
The muzzle is straight, the nose is black (although brown color is tolerated), with wide open nostrils. The lips are thin and the same color as the nose.
Teeth are well aligned, articulated in scissors (the upper jaw covers the lower), in clamp (the two jaws are edge to edge) or articulated reverse without loss of contact (the jaws are not the same shape and shift to fit).
The coat is one of the most notable characteristics of the breed: it's cottony, very soft and flexible (never hard or rough), dense and abundant. It can also be slightly wavy.
The coat is generally white, but some auberization stains are allowed (white and tawny hairs) or gray (black and white hairs), especially on the ears.
These stains are also tolerated - but not sought- in other parts of the body, provided they do not alter the general white appearance of the coat.
Size and weight
▷ Male size: 26 – 28 cm.
▷ female size: 23 – 25 cm.
▷ Male weight: 4 – 6 Kg
▷ female weight: 3 – 5 kg
Varieties
There are a variety of Coton de Tulear which is completely black at birth. The legs, tail and head turn white after a few weeks, while the rest of the body takes on a silvery-gray hue in two to three years.
Call Panda, this variety is highly sought after in the United States and Canada.
Character and skills
The Coton de Tulear he is a very nice companion, with a cheerful and stable character: It's full of energy, spontaneous, loving and faithful. He loves to attract attention and does not hesitate to play a clown.
He is also a seducer capable of looking at his master with large innocent eyes or of clowning around in hopes of escaping punishment.. Observant and sensitive, knows how to recognize the right moments to achieve their goals, for example when his master is available to him, but he also knows how to find faults and take advantage of them.
So, not necessarily an ideal dog for a novice owner: if you love to please your master and, in fact, is generally considered quite compliant, can also be stubborn, like many small dogs. It should be noted that the females of this breed are usually more independent and dominant than the males..
Very sociable, the Coton de Tulear gets along with humans he meets, but instead is suspicious and / or fearful of strangers. It can be considered as an alarm dog, although their propensity to fulfill this role varies significantly across individuals, some being more territorial than others.
On the other hand, they tend to get along well with other dogs and animals, including cats, whether or not they belong to the house.
Vivaces and smart, they love to play and they especially like children, regardless of your age. In fact, It is a breed of dog recommended for children, for which it is an excellent playmate.
Both children and adults, These naughty and alert little dogs quickly become attached to their family and are very sensitive to the moods and emotions of their companions. This makes it an exceptional companion., endowed with empathy and considered a real stress reliever. They are very cuddly and like to cuddle with their owners and “talk to them” with a lot of vocalization and growling, and they are delighted to hear back.
Despite her delicate appearance, these resilient dogs are physically and mentally strong and easily adapt to change. Not afraid to travel or commute, the most important thing for him is to be with his family and share his activities. Otherwise, it is an ideal option for an owner who wants to take their dog on vacation, especially since its size also makes things easier.
On the other hand, cannot be left alone for long. If his owners work during the day and have no choice but to leave him home alone, the presence of another animal is an interesting option to avoid problems, such as destructive behavior or untimely barking, that can be important and wear down the nerves of the neighborhood. The Coton de Tulear It is also, usually, a pretty noisy dog, who likes to give the voice.
For this reason, for his good character and for his need in rather moderate exercise (30 minutes a day are enough for him), the Coton de Tulear It is a breed of dog adapted for elderly and / or not very active people. Easily adapts to a calm and sedentary lifestyle: a daily walk and play sessions are enough for your happiness. This low need for activity and its small size make it an ideal dog for apartments, although of course he is also happy in a house with a garden in the country. As long as you can exercise and are well trained, it is very quiet at home. Otherwise, they can be very energetic, to the point of being exhausting.
If you have free access to a garden, it is better that the latter is closed. The Coton de Tulear he's too attached to his family to really run away, and does not have a very marked hunting instinct, but your curiosity may push you to follow a clue and not find your way back. At the same time, early training to remember can greatly reduce the risk of problems, especially if allowed to walk without a leash.
In any case, having a garden, even if it is big, does not dispense with the need to walk it daily. In effect, walks are not only interested in allowing the dog to stretch its legs: allow you to possibly meet colleagues, which is always enriching, but also stimulate your senses (and especially his sense of smell), what is necessary for your psychic balance.
The Coton de Tulear also suitable for active owners: he likes nothing more than sharing family activities and appreciates dog sports such as obedience, el agility, the canine dance or the cavage. But, your endurance has its limits: not able to run long distances. So, not a companion to take for jogging or cycling.
Education
The Coton de Tulear is an intelligent dog that understands very quickly what is expected of him. He is constantly listening to his master, which makes it quite easy to educate, as long as certain conditions are respected, because he is also stubborn and very observant: easily detects faults and does not hesitate to take advantage of them to do just what you want. So, his master must show sweetness, but also firmness and great coherence, so as not to be taken at fault.
Must be educated from an early age and responds very well to dog training method positively, appreciating the rewards in the form of play, treats or caresses. But, since he is prone to getting bored quite quickly, puppy training sessions should not exceed ten minutes. It also, how he is a playful dog and that he can be very energetic, you have to show him very quickly the return to the basket (and therefore to calm down), as well as the recall.
Like all dogs, the Coton de Tulear also needs to be socialized very soon, to prevent him from becoming fearful or aggressive. It is also essential to get him used to being handled from a young age, since its coat requires important maintenance throughout its life.
Health
The Coton de Tulear It is a small and resistant dog that, usually, has a robust constitution and good health. It also, thanks to its particular fur, fears neither cold nor heat.
But, there are a number of more or less recurrent diseases to which they are prone:
One of the most frequent is progressive retinal atrophy. Genetic in origin, can reach various degrees of gravity, reaching the total blindness of the dog;
The Hip Dysplasia it's not weird either, y corresponds to a situation where the head of the femur does not fit into the corresponding socket of the hip. This causes pain, lameness and a prosthesis may be required;
Rarer are the patella dislocation and degenerative myelopathy, which generally appears around the 9 years and is characterized by a gradual loss of coordination. These conditions are not painful for the animal, but there is no treatment for them.
There is also no treatment for ataxia neonatal, which fortunately is not very widespread. This sickness, caused by a genetic mutation, affects the part of the brain that controls movement and coordination, so the puppies that suffer from it are unable to walk. They are usually euthanized before their first birthday.
In addition to these diseases with often serious consequences, the Coton de Tulear are prone to certain less serious problems, but they require a certain vigilance.
This is the case in particular of skin allergies. They cause itching that prompts the dog to scratch, with the key to a risk of infection.
You should also keep a close eye on your dog's eyes, since they usually run a lot: Cleaning daily or every other day is usually necessary to avoid eye inflammation or skin infection due to constant humidity.
Last, a dog with hanging ears is at increased risk of otitis, and the Coton de Tulear does not escape the rule. So, great vigilance is also to be established at this level.
Life expectancy
14 years
Grooming
The hair Coton de Tulear is abundant and requires daily brushing, knots can easily form at the base. If there are many, the only solution is even shaving.
So, it is necessary to get used to these daily sessions very soon, and it is necessary to take your dog to the groomer at least twice a year, to prevent hair from becoming too long.
This is all the more true since the Coton de Tulear It is a breed of dog that does not change. Loses very little hair, which makes it a hypoallergenic dog.
We can bathe him once a month, but always using a shampoo adapted for dogs that does not dry out the hair and skin (are prone to skin allergies), and drying it carefully after.
You also need to take care of your teeth by brushing them two to three times a week.. The ideal is, of course, a daily frequency, which is not a problem if you are used to it since childhood.
At the same time, regular inspection and cleaning of the eyes (all days, as it has a strong tendency to have watery eyes) and from the ears (at least once a week) will help avoid many problems like conjunctivitis, ear infections, ear scabies, etc.
Last, as with all dogs, nails may need to be trimmed from time to time. How often depends on your lifestyle, because a very active individual wears them out naturally. If you hear them snap on the ground when you walk, it's time to cut them out.
Food
The Coton de Tulear not a difficult dog to feed, and does not have a particular propensity to be overweight. Good quality small croquettes are perfect, and can be given in one or two meals. On this last case, it is advisable to opt for a lighter portion in the morning and a larger one in the evening.
In any case, your diet should be adapted to your age, health and activity level.
You should also make sure that your dog has a bowl of fresh, clean water at all times..
Utility
The Coton de Tulear he is essentially a companion dog with many qualities and rarely disappoints in this role.
For his sensitivity and playful nature, can also be used as a therapy dog, especially with depressed people.
Last, his vivacity and his permanent attention to his master make him stand out in certain canine sports such as agility or obedience.
Price
The price of a puppy Coton de Tulear registered in the LOF ranges from 1.000 and 1.500 EUR, but it can reach the 2.000 euros for the specimens of the most beautiful lines.
Breeders of the breed "Coton de Tulear"
Characteristics "Coton de Tulear"
Coexistence is important that you have with your new friend. Before considering the acquisition of a dog of the breed "Coton de Tulear" you know certain factors. Not all breeds of dogs are apt to live in an apartment, you must take into account his character, their need for exercise, their interaction with other pets, their care and if you have small children, their level of tolerance towards them.
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Images "Coton de Tulear"
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Photos:
1 – Tuléar cotton by https://pixabay.com/es/photos/coton-de-tulear-perro-mascota-5799865/
2 – Tuléar cotton by https://pixabay.com/es/photos/el-coton-de-tulear-perro-2417968/
3 – Tuléar cotton by https://www.hippopx.com/es/puppies-coton-tulear-dog-animal-cotton-tulear-white-petit-domestic-animal-6371
4 – Coton de Tulear Puppy by EthanMallang365, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons
5 – Tuléar cotton by https://pixabay.com/es/photos/coton-de-tulear-perro-mascota-5799868/
6 – Conton de Tulear, Granadina de Domaine de la Louvière by CamilleVila, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons
The Chinese Crested Dog is a breed of small hairless companion dog native to China.
Content
History
The origin of the “Chinese Crested Dog” It's not very clear. Some specialists see in this breed a descendant of certain Egyptian dogs, but this theory is disputed.
In any case, the oldest traces of this dog date back to the Hans dynasty (226 a.C. to 220 d.C.). It was used as a utility dog (especially by sailors, who took him aboard their boats to hunt rats) and as a companion dog at the imperial court, to the point that the emperors themselves possessed one.
They were also used as currency in ports of call, what contributed to the spread of the breed.
Reports of Europeans who traveled to China in the 18th century mention dogs similar to the Chinese Crested Dog, but it was not until the second half of the 20th century that the first representatives of the breed as we know it today arrived in Europe, and more specifically to Great Britain. The first offspring was created in 1950 by Debora Wood. He founded the first breed club in 1959. The first dogs arrived in France in 1973.
The Chinese Crested Dog is recognized by the FCI since 1987, by the British Kennel Club since 1981 and by the American Kennel Club from 1991.
Physical characteristics
The Chinese Crested Dog is one of the most amazing looking dog breeds. This small dog with a slender silhouette is easily recognizable.
The naked variety, the best known, has a smooth and hairless body, except in the head, legs and tail.
There is another variety, the hairy, which is covered by a veil of long silky hair.
All coat colors are allowed. The ears are erect in the naked variety and drooping in the hairy variety..
Size and weight
▷ Male size: 28 – 33 cm.
▷ female size: 23 – 30 cm.
▷ Male weight: 3 – 4 kg
▷ female weight: 3 – 4 kg
Varieties
There are two different types of this breed:
Deer type lacking hair all over the body, except in the head, legs and tail, with light bones and lively character.
Cobby type long silky hair all over the body, with heavier bones.
Character and skills
The Chinese Crested Dog It is often known as an antidepressant dog due to its pleasant nature, besides her pretty crazy appearance. In fact, this little dog is affectionate, cheerful and playful. It is very endearing and it is never bad. So, it is a good companion for children. Quite suspicious of strangers, it won't take long to bark at the slightest visit.
With moderate needs in terms of physical activity, it is a breed of dog adapted to apartment life. But, what he needs the most Chinese Crested Dog is the company of his master. It can be very “dependent” with this. It also, you may suffer from separation anxiety from the dog. In effect, he is a very demanding partner, who will have a hard time withstanding loneliness.
If he Chinese Crested Dog has been well socialized, will tolerate other animals as well as other dogs without any problem.
Education
The education of Chinese Crested Dog must be firm but not violent, because it is sensitive. Otherwise, can adopt destructive behavior.
Use
The Chinese Crested Dog It is a companion and indoor dog.
People say that, thanks to its body heat, used as a living hot water bottle to treat rheumatism.
Health
The Chinese Crested Dog is prone to various skin diseases:
atopic dermatitis ;
Allergic dermatitis ;
solar dermatitis.
It also, the naked variety of Chinese Crested Dog is especially sensitive to cold and humidity. You should also take special care to protect your dog from the sun., because you could get burned.
Last, the genetic mutation that causes the absence of hair leads to teething problems: the dog usually loses all or part of its teeth at 2 years.
Grooming
In the case of the variety Deer type, without hair, you should bathe your dog frequently using a dog shampoo. No need to hydrate the skin or apply sunscreen.
In the case of the variety Cobby type, you should brush your dog every week, except during the dog's puberty period, when it should be brushed every day. It is advisable to give him a bath regularly. Do not forget to dry it with a hair dryer -low temperature- to prevent you from catching a cold.
Last, Since the Chinese Crested Dog often have dental problems, it is recommended to brush your dog's teeth every other day.
Characteristics "Chinese Crested Dog"
Coexistence is important that you have with your new friend. Before considering the acquisition of a dog of the breed "Chinese Crested Dog" you know certain factors. Not all breeds of dogs are apt to live in an apartment, you must take into account his character, their need for exercise, their interaction with other pets, their care and if you have small children, their level of tolerance towards them.
Adaptation ⓘ
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friendly dog ⓘ
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Images "Chinese Crested Dog"
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Photos:
1 – “Chinese Crested Dog” by https://pixabay.com/es/illustrations/perro-perro-crestado-chino-4882997/
2 – “Chinese Crested Dog” by https://pixabay.com/es/photos/crestado-chino-cachorro-3799578/
3 – “Chinese Crested Dog” by https://pixabay.com/es/photos/perro-crestado-chino-invierno-2501289/
4 – “Chinese Crested Dog” by Sheri Lands, CC BY 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons
5 – “Female of Perro crestado chino – Auriga Cassiopeia Maytays Minng – with her seven one-month-old puppies – four of them hairless, tres powderpuff” by HTO, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons
6 – “Chinese Crested Dog” by I, Jasmine2501, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons
1. Crested, Puff, Hairless Chinese Crested Dog (English).
2. Chien nu chinois (French).
3. Chinese Crested Dog (German).
4. (em chinês: 中国冠毛犬) (Portuguese).
5. Crestado, Puff (español).
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This Clumber Spaniel medium to large size is sweet and gentle, with a deceptively relaxed appearance
Content
History
Little is really known about the origins of the breed., but legend says that the Duc de Noailles of France He gave his dear spaniels his English counterpart, the Duke of Newcastle, to save them from the horrors of the French Revolution. The dogs were sent to the estate of the Duke in Clumber Park, which later they acquired the name of race. Based on the paintings of that time, the Clumber They have not changed much in two centuries: Dogs still have a somewhat reserved temperament, as well as a sensitive appearance, rather than striking. The Basset Hound and a dog known as spaniel alpino (an extinct race), probably listed in your genealogy.
Interest in the race continued during the nineteenth century, and even they were exhibited Clumbers in one of the first dog shows in 1859. The Clumber Spaniels also they became popular among the British aristocracy. Real race fans included the prince albert and a Edward VII.
It has been allowed to be heavier, starting at 1950, and the weight limit is currently 34 Kg despite the excess in some specimens. Anyway, breed lovers make sure that this large does not cause any weakness in his hind.
Did you know??
Some major British were in love with the Clumber Spaniel: The husband of Queen Victoria, prince albert, as well as Edward VII, They were both fans of the race.
Physical characteristics
It is a well balanced dog, of bones strong, Active, with a reflective expression; overall appearance denoting strength. The Clumber should be firm, active and able to perform daily work in the field.
Its shape is similar to that of the Sussex Spaniel smaller. The Clumber It has a heavy bone structure, Their fur is dense, Weatherproof, straight and flat, with hair around the ears, belly and legs. The tufts are predominantly white with lemon colored spots, brown or orange around the eyes and the base of the tail.
WEIGHT:
Ideal weight: Males: 29,5 – 34 kg. females: 25 – 29,5 kg.
Character and skills
According to the breed standard, the Clumber Spaniel He is loyal and affectionate with his family. It can be reserved with strangers, but he is never aggressive or shy. Good words for firm include, reliable, friendly and worthy… but do not let that fool you their dignified behavior. The Clumber is very smart, determined to get what he wants, and more agile than it looks. During his puppy, which usually lasts until three or four years, it can be a wild dog running through the house at breakneck speed and gets into many problems. (For some, Part of getting into trouble never ends.) On the positive side, the Clumber also it tends to stay young at heart well into old age.
if they grow up together, the Clumber and children can become fast friends. If you don't have children yet, make sure your Clumber gets to know your friends' kids often and from an early age, to get used to the loud screams and rapid movements. The Clumber also gets along well with other dogs, and it is friendly with cats, ferrets and other small pets, as long as the know. Because of its sporty nature, considers that the furry or feathered creatures that live outdoors are animals hunting. In other words, is more likely that your Clumber swallow your whole wild bird to look after him delicately.
On a walk, the Clumber it moves at a slow and steady pace. Does not have the high energy levels of many other pick-and-point breeds, but it has the ability to break through any type of shrub that stand in your way. It also, It has an infinite resistance, so it is a great companion for hiking and hunting, recovering quickly and enjoys water. To keep fit and out of trouble, need rides 20 to 30 minutes twice a day. If you have a fenced yard, Do not assume that exercised. Like the rest of us, the Clumber need motivation from a friend to get up and go.
The Clumber It is an independent thinker, so i can be stubborn. Train Your Clumber requires patience and the ability to convince him to do what you want is actually all her idea. It's a good problem solver; The point is that the problem that often involves doing something forbidden resolved. any dog, no matter how nice it is, You may develop obnoxious barking levels… and the Clumber is no exception. Some Clumbers They are naturally quiet, other bark at all, and some of them fall somewhere in the middle. If you live with, Let's say, a burrow, expects you Clumber learn to bark a lot.
Start training your puppy the day you bring him home. Even at eight weeks old, He is able to absorb everything you can teach. Don't wait until you have 6 months to start training him or you'll have to deal with a more stubborn dog. If possible, take him to puppy kindergarten class when he's between 10 and 12 weeks, y socialize, socialize, socialize. But, Note that many kinds of training puppies require certain vaccinations (such as kennel cough) stay up to date, and many veterinarians recommend limited exposure to other dogs and public places until puppy vaccinations (including rabies, distemper and parvovirus) They are completed. Instead of formal training, You can start training your puppy to socialize at home and among family and friends until immunizations are completed in the puppy.
Grooming
White and fringed coat Clumber requires a moderate amount of toilet: If you want me to be handsome, bathe him once a month, and brush or comb his coat during 10 to 15 minutes, up to three times a week, to prevent tangles and remove dead hair. You should also cut back on their feet, ears and feathers.
The locks were off at a moderate pace strong throughout the year, so buy a good vacuum cleaner; regular brushing will also reduce the amount of hair floating in your home.
The rest are routine care: Trim his nails every few weeks and keep floppy ears clean and dry to prevent infection. You should also brush his teeth regularly to maintain good overall health and fresh breath.
Health
The Clumber Spaniel They are generally healthy, but they are susceptible to some conditions, including eye problems such as Entropion and ectropion, keratoconjunctivitis sicca, or dry eye, and falls. They may also be prone to hip dysplasia and an inherited condition called deficiency pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase , which can lead to exercise intolerance and heart and lung problems.
Not all of these conditions are detectable on a growing puppy, and it is impossible to predict if an animal will be free of these diseases, so you need to find a reputable breeder who commit to raise healthier animals possible. You must be able to produce an independent certification that the parents of the dog (and grandparents, etc.) have been examined for common defects and considered healthy for breeding. That's where health records come in..
Careful breeders their dogs examined for genetic diseases, and they only breed the best looking specimens, but sometimes Mother Nature has other ideas and a puppy can develop one of these conditions. In most cases, can still live a good life, thanks to advances in veterinary medicine. Having said that, not all visits to the vet involve a genetic problem. Puppies love to eat them things, so it's not uncommon for them to develop gastroenteritis (intestine garbage) or requiring surgery to remove random objects from the intestines, as hand towels and toys.
And remember that you have the power to protect your Clumber one of the most common health problems: the obesity. You keep a healthy weight is a simple way to prolong the life of your Clumber avoiding problems such as hip dysplasia.
Characteristics "Clumber Spaniel"
Coexistence is important that you have with your new friend. Before considering the acquisition of a dog of the breed "Clumber Spaniel" you know certain factors. Not all breeds of dogs are apt to live in an apartment, you must take into account his character, their need for exercise, their interaction with other pets, their care and if you have small children, their level of tolerance towards them.
The English Cocker Spaniel he is a sweet and affectionate dog. Excellent guard and loving with children.
Content
History
The term spaniel it applied to any dog ​​that hunted game birds and pulled. Usually they distinguished by their size or the way they work. These may include, there was spaniels land and spaniels water. The dogs that hunted woodcocks were known as Cockers, while the larger spaniels that “drew” cover hunting by pulling the chain were known as Springers. At any given time, different types could be born in the same litter, but eventually they separated in races: Cocker Spaniels and English Springer Spaniel.
In the United States and Britain, the Cocker They developed a different aspect, while began to be considered separate races. The Club of the English Cocker Spaniel America was formed in 1935 for people who appreciate the look and the different skills of the English Cocker. The American Kennel Club recognized him as an individual race 1946. The American Cocker It became more popular, but fans of the English Cocker consider their dogs a well kept secret. Today, the English Cocker ranks 66 between breeds registered by the AKC.
Physical characteristics
The English Cocker Spaniel, It has the benefit of having many coat colors, and each can have their favorite color. However the selection of the color does not have any influence or precedent on health.
There are two varieties of Cocker Spaniel, the English Cocker Spaniel, from Wales and the American Cocker Spaniel, It is resulting from the adjustment of the English Cocker Spaniel to United States.
The English Cocker Spaniel It is a strong dog, Atlético, Compact and balanced, they weigh in 12 to 15 Kg. In them, the extent of the ground to the cross (39 to 41 cm.) and this at the tail is equal, approximately. The body of the dog is compact, with a well developed chest and possess a slight tilt from the back to the tail.
The legs are strong and muscular, especially the rear. The wide head, Lightweight aspect, with a large truffle. The English Cocker Spaniel ears are lobular shape and low insertion, at the height of the eyes. It has large eyes. They tend to be Brown, almost dark, although some Cocker they have clear.
The expression of eyes is intelligent, alert, bright and cheerful. You can see this dog in multiple colors. Copies of solid color only allows a white patch on the chest.
Character and skills
The English Cocker Spaniel, It is currently a very popular dog as a companion pet., for those who enjoy the countryside. To develop this race in Wales The aim was to get a dog that would chase the chickens, herding them from their hiding places in the bushes.. Its versatility grew up and went when they realized that this dog was happy in a different position and was also able to swim.
They enjoy playing with children (especially the females) provided that these comply, It should educate the can so that it does not jump on infants.
While they are dogs that like to play is recommended to be very careful in dealing with these animals due to his hyperactive character.
It is a sweet and affectionate dog. Excellent guard and loving with children. Although it is sometimes dominant. Why should be severe education from the beginning. It is a very active dog, cheerful and curious. He likes to be in family or accompanied by. It is a very sensitive breed, If it is many hours alone will be sad. You need love, care in your coat if you want to leave the long skirt.
Grooming
Your fur needs cut and this must be done by a professional, or the owner can acquire appropriate equipment and learn to do it himself, on the instructions of the breeder. Depending on each country, There are generally different options of professionals specialized in the grooming of pets in each city, and usually they also provide the service to pick them up and bring them back home when the Cocker It is elegantly trimmed.
The upper teeth close over the lower teeth and are square in the jaw, and they must be cleaned regularly. Nails should be trimmed as needed. The long ears should be revised weekly and special attention, cleaning up any dirt, grass, seeds, excrement, and other waste that have been able to adhere to the same, Since as you said, they are very susceptible to suffering otitis by his excessive Seborrheic secretion. It is also common for them to have a large number of warts..
Health
All purebred dogs have the potential to develop genetic health problems, just as all people have the potential to inherit diseases. Avoid any breeder who does not offer a health guarantee on puppies., I say that race has no known problems, or keep the cubs isolated from the main part of the home for health reasons. A reputable breeder will be honest and open about the health problems of race and incidence occurring with.
The English Cockers They have some health conditions that may be of concern. They include progressive retinal atrophy, the patellar luxation, cataracts, immune-mediated hemolytic anemia, ear infections, kidney failure juvenile onset, Hypothyroidism and, in particular, hearing loss.
Remember that after bringing a new puppy to your home, You have the power to protect one of the most common health problems: the obesity. Keep a English Cocker with a proper weight is one of the easiest ways to prolong your life. Make the most of your preventative abilities to help ensure a healthier dog for life.
Characteristics "English Cocker Spaniel"
Coexistence is important that you have with your new friend. Before considering the acquisition of a dog of the breed "English Cocker Spaniel" you know certain factors. Not all breeds of dogs are apt to live in an apartment, you must take into account his character, their need for exercise, their interaction with other pets, their care and if you have small children, their level of tolerance towards them.
The American Water Spaniel always delivered to work, He is obedient and easy to train..
Content
History
The American Water Spaniel It is a breed of dog originating in United States, little-known outside of North America.
Although the exact origins of the American Water Spaniel remain a mystery, experts agree that it probably developed in the first half of the 19th century in the Fox and Wolf river valleys of Wisconsin, an American state in the Great Lakes region.
During the conquest of the West in the 19th century, European settlers who moved to the Midwest regions of the United States brought their hunting dogs with them to help meet their food needs. Over the years, used various Old World breeds to create a new dog perfectly adapted to the peculiarities of hunting in the Great Lakes region. They needed a versatile animal with an excellent sense of smell, able to work both on land and in water, and expert in recovering downed waterfowl. They also wanted their companion to be compact enough to carry in a small boat or canoe., and could withstand the cold Wisconsin water temperatures.
It is not possible to know with total certainty which races were used to achieve this, but experts believe they were the English Water Spaniel (now extinct), the Irish Water Spaniel, the Curly-coated Retriever, the Poodle and the Sussex Spaniel or other type of Spaniel. Native American dogs were also used in the various crosses.
The small brown animal thus created was known at the time as American Brown Spaniel. It had thick curly fur that protected it from cold water and winter temperatures.. They were used to hunt and retrieve waterfowl, but also for hunting on land, like grouse, quail and pheasant, as well as the occasional rabbit. At the end of the 19th century, the American Brown Spaniel had made a name for itself in the Great Lakes region and enjoyed some popularity with Wisconsin hunters, Michigan y Minnesota.
But, the number of specimens of this breed began to decline rapidly at the beginning of the 20th century, due both to the reduction of the duck population in these areas and to changes in hunting practices. In fact, hunting became at that time a leisure activity, more than in a true feeding medium. It also, hunters began to prefer new European hunting dogs that were larger and more specialized in a specific type of hunting, already were Retrievers, Pointers or Spaniels.
Fortunately, the American Brown Spaniel had an ardent admirer in Dr.. Fred J. Pfeifer, based in New London, Wisconsin. Firmly convinced that this dog should be preserved and recognized, Pfeifer created a kennel dedicated to the breed, Wolf River Cattery, and set out to save it from extinction. He spared no effort to offer his puppies to all corners of the country, mostly through various advertisements.
The American Water Spaniel is probably one of the main races that contributed to the development of the Boykin Spaniel.
The recognition and dissemination of American Water Spaniel
The efforts of Fred Pfeifer and other enthusiasts who joined him paved the way for official recognition of the breed by the United Kennel Club (UKC) in 1920, with the name of American Water Spaniel. It was Pfeifer's own dog, called Curly Pfeifer, the first representative of the breed to be registered with the organization. The breed was also recognized by the Field Dog Stud Book in 1938 and by the American Kennel Club (AKC) in 1940.
The breed took much longer to be recognized in other parts of the world. Like this, acceptance by the Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI) did not occur until 1979, followed shortly after by that of British Kennel Club in 1981. The Canadian Kennel Club it is also among the organizations that recognize the race.
Distribution and popularity
In United States, the American Water Spaniel still extremely rare today, with a world population estimated at about 3.000 specimens, most of them in the American Midwest, especially in the states of Wisconsin, Minnesota y Michigan, where it is still very popular with hunters. The race occupies the position 165 (of something less than 200) in the breed classification of the American Kennel Club (AKC) depending on the number of annual registrations in the organization, and the situation has been comparable at least since the beginning of the 21st century. Obviously, the fact that it is one of only two sporting breeds developed in the United States (along with the Chesapeake Bay Retriever) does not seem to be enough to make her popular with the American public.
In the rest of the world, race is even more confidential.
In France, for example, There are less than 10 registrations per year in the Livre des Origines Françaises.
In Great Britain, the number of births registered with the Kennel Club is even zero most years.
Physical characteristics
The American Water Spaniel it is a compact dog, medium in size and well muscled. Designed to work in the icy waters and swampy shores of the Great Lakes region of the United States, they are perfectly equipped for it: the pads of its feet are thick, their toes are webbed and small enough to jump off a small boat without capsizing it. It also, their hips and hind legs are strongly developed, which gives it some propulsion force and prevents it from jamming. Like this, is able to break through even on wet hunting grounds.
The head is well proportioned to the body. ears are drooping. The eyes are long and wide, and they can be hazel colored, brown or amber. They contribute to a cheerful expression and a smart look. The nose is black or brown and the nostrils are well developed, which reminds us that this dog was designed to sniff out game. The nose is dominated by tight lips.
The American Water Spaniel has a dense undercoat that greatly protects it from water, extreme temperatures and branches. The top layer is of medium length and can have even waves or tight curls. The density of the latter can vary from one area of the body to another.. In all cases, the head is covered with short, straight hair and the tail is moderately bushy.
It also, its top layer is naturally very oily to be waterproof and avoid scratches from vegetation. Thus, their fur has a strong odor, and can sometimes leave a greasy stain when rubbed against a wall or furniture.
The coat of the American Water Spaniel it is always uniform and liver-colored, chocolate or black, although a small amount of white hairs are sometimes found on the fingers or on the chest.
Last, sexual dimorphism is quite marked in this breed, since the males are, average, considerably heavier and more massive than females.
The standard the FCI is the same as the American Kennel Club. This indicates that the American Water Spaniel has a size ranging from the 38 to 45 cm and weigh in 13 to 20 kg. Some reaching a height of 50 cm and a weight of 23 kg. This not disqualifies them but costs them points.
Character and skills
Like most hunting dogs, the American Water Spaniel is full of energy and enthusiasm, and you need a good dose of daily exercise and mental stimulation to be balanced. As long as its owner meets your needs, either making them hunt, taking them for a run or letting them play with the children, They are excellent companion dogs..
In fact, he's basically a jolly dog, friendly and loving, eager to please their owners and who likes to spend time with them. You may also become especially fond of the person who dedicates the most time and attention to you., but he is still very friendly with the rest of the tribe.
Usually, have a strong affinity with the youngest, to the point of being a recommended dog breed with children. Inexhaustible, they love spending time with them, entertain them and participate in all kinds of activities with them, either on land or in the water. However, it is important to teach children to interact with them in a respectful way, to avoid any accident. In any case, no dog, whatever race he is and no matter how friendly he is, should be left unsupervised with a young child.
You can play all day and, At night, snuggle into your family's lap for a hug.
Sociable and affectionate with his family, the American Water Spaniel It, on the other hand, shy and suspicious of strangers, without showing aggressiveness. As a result, It may take several introductions before you finally decide to befriend someone you regularly meet..
Nor does he feel very comfortable with his companions, and can sometimes be territorial and aggressive towards them. But, if you share your home with one of them or with a cat, considers you as a full member of your family, so normally there is no problem. This is even more true if you are used to being with him from a young age..
The same cannot be said for a possible coexistence with a rodent or a bird., even if it starts when he is still very young. In fact, the hunting instinct that makes him chase these species when he finds them during his walks could lead him to do the same at any moment, and thus put an end to said coexistence.
Letting him live with a dog or cat is not without interest in any case., because his proximity to his masters makes him easily suffer from separation anxiety if he stays alone for more than a few hours. So it's likely to bark excessively, which can quickly become a source of tension with neighbors. The presence of a little companion can keep you busy and ease your anxieties., although the best is, Obviously, have your family at home as often as possible. In any case, this dog is not really adapted for people who generally spend their days away from home.
Developed to be a tough hunting companion, the American Water Spanielhave energy to spare: one or two short walks around the neighborhood a day are not enough to meet your exercise needs, and then he would have every chance of developing various behavioral problems.
Although it depends on the age and health of each, in general it is necessary to anticipate not less than one or two hours of activity a day so that the dog can keep moving. It is best to divide it into several opportunities spread throughout the day, for example combining two or three walks, jogging sessions or bike rides with a good period of play. Of course, if any of these activities offer the opportunity to bathe, Will be delighted, since it is a water-loving breed of dog.
Giving him plenty of opportunities to exercise is the best way to avoid a number of potentially problematic behaviors., as it has a strong natural tendency to bite, dig and jump.
It also, as soon as your need for exercise is satisfied, that is to say, as the day is full of outings that are so many opportunities to make you spend, can live in an apartment, although obviously it is far from being an ideal environment for him. In any case, if you spend a lot of time indoors, it is important to provide all kinds of balls, chew toys and other distractions that allow you to burn energy throughout the day.
The fact is that the American Water Spaniel it's a country dog ​​at heart, much happier when you have access at all times to a large outdoor space where you can expend your energy. But, although he loves to play and spend time outdoors, it is out of place to put him there and make him spend most of his time away from his family, since you need prolonged and daily contact with her.
It also, if the house has a garden, it is advisable to make sure that it is well fenced, to avoid any leak. In fact, this dog has a pronounced hunting instinct and is a wanderer at heart: if given the opportunity, he is likely to run off hunting small critters or just exploring the surroundings.
However, how he usually responds well to withdrawal orders once he has been properly trained, it is possible to walk without a leash in nature. On the other hand, in places where the presence of other dogs is very likely or even safe, it is better to wear him systematically on a leash, to avoid any risk of dog fighting.
Last, it is not likely that the American Water Spaniel be the best friend of the neighbor. In fact, although he is calm and affectionate with his family, he is very awake and barks a lot, sometimes for no apparent reason. This makes for an excellent watchdog., especially since his barks are quite loud, but also a potential source of trouble. But, this propensity to bark can be mitigated by addressing the problem in the context of their education.
Education
The American Water Spaniel can be stubborn and independent at times: he likes to do what he wants and may try to impose himself by behaving as a dominant, both with their masters and with other dogs. Thus, you need to have an experienced and solid master in front of you, able to show your dog who decides and to keep a steady hand throughout his life, because at any time you can try to question the established order.
But, he is also an intelligent dog and eager to please his caregiver, as soon as he recognizes him as the leader of the pack. So, responds well to an education that is firm, smooth and consistent, and this can give excellent results when in good hands.
To get it, it is best to opt for short and motivating training sessions and not skimp on the use of positive reinforcement techniques: compliments, petting, candies, etc. On the other hand, it is advisable to avoid the use of punishments, that could affect this sensitive dog and degrade the trust it should have in its master.
Learning to call back should be a top of his education if he's allowed to live off-leash. Otherwise, his hunting instinct would make him flee soon when small animals similar to prey passed by.
In any case, this instinct obviously makes it a good potential to be used for hunting. A little more training on the different hunting techniques is still necessary to fully exploit it..
Another aspect to address in the context of your education is barking, because he tends to be very barking. The ideal is to make him distinguish between what he deserves to bark and what he does not, as well as simply teaching him to stop immediately when asked.
Last, like any dog, the American Water Spaniel needs to be thoroughly socialized from a young age, facing all kinds of people, animals, places, situations and stimuli, to hone your social skills and allow you to grow balanced. This is all the more necessary as he tends to be shy., distrustful or even aggressive towards people or dogs you don't know.
Health
The American Water Spaniel is generally robust and healthy, which is explained in particular by the selection work that was at the origin of its creation and the multiple criteria that it had to meet at that time.
Among these, resistance to cold and weather stood out., and its double layer perfectly fulfills the objective: protects her wonderfully from the cold (both on land and in the water) and from the elements, but also from the heat, even if in case of a heat wave you should be able to take refuge in the shade, or even in an air-conditioned place, in general it is able to adapt to almost any type of climate.
His good general health does not prevent the American Water Spaniel are particularly prone to certain diseases:
theHip Dysplasia, joint malformation that can be caused by a hereditary cause causes pain, limp then causeosteoarthritis afrom a certain age;
Dermatitis sensitive to growth hormone,alopecia (hair loss)caused by a lack of growth hormone (somatropina).The latter is secreted by the pituitary gland., an endocrine gland that secretes many hormones and is necessary for coat growth. Affected people have varying degrees ofalopecia., but are otherwise healthy. Veterinarians do not yet know if this condition is genetic or not. Hair loss often begins at puberty and men between 1 and 5 years are the most affected., it comes in the neck, torso, thighs and abdomen, and the underlying skin is noticeably darker due to increased pigmentation.This condition can be treated with injections of growth hormones, but it is expensive and difficult to obtain. Sterilization can sometimes solve the problem in men. In any case, in the absence of treatment, alopecia and hyperpigmentation can spread throughout the body, with the exception of the head and feet.How hereditary transmission is suspected,
The symmetric alopecia, causing a gradual loss of hair that usually begins between the 6 and 9 months of the puppy and progresses until the affected areas are completely bald, these are the neck, the back of the thighs and the tail.There is no treatment to date, but this condition does not significantly affect the lives of the affected people;
The waterfall, which is an increasing clouding of the lens of the eye, causing increasing difficulty in seeing, even blindness The disease can be inherited, usually occurs in old age and can be treated with surgery.
Retinal dysplasia, an abnormal development of the retina that often has a hereditary cause and results in the appearance of retinal folds. They bother the dog's sight in a more or less pronounced way, according to the degree of severity. The latter does not progressively progress, because the disease is not progressive, there is no cure, but the other senses can compensate for the visual impairment.
The progressive retinal atrophy, incurable inherited disease that causes loss of photoreceptor cells in the retina of the eye, gradually leading to the total blindness of the animal;
Entropion, which can be of hereditary origin and corresponds to the turning of an eyelid towards the inside of the eye, causing severe irritation of the eyeball (Red eyes, tearing, etc.). But, this condition can be treated surgically;
The epilepsy, sometimes an inherited disorder causing sometimes impressive seizures cannot be cured, but lifelong treatment can allow affected people to lead near normal lives;
The Hypothyroidism, a deficiency of hormones produced by the thyroid gland that can cause all kinds of mild symptoms. Lifelong treatment helps prevent them;
Allergies, that can be hereditary and have all kinds of origins: foods, domestic products, pollen, dust, insects, etc. The cause may be difficult to identify and, Therefore, allergies difficult to treat.
Theear infectionsbecause the sloping shape of the past favors the accumulation of moisture and dirt.
It also, an individual used for hunting is also more exposed to the risks involved in this activity: injuries, parasites,spikelets,etc.
Taking into account that several diseases to which the breed is predisposed are or may be hereditary, going through a serious breeder who carefully selects his breeders is essential to maximize the chances ofadopt a puppythat not only has he benefited from good socialization since his first weeks. , but also that it gets rid of any hereditary ailment.
The American Water Spaniel Club of America participate in the Canine Health Information Center (CHIC), a database ofcanine health.Any breeder worthy of the name must, Therefore, get a CHIC number for your dogs, which requires transmitting the results of the health tests of the Orthopedic Foundation for Animals (OFA) and those of the eye tests of the Canine Eye Registry Foundation (CERF)., Whatever your conclusions. The fact that a dog has a CHIC number is not, therefore, a guarantee of good health, but your test results are publicly accessible on the CHIC website: This allows anyone considering theadoption of a puppycheck your results and also those of your parents.
The breeder will also be able to present the results of additional genetic tests carried out to the parents or the puppy to detect some other diseases as well., in addition to providing a certificate of good health established by a veterinarian, as well as details of vaccinations. administered. to the little one.
Once the latter has moved into its new home, keep in mind that their bones and joints are especially fragile until they reach adulthood., it is necessary to avoid physical exercises that are too intense or prolonged while you are still young and growing, under penalty of causing injury or even deformity, so potentially life-long consequences.
It also, even if he seems to be in perfect health, any dog ​​should be examined by a vet at least once a year for a full checkup, this can allow detecting a possible problem as soon as possible, and you can also take the opportunity to have your vaccination reminders done at the same time., your teacher should make sure to renew your deworming treatments throughout the year whenever necessary, so that also at this level you are never unprotected.This is even more important as you spend a lot of time outdoors.
Life expectancy
12 to 13 years
Grooming
The curly coat of the American Water Spaniel needs to be brushed once or twice a week to prevent tangling and to help evenly distribute sebum, the natural oil that protects your skin. This dog sheds relatively little throughout the year, but much more in spring and autumn, so it is necessary to opt for a greater frequency of brushing during these times to remove dead hair and prevent it from accumulating throughout the house.
Some hunters choose to shear their pets regularly to prevent foliage and branches from sticking to their fur.. A pet dog can be left with its coat untrimmed., or cropped and ears shaved for a more polished look.
It must be taken into account that the upper layer of the American Water Spaniel is naturally rich in sebum. This can cause some discomfort in everyday life., like a certain smell or grease marks in the house, when rubbed against a wall or furniture.
But, it only needs to be washed when it is very dirty or smells bad. In effect, too frequent bathing would lead to the loss of the natural oils that protect their coat, which would cause irritations by making your skin drier. In any case, it is essential to systematically use a shampoo specially designed for dogs, since the pH of your skin is different from that of human skin. It also, a good habit to adopt is to systematically rinse the dog with fresh water after each visit to salt water or algae, to avoid any irritation.
It is also useful to dry the ears after each bath or after being in a humid place for a long time., because its drooping shape predisposes it to otitis. They should also be inspected and cleaned every week, to prevent moisture or dirt build-up that can cause infection.
Like any dog, it is also advisable to check your eyes and clean their contour every week, there too to avoid any infection. This is especially useful since he is prone to various diseases at this level., some of which can be treated.
The weekly maintenance session is also an opportunity to brush your teeth, making sure to use a toothpaste designed for canines. This helps prevent tartar buildup and the risks that come with it.: bad breath, oral diseases, etc. Ideally, do it more often, even every day if possible.
The nails of the American Water Spaniel generally require less attention, as their high level of activity means that they generally wear out naturally and do not need to be trimmed manually. But, it is better to make sure every one or two months. In any case, as soon as rubbing is heard when walking on hard surfaces, it's time to take care of them. Otherwise, could get in the way, but also break it or even hurt it.
coat care, the ears, the eyes, your dog's teeth and nails is not something to be taken lightly. If they are not done correctly, could not only be ineffective, but they could also harm you. So don't hesitate to learn them from a vet or professional groomer the first time., to learn how to do it. It also, it's better not to wait to start: the sooner the dog gets used to these different manipulations, more easily accept them throughout your life.
Last, a brief visual inspection of its coat and different parts of its body each time you return from a long stay abroad (for example, during a hunting day) allows you to quickly detect a possible wound or the presence of a parasite, a spike, A spike…, and act accordingly to avoid taking too large proportions.
Utility
The American Water Spaniel was developed to be a versatile hunter. Specialized in hunting waterfowl, this talented and resilient swimmer is delighted to jump into the water to retrieve the downed game, so much so that it could be considered a Retriever like a Spaniel. On land, they are mainly used to hunt grouse, quail, pheasants and rabbits. Still popular with hunters in the Midwest, where are they from?.
In addition to his athletic qualities, his intelligence also allows him to excel in many sports and dog activities such as agility, obedience, flyball, canicross, field trial, tracking… and of course hunting competitions.
How much can you exercise?, it is also a wonderful pet. It is the ideal companion for an experienced owner, who has a garden and who is active enough to satisfy his important need for activity (or that I can delegate this task in part to the children) and that he is present enough at home to avoid being alone too long. His distrust of strangers and loud barking also make him an excellent watchdog..
Last, sometimes found as a therapy dog entrusted to a person suffering from a problem, a use where your gentle and affectionate temperament can work wonders.
Price
The American Water Spaniel It is a rare breed of dog., so very few puppies are born per year. The vast majority of breeders are located in Michigan and Wisconsin ((UNITED STATES)UU.), and they usually have waiting lists of a few months to a year. They usually offer their puppies between 600 and 1.000 $ (between 500 and 900 EUR).
It is very difficult to find a breeder outside of the United States..
Importing from abroad is often the only possible option to adopt a American Water Spaniel, transportation and administrative costs are added to the purchase price, without mentioning the cost of eventual registration in the national registry of the country of adoption. It also, it is important to respect the regulations regarding the importation of a dog from abroad.
Characteristics "American Water Spaniel"
Coexistence is important that you have with your new friend. Before considering the acquisition of a dog of the breed "American Water Spaniel" you know certain factors. Not all breeds of dogs are apt to live in an apartment, you must take into account his character, their need for exercise, their interaction with other pets, their care and if you have small children, their level of tolerance towards them.
– FCI – Group 8: Retrievers - Flushing Dogs - Water Dogs – Section 3: Water Dogs ⓘ
– AKC – Sportingⓘ
– CKC – Sporting Dogsⓘ
– KC – Gundog ⓘ
– UKC – Gun Dogsⓘ
FCI breed standard "American Water Spaniel"
FCI - American Water Spaniel
Alternative names:
1. American Brown Spaniel, American Brown Water Spaniel, AWS (English).
2. American Water Spaniel, Epagneul d’eau américain (French).
3. American Water Spaniel (German).
4. (em inglês: american water spaniel) (Portuguese).
5. American Water Spaniel, Spaniel de Agua Americano (español).
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