The Chinese Crested Dog is a breed of small hairless companion dog native to China.
Content
History
The origin of the “Chinese Crested Dog” It's not very clear. Some specialists see in this breed a descendant of certain Egyptian dogs, but this theory is disputed.
In any case, the oldest traces of this dog date back to the Hans dynasty (226 a.C. to 220 d.C.). It was used as a utility dog (especially by sailors, who took him aboard their boats to hunt rats) and as a companion dog at the imperial court, to the point that the emperors themselves possessed one.
They were also used as currency in ports of call, what contributed to the spread of the breed.
Reports of Europeans who traveled to China in the 18th century mention dogs similar to the Chinese Crested Dog, but it was not until the second half of the 20th century that the first representatives of the breed as we know it today arrived in Europe, and more specifically to Great Britain. The first offspring was created in 1950 by Debora Wood. He founded the first breed club in 1959. The first dogs arrived in France in 1973.
The Chinese Crested Dog is recognized by the FCI since 1987, by the British Kennel Club since 1981 and by the American Kennel Club from 1991.
Physical characteristics
The Chinese Crested Dog is one of the most amazing looking dog breeds. This small dog with a slender silhouette is easily recognizable.
The naked variety, the best known, has a smooth and hairless body, except in the head, legs and tail.
There is another variety, the hairy, which is covered by a veil of long silky hair.
All coat colors are allowed. The ears are erect in the naked variety and drooping in the hairy variety..
Size and weight
▷ Male size: 28 – 33 cm.
▷ female size: 23 – 30 cm.
▷ Male weight: 3 – 4 kg
▷ female weight: 3 – 4 kg
Varieties
There are two different types of this breed:
Deer type lacking hair all over the body, except in the head, legs and tail, with light bones and lively character.
Cobby type long silky hair all over the body, with heavier bones.
Character and skills
The Chinese Crested Dog It is often known as an antidepressant dog due to its pleasant nature, besides her pretty crazy appearance. In fact, this little dog is affectionate, cheerful and playful. It is very endearing and it is never bad. So, it is a good companion for children. Quite suspicious of strangers, it won't take long to bark at the slightest visit.
With moderate needs in terms of physical activity, it is a breed of dog adapted to apartment life. But, what he needs the most Chinese Crested Dog is the company of his master. It can be very “dependent” with this. It also, you may suffer from separation anxiety from the dog. In effect, he is a very demanding partner, who will have a hard time withstanding loneliness.
If he Chinese Crested Dog has been well socialized, will tolerate other animals as well as other dogs without any problem.
Education
The education of Chinese Crested Dog must be firm but not violent, because it is sensitive. Otherwise, can adopt destructive behavior.
Use
The Chinese Crested Dog It is a companion and indoor dog.
People say that, thanks to its body heat, used as a living hot water bottle to treat rheumatism.
Health
The Chinese Crested Dog is prone to various skin diseases:
atopic dermatitis ;
Allergic dermatitis ;
solar dermatitis.
It also, the naked variety of Chinese Crested Dog is especially sensitive to cold and humidity. You should also take special care to protect your dog from the sun., because you could get burned.
Last, the genetic mutation that causes the absence of hair leads to teething problems: the dog usually loses all or part of its teeth at 2 years.
Grooming
In the case of the variety Deer type, without hair, you should bathe your dog frequently using a dog shampoo. No need to hydrate the skin or apply sunscreen.
In the case of the variety Cobby type, you should brush your dog every week, except during the dog's puberty period, when it should be brushed every day. It is advisable to give him a bath regularly. Do not forget to dry it with a hair dryer -low temperature- to prevent you from catching a cold.
Last, Since the Chinese Crested Dog often have dental problems, it is recommended to brush your dog's teeth every other day.
Characteristics "Chinese Crested Dog"
Coexistence is important that you have with your new friend. Before considering the acquisition of a dog of the breed "Chinese Crested Dog" you know certain factors. Not all breeds of dogs are apt to live in an apartment, you must take into account his character, their need for exercise, their interaction with other pets, their care and if you have small children, their level of tolerance towards them.
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Images "Chinese Crested Dog"
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Photos:
1 – “Chinese Crested Dog” by https://pixabay.com/es/illustrations/perro-perro-crestado-chino-4882997/
2 – “Chinese Crested Dog” by https://pixabay.com/es/photos/crestado-chino-cachorro-3799578/
3 – “Chinese Crested Dog” by https://pixabay.com/es/photos/perro-crestado-chino-invierno-2501289/
4 – “Chinese Crested Dog” by Sheri Lands, CC BY 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons
5 – “Female of Perro crestado chino – Auriga Cassiopeia Maytays Minng – with her seven one-month-old puppies – four of them hairless, tres powderpuff” by HTO, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons
6 – “Chinese Crested Dog” by I, Jasmine2501, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons
1. Crested, Puff, Hairless Chinese Crested Dog (English).
2. Chien nu chinois (French).
3. Chinese Crested Dog (German).
4. (em chinês: 中国冠毛犬) (Portuguese).
5. Crestado, Puff (español).
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The Coton de Tulear is very playful, to the point that the standard describes it by saying that “sometimes he's a bit of a clown”.
Content
History
The Coton de Tulear He is originally from the port city of Tulear, in southern Madagascar (currently Toliara).
Its exact origins are unknown., but it probably descends in part from the Bichon. The latter was fashionable in the sixteenth century, and many people kept dogs of this breed as pets or to hunt rats.
The ancestors of Coton de Tulear they could be, Therefore, Bichons owned by French settlers in Madagascar or by sailors, merchants or pirates, who used them to hunt rats on board. A popular half legend of the island speaks of the Bichons accompanied the ladies on a boat and survived the shipwreck.
In any case, These Bichons would have interbred naturally with the Terriers local, giving rise to a new breed of dog described at the time as almost wild and living by hunting.
Later, natural selection worked its way into a living dog, very adaptable and resistant.
From the seventeenth century, These little dogs were domesticated and adopted by the “Merinas”, one of the island's ethnic groups, and more specifically for its nobility.
at the end of the century, the French nobility settled in the colony of Fort-Dauphin (created in 1643) took hold of this new breed, baptized then as “Royal Dog of Madagascar”, coming to enact laws that prohibited commoners from owning them and jealously guarding them on the island.
Like this, the Cotón remained isolated and unknown to the rest of the world for several centuries, time during which it developed remarkable specificities, starting with the fur that gave it its current name. Dense and cottony, protects you from both the cold nights and the heat of the Malagasy days.
Thus appeared the Coton de Tulear what we know today, obviously related to the different Bichons (Havanese, Maltese, Bolognese and above all Bichon Frise, the closest to him).
Madagascar gained its independence in 1960. Tourists, more and more numerous and mostly French, they began to discover the paradisiacal landscapes of the island and their funny puppy so affectionate. A handful adopted them and brought them to France, where they were immediately successful. But, it was not until the following decade when it was possible to speak of export on a larger scale.
During the Decade of 1960, Madagascar had to face multiple economic and political problems, as well as natural disasters. Concerned about these events, Malagasy paid less attention to their national dog, and the breeders of Coton de Tulear gradually moved away from the breed standard. That's how it was until the years 70, when it began to be known also outside of France. But this knowledge - and recognition- followed two different paths: the european and american way.
The spread of Coton de Tulear in Europe
In 1970, Louis Petit, then president of the Société Canine de Madagascar, requested the FCI (International Cynological Federation) the recognition of Coton de Tulear. So a new standard was set and presented to the institution, and the process was successful: the FCI recognized the breed that year. Later, the FCI standard was revised in 1987, 1995 and 1999.
The FCI designated France as the depository of the breed standard, in view of the problematic situation in Madagascar and the difficulty of creating hatcheries on the island. Automatically recognized by the SCC (Central Canine Society), the Coton de Tulear was assigned to 1977 to the Club Français du Chihuahua et des Chiens Exotiques.
France then definitely launched into breeding, breed selection and promotion, under the direction of the FCI. The Cotón began to be exported from France to the rest of Europe and beyond, and France soon had the best specimens, something that continues to happen to a large extent today.
The first Coton de Tulear exported to Europe bore the letters TI (Initial Holder) in their name to indicate that they were original Cotons, that is to say, that his parents were born on the island.
Wherever i went, this happy and carefree puppy won hearts. This was especially true in the UK, where the prestigious British Kennel Club recognized the breed in 1990. Although not one of the most popular breeds there, it is becoming more popular, at around 400 births registered with the organization every year: This figure was three times lower in the early 1990s. 2010.
In France, the number of entries in the Livre des Origines Français (LOF) increased dramatically over the years 80, going from a few dozen a year at the beginning of the decade to more than 1.000 at the end. The trend continued after, with, for example, the crossing of the 1.500 annual births in 1995 and that of the 2.000 ten years later. Since the second half of the second decade of the 21st century, a small drop has been observed., with an annual figure closer to 1.700.
The spread of Coton de Tulear in United States
The French were not the only ones interested in the Coton de Tulear. At the same time it spread through Europe through France, an American biologist who studied lemurs in Madagascar, The doctor. Robert Jay Russell, met him in 1973 and imported the first copies to the United States. The following year, in turn established a breed standard based on the direct descendants of imported individuals, and different from the FCI. In 1976, founded the Coton de Tulear Club of America (CTCA).
Although appreciated, the breed remained - and remains today- much more confidential in North America than in Europe. National canine authorities took longer to recognize the breed: was not up 1996 for the United Kennel Club (UKC) and up 2014 for the American Kennel Club (AKC).
But, several breed fan clubs were formed, some of which developed their own standards. The result is that there are now no fewer than four different standards for the Coton de Tulear in United States:
UKC standard, followed by NACA (North America Coton Association) ;
The FCI standard (or standard “European”), developed in France and recognized by the ACC (American Cotton Club);
The standard USACTC (The United States of America Coton de Tulear Club), which became the AKC standard;
The standard mCTCA (Madagascar Coton de Tulear Club of America, which replaced the one created by Robert Jay Russell in 1974), and followed by the MCPC (Malagasy Coton Preservation Club).
The differences between these standards are mainly based on two characteristics: color and size. These may include, the MCPC allows a larger size and multiple colors, whereas the FCI standard only allows dogs totally - or almost totally- white and smaller.
But, the breed remains relatively small in the country, occupying the position 80 (of something less than 200) in the ranking of the most popular breeds according to the number of annual registrations in the AKC.
The situation of Coton de Tulear in Madagascar
Although he was named the island's official dog, of which it is the only endemic dog breed, not many left Coton de Tulear in Madagascar. In fact, was a victim of its success in the years 80: a puppy bought from 500 francs in Madagascar were sold ten times more expensive in France. Like this, most newborns were exported.
The situation of the breed in its country of origin today seems like a field of ruins. The number of hatcheries Coton de Tulear in Madagascar it is very low and the quality is not usually the same. In the best case, their dogs show little homogeneity and are quite far from the standard; in the worst case, have major defects and major health problems, because some breeders work exclusively on inbreeding. The Coton de Tulear they are also found in families as pets or on the streets, but most are not purebred.
Although it is highly appreciated as a companion dog and quite popular in some countries. (the Netherlands and Thailand, for example, have become large importers of Cottons French), the Coton de Tulear still a relatively rare breed around the world.
Physical characteristics
The Coton de Tulear it's a small dog, longer than tall and muscular. His stride is regular, no jumps or jerks, but it covers little ground.
The neck is well muscled and the skin is fine and taut, as in the whole body. The back is firm and muscular, like the rump, which is oblique and short. The chest is long and well developed, the ribs are rounded. The belly is tucked up but not elevated.
The tail is low, in line with the spine. At rest, descends below the hock and the tip rises. In action, curves on the back.
The head of the Coton de Tulear it is short and triangular. The skull is quite wide and slightly domed, with the presence of a slight frontal groove. The stop is not very marked.
The eyes are round and wide apart, dark colored, and the look is alive and intelligent. The ears are triangular and droopy, high insertion. Located close to the cheeks, reach up to the corner of the lips.
The muzzle is straight, the nose is black (although brown color is tolerated), with wide open nostrils. The lips are thin and the same color as the nose.
Teeth are well aligned, articulated in scissors (the upper jaw covers the lower), in clamp (the two jaws are edge to edge) or articulated reverse without loss of contact (the jaws are not the same shape and shift to fit).
The coat is one of the most notable characteristics of the breed: it's cottony, very soft and flexible (never hard or rough), dense and abundant. It can also be slightly wavy.
The coat is generally white, but some auberization stains are allowed (white and tawny hairs) or gray (black and white hairs), especially on the ears.
These stains are also tolerated - but not sought- in other parts of the body, provided they do not alter the general white appearance of the coat.
Size and weight
▷ Male size: 26 – 28 cm.
▷ female size: 23 – 25 cm.
▷ Male weight: 4 – 6 Kg
▷ female weight: 3 – 5 kg
Varieties
There are a variety of Coton de Tulear which is completely black at birth. The legs, tail and head turn white after a few weeks, while the rest of the body takes on a silvery-gray hue in two to three years.
Call Panda, this variety is highly sought after in the United States and Canada.
Character and skills
The Coton de Tulear he is a very nice companion, with a cheerful and stable character: It's full of energy, spontaneous, loving and faithful. He loves to attract attention and does not hesitate to play a clown.
He is also a seducer capable of looking at his master with large innocent eyes or of clowning around in hopes of escaping punishment.. Observant and sensitive, knows how to recognize the right moments to achieve their goals, for example when his master is available to him, but he also knows how to find faults and take advantage of them.
So, not necessarily an ideal dog for a novice owner: if you love to please your master and, in fact, is generally considered quite compliant, can also be stubborn, like many small dogs. It should be noted that the females of this breed are usually more independent and dominant than the males..
Very sociable, the Coton de Tulear gets along with humans he meets, but instead is suspicious and / or fearful of strangers. It can be considered as an alarm dog, although their propensity to fulfill this role varies significantly across individuals, some being more territorial than others.
On the other hand, they tend to get along well with other dogs and animals, including cats, whether or not they belong to the house.
Vivaces and smart, they love to play and they especially like children, regardless of your age. In fact, It is a breed of dog recommended for children, for which it is an excellent playmate.
Both children and adults, These naughty and alert little dogs quickly become attached to their family and are very sensitive to the moods and emotions of their companions. This makes it an exceptional companion., endowed with empathy and considered a real stress reliever. They are very cuddly and like to cuddle with their owners and “talk to them” with a lot of vocalization and growling, and they are delighted to hear back.
Despite her delicate appearance, these resilient dogs are physically and mentally strong and easily adapt to change. Not afraid to travel or commute, the most important thing for him is to be with his family and share his activities. Otherwise, it is an ideal option for an owner who wants to take their dog on vacation, especially since its size also makes things easier.
On the other hand, cannot be left alone for long. If his owners work during the day and have no choice but to leave him home alone, the presence of another animal is an interesting option to avoid problems, such as destructive behavior or untimely barking, that can be important and wear down the nerves of the neighborhood. The Coton de Tulear It is also, usually, a pretty noisy dog, who likes to give the voice.
For this reason, for his good character and for his need in rather moderate exercise (30 minutes a day are enough for him), the Coton de Tulear It is a breed of dog adapted for elderly and / or not very active people. Easily adapts to a calm and sedentary lifestyle: a daily walk and play sessions are enough for your happiness. This low need for activity and its small size make it an ideal dog for apartments, although of course he is also happy in a house with a garden in the country. As long as you can exercise and are well trained, it is very quiet at home. Otherwise, they can be very energetic, to the point of being exhausting.
If you have free access to a garden, it is better that the latter is closed. The Coton de Tulear he's too attached to his family to really run away, and does not have a very marked hunting instinct, but your curiosity may push you to follow a clue and not find your way back. At the same time, early training to remember can greatly reduce the risk of problems, especially if allowed to walk without a leash.
In any case, having a garden, even if it is big, does not dispense with the need to walk it daily. In effect, walks are not only interested in allowing the dog to stretch its legs: allow you to possibly meet colleagues, which is always enriching, but also stimulate your senses (and especially his sense of smell), what is necessary for your psychic balance.
The Coton de Tulear also suitable for active owners: he likes nothing more than sharing family activities and appreciates dog sports such as obedience, el agility, the canine dance or the cavage. But, your endurance has its limits: not able to run long distances. So, not a companion to take for jogging or cycling.
Education
The Coton de Tulear is an intelligent dog that understands very quickly what is expected of him. He is constantly listening to his master, which makes it quite easy to educate, as long as certain conditions are respected, because he is also stubborn and very observant: easily detects faults and does not hesitate to take advantage of them to do just what you want. So, his master must show sweetness, but also firmness and great coherence, so as not to be taken at fault.
Must be educated from an early age and responds very well to dog training method positively, appreciating the rewards in the form of play, treats or caresses. But, since he is prone to getting bored quite quickly, puppy training sessions should not exceed ten minutes. It also, how he is a playful dog and that he can be very energetic, you have to show him very quickly the return to the basket (and therefore to calm down), as well as the recall.
Like all dogs, the Coton de Tulear also needs to be socialized very soon, to prevent him from becoming fearful or aggressive. It is also essential to get him used to being handled from a young age, since its coat requires important maintenance throughout its life.
Health
The Coton de Tulear It is a small and resistant dog that, usually, has a robust constitution and good health. It also, thanks to its particular fur, fears neither cold nor heat.
But, there are a number of more or less recurrent diseases to which they are prone:
One of the most frequent is progressive retinal atrophy. Genetic in origin, can reach various degrees of gravity, reaching the total blindness of the dog;
The Hip Dysplasia it's not weird either, y corresponds to a situation where the head of the femur does not fit into the corresponding socket of the hip. This causes pain, lameness and a prosthesis may be required;
Rarer are the patella dislocation and degenerative myelopathy, which generally appears around the 9 years and is characterized by a gradual loss of coordination. These conditions are not painful for the animal, but there is no treatment for them.
There is also no treatment for ataxia neonatal, which fortunately is not very widespread. This sickness, caused by a genetic mutation, affects the part of the brain that controls movement and coordination, so the puppies that suffer from it are unable to walk. They are usually euthanized before their first birthday.
In addition to these diseases with often serious consequences, the Coton de Tulear are prone to certain less serious problems, but they require a certain vigilance.
This is the case in particular of skin allergies. They cause itching that prompts the dog to scratch, with the key to a risk of infection.
You should also keep a close eye on your dog's eyes, since they usually run a lot: Cleaning daily or every other day is usually necessary to avoid eye inflammation or skin infection due to constant humidity.
Last, a dog with hanging ears is at increased risk of otitis, and the Coton de Tulear does not escape the rule. So, great vigilance is also to be established at this level.
Life expectancy
14 years
Grooming
The hair Coton de Tulear is abundant and requires daily brushing, knots can easily form at the base. If there are many, the only solution is even shaving.
So, it is necessary to get used to these daily sessions very soon, and it is necessary to take your dog to the groomer at least twice a year, to prevent hair from becoming too long.
This is all the more true since the Coton de Tulear It is a breed of dog that does not change. Loses very little hair, which makes it a hypoallergenic dog.
We can bathe him once a month, but always using a shampoo adapted for dogs that does not dry out the hair and skin (are prone to skin allergies), and drying it carefully after.
You also need to take care of your teeth by brushing them two to three times a week.. The ideal is, of course, a daily frequency, which is not a problem if you are used to it since childhood.
At the same time, regular inspection and cleaning of the eyes (all days, as it has a strong tendency to have watery eyes) and from the ears (at least once a week) will help avoid many problems like conjunctivitis, ear infections, ear scabies, etc.
Last, as with all dogs, nails may need to be trimmed from time to time. How often depends on your lifestyle, because a very active individual wears them out naturally. If you hear them snap on the ground when you walk, it's time to cut them out.
Food
The Coton de Tulear not a difficult dog to feed, and does not have a particular propensity to be overweight. Good quality small croquettes are perfect, and can be given in one or two meals. On this last case, it is advisable to opt for a lighter portion in the morning and a larger one in the evening.
In any case, your diet should be adapted to your age, health and activity level.
You should also make sure that your dog has a bowl of fresh, clean water at all times..
Utility
The Coton de Tulear he is essentially a companion dog with many qualities and rarely disappoints in this role.
For his sensitivity and playful nature, can also be used as a therapy dog, especially with depressed people.
Last, his vivacity and his permanent attention to his master make him stand out in certain canine sports such as agility or obedience.
Price
The price of a puppy Coton de Tulear registered in the LOF ranges from 1.000 and 1.500 EUR, but it can reach the 2.000 euros for the specimens of the most beautiful lines.
Breeders of the breed "Coton de Tulear"
Characteristics "Coton de Tulear"
Coexistence is important that you have with your new friend. Before considering the acquisition of a dog of the breed "Coton de Tulear" you know certain factors. Not all breeds of dogs are apt to live in an apartment, you must take into account his character, their need for exercise, their interaction with other pets, their care and if you have small children, their level of tolerance towards them.
Adaptation ⓘ
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Images "Coton de Tulear"
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Photos:
1 – Tuléar cotton by https://pixabay.com/es/photos/coton-de-tulear-perro-mascota-5799865/
2 – Tuléar cotton by https://pixabay.com/es/photos/el-coton-de-tulear-perro-2417968/
3 – Tuléar cotton by https://www.hippopx.com/es/puppies-coton-tulear-dog-animal-cotton-tulear-white-petit-domestic-animal-6371
4 – Coton de Tulear Puppy by EthanMallang365, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons
5 – Tuléar cotton by https://pixabay.com/es/photos/coton-de-tulear-perro-mascota-5799868/
6 – Conton de Tulear, Granadina de Domaine de la Louvière by CamilleVila, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons
The Cavalier King Charles spaniel it is small, loving and playful.
Content
History Cavalier King Charles Spaniel
The little ones “Spaniels” have been popular companion dogs for hundreds of years. They were found in royal courts and noble houses in Spain (where does the name of the Spaniel), France, England and Scotland, and they were often featured in portraits of their owners. A Scottish Stuarts were especially fond of dogs. Maria, Queen of Scots, she had a toy spaniel by her side when she was executed, to the same as their offspring, King Charles I of England. It was Carlos and his son Carlos II who lent their names to the dogs that eventually became known as the Cavalier King Charles Spaniel.
The popularity of the toy Spaniels began to decline after a new king, Guillermo, replace Jaime II (Stuart also) on the throne of England. William was the Netherlands, and favored the Pug. People began to cross the Pug and Spaniels, and eventually he changed his appearance, becoming flatter with a domed head. Dogs like those seen in old portraits practically disappeared, except for a few lines here and there, such as guarding the Churchill family at Blenheim Palace.
The dogs might have faded into the past except for one Roswell Eldridge, a wealthy American who offered a prize to anyone who could produce a dog like the ones he had seen in 17th and 18th century paintings.
New Spaniels
British breeders accepted the challenge and rebuilt race, working with him English Toy Spaniel long-nosed (called King Charles Spaniels in England). The first of the “new” Spaniels was exhibited in 1928 Crufts Dog Show in. Unfortunately, Eldridge did not live long enough to see, but his estate paid the prize. Since then, the Cavalier has evolved into what it is today: a robust and very popular companion, combining the curiosity of a hunting dog with the affection of a toy dog ​​by people.
The Cavalier ranks 23rd among breeds registered by the American Kennel Club, vs. 54th for the year 2000. This is one of the biggest jumps in popularity in the last decade..
Physical characteristics
Various health issues affect this particular breed, especially the mitral valve disease, leading to heart failure. This will appear in most Cavalier King Charles spaniel at some point in their lives and is the most common cause of death. As well, a high number of specimens usually have a genetic condition called Syringomyelia, which causes the brain to grow in greater proportion than the skull of the dog, i.e. the brain remains tight inside the skull causing havoc neuronal causing severe pain to the animal and uncontrollable tremors.
The measures vary between the different canine federations of the world. But there is a certain consensus that allows us to get an idea of the standard.
The eyes are large, round, well separated in the face. dark brown. The ears are placed high on the head, well separated, they are long with many fringes and moderately long hair (pen). Snout and bite: Slightly cropped. Length of the base of the stop to the tip of the nose must be of a 3,8 cm.. It prefers the Scissor bite. The tail has moderated with long fringe hair length (well defined pen). It keeps it behind the body, rarely higher than the back. It is always her moving when it is in action.
The height at the cross or the shoulders is of 30 to 33 cm and the weight of 4,5 to 8,2 kg.
The life expectancy of a Cavalier King Charles spaniel is of 11 to 12 years. Although there have been documented several cases that have managed to live until the 16 years.
The mantle is composed of soft hair, silky, of moderate length. It may be slightly hondeado. Should not cut you and has to be brushed frequently.
The colors of the mantle of this breed are basically four: Blenheim, Tricolor, ruby, Black and Brown.
Blenheim: base is White Pearl with well-defined chestnuts marks. The ears are the chestnut.
Tricolor: base is White Pearl with well defined black markings. The ears are black. On the eyes, cheeks, inside the ears and at the bottom of the tail is brown.
ruby: The solid reddish brown color is called a ruby.. Is considered a lack if you have white markings.
Black and Brown: is basic black with Brown markings above the eyes, cheeks, inside of the ears, on the chest, at the bottom of the tail and legs. Is considered a lack if you have white markings.
Character and skills
The Cavalier King Charles spaniel it is small, loving and playful. The typical Cavalier is always happy, confident and carefree, friend of everyone you know. True to its heritage “protective dogs”, to the Cavaliers they love to be on a lap.
The temperament of Cavalier goes from sweet and placid to tough and stubborn. Sweet and placid Cavaliers sometimes have the reputation of being fools, and stubborn for not being trainable, but in general, These dogs are intelligent and learn quickly. They respond well to positive reinforcement techniques, especially when they offered food rewards, but the harsh words will leave them or even try to hide. One Cavalier should never be shy or aggressive towards people or other dogs.
The Cavalier King Charles spaniel, ranks 44 on Stanley Coren's list of "The intelligence of dogs”.
The Cavaliers they live to be with their people. Dogs generally love children and do well in families with older children who throw them a ball, They teach them tricks or just hang out with them. But, due to its small size, the Cavaliers must be protected from clumsy young children who may fall on them or “fondle” too hard.
Some things to know about Cavaliers:
They love to lick, love to chase moving objects (especially Feathered) and can be manipulative when they want food (those eyes!). It is difficult or impossible to stop these behaviors, so it is necessary to find a way to avoid, how to keep the dog always tied in the cities and be firm when the Cavaliers wants to share the fries.
The Cavaliers is not perfect. any dog, no matter how pleasant it, You may develop obnoxious barking levels, digging and other undesirable behavior if you are bored, untrained or unsupervised.
Training of the Cavalier King Charles Spaniel
Start training your puppy the day you bring him home. Even at eight weeks old, He is able to absorb everything that can be taught. Don't wait until you have 6 months to start training or have to deal with more stubborn dog. If possible, Take it to a trainer so that when it is between 10 and 12 weeks old is a sociable dog. But, Note that many kinds of training puppies require certain vaccinations (such as kennel cough) stay up to date, and many vets recommend limited exposure to other dogs and public places until puppy vaccinations have been completed (including rabies, distemper and parvovirus).
Instead of formal training, you can start training your puppy at home and socialize with family and friends until immunizations are completed for puppies.
Talk to the breeder, Describe exactly what you want in a dog and ask for help choosing a puppy. Breeders see the puppies daily and can make amazingly precise recommendations once they know something about their lifestyle and personality.
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Characteristics “Cavalier King Charles spaniel”
Coexistence is important that you have with your new friend. Before considering the acquisition of a dog of the breed "Cavalier King Charles spaniel" you know certain factors. Not all breeds of dogs are apt to live in an apartment, you must take into account his character, their need for exercise, their interaction with other pets, their care and if you have small children, their level of tolerance towards them.
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Breeders of the breed "Cavalier King Charles spaniel"
Type and recognitions:
FCI CLASSIFICATION:
Group :
Section : . .
Federations:
– FCI – Group 9: Section 7: English Toy Spaniels ⓘ
– AKC – Toyⓘ
– ANKC – Group 1 (Toy) ⓘ
– CKC – Group 5 – (Toy) ⓘ
– KC – Toy ⓘ
– NZKC – Toyⓘ
– UKC – Group 8 – Companion dog ⓘ
FCI breed standard "Cavalier King Charles spaniel"
The Poodle is a CF dog, joyful, Nice, curious and intelligent.
Content
History
The Poodle is a breed of dog, from the fifteenth century to the present day, It is considered to be of exclusive use for the luxury of the aristocrats and nobles. Known for its woolly and curly coat, There are four varieties: Grand, Medium-, Dwarf and Toy.
Until the Renaissance, This was a collector of water dog, they retrieved the already hunted prey that had fallen into the water, such as ducks and swans.
In each language, the poodle Gets a different name:
English:Poodle, French Poodle
French:Caniche, Chien Canard
German:Pudel
Italian:Barbone Nano, Barboncino
Spanish:Caniche
From France, the Poodle is a descendant of Barbet, original German swamp; and in the middle ages, He was assigned to tumble as duck or goose birds hunting, so it was selected for characteristics such as its adaptability to boggy terrain and its resistance to water, What makes this breed, along with others are called water dogs.
From the 16th century, the poodles began to be famous for her beauty and intelligence, especially in various circus performances and works of art by various authors as Albrecht Dürer and Francisco de Goya. In the times of Louis XVI of France, their presence in the French court was already very common..
By changes in taste in its appearance, during the 19th century the protection of the fur that was scorned, until then, had the function of protecting him from hypothermia, What stylists began to create various courts such as the British Montano and the Continental. For the poodle newborns, began the custom of amputate the tail.
The Franco-Prussian War began the dissemination of the race as such, intended for millionaires and aristocrats. In the 20th century, only dominated the giant variety, Therefore, later, with the approval of the Canine Associations —such as the Kennel Club— the Standard varieties emerged. (low diffusion from 1792), Miniature (1911) and Toy (1957). In the final years of the 20th century, the hybrid race emerged “Labrapoodles” (combination of Poodleand with Labrador).
Did you know??
These canines curly hair are often considered the national dog of France, although the breed originated in Germany.
Physical characteristics
The four varieties of Poodle:
Poodle large:
Is believed to be the original variety of which emerged the other varieties, through crossings to reduce the size. The height at the withers varies from 45 to 60 cm., is supported 2 cm over, provided that the copy keep proportions. Y, they weigh around 30 kg.
Medium Poodle (or standard):
This type of poodle is perhaps, the less well known, and at the same time the more quiet. Measures of 36 to 44 Cross cm, and as in all sizes, just accept the plain colors in fur. The weight is commensurate with its size.
Miniature Poodle:
This variety has a height to the cross 28 to 35 cm.. You have to look like a medium-sized Caniche, but smaller and show no signs of dwarfism. As in the larger varieties, they are judged grouped by colors.
Toy Poodle:
The variety has a height of between 24 and 28 centimeters at the withers or height, provided that the proportions are maintained and that they do not present any symptoms of dwarfism. Are judged all together colors.
Depending on your health, a miniature poodle lives on average 14,8 years; one Toy 14,4 years; a medium Poodle also 14,4 years, and a Large Poodle live media 13,5 years. Although these data are quite accurate, It is not uncommon to see poodle small, of more than 18 years, or even of 20.
In the exhibitions held under the rules of the FCI, copies of black, White and Brown are judged in the same group to obtain the CACIB. The same applies to copies of grey, Apricot and Red; the best of each of these groups becomes a final judgment to determine the best copy of the variety.
For your care, Peel according to your style, requiring a dog hairdresser. Accepted the hair in the form of long-haired head, ears and neck, including legs. They do not loose too much hair and health must clean the eyes and ears. They should be washed with some frequency. The care of the fur is unconditional in this breed, so it is necessary to wash with exclusive dog shampoo and in no case with human shampoo, that damages the skin of the Caniche because it causes you to lose the natural oil that has in its hair and, in the long run, brings complications.
Their care has to be very guarded, because due to his long-haired Kale, thick and woolly, of a single type of hair, It can tangle with ease. They require cepillados every week (without going).
The baths should be monthly (It is not advisable or necessary to abuse these) with moisturizing shampoos and masks. It has to be dried with a dryer and never air. They are dogs that after the silent main hair puppy to adult not move almost hair and are nearly hypoallergenic.
There are many types of court, but students admitted for exhibition: Continental, Continental American, Scandinavian and Puppy Clip. The Court will be based on the structure of the dog and the taste of exhibitor or owner, the most widely used is the American Continental.
Apart from the common poodle, There is also the variety Cordelé, taking this more curly hair and being able to display in the form of strings as the Puli.
Health Poodles
Not all of these diseases affect standard poodles, but the conditions that can generally occur in poodles include the following:
Addison's disease and Cushing's syndrome are two sides of the same coin. In dogs with Addison's disease, the adrenal glands produce insufficient amount of the hormone cortisol. Dogs become lethargic, intolerant and depressed stress, and may have digestive problems. Some dogs may have an acute crisis, requiring hospitalization. The lifelong treatment involves the administration of drugs.
In dogs with Cushing's syndrome, the adrenal glands produce too much cortisol. Symptoms include weight gain, gasps, excessive thirst and hunger, bladder infections and urinating in the house but the dog has been previously trained. Cushing's disease is usually controlled with medication for life, but sometimes surgery is necessary.
Another hormonal problem seen in poodles is hypothyroidism (An inappropriate thyroid hormone). Symptoms include weight gain, loss of hair, lack of resistance to disease, excessive hunger and heat seeking. Normally supplements prescribed thyroid hormone to control the condition.
Progressive retinal atrophy (ARP) is an eye disease that can eventually lead hereditary blindness. Standard other potential eye problems in poodles and toy are cataracts and glaucoma. Poodles can also be affected by von Willebrand's disease (a disorder of blood clotting).
Although all Poodles, regardless of size, They are the same “race”, They not all have the same health problems. Poodles toy and miniature poodles share many common health problems for smaller breeds of dogs, as kneecaps that easily out of place (You dislocated kneecaps), breathing difficulties caused by a collapse of the trachea and dental problems due to the overcrowding of teeth within their small mouths.
The Toy Poodles can also suffer Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease, which causes a reduction of the blood supply to the head of the bone of the thigh, causing degradation. The first sign of this disease is lameness, that usually appears when the puppy has to 4 to 6 months of age. Treatment is surgical, after which the puppy can lead a relatively normal life apart from a greater chance of developing arthritis.
Standard Poodles, like many large breeds deep chest, They have an increased risk of swelling, also known as gastric dilation volvulus, a life-threatening condition in which the stomach twists on itself, trapping air inside. Swell dogs require immediate veterinary care and, usually, surgery to correct the problem. Since most dogs that swell once swell again, the surgeon may also recommend a procedure known as “turn of the stomach” or gastropexia, as a preventive measure.
A skin problem that can affect the toy poodles and standard is the sebaceous adenitis, an inflammation of the sebaceous glands that causes hair loss and skin problems. It can be diagnosed with a skin biopsy, but the effectiveness of treatment varies.
Hip dysplasia is an orthopedic problem beginning at puppyhood. Is a malformation and poor fit of the joint of the ball and socket hip. It may be a minor problem or life-altering disability. Treatment can range from something as simple as daily medication to major surgery., even a hip replacement.
Last, Standard Poodles have a higher incidence of certain cancers, including insulinoma and hemangiosarcoma, compared to some other breeds.
Not all of these conditions are detectable on a growing puppy, and it can be difficult to predict whether an animal will be free of these diseases, so it is necessary to find a reputable breeder who commit to raise healthier animals possible. Must be able to produce an independent certification that the parents of the dog (and grandparents, etc.) have been screened for these defects and considered healthy for breeding. That's where health records come in..
Careful breeders screen their breeding dogs for genetic diseases and breed only the healthiest and best looking dogs, but sometimes Mother Nature has other ideas and a puppy develops one of these diseases despite good husbandry practices. Advances in veterinary medicine mean that in most cases dogs can still live a good life.
Character and skills
Intelligent, loving, legal and naughty, those are the four words that the poodle enthusiasts describe the personality and character of this breed.
Despite his actual appearance, the poodle has a playful side, likes to interact with their owners, tends to be very friendly with people and always likes to please.
If we combine his legendary intelligence with its sociability gives as a result a dog highly entrenable.
A poodle, you have been taught canine manners, will have a quiet character, especially if you exercise regularly to burn off your natural energy.
The poodle is a protective dog that will not hesitate to use its bark when a stranger approaches its home., and although he is affectionate with the family, can take you some time socializing with other people.
An outstanding feature of the poodle is their intelligence (occupies the position No. 2 on classification of intelligence dog breeds by Stanley Coren).
It is often said that they have a human intelligence, an incredible cunning that amazes its owners. Of course, smart dogs can be tricky. They learn fast, both the bad and good habits
Basics of grooming poodles
The toilet is an important consideration in Poodles. Fine and curly coat that worked well when the Poodle spent his time in the water needs to be trimmed regularly, normally every 6 u 8 weeks, depending on the preferences of its owner. It easily fits and requires regular brushing at home, even with a professional grooming. If left untrimmed, coat will curl naturally strings, although some people prefer that aspect.
Dental care is important, particularly for Poodles Toys and Miniatures. Keep the much brushing her teeth with toothpaste approved by the vet pet and making a veterinarian make regular dental checkups.
Trim nails as needed, usually every week or two. They should not be so long that you can hear the click on the ground.
Characteristics "Poodle"
Coexistence is important that you have with your new friend. Before considering the acquisition of a dog of the breed "Poodle" you know certain factors. Not all breeds of dogs are apt to live in an apartment, you must take into account his character, their need for exercise, their interaction with other pets, their care and if you have small children, their level of tolerance towards them.
The Chihuahua It is considered the smallest breed in the world; receives the name of the largest state of the Mexican Republic (Chihuahua), where it is supposed to have lived in the wild and was captured and domesticated by the indigenous people during the time of civilization “Tolteca”; pigmy figures of a dog called “Techichi”, who lived in Tula, They were included in the decoration of its architecture which were very similar to the current Chihuahua.
There is a belief in some countries that the dog gave the name to the state of Chihuahua since the word “Chihuahua” means “arid and sandy place” in Rarámuri, language of the Tarahumara people. Although it is known as Chihuahua, the official name of the race is Chihuahueño, Chihuahua is the name adopted in United States for the race.
Some experts say dogs were among the first native dogs of the Americas, others that were brought to the New World after the Spanish conquest of Mexico. Others believe that small dogs may have originated as miniaturized versions of pariah dogs, the vague brown dogs with pointed ears that result when dogs are left to breed on their own without color selection or other specific characteristics. In any case, race takes its name from the state of Chihuahua, where American tourists at the end of the nineteenth century first found tiny canines.
Chihuahuas were brought to United States by American visitors who visited the North of Mexico and, later, presented at trade fairs Canófilas where they became known to worldwide.
The Chihuahua we know today was developed by American breeders. The first Chihuahua recorded by the American Kennel Club, in 1904, It was called Midget. Chihuahua Club of America was formed in 1923. Today, The Chihuahua ranks 13th among the breeds registered by the AKC.
Physical characteristics
The AKC (American Kennel Club) It recognizes two varieties of Chihuahua: long hair and short hair. Many short-haired Chihuahua have very fine hair, but others have a very dense and thick hair. Standards of breeding this dog not generally specify a height, only a weight and a description of its overall proportions. As a result, height varies more than within any other race.
Usually, the height range is between 15 and 25 cm to the cross. However, some dogs grow up the 30 to 38 cm.. AKC show dogs should weigh no more than 2,7 kg; the FCI standards mark dogs must weigh between 1,5 and 3 kg, Although most small dogs are acceptable in the show.
But, the quality pet Chihuahua (that is, those bred or purchased as companions rather than show dogs) can, and they achieve greater weight, until 4,5 kg or more if they have a skeletal structure that allows them to being overweight. This does not mean they are not purebred Chihuahuas, It only means that the requirements do not have to enter a display. Larger sized chihuahuas are seen equally in the best and worst bloodlines..
Usually their teeth are double, This demonstrates the purity of the breed.
Chihuahuas can have many colors, from solid black to white solid, spotted, or in a range of colors including Fawn (coffee), chocolate, blue (grey), Silver, tricolor (chocolate, blue, black or white with Brown and white markings), with lines, and speckled. Each of these colors varies in shades and intensities, coffee may be a term to describe a dog from a cream very pale to dark brown (almost Red), or any key within this range of colours.
Character and skills
The Chihuahua They are prized for their devotion and personality. Its state of alert, intelligence and size make them adaptable to a variety of environments, including the city and small departments, and usually live fifteen years or more. While often it considered the chihuahua as weak and fragile, correct training and socialization can result in an excellent companion animal.
The Chihuahua also have a reputation for being spoiled and impregnable, but that is often because people no effort to train. Chihuahuas are like any other dog I: They need consistent rules and structure if they will learn effectively.
Many chihuahua focus their devotion on one person, putting too jealous of human relationships of this person, This can be mitigated through proper socialization. The Chihuahua tend to have a nature of clans, preferring the company of other Chihuahuas over other dogs.
As well, important to take into account, These toddlers, They seem to have no concept of its size, and they may face other larger animals, which can cause damage and injury to our pet...
Health
Many Chihuahuas are sensitive to cold due to their small body size.. Chihuahua owners often dress their dogs in coats in cold weather, but for this, There is to get them, because if you do not, do not leave place fabrics above.
This breed requires a veterinary expert in areas such as development and care dental care. Chihuahuas tend to have genetic abnormalities, usually neurological, as epilepsy, strokes. Like other Toy breeds, They also tend to have dislocation of knee.
Another genetic abnormality in Chihuahuas and other Toy breeds is hydrocephalus, or water on the brain. This condition appears in young puppies and usually results in the death of the puppy, as much, six months of age. It is thought that this disease is diagnosed because the puppy has an abnormally large head during the first months of life, but other symptoms are more noticeable (because "a big head" is a very vague description). Chihuahua puppies showing hydrocephalus They have patched skulls plates rather than solid bone, and are typically lethargic and do not grow at the same rate as their siblings. A true case of Hydrocephalus can be diagnosed by a veterinarian, Although the prognosis is grim.
However some chihuahua may have what is called 'molera or fontanelle', and it is completely natural and accepted for race, which is a small hole in the head where they do not have bone, only skin and hair. The Chihuahua is the only breed of dog that is born with an incomplete skull.. The fontanelle It closes with age, but it requires great care during the first six months until the skull is fully formed.
Chihuahua tend to ocular infections, due to its large, round, protruding eyes and their relative proximity to the ground.
Chihuahuas can also be born with a liver defect known as portosystemic shunt, in which blood is diverted from the liver. This can cause a buildup of toxins in the body of the dog, stunted growth and can be fatal if not corrected with surgery.
The speckled chihuahua coloring, or parents with such coloration descendants tend to a number of additional complications of health. The mottled coloration is a carrier of other possible and severe ocular conditions and blindness, deafness, Hemophilia, sterility, and other medical conditions. Buyers who own or want to buy a speckled chihuahua should do some research on possible health conditions of this coloration.
The pregnancy of a Chihuahua, hard 2 months and the offspring measure between 3 cm to 5 cm..
Chihuahuas are omnivores, and you must be careful in providing an adequate and balanced nutrition. At the same time, be careful in not supercharge this small breed. Chihuahua overweight tend to have problems with ligaments, tracheal collapse, chronic bronchitis, and shortening of life expectancy.
Some potential buyers looking for extremely small animals; very small dogs, in any way, are false. You can be sick, or malnourished, or, If you are healthy, may suffer from short lifespans and health problems due to extreme dwarfism. They are not normally used for breeding, and may require special care. Some breeders chihuahua, they try to intentionally raise very small animals, and they increase the prices of smaller dogs, or specifically advertise very small animals. Most reputable breeders disapprove such practices, noting that it is difficult to predict the adult size of a puppy, and citing other problems discussed earlier.
In practice there has been an increase in people wanting to have a Chihuahua Pocket rejecting common size, This has changed the traditional pattern of raising this breed start doing that through the selection of specimens to breed chihuahua focusing on the size and eliminate the problems of a puppy that was born visibly smaller than others, many breeders reject this practice but it is a fact that the popularity of the “Pocket Chihuahua” has come to stay...
The tiny mouths often mean that there is no room for proper development of teeth. It is essential that a veterinary chihuahua receive regular dental care, and you may need to draw him some teeth to make room for proper development of the rest of the teeth in the mouth.
The Chihuahueno “Deer head” is the original Mexican Chihuahua, He was abroad where changed his appearance through crossing with other breeds, That is when its general appearance begins to change, now with a more prominent head and a stockier body, and it is precisely abroad where, by establishing the racial norm of the breed, this type of modified Chihuahua is established as the “standard” When is the original the type “deer” and even went beyond the damage to the original race to disqualify the type “deer” and qualify as one “abnormality”.
This “abnormality” is more popular than any Canófila Federation would like to accept.
“Deer” or “Deer head” These are terms that are used sometimes to describe copies of Chihuahua that does not have the standard appearance of the “Apple head” of the race. These terms are not official.
The Deer heads They are not admitted for competition, they are disqualified, they are not for sale.
The “Nano Chihuahua” term used in the United States are chihuahua that are described with head up, and a very long nose, is not something natural, they are like this because they suffered a deformation in the bones due to malnutrition, These terms are not official, and prohibited the sale of the “Nano Chihuahua”. Those that are accepted are Chihuahua “Apple heads”
The life of the chihuahua usually up to 15 years of age. The more small are dogs more life they have. Their life expectancy depends first of all of their food (It is necessary, good quality and which have no obesity). Example: Not offer cookies, fat, chocolates, sweet, bread, pork and, much less, chicken bones to chew it becomes small needles, and they stuck in its body until his death. Not to give anything of great food, simply their respective croquettes or latitas for small breeds.
Reproduction
The sexual cycle of the dog is, in comparison with the rest of the domestic animals, is unique in many ways, now that the time lag between periods of estrus (5-7 months) It is very long in proportion to the time of gestation (62 days), and ovulation occurs only once (but in several days) by zeal.
The sexual cycle is divided in 4 stages:
PROESTRO: have an average duration of 3-15 days. External manifestations are increasing the volume of the vulva, Vulvar blood loss and male attraction. At this stage the dog does not support mounting of the male.
ESTRO: popularly known as period of ZEAL. It has a duration of 3 to 10 days. The vulva is enlarged, There is a reduction of losses vulvar and attraction of male: It is at this time when ovulation occurs, mounting of the male and gestation.
DIESTRO: (of 110 to 140 days): This period includes the gestation, childbirth and lactation if occurred fertilization and the regression to normal tissues if not occurred.
ANESTRO (of 150 to 250 days): now there are no external signs and is the ideal for all kinds of interventions (ovary hysterectomy).
So that, ovulation takes place during the mating season and it's a spontaneous ovulation. Most often it is between the day 10 and 14 the beginning of zeal, Although in less of 1 minute can be confirmed with a vaginal smear performed by a veterinarian.
Pregnancy in the bitch has a duration of 58 to 63 days. The normal delivery period ranges from 5 and 24 hours, and alghourscasos, mainly if they are first-time, the time may be extended until 36 hours.
The delivery mechanism is divided into three phases:
The first phase corresponds to the opening and relaxation of the cervix for the exit of the puppies.. The female trembles, Pant and may vomit. The vulvar lips thicken and a yellowish-white viscous liquid escapes from the lower corner.. You can see uterine contractions, but always of weak intensity. go in circles, recuesta in soil, and does not want to eat or drink (Although some females show a voracious appetite).
The dog chooses a quiet, dark place, and he prepares his paridera breaking rags and materials; It is desirable to provide elements so that you can make this work, more usual is the role of journal. Nothing should bother to her around.
The second phase is the expulsion of the puppies. The female is lying in position on one side, with the face directed towards your abdomen and contractions begin each 2 or 3 minutes, with great effort.
Grooming
Chihuahuas have two types of hair:
smooth and long. The Chihuahuas smooth They carry a velvety coat, bright and tight and have a collar – an area hair thicker and longer – around the neck. Coverage have little hair on the head and ears. The tail should be hairy, not naked. Brush them weekly with a rubber glove or soft bristle brush to remove dead hair and keep their skin and coat healthy.
The Long haired chihuahua It is the product of a recessive gene, which means that a puppy must have the gene from both parents to express long hair, so it is not seen in litters as often as smooth. The long, soft fur is flat or slightly curly, and the dog has a collar around the neck, fringed ears, feathers on the legs and a tail plumed. Hair from the rest of the body is almost as soft as soft straight hair Chihuahua. The long-haired Chihuahua are beautiful, and they are easy to comb, but the hair falls are seasonal.
Long robe brushing with soft bristle brush once or twice a week. Use a stainless steel comb to remove tangles of hair ears, legs and tail.
If brush to the faithful chihuahua, should not need frequent baths. But, If you spend much time on your couch or in bed, there is nothing wrong with bathing as often as twice a week. Use a mild shampoo made for dogs and dry it well so it doesn't get cold. Never let it sit and dry to the outdoors.
Keep clean your big ears chihuahua with a solution recommended by your veterinarian. Do not use cotton swabs within the ear; They can push dirt deeper. Laa orejaa clean with a cotton ball, I never deeper than the first knuckle of your finger.
Cut off nails regularly, usually every two weeks. They should never be so long that hear smacking on the floor.
Characteristics "Chihuahua"
Coexistence is important that you have with your new friend. Before considering the acquisition of a dog of the breed "Chihuahua" you know certain factors. Not all breeds of dogs are apt to live in an apartment, you must take into account his character, their need for exercise, their interaction with other pets, their care and if you have small children, their level of tolerance towards them.
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Images “Chihuahua”
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credits:
1. triplet chihuahua by Caterinarufo / Public domain
2. Chihuahua by https://www.pexels.com/es-es/foto/animal-chihuahua-mascota-ojos-50718/
3. Chihuahua by https://pxhere.com/es/photo/60641
4. Blue merle chihuahua by Nuclearblitz12 / CC BY-SA
5. Chihuahua by https://www.pexels.com/photo/photo-of-tan-chihuahua-1048236/
6. A Chihuahua protecting its bone by David Shankbone / CC BY
7. standard chihuahua by Caterinarufo / Public domain
8. Buddy the Chihuahua by Jean G – HTTPS://www.flickr.com/photos/whatjeanlikes/
9. Chihuahua by https://www.pxfuel.com/es/free-photo-xzmeb
The Flat-coated Retriever should be rediscovered as a companion dog and also for work, because it is still preferred to Labrador Retriever and to a lesser extent to Golden Retriever
Scottish game wardens developed the Flat-coated Retriever from crosses between the Irish Setter, st john's dogs (already extinct) and the Newfoundland. These last two races, originating from the island of Newfoundland, had been imported by Canadians a few decades earlier, in 1814. These marriages gave rise to Retriever-type canines that could easily evolve both on land and in water.. In particular, hunting guard J. Hull got two dogs named Old Bounce and Young Bounce (father and daughter, respectively), distinguished by their physical and mental abilities. They were used as models to establish the general traits of the breed, so they played a great role in its creation. Although the resulting dogs had wavy hair - they were called Wavy-Coated Retrievers-, the crossing with the Collie and the Labrador Retriever was softening the coat of this dog.
The first representatives of the breed as we know it today were born in the decade of 1860, and many other breeders contributed to its development. We can mention in particular Sewallis E. Shirley, Ettington breeder and founder of The Kennel Club, the british canine club. In the Decade of 1880, established the physical traits of the breed and drafted its official standard. We can also mention a breeder named Braisfort who, in 1869 in Birmingham, was the first to exhibit a representative at a dog show.
The Flat-coated Retriever was first used to help fishermen, retrieving fish or objects dropped in the water in their place. In the 19th century it was especially popular with cod fishermen. But, with the evolution of fishing techniques, professionals gradually began to dispense with their services, but then they were recovered by the hunters. The latter also appreciated his swimming skills, since it was able to bring back the birds that had fallen into the water after being shot by their owner.
The Flat-coated Retriever it was a very popular hunting dog until the end of the First World War, especially for hunting, both on land and in the water. But, the Labrador Retriever and the Golden Retriever they came to dethrone him, causing a great decrease in the number of specimens of the breed in the interwar period and causing it to be in danger of extinction at the beginning of the decade of 1960. The work of the breed's enthusiasts was not enough to restore its reputation: at the end of the decade, was again present in large numbers in the country, though it never regained its former popularity. In fact, the number of breeders interested in it was still limited, even at that time, but this not only had disadvantages: some believe it helped them retain many of the historical qualities of the Flat-coated Retriever, starting with his great capacity for work, his intelligence and his gentle and calm character. Its official recognition by the Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI), that came a few years before (in 1954), also helped to regain its reputation.
Worldwide, this dog is still relatively underrepresented. In United States, for example, although it is recognized by the American Kennel Club for more than a century (more specifically since 1915, when he was in decline in his home country) and by the United Kennel Club from 1984, it only ranks slightly higher than 100 in the ranking of breeds according to the number of annual registrations in the organization. His position there is quite stable, contrary to what is observed in France, where it is getting more and more popular. In fact, yes at the beginning of the years 80 less than 10 births per year in the Société Centrale Canine, this figure suddenly increased to 35 in 1987 and then increased almost continuously to about 200 births per year in the early 1990s 2000 and overcome the 300 about fifteen years later.
But, it is not surprising that their presence is greater in their country of origin, with an average of 1.200 births registered each year in The Kennel Club, the British organization of reference. The trend has remained stable in the last ten years.
Photo: One “Flat-coated Retriever” liver colored by Fesoj-wr, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons
Physical characteristics
At first sight, I might think that the Flat-coated Retriever it seems like a Golden Retriever black or brown. In fact, the two breeds are so similar that in the past the second was presented at dog shows as a variety of the first. In fact, they are two different races, but the Golden Retriever descends in part of the Flat-coated Retriever and, like this, developed as a hunter for land and water game.
The Flat-coated Retriever they are medium sized dogs, harmonious and with a lively and intelligent expression. The male is usually more imposing than the female, measuring up to about 5 cm taller and weighing up to ten kilos more than the female.
His body is harmonious and well proportioned. The chest is wide and deep, and the spine is short and quite square. The legs are muscular and of solid bones. They are straight when viewed from the front and lead to strong round legs with tight toes.
The tail is quite short, straight and well placed. Always carries it high, but never over the back and hardly ever stops wiggling.
The head is rather long and the skull is rather flat. Jaws are long and strong, capable of carrying medium-sized game animals, such as hares or pheasants. They are shaped like scissors and cover the teeth firmly implanted in the gums.. The ears are quite small, drooping and well placed on top of the head. The eyes are medium in size and hazel or dark brown..
As the name suggests, the fur of the Flat-coated Retriever It is smooth. Black or dark brown, it is also dense and of medium length. This protects the Flat-coated Retriever of all kinds of weather conditions, from water and dirt. His hair is longer in his ears, the chest, the belly, limbs and tail. Males also have longer and more abundant hair on their necks., that resembles a mane.
Height and weight
▷ Male size: Of 58 to 61 cm.
▷ female size: Of 56 to 59 cm.
▷ Male weight: Of 27 to 36 kg
▷ female weight: Of 25 to 32 kg
Character and skills
The Flat-coated Retriever It is part of the large family of Retrievers and is particularly close to the Golden Retriever, both physically and in terms of temperament. But, one of the main differences is that they generally mature more slowly than other dogs and have a puppyish exuberance throughout their lives, which is why they are sometimes called the “Peter Pan from the Retrievers”. This great energy and vitality make it a wonderful and endearing companion., especially for children. On the other hand, It also implies that a certain amount of patience is necessary in their education.
In fact, although he likes to please, the Flat-coated Retriever it can also be somewhat stubborn. This is partly because he loves to entertain himself., but sometimes this means ignoring or disobeying your master. Yes indeed, they are usually good students and are sensitive to reprimands. This sensitivity also means that overly strict and rigid training methods are often not in your best interest., as they can lead you in the wrong direction and make you even more stubborn. So, it is better to favor a dog training method based on positive reinforcement, that is to say, in the reward of good behavior; is the case of clicker training, for example. Food in particular can do wonders for this dog, since it represents an important motivation for him. The Flat-coated Retriever It is an extremely greedy dog, and you can also remember it outside of work sessions: at the slightest drop in attention from its owner, is capable of stealing any food you have on hand, wherever you are. So, it is advisable to be careful not to leave food lying around for this dog who seems to be always hungry.
Tolerant and friendly, loves everyone, even the smallest. Combined with your enthusiasm, these traits even make it an ideal breed of dog for children. But, children must be a certain age: with young children, its exuberance and high energy could lead to unwanted jostling and tail slapping. His rather easy-going and very friendly personality also makes him a good companion for young retirees., as long as you can take him out for regular walks and meet his important exercise needs.
In general, loves human company, has strong ties to his family and needs their attention. Loves to play for hours and especially thrives in a large family.
His good understanding with humans extends to those he does not know. If he barks when a visitor arrives, is to inform his master, and not because he considers any stranger a threat. Very welcoming and friendly, he tends to quickly like any new person who meets him - especially if that person is nice to him- and enjoy the visits, it's made for anything but guard. On the other hand, its great closeness to humans and its great need for attention make it a dog that does not tolerate loneliness well. If he lives in a family too small for him, runs the risk of being unhappy and developing destructive behaviors.
Living with other dogs does not usually pose problems. Can also get along very well with a cat, provided adequate socialization work has been done. On the other hand, it is better to avoid the idea of ​​living with birds or rodents, since his hunting instinct would lead him to chase them.
It also, though it's pretty quiet inside, not really suitable for apartment living. He's a hunter at heart, who likes to exercise in spacious environments that give them the opportunity to run or swim. He is also one of the best swimmers and loves the water, never seems happier than when rolling around in puddles, jump in the fountains or just take long dips in the lakes, rivers and other bodies of water that it finds on its way. You need to spend at least an hour and a half each day to feel good in your paws and on your head. So, who thinks about adopting a Flat-coated Retriever you must ensure that it can provide you with living conditions that are compatible with your needs, because if you can't exercise enough, can quickly develop behavior problems, like stress or aggression.
Education
The Flat-coated Retriever learn very fast, but it is very sensitive: whatever happens, you must be careful not to punish your dog too often or too harshly, as it will remember and could become resistant to work sessions. On the other hand, the use of a dog training method based on positive reinforcement - and, Therefore, in the use of rewards- like clicker training, for example, it comes in handy. It must be said that for him food is an important source of motivation that it would be a shame not to use during work sessions..
The fact that he is late to maturity sometimes complicates his education a bit.. So, it is advisable to just be patient and calm, and above all show great coherence, because this intelligent dog does not stop interpreting every movement and every word of his master. With everything, it is quite simple to train, and the time spent on short work sessions from an early age is a profitable and long-lasting investment in a compliant adult partner.
It also, as with any dog ​​of any breed, early socialization can only be beneficial in every way. The Flat-coated Retriever is spontaneously very sociable and open to changes in his environment, and quality socialization, through exposure to all kinds of people, animals, sounds and situations, reinforces these traits, making it even more balanced and perfectly suited to evolve in the midst of humans. In particular, can be especially helpful to avoid confusing cats, birds or rodents with the game.
Health
First of all, It should be noted that the Flat-coated Retriever takes some time to reach full physical maturity and, like all large dog breeds, is especially fragile during its growth period. Depending on the individual, the growth period lasts until 12 or 15 months. So, even if it is a breed with a great need for exercise, avoid any excessive exercise during this phase, at the risk of damaging your joints, often irreparably. In particular, stairs and activities that involve jumping should be avoided. You should also avoid excessively long walks: prior to the 3 months, are enough of 5 to 10 minutes, then it should not exceed half an hour until it has completed the 10 months.
It also, black individuals are especially sensitive to high temperatures. It is advisable to watch out for any signs that suggest heatstroke during the hottest seasons., as the dog's body can quickly overheat.
Having said that, the Flat-coated Retriever is generally in good health. But, like all races, may be subject to certain problems, some of which are hereditary: hip dysplasia. When adopting a Flat-coated Retriever of a breeder, it is advisable to find out about the tests carried out on breeders and their offspring, as this will help rule out certain diseases.
Thus, sometimes have a patellar dislocation, that is to say, a knee slipping out of place, what causes lameness. Long-term, friction caused by this dislocation can also lead to arthritis problems in the dog. Depending on the severity of the dislocation, surgery may be necessary.
like most big dogs, the Flat-coated Retriever you also have an increased risk of hip dysplasia: the femur does not fit perfectly into the pelvic socket of the hip joint. Some individuals may experience pain and lameness in one or two of the hind legs., but others show no symptoms. But, as the dog ages, osteoarthritis problems may appear. How this disease is hereditary, dogs that test positive for hip dysplasia are excluded from breeding. This is at least what every serious breeder of Flat-coated Retriever, and it is advisable to make sure of this when adopting a puppy from a breeder, asking parents' test results.
Another problem to which the Flat-coated Retriever is the dilation-torsion of the stomach. This serious and life-threatening syndrome affects large dogs with deep chests. Air or gases build up in the dog's stomach, that twists and does not allow its evacuation. Even worse, compresses the surrounding veins, thereby interrupting blood flow. No immediate veterinary care, the animal dies very quickly.
The different types of dog cancer also especially affect this breed.
Osteosarcoma, for example, especially affects large dogs, and the Flat-coated Retriever is no exception. It is a fairly aggressive bone cancer, which initially causes lameness. This disease usually leads to amputation of the affected limb and heavy chemotherapy. Unfortunately, it is very rare for a dog to survive this disease, as the problem is often diagnosed too late. According to the case and once identified, those affected may live between 9 months and 2 years longer than if they had not been treated, thanks to adapted treatments.
Another form of cancer to which this dog is more exposed is malignant histiocytosis. Although this form of cancer is rare, is the most commonly observed in this breed, and is usually contracted from 6 years of age. Appears as a localized mass, most often in the elbow or knee, and progresses very quickly once it appears. Can be treated with surgery and chemotherapy, but healing changes are usually small.
The Flat-coated Retriever you can also get lymphosarcoma, one of the most common cancers seen in dogs of all breeds. It can appear in various parts of the body, like spleen, the gastrointestinal tract, lymph nodes, the liver and bone marrow.
In this dog it is also more subject is hemangiosarcoma. This form of malignant cancer is found in the lining of blood vessels and in the spleen. Can be treated with surgery and chemotherapy, but also in this case the affected animal has little chance of recovery.
Grooming
Contrary to what her long dark hair might suggest, the Flat-coated Retriever it is an easy-care breed.
His coat requires weekly brushing, or even a little more if you are regularly abroad. Some owners go so far as to brush it every day to prevent its long, fallen hair from falling throughout the house.. Longer hairs can also be cut, that is to say, those with the ears, the feet, belly and tail; this prevents dirt from accumulating on rides.
The bath should not be prescribed too regularly, but it can be useful in case the dog with long enough hair gets too dirty, for example, as a result of an excursion in a muddy environment. Otherwise, bathe the dog in 2 to 3 times a year is more than enough to keep their coat in good condition, in addition to weekly brushing.
If you come across a water point during one of your walks, the Flat-coated Retriever often tempted to take a dip. If this happens, it is advisable to rinse the Retriever once it has come out of the water, especially if the water is chlorinated, is salty or contains algae, in order to prevent any skin problems and keep it clean.
Trimming your dog's nails once or twice a month can also help.. Contrary to what one might think with such an active dog, natural wear and tear is usually not enough, since its claws grow quite quickly.
It also, as in the case of any dog with floppy ears, it is necessary to clean them weekly to avoid any risk of infection.
The weekly grooming session should also be an opportunity to take care of your eyes, to make sure there are no problems (tearing, Red eyes…) and to clean the contours with clear water.
It is also necessary to take advantage of this time to clean the teeth. Brushing your dog's teeth helps prevent tartar buildup and the problems that come with it, starting with strong breath.
To avoid any uncomfortable reaction due to its size, it is advisable to get used to being handled as soon as possible, either by his master or by a third person. Learn to take care of the puppy, the noises, the smells and the manipulations involved, should be an integral part of your education.
Use
Used for over a century as a hunting dog, the Flat-coated Retriever continues to excel in this role today. They are suitable for all types of hunting, but they are especially good at tracking smaller animals. They are especially appreciated for their great ability to recover birds that have fallen into the water.
It is also a perfect companion dog, especially for a sports master or family. Anyone who dreams of going for a run with their dog - or even taking long walks- you will find in him an ideal companion, and also stands out in canine sports that take advantage of their physical qualities, like agility, the cani-cross or the flyball.
On the other hand, even if you are the first applicant and have a great need for exercise, It should not be forgotten that it takes time to reach full physical maturity and that, in the meantime, you have to save him. These may include, excessive exercise could cause deformities or alter the correct development of your joints, often with lifelong consequences.
Price
Although less common than some of its Retriever cousins, find a Flat-coated Retriever in Europe it does not present any special difficulties, Unlike, for example, of United States, where months of waiting may be necessary.
The cost of adopting a puppy from Flat-coated Retriever of a quality breeder ranges from 900 and 1200 EUR. Obviously, depends more or less on the quality of your lineage and the reputation of the breeder, as well as their physical qualities. There are no price differences according to the sex of the puppy.
Characteristics "Flat-coated Retriever"
Coexistence is important that you have with your new friend. Before considering the acquisition of a dog of the breed "Flat-coated Retriever" you know certain factors. Not all breeds of dogs are apt to live in an apartment, you must take into account his character, their need for exercise, their interaction with other pets, their care and if you have small children, their level of tolerance towards them.
The Curly-coated Retriever Unlike the others “Retrievers” is very good guardian.
Content
History
The Curly-coated Retriever It has existed since the late 18th century and is originally from the United Kingdom. It is the oldest Retriever type breed, and it is even believed that the first dog was used as a hunting dog.
Its exact origins are unclear., but he is believed to have many ancestors, as the Wetterhoun, the Irish Water Spaniel, the Newfoundland, the Barbet and races already extinct, as the “St. John's Newfoundland”, the “Old english spaniel”, the “Large rough spaniel”, the “Tweed Spaniel”, the “English spaniel” 16th century, the “Setter retriever” and the “Lesser newfoundland”. The curly hairs on his coat are the subject of debate among specialists: some say they are due to crossing with Poodle during the 19th century, while others argue that it owes them to Irish Water Spaniel o al Wetterhoun, and that Poodle it only improved the curls.
Bred to hunt birds, especially pheasants, quail and grouse, the Curly-coated Retriever could retrieve its prey from water or tall grass with great ease. They were highly prized by game rangers, who considered them perfect companions, and by Roma nomads, those who helped track the hunt. His great courage and sense of perseverance were highly appreciated and useful during hunting parties..
His first official appearance at a dog show was in 1860 in Birmingham (United Kingdom). Originally, the Curly-coated Retriever and the Flat-Coated Retriever were exhibited together as one dog. But, it soon became more and more common to display them separately, that is to say, as different races.
The Curly-coated Retriever reached their peak in the mid-19th century. They were highly prized by hunters and were even shipped in large numbers to New Zealand. (in 1889) and to Australia, especially to the areas near the Murray River, to carry out the same missions that were entrusted to them in the United Kingdom, but also sometimes to hunt kangaroos. Here, too, he did not fail to demonstrate his great courage and his formidable hunting skills.. But, The strong> Curly hair catcher of these territories were raised in a slightly different way than those of Europe, since breeders were looking for a finer morphology. Between the years 50 and 60, Australian breeders imported Darelyn Aristocrat, Sarona Simon, Banworth Simon, Banwort Athene y Pegasus, dogs that have been of great importance in the evolution of the breed, since they are still in the family tree of most of their local representatives.
In Europe, the breed was one of the first to be recognized by the Kennel Club (KC), which remains today the reference canine organization in the United Kingdom, after its creation in 1873. But, early twentieth century, the breed's popularity declined quite quickly, largely due to the arrival of the Labrador Retriever, that many hunters began to prefer. The conflicts of the first half of the 20th century did not help. After World War I, there were only a handful of people registered. Work was done to increase the number of registered hunters, but WWII soon ruined these efforts.
The Curly-coated Retriever arrived in the United States in 1907 hailing from the UK and the breed was recognized by the American Kennel Club (AKC) in 1924. But, remained quite rare in America, at least until the end of the decade 1960, when many specimens were imported from Australia, England and New Zealand, where the brood was most developed. The breed was accepted in 1960 by the United Kennel Club (UKC), the other reference canine organization in the country. But, until 1979 no breed club was created, the “Curly-Coated Club of America”, which highlights the relative lack of interest in race. But the breed remained rare in this territory, and it still is today. The same is true in Canada, where it was introduced shortly after.
It was also accepted by the Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI) in 1954.
In the news, the Curly-coated Retriever is the breed of “Retrievers” less represented in the world. Its total population is estimated at about 5.000 individuals, of which approximately 2.000 are in the United States. Occupies the position 160 (of something less than 200) in the breed classification established by the AKC based on the number of annual registrations in the organization.
In the United Kingdom, the KC records about 70 births per year. The exact figure sometimes varies significantly from year to year., but the trend has remained stable throughout 2010.
Less than in Australia, which is one of the countries with the largest contingent of representatives of the breed, since there he is still especially appreciated for his hunting skills. Since the middle of the first decade of the 21st century, a hundred dogs are registered each year in the Australian National Kennel Council (ANKC), the reference body of the country. But, This represents a decrease with respect to the figures observed since the mid-1990s. 1980 until the dawn of the new millennium and the beginning of the decade of 1990, when there were some 150 births per year, and even more than 200 in some years.
In France, the Curly-coated Retriever still very weird: since the years 90, with some exceptions, barely more than 10 copies per year in the Livre des Origines Français (LOF).
Physical characteristics
Sometimes it is confused with the “Labradoodle” (mix of Labrador Retriever and Poodle), the Curly-coated Retriever stands out above all for its fur decorated with many small curls. They are solid, always upright and with a body slightly longer than tall. Chest is deep, deep and deep, reaching to the elbows. Its upper line is very horizontal, their loins are short but strong. The neck is of medium length and opens to muscular, sloping shoulders.
The tail is a harmonious extension of the topline., that reaches the hocks. In general, carried straight and horizontal.
The front legs are straight, well placed under the body, and the rear ones are muscular. The legs are rounded and have webbed toes, which contributes to being an excellent swimmer.
The head is quite angular and has a skull the same length as the muzzle. The nose is the same color as the fur, that is to say, black or liver. The eyes are large and oval in shape. They are dark brown in black-coated dogs and any shade of brown in liver-coated dogs.. The ears are drooping and quite small.: reach a little above the eyes. The jaw is powerful and scissor-shaped., but no less delicate for that: this allows it to return its prey to the hunter without damaging its skin.
The coat of the Curly-coated Retriever is your brand. Has a black or brown fur (liver) solid formed by small curls that remain glued to the skin and cover the body from head to tail, although sometimes they are somewhat looser in the ears. The hair has a fairly soft texture but is very resistant, and provides excellent protection against water, the climate and vegetation. They are usually a little longer in the ears, the belly, the thighs, feet and legs. During the exhibitions, the hair on the tail is usually trimmed for purely aesthetic reasons. Last, does not have undercoat. On the other hand, their fur is usually somewhat oily, making you more likely to cause reactions in people with dog allergies.
Last, the breed is characterized by a fairly marked sexual dimorphism: not content with being bigger than female, the male is also noticeably more massive, with a much more developed musculature.
Size and weight
▷ Male size: Of 67 to 70 cm.
▷ Female size From 62 to 64 cm.
▷ Male Weight From 31 to 36 kg
▷ Female Weight From 31 to 36 kg
Varieties
Murray River Curly Coated Retriever
Since the 19th century there has been a smaller version of the Curly-coated Retriever, call “Murray River Curly-Coated Retriever”, but it is not recognized by canine organizations, incluido el Australian National Kennel Council (ANKC) from his native Australia.
Not all breeders of Curly-coated Retriever they have the same opinion: some consider him a distinct breed, while others see it simply as a variety of this type of “Retrievers”. But, DNA tests performed on 2010 they showed that the “Murray River Curly-Coated Retriever” is closer to Spaniels than Retrievers. In fact, is the result of the crosses between these two types of dogs: the American Water Spaniel, the Irish Water Spaniel, the “English Springer Spaniel”, the Chesapeake Bay Retriever and the Curly-coated Retriever.
Character and skills
The Curly-coated Retriever he is extremely endearing and is very attached to his family, to which he is very attached: wants to literally follow them everywhere from morning to night, without enjoying more than sharing their various activities.
Very playful regardless of age, gets along especially well with children, who are excellent playmates for him, and vice versa: they can spend hours together enjoying themselves in a happy and jovial atmosphere. He especially likes to search for and retrieve objects such as a ball, often to the delight of the little ones. So, it is clearly a recommended dog for children, but keep in mind that a dog should never be left with a small child without adult supervision. This is true for all races, but it is even more so with an animal of such size, since it is easy to push or even run over it by accident.
Although it is less demanding than the Labrador Retriever or the Smooth-haired Retriever, the Curly-coated Retriever need a good dose of daily physical activity. His owners must be able to allow him to exercise for at least one hour each day.
This can be done, of course, taking walks and playing with the children, but also, for example, practicing various sports for which it is especially indicated, like agility, the flyball or the discdog. The ob-rythmée allows you to show the quality of your education, and reinforce it at the same time.
It also, if a lake is found on the road during a walk, no hesitation in letting yourself take a dip in it: the Curly-coated Retriever feels like all Retrievers an undisguised pleasure to evolve in the water, and he is an excellent swimming dog.
In short, the need to exercise Curly-coated Retriever it is real, but it is not excessive, what makes it perfectly compatible, for example, with active retired people, who love to go for walks and find ways to let her get enough steam out each day if walks alone aren't enough.
This is especially true if they have, for example, a large garden in which you can run as you please. A house with a garden is also the best environment for a Curly-coated Retriever, since he likes to move outdoors. Thus, not really suitable for apartment living.
But, its place is not a niche at the bottom of a garden or in a park: the attachment to his family makes it difficult for him to bear being so far away from her. Has to evolve by your side, In the House.
It also, to the Curly-coated Retriever he does not like to be alone. Even though I appreciate dog puzzles, that keep you busy for a while and stimulate you intellectually, gets bored quickly in the absence of their masters, and may become noisy or develop destructive behaviors. So, not recommended for an owner who is away most of the day (for example, because of work) and that, therefore, can't spend a lot of time with your pet.
A solution to avoid loneliness is to have him share his daily life with another dog. He is very friendly and sociable with his companions, and thrives when in contact with them, which makes it an ideal option for a household that already has one or more dogs.
If you know him from a very young age, can also live very well with a rodent, a bird or a cat. But, there is often a difference between those you don't know and those you live with. Tends to confuse the former with prey, whereas normally there is no possibility of this happening with the seconds. So, despite being sociable with other human beings, Precautions should be taken during the first encounter between a Curly-coated Retriever and a cat, rodent or bird that is unknown to you.
If he Curly-coated Retriever is able to make his family happy and to integrate wonderfully into it, do not be fooled: Your ride is not like a long calm river. In fact, although at first glance it seems very easy to live with him and he is a close cousin of the Golden Retriever and of the Labrador Retriever, who are reputed to be races “easy”, not as easy to handle as they.
In fact, sometimes he can be somewhat distant and indifferent to orders. Being very smart, they like to judge what is good for them and what is not, and they are more independent than their cousin the labrador. For this reason, sometimes it's hard to get their attention when you've decided you don't like an exercise, for example.
It is also a dog that matures slowly, so you have to be patient at first. It also, if used for hunting, it is quite vain to expect me to work before 2 or 3 years, because he is not very efficient during his prolonged period of adolescence. But, knows how to compensate later, showing its great qualities as a working dog: armed with a very strong determination, don't give in until homework is done.
While waiting for the threshold at which you have reached -finally- Adulthood, what is around 3 years, sustained training is necessary to be obedient, and also to try to make it less destructive. In fact, during all this time, far from being the wisest, since it has a tendency to tip over and, above all, to chew everything in its path. In fact, any fragile or valuable object should be kept out of their reach. Nor should we be surprised to see him walking with slippers or cushions: be destined to inform for centuries, take objects in the mouth and move them (potentially degrading them in the process) it's literally without your genes. At the beginning, it may also be wise to give access to only a few rooms in the house, thus limiting breakage. You should also offer him toys that he can easily damage, to try to direct your attention to objects that are safe. You can also bite the hands of those around you.
Distrustful of strangers, he is shy at first with the guests, although he verifies that his master welcomes them very positively. On the other hand, when faced with a human being who is obviously unwelcome, he is quite protective and even impressive, and won't stop barking loudly to deter the intruder. It is an excellent watchdog.
On the other hand, if you are balanced and capable enough to exercise, not especially loud, and only uses his voice to warn of the arrival of a stranger.
Observations
The Curly-coated Retriever, It is a rare watch dog and find, both in their country of origin and in the rest of the world.
A key characteristic in his character, unlike other Retrievers, is that he is usually very reñidor with other dogs, and that can that he has hindered its spread…
Education
To the Curly-coated Retriever fundamentally loves to learn; once you are motivated, training sessions are a pure pleasure, and progresses exponentially.
But, this motivation does not come naturally, since he has a tendency to judge for himself the interest of each of the exercises that are proposed to him. If you are not convinced by the day's activity, does not stop letting you know, in particular being ostensibly distant; So, sometimes it's hard to get their attention. You also need variety, so it is necessary to be able to regularly introduce something new to keep it receptive: if the same exercises are always suggested, gets bored quickly and shifts attention to something else. The owner's mood also influences their dog's motivation: a smiling and cheerful attitude makes you much more willing to listen and work. He is also very receptive to positive reinforcement methods., that are based on the use of all kinds of rewards (compliments, candies, petting) to encourage you to give your best.
You need a teacher who is not only intelligent and enthusiastic, but have some confidence in yourself, capable of instilling in him a good working base and the limits that he should not cross. If that is not the case, your great intelligence can lead you to win the game.
One of the main trends you should try to address is the puppy's propensity to engage in destructive behavior and, in particular, to bite and nibble everything that is put in the mouth. In principle, this disappears in adulthood, but it may be wise to suppress this type of behavior when caught on the spot, in an attempt to limit the phenomenon. This is especially true when taking it out on family members, with both adults and younger children: may look pretty and harmless when they are still very young, but it can be much more dangerous once they are adults.
This is especially helpful, since the Curly-coated Retriever takes a while to become an adult, and can be immature to a fairly old age. These may include, some dogs used for hunting are not really trained to go out into the field and be really effective at it until the 3 years of age. So, it is necessary to have some patience and understanding in the first years of life…
In any case, individuals destined to have sex in water must get used to entering and evolving in water as soon as possible. Usually, this is not a problem, since representatives of this breed are naturally attracted to water points, but they move more easily since they swim in them since they are very young. They must also be taught their future role as hunters and rapporteurs. To the extent that they carry it in their genes, it is not a major difficulty, but you have to teach them to do it under the orders of their owner, so that they do not harm the prey when catching it.
Last, like any dog, the Curly-coated Retriever must benefit from great socialization work started at a very young age. This is all the more necessary since they often tend to distrust strangers. So, it is necessary to make him know all kinds of humans and other animals (both congeners and representatives of other species), but also expose him to all kinds of stimuli (noises, smells…) and environments. This helps them feel comfortable in any circumstance and prevents negative reactions such as stress., fear or distrust in the face of what is unknown to them. A well socialized puppy lives much better with humans.
Health
In general, the Curly-coated Retriever is in good health.
Besides having an original look, its coat is highly waterproof and protects it from inclement weather and especially low temperatures.
But, is more exposed to certain potential problems:
The Hip Dysplasia, which affects most large dogs and is usually hereditary. The femur does not fit perfectly into the pelvic socket of the hip joint; some individuals show no symptoms, but others suffer pain and lameness. Osteoarthritis can also develop over time as the animal ages;
elbow dysplasia, also hereditary and common in large dogs, especially in Retrievers. This developmental abnormality of the elbow affects one or both front legs and causes lameness., often even before the puppy is one year old. Usually requires surgical intervention;
Dilatation-torsion of the stomach, a serious syndrome that affects large dogs with deep chests, as the Curly-coated Retriever. The animal dies quickly if a veterinarian is unable to intervene quickly ;
The type III glycogenosis, which consists of an excessive accumulation of glycogen in the liver and muscles. Provokes, among other things, weakness, rigidity, exercise intolerance, increased need for sleep and difficulty swallowing. It is incurable and leads to the death of the dog around the 2 years of age;
The epilepsy, which is the result of excessive electrical activity in the brain and leads to short and more or less regular seizures. With good veterinary care and the use of appropriate medication, normally does not prevent the animal from leading a normal life ;
The alopecia, that is to say, refined and progressive hair loss in various parts of the body, according to different possible patterns. Do not let the dog spend a long time lying on hard and rough surfaces, like concrete, helps limit the problem.
Like all Retriever-type dogs, the Curly-coated Retriever you also have an increased risk of developing tumors and other cancers. In fact, it is the main cause of death in this breed, long before old age, According to a study carried out jointly in 2004 by the British Kennel Club and the British Small Animal Veterinary Association. More concretely, the most common forms of cancer seen in this breed are :
The linfosarcoma, one of the most common cancers of all races. It can appear in various parts of the body, like spleen, the gastrointestinal tract, lymph nodes, the liver and bone marrow. Treatment is by chemotherapy, sometimes in addition to surgery. Referral rates are pretty good;
The adenocarcinoma, which is the development of malignant cells most often from the uterus, mammary glands and intestines. Most of the time, these cells spread to the lungs or anus. Surgery is often used to treat this disease.;
The fibrosarcoma, a tumor that can affect any part of the body, including bones. surgery is inevitable, and sometimes chemotherapy is required, immunotherapy or radiation therapy. The prognosis for recovery varies greatly from case to case.;
The mast cell tumors, which are the most common in the skin of dogs. Most often they form on the legs, around the anus or on the chest, but they can also arise towards the head or neck. Treatment varies from case to case, but usually includes surgery and chemotherapy;
The melanoma is a cancer that affects the cells that produce pigments in the skin, called melanocytes. Although most melanomas are found on the skin, They can also develop on the gums, and treatment may require amputation of part of the jaw. Usually treated with surgery and chemotherapy;
The hemangiosarcoma, a form of malignant cancer found in the lining of blood vessels and in the spleen. Can be treated with surgery and chemotherapy, but the affected animal is unlikely to recover;
The osteosarcoma, a bone cancer that initially causes lameness. Usually entails amputation of the affected leg and heavy chemotherapy. It is very rare to be able to survive this disease, as the problem is often diagnosed too late. Once identified, the affected person may live between 9 months and 2 years longer than if it had not been treated.
Once identified, an affected dog can live between 9 months and 2 years longer than if it had not been attended.
Last, the breed is also especially prone to eye problems, as :
The entropion, corresponding to a defect that rolls the eyelid inward, causing irritation of the eyeball. Both eyes may be affected or only one; in both cases, surgical intervention can be performed to remedy the problem;
The ectropion, a curl defect of the lower eyelid. The lower eyelid then does not perform its function of protecting the eye, which makes you more susceptible to irritation or conjunctivitis. Surgery is used to treat the most severe cases;
The distiquiasis, an abnormality in the implantation of eyelashes on the eyelids that can cause irritation of the eye and even the development of corneal ulcers;
Persistent pupillary membrane, when the dog's pupillary membrane stays in place, while normally it is supposed to disappear during its first 6 months. The dog's vision is usually slightly affected;
The cataract, that can affect one or both eyes and cause partial or total opacity of the same. At the beginning, cataracts cause very little damage to the dog's vision, but they end up causing total blindness when they reach a more advanced stage. Surgery can fix it;
Progressive retinal atrophy, a family of incurable eye diseases that cause progressive deterioration of the retina. At the beginning, those affected have difficulty seeing at night, but as the disease progresses, the dog ends up going totally blind;
the retinal dysplasia, a malformation of the retina that can cause, in the most serious cases, a detached retina and, Therefore, dog blindness.
It also, individuals who are engaged in hunting -and, in general, everyone who spends a lot of time outdoors- are more at risk of injury, but also parasites and spikes, that those who are only meant to keep company.
Last, the Curly-coated Retriever have a significant predisposition to gain weight. So, a certain vigilance is necessary in this matter, since obesity can, just like in humans, cause or aggravate many health problems.
In view of the large number of hereditary diseases to which the breed is exposed, go to a serious breeder of Curly-coated Retriever it is essential to maximize the chances of adopting a healthy animal free from such defects. In addition to the results of the genetic tests carried out on the parents and / or the puppy, the professional must be able to provide a certificate of good health established by a veterinarian, as well as the data of the administered vaccines, registered in the dog's health or vaccination card.
From then on, as for any race, the best way to keep you in good health is to invest in prevention. It is especially important that your dog is examined at least once a year by a veterinarian: as well as making sure you are up to date on your vaccinations, This can help you quickly spot a potential problem and remedy it before it becomes too serious..
Life expectancy
The life expectancy average of Curly-coated Retriever, is of 14,9 years, Although there are cases of dogs who have lived up 15 or 17 years of age.
Grooming
Contrary to what you might think at first glance, the maintenance of the coat of the Curly-coated Retriever it's not especially complicated. A weekly brushing is enough, but special attention should be paid to the hair on the legs, the tail and behind the ears, as it is especially dense and knots easily. In general, they lose very little hair, except during the molting period, in spring and autumn: then it is necessary to increase the frequency of brushing, to avoid finding too much hair all over the house.
These periods are also a good opportunity to bathe your dog., taking care to use a shampoo specially designed for dogs every time. In general, two bathrooms a year are enough, although, of course, do not hesitate to wash the dog when it is especially dirty. In any case, it is useless to dry it after the bath, since her hair dries very quickly. It also, your curls could be completely denatured.
As the risk of eye diseases is quite pronounced in the Curly-coated Retriever, your eyes should be maintained carefully and on a regular basis. They should be checked and cleaned with clean water at least once a week.
His ears are not for less, as his droopy form means he is more prone to developing infections at this level (ear infections, etc.). So, rigorous maintenance also needs to be done every week, to remove any dirt and moisture that may have accumulated. It also, to avoid the latter, it is recommended to dry them systematically every time they come out of the water.
Your weekly maintenance session is also an opportunity to brush your teeth with a toothpaste designed for cats.. This helps to avoid the formation of tartar and the health problems that it can lead to as much as possible.. Ideally, do it more often than once a week, or even daily.
Their claws require much less attention, especially in subjects who spend a lot of time outdoors. Natural wear and tear is usually enough to file them. But, it is advisable to remain vigilant and check from time to time that it is not necessary to cut them by hand. This is so as soon as they touch the ground, that is to say, when you hear its rattle on hard surfaces; otherwise, they could not only annoy you, but also break, at the risk of hurting you.
Regular coat care, the eyes, the ears, teeth and claws should be done delicately, rigor and precision. The first time, don't hesitate to ask a vet or groomer to show you how to do it, to learn the proper gestures. It also, accustoming your dog from a young age allows him to consider these manipulations as something normal, and that these moments take place with tranquility and good humor.
It also, it helps to take a little time to examine your dog when you return from hunting or spending a lot of time outdoors (especially in a place with a lot of vegetation, like a forest). In addition to a possible injury, this may reveal the presence of spikelets, ticks or other parasites that may have attached to the dog. In fact, they are likely to cause problems in the short to medium term, sometimes serious or even fatal.
Utility
The Curly-coated Retriever was originally created and developed as a hunting dog, especially to recover prey -especially birds- from hard-to-reach areas such as ponds and tall grass.
Today it continues to fulfill this function., and in some countries, like New Zealand, this is its main use.
But, the most common is to find him as a family companion, since he always gets along very well with children and loves to follow his masters everywhere. But, it should be able to satisfy your need for a lot of exercise, which makes it an excellent option for athletes.
Very athletic and eager to learn, can excel in many dog ​​sports disciplines, starting with agility, the flyball, the discdog, obedience and prescription.
Your distrust of strangers, its propensity to bark loudly and its size also make it an effective watchdog.
Price
The Curly-coated Retriever he is the hardest retriever to find.
In Europe, it is even a very rare breed of dog, except in your country of origin. There are only a handful of breeders outside the country of origin, and prices usually range from 900 and 1200 EUR. But, sometimes you have to wait a long time on the waiting list…
One solution may be to look in the UK to adopt a puppy from Curly-coated Retriever, since the offer is much wider. The cost of adopting a puppy from Curly-coated Retriever in the UK it is much higher. The normal cost ranges from 600 and 800 sterling (700 and 900 EUR), plus the cost of paperwork and transportation. It also, in that case, It is advisable to find out about the regulations regarding the importation of a dog from abroad and to respect them.
whatever the country, the price depends, as for any dog, of brood fame, the prestige of the lineage from which it comes and, of course, its intrinsic characteristics, especially physical.
Characteristics "Curly-coated Retriever"
Coexistence is important that you have with your new friend. Before considering the acquisition of a dog of the breed "Curly-coated Retriever" you know certain factors. Not all breeds of dogs are apt to live in an apartment, you must take into account his character, their need for exercise, their interaction with other pets, their care and if you have small children, their level of tolerance towards them.
This Clumber Spaniel medium to large size is sweet and gentle, with a deceptively relaxed appearance
Content
History
Little is really known about the origins of the breed., but legend says that the Duc de Noailles of France He gave his dear spaniels his English counterpart, the Duke of Newcastle, to save them from the horrors of the French Revolution. The dogs were sent to the estate of the Duke in Clumber Park, which later they acquired the name of race. Based on the paintings of that time, the Clumber They have not changed much in two centuries: Dogs still have a somewhat reserved temperament, as well as a sensitive appearance, rather than striking. The Basset Hound and a dog known as spaniel alpino (an extinct race), probably listed in your genealogy.
Interest in the race continued during the nineteenth century, and even they were exhibited Clumbers in one of the first dog shows in 1859. The Clumber Spaniels also they became popular among the British aristocracy. Real race fans included the prince albert and a Edward VII.
It has been allowed to be heavier, starting at 1950, and the weight limit is currently 34 Kg despite the excess in some specimens. Anyway, breed lovers make sure that this large does not cause any weakness in his hind.
Did you know??
Some major British were in love with the Clumber Spaniel: The husband of Queen Victoria, prince albert, as well as Edward VII, They were both fans of the race.
Physical characteristics
It is a well balanced dog, of bones strong, Active, with a reflective expression; overall appearance denoting strength. The Clumber should be firm, active and able to perform daily work in the field.
Its shape is similar to that of the Sussex Spaniel smaller. The Clumber It has a heavy bone structure, Their fur is dense, Weatherproof, straight and flat, with hair around the ears, belly and legs. The tufts are predominantly white with lemon colored spots, brown or orange around the eyes and the base of the tail.
WEIGHT:
Ideal weight: Males: 29,5 – 34 kg. females: 25 – 29,5 kg.
Character and skills
According to the breed standard, the Clumber Spaniel He is loyal and affectionate with his family. It can be reserved with strangers, but he is never aggressive or shy. Good words for firm include, reliable, friendly and worthy… but do not let that fool you their dignified behavior. The Clumber is very smart, determined to get what he wants, and more agile than it looks. During his puppy, which usually lasts until three or four years, it can be a wild dog running through the house at breakneck speed and gets into many problems. (For some, Part of getting into trouble never ends.) On the positive side, the Clumber also it tends to stay young at heart well into old age.
if they grow up together, the Clumber and children can become fast friends. If you don't have children yet, make sure your Clumber gets to know your friends' kids often and from an early age, to get used to the loud screams and rapid movements. The Clumber also gets along well with other dogs, and it is friendly with cats, ferrets and other small pets, as long as the know. Because of its sporty nature, considers that the furry or feathered creatures that live outdoors are animals hunting. In other words, is more likely that your Clumber swallow your whole wild bird to look after him delicately.
On a walk, the Clumber it moves at a slow and steady pace. Does not have the high energy levels of many other pick-and-point breeds, but it has the ability to break through any type of shrub that stand in your way. It also, It has an infinite resistance, so it is a great companion for hiking and hunting, recovering quickly and enjoys water. To keep fit and out of trouble, need rides 20 to 30 minutes twice a day. If you have a fenced yard, Do not assume that exercised. Like the rest of us, the Clumber need motivation from a friend to get up and go.
The Clumber It is an independent thinker, so i can be stubborn. Train Your Clumber requires patience and the ability to convince him to do what you want is actually all her idea. It's a good problem solver; The point is that the problem that often involves doing something forbidden resolved. any dog, no matter how nice it is, You may develop obnoxious barking levels… and the Clumber is no exception. Some Clumbers They are naturally quiet, other bark at all, and some of them fall somewhere in the middle. If you live with, Let's say, a burrow, expects you Clumber learn to bark a lot.
Start training your puppy the day you bring him home. Even at eight weeks old, He is able to absorb everything you can teach. Don't wait until you have 6 months to start training him or you'll have to deal with a more stubborn dog. If possible, take him to puppy kindergarten class when he's between 10 and 12 weeks, y socialize, socialize, socialize. But, Note that many kinds of training puppies require certain vaccinations (such as kennel cough) stay up to date, and many veterinarians recommend limited exposure to other dogs and public places until puppy vaccinations (including rabies, distemper and parvovirus) They are completed. Instead of formal training, You can start training your puppy to socialize at home and among family and friends until immunizations are completed in the puppy.
Grooming
White and fringed coat Clumber requires a moderate amount of toilet: If you want me to be handsome, bathe him once a month, and brush or comb his coat during 10 to 15 minutes, up to three times a week, to prevent tangles and remove dead hair. You should also cut back on their feet, ears and feathers.
The locks were off at a moderate pace strong throughout the year, so buy a good vacuum cleaner; regular brushing will also reduce the amount of hair floating in your home.
The rest are routine care: Trim his nails every few weeks and keep floppy ears clean and dry to prevent infection. You should also brush his teeth regularly to maintain good overall health and fresh breath.
Health
The Clumber Spaniel They are generally healthy, but they are susceptible to some conditions, including eye problems such as Entropion and ectropion, keratoconjunctivitis sicca, or dry eye, and falls. They may also be prone to hip dysplasia and an inherited condition called deficiency pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase , which can lead to exercise intolerance and heart and lung problems.
Not all of these conditions are detectable on a growing puppy, and it is impossible to predict if an animal will be free of these diseases, so you need to find a reputable breeder who commit to raise healthier animals possible. You must be able to produce an independent certification that the parents of the dog (and grandparents, etc.) have been examined for common defects and considered healthy for breeding. That's where health records come in..
Careful breeders their dogs examined for genetic diseases, and they only breed the best looking specimens, but sometimes Mother Nature has other ideas and a puppy can develop one of these conditions. In most cases, can still live a good life, thanks to advances in veterinary medicine. Having said that, not all visits to the vet involve a genetic problem. Puppies love to eat them things, so it's not uncommon for them to develop gastroenteritis (intestine garbage) or requiring surgery to remove random objects from the intestines, as hand towels and toys.
And remember that you have the power to protect your Clumber one of the most common health problems: the obesity. You keep a healthy weight is a simple way to prolong the life of your Clumber avoiding problems such as hip dysplasia.
Characteristics "Clumber Spaniel"
Coexistence is important that you have with your new friend. Before considering the acquisition of a dog of the breed "Clumber Spaniel" you know certain factors. Not all breeds of dogs are apt to live in an apartment, you must take into account his character, their need for exercise, their interaction with other pets, their care and if you have small children, their level of tolerance towards them.
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