The head of the Caica Parrot(Pyrilia caica) totally black is it more distinguishable from this species, together with a collar Golden cafesoso that extends up to the chest.
The rest of the body usually Green, more clear in the belly and the inside of the tail; wing
with blue stain and dark ends, Tip of the tail black.
Bill color bone; ring eyepiece bare of color grey pale; Orange irises.
The youth with crown green, face Dark greenish yellow, and collar not very notorious gold in neck and almost absent in chest.
Sound of the Caica Parrot.
Habitat:
Inhabits little disturbed humid forests, firm ground, in Tepuis, from the 50 to the 1100 m. gregarious, They walk in small groups. They feed in the canopy of the forest.
Reproduction:
Currently with little information about the reproduction.
Food:
In the wild, It believes that its diet consists mainly of eucalyptus flowers, fruit, nectar and pollen.
Distribution:
Can be observed in the South-East of Venezuela, Guyanas and northeast of the brazilian amazon.
Conservation:
• Red List category of the UICN current: Near-threatened
• Population trend: Stable
Justification of the population:
The size of the world population Caica Parrot It has not been quantified, although this species is described as 'rare’ (Stotz et to the., 1996).
Justification trend :
This species is suspected that it may lose 13,6-17,2% of habitat within its distribution over three generations (21 years) based on a model of deforestation of the Amazonia (Soares-Filho et to the., 2006, Bird et to the. 2011).
Given the susceptibility of this species to the hunting and/or entrapment, It is suspected that its population will decrease at a rate close to the 30% in three generations.
"Caica Parrot" in captivity:
They adult acclimatised quite easily to a new environment and are very resistant … Conversational skills (in comparison with other species).
They are very quiet in an Aviary, with a personality friendly and Gentile. They are very sociable and it should be with a partner or in a group environment. In any way, It is not easy to see to the Caica Parrot in captivity.
27 cm.. height and an approximate weight of 110 gr.
Along with the Red Lory(Eos Bornea) the “Violet-necked Lory” (Eos squamata) it is the only lory of the genus Eos it does not have blue marks on the ear-coverts.
Its plumage It has a scarlet general appearance. The neck It is surrounded by a violet blue collar which is well developed in some individuals, but nearly absent in others. The area from the abdomen up to the subcaudales it is dark purple. The scapulars they are dull purple with black tips. The feathers of the greater coverts and flight feather They are red with black tips.
The bottom of the wings and of remiges from below they are red with black spots at the primary level. The tail is purple red.
The irises is orange, the legs grey.
In the immature the feathers of the lower parts, have broad dull blackish purple borders. The irises They are brown.
: (Boddaert, 1783) – Something smaller and feathers in the nominal species They are blue violet, in this subspecies are blackish blue.
Eos squamata riciniata
: (Bechstein, 1811) – Smaller and band chest and neck is violet gray.
Eos squamata obiensis
: (Rothschild, 1899) – It is somewhat smaller and with shoulders blacks. the band of neck It is variable and greyish violet. The area of the nape is red.
Habitat:
The Violet-necked Lory they are relatively common in the primeval forests or secondary forests that have large mature trees. Also found in the mountain forests and also, but with lower density in the coconut plantations bordering the coast, in the bushes during regeneration, in the abandoned gardens and mangroves.
Populations that inhabit small islands tend to stay near the coast.
On the larger islands, These birds can run in the forests of the mountains up to a height of 1.220 meters above the sea level.
The Violet-necked Lory they are particularly noisy and easily identifiable when they are in flocks, but they are a much more secretive behavior when in isolated pairs.
They usually gather in large flocks when they find abundant food sources.. This habit makes appearing more or less abundant in different regions. These flocks of birds are usually just above the tops of the trees.
Every day, they make short trips between the different islands. To do this they use a flight quick and direct, It consists of shallow wing beats. When they beat their wings produce a very audible hum.
Reproduction:
There is almost no information on the reproduction in the wild. In captivity, the implementation is of 2 eggs that are incubated during 27 days. As with all loris, the reproductive cycle is particularly long and hard about 80 days.
Food:
Exclusively vegetarian. They feed on sago palm in bloom and consume figs when they are still firm. Also eat nectar from big red flowers of Erythrina family Fabaceae.
Distribution:
Size of its range (reproduction / resident): 189.000 km2
The Violet-necked Lory They are endemic to the islands or archipelagos which are among New Guinea and Las Celebes.
They are mostly found in West Papua and of the Moluccan Islands.
Distribution 3 subspecies
Eos squamata squamata
: (Boddaert, 1783) – Islands West Papua, that is to say Stupid, Waigeo, Batanta and Misool and islas Turtle (Indonesian)
Eos squamata riciniata
: (Bechstein, 1811) – North of Moluccas, from Morotai to Bacan and Damar, also in islas Widi and Mayu islands in the sea of Moluccas (Indonesian).
The population size is very large, and therefore not approaching the threshold of Vulnerable under the criterion of population size.
The world population is estimated between 100,000 and 500,000 individuals.
About 3.000 specimens are caught every year for the trade aviaries. The pressure on the species is estimated to be quite reasonable, but it is recommended, by many associations, the establishment of catch quotas for the year.
"Violet-necked Lory" in captivity:
Son loving, curious, extroverts and show some unique behaviors. Some like to wrap yourself in a blanket to sleep. Sometimes, they can even be sleeping on your back. They can learn to mimic sounds and words.
They are capable of aggressive behavior if their territories and possessions is disregarded.
They are demanding in the requirements should be for their care, requiring much attention. Baths or showers daily should be part of your daily habit.
Alternative names:
– Violet-necked Lory, Moluccan Red Lory, Violet necked Lory (ingles).
– Lori écaillé, Lori à nuque violette, Lori de Wallace (French).
– Kapuzenlori (German).
– Lóris-de-colar-violeta (Portuguese).
– Lori de Collar Violeta, Lori Escamosa, Lori Escamoso (español).
The Goldie's Lorikeet(Psitteuteles goldiei) has the top red. Its neck is surrounded by a strip blue opaque that it extends to the edge of the eye.
The mumps and their cheeks They are pink with multiple dark blue veins.. The upperparts of color green dark streaked of black in the part inferior of the neck and of color yellow greenish mottling on the sides of the layer.
The feathers that cover the wing
are dark green, as well as the top of the tail.
The feathers they have a green color with black internal wires and a fine yellow edge.
The underparts are yellowish green with many streaks of dark green, more concentrated in the area of the chest. The bottom of the tail is of color yellow grey.
The bill is black, brown the iris. The legs son grises.
The females adult, they have the top more opaque and less developed.
In the immature, the top is reddish with dark blue spots. The upper mantle is spotted of yellow.
There are no geographic variations. The species is considered monotype.
The Goldie's Lorikeet It is distributed mainly by primary forests, mountain forests and eucalyptus between 1.000 and 2.200 meters above sea level. But, These birds are very Mobile and their habitat may vary from sea level to the 2.800 m.
At higher altitudes, sometimes be parked in the forests of beech and false Podocarpus. They are also set fairly regularly in the areas where the trees are in bloom and around small mountain villages. They have been , occasionally, in small groups of trees isolated in the middle of open spaces.
The Goldie's Lorikeet they are very sociebles. They are often associated with other Charmosyna type Loris: Fairy Lorikeet (Charmosyna pulchella) and Lori Flanquirrojo (Charmosyna placentis).
Most of the time they live in large groups of 30 or more individuals. These birds make long flights daily, often in the company of Pygmy Lorikeet (Charmosyna wilhelminae). Move from their places of rest to its feeding sites found at the middle level, or at the top of the tall trees in flower.
They probably make seasonal migrations to meet their specific feeding needs.. Between mid June and early January, the Goldie's Lorikeet they are common in the forests of the lowlands around Port Moresby.
Reproduction:
We really know very little about free-range breeding.. Apparently, the nest is well hidden inside a tree in thick foliage dry, mostly big pandanus. The female lays two white eggs.
In captivity, the incubation period ranges between 23 and 24 days. Young are altricial, and leave the nest after 8 to 9 weeks.
Food:
The Goldie's Lorikeet they have a scheme rather similar to all the lori, that is to say, they are almost exclusively vegetarian. Its menu consists mainly of pollen, nectar, flowers and fruits than that found in the trees of the genus Casuarina in shrubs of the genus honey Grevillea and of the eucalyptus.
Distribution:
Size of the area of distribution (reproduction / resident): 307.000 km2
This species is endemic of New Guinea. Lives exclusively in the mountains in the center of the island and stretches to the mountains of the Huon Peninsula and Owen Stanley.
Conservation:
– Current IUCN Red List category: Least concern
– The population trend: Stable
The population suspected to be stable in the absence of evidence of any reduction or substantial threats.
The world population It has not been quantified, It is estimated above 100.000 specimens, but the species is reported to be locally common depending on food availability.
"Goldie's Lorikeet" in captivity:
The Goldie's Lorikeet is a bird prized as a pet. His character is not aggressive, or destructive and is quite silent for a parrot. They can be taken in pairs or in large communities. Some of them come to imitate the human voice.
Alternative names:
– Goldie’s Lorikeet, Red-capped Streaked Lorikeet, Red-capped Streaked Lory (ingles).
– Loriquet de Goldie (French).
– Veilchenlori (German).
– Lóris-de-goldie (Portuguese).
– Lori de Goldie, Tricogloso de Goldie (español).
– Avibase
– Parrots of the World – Forshaw Joseph M
– Parrots A Guide to the Parrots of the World – Tony Juniper & Mike Parr
– BirdLife.org
– Wikipedia
17 cm.. length and an approximate weight of 35 g..
The head of the Palm Lorikeet (Charmosyna palmarum) is bright green, showing some red markings around the base of the bill, lores and the chin. The upperparts are bright green with a light washed olive brown through the mantle.
The wings are green. Under the greenish-gray wing coverts. The lower parts are bright green, more yellowish in the chin, the throat and the center of the belly (males sometimes also with some feathers red in the abdomen and the thighs). Tail Green with yellow in the Center and by the side of the feathers; below the tail is yellow. Bill orange; cere orange; irises yellow; legs yellowish-orange.
In the females, Red in the face is reduced or absent. Immature similar to the female, but in general most off. Iris ochre-coloured. Bill yellowish brown.
Habitat:
The Palm Lorikeet It is distributed in the forests and wooded lands, more common in the foothills than in the lowlands, and mostly uninhabited cloud forests of the larger islands above 1.000 m. He travels a lot between feeding sites and is found in pairs or flocks in the tops of the trees, where its Green plumage blends with the surroundings when it feeds among the flowers.
In flocks, couples have been observed grooming are, indicating that the pair bond is maintained when the birds are in larger groups.
A constant chatter deals the presence of these parrots in their search for food.
Reproduction:
Breeding habits they are little known, but a nest with two chicks in Holy (Vanuatu), It was found, in December of 1961, in a branch of a hollow tree to 6 meters above the ground in the cloud to 1,600 m forests. altitude.
They appear in the lowlands of sporadically, especially when the Erythnna and sago palm they are in flower.
Food:
Feeds in the Palms, lianas, fig trees and shrubs, taking nectar, pollen, fruits and berries, and particularly fond with the sago palm (Cycas circinalis).
Distribution:
Size of the area of distribution (reproduction / resident): 11.300 km2
Distributed by Southwest of Polynesia in Vanuatu, the Duff Islands, Santa Cruz Islands and Banks Islands.
Range seems to expand and contract, and it has been speculated that this may be related to the effect of cyclones, or sporadic colonies as a result of blooms. These may include, in Vanuatu It was noted from fate in 1879 for the first time in 30 years, and was still present there in the decade of 1930, but by the Decade of 1960 had disappeared.
Has also been recorded in Vanuatu from Holy Spirit, Aoba, Maewo, Pentecost, Malakula, Ambrym, Paama, Lopévi, Tongoa, EMAE, Nguna, Eromanga, Tanna and Futuna; in Banks group in Santa Maria. Ureparapara, Vanua Lava Lava and Mere; and in the Group of Tinakula Santa Cruz, Utupua and Vanikoro.
Conservation:
• Current IUCN Red List category: Vulnerable
• Population trend: Decreasing
The total size of the population It is estimated that it will fall within the band of 1,000-2,499 mature individuals.
Avian malaria, the cyclones and the natural cycles are suggested causes of the fluctuating range. Lowland forests, especially in small islands with high populations human, It is clearing for agriculture, domestic demand for timber and commercial logging, avoiding this kind of habitat can be regularly used by this species.
"Palm Lorikeet" in captivity:
Very rare poultry.
Alternative names:
– Palm Lorikeet, Green Palm Lorikeet (ingles).
– Lori des palmiers (French).
– Palmenlori (German).
– Lori Palmero (español).
It measures each 11 cm.. length and a weight between 13 and 16 g..
The head of the Orange-fronted hanging parrot(Loriculus aurantiifrons) is green, with the front of the crown yellow (sharp demarcation of the green in the crown rear). Upperparts green, with rump and uppertail-coverts bright red; sides rump with yellow marks. Wings Greens with vane internal to the flight feather blackish. Blue with green Underwing coverts. Chin red, rest of the underparts are slightly more yellowish than upperparts (especially coverts). Timoneras pens Green with tips yellow; undertail bluish.
Bill black; Iris whitish; legs brownish black.
Female has the face and the part front of it crown Green with red and pale blue feathers. Spada Red more small that it's the male. Iris brown.
The young birds lack of the crown and throat red. Bill brown.
(Stresemann, 1913) – Male with less yellow in forecrown. Female similar to nominal.
Loriculus aurantiifrons meeki
(Hartert, 1895) – The male as of the subspecies batavorum but slightly larger. Female also similar to nominal but larger and bases of feathers on the front of the crown, yellow-brown color.
Habitat:
The Orange-fronted hanging parrot they are distributed in the low jungle to a altitude approximate of 1.200 m (from time to time to 1.000 m), along the edges of forests, in palm plantations, areas of secondary growth, casuarinas, pines, gardens and partially cleared areas.
The species is inconspicuous and usually difficult to detect, except when they are called among them, Since it flies above the canopy. It is usually found in groups of two to four members, foraging at various levels in the forest.
Birds perch on occasions in a branch and sing (possibly part of their courtship behavior).
Reproduction:
Guidelines of nesting you have registered between July and October, and it is said that on one occasion a bird was found incubating four eggs in a hole to 12 meters above the ground. The birds have also been observed visiting holes in arboreal termite, perhaps to rest.
Food:
Is them has observed entering their peak next to the needles of casuarinas, probably in search of Lerp insects. The diet also includes outbreaks, fruits and flowers.
Distribution:
Size of the area of distribution (reproduction / resident): 576.000 km2
Widely distributed, Although not particularly continuously, through much of the lowlands of New Guinea, in both Irian Java, Indonesian, and Papua New Guinea, Although it can be absent from most of the Center-South of the big island.
Its small size, coloration and habits make difficult his observation. Field work are running that the species is continuing in the North and South of New Guinea with the clinal variation in size. The range includes the following islands of the coast: Misool, Waigeo, Karkar, Fergusson and Goodenough.
Distribution 3 subspecies:
Loriculus aurantiifrons aurantiifrons
Nominal.
Loriculus aurantiifrons batavorum
Waigeu, West of the papua islands, and Northwest of New Guinea, East Coast region North of Sepik River, North of Papua New Guinea, and the South coast of Setekwa River, Irian Jaya.
Loriculus aurantiifrons meeki
Fergusson, Goodenough, Karkar Islands (Papua New Guinea), and this from New Guinea, from the coast north to the West of the region of Sepik River, and in the South West area of lowland up to the region of Fly River, and possibly in the vicinity of Irian Jaya.
Conservation:
• Current IUCN Red List category: Least concern.
• Population trend: Stable.
The world population of the Orange-fronted hanging parrot It has not been quantified, Although it is suspected that it may be most of 100.000 specimens and are considered stable and locally common (pit et to the. 1997).
The population is suspected to be stable in the absence of evidence of any reduction or substantial threats.
13 to 16 cm.. length and a weight between 25 and 56 g..
The Double-eyed Fig-Parrot(Cyclopsitta Diophthalma) half of the crown, lores, cheeks and headphones feathers bright Scarlet color with some slightly elongated feathers; bright turquoise brand above and in front of the eyes, that it extends slightly backwards above and below; green line above and behind the eyes; brand violet-blue light under the red on the back of the headphones feathers that extends to the throat; narrow yellowish Orange behind the red band of the crown, Fusion to the green in the part back from the crown.
Upperparts with indistinct diffusion of color bright green olive on the the mantle. Wing coverts, bright green; primary coverts blue; primaries with vane external of color blue turquoise pale and vane blackish internals; flight feather (except the primary outer) with band of yellowish white color visible from below; inner coverts marked in red, wing feathers bordered with yellow green.
The underparts paler; Green over yellow that the upperparts, with a strong Flash of yellow along the flank, about the bend of wing. Upper, the tail green; grey below.
Robust bill, notched grey lead and a blackish tip; cere dark grey; irises dark brown; legs Green grey.
The female has the cheeks brown, not red.
Immature as the females. The young male acquire the plumage adult in 14 months.
: (Schlegel, 1874) – Of 14 cm.. length. The plumage is greenish-yellow, the blue area on the eyes has greenish hue , Blue cheeks are lined with mauve colouration and extends to the bottom of the peak.
Female similar to the male but all the red marks are replaced by a pale blue.
Cyclopsitta diophthalma coccineifrons
: (Sharpe, 1882) – Of 14 cm.. length.
It is usually something more dark. The Crown is red bordered with a broad yellow band.
The female has less yellowish white.
Cyclopsitta diophthalma virago
: (ECTION Hartert, 1895) – Of 14 cm.. length.
Green is more pale, the red zones of the face are less extensive and more pale.
Yellow edge of the very weak Crown.
Juveniles as adult females
Cyclopsitta diophthalma inseparabilis
: (ECTION Hartert, 1898) – Of 14 cm.. length.
The Red coloration is reduced to a small spot on the forehead, the rest of the forehead is bluish.
Similar to males females.
Juveniles as adult females.
Cyclopsitta diophthalma macleayana
: (EP Ramsay, 1874) – Of 14 cm.. length.
The Red is reduced to a red spot in the front area and lower cheeks. The yellow border in the area of the Crown is absent, sides of the forehead and eyes blue with green. The azul-violaceos edges of the cheek extends to below the peak.
Females more yellowish and the bottom of the cheeks is white Brown.
Equal to the adult female juveniles.
Cyclopsitta diophthalma marshalli
: (Iredale, 1946) – Of 14 cm.. length.
Green is more beige and the azul-malva coloration extends to the area under the peak.
Females have pale blue color where the male has red and blackish brown cheek bottom area.
Juveniles as adult females.
Cyclopsitta diophthalma coxeni
: (Gould, 1867) – It's a bit more large, of about 15 cm.. approximately, No red forehead and face with some reddish feathers, the cheeks and orange headphones feathers. Blue front clear and without yellow stripe. The area of the eyes is absent blue. Blue edges of the bottom of the cheeks is variable.
The females are more yellowish with less or absent red in the face.
Equal to the adult female juveniles.
Habitat:
The Double-eyed Fig-Parrot are sedentary, with some dispersion after the breeding season. It is in a range of habitats from low to medium altitude, including jungle, secondary vegetation, on the edge of the Woods, riparian forest and occasionally dry forests and open forests of eucalyptus.
In Australia There are also birds in parks, Gardens, scrub, cultivated areas and mangroves; the Diophthalma diophthalma coxeni, probably, concentrated in the alluvial forest, but it was also visible in the forests of dry lowlands and hills of rainforest.
The species is highly dependent of the Ficus figs in all habitats.
The birds are usually found in pairs or in small groups, calling the attention with their constant calls acute while flying above the canopy.
They feed in silence, moving quietly through the foliage, often giving away their presence only by falling debris, Since break the shell of the fruit to reach its seeds.
outside the breeding season, groups of up to 200 birds can be nested together, dissolving into smaller groups to feed themselves during the morning and afternoon.
When alarmed, they move their wings in an agitated manner.
during the rains, the bath is carried out with wet foliage, and mutual grooming is common.
Reproduction:
The breeding season of the Double-eyed Fig-Parrot, probably begins in New Guinea during the month of March, in Australia the main season runs from August to November.
When the birds are played are divided into pairs, territorial around their food trees. The nest It is a cavity that is expanded in a trunk at a height between 8 and 20 meters above the ground. Most of the nest preparation is carried out by the female., that takes refuge in the hole and spends a large part of the day there during its excavation. She can experiment with more than one nest.
Courtship feeding is common. The entrance hole is about 4 cm in diameter, and putting two white eggs are deposited, at intervals of 48 hours, in one camera, some 20 centimetres below the entry hole.
The incubation hard 18 days and the young will leave the nest in 7-8 weeks, After having been fed during the first 3 to 4 weeks, only for the female. They return to settle in the hollow for a short period of time after having left the nest.
Food:
The fig seeds they are their main food, birds often return to the same ripe fruits ending all their seeds. The diet also includes whole fruits small, nectar, insect larvae and fungi or lichens collected from the barks. Birds may feed in groups with others Fig parrots and, in Australia, with Rosella parakeets and other species of parrots.
Distribution:
The Double-eyed Fig-Parrot is distributed throughout much of New Guinea and parts of the northeast of Australia. At the West end is located in Waigeo, Salawati, Misool and Rafiau in the West Papua islands, Indonesian.
Is widespread but distributed unevenly through the continental part of New Guinea, absent only in the center of the Doberai Peninsula and the central belt of mountains above the 1.600 m, Although there have previously been to 1.800 meters at the local level.
In Australia, the most northerly of the three isolated populations, is the tip of the Cape York Peninsula, from Jardine River in the northwest of the country, to the South, around East of Lockhart River, sometimes in the South to the extreme north of the Princess Charlotte Bay; the population Centre occupies the coastal district of everything Cooktown in the North through Cairns and the District Atherton, about South of Townsville; the southern-most population, now very reduced, with less than 50 records in the last century, formerly extended from Gympie, Queensland, to the South, about Richmond River, New South Wales, arriving inland up to the Bunya mountains (in 1976 two birds were about the Koreelah National Park, in February and two close Lamington National Park in December).
The estimate of the world population is above the 100.000 individuals and stable, but the State two of its subspecies is less secure:
– Cyclopsitta Diophthalma macleayana: has a population of 5.000 individuals and may be in decline, Although multiply in parks and gardens around Cairns.
– Cyclopsitta Diophthalma coxeni: just left 200 birds, After having reduced its population as a result of the destruction of the forests of lowlands along its limited distribution area.
– The third Australian subspecies, Cyclopsitta Diophthalma marshalli it's still pretty common.
In New Guinea, the species dispersed, and is considered to be rare in the Doberai Peninsula and absent from many parts of the lowlands of the South, is mainly distributed in the Highlands of the South basin. The Orange-breasted Fig-Parrot It probably replaces this species in much of this area. It is likely that the species has not been recorded accurately due to its small size and discreet habits. Protected by law in Australia. The Diophthalma diophthalma coxeni appears in the Appendix I of the CITES
Subspecies distribution
Subspecies distribution
Cyclopsitta diophthalma diophthalma
: West of the islands of papua and West of New Guinea
The size of the world population Double-eyed Fig-Parrot It has not been quantified, Although it is estimated at more than 100,000 specimens. But, the Diophthalma diophthalma coxeni is in critical hazard, with a population between 50 and 200 individuals; the Diophthalma diophthalma macleayana with a population of some 5.000 individuals and the Diophthalma diophthalma marshalli generally uncommon
The population, of the nominal species, is suspected to be stable in the absence of evidence of any reduction or substantial threats.
"Double-eyed Fig-Parrot" in captivity:
Rare in captivity.
Not social with people. Welcome in the distance.
Alternative names:
– Double-eyed Fig-Parrot, Double eyed Fig Parrot, Double-eyed Fig Parrot, Two-eyed Fig Parrot (ingles).
– Psittacule double-oeil (French).
– Rotwangen-Zwergpapagei (German).
– Papagaio-do-figo-de-cara-azul (Portuguese).
– Lorito de Cuatro Ojos, Lorito Dobleojo, Lorito de la higuera de doble ojo (español).
27 cm. long, 24 without snowshoes, and a weight between 140 and 160 g.
The head of the Blue-crowned Racquet-tail(Prioniturus discurus) bright green is strongly imbued with bright blue in the crown and brighter green in checks and lores.
Upperparts green. Wings green, darker in the vane inmates of the flight feather, with a narrow pale margin along the innermost edge; primary external greenish blue. Wing feathers green, underside of flight feather bluish green. The underparts yellowish-green illuminated. Upper, the lateral feathers of the tail green, Basal Blue with black tips; undertail, the tail strongly impregnated with blue; Blackish spatulas.
Bill whitish; irises dark brown; legs grey.
The female similar to the male but with the the tail rackets shorter.
Young with less blue in the crown and the absence of the rackets.
(Salomonsen, 1953) – Has less blue on the Crown and in the center of this is not clearly defined and merges gradually with the rest of the green of the head.
– Prioniturus discurus and Prioniturus mindorensis (Pit and necklace 2014) they were grouped previously as Prioniturus discurus
Rainforests, mangroves, plantations, crops in the lowlands and mountains to 1.750 meters above sea level. Seen flying above the canopy in small noisy groups of five to twelve birds outside of breeding season. Groups gather to feed in fruit trees, including banana.
Reproduction:
breeding season from April to may in Blacks, During may in Leyte and during April in Mindanao.
Food:
The diet includes fruits, berries, nuts and seeds.
• Current category of the Red List of the UICN: Least concern
• Population trend: Stable
The size of the world population It has not been quantified, is estimated at less of 10.000 specimens. The species according to information, it is generally common even in degraded habitats on heavily deforested islands (pit et to the. 1997).
The population is suspected that it may be in decline due to the capture and loss of habitat.
Of 33 cm.. length and an average weight of 475 g..
The Grey Parrot(Psittacus erithacus) is famous for its intelligence and ability to mimic sounds and human speech, so it is one of the most popular of all pets avian. It is one of the largest parrots in Africa.
They have the feathers of the lores, the cheeks, the frenyou and the crown silver grey, more clear tips. The of the the mantle and lower area of the back darker, slate gray with light margins, giving a scaly appearance; the lower area of the back and tail are silver grey. Upper wing coverts, secondaries and scapulars slaty-grey. Primaries grey dark (almost black), more clear below that top.
Wing feathers light grey, with the exception of the greater coverts that are of a dark grey tone.
feathers of the chest slate gray with pale gray margins fused with much lighter silver feathers on the belly; flanks and the thighs clear silver grey color.
Tail and their coverts, bright Scarlet.
Older birds they can show scattered red feathers between the plumage gray, especially in the the thighs and the belly.
The bill black; irises yellow; naked facial area with some fine white hairs; legs dark grey.
Without sexual dimorphism in the plumage.
Immature they have the tail darker red towards the tip, Grey dye in undertail- coverts and the irises grey.
(Alexander, 1909) – Very similar to the nominal, except that they are a little smaller. Some bird breeders argue that the Princeps is a regional type of Psittacus erithacus erithacus, instead of separate subspecies.
Habitat:
The Grey Parrot They inhabit the tropical jungle primary and secondary, the forest edges and clearings, gallery forest and mangroves; wooded Savannah, haunting, often, land cultivation and even gardens.
Partially confined in the lowlands, Although in the East of its range have been recorded at altitudes of 2.200 m.
They reach the highest densities in primary lowland forests, intermediate in the primary montane and lower density in plantation of coconut.
gregarious, they form large communal roosts of up to 10.000 individuals, often at some distance from the feeding areas.
Preferred places of shelter are trees or palm trees on the water, also islands in the rivers.
Are dispersed into smaller groups (until 30) to feed.
Reproduction:
The reproduction of the Grey Parrot takes place in loose colonies, in which each pair occupies its own tree. Individuals select their partners carefully and have a monogamous union of lifelong It begins at sexual maturity, between three and five years of age.
Few details are known about the courtship in nature, but have been observed and recorded flights of visualization around the nest cavities. The males feed their mates (power dating) and both sing soft monotonous notes. At this time the female goes to sleep to the nest cavity, While the male takes care of it.
In captivity, the Grey Parrot fed males to females after copulation events and both sexes participate in a mating dance in tipping its wings.
The nest they build it in the cavities of some tree (for example, Terminalia, Ceiba or Distemonathus), between 10 and 30 meters above the ground.
Sometimes breeds in colonies of up to several hundred couples loose (in Prince for example), but in most places they nest alone.
Breeding season varies with locality. In East africa, breeding has been recorded in the months of January-February and June-July, both in dry periods.
Young chicks have been released for sale from March onwards in Ghana. Other records suggest as a rule from the breeder, the dry season.
The females lay from three to five eggs, that you are in charge of incubate while they are powered entirely by the male. The incubation lasts approximately thirty days and the young man emerges from the nest at twelve weeks of age.
Food Loro Yaco:
Their diet consists of a variety of seeds, nuts, fruits and berries.
The fruit of the Palm oil (Elaeis guineensis) is her favourite in some areas, coming to bear its fruit over long distances before being consumed.
In Bioko, they prefer the berries of Tragacantha tail (Fam. Malvaceae).
They can be a pest, causing considerable damage to corn crops in some areas.
Loro distribution Yaco:
Size of the area of distribution (reproduction / resident): 2.760.000 km2
The Grey Parrot are distributed between the West and centre of Africa, of Guinea-Bissau and this from Sierra Leone, across the South of Mali, Ivory Coast, Ghana and Nigeria, until Cameroon, extending to Bioko and Islands Sao Tome and Principe in the gulf of guinea; from Gabon and the Congo through Zaire, Uganda and Western Kenya, the Southwest and East - Central of Zaire and Northwest of Tanzania.
Usually sedentary. Common where large extensions of forest persist and still abundant in some localities, especially in the tropical jungles of the Congo basin. But, due to the extensive loss of forests in some parts of the range (for example, of Nigeria to Sierra Leone) and the catch on a massive scale (the second best-selling parrot in the world in the Decade of 1980) There have been dramatic declines in some places (for example, in Liberia, Ghana, Kenya and around Kinshasa, Zaire, and other cities of the Congo basin).
The Grey Parrot They are protected by the convention CITES, consisting in annex II (species that may be threatened by a trade out of control).
If it is considered not threatened globally, the fact of being one of the species of the family Psittacidae (parrots and parakeets) most sold in the world makes its distribution is shrinking dramatically in certain places, its disappearance may be close in many of these areas according to the organization The World Parrot Trust [4].
The following data are quite illustrative in this respect:
1. In the period 1982-1989 It was the second psittacida then suffered more trade of Agapornis fischeri, with averages of more of 47.000 specimens exported from Africa annually [1].
2. The export quotas under the CITES agreement for psittacines are often not adjusted to scientific criteria due to the lack of detailed population studies and the annual renewal rates of the populations. [2].
3. Too often these quotas are widely exceeded by exporting countries.. These may include Cameroon exported 23.000 grays in 1996, When I had a share of 12.000! [2]. Although these facts to do that Cameroon could not legally exported in 1997, the current quota of 12.000 grays is exceeded with more of 15.000 all the years [5]. Another example, is the Republic of Congo, with an annual fee of 10.000 grays, that has also been sanctioned by the impossibility of exporting them in 2001 and 2002 by the large number of existing fraudulent export [6].
4. In the year 1999, the European Union imported (legally under the Convention CITES) from Africa 33.341 greys parrots, number only surpassed in this family by parrots of the genus Lovebirds (71.588 of Agapornis roseicollis, 63.867 of Agapornis fischeri and 33.720 of Agapornis personatus). Spain It was the second destination of these parrots grays, after Netherlands, imported 6.216 specimens [7].
5. There are specific areas Africa It supported much of the pressure from hunters of parrots for their trade. One of them is the area of Lobeke, in the southeast of Cameroon, where they hunt every year more than 15.000 grays, most of them die by mishandling in the capture and transport [5].
The aforementioned illegal trade is no stranger to our country, where was recently dismantled an international network of illegal import of this species from the Republic of Congo, who had brought to Spain at least 3.982 specimens from the year 1998 [7].
On the other hand, in some countries these birds are raised industrially for sale. This favours on the one hand the fact that decreases the importation of birds hunted in the wild [2], and on the other increases the number of birds on the market, and with it the chance of leaks or intentional releases, that they can get to colonize areas outside its area of distribution. An example of a Spanish company of these characteristics, among the many that are, It has more than 300 breeding pairs, can be found in [8].
References:
[1] NECKLACE, N.J.. 1997. Family Psittacidae (Parrots). In: Handbook of the Birds of the World. Vol. 4. Sandgrouse to Cuckoos (Ed: J. pit, A. Elliot, J. Sargatal). Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. pp. 280-477.
[2] MAY, D.L.. 2001. Grey Parrots of the Congo Basin Forest. PsittaScene 13-2(47): 8-10.
[3] AALANGDONG, O.I., AUGUSTINE, S. 1999. Langyintuo. Crop damage by wildlife in Northern Ghana. Abstracts of the 2nd International Wildlife Management Congress, Gödöllö, Hungary.
[4] The WPT 12. The World Parrot Trust. African Grey Parrot. www.worldparrottrust.org
[5] NGENYI, A. 2002. African Grey Parrot trade in Cameroon. PsittaScene 14-2(51): 2-3.
[6] El Periódico de Catalunya. Dismantled a network of trafficking in protected species in Barcelona. 11-11-2004.
[7] Report of Animal Aid. 2002. From Rainforest to Retail. Leading DIY chain and the horror of the wild bird trade.
[8] Psittacus Catalonia, SL. Information available in: www.psittacus.com
“Grey Parrot” in captivity:
The ancient Egyptians already kept these birds as pets.. Later the Greeks and the Romans did the same.
While the Grey Parrot they can be good pets, If you have children in your home, buying a Grey Parrot It would be a bad idea, by both the Parrot and the children that can be easily damaged with its claws and beak.
The Grey Parrot can also be difficult for some people to maintain, This is probably due, Unlike other pets, because these are always active and should be checked several times a day. These parrots can be unordered, for example, When they are eating the seeds or other foods it is likely that they end up throwing debris out of the cage and even against the walls.
More Intelligent any dog, calls attention to the 24 hours of the day. His extreme intelligence and sensitivity takes you easily to the depression if it is unrequited.
It is a bird very long-lived, There are those who say that these animals can live 73 and up 93 years. More longevity record reliable, However, is a specimen that was still alive after 49,7 years. In captivity, these animals they tend to breed to the 5 years of age.
Their cages they must also be cleaned daily, due to their feces, they are totally inconsistent and appear in their feeders, toys, or anywhere else in the cage. Because of this, you have to wash the cages thoroughly to remove any odor and bacteria.
To the Grey Parrot like biting everything, and when I say everything, I say this seriously. They mostly enjoy chewing on pieces of wood, probably because they do in nature, However, be aware that they will chew everything at your fingertips, clothing, curtains, the skin of our sofas, etc. If you have many objects in the House, make sure they are in a safe place when you let your birds out of the cage.
Note: In the European Community and the United States this prohibited the marketing of these parrots if they have been captured in wild environments.
Alternative names “Grey Parrot”:
– Grey or Timneh Parrot, African Gray Parrot, African Grey Parrot, Gray Parrot, Grey Parrot (English).
– Perroquet jaco ou P. de Timneh, Jacko, Perroquet gris, Perroquet gris du Gabon, Perroquet jaco (French).
– Graupapagei (German).
– papagaio-do-congo, Papagayo Cinzento, Jacco (Portuguese).
– Cotorra Africana, Loro Yaco, Loro Gris Africano, Loro Gris, Loro Gris de Cola Roja, Yaco (español).
– Avibase
– Parrots of the World – Forshaw Joseph M
– Parrots A Guide to the Parrots of the World – Tony Juniper & Mike Parr
– Birdlife
– Spanish Society of Ornithology / BirdLife – SEO
Photos:
(1) – Congo African Grey Parrot (Psittacus erithacus erithacus) at a bird park in Singapore By Michael Gwyther-Jones (originally posted to Flickr as Singapore) [CC BY 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(2) – Loro gris do Congo. Photo taken na Illa de Arousa, Galiza By L.Miguel Sánchez Bugallo (http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Lmbuga) [GFDL or CC-BY-SA-3.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(3) – Congo African Grey Parrot (Psittacus erithacus erithacus). Pet parrot held on a hand. By Eli Duke [CC BY-SA 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(4) – Young African Grey Parrot (Psittacus erithacus erithacus) at Weltvogelpark Walsrode (Walsrode Bird Park, Germany) OLAF Oliviero Riemer [CC BY-SA 3.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(5) – Loro gris do Congo. Photo taken na Illa de Arousa, Galiza By L.Miguel Sánchez Bugallo (http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Lmbuga) [GFDL or CC-BY-SA-3.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(6) – A Congo African Grey Parrot eating a piece of apple. It is perching on an open cage door and there is another parrot in the cage in the background By Peter F. (originally posted to Flickr as thanksgiving) [CC BY 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(7) – A pet Congo African Grey Parrot on held back By Sonny SideUp (originally posted to Flickr as Bird Tossing) [CC BY 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(8) – By Hans – pixabay
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