Origin: Chad, Central African Republic, Sudan, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Congo
Character: Shy, suspicious
Life expectancy: ---
Height: 25 cm..
Content
Description:
25 cm.. length.
The Niam-Niam Parrot(Poicephalus crassus) has the head and nape Brown olive; the ear-coverts Silver. feathers of the the mantle and tertiary Brown with dark green margin; back, uppertail-coverts and bright green.
Upper, wing-coverts dark green; secondary more internal dark green; rest of the flight feather brown with vane dark green external. Throat and top of the chest Brown olive opaque; bottom of the chest, the belly, the the thighs and undertail- coverts green.
Feathers of the tail dark brown tipped with dark green margins.
Bill yellowish, upper jaw darker than black-tipped; irises yellow; legs blackish.
Both sexes similar.
Hood grayish brown of the immature It shows strong brands of color yellow olive; the the mantle is greener. Underparts paler and more yellowish in adults. Secondary internal lined with yellow. More pale the upper jaw the adults and with grey tip.
Frequents wooded areas of Savannah, forest-savanna mosaic, wet sheets and Syzygium-Adina forests in the savanna to the 1.000 m.
Common in areas near water. Observed in pairs or in small groups. Regular daily movements take place even in the mountainous areas where the Niam-Niam Parrot visit tall trees to feed.
Reproduction:
Few details about reproductive biology, but believes that nest between August-September during the rainy season.
Courtship and implementation not described.
Food:
Its diet It is little known but includes a wide variety of seeds; reported foods include millet, and beans.
Distribution:
Size of the area of distribution (reproduction / resident): 343.000 km2
North of Central Africa to the South of the Sahara. Believed to inhabit also in Cameroon Eastern (where is the status unclear) through the Center and South of the Central African Republic, South-West end of Chad and the north end of the upper area of the Democratic Republic of the Congoto the southwest of Sudan (Bahr-el-Ghazal).
Sedentary with local movements. Little-known state, but think it's generally common, Although most scarce in the southwest of Sudan.
The size of the world's population has not been quantified. This species is one of the lesser known African parrots, but it is assumed that it is common in its area of distribution.
The population is suspected to be stable in the absence of evidence of any reduction or substantial threats.
"Niam-Niam Parrot" in captivity:
Very rare in captivity.
It is a parrot of middle voice, shy and suspicious. Young birds are more accustomed to the caregiver.
New birds susceptible to the stress or illness.
Is necessary for their well-being a regular supply of fresh wood; susceptible during the acclimatization period; resistant once acclimated.
The Blue-bellied Parrot(Triclaria malachitacea) has the head, neck and all the "upper parts" and wing-coverts, grass-green.
Flight feathers grass-green with narrow blue tips to primaries, except the outermost, with a narrow pale blue margin to outerweb. Under, the wings with coverts green, and flight feather, bluish green. The underparts mainly green with large purplish-blue patch on centre of chest and the belly. Upper, the tail It is green with blue tips to central feathers; undertail, bluish green. Bill pink white: cere Pink; brown the irises; legs grey.
The female lacks the patch in the belly blue violet. The immature is as the adult but the respective young male has less blue purple in the underparts.
Sound of the Blue-bellied Parrot.
Its singing It is similar to a Thrush (Molothrus).
Habitat:
The Blue-bellied Parrot They live in the humid forests of the low mountains., generally preferring the canopy and the upper floors of tall forest, rich in bromeliads, along watercourses in the valleys. Visit cultivated areas with orchards and plantations and sometimes wooded suburban areas (for example in São Paulo).
Mainly observed at altitudes of 300-700 m, perhaps 1,000 meters in some places, but also they inhabit lowlands at sea level. The sporadic nature of reports, with apparent absence of apparently suitable areas, suggests some critical aspects of its little-understood ecology.
Reproduction:
Observed nests in cavities of large trees or stumps of palm. Strongly territorial, at least during breeding, with separation until nests 2 km. The breeding season It covers the months of September to January, maybe a little earlier or later.
Food:
Its diet it's formed, mainly, by fruit, seeds, outbreaks and nectar, some insects and their larvae (looking birds seen flying insects); specific foods include Pachystroma, Actinostemon, Sebastian, Eugenia, Campomanesia and Euterpe edulis, also occasionally Cortex, and citrus plantations.
Distribution and status:
Size of its range (breeding/resident): 361.000 km2
The species is quite common in large forest fragments in the Itajai Valley (G. Kohler in some ., 2011). Due to changes in habitat in the lowlands Santa Catarina, the most recent records in that state come from montane forests (G. Kohler in some ., 2011). Two records in Missions, Argentina, require confirmation. The population was estimated previously less than 5.000 individuals (Lambert et to the ., 1993), But Bencke (1996) suggested that there may be 10.000 in Rio Grande do Sul and significant numbers on the eastern slope of the Serra do Mar; But, the apparent rarity of the species suggests that these figures may be an overestimation (J. Gilardi in litt., 2010). In general, it is suspected that the population is declining, although in the State Park Tres Picos, Rio de Janeiro, It seems to have been stable since 2003 (A. Foster in a bit).
Population little known due to camouflage habits. Perhaps more numerous in the many facing slopes east of the Serra do Mar in Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo; habitat loss on a large scale has certainly caused a serious decline in its population, as well as the fragmentation of its distribution area. Although humid upland forests remain in substantial quantities in Serra do Mar, replacement of forests in valleys and on lower slopes with banana plantations could lead to further declines.
Captured for local LBMs and traded in small numbers internationally. There are records of several protected areas, but most of them may be insufficient to support populations of this species due to their low density.
Conservation:
• Current category of the Red List of the UICN: Near-threatened.
• Population trend: decreasing.
Rationale for the Red List category
This species is classified as near threatened because they suspect is in a moderately rapid decline due to loss of habitat and, perhaps to a lesser extent, to the capture for trade bird cage.
Justification of the population
The size of the world's population has not been quantified, but this species is generally described as "rare» (Stotz et to the ., 1996), although it is locally common in some places.
Justification of trend
Se sospecha una decrease moderate and continuous of the population depending on rates of habitat loss and perhaps, to a lesser extent, capture for the bird trade. The decline is not thought to be faster because the species occurs in montane areas where deforestation is typically less severe., It seems to tolerate mature secondary forests and anecdotal observations suggest that is locally stable, for example in the State Park Tres Picos, Rio de Janeiro. (A. Foster in a bit ., 2013).
The ecology and conservation of the Blue-bellied Parrot in remaining forest fragments in Rio Grande do Sul
This project aims to collect basic information on population, the distribution and ecology of the Blue-bellied Parrot in the center of Rio Grande do Sul, where a large population of the species is rapidly declining due to habitat fragmentation. The use of the radiotelemetry technique will make it possible to determine the area of use of the species and to evaluate their dispersal capacities.. Biology studies of this species is the objective to determine the elements that make up its diet and collect information on behavior and reproduction.. Through this information, It is intended to outline a regional plan for conservation Blue-bellied Parrot and their habitat, together with local actors. (AU)
Conservation status:
UICN: Vulnerable (with + 2c, d, Cl, Q2a). Previously in danger of extinction (Q2a: see Collar et al., 1994). CITES: Appendix II.
State of national protection: Protected by federal law and included in the list IBAMA of Brazilian species threatened with extinction (Bernardes et al 1990).
"Blue-bellied Parrot" in captivity:
unknown in captivity.
Alternative names:
– Blue-bellied Parrot, Blue bellied Parrot, Purple-bellied Parrot (English).
– Crick à ventre bleu, Caïque à ventre bleu (French).
– Blaubauchpapagei, Blaubauch, Blaubauch-Papagei (German).
– Papagaio-de-peito-roxo, araçoiaba, araçuaiava, cica, sabiá-ci, sabiá-cica (Portuguese).
– Loro de vientre azul, Loro Sabiá-cicá, Loro Ventriazul (español).
– araçoiaba, araçuaiava, cica, sabiá-ci, Sabiá-cica (Brazil).
The Bronze winged Parrot(Pionus chalcopterus) has the general Brown, darker in head, neck, chest and flanks, This plumage with blue-violet edge.
The throat whitish and pink; wings bronze green.
Flight is evident violet blue at the top of the wing
the Green bottom, that contrasts with the Red of the lower abdomen. Dorsally Violet Blue is notorious in the rump, shoulder and tail. The feathers of the tail are dark blue with a shade of red at the base.
The bill is of color beige, area of naked skin surrounding the eyes of pink. The legs They are pink.
It inhabits in humid jungle, semi-humid, crops and forest edge between 120 and 2800 m.
They are birds gregarious and noisy. Every tomorrow is mobilized in flocks in search of food. Within the flocks are can observe to the couples, that form of life, and who interact with a variety of contact behaviors that reaffirm the marital bond.
Reproduction:
Prefer for their nests broken rods, hollow of logs and palm trees. They nest in the months of October-may. The female often put in two to four eggs they are incubated during three weeks approximately, after which are born them chicks naked or just covered with down. The chicks remain with their parents until the next reproductive shekel.
Food:
Will congregate in cornfields in groups up to of 40 individuals, feeding is of pulp and seeds many fruits and other material ingredients as nectar and flower petals, complementing occasionally its diet with insects.
Distribution:
Its population is distributed by the mountain range of the Andes, from Colombia, Northwest of Venezuela; to the South, by the mountains to the Northwest of Peru.
Conservation:
• Red List category of the UICN current: Least concern
• Population trend: Decreasing
The size of the population World of the Bronze winged Parrot It has not been quantified, but this species is described as ‘rare‘ (Stotz et to the., 1996).
The population was suspected of being in decline due to ongoing habitat destruction.
This species is characterized be decreasing in Colombia and West Ecuador, due to the logging of forest subtropical, which has been severe and quick on the slopes of the Andes (Juniper and Parr 1998).
The evident anecdotal, based on the frequency of sightings, suggests that the species has declined in Pineapples, South of Ecuador, in recent years c.15-20 (M. By D Sanchez. Díaz in litt. 2011). Also is says that has been extirpated from areas previously occupied as the slopes of them Andes and valleys of the Cauca and the Magdalena river in Colombia, again due to loss of habitat (Juniper and Parr 1998).
In Venezuela the species is scarce and local, limited, to a large extent, to the slope West of them Andes in Mérida and Sierra de Perija, with occasional records in Táchira (CJ Sharpe in litt. 2011). These areas have experienced rapid deforestation for at least the last few 24 years for cultivation and livestock.
Surveys conducted in the Northwest of Peru in the decade of 1990 they appeared to detect a sharp decrease in population from 1993 (Rosales et to the., 2007), although this species is known to be nomadic and its local numbers can fluctuate.
"Bronze winged Parrot" in captivity:
Rare in captivity, It is not a main target of poachers (CJ Sharpe in litt. 2011, R. Clay in litt. 2011), although it is still present in the illegal trade of Peru (F. Angle in litt. 2011)
Intelligent, playful and curious. You can be nervous, loving with your caregiver and aggressive with other people. It has a tendency to obesity.
It requires a spacious cage unless the bird pass periods of time outside of it. Not must keep is to open air where the temperatures fall below them 5 °C.
With feed a wide variety of seeds, fruits and berries.
It is a relatively healthy bird, While it may be more susceptible to infection aspergillosis that other species.
In captivity they lay two eggs the incubation takes 26 days.
Alternative names:
– Bronze winged Parrot, Bronze-winged Parrot (English).
– Pione noire, Pionus noir (French).
– Glanzflügelpapagei, Glanzflügel-Papagei (German).
– Curica-asa-de-bronze (Portuguese).
– Cotorra Oscura (Colombia).
– Cotorra Negra (Venezuela).
– Cotorra Oscura, Loro Alibronceado, Loro de Alas Bronceadas, Cheja alibronceada (español).
The Coconut Lorikeet (massena)(Trichoglossus haematodus massena) is a variation of the nominal (Trichoglossus Haematodus).
The plumage is similar to the of the Ornate Lory except that it is usually paler. The head is blue, ending at the nape with dark brown feathers interspersed with more Brown clear. The chest is reddish color with a narrow dark blue edging. In some cases, You can see some yellow zones in chest plumage. The abdomen is green; but there may be some kind of marking on the lower abdomen blue-violet.
The eyes are orange brown in juveniles and adult. The beak is orange-red.
Distribution:
Bismarck Archipelago, Solomon Islands and Vanuatu.
Conservation:
This species is endangered due to habitat loss and capture for the pet trade.
Alternative names:
– Coconut Lorikeet (massena) (ingles).
– Loriquet à tête bleue (massena) (French).
– Allfarblori (massena) (German).
– Lóris-arco-íris (massena) (Portuguese).
– Lori Arcoiris Massena, Tricogloso de Pecho Rojo (massena) (español).
The Ultramarine Lorikeet(Vini ultramarina) has a length of 18 cm.. and an approximate weight of 35 g..
Forehead bright navy blue iridescent; crown and nape Mallow dark blue with streaks of light blue; lores and spots on ear-coverts, white (bases of ear-coverts, purple and blue color). Mantle and covert wing, Navy blue; rump and tail coverts, dark blue light. The flight feather, light blue, blackish internal. Blue off the Underwing coverts. Throat dark blue with white speckles; in the band chest mauve blue with área subterminal pale blue feathers. Belly blank slate bases in feathers, giving a mottled appearance; the thighs dark blue malva; coverts, Turquoise.
The uppertail-coverts, whitish blue with navy blue light diffuse in the outer margins;
undertail coverts whitish merged with navy and some irregular gray markings.
Bill yellow orange, upper jaw, blackish brown at the base; irises brownish yellow; the orange legs.
Both sexes are equal but the female It is slightly smaller.
The immature adult differ by the absence of white on underparts, they are uniformly blackish. Also by bill black, irises Dark Brown and legs orange-brown.
In the Decade of 1970 in Nuku Hiva, these parrots were found only in pristine forests (that they have not been touched and that it is in its original condition) on the 700 m.
There is a similar habitat preferences in UA Pu, where are located mainly in montane forests between 700 and 1.000 m. Populations have also been of Ultramarine Lorikeet in banana plantations, coconut and mango (Mangifera indica), in coastal areas.
The species seems to have a wider range of habitat preferences in UA Pu., being found at altitudes ranging from the coast to wooded crests.
They feed in trees with flowers, especially coconut trees and Erythrina.
Loud and lively; the birds move freely between the canopy and lower floors, allowing the human approach. They usually travel in pairs or groups of up to a dozen of individuals. Most of its flights are made below the level of the trees, but for longer distances they rise spiral up to considerable heights.
Extremely Active, rarely long they stay in a tree and feeds using the peak acrobaticamente support.
Reproduction:
The nesting of these birds is from June to August.
A captive breeding record gives the chick eight weeks to become independent.
Food:
It feeds on a great variety of trees in flower, nectar and pollen. Within your preferences are the flowers of the coconut palm, the native tree and banana Hibiscus tileaceus.
It also feeds on fruits, especially mango and insects.
Distribution:
Size of its range (reproduction / resident): 100 km2
The Ultramarine Lorikeet is endemic of the Marquesas Islands, of Nuku Hiva, UA Pu and UA Huka, Although fossil remains show that previously most widely spread.
In UA Pu the population was estimated at 250-300 couples in 1975. But in 1988 had shrunk around the 60%, probably due to the spread of rats Rattus rattus, and a hurricane in 1988, Although its effects on the population of birds are uncertain.
In Nuku Hiva the small population of around of 70 birds that inhabited the high valleys and ridges in the northwestern part of the island, between 700 and 1.000 d., You can that they are now extinct.
The majority of the population, to this day, remains in UA Huka, where the species was introduced in 1940. This population would have grown from 200 to 250 couples in the late 1970s and was considered abundant in 1990 at altitudes environment to the 500 d., with a population estimated between 1.000 and 1.500 birds. The main threat to the species, here, is the potential arrival of rats, and between 1993 and 1994, 14 Ultramarine Lorikeet they were moved to Fatu Hiva in an attempt to keep them safe from rats; But, habitat deterioration by grazing mammals and avian malaria, also they have been and are still potential factors to increase the vulnerability of this species.
Conservation:
• Current IUCN Red List category: Danger.
• Population trend: Decreasing.
CITES Appendix I. in danger of extinction.
The entire population is located on an island where the species is stable, in other islands recently has been extinguished. The general trend is suspected to be a slow and continuous decrease. If the black rats come to UA Huka the decrease will be quick and severe.
Other threats included are logging in some sectors of the habitat of the Ultramarine Lorikeet to plant crops, fruit trees, and use the trunks for woodcarvings for tourism.
"Ultramarine Lorikeet" in captivity:
Extremely rare.
Alternative names:
– Ultramarine Lorikeet, Marquesas Lorikeet, Ultramarine Lory (ingles).
– Lori ultramarin, Lori de Goupil, Lori des Marquises (French).
– Ultramarinlori (German).
– Loris Vini Ultramarine (Portuguese).
– Lori Ultramar, Lori Ultramarino (español).
– Avibase
– Parrots of the World – Forshaw Joseph M
– Parrots A Guide to the Parrots of the World – Tony Juniper & Mike Parr
– Birdlife
– Photos:
1 – Miles to the wild – link
2 – Miles to the wild – link
3 – Miles to the wild – link
4 – An adult bird perched on a palm tree – Author Josep del Hoyo – IBC.lynxeds.com
5- A juvenile bird feeding in a tree. – Author Josep del Hoyo – IBC.lynxeds.com
The head of the Red-throated Lorikeet(Charmosyna amabilis) is green with lores and chin red. Upperparts green. Wings internal and ends with green feathers flight feather color black. Throat red, bordered below by a narrow yellow collar; rest of the underparts with a yellowish green that upperparts, particularly in the center of belly; the thighs red. The tail above green a little darker than the rump, with yellow ends; undertail yellow. Bill orange; irises yellow; legs orange-red.
Male and female are equal.
Immature generally duller. The the thighs dull purple. The yellow band throat much weaker than in adults and the red facial and marks throat more restricted.
Habitat:
Move by tropical forests, mainly over the 500 m. Son nomads and fly in pairs or small flocks of 5-8 birds in search of flowering trees, uniting to feed on flowers, nectar and pollen. They prefer to feed in the canopy, and although it is apparently ejected away from the areas of power by the aggressive Collared Lory, Holyoak He found two species feeding on the same tree during his remarks in 1973.
Reproduction:
Breeding and nesting habits unknown.
Food:
They feed actively, to often hung upside down to get to flores.
Distribution:
Size of the area of distribution (reproduction / resident): 37.100 km2
endemic to the Fiji Islands where it is rare and usually only moves above 500 meters and below 1.000 m. Is distributed between in Viti Levu, Ovalau (where it may now be extinct), Vanua Levu and Taveuni. In 1973 Holyoak found at a Red-throated Lorikeet on a wooded Ridge around 250 metres in Viti Levu, species you saw or heard on five different days while exploring Taveuni thinking that the species was widespread in the rainy forests at an altitude between 550 and 1,000 m. The species was also recorded in rainforests between 120 meters and 980 feet by Martyn L. Gorman (1975), but it is said that they are rare. These records are among the few documented sightings of this century. The world's population is believed to be of less than 10.000 specimens. Despite its apparent rarity, This species may be overlooked due to their unobtrusive plumage and behavior.
Conservation:
• Current IUCN Red List category: Critical Hazard
• Population trend: Decreasing
Threats to the lowlands and hills of the forest is slowly being erased much of Fiji. But, the rarity and assumed decline of this species is probably largely the result of predation by introduced mammals, especially Black Rat (Rattus rattus) , as it is the case with the closely related New Caledonian Lorikeet (Charmosyna diadema).
Increases in course in the logging and the expansion of the road network, especially around the Highlands of Monasavu and Serua in Viti Levu, It is likely that you have caused an increase of the density of these rats (Watling 2000, G. Dutson in litt. 2005). The Indian Brown Mongoose (Herpestes fuscus) introduced, is also present in the areas of distribution of the Red-throated Lorikeet and it can be a threat (V. Masibalavu in litt. 2012).
Agricultural expansion is encroaching on primary forest in Taveuni. Have a distribution in mountains close to the maximum altitude within its distribution area, It also makes this potentially susceptible species to climate change (BirdLife International).
Is species is protected by the laws of Fiji. In Viti Levu, dwells within the Tomaniivi nature reserve, but this is not large enough to maintain a resident population and, Despite the creation of the extension Wabu proposal to make a reservation of adequate size, this would not provide better protection against rats if the reserve is kept unmanaged (D. Watling in litt. 2000)
"Red-throated Lorikeet" in captivity:
Unknown in captivity.
Alternative names:
– Red-throated Lorikeet, Red throated Lorikeet (ingles).
– Lori à gorge rouge (French).
– Rothöschen (German).
– Lori de Garganta Roja, Lori Gorgirrojo (español).
The plumage of the Sula hanging parrot(Loriculus sclateri) is mostly green.
The chin and throat They are red. There are orange-yellow markings on the mantle and in the back. The coverts, rump and tail upper are crimson, extending to the tip of the tail. Carpal edge red (Wing attack on the "shoulder"). The tail It is green with yellow-green tip. The bill is black.
the female has the irises brown, While the male is pale yellow.
To the Sula hanging parrot Sometimes I have treated as a subspecies of the Moluccan hanging parrot, but the two are treated as separate species based on its clear differences in plumage and size.
They are generally distributed in humid areas of subtropical primary and secondary forests or lowland tropical forests. until 450 meters above sea level – mainly on the edge of the forest. Can also be seen in remaining tall trees in plantations and cultivated areas.
viewed solos, or pairs or small groups.
Reproduction:
The first breeding season begins in January and lasts until April; and if conditions are right, breeding activities can once again be observed from July to September.
Nest trunks of dead trees, favor of the narrow hollow long with small entrance holes. Noticed it a female carrying nesting material, that can include pieces of bark, leaves and feathers for lining of the nest. Sunset You can consist of 2 to 4 white eggs. Single the female incubates the eggs during 20 days, While the male feeds it. Each egg measures of ~ 15 mm to 18,7 mm.
Food:
Its diet natural It consists mainly of red fruits – particularly wild figs, guava and berries, as well as flower buds and flowers. They also feed on nectar and seeds.
Distribution:
Size of the area of distribution (reproduction / resident): 30.800 km2
– Avibase
– Parrots of the World – Forshaw Joseph M
– Parrots A Guide to the Parrots of the World – Tony Juniper & Mike Parr
– Birdlife
– beautyofbirds
25 cm.. length and a weight between 160 and 195 g..
The Singing Parrot(Geoffroyus heteroclitus) they have the head bright pale yellow.
A band Large blue-gray adorns the back of neck and gradually it fades in green on the the mantle. The throat is bluish grey. All upperparts are light green. The median stained reddish brown. You can see the pale yellow stripes on the innerwebs of the flight feather. The underparts is bright blue. Upper chest is blue-gray, which contrasts with the rest of the underparts, that are of a much lighter green back. The upper part of the tail is green. The bottom of the tail is grey, but with a slight yellow color in the outerweb external feathers tail.
The upper jaw is of color yellow pale, the dark gray lower jaw. The irises are yellow, the legs gray-green.
The sexes are dimorphic. The female has a bill totally dark. Yellow beginning of the head and neck greenish blue are away. In its place, the top It is gray and cheeks They are brownish green.
Immature show greener on the head than females. Its bill is paler and its irises dark.
The Singing Parrot frequent humid lowlands, undisturbed, Hills generally below and of the 600 meters up to a maximum of 1.760 meters in the South of New Ireland . They are also partially cleared areas, at the edge of forests, in stands of trees in regeneration and in gardens.
The birds, often, they are heard when they make calls from the exposed or isolated trees, or view flying rapidly above the canopy.
They are alone, in pairs, or having relationships in small groups. There have been next to the Cardinal Lory and Duchess Lorikeet in Bougainville. They are often calm and difficult to detect when they remain perched among the dense foliage.
Reproduction:
The nest is a hole dug by the female in a dead tree stump or rotten, but nothing more is known about the breeding ecology of the species.
Food:
The diet It includes seeds, fruit, flowers and buds.
Distribution:
Size of the area of distribution (reproduction / resident): 576.000 km2
The Singing Parrot They are endemic Bismarck Archipelago and Solomon Islands. These birds are found in the following Islands: Umboi, New Britain, Lolobau, Duke of York, New Ireland, New Hanover, Tabar, Lihir, Buka, Bougainville (Papua New Guinea). It can also be seen in Choiseul, Santa Isabel, San Jorge, Malaita, New Georgia, Guadalcanal and all the little Islands Rennell (Solomon Islands).
