The Pohnpei Lorikeet(Trichoglossus rubiginosus) is unmistakable.
The head and back, dark brown, darker in the head. Scapulars and blankets, are of color Bordeaux dark. The flight feather are blackish in those networks internal and infiltrated with color olivaceous in them vane outer.
The primaries more external are clearly yellow. The bottom of the wings black. The underparts Deep Garnet color, with a black edge in the bottom sides of the edges that draw a bar at the bottom.
The upper part of the tail color is olivaceous, brighter in the vicinity of the tip; lower tail is of color yellow pale. The bill is orange. The irises are yellow-orange, the legs and feet are dark gray.
In the female, the bill seems more yellowish and the irises are greyish white.
This species is present on the entire surface of the island, until 600 m. It is distributed by a variety of habitats, such as coconut trees, plane trees, dense tropical forests, plots regenerated, forests and mangroves.
The Pohnpei Lorikeet is a bird especially loud, He throws her screams from the roosts after dark. It is fairly easy to detect, Since it wanders in small flocks of February to December in search of food in trees in flower.
It tends to fly high and travel long distances over the ocean.
When fed into the forests of tall trees, usually favors the average vegetation floor.
As the Ponape island receives a large amount of precipitation (until 7600 mm. per year in some places), the Pohnpei Lorikeet seek refuge under the large leaves.
Reproduction:
The Pohnpei Lorikeet It builds its nest on top of a coconut tree or in any cavity of a tree from the forest.
The spawning usually consists of an only egg.
The nesting season generally goes from December to may.
Food:
Consumes nectar, pollen and fruit. While feeding, It tends to keep its head down to pick up their food in the flowers of coconut and banana.
The nectar of Erythrina and the mango is very appreciated by the Pohnpei Lorikeet.
Distribution:
Size of the area of distribution (reproduction / resident): 350 km2
As its name implies, lori this is endemic of the Ponape island, which is the most populated island of the States federate of Micronesia. Formerly, also lived on the atoll of Namoluk about the island of Truk.
It is possible that range was more extensive than it is today.
Conservation:
– Current IUCN Red List category: Near threatened
– The population trend: Decreasing
This species is listed as near-threatened because it is suspected that their population, which is mostly a subpopulation, It is in decline due to changes in land use. It also has a very small range; But, is unlikely that it is declining, in terms of population, given the adaptability of the species. Neither population is severely fragmented or restricted to a few locations.
Surveys in 1994 suggested that the species had declined a 74-75% Since the beginning of the eighties, probably indicating a decrease in real (Buden 2000). The current population exceeds the 10.000 specimens (Juniper and Parr 1998, M. O'Brien a little. 2011).
In the news, It is the official bird of the State of Pohnpei and your hunting, capture and export is illegal.
The Purple-bellied Lory(Lorius hypoinochrous) has an approximate length of 26 cm.. with a weight ranging between 200 and 240 g..
Hood black in color with blue purple sheen extending to the rear of the nape; rest of head red. Upperparts completely red with a band dark variable on the the mantle; upper mantle slightly more purple that the rest of them upperparts. Primary coverts Bluish; remaining wing
Green with the internals of the flight feather in black color. Rojas the wing-coverts with black tips. The flight feather show a large patch yellow in the part internal.
Throat and chest, red, getting more purple towards the top belly; part low belly, the thighs and coverts, dark purple-blue. The parties above of the tail basically red, with the final part in dark blue (appears only teal at rest); undertail, opaque yellow with red hidden base.
Bill orange; cere (waxy soft swelling, containing the nostrils, at the base of the upper beak) white; Iris orange; legs black grey.
There is no significant difference between males and females. In general, the male has a bill a little stronger than the female.
The juveniles has belly pale purple color and peaks are more brownish.
(Rothschild & Hartert, 1918) – Difference with the species rated by the fact of that has the chest the same red that the upper part of the abdomen.
Habitat:
Unlike in the Black-capped Lory, often found in coconut, mangroves and coastal vegetation (especially fond of coconut flowers); the Purple-bellied Lory also frequents low forests, the edges of these, high secondary forests, inhabited or partially cleared areas and gardens. Found individually, in pairs or in small groups of up to 10-20 birds. Ruidoso, visible and Active, they often live in trees or just above the canopy.
In the Island of Papua, they are distributed by the lowlands and foothills, in New Britain up to at least 450 m, in New Ireland until 750 m (where is sympathetic with the White-naped Lory) and up 1.600 metres in the Goodenough island.
Virtually nothing is known of the reproductive ecology of this species., Although is has been able to observe to them males in a, apparent, participation in the cortejo, with repetitive stretching of the neck and movements side of the head.
Reproduction:
Due to its extreme rarity, We know little about their reproductive behavior.
It is likely to be very similar to the of the Black-capped Lory(Lorius lory). This means a spawning two eggs and a incubation period of about 26 days.
Food:
The Purple-bellied Lory It feeds mainly in the canopy in noisy groups. Its diet natural consists of pollen, nectar, flowers, fruits, insects and their larvae, and probably seeds.
Usually see, sometimes, feeding is in company of the Sulphur-crested cockatoo and the Eclectus Parrot.
Distribution:
Size of the area of distribution (reproduction / resident): 61.900 km2
24 cm.. length and an approximate weight of 68 g..
The head of the Josephine's Lorikeet (Charmosyna josefinae) it is red in color with a conspicuous black patch extending from the back of the crown to the nape and in a transverse line to the eyes; back of the Crown is marked with purple stripes; large red necklace. Mantle and scapulars Green; bottom of the Red back: rump with a central patch of dark blue; views from the top, the coverts of the tail of blue to red. The wings, from above, green with vane internal greyish towards flight feathers; marginal coverts Green. View from below, the coverts of Red Wings. Red underparts with a purplish-black spot in the center of the belly, that extends to the flanks on the thighs; seen from below, tail-coats are red. From above, the tail shows red with yellow tip and green color side feathers; from below, the tail is yellow. The peak, orange red; iris yellow ; orange-yellow legs.
The female It shows the lower part of the back of yellow, tending to green on the rump.
The immature with impregnated in green belly patch, and bluish black thighs. The blue rump patch impregnated in green. Makes color lilac in the back of the Crown replaced by blue-green color marks.
Immature females It shows the low back of red with some yellow marks.
: It differs from the nominal value by having more extensive black belly patch and more grey marks on the back of the Crown. Females lack of greenish broadcasting on the flanks and in the low back.
Charmosyna josefinae cyclopum
: Differs from the nominal value by the absence of black belly patch and the practical absence of grisaceo-azul in the back color of the Crown marks.
Habitat:
Possibly Nomad. Frequents montane forests, edges of forests and partially cleared areas, mainly between 760 and 2.200 meters and more common between 850 and 1.200 meters although there have been up to at sea level. Usually seen in pairs or small groups. Despite their striking coloration, is quite discreet. Feeds in the tops of trees in flower, flowering vines or plants epiphytes, often with him Fairy Lorikeet.
Reproduction:
Nesting and breeding to be described.
Food:
Diet includes pollen, nectar, flower buds and soft fruits.
Distribution:
New Guinea in Irian Java (Indonesian) and Papua New Guinea, mainly in the Western and central cordillera, Since the Mountains Parotia and Vogelkop, to the Bismarck range in the Northeast (Jimi and also Baiyer River). There has been since Jayapura, on the North coast of Irian Java, and come to the South of Mount Bosavi, Papua New Guinea.
Subspecies distribution:
Charmosyna josefinae josefinae
: The nominal.
Charmosyna josefinae sepikiana
: Mountains of the region of Sepik, Papua New Guinea and in the Highlands of the West to the East until approximately the area of the jimi river and to the South of Mount Bosavi
The world's population has not been quantified, but it is thought that it may be above the 300.000 specimens.
A small number in captivity.
The population is suspected to be stable in the absence of evidence of any reduction or substantial threats.
"Josephine's Lorikeet" in captivity:
Take it easy, but at the lively and active time. Some new birds may initially be nervous. Young birds, in particular, curious and playful. Aggressive toward other birds. Susceptible to stress and disease during the acclimatization. Strict hygiene necessary due to a mainly liquid diet.
Alternative names:
– Josephine’s Lorikeet, Josephine’s Lory (ingles).
– Lori de Josephine, Lori de Joséphine (French).
– Josefinenlori (German).
– Lori de Josefina (español).
The Modest Tiger-Parrot(Psittacella modesta) has the head Brown olive, with indistinct centers yellow to the feathers of the crown and nape. Mantle dark green, with slightly darker edges to feathers; rump with indistinct greenish-yellow and black mix. Uppertail green, with fringe darker. Wings of color green dark marked in blue on the curve.
Yellow wing feathers. Of flight outer feathers blackish edged green in the bases and with fine yellow margins the vane internal and external. Top of the chest Gris-Oliva below the bend of wing, belly paler, opaque green; undertail-coverts red. Upper, the tail dark green; by down blackish.
The bill grey-blue, whitish tip; irises orange; legs bluish grey.
Female alternating the Brown dark and the pink in the chest, flanks alternating the Green and yellow-green.
(Rand, 1941) – Something more dark in General, the collar yellow on the back of the neck is more brilliant and variable, head brown / dark grey.
The females with the head darker and some with a slight yellow colouring.
Psittacella modesta collaris
(Ogilvie-Grant, 1914) – The neck yellow, irregularly present. Darker hue at the sides of the head.
The females have mild brands yellow in the part back from the head.
Habitat:
It is found in the humid mountain forests, forest Moss, edges of secondary vegetation and forests, a altitude between 1.200 and 4.000 m (mostly between 1,700-2,800 Metro).
The Modest Tiger-Parrot is a bird quiet, discreet, quite docile and difficult to observe. It tends to prefer medium or lower forest and seeks its food crawling or jumping slowly at ground level. They only fly short distances when bother them.
Birds are found alone or in pairs, and they feed on seeds and small fruits.
The young birds as females.
Reproduction:
There is no information on the breeding ecology, but a male State of reproduction was observed during the month of June.
Food:
Observed feeding is of small fruits; seeds and pieces of berries DURAS were found in their stomachs.
Distribution:
Size of the area of distribution (reproduction / resident): 65.100 km2
New Guinea in Irian Jaya, Indonesian and Papua New Guinea. Scattered through the uplands, observed in the Vogelkop mountains (isolated population), and after all latitude 136ºE, through the central mountain belt, in the central mountain ranges, including the Tari area, the range of Victor Emanuel and the District of Mount Hagen, reaching around of 145 °E. The range overlaps with the species Madarasz's Tiger-Parrot at a length of 1,200 kilometers along the Cordillera central and where the two species overlap. The Modest Tiger-Parrot is usually found in slightly higher altitudes than the Madarasz's Tiger-Parrot. The world's population is thought to be greater of 50.000 specimens. The species is locally common.
(Ogilvie-Grant, 1914) – is located to the South of the Maoke mountains.
Conservation:
• Current category of the Red List of the UICN: Least concern
• Population trend: Stable
The size of the world population It has not been quantified, Although deemed superior to the 50.000 specimens. The species is reported as locally common (pit et to the. 1997).
The population is suspected to be stable in the absence of evidence of any reduction or substantial threats.
– Avibase
– Parrots of the World – Forshaw Joseph M
– Parrots A Guide to the Parrots of the World – Tony Juniper & Mike Parr
– Birdlife
– Wikipedia
– Loromania
46 cm. length and a weight between 680 and 800 g..
The head of the Pesquet's Parrot(Psittrichas fulgidus) is black, front without feathers, may be covered with small ruffled black feathers with a patch of stiff red feathers on the front of the legs ear-coverts. Nape, the mantle, back and tail blackish brown with fine pale edges.
Uppertail Red with black bases. Upper, black flight feathers, with large and medium-sized external coverts (except the innermost) and vane external Central flight feathers, red; Black primary coverts. Under, Black tail with red in the lower and medium coverts. More Brown on the top breast than in the rest, with a wavy effect to pale fringes to the feathers; belly, flanks and coverts red infracaudales. Upper, the black tail.
black beak; black skin of the face; dark brown irises; Blackish grey legs.
The female It lacks the red patch on the side of the head and is slightly smaller on average.
The Pesquet's Parrot are found mainly in the primary and secondary montane rain forest at an altitude between 600 and 1.200 m. However there are to the 2.000 m, and are occasional at altitudes as low as 50 m.
The species is thought, generally, they have a low density of population, finding the highest concentrations in forest areas relatively calm, where the birds are free from persecution.
These large and showy parrots, They are commonly found in pairs or in groups of up to 20 individuals, perched, usually, at the top of the exposed trees, or loud flying through or above the canopy.
Jump nervously around the Bush with quick flapping, and they can stay in the tops of emergent trees during a rain. It has been flying to settle on a solitary tree in the midst of the darkness.
Reproduction:
Reproductive habits in nature are unknown, but birds in breeding conditions have been observed in the months of February to May. In captivity a pair was observed to courting; There was a two-egg-laying, which were incubated by the female during 31 days, and the only chick, yellowish white, was fed by both parents.
During their feeding, the base of the beak can become covered with fruit pulp, and it is likely that extension of the exposed facial skin has evolved to avoid that feathers absorb from food scraps.
Distribution:
Size of the area of distribution (reproduction / resident): 278.000 km2
The species is unevenly distributed in montane forests, and is considered uncommon in most areas. World population is thought to be in decline, mainly due to hunting for food and feathers (that are more appreciated even than the feathers of the bird of paradise Paradisaeidae).
The introduction of weapons has significantly increased the pressure of the species in more densely populated areas. Live bird trade and habitat loss, It is also thought that they represent potential threats. There are a small number in captivity.
Conservation:
• Current category of the Red List of the UICN: Vulnerable
• Population trend: Decreasing
It is estimated that their population may be setting to the 42,000 birds.
This species is under severe pressure from the hunt for obtaining their colorful feathers, and to one degree lower for trade and meat. Hunting for feathers has increased with population growth and the increasing number of tourists. As a whole, These factors are suspected of being leading to a rapid and continuous reduction of the population of this species.
Conservation Actions Proposed:
– Conduct surveys to improve the accuracy of the estimate of the population.
– Investigation of the basic ecology of the species, especially any of their food.
– Investigate the trade in feathers.
– Monitor numbers at surveyed sites, as the crater of the mountain and Kikori.
– Numbers of monitors marketed domestically and internationally.
– Transport Control of threatened species in domestic flights.
– Run an education program to discourage tourists from buying feathers and artifacts.
– Investigate adequacy of a program to replace artificial or dyed feathers (Mack and Wright 1998) .
"Pesquet's Parrot" in captivity:
extremely rare.
Birds, even bred hand, may be difficult and aggressive with their caregiver; they can be a bit uncomfortable mainly due to their diet of fruit.
Alternative names:
– Pesquet’s Parrot, Vulturine Parrot (ingles).
– Psittrichas de Pesquet, Perroquet de Pesquet (French).
– Borstenkopf (German).
– Papagaio-de-pesquet (Portuguese).
– Loro Aguileño (español).
Of 25 cm.. length and a weight between 130 and 150 g..
The Senegal Parrot(Poicephalus senegalus) has the forecrown, crown, lores and nape dark slate gray; clear the chin and cheeks; ear-coverts Silver. Mantle, scapulars and back bright green; rump and uppertail-coverts lighter with yellowish tint. Upper, the wing-coverts bright green ; secondaries and primaries of color Brown dark with edges green to them vane outer. Under, the wing-coverts Yellow. Throat grey, merging with the chest green (green lighter on the upper parts); low area chest and belly bright yellow with orange dye plant; the thighs green, undertail- coverts bright yellow. Tail greenish brown.
Bill grey: irises yellow with bare periophthalmic black; Chere blackish: Legs dark brown.
Sexes similar in plumage.
Immature generally paler than the adult with the head in brown tone off, has the ear-coverts Silver; sometimes extends the green on the bottoms shaped yellow patches on the flanks. Iris dark brown.
(Reichenow, 1910) – Similar to the species nominal, but with the green plumage paler and green color chest It is extending into the abdomen, the abdomen It is orange.
(Finsch, 1863) – Similar to the species nominal but the green color the mantle and wings is darker; the lower regions of chest and the abdomen are yellow orange to red in the middle of the abdomen.
Habitat:
The Senegal Parrot They are found in a variety of forest habitats ranging from open field with scattered and palm trees to the dense forests closed.
They are probably just below 1.000 meters above sea level.
Gregarious, at least outside the breeding period.
Usually they are seen in couples or groups of up to 20 birds, Larger groups can meet locally to exploit abundant food areas.
They perform diurnal movements and of longer duration in relation to the food supply;. Consequently, of the pobalación Senegal Parrot fluctuates widely in some areas.
Reproduction:
The Senegal Parrot usually they build a nest in the cavity of a tree branch (of Adansonia or Parkia), at a height of 10 m, sometimes more.
The breeding season It seems to vary depending on location. In the wetter areas, breeding season can be prolonged. In the region of Gambia and the rio Senegal, they have been egg production in the months of April, may, August and september, also from November to February. In drier areas (as Mali) the breeding season is probably limited by the rainy season (May to October).
They put of 2 to 4 eggs on alternate days and the period of incubation is of 25 to 28 days, female being fed by the male until hatching. The juveniles to leave the nest 9 weeks of age.
Food:
The diet of the Senegal Parrot It is composed of a variety of fruits, seeds and sprouts leaves.
Size of the area of distribution (reproduction / resident): 3.590.000 km2
The Senegal Parrot they are endemic in West Africa. Since Guinea (including the The islands), Senegal, Gambia, South of Mauritania and South of Mali through forest-savanna mosaic of Ivory Coast. Burkina Faso, South of Niger, Ghana (also on the coast). Benin and Togo until Nigeria, Cameroon and Southwest Chad.
Partially sedentary but seasonal visitors in some areas (especially further north), for example, some birds move south on the niger river in Mali with the onset of the driest periods. In the rainy season visitantan Southern Mauritania and some movements Nigeria, with the driest north unemployed, off wet season.
Subspecies distribution:
Poicephalus senegalus mesotypus
(Reichenow, 1910) – East and Northeast Nigeria, South of Niger, North of Cameroon, southwest end Chad and possibly the extreme northwest Central African Republic.
The size of the world population Senegal Parrot It has not been quantified, but the species, according to sources, It is often abundant (pit et to the. 1997).
The population is suspected to be stable and may even benefit from the widespread loss of closed canopy forests in the West Africa.
This species has been heavily traded: 1994-2003, more than 410,000 wild individuals were exported from the range States (Trade Database, in October of 2005 UNEP-WCMC CITES). It is one of the most popular pet birds, since it is regarded as a quiet little bird in captivity. Due to the large amount of this kind traded, It was the subject of a review of significant trade of the CITES, in which it was classified as «possible concern» (Inskipp et al. 1988). However, and despite international exports of a large number of birds, trade seems to have not seriously affected this species in general, without significant decreases in reported national population.
EXPORTS:
• Guinea exported in the dates between 1994 and 2003 a few 164.817 specimens.
• Mali exported in the dates between 1994 and 2003 a few 60.742 specimens.
• Senegal exported in the dates between 1994 and 2003 a few 173.794 specimens.
• Liberia not considered diffusion area, however it is known that among 1999 and 2003 some were exported 4.860 specimens, thus becoming the fourth country with the most exports made of Africa.
"Senegal Parrot" in captivity:
The Senegal Parrot It, after the Grey Parrot(Psittacus erithacus), African parrot most traded and raised in captivity. You might say whole sentences and whistle songs. Thanks to its size it is considered a quiet pet and very manageable when it's raised hand (papillero). They are not noisy and create a very emotional bond with family members.
Imported adult birds are always reserved even when they spend a lot of time with their caretaker. Young, on the other hand, They are docile and affectionate, and then adapt to the people.
With regard to its longevity, according to sources, a specimen lived 40 years in captivity.
– Avibase
– Parrots of the World – Forshaw Joseph M
– Parrots A Guide to the Parrots of the World – Tony Juniper & Mike Parr
– Birdlife
– Wikipedia
– Photos:
(1) – An adult Senegal Parrot at Artis Zoo, Amsterdam, Netherlands. The extent of yellow tends to indicate that it is probably a male By Arjan Haverkamp [CC BY 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(2) – An adult Senegal Parrot in Maspalomas, Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, By Juan Emilio Spain from Las Palmas, Spain [CC BY-SA 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(3) – Poicephalus senegalus senegalus, the Senegal Parrot By Charlesjsharp (Own work) [CC BY-SA 3.0 or GFDL], via Wikimedia Commons
(4) – A pair of Senegal Parrots in a tree. One parrot (probably the male) is feeding the other (probably the female). Thomas J. Haslam, http://www.flickr.com/photos/tjhaslam/ On 24 February 2007, I took the photos for this montage at the birding site Technopole in Dakar, Senegal. Licensed to Wikipedia under CC-BY 2.5 and GFDL. Published to my Flickr account under the same license.
(5) – A juvenile Senegal Parrot By Brian Holsclaw (originally posted to Flickr as IMG_2807) [CC BY 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
The Yellow-headed Parrot(Amazona oratrix) has head and nape bright yellow; sides neck sometimes with scattered green feathers.
Upperparts green grass with ends of darker green in some feathers; uppertail-coverts paler. Wing coverts green, sometimes with paler yellow margins on some feathers; edge front of the wing
and carpal area with red marks and / or yellow variables. Primaries and secondaries green at the base (more emerald than coverts), blue at the tips; five base outer secondaries bright red, forming a speculum. Under wings green. The chin is bright yellow, the throat variable green and dark blue suffusion margins in the feathers of some birds; chest and belly green with yellowish suffusion in some birds, bluish suffusion in other; the thighs with yellow feathers in some birds. Tail green with red tips yellow and green at the base of the innerwebs of the lateral feathers. Bill gray horn; bare periophthalmic whitish; irises orange; legs grey.
Both sexes are similar.
Immature It is very green part with little or no yellow in the head without red and yellow in the wings.
Sound of the Yellow-headed Parrot.
Geographic Variation:
All birds puerto Barios at the East end of Guatemala show yellow concentrate lores and crown. While it described as near the subspecies belizensis, the birds of puerto Barios at the northwest end of Honduras They may represent another subspecies of oratrix (not yet formally described) provisionally named guatemalensis (see belizensis below). The hondurensis, described below, It was widely regarded as a subspecies of undescribed Yellow-crowned Parrot (Amazona ochrocephala), but now treated at the southern end as a cline (gradual change of phenotypic traits of the same species due to environmental influences and conditions) Yellow decreasing in head Group of birds yellowhead.
Description 3 subspecies:
Amazona oratrix belizensis
Monroe,BL Jr & Howell,TR, 1966) – Less yellow in the head that the nominal species, without yellow on the throat. Cheeks green, bare periophthalmic grayish-white and probably on average smaller. Fowl Guatemala, to the Northwest of Honduras, sometimes show yellow in head as a patch wide in front of the crown and around eyes, and perhaps they represent a species not yet described (known as guatemalensis); although some birds also show yellow feathers on nape (see geographic variation in Yellow-naped Parrot (Amazona auropalliata).
Amazona oratrix hondurensis
(Lousada & Howell,SNG, 1997) – Yellow on head limited to forecrown and in front of the crown, some birds show patch yellow in nape. One bill paler and more extensive yellow on the nape and the head subspecies caribea of the Yellow-naped Parrot. The patch Yellow crown It is also rounded or triangular, against a narrowband subspecies caribea. The subspecies panamensis of the Yellow-crowned Parrot has a bill darker and lacks the patch yellow in nape.
The Yellow-headed Parrot frequent savannas, Bosques Tropicales deciduous (including clear), dense forests of thorns, marshy forests peaceful, flood forest evergreen, dense gallery forest, forests Pinus caribea (Belice) and cultivated land with trees, mainly in lowlands below 500 m.
Mainly observed in pairs or in large groups in communal roosts and feeding areas favorites. They snuggle into pine-covered ridges in Belice, moving to nearby humid forests to feed. Apparently, only flocks form in Tamaulipas.
Reproduction:
The Yellow-headed Parrot put their nests in cavities of trees 6-15 meters and in the holes of the palmeras Roystonea. Along the Pacific coast of Michoacán in Mexico, the Yellow-headed Parrot nests in trees Astronium graveolens, Brosimum allicastrum and at least five other species of trees (T. Monterrubio-Rico et al., In 2007)
In Belice, preferred pines nest. Breeding season in the months of February to May in the south, to June in the north (for example in Tamaulipas). Clutch, usually 2-3 eggs, they are incubated between 27 and 28 days. The young leave the nest at eight weeks.. On average, only 1.2 hatchlings reach adulthood in each clutch.
They can cause damage to crops, including corn, mango and green bananas.
Distribution and status:
Size of its range (breeding/resident ): 1.020.000 km2
The Yellow-headed Parrot It is confined to Central America in Mexico, Belice, the east end Guatemala and the Northwest corner of Honduras. They are distributed by the slope of peaceful of Mexico in Colima, Michoacán, Warrior, Oaxaca (two disjunct populations on the slopes of peaceful and of the Gulf on Isthmus region) and Chiapas. also observed in the shed Gulf from the central and southern Tamaulipas, to the East of San Luis Potosi, Puebla, Veracruz, Tabasco and Campeche, as well as in Belice and around puerto Barios at the East end of Guatemala to the northwest corner of Honduras in the Sula Valley.
Distribution in the east of its range poorly documented, with dubious appearances Campeche and in the region of Petén in the North of Guatemala, confirmed only 1993.
Reports Yellow-headed Parrot outside the normal range Mexico (for example, City of Mexico) probably involving leaks. Wild populations Miami (Florida) and Puerto Rico.
local residents, and rare sparsely distributed along most of its distribution (perhaps locally common in parts of Belice) with diminished by the loss of habitat populations and their capture for live bird markets.
The population of Sula Valley survives as remainder. marketed widely both within and outside the species range, being one of the most searched Neotropical parrots pet (reputedly one of the best talkers). The most drastic falls have probably been in the northeast of Mexico, where habitat loss has been more rapid and severe. The wild population is probably less than 7.000 individuals (1994).
• Current category of the Red List of the UICN: In danger of extinction.
• Population trend: Decreasing.
• Population size: 4700
Rationale for the Red List category
This species qualifies as in danger of extinction due to demographic decline very fast. The population is now so small that it is likely to fall (but still very significant) rates decrease in the future (Collar et al., 1992).
Justification of the population
The population It was estimated 7.000 copies in 1994. This is roughly equivalent to 4.700 mature individuals.
Justification of trend
It is estimated that the population of the species is declining very fast, due to the loss and degradation of habitat and the levels of capture and persecution. On the coast of Michoacán, Mexico, it is estimated that the species occupies the 45.6% its estimated historical distribution (Monterrubio-Rico et al ., 2007 ). Throughout all Pacific coast of Mexico, its historical range has contracted by a 79% (Monterrubio-Rico et al ., 2010). The population of Punta de Manabique It decreased by 30% between 1994 and 2001 mainly due to the Poaching of nests (our man 2003 , Eisermann in a bit., 2007).
Threats
• The habitat loss It has been extensive, with the 80% lowlands of Tamaulipas cleared for agriculture and pasture, and growing settlements along the Autopista del Oeste in Belice (Somerville 1997).
• In Belice, where much of the suitable habitat is outside the sistema national protected area, the regions occupied by species remain under heavy development pressure (B. Miller in a little ., 2007).
• Las palm savannas at the only known breeding site in Guatemala They are used for no intensive cattle grazing (our man 2003), who is still a threat here (Fundary et al ., 2006).
• Many thousands of Individuals of this species are exported illegally from Mexico and some from Belice each year, and it is popular in domestic markets (Low 1995b, Miller and Miller 1997, Somerville 1997).
• The illegal internal traffic is intense in Mexico and may represent the 38% of recent species loss distributive (T. Monterrubio-Rico et al., In 2007).
• In the Mexican states of Michoacán, Warrior and Oaxaca, They are mainly pups those taken to the pet trade (T. Monterrubio-Rico et al., In 2007).
• In Guatemala, It is reported that Local military authorities are complicit in the illegal trade of this species, and poachers frequent nest nesting site of the species (our man 2003, Eisermann in some). It also, has reported its hunting for food from local fishermen in Guatemala (our man 2003, Eisermann in some ., 2007).
• In Belice, It is hunted and persecuted by damage to crops (SNG Howell in some 1998) and it remains a victim of the illegal pet trade, whose capture involves logging nesting (B. Miller in a little ., 2007).
• It is estimated that its extension around the coast of Michoacán It has decreased 1.507 km2 , of which 576 km2 can not be attributed to habitat loss and, therefore, They may be due to the poaching for trade (Monterrubio-Rico et al., 2007).
Conservation Actions Underway
• CITES Appendix I.
• In Mexico It is distributed in nine protected areas (T. Monterrubio-Rico et al., In 2007).
• The only one breeding population known in Guatemala It was declared Wildlife Refuge in 2005, but effective protection is difficult due to organized crime in the area (Eisermann in some ., 2007).
• There are several awareness campaigns nationally in Mexico (Roberson y Carratello, 1997).
• It is bred in captivity, but the reintroduction of captive bred birds is unfeasible (Baja 1995b).
Conservation Actions Proposed
• Carry out surveys for an updated estimate of population size.
• Monitor rates of habitat loss and degradation.
• Monitor hunting levels, catch and trade.
• Apply the trade restrictions.
• To protect effectively as key sites Las Colorados Ranch, Soto La Marina / Fishing, Tamaulipas, orange river, focused on Las Abritas (San Luis Potosi) and Punta de Manabique.
• Survey to identify other important sites.
• Investigate habitat use and local movements.
• Continue zooming awareness campaigns.
• Develop structured captive breeding programs and investigate the possibility of future release.
"Yellow-headed Parrot" in captivity:
The Yellow-headed Parrot are popular in domestic markets.
protected by CITES Appendix I (Species that are endangered. Prohibited international trade of specimens of those species, except when the import is non-commercial purposes).
In Mexico It is listed as endangered in both the NAME-059-SEMARNAT-2001, as in the NAME-059-SEMARNAT-2010, and by the Article 60 Bis of the General Law on Wildlife removal of specimens from the environment is prohibited, marketing, tenure, import, export, use of any of its parts. They are up 9 years in prison and fines very high who are surprised by the Profepa with specimens of this species in their possession and do not have papers proving their legal provenance.
Should be avoided in all cases buy this or any of the protected species by different appendices CITES.
Alternative names:
– Yellow-headed Amazon, Yellow-headed Parrot, Yellow-headed Parrot (Mainland) (English).
– Amazone à tête jaune, Amazone à tête jaune (continentale), Amazone à tête jaune (forme continentale) (French).
– Gelbkopfamazone (German).
– papagaio-de-cabeça-amarela (Portuguese).
– Loro Cabeza Amarilla, Amazona cabecigualda (español).
– Avibase
– Parrots of the World – Forshaw Joseph M
– Parrots A Guide to the Parrots of the World – Tony Juniper & Mike Parr
– Birdlife
– Photos:
(1) – A Yellow-headed Amazon (also known as the Double Yellow-headed Amazon) in an aviary By Ernst Vikne (IMG_4451.JPG) [CC BY-SA 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(2) – Yellow-headed Amazon at Baltimore Aquarium, USA By Christine Schmidt from Laurel, USA (Parrot pair) [CC BY 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(3) – Yellow-headed Amazon, also known as the Yellow-headed Parrot or Double Yellow-headed Amazon, at Lion Country Safari, West Palm Beach, Florida, USA. Photograph is a close up of head By Duncan Rawlinson from Vancouver, BC (Parrot) [CC BY 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(4) – Yellow-headed Amazon (Amazona oratrix) playing on his cage by Mbtskysurfer at English Wikipedia [GFDL or CC BY 3.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(5) – Yellow-headed Amazon (Amazona oratrix) also known as the Yellow-headed Parrot, Double Yellow-headed Amazon. Two parrots on a perch By Gary Denness (originally posted to Flickr as Parrot Portrait) [CC BY-SA 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(6) – Yellow-headed Amazon (also known as the Yellow-headed Parrot and the Double Yellow-headed Amazon) at Vancouver Aquarium, Canada By Lizzy Foulkes (originally posted to Flickr as Hello, Goregous) [CC BY-SA 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(7) – A Yellow-headed Amazon at Palmitos Park, Gran Canaria, Canary islands, Spain By William Warby (Flickr: Parrot) [CC BY 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(8) – A Yellow-headed Amazon in Jungle Island, Miami, Florida, USA By Humberto Moreno (Parrot Jungle, Miami) [CC BY 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(9) – Yellow-headed Amazon (also known as the Yellow-headed Parrot and the Double Yellow-headed Amazon) at Dallas World Aquarium, USA By texas_mustang (Dallas Aquarium 2008 with Meredith) [CC BY 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
Measured between 30 to 31 cm.. and a weight between 180 and 245 gr.
The adults of the species Yellow-streaked Lory(Chalcopsitta scintillata) have plumage dark green, pale green veins in head and the abdomen, and bright yellow bands in the chest and in the the mantle.
Chalcopsitta sintillata rubrifrons
The forecrown, cheeks and the thighs are bright red. The sides of the chest with large red infiltrations.
The under wing
It is crossed by a thick yellow band. The bill is black. Bare skin eye and at the base of bill is dark gray. The irises are orange-red, the legs grey.
There is no sexual dimorphism, but in the female, the front spot It is less pronounced.
The immature They resemble adults, but have less red in the forecrown. The basis of the bill It is less stained yellow. The irises They are brown.
They are particularly visible in the early hours of the day, When the bands fly over canopy, sometimes very large heights.
They have a direct flight with rapid wing beats. In spite of this, they give the impression of moving slowly, almost in a hesitant way. Its neck tense and the tail feathers widely deployed gives them a vision in flight that is very characteristic. Couples often engage in stunts, with many screams.
(Salvadori, 1876) – Adults of this subspecies differ little from those of the nominal species. But, they differ from the latter by the narrower stripes on the plumage. The bottom of your wings They are green or green with red markings.
Chalcopsitta scintillata rubrifrons
(Gray,GR, 1858) – In this subspecies, both adults and juveniles, they are identical to the nominal species, but the veins of body plumage They are more spacious and orange-yellow.
common in the lowlands, in the Savanna They are covering the hills, in plantations cocoteros and in the mangroves.
They are also in the primary forest and secondary adjacent, even in narrow bands of gallery forests bordering rivers in open country.
Occasionally, the Yellow-streaked Lory They sit near or inside Gardens in local villages.
They can fly to 800 m above sea level.
Reproduction:
Typically install their nests in treeholes high. There is not much information about the reproduction in the center of nature.
In captivity, the implementation is of 2 eggs which both parents incubate alternately during 26 days. At hatching, hatchlings weigh 7 u 8 g.. Duration reproductive cycle It is very long and can overcome 80 days. Despite this, There may be a second clutch in the season.
Food:
They feed in the trees.
consume nectar, pollen and fruit. Are said to some insects complete this predominantly vegetarian diet.
Distribution:
Size of its range (breeding/resident): 586.000 km2
These birds are endemic to the Islas Aru and South of Papua New Guinea.
Distribution 3 subspecies
Chalcopsitta scintillata chloroptera
(Salvadori, 1876) – High of the fly river to Southeast Papua New Guinea.
It is not an endangered species. In a study in Southeast New Guinea, its density was estimated at 20 birds per square kilometer.
Its world population approaches the 100.000 birds.
The population suspected to be stable in the absence of evidence of any reduction or substantial threats.
"Yellow-streaked Lory" in captivity:
Pretty common.
They are birds very noisy People who like to let their loud cries are heard. They are playful, they have no fear and they can easily become meek in the hands of your caregiver. They are not only extremely aggressive against other Yellow-streaked Lory, also as with other species.
Alternative names:
– Yellow-streaked Lory, Greater Streaked Lory, Streaked Lory, Yellow streaked Lory, Yellowish-streaked Lory (ingles).
– Lori flamméché, Lori à front jaune, Lori à front rouge, Lori strié (French).
– Schimmerlori (German).
– Lóris-listrado-amarelo (Portuguese).
– Lori Chispeado (español).
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