The Meek's Pygmy-Parrot(Micropsitta meeki) has the feathers of the head dark brown, strongly scalloped in color yellow on them ear-coverts and the sides of the throat, and usually with the eyebrows in a vague color yellow; feathers of the crown with fine greyish yellow tips.
Upperparts dark green, darker on the margins and the Center to the Middle coverts black. Feathers primary Black with green trim; secondaries mainly green. Wing feathers more dark with the tips of color yellow; underside of flight feather blackish. Top of the chest and centre of belly, opaque yellow, with brown spots at the tips of the feathers; flanks color green dark; under the tail, coverts yellow. Tail greenish blue in the Center, feathers laterales blackish with stains yellow on the tips or with pointed blue and yellow.
Bill yellow rose pale; irises yellowish brown; legs Pink.
(Rothschild and Hartert, 1924) – The face is more pale and the grey more beige that the of the nominal species; light diffusion of greenish color instead of the yellow markings of the nominal, and a band front yellow with find in them eyebrows.
Habitat:
Not well known. It occurs in forests, high secondary growth, and even in trees around inhabited areas. The birds are found in small groups. Habits are like those of the Buff-faced Pygmy-Parrot.
Reproduction:
The nest they usually build it on a tree termite mound, Sometimes it can be very close to the ground.
Food:
They feed on lichens and fungi collected from trunks of trees.
They nourish also of seeds, nuts, berries and fallen fruits that they can find, Although they prefer to eat fruits of plants. They also feed on insects and insect larvae.
Distribution:
Size of the area of distribution (reproduction / resident): 2,400 km2
The size of the world population It has not been quantified, It is thought that it may be above the 10,000 specimens. According to sources, the species is common both in Manus as Lou (pit et to the. 1997).
The population is suspected to be stable in the absence of evidence of any reduction or substantial threats.
"Meek's Pygmy-Parrot" in captivity:
Not found in captivity.
While attempts have been made to keep Pygmy parrots in captivity, These have not been successful. This may be due to the fact that birds suffer from stress or a lack of understanding of their dietary needs.
The males of the Eastern Rosella(Platycercus eximius), has bill white. The lower area of the cheeks and chin are white, that contrasts sharply with the rest of the head and the chest that are of color red glossy. Upper abdomen shows a beautiful color yellow that is again gradually of color green pale in its part lower. The coats are of color red. The the mantle feathers, the back and scapulars are of color black with a broad edge yellow, giving these regions a highly scaled appearance. The median are black. The blankets, out of them coverts secondary and flight feather are bluish grey. The rump is bright green. The central feathers of the tail are green bottle, While the outer feathers of the tail are bluish grey with white tips.
The irises They are brown, legs grey.
The female looks like your partner, but the Red of the head and the chest is less bright.
The underparts has a thin white stripe.
The youth they are a copy in Pale tones of the female. They have a little bit of green on the back of the head.
(North 1911) – Of 30 cm.. length. Head and chest color much more dark and white cheek much more large. Female as the nominal species.
Platycercus eximius elecica
(Schodde & Short 1989) – Of 33 cm.. length. It is something more than the nominal species, the red and the chest and the head is slightly more dark, the black feathers of the neck, back and shoulders have a very broad bright yellow bordered. Area of the rump and coverts bluish-green supracaduales. Female with back and neck with hints. Your obispillo is bluish green
The Eastern Rosella they tend to be fairly common in all habitats of open forests, including agricultural land, urban parks and gardens. They are usually in little populated wooded areas, rows of trees along streams, shrub and scrub savannahs «Mallee«.
They are common in cultivated areas and can invade orchards where you can cause severe damage.
In many areas, It is the most widespread species of parrot, You can even nest in the trees lining the streets of towns and cities. Wherever possible, they avoid dense forests and mountainous areas, where is replaced by the Crimson Rosella. The habitat of the Eastern Rosella usually less to 1.250 m above sea level.
Breeding pairs are sedentary in their territories, While young and immature form bands of up to 25 birds that roam the area. very commonly, the multicolored parrot can be seen perched on power lines or poles lining the sides of the roads in the outskirts of cities.
On the floor were fed more frequently than other types of rosella Parrot. In flight, they are quite noisy and therefore very easy to detect. But, When they are on the ground, they are not always easy to observe.
They feed on, sometimes, in the company of Red-rumped Parrot (Psephotus haematonotus) but never be with them organized mixed flocks.
Reproduction:
The Eastern Rosella They nest in the months from August to February, but also from time to time in April and may.
Pairs mate for life and is the female which chooses the nest site, usually in a hole or cavity of a eucalyptus branch. Sometimes the place to start may be an old stump, an any fence post, a fallen log, a rabbit hole, the nest of a Rainbow Bee-eater. Optionally, the Eastern Rosella also used the abandoned nest of the Blue-winged Kookaburra, some termite mound, ferns in facades of houses, rock walls, old buildings and an old nest of pomatostome.
The bottom of the nest is filled with sawdust or small wood shavings..
Spawning includes 4-9 eggs (generally 5) which are incubated during 19 days. The female is solely in charge of incubation and her partner is responsible for supplying. The chicks stay lasts a few 35 days.
Food:
The Eastern Rosella has a mainly vegetarian diet. Consumed mainly eucalyptus and acacia seeds, Although also seeds of a variety of greenery bushes. Berries, leaves and sprouts are also part of its menu.
During the summer, eats some insects and their larvae. Take the seeds that are dispersed in fields and roads. It penetrates into the orchards where causes some damage.
In the southeast of South Australia the species is largely limited to the area between Bordertown and Salt Creek, but a population caused by birds in captivity is also distributed by the Lofty Mountains.
In Tasmania, the species is widespread, Although barely wide and sparsely distributed, and have been faced with the King Island in the bass strait.
• Current category of the Red List of the UICN: Least concern
• Population Trend: Growing
The size of the world's population has not been quantified, Although it is estimated above 500.000 birds.
Throughout its distribution area, except Tasmania, the Eastern Rosella East are very common birds. Unlike in the Crimson Rosella, that like dense forests, the Eastern Rosella they have benefited from deforestation that took place for the establishment of new pastures or areas of cereals.
"Eastern Rosella" in captivity:
Very common in captivity, It is probably the most popular of the Rosellas.
The Eastern Rosella they are coveted because of the beautiful colors of plumage.
They are intelligent birds and can be trained to whistle a large repertoire of melodies., and you can even learn how to pronounce some words.
These parakeets can make good pet birds but require a great deal of care and attention., In addition to devices and toys to keep them mentally stimulated. They are wild birds which are not always adapted to live as a family pet, and even the hand reared parrots are never fully domesticated. They generally do not tolerate caresses or cuddling and tend to react by stinging when you try to handle them like this.. Many breeders believe that the best way to keep this type of bird is in great aviaries where can fly freely, in pairs to meet their social needs and with minimal human interaction. Although they tend to be aggressive with other species Bird by should not be treated so integrate them to mixed aviaries.
Its diet poultry includes seeds, fruits like Apple, PEAR and grape, and vegetables such as lettuce, grass, and silver beet.
A sample of Eastern Rosella lived 27,4 years in captivity. In captivity, these animals have been able to play, approximately, to the 2 years of age..
– Avibase
– Parrots of the World – Forshaw Joseph M
– Parrots A Guide to the Parrots of the World – Tony Juniper & Mike Parr
– Wikipedia
– AnAge: The Animal Ageing and Longevity Database – Anagé entry for Platycercus eximius
– Birdlife
– Photos:
(1) – Eastern Rosella (Platycercus eximius), male, Queen’s Domain, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia By JJ Harrison (jjharrison89@facebook.com) (Own work) [CC BY-SA 3.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(2) – Eastern Rosella (Platycercus eximius), female, Queen’s Domain, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia By JJ Harrison (jjharrison89@facebook.com) (Own work) [CC BY-SA 3.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(3) – Eastern Rosella (Platycercus eximius) at Woodland Park Zoo, Seattle, USA By Platycercus_eximius_-Woodland_Park_Zoo-6. jpg: Nickderivative work: Snowmanradio [CC BY 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(4) – Eastern Rosella at Hobart Domain, Tasmania (grazing) By KeresH (Own work) [GFDL, CC-BY-SA-3.0 or CC BY-SA 2.5], via Wikimedia Commons
(5) – Eastern Rosella (Platycercus eximius diemenensis), The Queen’s Domain, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia By JJ Harrison (jjharrison89@facebook.com) (Own work) [GFDL 1.2 or CC BY-SA 3.0], via Wikimedia Commons
30 cm. length and an approximate weight of 130 g..
The Eastern Ground Parrot(Pezoporus wallicus) has a medium-sized, It gives the impression of a slender silhouette, feeling is enhanced by the presence of a very long tail terminating beak. The identification is reinforced with rounded wings and for a few fine peaks and sharp.
The of adults they have a plumage greenish color with patterns of yellow and black as gallons or points that serve to camouflage itself.
A red band runs around the forecrown. The face and upper part of the chest They show a pretty uniform green colour. The crown Green it is abundantly stained black.
The flanks and abdomen they have yellowish clear black bars. The tail opaque green color shows yellow slots on the outer edges.
Its bill is ochre tones, with the cere rose gray. They present a periocular ring pale grey, the irises eye whitish yellow. Their legs distant have long fingers and their claws they are not curved as in the rest of the parrots.
In the females, You can see a pale yellow stripe at the bottom of the wing
.
The immature they have no red frontal band, the face and the chest they have black marks. Its tail is shorter and irises of her eyes are brown.
(Mathews, 1912) – They have black markings more prominent on the head and thicker, the neck and belly
Habitat:
The Eastern Ground Parrot usually live in lawns along the coast and in the neighbouring moors which rise to the 1.800 meters above sea level. Shrub-dominated moorlands that have suffered from fire in the last decade are generally considered to be their optimum habitat.. As well, moors dominated by reeds and herbs that have suffered some fire between 15 and 18 years ago, they are considered as excellent performance for these parrots. In the interior of the Moors, These birds are concentrated in the driest areas from mid autumn to late spring.
Humid areas they are frequented by the Eastern Ground Parrot, from summer to early autumn, probably in relation to the abundance of seeds at this time of the year. They can also be seen in estuaries, in boggy soils that are full of rods, in the meadows and pastures.
In Tasmania, the Eastern Ground Parrot occupies a rather special habitat consisting of a mixture or a mosaic of Heath, Sedge and weed.
As its common name indicates, These birds are reluctant to take flight. On the rare occasions when they dare to fly, its zigzag in flight seems the of a Small Sandpiper (Actitis hypoleucos) or a Woodcock (Scolopax rusticola) and develops within walking distance (a few 30 m). Once it lands, seek thick cover and can be difficult to relocate.
Contrary to what many people believe, the Eastern Ground Parrot is very active during the day, although, often, are difficult to detect, except when fleeing hastily, hearing the loud vibration of wings just before plunge among the foliage.
Son assets morning and afternoon average. At night, whatever the season, they establish the dormitories in the drylands.
These parakeets are mostly sedentary and live in couples United in a territory which is around of 9 hectares, although the area can sometimes change.
Between February and may, There is a great post-reproductive dispersion in which these birds move away some 120 kilometers from its nesting area.
Reproduction:
The Eastern Ground Parrot usually nest between jJuly and December. A litter was discovered in March. The nest is a fled surface excavated soil from 15 cm and 18 cm in width and between 2 cm and 5 depth cm; It is often full of stems or leaves. It is placed at the base of a mound or a bush above the ground which is accessed through a small tunnel..
The main plants that make up the nest, they are herbs of the genus (empodisma), plants of the genus (Xanthorrhoeoideae) and banksia sheet wide.
Of 20 nests found, 18 located in arid wastelands and 2 only in areas of transition between wetlands and land dry. In all these places there has been a fire for at least four years. The density was low, from January to March a nest each 10 hectares.
The laying includes, usually, 3 or 4 eggs, but in Tasmania (subspecies leachi), were observed 6 eggs in some nests. The incubation lasts around 20 days. Young people are altricial. When leaving the nest, at an age between 20 and 28 days, lie hidden among shrubs, just before fly.
The failure rate in the offspring is quite large, going from the 22 until 31%.
Food:
The Eastern Ground Parrot feeds primarily on seeds of a wide variety of Sedge, herbs, herbaceous plants and shrubs. Occasionally they eat green shoots, leaves, outbreaks, flowers and small fruits.
The Eastern Ground Parrot, usually, feeds on Earth, but sometimes forages among the foliage of low shrubs, or on top of clumps of planting of reeds.
The seeds take them from the soil and plants. The parakeet will remain on the stem of a plant to flatten it and throw the seeds of heads down, or it will be the peak along the stem and base of the seeds, with the intention of evicting them and that fall to the ground.
The peak used to cut the seeds and their bases, as well as to handle food. The legs are used only to flatten plant stems.
In the Bundjalung National Park, the Eastern Ground Parrot It was observed feeding on flowers. Occasionally they feed in habitats that have been modified by man, for example, one in cornfield.
They are diurnal, and actively feed throughout the day.
Distribution:
The Eastern Ground Parrot are confined in Australia. The range has contracted in recent times and the species is now only found in isolated pockets of coastal heath and reed-covered land., It extends to the South, from the South of Queensland, where a population of 3.000 birds is dispersed through of the Fraser Island and close to the continent, including Cooloola National Park, Reserve Wide Bay Military, Fraser State Forest and Great Sandy National Park.
In the post-breeding period, the dispersal of birds reaches areas of Gippsland and Ninety Mile Beach, Although they can also travel further including the interior Highlands.
• Current category of the Red List of the UICN: Least concern
• Population trend: Decreasing
The Eastern Ground Parrot is not threatened globalmente.
Habitat loss mainly due to urban growth and modernization of agriculture, accentuated by the use of improper burning of stubble and restoration techniques of plantations of pine trees along the coast, It can be that they are endangering the species. These signs of decline are seen mostly in the West and the South of Australia.
Although the population of Tasmania probably exceed of the 100.000 specimens, the population in the South-East of the continent It is much more low and does not exceed the 3.000 Member.
"Eastern Ground Parrot" in captivity:
Take it easy, shy, active when feeds, After the sunset, enjoy bath. It is customary to their caregiver, but rarely survive beyond a few weeks.
Parrots A Guide to the Parrots of the World – Tony Juniper & Mike Parr
Birdlife
Photos:
(1) – To western ground parrot (Pezoporus wallicus flaviventris), one of eight in captivity. (WA Department of Environment) – australiangeographic
(2) – A Ground Parrot amongst vegetation By Jarrod Amoore [CC BY 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(3) – Eastern Ground Parrot – Office of Environment and Heritage
(4) – flight views of bird flushed from heath by Mat Gilfedder – lynx
(5) – By Jennene Riggs – abc
(6) – By James Sowerby (1757 – 1822) (English) (Artist, Details of artist on Google Art Project) [Public domain or Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons
The Raiatea Parakeet (Cyanoramphus ulietanus) had the head blackish brown, paler on neck, Rump and wings. The lower part of the back and tail coverts were brownish-red; and under wing-coverts and outerweb the flight feathers were gray-blue. There was a gray border on the feathers primaries and secondaries. The chest, the abdomen and the under tail were yellow olive. The feathers of the middle tail were olive brown. The outer feathers tail were gray.
The irises were probably orange-red in the adult and juvenile brown. The legs were grayish brown. The bill was pale blue-gray or gray-brown to black tip. The males and females They looked similar.
Habitat:
It is believed that it was a kind forest, when the Society Islands They were all wooded.
Reproduction:
It knows nothing about the reproductive habits of this parrot or why died.
Food:
Nothing is known about the eating habits of this parrot.
Distribution:
Of the Raiatea Parakeet only known from two specimens in Raiatea, in the Society Islands of the french polynesia(Forshaw and Cooper 1989), collected on the trip Cook in 1773, and now Vienna and Tring(Knox y Walters 1994).
Conservation:
• Current category of the Red List of the UICN: EXTINCT.
Rationale for the Red List category
This species was known in the Isla de Raiatea, french polynesia, but now it is extinct, probably as a result of habitat or cleaning action of invasive species.
Justification of the population
There remains no existing population.
It is believed that the two bodies of this parrot that remain dissected in two museums, the Natural History Museum London and the Naturhistorisches Museum, They were collected by Georg Forster in 1773 or 1774 during the second voyage of Capitán Cook(Stresemann 1950). But, Medway (2009), based on the travel journal Joseph Banks, He thought they were collected in November 1777 during the third trip Cook. It seems likely that no collection will be made on Raiatea in 1768 during the first trip Cook, since the natives were hostile, which is why Forster probably obtained both specimens in the second. But, There is some confusion as to the locality, but Forster (1844) he refers to a "Psittacus pacificus" seen en Otaheite (tahiti) and Oriadea(Raiatea), from where Greenway (1967) presumed that found and collected Cyanoramphus zealandicus in Tahiti and C. ulietanus in Raiatea. unusually, Forster He did not consider the two species as different.
Alternative names:
– Raiatea Parakeet, Society Parakeet, Society Parrot (English).
– Kakariki de Raiatea, Perruche de Raiatea (French).
– Braunkopf-Laufsittich, Raiateasittich (German).
– Periquito-de-raiatea (Portuguese).
– Perico de Raiatea (español).
The head of the Finsch's Pygmy-Parrot(Micropsitta finschii) is bright green, slightly yellowish, dotted with pale blue in the chin and throat. Upperparts bright green, with fine darker stripes. The flight feather they are black with fine green edges; wing feathers greenish yellow. The underparts pale yellowish green with fine darker stripes and feather in the center of the belly orange-red; uppertail-coverts yellow, the longest with bluish-green tips. Upper, the tail is off blue, Black in the Center and sides with blue and yellow tips; below, the tail is black with yellow tips.
Bill blackish; cere Pink ; irises orange red; legs grey.
Cere rose in the male, grey in the female. The females they lack the red marks in the underparts and they have pink feathers, not blue, on chin.
Immature with bill grayish and reddish brown, not orange-red, the irises.
In the juvenile birds the cere is greyish in both sexes. Males immature of the species nominal lack of the chin Blue and red markings in the abdomen.
(Tristram, 1891) – The adults have a stain blue in the part superior of the crown.
Micropsitta finschii viridifrons
(Rothschild & ECTION Hartert, 1899) – Adults have a large blue spot at the top of the crown and blue tones to the sides of the face.
Micropsitta finschii tristami
(Rothschild & ECTION Hartert, 1902) – Adults do not have blue spots and orange
Micropsitta finschii aolae
(Ogilvie-Grant, 1888) – adults have the upperparts darker and have a blue spot on the top of the crown.
Habitat:
Most common in lowland primary forest at mid-altitude, are observed to the 900 meters above sea level (lower boundary of cloud forests where they are replaced by the Red-breasted Pygmy-Parrot, but they are distributed in a variety of habitats, including weed gardens, casuarinas, secondary growth, areas of open scrubland and occasionally coconut (Cocoa nuts). It's a vociferous and active species, difficult to observe. They are alone, in pairs or in groups of 3 to 6 birds. They feed on acrobatic form, down with your head upside down and using their tails as support on the bark of the trees.
Reproduction:
One to two eggs are deposited by the female in an excavated cavity over a period of several weeks in an active tree termite nest. (that is also used for the rest). Adults were observed with young in January 1995 in the South of New Ireland. The breeding period It speculates that may be between March and Mayo.
Food:
Peck the trunks and branches of the tree tops and medium height plants to glean lichens and fungi, also noticed them is feeding of seeds of casuarina.
The size of the world population It has not been quantified, supposedly above 100.000 specimens. The species according to sources, It is abundant within its range (pit et to the. 1997).
The population is suspected to be stable in the absence of evidence of any reduction or substantial threats.
In captivity:
Not found in captivity.
This species has only been kept alive for short periods in captivity.; new birds may refuse foods completely.
Alternative names:
– Finsch’s Pygmy-Parrot, Emerald Pygmy Parrot, Finsch’s Pygmy Parrot, Green Pygmy Parrot, Green Pygmy-Parrot (ingles).
– Micropsitte de Finsch (francés).
– Salomonenspechtpapagei, Salomonen-Spechtpapagei (alemán).
– Micropsitta finschii (portugués).
– Microloro de Finsch (español).
30 cm.. length and a weight between 100 and 175 g..
The adult male of the Pale-headed Rosella(Platycercus adscitus), It has a pale yellow "head". The part superior of the cheeks is whitish in contrast with the part below that is of color blue light. Upper chest is yellow, the lower part of the chest and the abdomen are blue. The coverts They show a beautiful red hue. The the mantle, the back and scapulars are black with broad yellow edges, these areas giving a scaly appearance.
The tail is of color yellow uniform. The external coverts are dark blue. The central feathers of the tail are dark blue, but the outer feathers are more pale with thin white edges. The bottom has no stripe.
The bill is white. The irises They are brown, legs grey.
The female is different from the male, its color is more off and has a strip at the bottom of the wings.
The immature they have grayish feathers ending in yellow or orange-red at the top of the crown and the neck. The red feathers lose them about three months. The bottom of the wings is scratched. They acquire adult plumage in about 16 months.
(Lear 1832) – 32 cm.. length. It is something most large that the nominal species. The white color of the face is more extensive, coming up to the neck. Crown, nape and ear-coverts are pale yellow. The blue of the chest presents tonalities yellowishwhite and the feathers of the chest they have a thin lined black. The shoulders with wide verdosa-amarilla blue staining. bottom of the flight feather white.
Habitat:
The Pale-headed Rosella they are common in all types of habitats of open forests, either scrub, scattered forests with logging, the rows of trees along rivers or swamps. They are also found in the wooded heaths which surround the coast and which are dominated by trees of the genus Banksia.
Avoid plunging into the thick forests, giving preference to the clear, meadows at the edges or directly border the plots. They also penetrate the surrounding farmland to feed.
They are birds of the lower regions, rarely rising above 700 meters and voluntarily leaving altitudes to the Crimson Rosella in dense forests and semi-montanosas areas.
Reproduction:
In the North, the Pale-headed Rosella They nest in the months of February to June, with some variations depending on the frequency of rains.
In the South, the breeding season are produced starting from September until the month of December.
These birds build their nests in deep a sick or healthy tree cavity, preferably a eucalyptus located near a river.
Other places that tend to choose are: a hole in a stump or a hole in a fence post.
The spawning generally includes between 3 and 5 eggs. The female incubates alone during 19 days, but as soon as the eggs are incubated, It receives assistance from the male that helps feed the young.
The chicks leave the nest after 5 weeks.
Food:
The Pale-headed Rosella they are mostly vegetarian. They consume a lot of plants, We have identified about 50 plant species. Similar to the Eastern Rosella, the Pale-headed Rosella It feeds mainly in the trees. The seeds of eucalyptus, acacias, Melaleuca, Black Cypress of Australia, acanthus and spiny Thistles, they are your favorite foods. The flowers and fruits some species also form part of their diet.
The Pale-headed Rosella they are often real pests for gardens and cornfields.
Distribution:
Size of the area of distribution (reproduction / resident): 1.470.000 km2
Confined to the East of Australia, where is dispersed through of the Cape York Peninsula, coming to the South up to the Gilbert River in the West, and extending to the South along the coast East of Queensland to the North of New South Wales.
Are also distributed by the Fraser Island and around Brisbane, as well as in other coastal districts.
In New South Wales, the population is limited to the Northeast, extending toward the interior of Bourke and to the South up to around Coffs Harbour, on the coast.
Escapes have been recorded in Sydney and Melbourne, and there was an introduction without success in Hawaii at the beginning of this century.
• Current category of the Red List of the UICN: Least concern
• Population Trend: Growing
The size of the world population It has not been quantified, It is estimated at around 100,000 specimens.
The species according to reports, It is abundant in much of their range (pit et to the. 1997).
They have benefited from the clearing of the forests and the development of fruit tree crops and agricultural fields.. But, an important limitation is that of its acquisition as a popular pet bird, marketed as Blue cheek parakeet. Each year, hundreds of birds are illegally captured in the wild.
"Pale-headed Rosella" in captivity:
common in Europe, not so much in the United States.
Active and moderately loud. Aggressive with other birds. A little susceptible to stress and disease.
Alternative names:
– Pale-headed Rosella, Blue Rosella, Blue-cheeked Parakeet, Blue-cheeked Rosella, Mealy Parakeet, Mealy Rosella, Moreton Bay Parakeet, Moreton Bay Rosella, Pale headed Rosella, White-cheeked Rosella, White-headed Rosella (ingles).
– Perruche à tête pâle, Perruche palliceps (French).
– Blasskopfrosella (German).
– Rosela-pálida (Portuguese).
– Perico Pálido, Rosela de Cabeza Pálida (español).
– Avibase
– Parrots of the World – Forshaw Joseph M
– Parrots A Guide to the Parrots of the World – Tony Juniper & Mike Parr
– Loromania
– Birdlife
– Photos:
(1) – A Pale-headed Rosella in Brisbane, Queensland, Australia By Paul Gear (Picasa Web Albums) [CC BY-SA 3.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(2) – Pale-headed Rosella (Platycercus adscitus) Kobble Creek, SE Queensland, Australia By Pale-headed_Rosella_kob02. JPG: Avicedaderivative work: Snowmanradio [CC BY-SA 3.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(3) – A Pale-headed Rosella in Herberton, Far North Queensland, Australia By Peter Shanks (originally posted to Flickr as pale headed rosella) [CC BY 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(4) – A Pale-headed Rosella in Brisbane, Queensland, Australia By Paul Gear (Picasa Web Albums) [CC BY-SA 3.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(5) – Pale-headed Rosella, Platycercus adscitus By Glen Fergus (Own work, Brisbane, Australia) [CC BY-SA 2.5], via Wikimedia Commons
(6) – A painting of a Pale-headed Rosella(originally captioned «Platycercus palliceps. Paleheaded Parakeet. In the pofsefsion of Mr. Leadbeater.») by Edward Lear 1812-1888 Edward Lear [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons
The Night Parrot(Pezoporus occidentalis) It is one of the most elusive and mysterious world of birds.
They have a bill plane, similar to the of the Kakapo (Strigops habroptila), without the apparent hook of the upper jaw. They have feathers around the cere. The tail is short. The legs are relatively elongated, indicating its good predispositions to walk.
The male and female they are similar.
In adults, the upperparts they are generally yellowish-green with dark brown cryptic spots, black and yellow. The front of the neck is greenish yellow. The chest and flanks they have discreet black and yellow stripes. Belly and coats are bright yellow. The flight feather are pale yellow, forming a thin stripe on the lower part of the wing. The central tail feathers are green with a strong yellowish brown shade. The bill is grey-brown, black eyes. Legs long claws dark grey.
In the wild, the Night Parrot It can be confused with the kakapo Parrot, If not we are looking too details which differentiates them.
Habitat:
The Night Parrot It attends a wide variety of habitats in arid or semi-arid land. They are mainly in places where the herbs grow in clumps on rocky peaks, also in the steppes composed of thickets of quenopodios. They also feel a great attraction for the Rock Samphire (A maritime rhythm), plants that are highly resistant to drought and salt.
They are known to flee to the interior areas of Muehlenbeckia, which have a dense foliage. The most recent reports do not come from the areas of Spinifex. It seems that new techniques of fire used to create firewall, They allow you to create favourable conditions for this parakeet.
The night Parrot almost never fly, except when looking for sources of water. To observe them, What has become extremely rare, We must look to the ground, in areas which consists almost exclusively of grasses of the genus Spinifex.
after dark, They fly a short distance until they find a fresh water pond. Once he has satisfied his thirst, they return to the infeed zone.
There is no certainty about the movements of this parakeet. It can be nomadic, Perhaps sedentary. No doubt depend on the climate and territory who attends them. Formerly, when the number of Night Parrot were still substantial, stocks were fluctuating seasonally.
At the end of the 19th century, in Southern Australia, groups of fifteen individuals were local irruptions, a signal that were sensitive to the favorable climatic conditions or were found in the alternative storage sites whose resources were relatively abundant.
All these considerations must be taken with great moderation for the following reason: the well-established notion that birds move through the Plains Spinifex in the direction of places full of thickets of quenopodios according to seasons and seed resources, not always been confirmed in recent reports.
Reproduction:
We know very little about the reproductive habits of this bird. The season of nesting is in July or August. The nest It is a kind of platform built with pieces of wood, on the ground or at low altitude. It is placed in a cavity that has been enlarged and which is accessed by a tunnel whose entrance is in a tuft of grass.. Its diameter is of some 8 centimeters. According to the previous data, the spawning usually contains 4 or 5 eggs. The time of incubation It is unknown.
Food:
The Night Parrot mainly consumed seeds of Spinifex (Triodia). Recent and circumstantial reports, indicate also the absorption of deciduous plants family leaves Poaceae as Enneapogon purpurascens.
Distribution:
Size of the area of distribution (reproduction / resident): 26.300 km2
There is a report of 1913 that places them around Murrayville and Cowangie, Victoria, and another around of Ross Springs between 1954 and 1959. There is also a register of 1.897 that placed them in District of Oxleand, New South Wales.
The species has never been common, but it was more frequently toward the end of the last century (for example, 16 sightings in the region of the Lake Eyre, Southern Australia, in the decade of 1870). Due to marauding habits, many sightings remain unconfirmed, and this makes it difficult to assess its true condition. Even so, It seems certain that the population is declining. The cause of this is unknown, but it may be related to the introduction of predators such as cats, Rats, dogs or foxes. Changes in fire regimes, as well as the introduction of camels, they have also influenced its decline.
The Night Parrot seen only as museum specimens for 25 are not extinct. To cat-killed Night Parrot was recovered recently in western Queensland, Australia. (South Australian Museum)
There have been reports in every decade since its discovery, and all states in recent years, except Victoria (the last record was in 1950). The most notable recent sighting was of four birds in the eastern side of the cooper river, to 8 km to the East of the Lake Perigundi, Northeast of Southern Australia, in June of 1979. The birds were arrebolados in tangled shrubs, Sclerolaena intricata and flew away before perederse in the dense forests of Muehlenbeckia florulenta. In 1990 a long dead individual, It was the first specimen in a Museum from the Decade of 1880, was collected in the southwest of Queensland,to 36 km to the North of Boulia. A more recent record of these birds (between March of 1992 and June of 1993) He was picked up in the South of Cloncurry, about 150 km to the North of the area where the dead bird was found, which confirms the local persistence of this species.
The global population is unknown, but it can be very small and is likely to be declining. There are none in captivity.
The Night Parrot has been the subject of a legal protection in Australia since 1937.
Conservation:
• Current category of the Red List of the UICN: Danger
• Population trend: Decreasing
After no record is confirmed from 1990, despite several exhaustive searches and publicity campaigns, This species was rediscovered in 2005 in the region of Pilbara in Western Australia, and a dead juvenile was found in the Diamantina National Park, Queensland in 2006.
It is likely that they have decreased as a result of a series of threats, and the remaining population can be very small and possibly subject to extreme fluctuations.
Based on the records of 2005 and 2006, and because of the shortage of sightings, a Committee of experts concluded that the species was in danger of extinction.
The population of the Night Parrot is supposed to be very small, and is estimated at less of 50 mature individuals based on the scarcity of records. In 2010 a Committee of experts re-evaluó given records of Western Australia in 2005 and Queensland in 2006, and estimated that there could be 50 to 250 birds in total (Garnett et to the. 2011). Therefore, the number of mature individuals is placed in the band of 50-249, but it can become something bigger.
The population It is suspected that it may be in decline due to a combination of threats, including predation by invasive exotic predators.
If a population can be located, the following measures could be introduced:
• a research and monitoring program
• control of wild animals in and around the place where the population of the Night Parrot
• patch burning to limit the possibility, or to prevent the occurrence of fire in the place of the population until better understanding of the situation and the ecological needs of the population
• minimize disturbance to the population site, which could include leaking information to the public, and the establishment of agreements with landowners and land managers.
• establish a captive breeding program (Blyth 1996; Garnett and Crowley 2000).
Parrots A Guide to the Parrots of the World – Tony Juniper & Mike Parr
Birdlife
Night parakeet photos:
(1) – 1971 painting of a night parrot by William Cooper – Enlace
(2) – The Night Parrot seen only as museum specimens for 25 are not extinct. To cat-killed Night Parrot was recovered recently in western Queensland, Australia. (South Australian Museum) – Top Birding Tours
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The upperparts of the New Caledonian Parakeet(Cyanoramphus saisseti) they are mostly green, with some bluish green in the tail, violet-blue along the outerweb flight feathers, and red patches on each side of the rump. The underparts are yellowish green, yellower near throat, and gray below tail(Forshaw 1989, Juniper & Parr 1998, Doughty et al. 1999).
A red patch extends from the crown up to the forecrown, and it extends in a narrow band from the forecrown up to the ears(Juniper & Parr 1998).
The bill is leaden gray, with black tips, the irises is red-orange and legs are dark gray. (Layard & Layard 1882b, Juniper & Parr 1998).
The males typically exceed the females in size, although its plumage is similar (Verreaux & walls 1860, Layard & Layard 1882b, Salvadori 1891, Forshaw 1989)
taxonomy:
In the past it was considered to New Caledonian Parakeet conspecific of Red-crowned parakeet(Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae) of New Zealand, but genetic studies have shown that it is a separate species and occupying a basal position on gender Cyanoramphus, which indicates that the genus would have its origin in New Caledonia.
Sound of the New Caledonian Parakeet.
Habitat:
The New Caledonian Parakeet They were primarily fed at low altitudes canopy, and regularly they observed on the edge of the forest, on slopes or in the forest maquis (scrub).
Seem to have small populations and their distributions are expected to shrink as a result of climate change.
They are not particularly shy, although they tend to be rather calm and difficult to observe.
Reproduction:
It has been reported that the nesting It occurs between November and January, and nidadas They consist of two to five eggs, that they are placed in holes in trees (Hannecart & Létocart 1980, Theuerkauf et al. 2009b).
Genetic evidence suggests that the species is polyandrous, and the presence of male food assistants suggests that probably involves mating system poliandria cooperative (Theuerkauf et al., 1999).
Food:
It is usually fed in average heights, low canopy, but it has also been observed that feeds on the floor.
Essentially it is granivore. It feeds mainly on seeds and fruits, besides berries, nuts and other plant parts (outbreaks, flowers and leaves).
Distribution:
The New Caledonian Parakeet It is endemic to the main island of New Caledonia, although there are still uncertainties about the extent of its range and population size (Taylor 1985, Juniper & Parr 1998). The species was considered rare at the time of its introduction (Verreaux & walls 1860). But, in the decade of 1880, Flocks of birds were reported in the West, flying into the valleys Moindou from nearby mountain forests, where it is rumored to have slept in large quantities (Layard & Layard 1882b).
It has the lowest population density of parrots New Caledonia.
Conservation:
• Current category of the Red List of the UICN: Vulnerable.
• Population trend: Decreasing.
• Population size : 2500-10,000 individuals.
The New Caledonian Parakeet They face a variety of threats, and their populations seem to be in decline. But, it is difficult to determine the cause or extent of their declines due to the paucity of ecological data.
classified as Vulnerable because it has a single small population suspected to be declining due to predation by invasive species; his fortress is in an area threatened by nickel mining and may be in rapid decline in the near future.
The humid mountain forest is not threatened, but it is possible that this species in need of other habitats, some of which, particularly semi-deciduous forests lowland, They have almost disappeared from the island. It is possible that introduced diseases (such as avian malaria) or the mammals (especially rats) It has been a cause of decline.
There is no evidence that nest poaching is widespread.
"New Caledonian Parakeet" in captivity:
unregistered.
Alternative names:
– New Caledonian Parakeet, New Caledonian Parrot, New Caledonian Red-crowned Parakeet, Red-crowned Parakeet (inglés).
– Perruche à front rouge, Perruche calédonienne, Perruche de Nouvelle-Calédonie (francés).
– Cyanoramphus saisseti (alemán).
– Periquito-da-nova-caledônia (portugués).
– Perico de Nueva Caledonia (español).
• Avibase
• Parrots of the World – Forshaw Joseph M
• Parrots A Guide to the Parrots of the World – Tony Juniper & Mike Parr
• Birdlife
Photos:
(1) – Cyanoramphus saisseti, blue river park, New Caledonia by Mickaël T. [CC BY 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(2) – Cyanoramphus saisseti Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1882 (Web) by Joseph Smit [Public domain]
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