The Bald Parrot(Pyrilia aurantiocephala) has the mandible and the upper maxilla, black with a large orange dot in the base; head naked orange chrome; lores, forecrown, pileum, nape, face and chin no true feathers; coverts only black bristles and some white bristles in lores; true feathers beginning in dorsal area neck, spectrum yellow in proximal half and yellow-green in distal half with black apex, passing rapidly to parrot green as basic color the mantle, back, uropigium, and of the uppertail-coverts; feathers in bend of wing and scapulars, yellowish orange with base scarlet; lesser wing coverts green, except scarlet carpal edge; median and greater wing coverts, with large suffusion of ultramarine blue.
The upper surface of the of remiges black with outerweb shaded with indigo blue; undersurface of remiges black color with a a shamrock greenish on the innerwebs; the outerweb and the apex of the upper surfaces of the rectrices, indigo blue, shaded to varying degrees with green; the base innerwebs of the rectrices, yellow; feathers of the chest with greenish yellow base and apex, forming a large banda pectoral; lower breast, abdomen and crissum, emerald green sprinkled with cyan; underwing-coverts scarlet; the thighs yellow; feet feet orange yellow with suffusion of ochre; irises orange.
The immature with the bare lores to the area around the eyes, orange, the rest of the head feathered dull green; upper breast greenish yellow. Bill yellow in very young birds.
Note:
This parrot was initially believed to be an immature of the species Vulturine Parrot(Pyrilia vulturina) due to the orange color head calva. But, when it was discovered that individuals were sexually mature, He described as a new species. In fact, the youth of both species have feathers head greenish, unlike adults.
Formerly, It was included in the genus Pionopsitta.
Sound of the Bald Parrot.
Habitat:
Seen in gallery forest and in forest ‘campinarana‘ (on white sand soils). This region is threatened by logging (Gaban-Lima et al., 2002).
viewed individually, in pairs or small flocks of up to 10 birds. It is most active during the early morning that other parrots, and before going to sleep. It stays in the upper canopy where it is well camouflaged.
Reproduction:
The breeding season possibly either during September; little is known about their breeding habits.
Food:
Feeds of seeds, fruits and possibly larvae of gall wasps (Cynipidae).
Distribution:
Size of its range (breeding/resident): 407.000 km2
The Bald Parrot They are known only in some locations covering the lower basin of Madeira river and the upper basin of Tapajos River in the Brazil Amazon, more specifically in the Sรฃo Benedito river (Field observations) and Cururu-acu River, both tributaries on the right bank of the river Teles Pires, himself a tributary of Tapajรณs.
There are several recent records of this new species from the micro-region of Madeira in the vicinity of Borba.
Since the species is currently known only from Two types of habitat and a relatively small area, it is unlikely that the population is much higher 10.000 individuals, so it is considered that it is near-threatened. It is likely to occur more records now that has been formally recognized as a species, and this may clarify its exact state.
Conservation:
โข Current category of the Red List of the UICN: Near-threatened.
โข Population trend: Decreasing.
Population size: 6.700 specimens.
Rationale for the Red List category
This species has recently described a moderately small population is declining due to loss of habitat. So, it is classified as near threatened.
Justification of the population
The population is preliminarily estimated with a number of at least 10.000 individuals, approximately equivalent to 6.700 mature individuals. This requires confirmation.
Justification of trend
It is suspected that this species has lost 8,8-13,1% of habitat within its distribution over three generations (21 years) starting from a model of deforestation Amazon (Soares-Filho et to the., 2006, Bird et to the., 2011). So, you suspect your decrease in population <25% durante tres generaciones.
– Avibase
– Parrots of the World โ Forshaw Joseph M
– Parrots A Guide to the Parrots of the World – Tony Juniper & Mike Parr
– Birdlife
– Department of Zoology, Bioscience Institute, University of Sao Paulo, Rua do Matao, dish 14, not. 101, POCKET 05508-900, Saหo Paulo, SP, Brazil – Notes
– Photos:
(1) – Bald Parrot (Pyrilia aurantiocephala) – Watercolor, Romain Risso. By Gossipguy (Own work) [CC BY-SA 3.0], via Wikimedia Commons
โท The world of Pets: Dogs, cats, birds, reptiles, amphibians
The Brown-breasted Parakeet(Pyrrhura calliptera) is easily recognized by the Wing mirror yellow in flight. In general it is green, with a red spot on the ear; chest brown reddish and sides of the neck characteristic dark brown.
Shoulder mostly yellow up to half of the wing
and the end of the same pardo-olivaceo.
The primary feathers are blue and their covert wing external and internal yellow, usually with orange blend.
The tail reddish brown. Its bill pale yellowish; irises yellow; eye ring white.
It inhabits in Misty jungles Andean and sub-andinas with canopy 15 to 25 m, secondary forests and Paramo, from 1700 to 3400 m. They fly at dawn and at dusk flocks, usually small of 6 to 12 individuals on the canopy of the forest.
Reproduction:
It nests in, generally, in cavities of trees located in wooded pastures or pasture surrounded by secondary forest fragments, bedrooms for both nests. breeding conditions they have been observed in August and October, as well as between November and January in Fusagasugรก, Farallon de Medina and Soatรก (Cortes-Herrera et to the., 2007) and from September to February in the Chingaza National Park (Arenas-Mosquera 2011).
The size average of the laying is of 5-6 eggs of color whitish. The chicks take of 60 to 70 days to complete its development.
Food:
Diet Brown-breasted Parakeet consists in fruit (including plants of the Ericaceae, Lauraceae, Melastomataceae and Clusiaceae (Cortes-Herrera et to the., 2007), seeds and cultivated corn, Although flocks larger were observed in areas open to eating leaves and seeds (O. Courteous in litt., 2012).
Distribution:
Size distribution (reproduction / resident): 1,000 km2
The population total has been estimated at 5.000-10.000 individuals.
Conservation:
State of conservation โ
Vulnerable โ(UICN)โ
โข Current category of the Red List of the UICN: Vulnerable.
โข Population trend: Decreasing.
This species has a range very small and a small population, known in less than ten places in what is rapidly declining due to the loss of habitat and persecution as as plague by including cultivated corn in their diet.
These declines in population range are expected to continue.. So, qualified as vulnerable.
It is estimated that its population amounts to between 5.000 and 10.000 individuals, equivalent approximately to 3.300-6.700 mature individuals.
– Avibase
– Parrots of the World โ Forshaw Joseph M
– Parrots A Guide to the Parrots of the World – Tony Juniper & Mike Parr
– Birdlife
– Wiki Aves de Colombia
– Photos:
(1) – Flame-winged Parakeet (Pyrrhura calliptera) By Ron Knight from Seaford, East Sussex, United Kingdom (Flame-winged Parakeet (Pyrrhura calliptera)) [CC BY 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(2) – Pyrrhura calliptera By J. Davernes (biodiversitylibrary.org) [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons
30 cm.. height and an approximate weight of 120 gr.
The Black-winged Lory(Eos cyanogenia) has a plumage predominantly red.
Adults have a blue patch surrounding the eyes, cover the tops of the ear and reaches the back of the neck.
Feathers covering the shoulder blade (scapular), small feathers that cover the outside (coverts) and bend of wing are black. The primary and high school they have a black bordered.
The the thighs and flanks they are sprinkled with black. The bottom of the wings shows a wide band Red. The feathers of the tail are black contrasted with red feathers.
The bill is red-orange. The irises they are red, legs grey.
The youth they are more muted than adults. They have blue-black ends in feathers of the head, neck and underparts. The the wing covers are black, with a green light opaque. The bill is of color brown orange, irises brown.
The Black-winged Lory It can be confused with almost all parrots of the genus Eos, but it is the only one of this category that has the covered wing in black color.
The Black-winged Lory they are quite common and widespread in coastal areas, coconut plantations, the forested areas in the process of regeneration, in some large trees scattered in bushes Moors and local gardens.
In some small islands such as Supiori, they are also present in large numbers in inland forests.
Residing in altitudes ranging from sea level to the 460 m.
They live in pairs or in small family groups. They are also often found in flocks of forty individuals or more.
Son noisy birds and easily observable. At the local level are very popular. In the reflection of both, the natives capture them frequently as pet birds.
The Black-winged Lory they have a fly quick and direct. Often you can hear the hum of their wings when they fly over the villages. They are even more recognizable when they often fly low, well below the tops of the trees.
Reproduction:
Little is known of their reproductive ecology., but it was observed the presence of a possible nesting site in a hole in a tall tree in the forest by a couple during the observations in 1982.
The incubation in harsh captivity around 26 days, and as in all loris, the nesting cycle is particularly long and hard between 75 and 89 days.
Food:
They have a regime that differs little from other parrots of the genus Eos. Feed in the trees in flower of nectar of Brugierto and pollen. Your menu will probably be complemented by fruit, berries of the mistletoe and sometimes insects.
Distribution:
Being endemic to the islands of the Cenderawasih Bay in the part Indonesia of New Guinea.
They live on most islands (Numfor, Biak, Manim, Pulau Num) but are absent from Yapen, the main island, where are replaced by the Dusky lory (Pseudeos fuscata).
Conservation:
– Current IUCN Red List category: Vulnerable
– The population trend: Decreasing
The population is estimated at 2,500 to 9,999 mature individuals.
Logging and subsistence agriculture have driven the loss of forests within their range and the hunting pressure remains a threat. Consequently, the species is suspected to be declining at a moderate pace.
Relatively large numbers of birds have been trapped for the national and international trade.
Since December of 1989, the import of the Black-winged Lory It is strictly prohibited in the European Community.
Conservation Actions Proposed:
– Conduct surveys on all the Geelvink Islands to clarify its distribution and current population status.
– Investigation of their ecology and movements to facilitate conservation planning.
– Investigate the species trade and design and implement appropriate controls.
– Estimating the rate of loss of forests within its range.
– Check the register in Supiori and establish a captive breeding program to support future reintroduction and supplementation efforts.
"Black-winged Lory" in captivity:
This species is observed commonly as a pet in Biak (island located in the bahรญa Paradise, off the north coast of Papua).
Due to its status in danger of extinction, any specimen that can not be returned to their natural habitat (natural range) should preferably be placed in a well-managed breeding program to ensure the survival of the species.
Alternative names:
– Black winged Lory, Biak Red Lory, Black-winged Lory (ingles).
– Lori ร joues bleues (French).
– Schwarzschulterlori (German).
– Lรณris-asa-negra (Portuguese).
– Lori Alinegro, Lori de Alas Negras (espaรฑol).
scientific classification:
– Order: Psittaciformes
– Family: Psittaculidae
– Scientific name: Eos cyanogenia
– Citation: Bonaparte, 1850
– Protonimo: Eos cyanogenia
27 cm. long, not to mention their racquets, measuring of 5 to 6 cm..
The Blue-winged Racquet-tail(Prioniturus verticalis) It has a bright green head, brighter around the lores and the base of the beak; front of the bright blue Crown with central red dot.
Light yellowish green mantle; back and rump Green. green wings, with a wash of dark blue in both bands of all primaries. green wing feathers. The underparts light yellowish-green, more green on the belly and coverts infracaudales. At the top of the queue, Foreign feathers green with black tips; dark the infracaudales, with blue bathed at the edges of the vane inner; tail blades, blackish
Whitish gray peak; dark brown irises: grey legs.
The female It has a light blue Crown, with the absence of the male Red stain: the areas of green yellow more turned off.
It lives in the lowlands of humid forests., next to forests, the mangroves, dense remnants of forest fragments and agricultural areas. The birds are seen most frequently in pairs, in quick flights over the top of the dense vegetation. They feed on fruit trees, staying calm and hard to spot.
Reproduction:
A nest was discovered in September 1991 with a female: the nest was in a large Palm tree with a broken lid in a Grove near the forest.
Little else is known about the reproductive ecology of this species..
Food:
It is known that it feeds on fruit trees, little more is known about their eating habits.
Distribution:
Is distributed in the Islands to the South-West of the Sulu archipelago, including Tawi-tawi, Bongao (considered probably extinct), Manuk Manka, Sanga Sanga (probably extinct), Tumindao, (There are no recent records) and Sibutu. Although reports indicated that the species was common in the mangroves of Tawi-tawi during the last century, Today it seems to have suffered a serious decline. Today the world population is estimated to be less than 5.000 and the species is being affected by the capture and the rapid elimination of the last forests on the islands.
The birds are also, apparently, used for shooting practice by the Islanders. In 1991 small numbers were observed near virgin forests. During 1994, in Tawi-tawi, There was a rapid elimination of its remnant forest and only six birds were observed.
Conservation:
โข Current category of the Red List of the UICN: Critical Hazard
โข Population trend: Decreasing
This parrot has been upgraded to the category a Critically Endangered due to observations that suggest that it now has a very small population, with the suspicion of a fast and rapid deterioration due to the continuous logging of forests, as well as his persecution. Conservation actions are hampered by security concerns. Urgent action is required to assess the gravity of the situation of the species, lessen the impact of threats, start your recovery.
The population was previously estimated at less of 1.000 mature individuals (BirdLife International 2001), but the most recent observations indicate that it could currently be less than 250 mature individuals, Therefore the population is now in the band of 50 to 249 mature individuals, probably equivalent to a total population of 75 to 375 individuals.
Military activity and the insurgency are still presenting a serious obstacle to the general conservation activity in the Sulus. There is no formal protected areas in the archipelago. In 1997, began an awareness campaign focused on the conservation of terrestrial biodiversity in Tawi-Tawi. There is a proposal to finance the conservation of Tawi Tawi, Coastal zone Sulu, Although neither the result nor the potential benefits for the species are known. A municipal resolution has been developing, hoping to put an end to the hunting of endemic species (I. Sarenas in litt., 2010).
"Blue-winged Racquet-tail" in captivity:
Unknown in captivity.
Alternative names:
– Blue-winged Racquet-tail, Blue winged Racquet tail, Blue-winged Racket-tail, Blue-winged Racket-tailed Parrot, Blue-winged Racquet Tail, Blue-winged Racquet-tailed Parrot, Sulu Racket-tail, Sulu Racket-tailed Parrot, Sulu Racquet-tail, Sulu Racquet-tail Parrot, Sulu Racquet-tailed Parrot (ingles).
– Palette des Sulu, Palette ร ailes bleues, Perroquet ร raquette des Sulu (French).
– Sulu-Spatelschwanzpapagei, Sulu Spatelschwanz-Papapgei, Sulupapagei (German).
– Prioniturus verticalis (Portuguese).
– Lorito momoto de las Sulu, Lorito Momoto Sulu, Lorito-momoto de las Sulu (espaรฑol).
Origin: Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, India, Laos, Myanmar (Burma), Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Viet Nam, Thailand
Character: active.
Life expectancy: 30 years.
Height: Of 50 to 62 cm..
Content
Description:
From between 50-62cm. in length and weighing between 198โ258 grams.
The Alexandrine Parakeet(Psittacula eupatria) has the forecrown, lores and crown bright green, merging to lavender-blue on cheeks, ear-coverts and back of the crown; faint dark line from back of cere to eye ring; narrow black band from the base of bill, laterally across the base of the cheeks, that binds with a wide collar pink around the back of the neck.
Nape, the mantle, scapulars, rump and uppertail-coverts greenish-grey. Upperwing-coverts smaller brown; rest of upperwing-coverts green (brighter and emerald body feathers). The primaries and secondaries greyish green with dark tips to the vane previous interns, Blackish below.
Underwing-coverts gray-green. The underparts brighter yellowish green, chest with grayish tint. Upper, the tail light green with yellow tip; undertail, golden yellow.
Bill red with paler tip: cere whitish; irises pale yellow; legs rose gray.
The female no black and pink markings neck and it is generally duller.
The immature It resembles the female (The males are sometimes distinguished by larger size).
(Kloss, 1917) – Similar to the subspecies Psittacula eupatria magnirostris but with the neck more yellow, the bill smaller and close blue neckband, reduced or absent. Yellower below the subspecies Psittacula eupatria nipalensis.
(Ball, 1872) – It differs from the subspecies Psittacula eupatria nipalensis by blue coloration above band pink, which it is more limited and sometimes non-existent and the pink band nape that is wider; swe other subspecies differs by having the bill Larger.
Psittacula eupatria nipalensis
(Hodgson, 1836) – Larger and grayer than the species nominal, less lavender in head and wider black stripe mustache.
Psittacula eupatria siamensis
(Kloss, 1917) – Cara and neck yellow, nape bluish. Slightly smaller than the subspecies Psittacula eupatria Avensis.
Habitat:
Video – "Alexandrine Parakeet" (Psittacula eupatria)
The Alexandrine Parakeet It is distributed in a great variety of humid and dry forests and wooded lands., but also they are seen in cultivated areas, mangroves (for example, of Rhizophora mueronata on the islands of the bay of bengal) and coconut plantations, mainly in the lowlands up 900 meters above sea level; on Punjab province (Pakistan) extend areas of subtropical pines (Pinus roxburghii) and penetrates irrigated plantations in desert areas; ascend to the foothills of Himalaya in areas of trees (will Shorea) and riparian forests, rarely above the 1.600 m.
In the Bandhavgarh National Park, the Alexandrine Parakeet prefers forests more dense than the Plum-headed Parakeet (Psittacula cyanocephala) and Rose-ringed Parakeet (Psittacula krameri).
Usually they found in small groups, but sometimes they form large flocks where food is plentiful and communal roosts, where birds can come together in one big tree.
Reproduction:
The nest of the Alexandrine Parakeet They found in tree cavities (for example, of Dalbergia, Shorea or Salmalia), palms or, very rarely, buildings, but generally far from human settlements.
The nest It comprises a chamber filled with wood shavings produced by barbets or woodpeckers during excavation or extension of the cavity; entry generally clean round.
The breeding season usually from November to December and from March to April, depending on the location (for example, February to March in the Punjab and andaman islands and from December to February in the center Burma).
The average size clutch is of 2-4 eggs measuring 34,0 x 26,9 mm. The incubation period average is 28 days usually after the placement of the second egg. The chicks leave the nest at about seven weeks of age. They are bred for about three weeks and usually are weaned between the 12 to 16 weeks of age.
Food:
Diet Alexandrine Parakeet It includes a variety of cultivated and wild seeds, flowers, nectar, grains, fruits and vegetables.
Considered serious pest in some places: the 70% their diet Pakistan comes from cultivated areas.
It feeds mainly early in the morning and afternoon.
The situation in Afghanistan of the Alexandrine Parakeet is uncertain, possibly some group in the extreme northeast, about Jalalabad.
In Pakistan, isolated colonies Are and Peshawar, most widespread and frequent in the irrigated lowlands of Punjab; They are distributed from Punjab (India), foothills Himalaya and South of Nepal, throughout the India and Sri Lanka, as well as the east through Bangladesh.
In Bhutan and Assam in Burma Central and Southern (not found in northern), extending from northern Thailand, Central and North Cambodia and Laos and north to central and southern Viet Nam.
Seasonal movements in some areas and in other locally nomadic.
generally common, but much rarer in the east and sporadically distributed by South India.
Decreasing in Sri Lanka, where it is now rare, especially in the north.
Sharp declines in Thailand and probably in other parts of Indochina.
Its appearance around some urban areas could be due to leaks.
Introduced in parts of Europe (Germany, Belgium, Netherlands, Middle East (Turkey, Bahrein, United Arab Emirates, Iran) and Japan.
Subspecies distribution
Subspecies
Psittacula eupatria Avensis
(Kloss, 1917) – South of Assam (Northeast of India) and Myanmar, but the area of รขโฌโนรขโฌโนcontact with the subspecies Psittacula eupatria nipalensis and Psittacula eupatria siamensis, It is unknown.
(Hodgson, 1836) – Pakistan through Punjab (India) until Assam, Bangladesh, Nagaland and Manipur, including skirts Himalaya and Nepal, to the South , approximately I8ยฐ north; the contact area with the subspecies Psittacula eupatria Avensis, unknown.
Psittacula eupatria siamensis
(Kloss, 1917) – West and north of Thailand, Laos, Cambodia and Viet Nam.
This species has been upgraded from Least concern based on new information on population trends. Is listed as Near-threatened, Since, although it remains common in some areas and its status is clouded by feral populations, It is suspected to be subjected to population decline moderately fast due to the continuing loss of habitat, to unsustainable levels of exploitation, the pursuit and capture.
The Alexandrine Parakeet It is widely captured and sold as bird cage.
In Cambodia, nests theft and capture adults, They represent the main threats, It is one of the most sought after birds (F. Goes in some. 2013).
Despite the virtual disappearance of the species Thailand, chicks still appear in the illegal trade in bird markets Bangkok, although, possibly, its origin is Cambodia (P. Ronda in a little. 2013).
The illegal trade, as well as the destruction of nesting places, threat to species Pakistan (S. Khan in a little. 2013). in addition, It reported that the species is threatened by extensive poaching at the hands of local tribes Gujarat (V. Vyas in some. 2013).
Habitat loss and degradation are also grave threats. In Cambodia, use changes in the lowlands it has been rapid (R. Timmins in some. 2013) and rates of degradation and loss of lowland forests is expected to impact more on the species (F. Goes in some. 2013). Conversion rates of habitat Laos They are described as severe (JW Duckworth in litt. 2013).
Conservation Actions Proposed:
– Conduct periodic surveys to monitor the population trend of the species.
– Conduct surveys and assess the situation in Pakistan (S. Khan in a little. 2013).
– Monitor rates of habitat loss and degradation through the distribution of the species.
– Quantify the impact of harvesting for trade.
– Enforcing trade restrictions.
– Carry out awareness raising activities to discourage the capture and trade.
– Increase the amount of suitable habitat that receives protection.
"Alexandrine Parakeet" in captivity:
The Alexandrine Parakeet is a popular bird among poultry. It is ideal for outdoor aviaries and cannot tolerate temperatures below 5ยฐC.. They reproduce well in aviaries. This Psittacula It is one of the oldest species of captive parrots Eurasian continent. Named after the legendary Emperor Alexander the Great, he had numerous specimens exported by his legionnaires back to various Mediterranean countries. Since then, This parrot has been popular with the nobles of all the countries of Anatolia, European and Mediterranean Empire.
This is a kind active, He likes water and readily accepts different or new foods. It has a vigorous beak and therefore it is important to keep the perch free of toxicity and without chemicals such as disinfectants., fungicides, insecticides or pesticides. The Alexandrine Parakeet, like other parrots, They are among the best imitators.
With regard to its longevity, according to sources, one specimen was still alive after 30 years in captivity. In captivity, these parrots have been known that they can raise from the 4 years of age.
These birds Smart They make good pets for those willing to provide ongoing obedience training. If neglected, or appropriate training is given, the Alexandrine Parakeet it becomes prone to tear the feathers and other behavioral problems. The large and powerful beak of the parrot has a strong bite and therefore not recommended as a pet for children. a large cage is required to accommodate their beautiful, long narrow tail.
It is not a difficult species to breed, in fact usually successful.
Alternative names:
– Alexandrine Parakeet, Alexandrine Parrot, Andaman Parakeet, Large Indian Parakeet, Large Parakeet, Rose-breasted Parakeet (English).
– Perruche alexandre (French).
– Grosser Alexandersittich, Alexandersittich (German).
– Periquito-grande-alexandre (Portuguese).
– Cotorra Alejandrina, Cotorra de Alexander (espaรฑol).
– Avibase
– Parrots of the World โ Forshaw Joseph M
– Parrots A Guide to the Parrots of the World – Tony Juniper & Mike Parr
– Birdlife
– Photos:
(1) – Alexandrine Parakeet at Kowloon Park, Hong Kong By Charles Lam from Hong Kong, China (YummyUploaded by Snowmanradio) [CC BY-SA 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(2) – Alexandrine Parakeet Alexandrine Parrot gold. A 17 year old pet parakeet at home in Mumbai By Rudolph.A.furtado (Own work) [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons
(3) – Alexandrine Parakeet (also known as the Alexandrine Parrot) at Rainbow Jungle (The Australian Parrot Breeding Centre), Kalbarri, Western Australia By Sheila Bradford [CC BY 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(4) – An male Alexandrine Parakeet (also known as Alexandrian Parrot) in a tree By Sammy Sam [CC BY-SA 3.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(5) – Alexandrine Parakeet (Psittacula eupatria). A pair By derivative work: Snowmanradio (talk)Two_species_of_Psittacula_on_perch.jpg: Thomas Guignard [CC BY-SA 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(6) – Alexandrine Parakeet flapping her wings By Iamoarampage at English Wikipedia [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons
(7) – Alexandrine Parakeet at Kowloon Park, Hong Kong By Charles Lam from Hong Kong, China (RestingUploaded by Snowmanradio) [CC BY-SA 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(8) – Alexandrine Parakeet at Kowloon Park, Hong Kong By Charles Lam from Hong Kong, China (YummyUploaded by Snowmanradio) [CC BY-SA 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(9) – Alexandrine Parakeet Psittacula eupatria Melghat Tiger Reserve Maharashtra By Dr. Raju Kasambe (Own work) [CC BY-SA 3.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(10) – A painting of an Alexandrine Parakeet, also known at Alexandrian Parrot, (originally captioned ยซPalรฆornis hooded. Hooded Parakeet.ยป) by Edward Lear 1812-1888 [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons
The Black-billed Parrot(Amazona agilis) It is the smallest of the Amazon parrots, and is one of only two species of Amazona endemics Jamaica.
This species, brightly colored, has a plumage, mostly, of color green with them underparts lighter, green or yellow.
The slightly darker edges in feathers of the back of the neck, one dan scalloped effect. Flight feathers darker at the tip; feathers of the tail blue in the margins with red bases to outer feathers. Their eyes They are surrounded by a dark brown ring dark grey, and the bill is black.
The adult male they have the coverts red on the outer of the wings, While these feathers They are usually green in females and in the immature.
Sound of the Black-billed Parrot.
Habitat:
Video "Black-billed Parrot"
Parrots in the world
It is in the humid limestone forests to elevations of 1.600 m. They can be seen in the upper canopy, and they can also be found foraging in cultivated land and plantations near the edge of the forest.
Form groups 6 to 30 individuals.
Reproduction:
The Black-billed Parrot used for nest the tree holes are formed from or related to weathering processes and pathogen attacks insects, at least a 18 meters above the ground. It has reported the use of cavity left by the Jamaican Woodpecker(Melanerpes radiolatus).
Like other species of parrots, the vigorous vocalizations among couples announce nesting territories.
The breeding season It is from March to August. The laying is of 2-4 eggs, with a range of about 48 hours between successive eggs. Eggs are incubated only by the female during 24 days. During this time the male will feed and exchange food with female. The incubation It begins after the first egg is placed, so hatching occurs at intervals, with up to seven days between the first and last hatching. Chicks this amazon They spend up to eight weeks in the nest.
Most nest failures do so in the early mating period., as a result of predation by Jamaican Boa(Epicrates subflavus) (Gruber 1980) and to a lesser extent Jamaican Crow(Corvus jamaicensis).
Food:
The Black-billed Parrot It feeds on fruit, seeds, dried fruits, berries and flowers in the forest canopy. The populations of this species will move in response to the location of food sources. This species also feed on crops and can cause considerable damage to fruit ripening.
Distribution and status:
Size of its range (breeding/resident): 5.100 km2
Its distribution area it is restricted to mid-level moist limestone forests, which have been drastically reduced in recent 40 years. Locally common by all the Cockpit Country, particularly in disturbed edge habitat where it is more common than the Yellow-billed Parrot(Amazona collaria), with which occasionally is associated.
The populations of the Black-billed Parrot also they found in Mount Diablo, in the center of the island. Historical reports also placed at the eastern end of the island, although recent sightings in that area are rare. But, small flocks have been recently in the John Crow Mountains. Preliminary surveys indicate population estimates much higher than those described above, and possibly more than 10.000 individuals in the region of Cockpit Country (C. Levy in some 1999).
Conservation:
State of conservation โ
Vulnerable โ(UICN)โ
โข Current category of the Red List of the UICN: Vulnerable.
โข Population trend: Decreasing.
โข Population size : 6000-15000
Rationale for the Red List category
This species has a range very small within which its habitat is declining in extent, area and quality; and additional reductions of the population are being caused by the trampeo and predation, qualifying the species as Vulnerable. Currently it does not qualify as endangered because the habitat is severely fragmented and is known in more than five places. But, the species can requalify for inclusion in a top list in the future due to population decline likely if the three proposed mining concessions Cockpit Country They are awarded.
Justification of the population
Preliminary population estimates are those that best place the world population in the band between 10.000 and 19.999 individuals (S. Koenig in a bit., 2008). This is equivalent to 6,667-13,333 mature individuals, rounded here to 6,000-15,000 mature individuals. Further studies are needed to get an accurate figure.
Justification of trend
The data suggest that decrease of at least 50% of the population of this species could occur in the next 40-50 years as a result of habitat destruction due to three proposed mining concessions, two of which have recently been granted (Koenig, 2008). But, It is not sure if the third concession is granted (S. Koenig in some. 2010), and as such it is projected to suffer a decrease of species 30-49% over the next 37 years (three generations).
Conservation Actions Underway
โข CITES Appendix II. protected under the Protection Act Wildlife Jamaica and Endangered Species Act of 2000, which together prohibit keeping the species as a domestic animal and local and international trade.
โข Since 1995 He has worked to delineate its distribution, estimate the size of the population, identify long-term factors limiting reproductive performance and train local people in research methods and techniques for monitoring (Davis 1997, BirdLife Jamaica in little 1998).
โข There is a permanent campaign of public awareness high-profile to prevent bauxite mining in Cockpit Country, by having the area declared closed to mining by the Minister's Discretion (S. Koenig in some. 2007, 2009).
โข Proponents remain optimistic that, while losing a large area of รขโฌโนรขโฌโนhabitat, a large area of โโmining habitat will be declared closed (S. Koenig in some. 2007, 2009).
โข Discussions have started that may lead to the ban the importation of psittacine to Jamaica to reduce the risk of leakage and hybridisation (S. Koenig in some. 2007, 2009).
โข There are populations of captive breeding.
Conservation Actions Proposed
โข Survey to delineate the range and evaluate the numbers (BirdLife Jamaica in little 1998).
โข Design and implement Educational programs in the area occupied by the species and adjacent areas (BirdLife Jamaica in little 1998) and develop a structured captive breeding program.
โข Improve the application of the legislation against poaching.
The Black-billed Parrot in captivity:
CITES Appendix II. protected under the Protection Act Wildlife Jamaica and Endangered Species Act of 2000, which together prohibit keeping the species as a domestic animal and local and international trade.
Populations of captive breeding.
Alternative names:
– Black-billed Parrot, Active Amazon, Active Parrot, All-green Amazon, All-green Parrot, Black billed Parrot, Black-billed Amazon (English).
– Amazone verte (French).
– Rotspiegelamazone (German).
– Papagaio-de-bico-preto (Portuguese).
– Amazona de Pico Negro, Amazona Jamaicana Piquioscura (espaรฑol).
Avibase
Parrots of the World โ Forshaw Joseph M
Parrots A Guide to the Parrots of the World – Tony Juniper & Mike Parr Birdlife
Photos:
(1) – A Black-billed Parrot in Jamaica By Ron Knight from Seaford, East Sussex, United Kingdom (Black-billed Parrot) [CC BY 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(2) – Amazona agilis in Wuppertal zoo By Simon J. Tonge [CC BY 3.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(3) – A Black-billed Amazon at Vienna Zoo, Schonbrunn Palace, Vienna, Austria By Alois Staudacher (Rotspiegelamazone) [CC BY 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(4) – A Black-billed Amazon at Vienna Zoo, Schonbrunn Palace, Vienna, Austria By Alois Staudacher (Rotspiegelamazone) [CC BY 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(5) – A Black-billed Parrot in Jamaica By Ron Knight from Seaford, East Sussex, United Kingdom (Black-billed Parrot) [CC BY 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(6) – A Black-billed Amazon at Vienna Zoo, Schonbrunn Palace, Vienna, Austria By Alois Staudacher (Rotspiegelamazone) [CC BY 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(7) – Black-billed Amazon in the John Crow Mountains, Portland, Jamaica By Brennan Mulrooney (originally posted to Flickr as Black-billed Parrot) [CC BY 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(8) – A Black-billed Parrot in Jamaica By Ron Knight from Seaford, East Sussex, United Kingdom (Black-billed Parrot) [CC BY 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(9) – Psittacus agilis By Barraband, Jacques; Bouquet; Le Vaillant, Franรงois [CC BY 2.0 or Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons
(10) – [Little green parrot (Black-billed Amazon [Amazona agilis])] From Natural History of Parrots (by Francois Levaillant, 1801-1805) by Jacques Barraband – Wikimedia
16 cm.. height.
The Andean parakeet (Bolborhynchus orbygnesius) is usually dark green, with blue wing patch (visible in flight), clear peak, tail broad at the base and finished at tip of yellowish color with bluish tinge in the interior.
Video – "Andean parakeet" (Bolborhynchus orbygnesius)
It is usually found in deserts and semi-arid areas, between 3000 to 4000 m (It has been reported to the 1500 and to the 6000 m).
Possibly perform altitudinal migration, descending to mountainous valleys after reproduction. You can also visit rural areas and agricultural land.
Reproduction:
Walks in couple or flocks of more or less 300 individuals. They breed in caves dug into ravines.
Food:
The diet consists of seeds, buds and fruits.
Conservation:
State of conservation โ
Minor Concern โ(UICN)โ
This species has a very large distribution area and, therefore, does not approach thresholds for Vulnerable based on range size criteria (presence extension <20 000 km2 combinada con un tamaรฑo de distribuciรณn decreciente o fluctuante, extensiรณn>30 % decrease in ten years or three generations). Population size has not been quantified., but not believed to approach the thresholds for Vulnerable based on population size criteria (<10 000 individuos maduros con una disminuciรณn continua estimada en>10 % in ten years or three generations, or with a population structure).
Population size: unknown
The population trend: Stable
presence extension (breeding/resident): 655 000 km 2
Distribution:
It is found in northwestern Peru to Bolivia and west of the Andes in Peru..
"Andean parakeet" in captivity
They are shy and quiet birds, very sensitive to cold, stress and infections. Birds may die without apparent reason. They are rare in captivity.
About 30 cm.. length and a weight between 140 and 170 gr.
Like all species of the genus Eos, the โTanimbar Loryโ (Eos reticulata), shows a beautiful plumage mainly red. In adults, a great band blue-violet crosses the region of the eye and continues in the patches that cover the ears, at the sides of the neck.
The under neck and the mantle they are covered with long, violet-blue stripes.
The back and tail they are more or less blue red striped.
The pens and large blankets have terminations in black. The primary is almost entirely black. The tail is brownish black above and below a red opaque.
The bottom of the wings they have the edge and dark tips. Thighs and flanks they are completely Red. The bill coral red. Iris orange-red. The legs are grey.
In youth , the feathers the lower parts are aligned blue-black variably. The shield It is covered with blue spots instead of stripes. The bill is brownish Orange. The irises They are brown.
The Blue streaked Lory they live mostly in the most wooded areas, including primary and secondary forests. They are also found in coconut plantations, of sago palms, in the mangroves and the cultivated lands.
It seems that they show a certain attraction for the monsoon forests, relatively open and located in low-lying areas.
They live alone, in pairs or in small groups of up to ten or more individuals. These are rather shy and discreet, but their presence is often betrayed by the screams produced flocks in flight.
They have a direct flight, quite fast and composed of many flapping. Often feed on coconut blossom trees and the sago palms.
Reproduction:
There is little information of the natural environment. The Blue streaked Lory They typically make 2 or 3 eggs that colouring of 24 to 26 days. The chicks leave the nest after 7 to 8 weeks. But, even after feather, they return regularly to rest awhile. The youth they stay in the family throughout the summer and then join the dormitories where they continue their learning.
Food:
They have an exclusively vegetarian diet. They feed on fruits, seeds, buds and immature seeds. His tongue with a brush-shaped end is specialized to collect nectar and pollen.
Distribution:
Is located in Yamdena and Larat, Tanimbar Islands and island of Babar, Indonesian. Introduced in Kai Islands and island of Damar, where has possibly gone.
Conservation:
– Current IUCN Red List category: Near threatened
– The population trend: Decreasing
Habitat loss continues apace in southern Yamdena
The species is suspected that it is decreasing at a rate of slow to moderate, due to the combined forces of habitat loss and capture.
It is estimated a population of 220.000 ยฑ 50.000 birds in Yamdena
Nearly 3000 birds are traded on the international market of birds each year, fact that probably has not caused a decrease in its population. Habitat loss continues however, and this, combined with capture, probably if that will lead to more declines.
Conservation Actions Proposed:
– Regularly monitoring at certain sites throughout its range to determine population trends.
– Investigate the degree of capture and take appropriate measures, including the use of awareness-raising campaigns, to address these issues.
– Protection of the areas significant of forest right in all the Islands where is distributes the species.
"Blue streaked Lory" in captivity:
Lives of 15 to 30 years in the wild; and between 28 and 32 years in captivity.
Fairly common in the s 1970. Nowadays it is not unusual to see them in captivity.
Alternative names:
– Blue streaked Lory, Blue-streaked Lory (ingles).
– Lori rรฉticulรฉ, Lori ร raies bleues, Lori striรฉ bleu (French).
– Strichellori (German).
– Lรณris-de-crista-azul (Portuguese).
– Lori de las Tanimbar, Lori Reticulado (espaรฑol).
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