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Senegal Parrot
Poicephalus senegalus

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Lorito Senegalés

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Lorito Senegalés

Description:

Of 25 cm.. length and a weight between 130 and 150 g..

The Senegal Parrot (Poicephalus senegalus) has the forecrown, crown, lores and nape dark slate gray; clear the chin and cheeks; ear-coverts Silver. Mantle, scapulars and back bright green; rump and uppertail-coverts lighter with yellowish tint. Upper, the wing-coverts bright green ; secondaries and primaries of color Brown dark with edges green to them vane outer. Under, the wing-coverts Yellow. Throat grey, merging with the chest green (green lighter on the upper parts); low area chest and belly bright yellow with orange dye plant; the thighs green, undertail- coverts bright yellow. Tail greenish brown.

Bill grey: irises yellow with bare periophthalmic black; Chere blackish: Legs dark brown.

Sexes similar in plumage.

Immature generally paler than the adult with the head in brown tone off, has the ear-coverts Silver; sometimes extends the green on the bottoms shaped yellow patches on the flanks. Iris dark brown.

Subspecies description:

  • Poicephalus senegalus mesotypus

    (Reichenow, 1910) – Similar to the species nominal, but with the green plumage paler and green color chest It is extending into the abdomen, the abdomen It is orange.


  • Poicephalus senegalus senegalus

    (Linnaeus, 1766) – The nominal species


  • Poicephalus senegalus versteri

    (Finsch, 1863) – Similar to the species nominal but the green color the mantle and wings is darker; the lower regions of chest and the abdomen are yellow orange to red in the middle of the abdomen.

Habitat:

The Senegal Parrot They are found in a variety of forest habitats ranging from open field with scattered and palm trees to the dense forests closed.

Its optimal habitat It seems to be the forest savannah, relatively open, with numerous Adansonias typed or Parkia filicoidea.

In Ghana river seen in forests and swamps.

They are probably just below 1.000 meters above sea level.

Gregarious, at least outside the breeding period.

Usually they are seen in couples or groups of up to 20 birds, Larger groups can meet locally to exploit abundant food areas.

They perform diurnal movements and of longer duration in relation to the food supply;. Consequently, of the pobalación Senegal Parrot fluctuates widely in some areas.

Reproduction:

The Senegal Parrot usually they build a nest in the cavity of a tree branch (of Adansonia or Parkia), at a height of 10 m, sometimes more.

The breeding season It seems to vary depending on location. In the wetter areas, breeding season can be prolonged. In the region of Gambia and the rio Senegal, they have been egg production in the months of April, may, August and september, also from November to February. In drier areas (as Mali) the breeding season is probably limited by the rainy season (May to October).

They put of 2 to 4 eggs on alternate days and the period of incubation is of 25 to 28 days, female being fed by the male until hatching. The juveniles to leave the nest 9 weeks of age.

Food:

The diet of the Senegal Parrot It is composed of a variety of fruits, seeds and sprouts leaves.

Registered foods include fruits and seeds Khaya senegalensis, Pterocarpus erinaceus, Ficus, Parkia, Sclerocarya birrea, Butyrospermum Parkt, Vitex cienkowskii, Adansonia, Ximena American and Acacia white. They also feed on cultivated plants, including millet and peanut.

Distribution:

Size of the area of distribution (reproduction / resident): 3.590.000 km2

The Senegal Parrot they are endemic in West Africa. Since Guinea (including the The islands), Senegal, Gambia, South of Mauritania and South of Mali through forest-savanna mosaic of Ivory Coast. Burkina Faso, South of Niger, Ghana (also on the coast). Benin and Togo until Nigeria, Cameroon and Southwest Chad.

Partially sedentary but seasonal visitors in some areas (especially further north), for example, some birds move south on the niger river in Mali with the onset of the driest periods. In the rainy season visitantan Southern Mauritania and some movements Nigeria, with the driest north unemployed, off wet season.

Subspecies distribution:

  • Poicephalus senegalus mesotypus

    (Reichenow, 1910) – East and Northeast Nigeria, South of Niger, North of Cameroon, southwest end Chad and possibly the extreme northwest Central African Republic.


  • Poicephalus senegalus senegalus

    (Linnaeus, 1766) – The nominal species


  • Poicephalus senegalus versteri

    (Finsch, 1863) – Ivory Coast and this from Ghana through Togo and Benin to western Nigeria, North of llorin, Zaria

Conservation:


Status


• Current Red List of UICN: Least concern

• Population trend: Stable

The size of the world population Senegal Parrot It has not been quantified, but the species, according to sources, It is often abundant (pit et to the. 1997).

The population is suspected to be stable and may even benefit from the widespread loss of closed canopy forests in the West Africa.

This species has been heavily traded: 1994-2003, more than 410,000 wild individuals were exported from the range States (Trade Database, in October of 2005 UNEP-WCMC CITES). It is one of the most popular pet birds, since it is regarded as a quiet little bird in captivity. Due to the large amount of this kind traded, It was the subject of a review of significant trade of the CITES, in which was listed as “possible concern” (Inskipp et al. 1988). However, and despite international exports of a large number of birds, trade seems to have not seriously affected this species in general, without significant decreases in reported national population.

EXPORTS:

    Guinea exported in the dates between 1994 and 2003 a few 164.817 specimens.
    Mali exported in the dates between 1994 and 2003 a few 60.742 specimens.
    Senegal exported in the dates between 1994 and 2003 a few 173.794 specimens.
    Liberia not considered diffusion area, however it is known that among 1999 and 2003 some were exported 4.860 specimens, thus becoming the fourth country with the most exports made of Africa.

"Senegal Parrot" in captivity:

The Senegal Parrot It, after the Grey Parrot (Psittacus erithacus), African parrot most traded and raised in captivity. You might say whole sentences and whistle songs. Thanks to its size it is considered a quiet pet and very manageable when it's raised hand (papillero). They are not noisy and create a very emotional bond with family members.

Imported adult birds are always reserved even when they spend a lot of time with their caretaker. Young, on the other hand, They are docile and affectionate, and then adapt to the people.

With regard to its longevity, according to sources, a specimen lived 40 years in captivity.

Alternative names:

Senegal Parrot, Yellow-bellied Parrot (English).
Perroquet youyou, Youyou, Youyou du Sénégal (French).
Mohrenkopf (German).
Periquito-massarongo (Portuguese).
Lorito del Senegal, Lorito Senegalés, You-You (español).


scientific classification:

Carl Linnaeus
Carl Linnaeus

Order: Psittaciformes
Family: Psittacidae
Genus: Poicephalus
Scientific name: Poicephalus senegalus
Citation: (Linnaeus, 1766)
Protonimo: Psittacus senegalus

Images “Senegal Parrot”:

Videos "Senegal Parrot"

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“Senegal Parrot” (Poicephalus senegalus)


Sources:

Avibase
– Parrots of the World – Forshaw Joseph M
– Parrots A Guide to the Parrots of the World – Tony Juniper & Mike Parr
– Birdlife
Wikipedia

Photos:

(1) – An adult Senegal Parrot at Artis Zoo, Amsterdam, Netherlands. The extent of yellow tends to indicate that it is probably a male By Arjan Haverkamp [CC BY 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(2) – An adult Senegal Parrot in Maspalomas, Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, By Juan Emilio Spain from Las Palmas, Spain [CC BY-SA 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(3) – Poicephalus senegalus senegalus, the Senegal Parrot By Charlesjsharp (Own work) [CC BY-SA 3.0 or GFDL], via Wikimedia Commons
(4) – A pair of Senegal Parrots in a tree. One parrot (probably the male) is feeding the other (probably the female). Thomas J. Haslam, http://www.flickr.com/photos/tjhaslam/ On 24 February 2007, I took the photos for this montage at the birding site Technopole in Dakar, Senegal. Licensed to Wikipedia under CC-BY 2.5 and GFDL. Published to my Flickr account under the same license.
(5) – A juvenile Senegal Parrot By Brian Holsclaw (originally posted to Flickr as IMG_2807) [CC BY 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons

Sounds: Bram Piot (Xeno-canto)

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