birds

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Nicobar Parakeet
Psittacula caniceps

Origin: India
Character: ---
Life expectancy: ---
Height: Of 55 to 61 cm..


Cotorra de Nicobar

Content

Description:

Among 55 and 61 cm.. of length and a weight of 224 g..

The Nicobar Parakeet (Psittacula caniceps) has the crown, upper cheeks and ear-coverts pale grey; stripe black in the region perioftalmica through the lores up to the forecrown; the lower cheeks and the chin are black. Nape and upper mantle pale gray bathed in blue; rest of the upper region green grass pale.

Upperwing-coverts green; primaries and secondaries Green with dark tips. Underwing-coverts green. Underparts green, slightly paler than upper parts. The elongated feathers central tail green with grey tinge, outer green.

upper jaw coral red, the lower black; cere dark grey; irises orange-red; legs dark gray.

The female has the bill black, the grey of the head and nape more strongly impregnated with blue, and tail slightly shorter.

The immature similar to females.

Habitat:

The Nicobar Parakeet it is difficult to locate visually among the dense foliage, Although its presence is revealed by their distinctive calls. Their flight is fast and direct.

They inhabit in the high rainforest. Generally held among the dense foliage on canopy, about everything when not fully.
They are perhaps most abundant in the coastal forests than inside.
Has also been recorded in areas with plants of Areca catechu and coconut plantations, which suggests a considerable tolerance of the species in habitats modified.
Usually, observed in pairs or in small groups.

Reproduction:

Unknown breeding habits.

Food:

Unknown diet except for the fruits of Pandanus, abundant in the inhabited islands of the Nicobar archipelago.

Distribution:

Size of the area of distribution (reproduction / resident): 1,100 km2

endemic to the Nicobar Islands, located in the Indian Ocean and belonging to the India. Registered since Great Nicobar, Montschall and Kondul. Resident. His status is unknown but they are potentially at risk due to habitat loss due to the expansion of rice cultivation; also affected its population because of the bird trade, Although there is little local use of these birds as pets and there are no known international traffic.

Conservation:

State of conservation ⓘ

Near-threatened Near Threatened ⓘ (UICN)ⓘ

• Current Red List of UICN: Near threatened

• Population trend: Decreasing

The population of the Nicobar Parakeet It is suspected that It may be waning as a result of the destruction of habitat due to the tsunami of the 2004 (K. Sivakumar in litt. 2007), due to the development of the island, and because the capture for the wild bird trade. But, more research is needed to establish with precision the trends.

Probably between 10,000 – 15,000 specimens on freedom.

The main threats to the Nicobar Parakeet They come because of the large number of birds that are trapped for the cage bird trade.. On the other hand, the increase of settlements on the Islands It has led to increased pressure on natural resources and the planned development projects may seriously affect the habitat of this species. The tsunami of 2004 It destroyed large tracts of coastal forest that may have caused a further decline in the population. But, the data remains scarce, and the rate of regeneration of these forests is unknown (K. Sivakumar in litt., 2007).

Conservation Actions Proposed:

    – Determine the impact of the trade in the species.
    – Calculate the rates of forest loss.
    – Protect remaining habitat areas.
    – Assess the impact of the tsunami of 2004.

"Nicobar Parakeet" in captivity:

There is not much information available; probably brought for the London Zoo at the beginning of 20th century; kept as pets, at an unknown number, by the local population of the Nicobar Islands

Since the Nicobar Parakeet is a species so rare, It is not recommended to keep them captive, it is preferable to place them in a breeding program well managed by expert hands.

Alternative names:

– Nicobar Parakeet, Blyth’s Parakeet (English).
– Perruche des Nicobar, Perruche de Blyth (French).
– Graukopfsittich (German).
– Periquito-de-nicobar (Portuguese).
– Cotorra de Nicobar (español).


scientific classification:

Edward Blyth
Edward Blyth

– Order: Psittaciformes
– Family: Psittaculidae
– Genus: Psittacula
– Scientific name: Psittacula caniceps
– Citation: (Blyth, 1846)
– Protonimo: Palaeornis caniceps

Images "Nicobar Parakeet"


Parrots in the world

Especies del género Psittacula

Nicobar Parakeet (Psittacula caniceps)


Sources:

– Avibase
– Parrots of the World – Forshaw Joseph M
– Parrots A Guide to the Parrots of the World – Tony Juniper & Mike Parr
– Birdlife

– Photos:

(1) – John Gould [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons

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Yellow-collared Macaw
Primolius auricollis

Origin: Bolivia, Paraguay, Brazil, Argentina
Character: Curious and pleasant.
Life expectancy: 40 to 50 years.
Height: Of 37 to 45 cm..


Guacamayo Acollarado

Content

Description:

Ilustración Guacamayo Acollarado

Of 37 to 45 cm. length and a weight between 240 and 250 g..

The Yellow-collared Macaw (Primolius auricollis) already it was described by American ornithologist John Cassin in 1853.

Similar to the Blue-headed Macaw, differs by a characteristic Yellow collar dorado, most notable in the area of the nape. This thin yellow line of feathers surrounding the back of the neck, It is that gives this species its name.

Previously it was considered within the genre «ARA» for having a face bare of feathers and was also known scientifically as «propyrrhura Macaw»

It is a small Macaw; has the forecrown, the feathered portion of the cheeks and the front of the crown dull blackish-brown color, becoming a blue-green shade at the rear of the crown and both sides of the neck. The neck is covered with a large golden yellow necklace. All upperparts are green with blue markings in some feathers.

The small and medium-sized coverts are green. The alula and primary coverts they are completely blue. The primaries are blue, the secondaries are green with a strong blue tint in the vane outer. The underwing-coverts are, in its entirety, olive yellow, with the exception of the lower part of the flight feather It is yellowish.

The underparts are green. Upper, the central tail feathers are reddish brown at the base, in the middle of green and blue at the tip. The outer tail feathers they are mostly blue. The bottom of the tail is opaque yellow.

The bill is blackish with a tone slate finish. The bare skin about lores and cheeks It is white with a straw tone clear. The irises are orange, legs pink meat.

Both sexes similar.

The youth they resemble their parents. But, they have a bill grey with a white Peak; irises grayscale and the legs pale grey. The immature you have the collar area of the nape reddish.

Habitat:

The Yellow-collared Macaw they attend a wide variety of habitats from forests. They are found in the humid tropical forests that cover the foothills of the Andes, but also in dry areas of deciduous and grasslands with scattered trees. They are also present in the tree edges and savannas.

Unlike most parrot species, the Yellow-collared Macaw support very well the profound changes occurring in their habitat.

They are relatively common in the waste groves situated in the middle of farmland and around major urban centres.

Mainly noted below 600 m, to 1.700 metres above sea level in the Northwest of Argentina.

Usually they live in pairs or in small groups, even outside the breeding season. Larger meetings may have place when food is abundant or when gather in the dormitories at night. Within these large herds, the matched pairs are less visible than other species of macaws.

They feed on trees and shrubs, Although they occasionally do on land

Reproduction:

The season of nesting is in December in Argentina. The nest It tends to be located in the cavity of a tree, sometimes up to 20 meters above the ground. The spawning usually included in 2 to 4 eggs.

In captivity, the incubation lasts a few 23 days. The reproductive cycle is particularly long, since the young leave the nest at 7 weeks, after the hatching.

Food:

The Yellow-collared Macaw they have a vegetarian regimen that includes fruits Byrsonima, flowers Erythrina, Ficus, corn and seeds Tomentosa Guazuma, Spondias lutea, Adelia mesembinifolia, Astronium Badi and A. urundeuva.

Distribution:

Size of its range (breeding/resident ): 1.950.000 km2

Endemic to the center of South America. The distribution of the Yellow-collared Macaw includes the Northwest of Argentina, in the East of Jujuy and North of Salta (reports of Missions and Formosa they are not correct) going northward through the East and North of Bolivia, in the departments of Santa Cruz, Beni and Tarija, is also distributed by the North of Paraguay, mainly to the West of the Paraguay River, but largely absent in the drier areas of the Chaco.

Extend across the southwest of Mato Grosso and Mato Grosso from the South, in Brazil, where its northern and eastern limits are unclear; They are also distributed (possibly different) in West Goiás, Northeast of Mato Grosso and Southeast end of For, where there are reports of birds in and around the The Bananal island.

Mostly residents, Although apparently, seasonal movements in some areas.

In general is a common macaw and he persists in areas where significant habitat modification has taken place. Scarcer at the edge of its range in Paraguay.

They have been the subject of international trade, but its population does not seem to be affected by the capture.

Conservation:

State of conservation ⓘ

minor concern Minor Concern ⓘ (UICN)ⓘ

• Red List category of the UICN current: Least concern
• Population trend: Growing

The species is not threatened at the global level. Global population size has not been quantified, but this species is described as «quite common»

At the beginning of the Decade of 1980, in Bolivia, the capture of birds for aviaries reached the alarming figure of over of 3.200 birds per year. Fortunately, the traffic is prohibited from 1984.

It is considered rather low, the population of this species in Paraguay and North of Argentina, But in recent years the trend has reversed., and the species has colonized new areas.

"Yellow-collared Macaw" in captivity:

Quite common, above all in the EE.UU, less frequent in other parts.

Charming, clever, and comedian, These small macaws offer all the personality of a great green Macaw in a smaller size, being more affordable and easier to take care of. It is an extremely Intelligent and easy to train.

Many Yellow-collared Macaw are gifted talkers, and they are able to say several words and phrases. Some owners have pointed out that this little Macaw is able to speak more clearly than other larger species. Even so, our Macaw should not be purchased only by his ability to speak; that ability is never a guarantee.

Reproduce well in captivity. The breeding season It is usually in the spring and early summer, Although some couples are played almost throughout the year. The implementation size It is usually of two to four eggs, but sometimes more. The incubation period is of 23 to 27 days. Some additional high fat seeds, as the Sunflower seed, should be added to the diet during the breeding season to stimulate reproduction.

Marriage bonds are strong, but not necessarily for life.

Alternative names:

– Yellow-collared Macaw, Cassin’s Macaw, Golden-collared Macaw, Golden-naped Macaw, Yellow collared Macaw, Yellow-naped Macaw (English).
– Ara à collier jaune, Ara à nuque d’or (French).
– Halsbandara (German).
– ararinha, Maracanã-de-colar (Portuguese).
– G. Acollarado, Guacamayo Acollarado, Maracaná cuello dorado, Maracaná de Cuello Dorado (español).
– Parabachi de cuello amarillo, Maracaná de cuello dorado (Bolivia).
– Marakana (Guarani).
– Maracaná cuello dorado (Paraguay).


scientific classification:

John Cassin
John Cassin

– Order: Psittaciformes
– Family: Psittacidae
– Genus: Primolius
– Scientific name: Primolius auricollis
– Citation: (Cassin, 1853)
– Protonimo: Ara auricollis


Images Yellow-collared Macaw:

Guacamayo-Acollarado-(5)
Guacamayo-Acollarado-(4)
Guacamayo-Acollarado-(3)
Guacamayo-Acollarado-(2)

Videos "Yellow-collared Macaw"

Yellow-collared Macaw (Primolius auricollis)


Parrots in the world

Species of the genus Primolius


Sources:

– Avibase
– Parrots of the World – Forshaw Joseph M
– Parrots A Guide to the Parrots of the World – Tony Juniper & Mike Parr
– Birdlife

– Photos:

(1) – A Golden-collared Macaw at Kakegawa Kacho-en, Kakegawa, Shizuoka, Japan By Takashi Hososhima from Tokyo, Japan (A bird of dexterityUploaded by snowmanradio) [CC BY-SA 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(2) – Two Golden-collared Macaws (also known as Yellow-collared Macaws) at the Pana’ewa Rainforest Zoo, Hawaii, USA By Pat McGrath from Lihue, U.S.A. [CC BY-SA 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(3) – Golden-collared Macaw (also known as the Yellow-collared Macaw). A pet parrot By rebeccakoconnor [CC BY 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(4) – Golden-collared Macaw (also called Yellow-collared Macaw) parents with a juvenile By Benutzer:Robert01 on German wiki (Bild:Goldnackenaras on German wiki.) [CC BY-SA 3.0 of], via Wikimedia Commons
(5) – Golden-collared Macaw (also known as the Yellow-collared Macaw); two captive By TJ Lin [CC BY-SA 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(6) – Ara primoli = Primolius auricollis (copy of Gray's Heritage Library (France) by Francis de Laporte de Castelnau [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons

– Sounds: (Xeno-canto)

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Hispaniolan Parakeet
Psittacara chloropterus

Origin: Haiti, Dominican Republic
Character: Curious, social
Life expectancy: ---
Height: 32 cm..

Aratinga de la Española

Content

Description:


Anatomy-parrots

32 cm. of length and a weight of 150 g..

The Hispaniolan Parakeet (Psittacara chloropterus) has the head whole and both sides of the neck green grass with some scattered red feathers; the upperparts and upperwing-coverts Green with external ends of the Middle coverts red. Primary and secondary dark green with bluish-green tips on margins vane inner. The underwing-coverts yellowish brown in the flight feather, more grayish towards the tip; coverts Green except smaller and medium-sized external coverts, they are red and the primarys which are green and Red.

The underparts brighter yellowish green, usually with scattered red feathers.
Upper, the tail dark green and below, grayish brown.
The bill color horn; bare periophthalmic whitish: irises yellowish; legs grayish brown.

Ilustración de Psittacara euops y Psittacara chloropterus

Both sexes similar.

The immature has less red and more green in underwing-coverts, No red on the upper surface of the bend of wing and grey at the base of the bill and on the cutting edge.

  • Sound of the Hispaniolan Parakeet .

Subspecies description:

Psittacara chloropterus maugei
Psittacara chloropterus maugei
  • Psittacara chloropterus chloropterus

    • (Souance, 1856) – The species nominal.

  • Psittacara chloropterus maugei †

    • (Souance, 1856) – Similar to the species nominal, but with a duller green in the underparts; more red in the large underwing-coverts.

Habitat:

Video – "Hispaniolan Parakeet" (Psittacara chloropterus)

Wild baby Hispaniolan Parakeet (Aratinga chloroptera) at nest hole. AVI
Watch this video on YouTube.

This species covers all types of natural habitats from arid lowland forests, to sheets of palmas, but obviously prefers upland forest (including the dominated by Pinus), to 3.000 meters above sea level, scarce, Perhaps because of the persecution, in the adjacent cultivated areas.

In general, observed in pairs or in small flocks, but sometimes in meetings of more than one hundred, at least in the past, When were most abundant. Discernible couples even within large flocks.

Reproduction:

They build their nests in tree cavities, including old holes made by woodpeckers, as well as in arboreal termite mounds.

The laying compose it between 3 and 5 eggs, exceptionally 7.

Food:

There are few details about the diet of the Hispaniolan Parakeet, but it is apparently similar to the fellow and and depends on local availability of fruits, seeds, nuts, outbreaks, flowers and beads; Some reported foods include Ficus figs and corn.

Distribution:

confined in Haiti and Dominican Republic, la Española, Greater Antilles. Previously in the Mona Island (Psittacara chloropterus maugei), extinct between 1892 and 1901, probably as a result of the pressure due to the hunting and, possibly, the perturbations by the explosions in the guano mine; possibly, also distributed in Puerto Rico, and its, probably, at the end of the century 19, due to loss of habitat and hunting.

In Hispaniola It is subject to a significant and continuous decrease, due to destruction of habitat, trade and persecution, especially in Haiti, where possibly is extinct.

In Dominican Republic still distributed in a few upland areas, for example, Cordillera Central.

Possibly small wild populations in Puerto Rico and Florida. A small number in captivity; the international trade small volume, probably, keep going.

Subspecies distribution:

  • Psittacara chloropterus chloropterus

    • (Souance, 1856) – The species nominal.

  • Psittacara chloropterus maugei †

    • (Souance, 1856) – Formerly distributed by the Mona Island and, possibly, Puerto Rico, but the last recorded specimen was in 1892. Currently extinct.

Conservation:

State of conservation ⓘ

Vulnerable Vulnerable ⓘ (UICN)ⓘ

• Red List category of the UICN current: Vulnerable

• Population trend: Decreasing

There is no new data on the evolution of the population; But, the species is suspected that it may be in decline, slow to moderate due to the hunting, capture and habitat loss.

Habitat loss and persecution as crop pest they are the greatest threats to this species. Is exploited for the local and international trade, Although only reported 12 individuals for international trade between 1991 and 1995 (Snyder et to the., 2000).

The number of copies of Hispaniolan Parakeet ranges between 1500 and 7000.

Conservation Actions Underway

• Appendix II of CITES.

• In the Dominican Republic, is legally protected against the hunt, but this legislation is not applied properly (Snyder et to the., 2000).

• A education strategy with community participation has been launched for the protection of this species (Vasquez et to the., 1995).

• Las interactions between this species and the Olive-throated Parakeet (Eupsittula nana), due to the recent increase in the number of the latter in the Sierra de Bahoruco [S. Latta in litt., 1998] ), they are being investigated (Anon. 2007).

• A group of volunteers for the protection of the parrot will work reforming the damaged nests. (Anon. 2007)

Conservation Actions Proposed.

• Clarify the status of the species in Haiti.

• Study ecology and reproductive success to determine the natural limiting factors.

• Comply with current legislation in the Dominican Republic.

The Hispaniolan Parakeet in captivity:

Rare in captivity and legally protected in Dominican Republic against the hunt and capture.

Alternative names:

– Hispaniolan Parakeet, Haitian Paroquet, Hispaniolan Conure, San Domingo Conure (inglés).
– Conure maîtresse, Perruche maîtresse (francés).
– Haitisittich (alemán).
– Periquito-de-hispaniola (portugués).
– Aratinga de la Española, Perico , Periquito Antillano, Periquito de la Española (español).
– Perico, Xaxavi (República Dominicana).

scientific classification:

– Order: Psittaciformes
– Family: Psittacidae
– Genus: Psittacara
– Scientific name: Psittacara chloropterus
– Citation: (Souancé, 1856)
– Protonimo: Psittacara chloroptera

Images Hispaniolan Parakeet:

Psittacara-chloropterus-2
Psittacara-chloropterus-3
Psittacara-chloropterus-4
Psittacara-chloropterus-5
Parrots in the world

Species of the genus Psittacara

Sources:

Avibase
Parrots of the World – Forshaw Joseph M
Parrots A Guide to the Parrots of the World – Tony Juniper & Mike Parr
Birdlife

Photos:

(1) – Haitisittich Psittacara chloropterus Aufnahme in La Romana By Martingloor (Own work) [CC BY-SA 4.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(2) – Haitisittich Psittacara chloropterus By Martingloor (Own work) [CC BY-SA 4.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(3) – Haitisittich Psittacara chloropterus Aufnahme in La Romana By Martingloor (Own work) [CC BY-SA 4.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(4) – Perico de la Hispaniola / Aratinga chloroptera by Carlos De Soto Molinari – Flickr
(5) – Perico de la Hispaniola / Aratinga chloroptera by Carlos De Soto Molinari – Flickr
(6) – Evopsitta maugei. Illustrations from Iconographie des perroquets non figurs dans les publications de Levaillante et de M. Bourjot Evopsitta maugei = Aratinga chloroptera maugei == Psittacara chloropterus maugei By 48 hand-coloured lithographic plates by E. Blanchard and J. Daverne (pl. I-XV) or Juliot of Tours (XVI-XLVII, 79). [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons
(7) – Psittacara euops Syn: Evopsitta euops & Psittacara chloropterus Syn: Psittacara chloropter bzw. Psittacara euops St. Domingue By Charles Emile Blanchard (1819–1900) (biodiversitylibrary.org) [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons

Sounds: Lance A. M. Benner (Xeno-canto)

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Deville's Parakeet
Pyrrhura lucianii

Origin: Brazil
Character: active and curious
Life expectancy: 12 to 15 years en libertad
Height: 21 to 23 cm.


Deville's Parakeet

Content

Description:

21-23 cm.. height.

the showy plumage of the Deville's Parakeet (Pyrrhura lucianii) is generally Green, darker in the lower parts, the crown is dark brown, the forecrown and face is brownish red in colour; cheeks brick red, faded of blue, ear-coverts brownish yellow, neck and chest with the typical scales very visible due to the black and yellow contrast of the feathers. The ventral coat of arms, reddish, is well defined; in flight the dark red spot is notorious for the abdomen. Well defined are the reddish marks on the rump and in his long tail; the flight feather they are blue.

It has periocular ring Of course, irises brown, bill blackish and legs grey pink.

Note:

Until recently this species was included along with the Pyrrhura subandina, Pyrrhura caeruliceps, Pyrrhura pantchenkoi within the species Pyrrhura picta.

Habitat:

Found in altitudes of 800 m, in forests Terra firm and várzea, including forest margins and near clearings with tall trees. In forests low semi humid, up close 100 m.

Seen in pairs, groups of three or flocks of up to 20 individuals.

Reproduction:

Little is known about the reproductive cycle of this species, probably nesting in large trees, in cavities or in nest of woodpeckers abandoned, with one laying estimated in 5-7 eggs.

Food:

With feeds a wide variety of fruits, flowers, seeds and algae, possibly.

Distribution:

Size of the distribution (breeding/resident): 47,200 km2

Restricted to the State of amazon in the Northwest Amazon of Brazil.

This species is supposed fairly common within its range, However, This can not be confirmed since this time rare remote region is visited by researchers.

Conservation:

• Red List Category: Least concern

• Population trend: Decrease

State of conservation ⓘ

minor concern Minor Concern ⓘ (UICN)ⓘ

The status of their populations is unknown, but for the good condition of the habitat, it can be assumed that they are in good state of conservation.

While the trend of the population seems to be decreasing, do not believe that the decline is fast enough for approaching the threshold of vulnerable under the criterion of population trend

"Deville's Parakeet" in captivity:

Although he is a parrot rare in captivity, its potential as a domestic fowl is excellent, provided there are hand raised and socialized from an early age. The newly imported birds are usually shy and nervous and often they remain reserved.

It is usually inquisitive and active, enjoy flying and requires plenty of exercise and a spacious cage. Usually, It is not too noisy unless it is excited (as it is usually the case of all species Pyrrhura).

Once acclimatized, These parrots are quite robust. Enjoy with the bath by what are them must provide a dish of water little deep to daily. Also the love chew branches fresh.

Alternative names:

– Deville’s Parakeet, Bonaparte’s Parakeet (English).
– Conure de Bonaparte, Conure de Luciani (French).
– Bonapartesittich, Prinz Luzians Rotschwanzsittich (German).
– Tiriba-de-deville (Portuguese).
– Cotorra de Bonaparte, Ñángaro de Deville, Perico de Deville, Cotorrita barriguiroja (español).
– Perico de Bonaparte (Peru).

scientific classification:

– Order: Psittaciformes
– Family: Psittacidae
– Genus: Pyrrhura
– Scientific name: Pyrrhura lucianii
– Citation: (Deville, 1851)
– Protonimo: Conurus Lucianii

Images Deville's Parakeet:

Parrots in the world

Especies del género Pyrrhura

Deville's Parakeet (Pyrrhura lucianii)


Sources:

– Avibase
– Parrots of the World – Forshaw Joseph M
– Parrots A Guide to the Parrots of the World – Tony Juniper & Mike Parr
– Birdlife

– Photos:

(1) – Maracana luciani Dev. & Cast. Pyrrhura lucianii = (Deville, 1851) by Francis de Laporte de Castelnau [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons

– Sounds: Daniel Lane (Xeno-canto)

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White-capped Parrot
Pionus seniloides

Origin: Colombia, Venezuela, Peru
Character: Calm and docile
Life expectancy: 25 to 30 years.
Height: 28 cm..

White-capped Parrot

Content


Anatomy-parrots

Description:

28 to 30 cm.. high and about 229 g. of weight.

The White-capped Parrot (Pionus seniloides) It is easily identifiable by the "peak" yellow, head usually white, with the crown with reddish speckles, feathers of the nape and sides of the head with dark blue edges and red dyes which gives the appearance of flake.

Breast with greenish blue edges, under belly and internal base tail red.

Iris of color Brown and legs gray-green.

The youth have crown and chest green, and green spots on the sides of the head and neck.

Note:

Previously he was treated as a subspecies of the species Pionus tumultuosus, that is to say, Pionus tumultuosus seniloides. A midyear 2014 it is considered as own species.

Habitat and behavior:

White-capped Parrot

It is a kind Rare.
It inhabits in humid jungle and edges, from the 1900 to 3000 m. It is mainly a species of temperate zone, but you can descend to lower elevations.

Like most highland parrots, the White-capped Parrot are rather nomads, widely wandering in search of fruits and seeds (now perhaps more as a result of extensive deforestation). Usually observed in flocks 3-25 birds, sometimes more. More active with grey weather, overcast skies. Difficult to see while feeding or resting in the upper canopy. Its silhouette in flight resembles a Amazona but with the beating of wings deepest.

Reproduction:

It nests in tree hollows.

Food:

Feeds of seeds, fruit of Turpinia paniculata and plants of the family Clusiaceae; sometimes in cornfields, causing damage to their crops.

Distribution:

Size of its range (reproduction / resident): 1.020.000 km2

Live west of Venezuela (from the border Trujillo–Lara) through the East of the Andes of Colombia (rare in the western Andes), and on both sides of the Andes in Ecuador and Northwest of Peru (west to Cajamarca and this, at least until Freedom)

Conservation:


minor concern


• Current category of the Red List of the UICN: Least concern.

• Population trend: Decreasing.

Justification of the population

The size of the world population It has not been quantified, but this species is described as «quite common«, but irregular distribution (Stotz et to the., 1996).

Justification of trend

They suspected that the population is declining due to the continuous habitat destruction.

"White-capped Parrot" in captivity:

Rare in captivity. In Europe they arrived first at the beginning of the century 20 and then the early 70. In captivity, However, They were raised for the first time in the second half of the 80.

Alternative names:

– White-capped Parrot, Speckle-faced Parrot (White-capped), White-headed Parrot (English).
– Pione givrée (French).
– Greisenkopfpapagei, Glatzenkopfpapagei, Greisenkopf-Papagei (German).
– White-capped Parrot (Portuguese).
– Loro de Cabeza Blanca, Loro seniloide, Loro gorriblanco (español).
– Cotorra Cabeciblanca (Venezuela).

scientific classification:

– Order: Psittaciformes
– Family: Psittacidae
– Genus: Pionus
– Scientific name: Pionus seniloides
– Citation: (Massena & Souancé, 1854)
– Protonimo: Psittacus seniloides

Images "Seniloid parrot":

Videos "White-capped Parrot"

————————————————————————————————

White-capped Parrot (Pionus seniloides)


Sources:

– Avibase
– Parrots of the World – Forshaw Joseph M
– Parrots A Guide to the Parrots of the World – Tony Juniper & Mike Parr
– Birdlife
– Parrot Book, Parrots and macaws Neotropical
– parrots.org

– Photos:

(1) – By Francesco Veronesi [CC BY-SA 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons White-capped Parrot (Pionus seniloides), Ecuador by
(2) – Iconographie des perroquets :Paris :P. Bertrand,1857 by Biodiversity Heritage Library – Flickr

– Sounds: Andrew Spencer

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Red-spectacled Parrot
Amazona pretrei

Origin: Brazil, Paraguay, Argentina
Character: Take it easy.
Life expectancy: 40 years or more.
Height: 32 cm..

Red-spectacled Parrot

Unknown until years 80, when a few came to Europe

Content

Description:


Anatomy-parrots

32 cm.. length and 295 g. of weight.

The Red-spectacled Parrot (Amazona pretrei) has the forecrown, lores, fore crown and upper cheeks up to the ear-coverts, bright red; back of the crown, nape, the mantle, back and rump, green with a narrow terminal band black in most feathers; scapulars green; uppertail-coverts pale green. Leading edge of wing, carpal area, alula and primary coverts, bright red; other coverts, narrow green with black tips.

Flight feathers, violet blue green tips. Under wings green. The underparts they are mostly green, slightly tinged with yellowish, with black tips on most feathers giving a scalloped effect; the thighs red; undertail-coverts pale yellowish green. Tail green with broad pale yellowish-green tip and patches of red on base of innerwebs of the three feathers outermost. The bill pale yellow with pale orange based on upper jaw; bare periophthalmic white; iris orange; legs gris pardusco.

Red-spectacled Parrot

The female probably it shows much less red in the wing with the carpal edge and primary coverts, mostly or completely green. Immature apparently similar to female adult.

Note Taxonomy:

It´s monotype. It is sometimes considered conspecific with Amazona tucumana, but they are best treated as forming a superspecies.

Sound of the Red-spectacled Parrot

Habitat:

"Red-spectacled Parrot"
Red-spectacled Parrot, Amazona pretrei
Watch this video on YouTube.

This rider is strongly associated with forests Araucaria angustifolia for use as roosts non-breeding season. It prefers open savanna forests and low riparian forests for reproduction, with trees and conifers of the genus Podocarpus, Scutia and Celtis and where they are absent Araucaria angustifolia. Most records place her at altitudes between 300-1.000 m, but they are distributed and breed at lower elevations in southern Rio Grande do Sul.

They disperse in pairs during breeding but are highly gregarious outside of breeding season. They form large concentrations community, often in plantations pinus exotic and Eucalyptus. The largest winter meetings coincide with the ripening seeds araucaria. flocks of 30 to 50 birds, composed of young adults and newborns, They may meet before the dispersion, from breeding areas to winter quarters.

Reproduction:

The Red-spectacled Parrot nest in tree hollows, for example, Casearia, Ouillaja brasiliensis and Ficus. With reproduce at the end of September to January, with young people and fledglings, usually, in early December in the south. Clutch 2-4 eggs.

Food:

Foods reported include seeds of Araucaria angustifolia (especially important in May-August) and Podocarpus lambertii (important in some areas in January-February), fruits of Eugenia, Campomanesia and Melia. The diet is altered with the town and the station. They take a variety of fruit in the spring and summer (October to February), among others: Cupania, Eugenia, Phytolacca, Allophylus, Nectandra, Ocotea, Campomanesia, Cytharexylum, Myrcianthes, Blepharocalyx, Ficus and Symplocos.

The diurnal movements cover up 100 km, perhaps in relation with the availability of food.

Distribution and status:

Size of its range (breeding/resident ): 95.400 km2

This species is endemic to South Brazil and distributed only in the states of Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Catarina (Martínez, 1996). Some individuals have been recorded in the forests Missions, in the northeast of Argentina (Chebez 1994) and they have recently also been reported from Paraguay (sec Lowcn et al., 1997).

It is a kind Nomad; They tend to focus on the remaining forests Araucaria Southeast Santa Catarina between March and June to feed on seeds production Araucaria augustifolia. During August and January, the Red-spectacled Parrot They are dispersed in small flocks ranging from tens to hundreds of individuals in a wide distribution throughout the state Rio Grande do Sul, particularly in habitats Cima da Serra fields, Plateau East, Alto Uruguay, Depression Central and Southeast Saws.

Reductions in seed supply Araucaria They may have been the cause of change in the feeding of Ecological Station Aracuri-Esmeralda in 1991 (Municipality of many capons) to areas around Southeast Santa Catarina. Here the remaining forest patches of Araucaria They can provide enough seed to feed the populations Red-spectacled Parrot. The intensive cattle grazing and agriculture have almost eradicated habitat Araucaria. These habitat impacts have reduced natural regeneration and may also have reduced the number of nesting sites in old trees..

a census in 1994 It estimated the total population of the Red-spectacled Parrot in 10.000 individuals, Repeated surveys have shown the sizes of the nearby population 12.600 individuals in 1996. and about 16.300 individuals in 1997 (J. Martinez in litigation 1997, N. Prestes in the proceedings 1997).

Conservation:

State of conservation ⓘ

Vulnerable Vulnerable ⓘ (UICN)ⓘ

• Current category of the Red List of the UICN: Vulnerable.

• Population trend: Decreasing.

Rationale for the Red List category

The combination of a comparison of population estimates 1971 and 1997 and deforestation rates over the same period suggest that the species has declined rapidly, qualifying the species as Vulnerable. Current threats loss of habitat and capture suggest that this decline is likely to continue.

Justification of trend

Se sospecha una continued rapid population decline due to destruction, degradation and fragmentation of habitat and illegal trade.

Conservation Actions Underway

• Appendix I and II of CITES.

• This species is considered Vulnerable nationwide (Silveira y Straube 2008, MMA 2014) and protected Brazilian law.

• There are breeding populations in five reserves and two southern winter feeding sites are protected. (Wege and Long 1995).

• Nevertheless, less than 1% Annual range, and less than 4% of each seasonal range is within protected areas (Marini et al., 2010).

• Provided artificial nests but not occupied (Snyder et to the ., 2000).

• Since 1991 It is conducting a campaign public awareness (Prestes et al . , 1997, Snyder et to the . 2000).

Conservation Actions Proposed

• Carry out surveys to obtain an estimate of the population size updated.

• Carry out periodic surveys to assess the population trends.

• Study the current levels of off-take for the trade.

• Monitor rates of habitat loss and degradation.

• Protect breeding areas in Caçapava do Sul and Santana da Boa Vista.

• Improve the management of protected areas.

• Apply the law to collectors and, especially, dealerships, Looking for vehicles between December and February (Prestes et al ., 1997).

• Continue the campaign of sensitization.

The Red-spectacled Parrot in captivity:

Unknown until years 80, when a few reached Europe; not well known elsewhere.

relatively silent compared to other Amazonian species. Inquisitivas although generally quiet. have a nice nature, but they can occasionally be quite noisy, especially first thing in the morning and evening. They become confident relatively quickly. outside the breeding season, They can be set in a colony system. chewing hard and excellent flying and stair climbers, so they need ample opportunities for exercise.

Its captive breeding rarely it has succeeded.

It is believed that the main threat to this bird is the illegal domestic trade, particularly in the municipalities of Lagoa Vermelha, Barracao, Esmeralda and many capons. About 500 chicks are taken annually from nests to be sold in large urban centers Caxias do Sul, Florianópolis, Curitiba and São Paulo (Prestcs et al., 1997).

It is a species that should only be kept in captivity for the purpose of achieving its reproduction and subsequent insertion into the wild..

Alternative names:

1 – Red-spectacled Parrot, Pretre’s Amazon, Pretre’s Parrot, Red spectacled Parrot, Red-spectacled Amazon (English).
2 – Amazone de Prêtre (French).
3 – Prachtamazone (German).
4 – papagaio-da-serra, charã, Charao, charão, chorão, maragato, Papagaio-charão, papagaio-chorão, serrano (Portuguese).
5 – Amazona Charao, Amazona de Cabeza Roja, Charao, CharaoChorao (español).


scientific classification:

Temminck Coenraad Jacob
Temminck Coenraad Jacob

– Order: Psittaciformes
– Family: Psittacidae
– Genus: Amazona
– Scientific name: Amazona pretrei
– Citation: (Temminck, 1830)
– Protonimo: Psittacus pretrei


Images Red-spectacled Parrot:

Amazona-Charao-(9)
Amazona-Charao-(8)
Amazona-Charao-(7)
Amazona-Charao-(6)
Amazona-Charao-(5)
Amazona-Charao-(4)
Amazona-Charao-(3)
Amazona-Charao-(2)
Parrots in the world

Species of the genus Amazona


Sources:

– Avibase
– Parrots of the World – Forshaw Joseph M
– Parrots A Guide to the Parrots of the World – Tony Juniper & Mike Parr
– Birdlife

Photos:

(1) – Red-spectacled Amazon that is kept as a pet in Caxias do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil By Marie (originally posted to Flickr as Perroquet familial) [CC BY-SA 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(2) – A pet Red-spectacled Amazon in a parrot cage. It is 32 cm land and 295 gm in wt By Amazona_pretrei_-bird_cage-8c.jpg: Andrea O Guimarães derivative work: Snowmanradio [CC BY-SA 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(3) – Red-spectacled Amazon that is kept as a pet in Caxias do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Some of its wing feathers are clipped By Amazona_pretrei_-Rio_Grande_do_Sul_-Brazil-8e.jpg: Mariederivative work: Snowmanradio [CC BY-SA 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(4) – Red-spectacled Amazon that is kept as a pet in Caxias do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil By Marie [CC BY-SA 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(5) – Amazona pretrei, a native of the southernmost Brasil. Specimen in Palmitos Park, Gran Canaria By Bjoertvedt (Own work) [CC BY-SA 3.0 or GFDL], via Wikimedia Commons
(6) – A pet Red-spectacled Amazon in captivity. It has a ring on its right leg By Andrea O Guimarães (originally posted to Flickr as I’m watching you) [CC BY-SA 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(7) – Red-spectacled Amazon that is kept as a pet in Caxias do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil By Marie (originally posted to Flickr as Temporaire) [CC BY-SA 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(8) – Red-spectacled Amazon that is kept as a pet in Caxias do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil By Marie (originally posted to Flickr as Calins… :)) [CC BY-SA 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(9) – A pet Red-spectacled Amazon in a parrot cage. It is 32 cm land and 295 gm in wt By Andrea O Guimarães [CC BY-SA 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(10) – Amazona pretrei = Psittacus pretei = Priest Parrot By Jean-Gabriel Prêtre (1768–1849) [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons

Sounds: Vitor Q. Piacentini, XC27028. accessible www.xeno-canto.org/27028.

▷ The world of Pets: Dogs, cats, birds, reptiles, amphibians

Red-necked Parrot
Amazona arausiaca

Origin: Dominica
Character: Social.
Life expectancy: ----
Height: 40 cm..

Red-necked Parrot
Red-necked Parrot (Amazona arausiaca) | By mikko.pyhala

Content

Description:


Anatomy-parrots

40 cm.. length and 650 g. of weight.

The Red-necked Parrot (Amazona arausiaca) has the lores, forecrown, front of crown, orbital area and upper cheeks, bright blue; back of the crown, nape and sides neck, with dark blue or blackish margins.

Mantle, back and scapulars, green with narrow faint dark margins giving subtle barred effect. Wing coverts green; carpal edge brighter yellowish green. Primaries green with blue tips; the three outer secondaries, red at the base, yellow and blue at the tips; four secondaries yellow and blue tips. The remaining secondary they are green. Under the wings, the coverts green; flight feather Bluish.

Red-necked Parrot

Chin and top of the throat, blue; the bottom throat and, sometimes, upper region chest, with patch resizable bright red; remaining chest and of the belly, green; undertail-coverts, brighter yellowish green. Tail bright green in the center, their outer feathers green tip yellowish green and red marks on the basis of the innerwebs. Bill horn; iris orange; legs grey

Both sexes are similar. It is thought that the immature It is similar to adult but with irises brown. The young fledglings They are significantly smaller than of adults during its first year.

  • Sound of the Red-necked Parrot.

Habitat:

Video "Red-necked Parrot"
Amazona arausiaca www.pyaf.net/
Watch this video on YouTube.

The Red-necked Parrot inhabits the canopy mountain rainforest, preferring forest areas with trees Tabonuco (Dacryodes excelsa), especially among 300-800 m (the highest density is found and altitudes 500-600 m) although occasionally they reported to 1.200 meters and formerly was a regular visitor (August October ) of the Coast zones.

Usually in small flocks or pairs; more numerous flocks feeding areas, outside the breeding season. Communal roosting in traditional sites, for example in large trees Dacryodes excelsa or Sloanea berteriana, They are using from year to year (but not necessarily all year).

Reproduction:

Nests in a large tree cavity with most nests reported in Dacryodes or Sloanea. breeding season February-June. low productivity probably just a clutch every two years and usually only one young per nest.

Food:

The diet It includes fruits of Dacryodes excelsa, Licania ternatensis, Richeria grandis, Amanoa caribaea, Simarouba amara, Symphonia globulifera, Chimarrhis cymosa, Pouteria pallida, Cordia elliptica, C. laevigata, Pithecellobium jupunba, Byrsonima martinicensis, Dussia martinicensis, Ormosia monosperma, Buchenavia capitata and Palmas Euterpes, egg yolks of Anacardium occidentale and fruits and buds of Lonchocarpus, as well orange crops, etc. Forages mainly in the canopy but also in sub-canopy and occasionally ground level. Usually it is fed in the morning and evening.

Distribution and status:

Size of its range (reproduction / resident): 190 km2

The Red-necked Parrot It is endemic to the Dominica Island in the Lesser Antilles. Formerly it spreads through the mountainous interior, including the northern peninsula. Contraction range from about 1950 with the existing population centered Morne Diablotin (1.447 m, the highest mountain Dominica) which it may have always been his main strength but whose southern slopes birds have been absent from the hurricane 1992.

small populations, reportedly, in the north of the peninsula (where apparently they are resident) and in the eastern center of the island. They can remain very small populations in the south. Recent sporadic observations of birds in low-lying areas of the north and east; other towns in the south suggest the gradual recolonization of the parts of the former range.

mainly residents but maybe (at least once) some regular seasonal foraging movements and some November-January nomadism. Although historical accounts tell of the abundance of this species, the drastic contraction in range and population have occurred since the mid-twentieth century with its gradual retreat in the most remote forests of northern and eastern. The decline is due to the loss of habitat, the hunting and capture bird cage.

The small existing population It is especially vulnerable to the loss of food plants and nesting sites due to hurricane damage. Although the effects of habitat loss may have been especially severe because of the preference of birds through the forests of low level (which it has been under pressure) They tolerate any disturbance and returned to the old feeding areas recently after conversion to plantations of fruit trees. The hunting It was probably the greatest threat to the seventies. Capture for local pet trade now under control due to a successful education campaign.

The population 1977 It was at least 350 birds (probably), but halved by the effects of hurricanes between 1979 and 1980. A Recovery since then 350 estimated birds 1990 and evidence of further increases to more than 500 in 1992. The remaining habitat is partially protected in the North Forest Reserve, but does not include neighboring critically important areas for conservation. Completely protected by national legislation.

Conservation:

State of conservation ⓘ

Vulnerable Vulnerable ⓘ (UICN)ⓘ

• Current category of the Red List of the UICN: Vulnerable.

• Population trend: Increasing.

• Population size: 850-1000.

  • Rationale for the Red List category

The conservation actions He has helped this species to recover a population down from 1980. Still rated as vulnerable because its population is still very small and its range of small extent and restricted to a single island. But, if future declines in habitat available, could be reclassified as danger of extinction.

  • Justification of the population

Estimating population most recent is 850-1,000 mature individuals (PR Reillo a slightly. 2012), more or less equivalent to 1.200-1.500 individuals in total.

  • Justification trend

The population size has increased possibly only 150 birds in 1980, possibly even 1.200 birds currently, based on recent surveys and density estimates (PR Reillo in some. 2016). There is no new data on the evolution of the population, but the species is supposed to still rising.

Threats
    The loss of habitat in the lower elevations has been caused mainly by clearance for agriculture (Collar 1997). Although replanting fruit crops has benefited the species (Reillo y Durand 2008), the frugivorous diet of the Red-necked Parrot, conflict is causing local farmers (Douglas 2011). Damage caused by hurricanes has also been important: another hurricane the magnitude of Hurricane David could reverse recent population increases. Hunting and illegal trade are now low-level threats, but the illegal wildlife trade throughout the Caribbean is a constant concern and there is increasing pressure from illegal wildlife trade centered in Europe (PR Reillo in some. , 2016).
Conservation Actions Underway
    CITES Appendix I and II. It is fully protected by national legislation. Much of the remaining habitat is in the northern and central forest reserves, national parks and Morne Trois Pitons and Morne Diablotin, but adjacent areas, critically important, They are not protected (Juniper and Parr 1998). Since 1980, It has benefited from the joint efforts of government and non-governmental organizations to protect their habitat and sensitize the local population of the needs of this species. Research methods have recently improved to maximize ecological information acquired, while minimizing the disturbance of birds, and the study has provided important information on nesting behavior and parental care. Similarly, census methodologies have improved to give more accurate estimates of population size and density (Reillo y Durand 2008). The population is monitored annually. A recent doctoral thesis project examined the interaction of species with fruit crops in Dominica (PR Reillo in some. 2012).
Conservation Actions Proposed
    Continue the implementation of the protection of national parks Morne Diablotin and Morne Trois Pitons and forest reserves in central and northern. Continue to monitor the population each year. To investigate the effects of nest site (and the food) competition between this species and Imperial Parrot (Amazona imperialis). Continue to prohibit the trade in this species, exports of ex situ captive breeding, and importation of non-native parrots as pets in Dominica (PR Reillo in some. 2012).

Red-necked Parrot in captivity:

CITES Appendix I and II. It is fully protected by national legislation.

Alternative names:

– Bouquet’s Parrot, Dominican Blue-faced Amazon, Dominican Blue-faced Parrot, Jacquot, Red necked Parrot, Red-necked Amazon, Red-necked Parrot (English).
– Amazone à cou rouge, Amazone de Bouquet (French).
– Blaukopfamazaone, Blaukopfamazone (German).
– Papagaio-de-colar-vermelho (Portuguese).
– Amazona de Cuello Rojo, Amazona Gorgirroja, Amazona gorjirroja, Jaco, loro de cuello rojo (español).

scientific classification:

– Order: Psittaciformes
– Family: Psittacidae
– Genus: Amazona
– Scientific name: Amazona arausiaca
– Citation: (Statius Müller, 1776)
– Protonimo: parrot arausiacus

Images Red-necked Parrot:

Amazona-gorjirroja-(5)
Amazona-gorjirroja-(4)
Amazona-gorjirroja-(3)
Amazona-gorjirroja-(2)
Parrots in the world

Species of the genus Amazona


Sources:

  • Avibase
  • Parrots of the World – Forshaw Joseph M
  • Parrots A Guide to the Parrots of the World – Tony Juniper & Mike Parr
  • Birdlife

Photos:

(1) – Red-necked Amazon (Amazona arausiaca) – Author: mikko.pyhala – HBW
(2) – Red-necked Amazons at the Parrot Conservation and Research Centre Botanical Gardens, Roseau, Dominica By Andrew Szymanski (originally posted to Flickr as DSCF0031) [CC BY-SA 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(3) – Red-necked Amazons at the Parrot Conservation and Research Centre Botanical Gardens, Roseau, Dominica By Amazona_arausiaca_-Roseau_-Dominica_-aviary-6a.jpg: Andrew Szymanskiderivative work: Snowmanradio [CC BY-SA 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(4) – Amazona arausiaca Sunday, West Indies by Don Faulkner – Flickr
(5) – BARRABAND, Jacques (1767/8-1809) [Parrot Bouquet (Red-necked Amazon, Amazona arausiaca)] From Natural History of Parrots (by Francois Levaillant, 1801-1805) – Wikimedia
(6) – Natural history of parrots /. In Paris :chez Levrault … ;an IX (1801)-an XIII (1805).. by Biodiversity Heritage Library – Flickr

Sounds: Aristides Elias Elias, XC211593. accessible www.xeno-canto.org/211593

▷ The world of Pets: Dogs, cats, birds, reptiles, amphibians

Hellmayr's Parakeet
Pyrrhura amazonum

Origin: Brazil, Bolivia
Character: Social
Life expectancy: ---
Height: 22 cm..

Hellmayr's Parakeet

Content

Description:


Anatomy-parrots

22 cm.. length.

The Hellmayr's Parakeet (Pyrrhura amazonum) It is a mainly green parakeet; the area from crown at the nape it is dark brown; the belly, the rump and tip tail, They are dark red; below, the tail It is also dark red.

They have a patch whitish in ear-coverts; a blue band in front of eyes. The face It is dark reddish brown; the upper region chest It is greenish gray with gray scalloping; the bottom of the chest It is scaled with yellowish effect; the in bend of wing green; brown-red patch in the center of abdomen; of remiges blue (visible only in flight). Orbital ring blackish; the cheeks and ocular region are dark brown.
Bill grey-black; eyes orange brown.

The immature birds They have a darker plumage.

Taxonomic status:

Considered a subspecies of the Painted Parakeet by some authors

  • Sound of the Hellmayr's Parakeet.

Description 3 subspecies:

  • Pyrrhura amazonum amazonum

    (Hellmayr, 1906) – Nominal.


  • Pyrrhura amazonum lucida

    (Arndt, 2008 parrots[Arndt]) – Little or no blue on the front of the crown. Slightly smaller and paler than the Pyrrhura amazonum snethlageae


  • Pyrrhura amazonum snethlageae

    – perico madeira – (Joseph & Bates,JM, 2002) – The bare periophthalmic is of color beige.

Habitat:

They are distributed in tropical moist forests and adjacent habitats. It´s social. Observed in pairs or groups. It is quite common in most of its range and inhabits several protected areas.. The Pyrrhura amazonum amazonum It is in the Amazon National Park, For, Brazil, while the Pyrrhura amazonum lucida It is in the The Cristalino State Park, Mato Grosso, Brazil.

Reproduction:

They build their nests in tree cavities.

Food:

With feed seed, flowers, fruit, berries and nuts. They are also considered local pests, as they regularly raid cornfields and orchards, occasionally causing considerable damage.

Distribution:

Size of its range (players / residents): 392.000 km2

Distribution 3 subspecies:

Conservation:

State of conservation ⓘ

Endangered Endangered ⓘ (UICN)ⓘ

• Current category of the Red List of the UICN: In danger of extinction.

• Population trend: Decreasing.

• Population size : Unknown.

Justification of the Red List of the Category

Based on a model of deforestation in the amazon basin, and their potential susceptibility to capture for the bird trade, It is suspected that the population of the Hellmayr's Parakeet It has declined rapidly over three generations, and therefore it has been classified as danger of extinction.

Justification of the population

Recent world population is unknown given taxonomic divisions.

Justification trend

This species is suspected that he has been able to lose 43,0 to 52,1% of suitable habitat within their distribution over three generations (18 years) based on a model of deforestation of the Amazon (Soares-Filho et to the . 2006, Bird et to the. 2011). Given the susceptibility of this species to capture, It suspected population decline by 50% in three generations.

Threats

The main threat to this species is that it is accelerating the Deforestation in the Amazon basin for livestock and soybean production, provided by the expansion of the road network (Soares-Filho et to the. 2006, Bird et to the. 2011).

The changes proposed by the Forest code of Brazil they reduce the percentage of land that a private owner has a legal obligation to keep as forest and include an amnesty for owners who deforested before July 2008 (who would later be absolved of the need to reforest illegally cleared land) (Bird et to the. 2011).

His capture for bird trade wild can represent a significant threat.

Conservation actions and ongoing research

It is not known any.

The proposed conservation and research actions

Expand the network of protected areas to effectively protect IBA.

Effectively manage the resources of existing protected areas and new, the use of new opportunities for financing the management of protected areas with the common goals of reducing carbon emissions and maximize biodiversity conservation.

conservation on private lands is also essential, through the expansion of market pressures for rational land management and prevention of logging on land not suitable for agriculture (Soares-Filho et to the. 2006).

Campaign against proposed changes to Forest code of Brazil that would lead to a decrease in the width of protected riparian forest areas such as Permanent Preservation Areas (APPs), that function as vital corridors in fragmented landscapes.

"Hellmayr's Parakeet" in captivity:

It is a bird in danger of extinction. Each captive specimen of this species which is capable of reproducing, must be placed in a well-managed captive breeding program and not sold as a pet, in order to ensure its long-term survival.

Alternative names:

– Hellmayr’s Parakeet, Santarem Parakeet, Santarem Parakeet (Santarem) (English).
– Conure de Hellmayr (French).
– Santaremsittich (German).
– Tiriba-de-hellmayr (Portuguese).
– Cotorra de Santarém, Perico Santarém (español).

scientific classification:

Carl Edward Hellmayr

– Order: Psittaciformes
– Family: Psittacidae
– Genus: Pyrrhura
– Scientific name: Pyrrhura amazonum
– Citation: Hellmayr, 1906
– Protonimo: Pyrrhura pictured on Amazon


Images Hellmayr's Parakeet:


Hellmayr's Parakeet Santarem Parakeet (Pyrrhura amazonum) Cristalino Jungle Lodge, Mato Grosso, Brazil

Hellmayr's Parakeet Santarem Parakeet – Cristalino Lodge, Brazil

Videos "Hellmayr's Parakeet"

Parrots in the world

Especies del género Pyrrhura

Hellmayr's Parakeet (Pyrrhura amazonum)


Sources:

– Avibase
– Parrots of the World – Forshaw Joseph M
– Parrots A Guide to the Parrots of the World – Tony Juniper & Mike Parr
– Birdlife

– Photos:

(1) – Pyrrhura or Amazon by snethlageae Blake Matheson – Flickr
(2) – Santarem Parakeet (Pyrrhura amazonum) Cristalino Jungle Lodge, Mato Grosso, Brazil by Amy McAndrews – Flickr
(3) – Santarem Parakeet – Cristalino Lodge, Brazil by Jorge Montejo – Flickr

– Sounds: Jeremy Recall, XC235131. accessible www.xeno-canto.org/235131

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