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Yellow-crested cockatoo
Cacatua sulphurea

Yellow-crested cockatoo

Content

Description

Medium-sized, 35 cm.. long.

Yellow-crested cockatoo

The Yellow-crested cockatoo (Cacatua sulphurea) It is distinguished by its long, thin yellow erectile crest, that curves forward, and extending upward, above the nape, when it folded. The front of his crown and main feathers crest, are white. The rest of your plumage It is also white, except in yellow suffusion ear-coverts, under the wings and in the innerwebs of the undertail-coverts. The bases of the hackles and underparts, They are yellowed; some birds show a slight yellow tone, particularly on chest and the belly. The bill It is black; eye ring pale bluish; irises dark brown; legs grey. The female is similar to the male but with the irises reddish and slightly smaller.

The young birds They show both sexes irises dark taupe, although females They begin to acquire the red coloration in the first year. The bill and legs immature are also lighter.

Description 4 subspecies
  • Cacatua sulphurea abbotti

    (Oberholser, 1917) – Similar to the parvula, but largest.

  • Cacatua sulphurea citrinocristata
  • Cacatua sulphurea citrinocristata

    (Fraser, 1844) – Slightly larger than the nominal, with one crest orange & ear-coverts orange yellow. Additional research may provide a basis for improving this subspecies to a specific status..

  • Cacatua sulphurea parvula

    (Bonaparte, 1850) – Similar to the nominal species, but with the ear-coverts paler and less yellow on yellow feathers underparts. the size of the bill in this subspecies it increases clinically towards the west.

  • Cacatua sulphurea sulphurea

    (Gmelin, 1788) – Nominal.

Habitat:

Video – "Yellow-crested cockatoo" (Cacatua sulphurea)

SULPHURE COCKATUA

They inhabit at the edges of the forest, wooded areas, farmland, cocoteros, semi-arid areas and forests until the 800 m (locally 1.200 m).

The Yellow-crested cockatoo usually they found in pairs or small groups of up to ten individuals, although they may meet in larger flocks to feed on fruit trees. They can form flocks with Eclectus Parrot (Eclectus roratus).

They tend to be noisy and visible, but can be difficult to spot when moving silently in the canopy, and they are more often in flight. The groups who leave their resting places in the montane forest areas frequently displace forage at lower altitudes including cultivated fields. Pairs may hover conspicuously above the forest canopy searching for fruitful trees, allowing a reasonably close approach when resting on a branch.

The crest It is generally stands when landing, or when an individual is making calls from a perch. Like most of the Cockatoos They enjoy a bath in the rain.

Reproduction:

Specimens of Yellow-crested cockatoo on the island of button in State reproductive during the months of September and October, although Nusa Tenggara the breeding It occurs in the months of April and May. The female It lays two or three white eggs in the hollow of a tree, and incubation lasts around 28 days with both parents participating. Chicks they leave the nest to 10 weeks and are dependent parent for about two months.

Food:

They feed in trees and soil. Its diet It includes seeds, corn (Zea mays) of cultivated fields, fruit, berries, egg yolks, flowers and nuts (including large coconuts (cocos nucifera)).

Distribution and status:

Size of its range (breeding/resident ): 1.360.000 km2

The Yellow-crested cockatoo They are confined Indonesian, where they can be seen in the lowlands Isla Celebes (virtually extinct in the north), islands in the Flores sea, in Nusa Tenggara and isolated islands Masalembu in the Java Sea.

introduced in Singapore and Hong Kong. The species is found in both wooded areas and cultivated and is scarce throughout its range. It is estimated that the world population total is less than 40.000 birds and is decreasing. Although populations of the nominal subspecies and of the subspecies parvula may still be close to 10.000 specimens, the citrinocristata subspecies It has an estimated population between 800 and 7.200 only individuals, having declined by 80% between the years 1986 and 1989, while the distinctive subspecies abbotti It is now represented by only nine individuals in nature.

Although habitat loss is clearly a factor in Sumba, where distribution appears to be linked to the extent of primary forest (is only about 15% the original forest), trade is the main threat to the species as a whole. Trade data show that exported almost 100.000 birds in years 1980-1992. The export citrinocristata subspecies It was banned in 1992 by local authorities, and 26 birds were confiscated in September of that year. There are probably at least 50 individuals of each subspecies in public collections and more than 2.000 in private aviculture, although the numbers for the subspecies abbotti They are unknown.

Distribution 4 subspecies

Conservation:

State of conservation ⓘ


critical hazard critically endangered (UICN)ⓘ

• Current category of the Red List of the UICN: critically endangered.

• Population trend: Decreasing.

Its crashing fall It is almost entirely attributable to the unsustainable exploitation for domestic and international trade. Logging to the conversion of forests for agriculture as well as the use of pesticides for land and large-scale.

Justification of the population

Based on recent surveys in various parts of the range of the species, C. Trainor in some (2007) It has been estimated the world population in less than 7.000 individuals: 3.200-5.000 en Sumba (though perhaps only 562 in 2012, Burung Indonesia en preparación), 500 en Komodo, 200-300 en Timor Leste, 200-300 en Sulawesi, 20-50 in West Timor, 40-70 Flores, 50-100 en Sumbawa, 100 in Rinca and other 700 birds in total. The best data is located in the band 2.500-9.999 individuals, equivalent to 1.667-6.666 mature individuals, rounded here to 1.500-7.000 mature individuals.

Conservation actions and research in progress

CITES Appendix I (2005). It has developed and adopted a recovery plan cooperative and has prepared an update 2012 (D. Mulyawati in some. 2012). The populations are found in various protected areas, It is the most important Rawa Aopa Watumohai (55 copies in 2011 [Waugh 2013]) and National Parks Caraente (en Sulawesi), supporting up 100 individuals (transgressed 2006) , Reserva Natural de Wildlife en Pulau Moyo, Komodo National Park and two national parks in Sumba: Manupeu-Tanadaru y Laiwangi-Wanggameti. Nini Konis Santana National Park declared in Timor has a 100 estimated birds (Trainor et al., Without date) . In Rawa Aopa Watumohai nests they have been protected from predators by removing vegetation pendant necklaces and installation of plastic around the tree trunks nesting (Waugh 2013). Moratoriums on international trade are in effect, although it is likely that a large proportion of trade is a national. Several subpopulations of Sulphur-crested Cockatoo have increased in Sumba between 1992 and 2002, due to conservation efforts (including local education, ecotourism and law enforcement), although densities remained below those typical for other cockatoo species (Cahill et al ., 2006) . Capture for trade has declined dramatically in Sumba through a variety of awareness and protection measures of the community (D. Mulyawati in some. 2012).

Following the surveys of 2008 and 2009, the Indonesia Parrot Project and Konservasi Kakatua Indonesia have started meetings with community leaders and villagers in Masakambing and Masalembu, as well as with the military and local police, to raise awareness and gain support for Sulphur-crested Cockatoo conservation (Metz et al. Al., 2009) . A conservation program-awareness-pride has also begun to involve adults and school Archipelago Masalembu (Metz et al. , 2009, Translating et al., 2009) And in Southeast Sulawesi (Anon., 2012). Se redactó un «reglamento de aldea» para que sea ilegal atrapar, possess or transport the species and initiate measures to reduce habitat destruction and employ a former village chief to guard and protect nests and study Sulphur-crested Cockatoos (Translating et al., 2009) . Moronone community in Rawa Aopa Watumohai NP, where four members of the village have been hired as Forest Wardens (Anon., 2012), have established similar community-based regulations. The guards protect the species against poachers and perform monitoring activities (Waugh 2013). El estatus de plagas de la especie puede ser abordado mediante la siembra de cultivos para compensar las pérdidas y para actuar como un «cultivo de sacrificio», for example, sunflower fields are used to attract the species out of other crops (Waugh 2013). Mangrove restoration is also being used to increase nesting habitat available (Waugh 2013). a repeat of the population census is planned abbotti , together with studies on its biological history and ecology (Metz et al., 2009) .

Proposed Research and Conservation Actions

Carry out further studies (including Roti, but also more studies on Alor and Pantar) to identify the most appropriate action for conservation areas and to periodically monitor key population surveys repeating ago 8-10 years. Provide relevant support for protected areas and conservation initiatives within its range and protect nests when possible. Strengthen the protection of forest Poronumbu, Sumba, declaring Nature Reserve (Translating y Agustina 2012). Strengthen control, the enforcement and monitoring of trade and establishing greater management of captive populations. Improve law enforcement in designated protected areas and other key areas for trade, including ports, markets, etc. Promote widespread community conservation initiatives. These may include, en la isla de Pasoso, Sulawesi Central, work to protect the Sulphur-crested Cockatoo should involve all five families living on the island and introduce community involvement programs for children and adults on several other islands where the species occurs (Translating y Agustina 2012). The recommendations formulated specifically for the protection of the species in the Komodo National Park consisted of carrying out an annual monitoring, maintain regular patrols, sensitize local communities and studying human activities and impacts within the park (Imansyah et al ., 2005, Benstead 2006) . Conduct ecological research to clarify options for management and conservation. Other objectives should be to study the abundance and distribution of nest holes and water sources.. The provision of artificial sources of water near the nesting sites, that is to say, water ponds, It is essential for the species on the island of Komodo and may also be necessary to protect the nests of young Komodo dragons in Komodo (Translating y Agustina, 2012).

"Yellow-crested cockatoo" in captivity:

The male Yellow-crested cockatoo It is especially aggressive with the female, sometimes to kill her. This phenomenon is known in many cockatoo species..

among the white cockatoos, this is somewhat difficult to breed in captivity. As a pet can be a formidable partner provided it has been raised for that purpose and to provide much attention.

It is very difficult for them to disconnect in the presence of their owners and entertain themselves without seeking continuous interaction.
Great ability to imitate human sound within the world of cockatoos.

Note: Because of its status, CRITICALLY ENDANGERED, only controlled captive breeding is recommended in an attempt to recover this species in the wild.

Alternative names:

Yellow-crested Cockatoo, Lesser sulphur-crested cackatoo, Sulphur-crested Cockatoo (ingles).
Cacatoès soufré, Petit Cacatoès à huppe jaune (French).
Gelbwangenkakadu, Orangehaubenkakadu (German).
Cacatua-de-crista-amarela (Portuguese).
Cacatúa de Moño Naranja, Cacatúa Sulfúrea (español).

Gmelin Johann Friedrich
Gmelin Johann Friedrich

scientific classification:


Order: Psittaciformes
Family: Cacatuidae
Genus: Cockatoo
Scientific name: Cacatua sulphurea
Citation: (Gmelin, JF, 1788)
Protonimo: Psittacus sulphureus


Images Sulphur-crested Cockatoo:



Species of the genus Cacatua
  • Cacatua tenuirostris
  • Cacatua pastinator
  • —- Cacatua pastinator derbyi
  • —- Cacatua pastinator pastinator
  • Cacatua sanguinea
  • —- Cacatua sanguinea gymnopis
  • —- Cacatua sanguinea normantoni
  • —- Cacatua sanguinea sanguinea
  • —- Cacatua sanguinea transfreta
  • —- Cacatua sanguinea westralensis
  • Cacatua goffiniana
  • Cacatua ducorpsii
  • Cacatua haematuropygia
  • Cacatua galerita
  • —- Cacatua galerita eleonora
  • —- Cacatua galerita fitzroyi
  • —- Cacatua galerita galerita
  • —- Cacatua galerita triton
  • Cacatua ophthalmica
  • Cacatua sulphurea
  • —- Cacatua sulphurea abbotti
  • —- Cacatua sulphurea citrinocristata
  • —- Cacatua sulphurea parvula
  • —- Cacatua sulphurea sulphurea
  • Cacatua moluccensis
  • Cacatua alba

  • Sources:

    Avibase
    – Parrots of the World – Forshaw Joseph M
    – Parrots A Guide to the Parrots of the World – Tony Juniper & Mike Parr
    – Birdlife

    Photos:

    (1) – Cacatua sulphurea by Charles LamFlickr
    (2) – Citron-crested Cockatoo(Cacatua sulphurea citrinocristata) in the Walsrode Bird Park, Germany By Quartl (Own work) [CC BY-SA 3.0], via Wikimedia Commons
    (3) – A Yellow-crested Cockatoo at Auckland Zoo, New Zealand By Ashleigh Thompson (originally posted to Flickr as Captain) [CC BY 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
    (4) – Cacatua sulphurea citrinocristata, Citron-crested Cockatoo. Photograph of upper body and crest By Ruth Rogers (originally posted to Flickr as Citron Cockatoo) [CC BY 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
    (5) – Citron-crested Cockatoo (Cacatua sulphurea citrinocristata). The glass between the camera and this parrot makes the picture just a little bit blurry By Alexander Tundakov (originally posted to Flickr as White Parrot) [CC BY 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
    (6) – Photo of Lesser Sulphur-crested Cockatoo (wings clipped) By Snowmanradio, with permission from Tropical Birdland, Leicestershire, England. (Own work) [GFDL or CC BY-SA 3.0], via Wikimedia Commons
    (7) – Yellow-crested Cockatoo (Cacatua sulphurea) at the KOBE Oji Zoo by opencage.info
    (8) – Lesser Sulphur-crested Cockatoo (wings clipped) By Snowmanradio, with permission from Tropical Birdland, Leicestershire, England. (Own work) [GFDL or CC BY-SA 3.0], via Wikimedia Commons
    (9) – Yellow-crested Cockatoo (Cacatua sulphurea) by Darren – Flickr
    (10) – Yellow-Crested Cockatoo, Cacatua sulphurea by Sek Keung LoFlickr
    (11) – Cacatua sulphurea by Charles LamFlickr
    (12) – Cacatua sulphurea by Charles LamFlickr
    (13) – Cacatua sulphurea by Pichon Charles LamFlickr
    (14) – A painting of a Yellow-crested Cockatoo, also known as the Lesser Sulphur-crested Cockatoo, (originally captioned «Plyctolophus sulphureus. Lesser Sulphur-crested Cockatoo») by Edward Lear 1812-1888. [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons

    Sounds: (Xeno-canto)

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    Sapphire-rumped Parrotlet
    Touit purpurata

    Cotorrita Purpurada

    Content

    Description:

    Sapphire-rumped Parrotlet

    18 cm.. height

    The Sapphire-rumped Parrotlet (Touit purpuratus) has the forecrown, crown, ear-coverts and sides neck, color marron-oliva; lores and cheeks green; rear area of the neck of color green pale with broadcasting brownish. Mantle and top of the back, green; scapulars and tertiary, dark brown; rump blue; uppertail-coverts green.

    Feather blue in it bend of wing; primary coverts brown-black, rest of the coverts green. The flight feather Brown by up in innerwebs and tips, Yes no green; pale green blue for below. Underwing-coverts green. The underparts pale, of color green emerald slightly yellowish, with a layer of ochre in the sides of the belly. The tail Le da an appearance unmistakable, with black edge, green in the center and dark crimson on the sides, with black margins to outerwebs.

    Bill off-white color pale Horn-tipped up to the upper jaw; irises black; legs grey.

    The female has the tail (except central feathers) with the subterminal band green. Immature more yellowish below; the black color in the tail confined to the tips; Green olive from the forecrown up to the nape and ear-coverts lower.

    Description 2 subspecies:

    • Touit purpuratus purpuratus

      (Gmelin, 1788) – Nominal.


    • Touit purpuratus viridiceps

      (Chapman, 1929) – As the nominal species but with the forecrown, crown and back neck, green; flanks with less yellowish green and feathery external of the tail showing a purple glow.

    Habitat:

    Species Rare and hard to see.
    It inhabits, mainly, in the humid lowland canopy and forests and marshes, also observed in savanna in Suriname. In lower and more open to high altitude forests in Venezuela and in isolated areas cleared forests. Reports in altitudes of 400 metres in Colombia, and 1.200 metres in Mount Duida, Venezuela. gregarious, usually in groups of 12-40 birds.

    Reproduction:

    Observed the female digging a hole in a tree of forests and marshes in the month of November in Colombia; Birds in a nest in termitario tree in the month of April in Suriname, and males in breeding condition in the month of March in Venezuela. The laying tends to be of 3-5 eggs.

    Food:

    Observed eating fruit of Clusia grandiflora, Pouroma guianensis and Ficus figs and feeding on trees of Sapotaceae and Myrtaceae. Mainly forage in the canopy, Although also observed in low bushes and occasionally Earth.

    Distribution:

    Size of the area of distribution (reproduction / resident): 4.550.000 km2

    It inhabits in the North of South America, mainly in the Basin Amazon, from the north end of Peru, east of Ecuador (Pastaza) and Colombia to the East of the Andes in West Caquetá (for example, Three corners) and the southeastern tip of Guainia (along the Black river) to the South of the Brazilian Amazon until For and North of maranhão, to the North of the Amazon and along the Vaupes River and the icana river through the basin of the Black river until Manaus; then through the South of Venezuela from amazon along the Orinoco to the South from the Ventauri River, in the Cerro Yapacana National Park and Mount Duida and from the South of Bolívar in the Tepuyes of the Gran Sabana and Caura River, in Guyana, Barima, rivers Mazaruni and Chamber and to the South up to Bartica.

    Comes to be local in Suriname and French Guiana. Discrete, often difficult to observe and apparently sparsely populated in most parts of its range. Perhaps more numerous in those sections more low of it amazon basin.

    Distribution 2 subspecies:

    • Touit purpuratus purpuratus

      (Gmelin, 1788) – Nominal. Southeast of amazon in Venezuela, up to the Guianas and this from the Basin of the Amazon in Brazil.


    • Touit purpuratus viridiceps

      (Chapman, 1929) – Black river, the Northwestern basin of Brazil, Venezuela West from Mount Duida until Colombia, Ecuador and Peru.

    Conservation:

    State of conservation ⓘ


    minor concern Minor Concern ⓘ (UICN)ⓘ

    • Current category of the Red List of the UICN: Least concern.
    • Population trend: Stable.

    Justification of the population

    The size of the world's population has not been quantified, but this species is described as «Rare» (Stotz et to the., 1996).

    Justification of trend

    It is suspected that this species has lost 12,8-15,2% of habitat within its distribution over three generations (15 years) starting from a model of deforestation Amazon (Soares-Filho et to the., 2006, Bird et to the., 2011). Given the susceptibility of the species to hunting and / or capture, It is suspected that it will fall in <25% during three generations.

    In captivity:

    Very rare in captivity.

    Alternative names:

    Sapphire-rumped Parrotlet, Purple Guiana Parrotlet, Sapphire rumped Parrotlet (English).
    Toui à queue pourprée (French).
    Purpurschwanzpapagei, Purpurschwanz, Purpurschwanz-Papagei (German).
    Apuim-de-costas-azuis, apuim-de-costa-azul, periquitinho (Portuguese).
    Cotorrita Purpurada, Lorito de Lomo Purpúreo, Periquito Zafiro (español).
    Periquito Zafiro (Colombia).
    Periquito de Lomo Zafiro (Peru).
    Periquito Rabadilla Púrpura (Venezuela).
    Periquito lomizafiro (Ecuador)


    scientific classification:

    Gmelin Johann Friedrich
    Gmelin Johann Friedrich

    Order: Psittaciformes
    Family: Psittacidae
    Genus: Touit
    Scientific name: Touit purpuratus
    Citation: (Gmelin, JF, 1788)
    Protonimo: Psittacus purpuratus


    Images Sapphire-rumped Parrotlet:

    Videos of the "Sapphire-rumped Parrotlet"

    Sapphire-rumped Parrotlet (Touit purpuratus)



    Species of the genus Touit


    Sources:

    • Avibase
    • Parrots of the World – Forshaw Joseph M
    • Parrots A Guide to the Parrots of the World – Tony Juniper & Mike Parr
    • Birdlife

    • Photos:

    (1) – wildlifepics.eu © 2008 Dennis Binda
    (2) – Touit purpuratus By P. Bertrand [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons

    Of 18 cm.. tall Inconfundible by the ends of the tail, which are dorsally and ventrally purple-red with black border.
    Overall green body with Brown Crown and nape, wing with both opaque Brown ends and violet blue rump.
    Female with paler brown head and green-streaked tail.
    The subspecies T. p. viridiceps has a totally green head.

    Uncommon and difficult to observe species.
    Lives in humid forests, semi-humid and swampy, until the 400 m. It forms small groups and they are silent when they feed. It nests in hollows of trees or arboreal termiteros at low altitude. The implementation is of 3-5 eggs and breeding season: from November to April

    It is found in the wild in the Amazon, South-East of Colombia to the Guyanas, southern Venezuela to northeastern Peru and northern Brazil.
    It feeds on fruits, and figs.

    Video: Video 1

    Deforestation and loss of Habitat is a threat for this species.

    Alternative names: Sapphire-rumped Parrotlet (English), Periquito zafiro (Colombia), Periquito lomizafiro (Ecuador), Purpurschwanz, Purpurschwanzpapagei (Germany), Lorito de Lomo Purpúreo (Spain), Periquito Rabadilla Púrpura (Venezuela), Toui à queue pourprée (France), apuim-de-costa-azul (Brazil)

    Source: Parrots, Parrots and macaws Neotropical
    Photo: wildlifepics.eu © 2008 Dennis Binda

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    Long-billed corella
    Cacatua tenuirostris

    Cacatúa Picofina

    Content

    Description

    35 to 41 cm.. length. The weight of 500 to 600 g..
    The Long-billed corella (Cacatua tenuirostris) has white plumage. The undertail coverts and the parts below from the wings they are bathed in pale yellow, very visible in flight. It has red coloration in the throat and the chest, with a Red Crescent ranked in the upper breast.
    The Head shows a small crest white, Red front and a wide, nude and fleshy eye ring blue-grey around the eyes dark browns. The bill is white with blue base. upper jaw is long and hooked. The legs and feet are dark gray.

    The female is similar to the male, with the upper jaw more short and less red.

    There are two similar species:

    Cacatua sanguinea. Lack of forecrown Red and the red color in the neck. The upper jaw is shorter.

    Cacatua galerita. Similar in flight, has crest yellow and lacks of colour red. The bill is black.

    Habitat:

    Video – "Long-billed corella" (Cacatua tenuirostris)

    Long-billed corella ~ Cacatua tenuirostris

    Common in forests and remnant trees on farmland. It nests in Eucalyptus camaldulensis in the flooded Plains or close to streams. Wild populations living on farms and parks in urban areas.

    Behavior:

    It´s resident in their area of distribution, some local movements. Outside of breeding season, You can see in large flocks of up to 2.000 birds or more. Son noisy and visible, pronouncing discordant calls.

    Pose in large eucalyptus near water. They leave the roost in the morning to drink, and then, go to the feeding areas. Again when the darkness comes to sleep, but not before excited participate in games and stunts .

    They move on the floor with stunning movement jump. They do not have the other species waddling gait cockatoo.
    It causes damage to crops of cereals and tree fruit, considered as one pest for farmers.

    Nest colonies. They can create their nests with other species of Corella, and sometimes they hybridize. Populations feral in Sydney and Perth, from the release of unwanted birds, they may hybridize with endangered species such as the Cacatua pastinator

    Reproduction:

    Held from July to November. Forman couples monogamous. The male and female prepared the nest in the Hollows of large old eucalypts. If you do not find a suitable tree, You can make a burrow in soft soil Bank. They fill the nest of wood chips and often reuse it for several years.

    They nest in large colonies, with several nests in the same tree.
    The female lays 2-4 eggs White. The incubation lasts a few 24 days, shared by both parents. The young leave the nest 55 days after hatching, being fed by the parents for three weeks more.

    Food:

    Feeds mainly on what obtained from soil, seeds, estate and bulbs that unearths with its upper jaw. They feed in the coolest hours of the day. Also consumes insects.

    Distribution:

    Size of the area of distribution (reproduction / resident): 382.000 km2

    Is located in the southeast of Australia. Introduced in urban centers of Australia and Tasmania.

    Conservation:

    State of conservation ⓘ


    minor concern Minor Concern ⓘ (UICN)ⓘ

    • Current IUCN Red List category: Least concern.

    • Population trend growing


    Populations may be declining due to loss of breeding grounds in its original distribution area.
    But, the Long-billed corella It common in its range.

    Is created that in the world there are more than 250 thousand individuals.


    "Long-billed corella" in captivity:

    It is very popular as a pet for the most part of Australia, and has been classified as the best «talkative" of the australian cockatoos for its ability to mimic words almost to perfection.
    Has a personality playful and active.

    Out of its area of distribution is rare in poultry farming.

    Alternative names:

    Long billed Corella, Long-billed Cockatoo, Long-billed Corella, Slender-billed Corella (ingles).
    Cacatoès nasique (French).
    Nasenkakadu (German).
    Cacatua-corella-de-bico-longo (Portuguese).
    Cacatúa de Pico Largo, Cacatúa Picofina (español).

    scientific classification:

    Order: Psittaciformes
    Family: Cacatuidae
    Genus: Cockatoo
    Scientific name: Cacatua tenuirostris
    Citation: (Kuhl, 1820)
    Protonimo: Psittacus tenuirostris

    Images Slender-billed Cockatoo:



    Species of the genus Cacatua

    Sources:
    Avibase
    – Photos: Alice Springs in Australia’s Red Centre, commons.wikimedia.org, Ian Barker (ibc.lynxeds.com/)
    – Sounds: Marc Anderson (Xeno-canto)

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    Derbyan Parakeet
    Psittacula derbiana


    Cotorra de Derby

    Content

    Description:

    50 cm.. of length and a weight of 320 g..

    The Derbyan Parakeet (Psittacula derbiana) has the crown and lower cheeks lavender blue with pale iridescent blue shading on the forecrown and pale green bright in the upper cheeks and periophthalmic region; narrow black stripe that extends horizontally from the eyes to the area above the bill; spacious malar stripes («moustache«) Black fuse next to the chin to create a great patch.

    Since the nape until uppertail-coverts green, bright in the the mantle. Upperwing-coverts Green with yellow or marginalized feathers with yellow in median and greater coverts, creating distinct pale patch. The primaries and secondaries emerald green.

    The underparts to belly lavender-bue; the thighs, vent and undertail-coverts grass-green. Uppertail centrally blue, outer feathers Blue in vane outer, green on inner.

    Ilustración Cotorra de Derby

    upper jaw red tipped yellow, the lower black; cere blue-gray, irises straw-colored; legs dark grey.

    The female has the bill black.

    The immature they have the head green and the underparts much paler.
    The very young birds has bill pink, turning black later and then red again in males.

    Habitat:

    Observed in forest, between 1.250 and 4.000 meters above sea level. It is thought that you can make vertical migration seasonal. Views in the Tibet in 3.300 m, even in winter.

    According to reports, have priority for coniferous forests or mixed forests of Pinus and Quercus, also of Alpine growth as the rhododendron. Visit valleys culture, especially during harvest.

    Gregaria, usually seen in noisy flocks of up to several dozen birds. Only rarely are in pairs or individually.

    Reproduction:

    Holes for their nests they are located in tree hollows, usually at a certain height, commonly in a himalayan poplar Populus ciliata.

    The breeding they performed it during the month of June.

    The put in captivity is between 2 and 5 eggs.

    Food:

    Reported foods include barley, the corn, catkins of Populus ciliata, cones of Pinus tabulaefornis and fruit grown according to availability, including peaches; they can be highly destructive crops. It is believed that they may eat some invertebrates, Hoja-brotes and berries.

    Distribution:

    Distributed by the Of the Himalayas and South of the Tibetan plateau. Since Arunachal Pradesh and Assam, India, to the southeast of Tibet and Southwest China in Sichuan Western fence of 32 °N and west of Yunnan to the South up to around Tengchong to 25 ° N.

    Visitors during the summer in the northeast of the India (May-September). Resident elsewhere, apparently with some seasonal altitudinal movements.

    Usually common. Live birds traded in small numbers with a modest population captive outside their area of distribution.

    Conservation:

    State of conservation ⓘ


    Near-threatened Near Threatened (UICN)ⓘ

    • Current Red List of UICN: Near-threatened

    • Population trend: Decreasing

    The population of the Derbyan Parakeet It is suspected that it may be suffering a moderately rapid decline mainly due to the pressure that is subjected , not only due to its continuous capture for the cage bird trade, but also by the indiscriminate felling of trees in the nest, together with evidence of local extinctions and declining birds in some parts of its area of distribution.

    Threats:

      – This species was previously threatened by deforestation campaigns, that it resulted in, loss of much of their breeding habitat; However, This threat ended in the Decade of 1990 (Zeidler and Francis 2011).

      – Today, Middle-aged trees, some of which provide the perfect place for the construction of the nest, they are being felled for the construction of housing and firewood, even in protected forests (Zeidler and Francis 2011).

      – Recent observations indicate that this species is subject to a strong pressure catch and the collection of eggs for the pet trade (J. Eaton in litt. 2010, Zeidler and Francis 2011).

      – The collection of eggs and subsequent incubation, for the breeding of Derby Parrots and subsequent sale, is very organized in some areas (Zeidler and Francis 2011).

      – The species is sold openly and are kept, in large numbers, as a pet in its natural distribution area (J. Eaton in litt. 2010, J. Hornskov in litt. 2010, Zeidler and Francis 2011).

    Actions of conservation in CITES Appendix II course.:

      – Is listed in Schedule I of the law of 1972 for nature (Protection) on India (The India Government, 1993) and the collection for the pet trade is illegal in China (Zeidler and Francis 2011).

      – In some areas, as the Shachong valley (Szechwan), the monks provide protection for wildlife, including trap activities (Zeidler and Francis 2011).

    Conservation Actions Proposed:

      – Population trends and monitor hunting pressure.

      – Addressing the threat of trade through the application of the legislation and awareness-raising activities.

      – Steadily increase the number of sites that are protected.

      – Support monks engaged in activities for the protection of wildlife (Zeidler and Francis 2011).

      – Evaluate the effectiveness of a scheme of nest boxes (Zeidler and Francis 2011).

    "Derbyan Parakeet" in captivity:

    The Derbyan Parakeet is a pet very popular at the local level due to the wonderful color of its plumage, his intelligence and its excellent speaking skills, that distinguishes it from other Asian parrots, usually you do not have that voice clarity.
    While these parrots do not have the ability to learn an extensive vocabulary, his manner of speaking looks like the speech of Amazon parrots. Having said that, there are never guarantees that a Derbyan Parakeet you will learn to speak, but most do – even the females.

    It is a bird that needs much stimulation. She loves to chew and can be very destructive, provided that provide it a variety of toys to chew, It will inhibit its destructive behavior and avoid his boredom.

    It is a species with demand among farmers for several reasons, including its striking plumage, its ease of reproduction and its excellent parenting skills.

    The
    Derby Parrot reach sexual maturity between the 2 and 3 years of age. It reported that it may reach sexual maturity later in nature, possibly to the 5 years.

    The typical breeding season It will begin in April or June and average clutch sizes are of 2 – 4 eggs. The incubation period lasts 23 – 28 days, and the chicks leave the nest to the 8 to 9 weeks of age.

    The Derbyan Parakeet It must be kept in an Aviary, or in a large cage, providing a daily time flying out. They are social birds and like to be “part of a flock.” – which could be a group of birds in an aviary environment or a human family.

    It requires much interaction to keep its meekness. By nature, it is a shy bird to human contact, Although considered usually placid compared to some other parrots.

    If they are kept outdoors they may require periodic deworming – since they spend considerable time at the bottom of your aviaries or cages. Because of this habit, they are also susceptible to fungal infections. Good hygiene is especially important to keep healthy this Parrot.

    Even so, the Derby Parakeet is a rare bird outside its range and with limited breeding.

    Alternative names:

    Derbyan Parakeet, Chinese Parakeet, Lord Derby’s Parakeet, Upper Yangtze Parakeet (English).
    Perruche de Derby (French).
    Chinasittich (German).
    Periquito-da-china (Portuguese).
    Cotorra de Derby, Cotorra Verde China (español).

    scientific classification:

    Order: Psittaciformes
    Family: Psittaculidae
    Genus: Psittacula
    Scientific name: Psittacula derbiana
    Citation: (Fraser, 1852)
    Protonimo: Palaeornis Derbianus

    Derbyan Parakeet images:

    Videos "Derbyan Parakeet"

    Derbyan Parakeet (Psittacula derbiana)



    Especies del género Psittacula

    Sources:

    Avibase
    – Parrots of the World – Forshaw Joseph M
    – Parrots A Guide to the Parrots of the World – Tony Juniper & Mike Parr
    – Birdlife

    Photos:

    (1) – A pair of Lord Derby’s Parakeet (also known as Derbyan Parakeet)s at Wilhelma Zoo, Stuttgart, Germany By krislorenz (_DSC2098Uploaded by Snowmanradio) [CC BY-SA 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
    (2) – A male Derbyan Parakeet (also known as Lord Derby’s Parakeet) in Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China By Michael Vito from South Orange, NJ, USA (Hangzhou RevisitedUploaded by Snowmanradio) [CC BY-SA 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
    (3) – An adult male Derbyan Parakeet at Shenlong Eco Park, People’s Republic of China By Doug Janson (Own work) [CC BY-SA 3.0 or GFDL], via Wikimedia Commons
    (4) – A male Lord Derby’s Parakeet (also known as Derbyan Parakeet) in an aviary By Richard J. Blach (Own work (Original text: eigene Fotografie)) [GFDL or CC-BY-SA-3.0], via Wikimedia Commons
    (5) – Derbyan Parakeet (Psittacula derbiana) at Wellington Zoo, New Zealand. A male bird showing red beak by Peter Halasz – Wikipedia
    (6) – Psittacula derbiana, drawing from nature by J. Gould & H.C. Richter By JoJan (Own work) [CC BY 3.0], via Wikimedia Commons

    Sounds: jon hornbuckle (Xeno-canto)

    ▷ The world of Pets: Dogs, cats, birds, reptiles, amphibians

    Pacific Parrotlet
    Forpus coelestis


    Pacific Parrotlet

    Content

    Description:


    Anatomy-parrots

    12-13 cm.. height.

    The Pacific Parrotlet (Forpus coelestis) It is a small bird, chubby with a tail short and finished in tip. Distinguishable in flight by the blue and Brown on the inside of the wings. It has blue behind the eye and in the middle of the wing at the top. The female does blue stain on the top of the wing and the blue behind the eye is paler. The Immature males they are similar to the adult male, but more pale and with back brownish.

    Habitat:

    The Pacific Parrotlet frequent most dry woodland habitats, such as scrub thorny, bosque deciduous, dense thickets of Captus with balsa trees, plantations of banana and mango, riparian zone, irrigated fields in Savannah and gardens, although their preferred areas are those of humid tropical vegetation such as the coastal mangales.

    Older records of this species are from below sea level of 1.000 m, but are to 2.150 meters on the West side of the Andes in Huancabamba, is of Piura, Peru, and a 1.370-1.650 meters in the South of Loja, Ecuador.

    Usually gregarious; they form large flocks where abundant food.

    Reproduction:

    It nests in the cavity of trees, in cactus, fence posts, pipes or the nests of the Pale-legged Hornero (Furnarius leucopus), of the Tie Neck Pijuí (Synallaxis stictothorax) or Fasciated Wren (Campylorhynchus fasciatus).

    The breeding season includes the months of January to may. Sometimes, they breed a second time throughout the year. The laying of eggs 4-6.

    Food:

    The diet of the Pacific Parrotlet includes seeds grass, berries, fruit (example, of Tamarindus, Amaranthus spinosus) and cactus fruits. It forages among the vegetation and land.

    Distribution:

    Size of the area of distribution (reproduction / resident): 147.000 km2

    This species is found in the West of Ecuador, in Manabi Since the latitude of the Valley of the Chone River to the South across the South of Pichincha, The rivers and Guayas (including the Isla Puna), until Gold and Loja, entering the Northwest of Peru, in Tumbes, Piura, Lambayeque and South of Cajamarca, until Freedom and Trujillo.

    irregularly common, sometimes abundant; most numerous in arid areas. The population has apparently not yet been severely affected by the trade in live birds or the conversion of natural and semi-natural habitats for the Agriculture. The species is probably Forpus most numerous in captivity.

    Conservation:

    State of conservation ⓘ


    minor concern Minor Concern ⓘ (UICN)ⓘ

    • Current category of the Red List of the UICN: Least concern.

    • Population trend: Stable.

    Justification of the population

    The size of the world population It has not been quantified, but this species is described as «common» (Stotz et to the., 1996).

    Justification of trend

    Suspected that the population is stable in absence of evidence of any decline or threatens substantial.

    "Pacific Parrotlet" in captivity:

    Colorful, charming and intelligent. These small birds have become in very popular pets in recent years. Its small size and quiet nature make of the Pacific Parrotlet an ideal choice for people living in apartments. Nicknamed “pocket parrots” in the pet trade, These parakeets are actually the smallest of the family of parrots, and they are as smart as many larger species. Some learn to speak quite well, Although the species is not particularly known for the ability to speak.
    An interesting fact upon the Pacific Parrotlet is that its closest relative is the Amazon parrot. Although the two species differ greatly in size, owners often report striking similarities between them. Despite being small birds, they are by no means “low maintenance birds”. While it is true that they are, course, easy to clean, in comparison with the larger birds, However require your daily care to keep them docile, socialization at an early age is the key to be in a future good behavior.
    They have tendency to obesity. They must be able to get out of their cages, spread your wings, and exercise your muscles to maintain your physical and mental health.

    Their metabolism is very high, and they should have food available at all times. They are known for their appetite voracious, and occur in one diet varied that consists in fruits and vegetables fresh, small seeds such as millet, the high-quality commercial pellets, and protein sources from hard boiled egg.

    There are many mutations.

    Alternative names:

    Pacific Parrotlet, Western Parrotlet (English).
    Toui céleste, Perruche-moineau céleste (French).
    Himmelsperlingspapagei, Himmelspapagei (German).
    Tuim-peruano (Portuguese).
    Catita Enana Amarilla, Cotorrita de Piura, Cotorrita Celestial (español).
    Periquito Esmeralda (Peru).

    scientific classification:

    René Primevère Lesson
    René Primevère Lesson

    Order: Psittaciformes
    Family: Psittacidae
    Genus: Forpus
    Scientific name: Forpus coelestis
    Citation: (Lesson, 1847)
    Protonimo: agapornis heavenly

    Pacific Parrotlet images:

    Videos of the "Pacific Parrotlet"

    Pacific Parrotlet (Forpus coelestis)



    Species of the genus Forpus

    Sources:

    • Avibase
    • Parrots of the World – Forshaw Joseph M
    • Parrots A Guide to the Parrots of the World – Tony Juniper & Mike Parr
    • Birdlife
    • Parrot Book, Parrots and macaws.

    Photos:

    (1) – Male Green Pacific Parrotlet, named Jackson By Susan C. Griffin (Own work) [CC BY-SA 3.0], via Wikimedia Commons
    (2) – Pacific Parrotlets (also known as Lesson’s Parrotlet and Celestial Parrotlet) at Wilhelma Zoo, Stuttgart, Germany By Undertable [CC BY 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
    (3) – A pet Pacific Parrotlet – yellow colour mutation By Becky Wetherington (originally posted to Flickr as 82/365 – Good bird.) [CC BY 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
    (4) – A pet male Pacific Parrotlet (also known as Lesson’s Parrotlet and Celestial Parrotlet) By Erin Purcell (originally posted to Flickr as [1]) [CC BY 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
    (5) – Pacific Parrotlet (also known as Lesson’s Parrotlet and Celestial Parrotlet) in El Empalme, El Oro Province, coastal SW Ecuador By markaharper1 [CC BY-SA 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons

    Sounds: (Xeno-canto)

    ▷ The world of Pets: Dogs, cats, birds, reptiles, amphibians

    Maroon-faced Parakeet
    Pyrrhura leucotis

    Maroon-faced Parakeet

    Content

    Description:

    Maroon-faced Parakeet

    The Maroon-faced Parakeet (Pyrrhura leucotis) measured 21 centimeters length and 50-53 g. of weight, It is the smallest species long-tailed parakeets.

    Their cheeks and forecrown, They are brown brown mostly, blue above eyes and on lower cheeks; crown and nape, dark brown, dotted with orange-brown from the ends of pens; ear-coverts white to pale brown; nape with bluish green tones.

    Mantle and top of the back, green with scattered dark margins on some feathers; lower back, rump and uppertail-coverts, brown. Wing coverts except green primary coverts which they are blue and patch Red in the bend of wing.

    Primaries blue. Under, the wings with the lesser coverts green, the greater coverts dark gray; the flight feathers grey. Feathers of the throat and sides neck, blue base with a yellowish subterminal band and black tips; feathers of the chest with little blue tones and instead to brown in bases; the underparts They are green with a large patch brown in the center of belly. maroon brown with green edges at the base of the outerweb of the lateral feathers; undertail, the tail It is reddish brown opaque.

    Bill black; cere black; bare periophthalmic grey; irises dark orange-brown; legs dark grey.

    The plumage of both sexes are similar.

    Taxonomic status:

    Regarded as a subspecies Pyrrhura [leucotis or emma] by some authors

    • Sound of the Maroon-faced Parakeet.

    Habitat:

    The Maroon-faced Parakeet inhabits forests, clear edges and adjacent with scattered trees including cocoa plantations shaded Bay, sometimes visiting parks and residential areas. They can be observed, mainly, in lowlands (for example, to 600 meters in east Brazil) and in forests at higher elevations in Northeast Brazil. gregarious, generally close to flocks 15-20 birds.

    Reproduction:

    No information about your reproduction in the wild. Clutch 5-9 eggs in captivity.

    Food:

    Probably you have a diet comparable to his close relatives in the wild, where is recorded the Miconia hypoleuca as one of their food. There are reports of birds feeding in cornfields.

    Distribution:

    Size of its range (players / residents): 352.000 km2

    The distribution of the Maroon-faced Parakeet It is limited to Southeast Brazil, from Bay to the South of the Jequitinhonha river, to the South up to Espirito Santo, including Southeast Minas Gerais, Brazil, and previously São Paulo.

    Conservation:

    • Justification of the Red List of the Category

    – This species appears as Near-threatened on the basis that it is suspected that there has been a decrease in moderately rapid population due to the habitat loss and capture.

    • Justification of the population

    • Current category of the Red List of the UICN: Near-threatened..

    • Population trend: Decreasing.

    • Population size : 10000-19999 individuals.

    – The Maroon-faced Parakeet is believed to have a small town; However, Marsden et al .(2000) It estimated that there is a combined population of about 19,300 individuals on Biological Federal Reserve Sooretama the Nature Reserve Linhares in the State of Espirito Santo, based on surveys 1998, It is suggesting that the population has been previously underestimated.

    – Until an updated estimate available, the population was provisionally placed in the band 10,000-19,999 mature individuals, representing a population of about 15,000-30,000 individuals in total, although the structure of the subpopulation not known.

    • Justification trend

    State of conservation ⓘ


    Near-threatened Near Threatened (UICN)ⓘ

    – It is suspected that the species is in a moderate to rapid decline due to the habitat loss and capture. The rate of decline is not thought to be as rapid because the tolerance of this species to modified habitats buffers the impacts of deforestation to some extent..

    • Threats

    – The logging It has been extensive, It is affecting most of board woods, in Bay and Espirito Santo.

    – Most of the original forest cover in which the Maroon-faced Parakeet It was eliminated more than a century ago; in the news, are being eliminated very quickly the remaining patches (pit et to the ., 1997).

    – This bird often seized in captivity, suggesting that there is a major catch birds for trade. (J. Gilardi in little ., 2010).

    Conservation Actions Underway

    protected in parts of Bay (Private Reserve Station Veracruz, and national parks Discovery, Pau Brazil and Monte Pascoal) (Lamb 2002).

    Monte Pascoal It faces an uncertain future, as it has been invaded by Indians Pataxó they have largely eliminated neighboring area.

    – Elsewhere the species is known from reserves Linhares-Sooretama (Espirito Santo), Rio Doce State Park (Minas Gerais, Brazil) and Ting Biological Reserveeructate (Rio de Janeiro).

    Conservation Actions Proposed

    – continue monitoring of this species in the field and in trade.

    – Strengthen the network of protected areas within the Atlantic Forest of Brazil conservation of key sites.

    "Maroon-faced Parakeet" in captivity:

    Very rare.

    Its diet in captivity it is similar to that of their peers.

    Its population in the wild is small and decreasing whereby each captive specimen of this species that is capable of reproducing, must be placed in a well-managed captive breeding program and not sold as a pet, in order to ensure its long-term survival.

    Alternative names:

    Maroon-faced Parakeet, Maroon-faced Parakeet (White-eared), White-eared Parakeet (English).
    Conure emma, Conure leucotique, Conure leucotique (nominal), Conure leucotique (nominale), Conure leucotique (race nominale) (French).
    Weißohrsittich (German).
    tiriba-de-orelha-branca (Portuguese).
    Cotorra orejiblanca, Perico Pintado, Cotorra cariparda (español).


    scientific classification:

    Kuhl, Heinrich
    Heinrich Kuhl

    Order: Psittaciformes
    Family: Psittacidae
    Genus: Pyrrhura
    Scientific name: Pyrrhura leucotis
    Citation: (Kuhl, 1820)
    Protonimo: Psittacus leucotis


    Images Maroon-faced Parakeet:

    Videos "Maroon-faced Parakeet"



    Especies del género Pyrrhura

    Maroon-faced Parakeet (Pyrrhura leucotis)


    Sources:

    Avibase
    – Parrots of the World – Forshaw Joseph M
    – Parrots A Guide to the Parrots of the World – Tony Juniper & Mike Parr
    Birdlife

    Photos:

    (1) – Maroon-faced parakeet By Gabriel Resende Veiga (Own work) [CC BY-SA 4.0], via Wikimedia Commons

    (2) – Several White-eared Parakeets (Pyrrhura_leucotis) at Palmitos Park, Gran Canaria, Spain By Bjoertvedt (Own work) [CC BY-SA 3.0 or GFDL], via Wikimedia Commons

    (3) – A White-eared Parakeet in Parque das Aves, Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil By Kee Yip from Union City, California, USA (IMG_4336_P1030859Uploaded by snowmanradio) [CC BY 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons

    (4) – White-eared Parakeet (Pyrrhura leucotis), Vale Reserve, Holy Spirit, Brazil by Brendan RyanFlickr

    (5) – By Almond ButterscotchFlickr

    (6) – Parrots in captivity /. London :George Bell and Sons,1884-1887 [i.e. 1883-1888] by Biodiversity Heritage LibraryFlickr

    Sounds: Roney Souza, XC265102. accessible www.xeno-canto.org/265102

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    Rufous-fronted Parakeet
    Bolborhynchus ferrugineifrons

    Catita Frentirrufa

    Content

    Description:

    18 cm.. height.
    The Rufous-fronted Parakeet (Bolborhynchus ferrugineifrons) has an unmistakable band narrow in the forecrown, face and around the base of the bill, brown-red color; cheeks and throat, brighter yellowish green; crown, rear area of the neck, the mantle, scapulars, wing-coverts and skull, green; uppertail-coverts a green slightly paler. Outerwebs to primaries, bluish green. Under, the wings bluish green. Breast of color green beige tinted in green olive; rest of underparts brighter yellowish green. Upper, the tail green; by down green dyed blue. Bill brownish (slightly thickness and width) with grey base to the upper jaw; bare periophthalmic grey; irises dark brown; legs grey.

    Both sexes are similar. Immature not described.

    Habitat:

    Video – "Rufous-fronted Parakeet" (Bolborhynchus ferrugineifrons)

    Occupies the area warm upper and low of the Páramo of the high mountains in bushes, sparsely forested slopes near tree line, and habitats more open including fields of potatoes; those records are in altitudes of 2.800 to 4.000 m, most above 3,200m. Probably roams outside of breeding season. Highly gregarious, they forage in flocks of 5 to 50 individuals, Noting with relative frequency in the soil. Communal dormideros on the cliffs.

    Reproduction:

    They have reported nesting on cliffs. The male reproductive condition taken in mid-January.

    Food:

    It feeds mainly on ground of seeds grass, as Calamagrostis effusa, and of herbs, as flowers and achenes of Espeletia hartwegiana.

    Distribution:

    Size of the area of distribution (reproduction / resident): 18.600 km2

    Endemic the high slopes of the Central Andes of Colombia, in where have been sightings in two areas General. The group over North of records involves the complex volcanic Nevado del Ruiz and Nevado del Tolima, where are the departments of Tolima, Quindio, Risaralda and Caldas. The southern part is located on the slopes of the Purace volcano in the Cauca. The high mountains are located between these two areas, by what the distribution can be continuous or of low density in all the chain Andean central, from Caldas until the Cauca.

    The Rufous-fronted Parakeet be found in several areas protected including the Alto Quindío Acaime Reserve and the Los Nevados National Park, considered the last bastion of the species; is common there with more than 100 birds observed during eight hours in 1993. But, overgrazing can pose a threat to long term on this site.

    Conservation:

    State of conservation ⓘ


    Vulnerable Vulnerable (UICN)ⓘ

    • Current category of the Red List of the UICN: Vulnerable.

    • Population trend: Decreasing.

    Usually low density of the species (perhaps only a bird by km2) and scarce. Total population Perhaps 1.000-2.000 birds, probably less. IN DANGER OF EXTINCTION.

    Threats

    The conversion of forests for agricultural purposes has spread below the 3.300 m in the Central Andes. In the elevations more high, the forest is exploited for firewood and grazing, Although left large areas. Given its adaptation to the agricultural environment, the level of threat posed by deforestation is unknown (Snyder et to the. 2000). On the other hand, the widespread destruction of Páramo vegetation, even in Los Nevados, seems to have affected seriously to the population of the Rufous-fronted Parakeet. This is caused by the burning frequent, intense grazing and, to a lesser extent, the conversion to the cultivation of the potato. Colombian authorities have not been able to buy existing properties within national parks, making often that the parks are ineffective. From time to time stored as a pet.

    "Rufous-fronted Parakeet" in captivity:

    Occasionally stays as a pet locally but it is not known in captivity outside its area of distribution.

    Alternative names:

    Rufous-fronted Parakeet, Rufous fronted Parakeet (English).
    Toui à front roux (French).
    Rotstirnsittich (German).
    Periquito-tolima (Portuguese).
    Catita de Frente Parda, Catita Frentirrufa, Periquito Frentirrufo (español).

    George Newbold Lawrence
    George Newbold Lawrence

    scientific classification:


    Order: Psittaciformes
    Family: Psittacidae
    Genus: Bolborhynchus
    Scientific name: Bolborhynchus ferrugineifrons
    Citation: (Lawrence, 1880)
    Protonimo: Brotogerys [sic] ferrugineifrons


    Images "Rufous-fronted Parakeet"



    Species of the genus Bolborhynchus

    Sources:

    Avibase
    – Parrots of the World – Forshaw Joseph M
    – Parrots A Guide to the Parrots of the World – Tony Juniper & Mike Parr
    Birdlife
    – Parrot Book, Parrots and macaws Neotropical

    Photos:

    (1) – ©All rights reserved by Alonso Quevedo Gil / ProAves Foundation

    Sounds:

    ▷ The world of Pets: Dogs, cats, birds, reptiles, amphibians

    Spot-winged Parrotlet
    Touit stictopterus

    Spot-winged Parrotlet

    Content

    Description:


    Anatomy-parrots

    17 to 18 cm.. height.

    The Spot-winged Parrotlet (Touit stictopterus) It has a green overall coloration, clearer to the abdomen, wings brownish with white spots; below the tail opaque olive is yellow with blue edge.

    The female differs from the male by feathers middle-lower wing which they are green; the forecrown and the face They are yellowish green.

    Habitat:

    Very rare species. Observed at the local level and in low densities in a Habitat in decline. Its population It is likely to be small and declining, with very small sub-populations in each known locality.
    It inhabits in semi-humid cloud forests and seasonal crop areas, between 600 and 2400 m. Apparently performs altitudinal migrations, Perhaps conditioned by the supply of food.

    Reproduction:

    The reproduction It is performed in March.

    Food:

    They feed on fruit and corn.

    Distribution:

    Size of the area of distribution (reproduction / resident): 129.000 km2

    It lives in the wild in the Andes, southern Central cordilleras and Eastern in Colombia, western Ecuador and North of Peru.

    Conservation:

    State of conservation ⓘ


    Vulnerable Vulnerable (UICN)ⓘ

    Globally it is in the category vulnerable (VU) and in Colombia in danger of extinction (IN). Deforestation in Andes It is their main threat.

    "Spot-winged Parrotlet" in captivity:

    Because of its condition It is not recommended that you keep this bird as a pet.

    Alternative names:

    Spot-winged Parrotlet, Brown-shouldered Parrotlet, Emma’s Parrotlet, Spot winged Parrotlet (English).
    Toui tacheté, Toui d’Emma (French).
    Tüpfelpapagei, Tüpfel-Papagei (German).
    Spot-winged Parrotlet (Portuguese).
    Cotorrita Alipinta, Lorito de Alas Moteadas, Periquito Alipunteado (español).
    Periquito Alipunteado (Colombia).
    Periquito de Ala Punteada (Peru).


    scientific classification:

    Philip Sclater
    Philip Sclater

    Order: Psittaciformes
    Family: Psittacidae
    Genus: Touit
    Scientific name: Touit stictopterus
    Citation: (Sclater, PL, 1862)
    Protonimo: Urochroma stictoptera


    Images Spot-winged Parrotlet:



    Species of the genus Touit


    Spot-winged Parrotlet (Touit stictopterus)


    Sources:

    • Avibase
    • Parrots of the World – Forshaw Joseph M
    • Parrots A Guide to the Parrots of the World – Tony Juniper & Mike Parr
    • Birdlife
    • Parrot Book, Parrots and macaws Neotropical

    • Photos:

    (1) – Urochroma stictoptera = Touit stictoptera by Joseph Wolf [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons