23 cm.. length and 54-70 g. of weight.

The Painted Parakeet (Pyrrhura picta) has a close frontal band, lores, upper cheeks and area around eyes, dull red.

lower cheeks matte red with blue points on some feathers; the front of the crown is blue; rear area of the crown and of the neck, opaque reddish brown with some blue spots; ear-coverts yellowish. Nape bluish green to green in fusion area the mantle; the scapulars and the top and bottom of the back Brown; rump and uppertail-coverts, green. Upperwing-coverts green except for primary coverts external blue and some red feathers in the carpal area. Primaries blue up, gray below. Underwing-coverts green. Feathers of the throat, upper region chest and sides neck, opaque yellowish brown with wide margins, which results in a surprising scaled diamond shaped means or semicircles; bottom area chest and sides belly, green; Center of the belly brown; undertail-coverts green. Tail verde basalmente, brown distally. Bill brownish-grey; bare periophthalmic grey; brown the irises; legs grey.

Both sexes are similar.

Taxonomic status:

This taxon is considered a subspecies of Pyrrhura [picta, roseifrons, lucianii, amazonum, snethlageae or peruviana] (sensu lato) by some authors

• Sound of the Painted Parakeet.

They inhabit in moist forests and land borders, seasonally flooded forests (várzea), and on the slopes of tepuyes.

They travel in flocks with quick flights.

The breeding season It is between the months of December and February. Nest in hollow trees or old abandoned nests of woodpeckers.

They feed on, to a large extent, of fruit of Goupia glabra, Bagassa guianensis, Trema micrantha, Heisteria spruceana, Zanthoxylum, flowers and seeds.

Tamaño de su área de Distribución (reproducción/residentes): 1.560.000 km2

The Painted Parakeet It is located in northeast South America, distributed south of Orinoco, in Venezuela, eastward through Guyana, French Guiana, Suriname and the state of Amapá in the North of Brazil (pit et to the. 1997).

In the states of Amazon and western and southern Bolivar, in Venezuela They can be observed, mainly, on the slopes of the tepuyes, while further east inhabit the lowlands.

• Current red list category of the UICN: Least concern.

• Population trend: Decreasing.

Justification of the Red List Category

The Painted Parakeet has a range very large, and therefore does not approach the thresholds for Vulnerable under the range size criterion. While the trend of the population seems to be decreasing, the decline is not believed to be fast enough to approach the thresholds for Vulnerable under criterion population trend (> 30% decrease of more than ten years or three generations). The population size has not been quantified, but it is not believed to approach the thresholds for Vulnerable under criterion of population size (<10.000 individuos maduros con una disminución continua estima en> 10% in ten years or three generations, or a specific population structure). For these reasons, the species is evaluated as Least concern.

Justification of the population

The world population It has not been quantified, due to recent taxonomic divisions.

Justification trend

This species is suspected that there may be lost 6,5-7,3% of habitat within its distribution over three generations (18 years) based on a model of deforestation in the Amazon (Soares-Filho et to the . 2006, Bird et to the . 2011). Given the susceptibility of this species to hunting and / or entrapment, It is suspected that it will fall in <25% en tres generaciones.

Rare.

– Painted Parakeet, Painted, Azuero, Sinu or Todd’s Parakeet (English).
– Conure versicolore, Conure versicolore, C. d’Eisenmann, C. du Sinu ou C. de Todd (French).
– Rotzügelsittich (German).
– Tiriba-de-testa-azul (Portuguese).
– Cotorra Pintada, Periquito Pintado (Spanish).
– Periquito Pintado (Colombia).
– Perico Pechiescamado (Venezuela).

– Order: Psittaciformes
– Family: Psittacidae
– Genus: Pyrrhura
– Scientific name: Pyrrhura picta
– Citation: (Statius Müller, 1776)
– Protonimo: Psittacus pictus

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Painted Parakeet (Pyrrhura picta)

Sources:

– Avibase
– Parrots of the World – Forshaw Joseph M
– Parrots A Guide to the Parrots of the World – Tony Juniper & Mike Parr
– Birdlife

– Photos:

(1) – Venezuelan Parakeet | Perico Pintado ( Pyrrhura picta emma) By Fernando Flores from Caracas, Venezuela [CC BY-SA 2.0 or CC BY-SA 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons

– Sounds: William Adsett, XC82876. accessible www.xeno-canto.org/82876

The Maroon-faced Parakeet (Pyrrhura leucotis) measured 21 centimeters length and 50-53 g. of weight, It is the smallest species long-tailed parakeets.

Their cheeks and forecrown, They are brown brown mostly, blue above eyes and on lower cheeks; crown and nape, dark brown, dotted with orange-brown from the ends of pens; ear-coverts white to pale brown; nape with bluish green tones.

Mantle and top of the back, green with scattered dark margins on some feathers; lower back, rump and uppertail-coverts, brown. Wing coverts except green primary coverts which they are blue and patch Red in the bend of wing.

Primaries blue. Under, the wings with the lesser coverts green, the greater coverts dark gray; the flight feathers grey. Feathers of the throat and sides neck, blue base with a yellowish subterminal band and black tips; Feathers of the chest with little blue tones and instead to brown in bases; the underparts They are green with a large patch brown in the center of belly. maroon brown with green edges at the base of the outerweb of the lateral feathers; undertail, the tail It is reddish brown opaque.

Bill black; cere black; bare periophthalmic grey; irises dark orange-brown; legs dark grey.

The plumage of both sexes are similar.

Taxonomic status:

Considered one subspecies Pyrrhura [leucotis or emma] by some authors

• Sound of the Maroon-faced Parakeet.

The Maroon-faced Parakeet inhabits forests, clear edges and adjacent with scattered trees including cocoa plantations shaded Bay, sometimes visiting parks and residential areas. They can be observed, mainly, in lowlands (for example, to 600 meters in east Brazil) and in forests at higher elevations in Northeast Brazil. Gregarious, generally close to flocks 15-20 birds.

No information about your reproduction in the wild. Clutch 5-9 eggs in captivity.

Probably you have a diet comparable to his close relatives in the wild, where is recorded the Miconia hypoleuca as one of their food. There are reports of birds feeding in cornfields.

Size of its range (reproductores / residents): 352.000 km2

The distribution of the Maroon-faced Parakeet It is limited to Southeast Brazil, from Bay to the South of the río Jequitinhonha, to the South up to Espirito Santo, including Southeast Minas Gerais, Brazil, and previously São Paulo.

• Justification of the Red List Category

– This species appears as Near-threatened on the basis that it is suspected that there has been a decrease in moderately rapid population due to the habitat loss and capture.

• Justification of the population

• Current red list category of the UICN: Near-threatened..

• Population trend: Decreasing.

• Population size : 10000-19999 individuals.

– The Maroon-faced Parakeet is believed to have a small town; However, Marsden et al .(2000) It estimated that there is a combined population of about 19,300 individuals on Biological Federal Reserve Sooretama the Nature Reserve Linhares in the State of Espirito Santo, based on surveys 1998, It is suggesting that the population has been previously underestimated.

– Until an updated estimate available, the population was provisionally placed in the band 10,000-19,999 mature individuals, representing a population of about 15,000-30,000 individuals in total, although the structure of the subpopulation not known.

• Justification trend

– It is suspected that the species is in a moderate to rapid decline due to the habitat loss and capture. The rate of decline is thought to be not so fast because tolerance to modified habitats of this species cushion the impacts of deforestation to some extent.

• Threats

– The logging It has been extensive, It is affecting most of board woods, in Bay and Espirito Santo.

– Most of the original forest cover which distributed the Maroon-faced Parakeet It was eliminated more than a century ago; in the news, are being eliminated very quickly the remaining patches (pit et to the ., 1997).

– This bird often seized in captivity, suggesting that there is a major catch birds for trade. (J. Gilardi in little ., 2010).

Very rare.

Its diet in captivity it is similar to that of their peers.

Its population in the wild is small and decreasing whereby each captive specimen of this species that is capable of reproducing, It is placed in a well-run program of captive breeding and not be sold as a pet, in order to ensure its long-term survival.

– Maroon-faced Parakeet, Maroon-faced Parakeet (White-eared), White-eared Parakeet (English).
– Conure emma, Conure leucotique, Conure leucotique (nominal), Conure leucotique (nominale), Conure leucotique (race nominale) (French).
– Weißohrsittich (German).
– tiriba-de-orelha-branca (Portuguese).
– Cotorra orejiblanca, Perico Pintado, Cotorra cariparda (Spanish).

– Order: Psittaciformes
– Family: Psittacidae
– Genus: Pyrrhura
– Scientific name: Pyrrhura leucotis
– Citation: (Kuhl, 1820)
– Protonimo: Psittacus leucotis

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Maroon-faced Parakeet (Pyrrhura leucotis)

Sources:

– Avibase
– Parrots of the World – Forshaw Joseph M
– Parrots A Guide to the Parrots of the World – Tony Juniper & Mike Parr
– Birdlife

– Photos:

(1) – Maroon-faced parakeet By Gabriel Resende Veiga (Own work) [CC BY-SA 4.0], via Wikimedia Commons

(2) – Several White-eared Parakeets (Pyrrhura_leucotis) at Palmitos Park, Gran Canaria, Spain By Bjoertvedt (Own work) [CC BY-SA 3.0 or GFDL], via Wikimedia Commons

(3) – A White-eared Parakeet in Parque das Aves, Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil By Kee Yip from Union City, California, USA (IMG_4336_P1030859Uploaded by snowmanradio) [CC BY 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons

(4) – White-eared Parakeet (Pyrrhura leucotis), Vale Reserve, Espírito Santo, Brazil by Brendan Ryan – Flickr

(5) – By Almond Butterscotch – Flickr

(6) – Parrots in captivity /. London :George Bell and Sons,1884-1887 [i.e. 1883-1888] by Biodiversity Heritage Library – Flickr

– Sounds: Roney Souza, XC265102. accessible www.xeno-canto.org/265102

22 to 23 cm.. length and an approximate weight of 80 g..

The Pfrimer's Parakeet (Pyrrhura pfrimeri) is a small psittacine of tail Long endemic Brazil very similar to Maroon-faced Parakeet (Pyrrhura leucotis), of which has recently been separated.

Its main color is green with bluish hues in primary rémiges and reddish tones in the back, the belly and retrizes penas. The bend of wing They are reddish.
The neck It has clear blue feathers with lighter edges, giving the whole a scaled aspect. The sides of the face They are red while the crown and nape They are bluish. The bill It is black and tail red-blue color at the tips

It has no sexual dimorphism.

Taxonomic status:

It has often been considered a subspecies of the Maroon-faced Parakeet (Pyrrhura leucotis) – Pyrrhura leucotis pfrimeri. The separation was made based on their distribution and the differences in Habitat and plumage, He was the only member of the complex P. leucotis in which the light spot on ear-coverts It was very small. Recent mitochondrial DNA studies have confirmed this separate species status.

• Sound of the Pfrimer's Parakeet.

Its distribution is restricted to the forests dry deciduous or semi-evergreen growing on limestone outcrops in the calcareous. This habitat type caatinga is an isolated island within the surrounding savannah closed. The forest caatinga typically it has a closed canopy and dense undergrowth of vines and some cactus, particularly in disturbed areas. The species has been seen recently fragmented woodlots (Olmos et al., 1998), but reportedly did not live far from the edge of the forest.

Social, usually they are seen in flocks of up 10 birds. Noisy and conspicuous when they fly above the canopy. Difficult to observe while feeding or resting among the foliage.

We know very little about their reproductive habits.

They fly in flocks in search of fruits, seeds, flowers and larvae insects (wasps Family Agaonidae) .

Size of its range (Reproductores / Resident): 20.300 km2

It is located in the Brazilian states of Goiás, Tocantins and the northwestern tip of Minas Gerais, Brazil.

• Current red list category of the UICN: In danger of extinction.

• Population trend: Decreasing.

• Population: 20,000-50,000.

Justification of the Red List Category

This species has a range very small very fragmented and where habitat loss and degradation continue. For these reasons, It is classified as endangered.

Justification of the population

The total population is estimated to lie within the band 20,000-49,999 individuals (CA Bianchi in a little. 2006, 2007). The population density of the species has been estimated 11,7 individuals / km2 .

Justification trend

Given the rapid pace of deforestation within restricted range species, and its strong dependence on forest habitats suspected its population is declining rapidly (F. Olmos in some ., 2004).

Threats:

The main threat to this species is the deforestation driven selective logging, fires and conversion of habitat to pasture (Olmos et al . 1998). Dry wood Goiás He declined to be covering 15,8% of the region 1990 only the 5,8% in 1999, and less than 1% of the remaining fragments they were larger than 100 has (F. Olmos a slightly. 2007). There has been a reduction 66% habitat available in the last 31 years, with a current annual deforestation rate 2,1% (Bianchi 2010). Rapid deforestation is occurring within the range of the species to create pastures with widespread burning to improve poor pastures destroying the habitat of dry forest. It is mainly directed to logging forests durable normally used to make fence posts, and cement are starting to target areas of limestone outcroppings (CA Bianchi in a little . 2006, 2007). The species is rare while they recorded in the trade waves collections of exotic birds; This poses a potential threat (Olmos et al ., 1998). Population pressures increase as their range is close to the capital, Brasilia (Olmos et al ., 1998).

Very rare.

It's a bird in danger of extinction; each captive specimen of this species that is capable of reproducing, It is placed in a well-run program of captive breeding and not be sold as a pet, in order to ensure its long-term survival.

– Goias Parakeet, Pfrimer’s Conure, Pfrimer’s Parakeet (English).
– Conure de Pfrimer (French).
– Goiasittich, Pfrimers Sittich (German).
– tiriba de Pfrimer, Tiriba-de-pfrimer, Tiriba-do-paranã , ciganinha, barreirinha, chiriri e periquito-do-morro (Portuguese).
– Cotorra de Goiás (Spanish).

– Order: Psittaciformes
– Family: Psittacidae
– Genus: Pyrrhura
– Scientific name: Pyrrhura pfrimeri
– Citation: Miranda-Ribeiro, 1920
– Protonimo: Pyrrhura pfrimeri

Pfrimer's Parakeet (Pyrrhura pfrimeri)

Sources:

• Avibase
• Parrots of the World – Forshaw Joseph M
• Parrots A Guide to the Parrots of the World – Tony Juniper & Mike Parr
• Birdlife

Photos:

(1) – Pyrrhura pfrimeri by Lander Van Nieuwenhuyse – Flickr
(2) – Pyrrhura pfrimeri by Lander Van Nieuwenhuyse – Flickr
(3) – Pyrrhura pfrimeri by Lander Van Nieuwenhuyse – Flickr
(4) – Pyrrhura pfrimeri by pyaf.net
(5) – Tiriba-de-Pfrimer, “Pyrrhura pfrimeri” – Pfrimer's Parakeet by Brazilian Claudia Martins
Brazilian Claudia Martins
(6) – Photo of Alipio de Miranda Ribeiro, brazilian natural scientist By File created by Flávio de Miranda Ribeiro (Picture taken by family) [CC BY-SA 3.0 or GFDL], via Wikimedia Commons
(7) – Parrots A Guide to the Parrots of the World – Tony Juniper & Mike Parr

• Sounds: Ciro Albano, XC57810. accessible www.xeno-canto.org/57810
  

24 cm.. in length and 70 to 80 grams.

The Pearly Parakeet (Pyrrhura lepida) has the head dark blackish brown with mottled light on nape; ear-coverts creamy white; cheeks pale bluish green.

Upper mantle blue; robe bottom until uppertail-coverts, green. Scapulars green at the base, blue down; lesser wing coverts slightly green tinted olive; median coverts and older, mainly blue; some red at the leading edge of wing . Flight feather Blue above, secondaries with green in the outerweb; dark gray below. Underwing-coverts bright red. Sides of the neck, the throat and the top chest, mainly brown with some blue marks and points yellowish brown, which gives an overall scaled aspect; The underparts remaining are green with blue on the flanks and the thighs. Upper, the tail mainly brown, green in the basal area and narrow blue tips. Bill black-brown; bare periophthalmic grey; irises dark brown; legs black slate.

The plumages of both sexes are, apparently, similar.

taxonomic history

Confusing taxonomic history: until recently known as Pyrrhura perlata, but that name is actually applied to the known way long as Pyrrhura rhodogaster, currently a synonym for the species Pyrrhura perlata; the current species therefore assumes his next oldest name, Pyrrhura lepida. Forms a pair of species with parapatric Pyrrhura perlata, with which it is sometimes considered conspecific; the recent molecular phylogeny indicated that the closest relatives of these two are the Pyrrhura frontalis and Pyrrhura molinae.

• Sound of the Pearly Parakeet.

• Pyrrhura lepida anerythra

  (Neumann, 1927) – Similar to the species nominal but with the chest, the belly and cheeks green with occasional shades of blue.

• Pyrrhura lepida coerulescens

  (Neumann, 1927) – Similar to the species nominal, but with the forecrown and crown brown, gray throat and upper chest, green on the upper cheeks; bluer in the lower chest

.

• Pyrrhura lepida lepida

  (Wagler, 1832) – Nominal.

The Pearly Parakeet, usually, inhabits humid forests of mainland. The species has been observed in forest edges, clear areas and second growth.

They are seen in flocks of up to ten birds, particularly in places where food is plentiful.

They nest hollow logs. The laying is of 3-4 eggs incubados during 23 days; breeding needs about 7 weeks for independence.

probably catkins, small fruits and flowers.

Size of its range (breeding/resident): 585.000 km2

The Cotorra Pulcra is endemic to Northeast Brazil, to the South of the Amazon. Observed around the basin Xingu and its tributaries, from the river Pracuí and the left bank of Tocantins River, and from Belém and the Río grass, in For, east to around Sao Luis in Maranhão, and from northern Maranhão to the East of Rosary, although apparently no longer in some coastal areas, where according to sources, They were formerly quite common.

Today are rare and extinct in many parts of their former range (for example, North of Maranhão) due to large-scale deforestation, although they are, apparently, tolerant habitat alterations.

The coerulescens subspecies It is near extinction due to the almost total loss of their habitat. The species is found in protected areas but its integrity is compromised by the illegal logging.

• Pyrrhura lepida anerythra

  (Neumann, 1927) – Alto Xingu tributaries, from the Rio Pracuí and the left bank of Tocantins River

• Pyrrhura lepida coerulescens

  (Neumann, 1927) – North of Maranhão to the East of Rosary)

• Pyrrhura lepida lepida

  (Wagler, 1832) –Nominal. Belém and Río grass in For, to the this to Sao Luis in Maranhão

Note:

Pyrrhura lepida is the new name of the taxon Pyrrhura perlata, whose name has been shown to be applied first to an immature bird of that species, Crimson-bellied Parakeet (Pyrrhura perlata).

• Current red list category of the UICN: Vulnerable.

• Population trend: Decreasing.

• Population size : 6700 individuals.

Justification of the red list category

From a model of future deforestation in the Amazon basin, While shows some tolerance degraded landscapes, It suspected that the population of this species decline rapidly over the next three generations and, therefore, It has risen to Vulnerable.

Justification of the population

The population It is preliminarily estimated to number at least 10.000 individuals, approximately equivalent to 6.700 mature individuals. This requires confirmation.

Justification of trend

It is suspected that this species has lost between 47 and the 64,5% of habitat suitable within their distribution during three generations (18 years) starting from a model of deforestation Amazon (Soares-Filho et to the ., 2006, Bird et to the ., 2011). However, because the species seems to have some degree of tolerance to habitat degradation (A. Lees in litt ., 2011), It suspected to decline by 30-49% during three generations.

Threats

Despite an apparent tolerance of some degradation of the habitat, It is perhaps close to extinction in coastal areas of northern Maranhão, due to the large scale deforestation (Juniper and Parr, 1998). They are distributed within protected areas, but its integrity is compromised by the illegal logging (Juniper and Parr 1998). It is expected that deforestation in the Amazon basin to increase as land is cleared for cattle ranching and soybean production, provided by the expansion of the road network (Soares-Filho et to the. , 2006). The proposed changes to Brazilian Forest Code reduce the percentage of land to a private owner is legally obliged to keep as forest and include an amnesty for owners who deforested before July 2008 (That later they would be absolved of the need to reforest the land illegally cleared) (Bird et to the., 2011).

Rare in captivity.

It is a bird Vulnerable nationally in Brazil and protected by CITES Appendix II; each captive specimen of this species that is capable of reproducing, It is placed in a well-run program of captive breeding and not be sold as a pet, in order to ensure its long-term survival.

– Pearly Conure, Pearly Parakeet (English).
– Conure perlée, Perriche perlée, Perruche perlée (French).
– Blausteißsittich (German).
– tiriba, tiriba-de-barriga-vermelha, Tiriba-peróla, tiriba-pérola (Portuguese).
– Catita cola granate, Cotorra Pulcra, Cotorra Ventrirroja (Spanish).

– Order: Psittaciformes
– Family: Psittacidae
– Genus: Pyrrhura
– Scientific name: Pyrrhura lepida
– Citation: (Wagler, 1832)
– Protonimo: Sittace lepida

————————————————————————————————

Pearly Parakeet (Pyrrhura lepida)

Sources:

– Avibase
– Parrots of the World – Forshaw Joseph M
– Parrots A Guide to the Parrots of the World – Tony Juniper & Mike Parr
– Birdlife

– Photos:

(1) – Pyrrhura lepida by Florin Feneru – Flickr
(2) – Pyrrhura lepida coerulescens Neumann, 1929 – Huub Veldhuijzen van Zanten / Naturalis Biodiversity Center [CC BY-SA 3.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(3) – Pearly Parakeet (Pyrrhura lepida) also known as the Pearly Conure in aviculture. A pet parrot By manginwu (originally posted to Flickr as my name is twoday.) [CC BY-SA 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(4) – Tiriba-perola [Pearly Parakeet] by Helio Lourencini – Flickr
(5) – Tiriba pearl (Pyrrhura perlata) – www.avesilvestre.com.br
(6) – Parrots A Guide to the Parrots of the World – Tony Juniper & Mike Parr

– Sounds: GABRIEL MILK, XC212988. accessible www.xeno-canto.org/212988

24-28 cm.. length and 72-94 g. of weight.

The Maroon-bellied Parakeet (Pyrrhura frontalis) has a frontal band matte red close with a few more bright red feathers behind cere; lores blackish; feathery cheeks and crown, greyish green blackish tips; ear-coverts olive green.

The upperparts They are green grass with a small area reddish at the bottom of the back. Primary coverts bluish green; wing-coverts grass-green, some feathers sometimes with olive tint. Primaries Blue in the outerweb. Green on innerwebs, with dark tips; secondaries, mainly green. Sides of neck, throat and chest, brown oliváceo, feathers subterminally brown and black black tips, giving the whole a scalloped effect; lower breast green with a patch brown in the center of belly; flanks, the thighs and undertail-coverts, green. Upper, green tail in basal half, Shaded bronze to reddish tones on the tips; below, the tail is opaque brown.

Bill grey, sometimes paler in base mandible; yellow cere; bare periophthalmic whitish grey; irises dark brown; legs dark gray.

Both sexes are similar. The incipient brown lacks the belly. Immature paler than adult with irises darker.

Taxonomic note:

Closely related Blaze-winged Parakeet (Pyrrhura devillei), with which it can be conspecific (populations or races that belong to the same species). It has been suggested that the species may also be conspecific with Green-cheeked Parakeet (Pyrrhura molinae).

• Sound of the Maroon-bellied Parakeet.

• Pyrrhura frontalis chiripepe

  (Vieillot, 1818) – As the nominal, but the upper surface of the tail It is completely green olive. Some orange-red markings on the bend of wing in some birds.

• Pyrrhura frontalis frontalis

  (Vieillot, 1818) – Subspecies nominal.

The Maroon-bellied Parakeet They extend through several forest habitats, forests, margins and marshy habitats, including the remaining patches Araucaria (for example, in Rio Grande do Sul). In the Paraguayan Chaco They seem almost confined to coastal areas of growth over the Río Paraguay and its main tributaries. In Southeast Brazil They are mainly distributed in the highlands, to 1.400 meters above sea level; in other parts of the lowlands up near 1.000 m, where they are generally tolerant to disturbance, even reaching visit urban parks in the city of Assumption, Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo, and feeding in gardens (Rio Grande do Sul). Gregarious, usually in flocks of 6-12 birds (until 40).

They nest in the cavity of the trees. The breeding season It covers the months from October to December. Clutch 5-6 eggs.
The female incubated one for almost 30 days. The young leave the nest after about 45 days, after which they continue to be fed for some time by the two partners.

In Southeast Brazil, Their diet includes pulp of Euterpe edulis, seeds of Schinus, Xylopia, Cecropia, Croton, Miconia, ficus, Psidium and Pinus; flowers of Ambrosia and Vernonia and aryl of Protium; elsewhere, the Araucaria It is a very important food source, for example in southern Brazil; also they feed dried fruits and fruits of Campomanesia xanthocarpa and Podocarpus lambertii; homoptera sheets Persea pyrifolia and fly larvae. The orange crops and corn sometimes they suffer from their visits, but depredations were lower compared to the damage caused by the Parrot Argentina (Myiopsitta monachus) in cornfields.

Size of its range (reproductoras/residentes): 2.690.000 km2

The Maroon-bellied Parakeet It is endemic in Southeast South America, from the southeast of Brazil to the North of Argentina.

In Brazil They can be observed from south Bay ,through coastal states, until Rio Grande do Sul, and west, in the southeast of Minas Gerais, Brazil and South of Mato Grosso, through Paraguay (extension of records suggests its presence throughout the west end), North of Uruguay and North of Argentina, in Missions, Currents, Formosa, Chaco and sporadically in the past, in the North of Santa Fe (a population in Buenos Aires probably descended from leaks), and southeastern Bolivia.

Resident. Locally common to very common (for example, in Missions) but rare elsewhere (for example Currents) and extinguished in places due to conversion of forests for agriculture.

With He commercialized in large quantities with substantial late eighties exports averaging over 5.000 birds per year. There is a large captive population.

• Pyrrhura frontalis chiripepe

  (Vieillot, 1818) – Central and southern Paraguay, northern Uruguay and northern Argentina.

• Pyrrhura frontalis frontalis

  (Vieillot, 1818) – Subspecies nominal. Southeastern Brazil from southern Bahia to Rio Grande do Sul including southeastern Minas Gerais and south and southeast of Mato Grosso.

• Red list category: Least concern

• Population trend: Stable.

Justification of the red list category

This species has a extremely large range and, therefore, it does not approach the thresholds for Vulnerable at the discretion of the distribution area size (Extension <20,000 km2 combinada con un tamaño de rango decreciente o fluctuante, extensión o calidad del hábitat o tamaño de población y un pequeño número de lugares o fragmentación severa). La tendencia de la población parece ser estable, por lo que la especie no se aproxima a los umbrales de Vulnerables bajo el criterio de tendencia poblacional (> 30% decline over ten years or three generations). The population size has not been quantified, but it is not believed to be close to the thresholds for Vulnerable under the criterion of population size (<10.000 individuos maduros con un declive continuo estimado> 10% in ten years or three generations or a population structure). For these reasons, the species is evaluated as least concern.

Justification of the population

The size of the world's population has not been quantified, but this species is described as “common” (Stotz et to the., 1996).

Justification of trend

They suspected that the population is stable in absence of evidence of any decline or threatens substantial.

Threats

The species has been marketed strongly: from 1981, when it was included in Appendix II of CITES, 52.523 individuals captured in the wild have been recorded in international trade (Trade database of UNEP-WCMC CITES, January 2005).

The species is listed in Appendix II of the CITES.

There is a large captive population. They are intelligent birds, friendly and active. Readily they adapt to human contact and are easy to train. They are among the quietest cotorras, but its powerful high-pitched voices can become very annoying. Like other parakeets, They tend to express emotion with a series of loud cries, chillidos.

– Maroon bellied Parakeet, Maroon Parakeet, Maroon-bellied Conure, Maroon-bellied Parakeet, Reddish-bellied Parakeet, Scaly-breasted Parakeet (English).
– Conure de Vieillot, Conure ou, Perriche de Vieillot, Perruche à oreillons bruns, Perruche d’Azara, Perruche de Vieillot (French).
– Braunohrsittich, Braunohr-Sittich (German).
– cara-suja, periquito, tiriba, Tiriba-de-testa-vermelha, tiriva (Portuguese).
– Chiripepe, Chiripepé, Chiripepé cabeza verde, Chiripepé de cabeza verde, Cotorra Chiripepé, Perico de Vientre Rojo (Spanish).

– Order: Psittaciformes
– Family: Psittacidae
– Genus: Pyrrhura
– Scientific name: Pyrrhura frontalis
– Citation: (Vieillot, 1818)
– Protonimo: Psittacus frontalis

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Maroon-bellied Parakeet (Pyrrhura frontalis)

Sources:

– Avibase
– Parrots of the World – Forshaw Joseph M
– Parrots A Guide to the Parrots of the World – Tony Juniper & Mike Parr
– Birdlife

– Photos:

(1) – Maroon-bellied parakeet Botanical Garden of São Paulo By Dario Sanches [CC BY-SA 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(2) – Maroon-bellied Conure (Pyrrhura frontalis) on a wooden stump. Botanical Garden of São Paulo By Dario Sanches [CC BY-SA 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(3) – Pyrrhura Ilhabela-SP By Dario Sanches frontalis from São Paulo, Brazil (Maroon-bellied parakeet ( Pyrrhura frontalis)) [CC BY-SA 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(4) – Maroon-bellied Conure (Pyrrhura frontalis) – Horto Florestal de São Paulo By Dario Sanches [CC BY-SA 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(5) – Pyrrhura frontalis – Track dos Tucanos – Tapiraí-SP IBA: Forest massif Paranapiacaba By Jairmoreirafotografia (Own work) [CC BY-SA 4.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(6) – Parrots A Guide to the Parrots of the World – Tony Juniper & Mike Parr

– Sounds: Gustavo Luz, XC344423. accessible www.xeno-canto.org/344423