Birds

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Hellmayr's Parakeet
Pyrrhura amazonum

Origin: Brazil, Bolivia
Character: Social
Life expectancy: ---
Height: 22 cm..

Hellmayr's Parakeet

Content

Description:


Anatomy-parrots

22 cm.. length.

The Hellmayr's Parakeet (Pyrrhura amazonum) It is a mainly green parakeet; the area from crown at the nape it is dark brown; the belly, the rump and tip tail, They are dark red; below, the tail It is also dark red.

They have a patch whitish in ear-coverts; a blue band in front of eyes. The face It is dark reddish brown; the upper region chest It is greenish gray with gray scalloping; the bottom of the chest It is scaled with yellowish effect; the in bend of wing green; brown-red patch in the center of abdomen; of remiges blue (visible only in flight). Orbital ring blackish; the cheeks and ocular region are dark brown.
Bill grey-black; eyes orange brown.

The immature birds They have a darker plumage.

Taxonomic status:

Considered a subspecies of the Painted Parakeet by some authors

  • Sound of the Hellmayr's Parakeet.

Description 3 subspecies:

  • Pyrrhura amazonum amazonum

    (Hellmayr, 1906) – Nominal.


  • Pyrrhura amazonum lucida

    (Arndt, 2008 parrots[Arndt]) – Little or no blue on the front of the crown. Slightly smaller and paler than the Pyrrhura amazonum snethlageae


  • Pyrrhura amazonum snethlageae

    – perico madeira – (Joseph & Bates,JM, 2002) – The bare periophthalmic is of color beige.

Habitat:

They are distributed in tropical moist forests and adjacent habitats. It´s social. Observed in pairs or groups. It is quite common in most of its range and inhabits several protected areas.. The Pyrrhura amazonum amazonum It is in the Amazon National Park, For, Brazil, while the Pyrrhura amazonum lucida It is in the The Cristalino State Park, Mato Grosso, Brazil.

Reproduction:

They build their nests in tree cavities.

Food:

With feed seed, flowers, fruit, berries and nuts. They are also considered local pests, as they regularly raid cornfields and orchards, occasionally causing considerable damage.

Distribution:

Size of its range (players / residents): 392.000 km2

Distribution 3 subspecies:

Conservation:

State of conservation ⓘ

Endangered Endangered ⓘ (UICN)ⓘ

• Current category of the Red List of the UICN: In danger of extinction.

• Population trend: Decreasing.

• Population size : Unknown.

Justification of the Red List of the Category

Based on a model of deforestation in the amazon basin, and their potential susceptibility to capture for the bird trade, It is suspected that the population of the Hellmayr's Parakeet It has declined rapidly over three generations, and therefore it has been classified as danger of extinction.

Justification of the population

Recent world population is unknown given taxonomic divisions.

Justification trend

This species is suspected that he has been able to lose 43,0 to 52,1% of suitable habitat within their distribution over three generations (18 years) based on a model of deforestation of the Amazon (Soares-Filho et to the . 2006, Bird et to the. 2011). Given the susceptibility of this species to capture, It suspected population decline by 50% in three generations.

Threats

The main threat to this species is that it is accelerating the Deforestation in the Amazon basin for livestock and soybean production, provided by the expansion of the road network (Soares-Filho et to the. 2006, Bird et to the. 2011).

The changes proposed by the Forest code of Brazil they reduce the percentage of land that a private owner has a legal obligation to keep as forest and include an amnesty for owners who deforested before July 2008 (who would later be absolved of the need to reforest illegally cleared land) (Bird et to the. 2011).

His capture for bird trade wild can represent a significant threat.

Conservation actions and ongoing research

It is not known any.

The proposed conservation and research actions

Expand the network of protected areas to effectively protect IBA.

Effectively manage the resources of existing protected areas and new, the use of new opportunities for financing the management of protected areas with the common goals of reducing carbon emissions and maximize biodiversity conservation.

conservation on private lands is also essential, through the expansion of market pressures for rational land management and prevention of logging on land not suitable for agriculture (Soares-Filho et to the. 2006).

Campaign against proposed changes to Forest code of Brazil that would lead to a decrease in the width of protected riparian forest areas such as Permanent Preservation Areas (APPs), that function as vital corridors in fragmented landscapes.

"Hellmayr's Parakeet" in captivity:

It is a bird in danger of extinction. Each captive specimen of this species which is capable of reproducing, must be placed in a well-managed captive breeding program and not sold as a pet, in order to ensure its long-term survival.

Alternative names:

– Hellmayr’s Parakeet, Santarem Parakeet, Santarem Parakeet (Santarem) (English).
– Conure de Hellmayr (French).
– Santaremsittich (German).
– Tiriba-de-hellmayr (Portuguese).
– Cotorra de Santarém, Perico Santarém (español).

scientific classification:

Carl Edward Hellmayr

– Order: Psittaciformes
– Family: Psittacidae
– Genus: Pyrrhura
– Scientific name: Pyrrhura amazonum
– Citation: Hellmayr, 1906
– Protonimo: Pyrrhura pictured on Amazon


Images Hellmayr's Parakeet:


Hellmayr's Parakeet Santarem Parakeet (Pyrrhura amazonum) Cristalino Jungle Lodge, Mato Grosso, Brazil

Hellmayr's Parakeet Santarem Parakeet – Cristalino Lodge, Brazil

Videos "Hellmayr's Parakeet"

Parrots in the world

Especies del género Pyrrhura

Hellmayr's Parakeet (Pyrrhura amazonum)


Sources:

– Avibase
– Parrots of the World – Forshaw Joseph M
– Parrots A Guide to the Parrots of the World – Tony Juniper & Mike Parr
– Birdlife

– Photos:

(1) – Pyrrhura or Amazon by snethlageae Blake Matheson – Flickr
(2) – Santarem Parakeet (Pyrrhura amazonum) Cristalino Jungle Lodge, Mato Grosso, Brazil by Amy McAndrews – Flickr
(3) – Santarem Parakeet – Cristalino Lodge, Brazil by Jorge Montejo – Flickr

– Sounds: Jeremy Recall, XC235131. accessible www.xeno-canto.org/235131

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Newton's parakeet †
Psittacula exsul

Origin: Mauritius
Character: Masnso
Life expectancy: ----
Height: 40 cm..

Newton's Parakeet

Content

Description:

Of 40 centimeters length.

The male of the Newton's Parakeet (Psittacula exsul) It was probably green, with red patches on wings, also manifested in a variation bluish; only two skins of this species, both blue hue; the plumage It was generally greenish blue with gray shades; chest, abdomen and under cover tail slightly paler shades; head darker gray hue without; fine black line between cere and the eye; black bars cheek and narrow black strip on the neck, strip adjacent the blue-green; primaries blue-green; feathers on top of the tail blue-green, underside grey; mandible red top, mandible lower black; irises yellow; legs grey.

The female with narrow black stripe on the forehead; black bars cheek not extend to the side neck; crown washed with gray; upper jaw black.

Immature; No information

Habitat:

It was a kind forest who lived in areas of pine Pandanus and Palm trees.

Reproduction:

Probably similar to Reunion Parakeet (Psittacula eques)

Food:

According to reports, birds preferred nuts and fruits of Cassine East and Fernelia buxifolia.

Distribution:

The Newton's Parakeet It was endemic to the forests of Rodrigues, Mauritius (checks 1987).

It was said to be abundant by explorer Leguat in 1691 (Cowles 1987), but Pingre He noted that it was rare in 1761, and the last record was a bird captured in August of 1875 (Forshaw 2010).

It seems likely that the last birds were wiped out later that year, When the island suffered "the worst cyclonic season of the nineteenth century" (checks 1987).

Two complete specimens survive, plus several bones subfossil (Cowles 1987).


Conservation:

Rationale for the Red List category


This species was endemic to the Rodrigues Island, Mauritius, but it has not been seen since 1875 and now it is extinct.

• Current category of the Red List of the UICN: Extinct.
• The last record was a bird collected in August of 1875

It is believed that hunting and habitat loss greatly contributed to its decline, and that the final blow could have been given by heavy storms 1876. curiously, survived for much longer than most of the island's endemic bird species.

Justification of the population

extinct.

"Newton's parakeet †" in captivity:

Leguat and his followers saw the birds – presumably Newton's Parakeet – feeding nuts, and they taught to speak to some of these parakeets, which certainly it is an indication of what these birds were tame. Apparently they became bilingual; They could speak both French and Flemish!! When Leguat and his small band of followers fled the island, a parakeet they took with them on their trip to Mauritius.

Alternative names:

– Newton’s Parakeet, Newton’s Parrot, Rodrigues Parakeet, Rodrigues Ring-necked Parakeet, Rodriguez Parakeet (English).
– Perruche de Newton (French).
– Rodriguessittich, Rodrigues-Sittich, Rodriguez-Edelsittich (German).
– Periquito-de-rodriguez (Portuguese).
– Cotorra de Newton, Cotorra de Rodrigues (español).



scientific classification:

Alfred Newton
Alfred Newton

– Order: Psittaciformes
– Family: Psittaculidae
– Gender: Psittacula
– Scientific name: Psittacula exsul
– Subpoena: (Newton, A, 1872)
– Protonimo: Palaeornis exaul


Parrots in the world

Especies del género Psittacula

Sources:

• Avibase
• Parrots of the World – Forshaw Joseph M
• Parrots A Guide to the Parrots of the World – Tony Juniper & Mike Parr
• Birdlife

Photos:

(1) – Psittacula exsul (Newton’s Parakeet), female holotype specimen – Wikipedia
(2) – Sternum and mandible of Psittacula exsul, extracted from the female holotype specimen – Wikipedia

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Scarlet-breasted Lorikeet
Trichoglossus forsteni

Origin: Indonesian
Character: Social
Life expectancy: 15 to 25 years
Height: 25 to 30 cm..

Scarlet-breasted Lorikeet

Content

Description:

25 to 30 centimeters length and 100-157 g. of weight.

The distinctive and colorful Scarlet-breasted Lorikeet (Trichoglossus forsteni) has the head dark blue, neck pale green, chest smooth red, and belly dark blue. The remaining plumage It is a bright pale green, and the bill typical is red.

In flight the species shows a flash of bright yellow on the inside of all flight feather, and coverts bright red at the bottom of the wings.

  • Sound of the Scarlet-breasted Lorikeet.

taxonomy:

This taxon is considered a subspecies of Trichoglossus [haematodus, rosenbergii, moluccana, forsteni, capistratus, weberi] (sensu lato) by some authors.

The specific epithet forsteni commemorates the Dutch naturalist Eltio Alegondas Forestry.

Subspecies description

  • Trichoglossus forsteni djampeanus

    (Hartert 1897) – They differ from the species nominal by the fact that their head it is darker and more obviously streaked with bright purple/blue.


  • Trichoglossus forsteni forsteni

    (Bonaparte 1850) – Nominal.


  • Trichoglossus forsteni mitchellii

    (Gray,GR 1859) – Both adults have head black / brown with gray / green streaks in crown up to the cheeks; red / brown in occiput; chest red with minimal or no barring; neck yellow green; purple/black belly; smaller.


  • Trichoglossus forsteni stresemanni

    (Meise 1929) – As the species nominal but with paler chest orange / red; green washing occiput; feathers the mantle yellow / orange basis.

Habitat:

The Scarlet-breasted Lorikeet is located in lowlands and lower montane forests, including secondary growth and plantations, tending to be observed at the edges and around perturbed vegetation instead of inside the closed canopy forest (pit et to the. 1997). In Sumbawa the Trichoglossus forsteni varies from sea level to 800-1200 meters and up 2150 metres in Lombok (pit et to the. 1997); at least in Sumbawa, the variation in altitudinal range is attributed to the movements in monitoring trees in bloom in a large area (White y Bruce 1986).

Reproduction:

Birds have been reported in breeding conditions in May Sumbawa (White y Bruce 1986). It nests in a deep hole in a large tree (pit et to the. 1997).

Food:

No specific data, but presumably similar to Coconut Lorikeet (Trichoglossus haematodus)

Distribution:

Extension of the distribution (breeding/resident): 101.000 km2

The Scarlet-breasted Lorikeet (incorporating subspecies mitchelli, djampeanus and stresemanni) It is located on the islands of Bali, Lombok, Sumbawa, Tanahjampea and Kalaotowa, Indonesian.

An assessment of the state of the taxa that make up the species indicates that the species may no longer be present in Bali, It is extinct in Tanahjampea after capture, mainly before 1990, and it is not clear if he persists in kalatom (Eaton et al. 2015). In Lombok the species is still present, with a recent observation of a flock of 18 individuals above 1.500 metres in 2015 (F. Rheindt per Eaton et al. 2015), although given the lack of other records for many decades, it can be assumed that the population is likely to be small. Sumbawa now it may be the stronghold of the species, and it was suggested that the species is "secure» (Eaton et al. 2015), and there is a large area of ​​potentially suitable habitat remaining on the island.

Subspecies distribution

Conservation:


Vulnerable


• Current category of the Red List of the UICN: Vulnerable.

• Population trend: Decreasing.

• Population size : 1600-7000 individuals.

Rationale for the Red List category

It is estimated that this newly divided species has a small population that is experiencing suspected moderately rapid population decline due to the pressure of the traps for wild bird trade. So, is classified as Vulnerable.

Justification of the population

It is estimated that the population size is lower to 10.000 mature individuals, based on a provisional assessment of locations where any numbers of the species are likely to be retained. It also, it is considered possible that the population supposedly higher in Sumbawa does not exceed 1.000 mature individuals.

Justification trend

It is suspected that the population is experiencing descent moderately fast because of unsustainable levels of exploitation.

Conservation actions and research in progress

Appendix II of the CITES, where they include species that are not necessarily threatened with extinction, but in which trade must be controlled in order to avoid utilization incompatible with their survival. CMS Appendix II (Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals).

Proposed Research and Conservation Actions

– Estimate the population and assess population trends and scale of capture pressure.
– Carry out a species-specific survey to identify important sites, in order to provide protection.
– Conduct research on their status and habitat use (with particular attention to food ecology and forest fragmentation).
– Initiate awareness campaigns to enlist the support of local people in protecting forests and preventing illegal trade.

"Scarlet-breasted Lorikeet" in captivity:

Rare in captivity. Each captive specimen of this species which is capable of reproducing, must be placed in a well-managed captive breeding program and not sold as a pet, in order to ensure its long-term survival. However it copies sold from the Loroparque Foundation at a price of around 400 EUR.

In captivity, It appeared in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century, for example, in 1896 It was imported by the London Zoo. The first offspring of the world recorded in 1990 on India.

The Scarlet-breasted Lorikeet It has a longevity 20 years in nature, 15-25 years in captivity.

Alternative names:

– Rainbow Lorikeet (Sunset), Scarlet-breasted Lorikeet, Scarley-breasted Lorikeet, Sunset Lorikeet (English).
– Loriquet à face bleue, Loriquet à tête bleue (de Forsten), Loriquet à tête bleue [forsteni], Loriquet de Forsten (French).
– Bali-Allfarblori, Forstenlori (German).
– Lóris-de-forstein (Portuguese).
– Lori de Puesta del Sol, Lori pechiescarlata (español).


Charles Lucien Bonaparte
Charles Lucien Bonaparte

scientific classification:


– Order: Psittaciformes
– Family: Psittaculidae
– Gender: Trichoglossus
– Scientific name: Trichoglossus forsteni
– Subpoena: Bonaparte, 1850
– Protonimo: Psittacus forsteni

“Scarlet-breasted Lory” Images:

Lori-pechiescarlata-(5)
Lori-pechiescarlata-(4)
Lori-pechiescarlata-(3)
Lori-pechiescarlata-(2)

"Scarlet Peechie Lori" (Trichoglossus forsteni)

    Sources:

    • Avibase
    • Parrots of the World – Forshaw Joseph M
    • Parrots A Guide to the Parrots of the World – Tony Juniper & Mike Parr
    • Birdlife

    Photos:

    (1) – Sunset Lorikeet (also known as the Scarlet-breasted Lorikeet and Forsten’s Lorikeet) at Cincinnati Zoo, USA by Ted [CC BY-SA 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
    (2) – A Sunset Lorikeet (also known as the Scarlet-breasted Lorikeet and Forsten’s Lorikeet) at Cincinnati Zoo, Ohio, USA by Ted [CC BY-SA 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
    (3) – Two Rainbow Lorikeets at Newport Aquarium. This subspecies of the Rainbow Lorikeet is also called Forsten’s Lorikeet by Trichoglossus_haematodus_-Newport_Aquarium-8a.jpg: Jeff Kubinaderivative work: Snowmanradio [CC BY-SA 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
    (4) – Two Rainbow Lorikeets at Newport Aquarium. This subspecies of the Rainbow Lorikeet is also called Forsten’s Lorikeet
    Date 22 April 2009, 15:31 (UTC)_haematodus_-Newport_Aquarium-8a.jpg: Jeff Kubinaderivative work: Snowmanradio [CC BY-SA 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
    (5) – Lories at the Jurong BirdPark, Singapore. Taken by Terence Ong in November 2006. Trichoglossus haematodus forsteni by rk, Singapore. Taken by Terence Ong in November 2006. Trichoglossus haematodus forsteniNo machine-readable author provided. Terence assumed (based on copyright claims). [GFDL, CC-BY-SA-3.0 or CC BY 2.5], via Wikimedia Commons

    – Sounds: Patrik Åberg, XC40063. accessible www.xeno-canto.org/40063

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Brown-breasted Parakeet
Pyrrhura calliptera

Origin: Colombia
Character: curious and active.
Life expectancy: ----
Height: 22-23 cm..


Brown-breasted Parakeet

Content

Description:

Brown-breasted Parakeet

22-23 cm.. height.

The Brown-breasted Parakeet (Pyrrhura calliptera) is easily recognized by the Wing mirror yellow in flight. In general it is green, with a red spot on the ear; chest brown reddish and sides of the neck characteristic dark brown.

Shoulder mostly yellow up to half of the wing and the end of the same pardo-olivaceo.
The primary feathers are blue and their covert wing external and internal yellow, usually with orange blend.
The tail reddish brown. Its bill pale yellowish; irises yellow; eye ring white.

The immature lack of yellow in the wings.

Habitat:

It inhabits in Misty jungles Andean and sub-andinas with canopy 15 to 25 m, secondary forests and Paramo, from 1700 to 3400 m. They fly at dawn and at dusk flocks, usually small of 6 to 12 individuals on the canopy of the forest.

Reproduction:

It nests in, generally, in cavities of trees located in wooded pastures or pasture surrounded by secondary forest fragments, bedrooms for both nests.
breeding conditions they have been observed in August and October, as well as between November and January in Fusagasugá, Farallon de Medina and Soatá (Cortes-Herrera et to the., 2007) and from September to February in the Chingaza National Park (Arenas-Mosquera 2011).

The size average of the laying is of 5-6 eggs of color whitish. The chicks take of 60 to 70 days to complete its development.

Food:

Diet Brown-breasted Parakeet consists in fruit (including plants of the Ericaceae, Lauraceae, Melastomataceae and Clusiaceae (Cortes-Herrera et to the., 2007), seeds and cultivated corn, Although flocks larger were observed in areas open to eating leaves and seeds (O. Courteous in litt., 2012).

Distribution:

Size distribution (reproduction / resident): 1,000 km2

Endemic. Cordillera Oriental in Colombia. Since Boyacá to southwest of Cundinamarca. Has also been reported in the departments of Santander, Norte de Santander and Casanare in the localities of the Arrayanes and Salina.

The population total has been estimated at 5.000-10.000 individuals.

Conservation:

State of conservation ⓘ

Vulnerable Vulnerable ⓘ (UICN)ⓘ

• Current category of the Red List of the UICN: Vulnerable.

• Population trend: Decreasing.

This species has a range very small and a small population, known in less than ten places in what is rapidly declining due to the loss of habitat and persecution as as plague by including cultivated corn in their diet.

These declines in population range are expected to continue.. So, qualified as vulnerable.

It is estimated that its population amounts to between 5.000 and 10.000 individuals, equivalent approximately to 3.300-6.700 mature individuals.

"Brown-breasted Parakeet" in captivity:

Not usually find it in captivity.

Alternative names:

– Brown-breasted Parakeet, Brown breasted Parakeet, Brown-backed Conure, Brown-backed Parakeet, Brown-breasted Conure, Flame-winged Conure, Flame-winged Parakeet (English).
– Perriche à poitrine brune, Perruche à poitrine brune (French).
– Braunbrustsittich, Braunbrust-Sittich (German).
– Tiriba-de-peito-marron (Portuguese).
– Cotorra Pechiparda, Perico Bello, Periquito Aliamarillo (español).

scientific classification:

– Order: Psittaciformes
– Family: Psittacidae
– Genus: Pyrrhura
– Scientific name: Pyrrhura calliptera
– Citation: (Massena & Souancé, 1854)
– Protonimo: Conurus callipterus

Images "Brown-breasted Parakeet"

Videos "Brown-breasted Parakeet"

Parrots in the world

Especies del género Pyrrhura

Brown-breasted Parakeet (Pyrrhura calliptera)


Sources:

– Avibase
– Parrots of the World – Forshaw Joseph M
– Parrots A Guide to the Parrots of the World – Tony Juniper & Mike Parr
– Birdlife
– Wiki Aves de Colombia

– Photos:

(1) – Flame-winged Parakeet (Pyrrhura calliptera) By Ron Knight from Seaford, East Sussex, United Kingdom (Flame-winged Parakeet (Pyrrhura calliptera)) [CC BY 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(2) – Pyrrhura calliptera By J. Davernes (biodiversitylibrary.org) [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons

– Sounds: (Xeno-canto)

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Orange-chinned Parakeet
Brotogeris jugularis

Origin: Mexico, Venezuela, Colombia
Character: Alive and active
Life expectancy: 15 years
Height: 17 to 20 cm..

Orange-chinned Parakeet

Content

Description:

catita-churica-7

17 to 20 cm.. height.
The Orange-chinned Parakeet (Brotogeris jugularis) has the forecrown, crown, back of the neck and upper cheeks, bright green with blue tinge; lores and lower cheeks, duller green with olive tinge. feathers in the the mantle and the top of the back, olive-green with more green tips; Scapulars Green tipped bronce-marrones; lower back and rump, bluish green. Lesser coverts and median, foliage color, with a patch large in the shoulder; Primary coverts blue, greater coverts green. Flight feathers greenish blue above, Blue-Green below with less yellow in the underwing-coverts.
Bright orange stain in the throat, which flying becomes very evident. Underparts brighter yellowish green, more blue from the belly up to the undertail-coverts. Upper, the tail bluish green; by below more pale and yellowish.

Bill color pale horn; bare periophthalmic whitish; irises dark brown; legs pink.

The plumage of both sexes are similar.

Description 2 subspecies:

  • Brotogeris jugularis exsul

    (Todd, 1917) – Has the back and rump olive, and dorsally the wing darker, In addition the stain in the neck smaller.

    • Brotogeris jugularis exsul
    Brotogeris jugularis exsul

  • Brotogeris jugularis jugularis

    (Statius Müller, 1776) – Nominal.

Habitat:

The Orange-chinned Parakeet prefer, generally, forests or partially wooded habitats with bushes, deciduous forest, dry and wet, plantations, edge of light and areas cultivated or grasslands with trees large. It tolerates human presence and it attends the parks and gardens in cities. Most numerous in partially deforested areas, mainly in tropical zone, Although it amounts to subtropical vegetation zones in (for example, the Cordillera de Guanacaste, Costa Rica. Observed at altitudes of 500 m (Guatemala), 900 m (Honduras), 1.360 m (El Salvador), 1.200 m (Costa Rica), 1.000 m (Venezuela). Usually, in pairs or small groups, with large gatherings where abundant food. More gregarious outside of breeding season. Rest communally on rubbers (Ficus sp.) or palms.

Son very good flying, in nature there have been flights of up to 45 kilometres per hour.

Reproduction:

Nest from May to July in tree hollows (including old Woodpecker nests) and termite mounds. A laying, usually, compose of four to six white eggs, What hatch after a few 26 days of incubation. The chicks leave the nest about 42 days after birth.

Sometimes colonial. Reproduction reported in March in Mexico; January in El Salvador; February-April in Panama; January-March in Colombia.

Food:

Feeds of seeds and fruits trees of Bombax, Ficus, Muntingia, Byrsonima, Cecropia, Ceiba, flowers and nectar of Erythrina, raft and guava. It feeds mainly in the canopy. They can be destructive crops (for example, Mango).

Distribution:

Size of the area of distribution (reproduction / resident): 781.000 km2

This parakeet occupies the lowlands of the southern Pacific slope of Mexico, in Oaxaca and Chiapas (reports of Warrior dubious) and areas adjacent to Guatemala and El Salvador, lowlands of the Honduran Pacific, and slopes of the Pacific and Caribbean Nicaragua.

In Costa Rica is mainly a bird of your side of the peaceful, but comes into the lowlands of the Caribbean adjacent, to the South of the Lake Cocibolca, spreading through the Pacific lowlands and the Caribbean from Panama, including the Islands Coiba and Cebaco.

Are also distributed to the West of the Andes in Colombia, to the south, to Atrato River and in the Caribbean lowlands of the region of Santa Marta and Serrania del Perija and further South, to the top of the Magdalena River Valley and lowlands of Norte de Santander and Arauca.

In Venezuela It extends from the North of the Orinoco in Zulia, Táchira North, Merida Western, the coastal mountains Yaracuy and Carabobo and in the lowlands of Portuguese, Cojedes, barinas, Apure and Guarico.

The Orange-chinned Parakeet are, mainly, residents although they roam locally in some areas (for example, in El Salvador after breeding season).

Usually of common to abundant though apparently uncommon at the local level (for example, Oaxaca).

Captured for the trade and common in captivity in countries of the range.

Distribution 2 subspecies:

Conservation:

State of conservation ⓘ

minor concern Minor Concern ⓘ (UICN)ⓘ

• Current category of the Red List of the UICN: Least concern.

• Population trend: Stable.

Justification of the population

Partners in Flight estimate your total population in 500,000-4,999,999 individuals (A. Panjabi in litt., 2008).

Justification of trend

They suspected that the population is stable in absence of evidence of any decline or threatens substantial.

"Orange-chinned Parakeet" in captivity:

Very common in captivity does time. It is a bird very shy and easily alarmable but with the passage of time creates a good emotional relationship with his owner. It can be aggressive with other smaller parrots.

Alternative names:

– Orange-chinned Parakeet, Bee Bee Parakeet, Brown-shouldered Parakeet, Mexican Parakeet, Orange chinned Parakeet, Tovi Parakeet (English).
– Toui à menton d’or, Perruche à front orange, Perruche tovi, Toui à menton jaune (French).
– Tovisittich, Goldkinnsittich (German).
– Periquito-de-queixo-laranja (Portuguese).
– Catita Churica, Chocoyo Barbinaranja, Perico Ala Amarilla, perico ala-amarilla, perico barbinaranja, Periquito Barbinaranja, Periquito Bronceado, Periquito de Alas Doradas (español).
– Periquito Bronceado (Colombia).
– Periquito barbinaranja (Costa Rica).
– perico barbinaranja (Honduras).
– perico ala amarilla, perico ala-amarilla, Periquito Barbinaranja (Mexico).
– Chocoyo Barbinaranja (Nicaragua).
– Perico Ala Marrón (Venezuela).

scientific classification:

– Order: Psittaciformes
– Family: Psittacidae
– Genus: Brotogeris
– Scientific name: Brotogeris jugularis
– Citation: (Statius Müller, 1776)
– Protonimo: Psittacus jugularis

Images Orange-chinned Parakeet:

Catita-Churica-(5)
Catita-Churica-(4)
Catita-Churica-(3)
Catita-Churica-(2)

Parrots in the world

Species of the genus Brotogeris

Sources:

– Avibase
– Parrots of the World – Forshaw Joseph M
– Parrots A Guide to the Parrots of the World – Tony Juniper & Mike Parr
– Birdlife

– Photos:

(1) – A pet Orange-chinned Parakeet in Panama By Nelson de Witt from USA (IMG_2058Uploaded by Snowmanradio) [CC BY-SA 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(2) – An Orange-chinned Parakeet feeding in Panama By Brian Gratwicke (Flickr: Orange-chinned Parakeet) [CC BY 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(3) – Orange-chinned parakeets in Panama City, Rep. of Panama. Aproximadamente tres o cuatro meses de edad By Ricaurte Puga (Own work) [GFDL or CC BY-SA 4.0-3.0-2.5-2.0-1.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(4) – Brotogeris jugularis en El Salvador tomando Coca Cola By Kevinmenendez (Own work) [GFDL or CC BY 3.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(5) – This is the smallest parakeet in El Salvador know as Catalnica, Perico de Lesson, Orange-chinned Parakeet (Brotogeris Jugularis) By ceasol (Flickr) [CC BY-SA 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(6) – Orange-chinned Parakeet | Brown wing parakeet (Brotogeris jugularis exsul) by Fernando Flores – Flickr
(7) – Conurus jugularis Dev. & Cast. = Brotogeris jugularis (Müller, 1776) by Francis de Laporte de Castelnau [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons

– Sounds: (Xeno-Canto)

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Red billed Parrot
Pionus sordidus

Origin: Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Bolivia, Peru
Character: Active, sociable
Life expectancy: 20 to 25 years
Height: 28 to 31 cm..

Tropicbird Parrot

Content


Anatomy-parrots

Description:

The Red billed Parrot (Pionus sordidus), of looking scruffy, has a length of 28 to 31 cm. and a weight between 255 and 275 g..

The subspecies Pionus sordidus corallinus, the most widespread, has the feathers of the forecrown, lores and behind the eyes, Green at the base and with blue edges widths; the cheeks, ear-coverts and the sides of the neck, mainly green with some blue narrow tips; the crown and rear of the neck, Green with edges blue narrow. Mantle and back pretty dull green with paler blue margins; rump and uppertail-coverts, of color green basally, more Brown olive distally. Coverts medium and small with wide olive green tips; the front edge of the wing ; coverts primary and higher and flight feather brightest which the parts superiores and others wing-coverts.

Under, the wings green; chin green; throat and upper breast with band broadband of color blue violet; belly green, Some birds with gray Suffusion; undertail-coverts crimson. Tail Green by the Center, Blue side; Red at the base.

Bill coral red, pale at the base of the upper jaw; cere dark grey; bare periophthalmic pale grey; Iris dark brown; legs pale grey.

Both sexes are similar. Immature sample undertail-coverts yellowish-green with some red marks; head green.

Subspecies description

Description 6 subspecies

  • Pionus sordidus antelius

    (Todd, 1947) – Similar to the nominal species but the feathers of the throat lack of edges blue and the center of the chest is in color pink.

  • Pionus sordidus corallinus

    (Bonaparte, 1854) – Described above.

  • Pionus sordidus mindoensis

    (Chapman, 1925) – Is as the subspecies Pionus sordidus corallinus, but of color green more beige, those edges blue of the feathers of the head are more narrow and the under wing-coverts not have them edges dark.

  • Pionus sordidus ponsi

    (Aveledo & Gines, 1950) – Throat of color blue violet almost solid. The chest and upperparts they are darker and greener that the of the nominal species, they lack clear margins to the feathers of the back and of the wing-coverts.

  • Pionus sordidus saturatus

    (Todd, 1915) – More dark and more green that it nominal species with the feathers of the upperparts lack of margins of color green olive. Less green in the throat and cheeks.

  • Pionus sordidus sordidus

    (Linnaeus, 1758) – Nominal. Much more Brown that the subspecies Pionus sordidus corallinus, with blue (turquoise) more reduced in the throat. Feathers in them upperparts with most distinctive pale margins.

Habitat:

Red billed Parrot

It is a very rare species. It inhabits in mountains of humid and semi-humid cloudy forests, edges of forest and partially deforested areas, between 200-2850 m, Although they are more frequent at altitudes of 500-1.500 m. They use areas of secondary growth, partially deforested with tall trees scattered and sometimes light forests on coffee plantations, being less frequent in dry areas.

Gregarious outside of breeding season; formations in flocks of up to 50 birds, sometimes more where the food is abundant. Children sleep in community.

Reproduction:

They nest in the cavity of the trees, sometimes in very degraded habitats. Birds in breeding attitude during the months of February-April in Colombia; It breeds in the months of April-June in Venezuela, January-may in Ecuador; Nest occupied in October in Bolivia. Laying three eggs in captivity.

Food:

Feeds of fruit, berries and seeds.

Distribution:

Size of the area of distribution (reproduction / resident): 169.000 km2

This species has a distribution batch through them land high in the North and West of South America, from Venezuela to the North of Bolivia. You can find in the North of Venezuela, in the mountains of Anzoátegui, Sucre, North of Monagas and apparently, of way to discontinuous, in the Highlands of the Federal District through the mountains coastal, to the West, until Lara and Falcon, then in the Sierra de Perija, Zulia and parts adjacent in Colombia, West to the foothills of Santa Marta in Magdalena, also locally in the Eastern Andes of Boyacá and Huila. Extends over the Western side of the Andes in Ecuador, from Pichincha until Gold and for all the East side to the northeast of Peru.

Although there are no records in the Eastern Andean slope, in the central and southern Peru, the range includes the Yungas North of Bolivia in Santa Cruz and Cochabamba.

common locally; apparently less numerous in the West of Ecuador and North of Bolivia, and probably in decline locally due to the deforestation (for example, in the Ecuador Western, North of Venezuela and Andes of Colombia).

A recent study not localized to the subspecies Pionus sordidus antelius in its area of distribution widely cleared, Although the subspecies can dwell in forests moderately disturbed.

Kept as pets locally although generally scarce in captivity.

Subspecies distribution

Distribution 6 subspecies

Conservation:


minor concern


• Current category of the Red List of the UICN: Least concern.

• Population trend: Decreasing.

Justification of the population

The size of the world population It has not been quantified, but this species is described as «quite common» (Stotz et to the., 1996).

Justification of trend

It is suspected that the population is in decline due to ongoing habitat destruction.

"Red billed Parrot" in captivity:

Very rare in captivity. In general, they are not so nervous in temperament as other parrots. They can learn to imitate.

Its diet in captivity It varied: fruits such as: Apple, orange, banana, granada, Cactus, they form approximately the 30 percent of the diet; vegetables such as: Carrot, celery, green beans, pea in the pod, fresh corn; Greens such as: chard, lettuce, dandelion, Aviary grass; millet; mixture of small seeds, such as: millet, birdseed, and small amounts of oats, buckwheat, safflower and hemp; soaked and sprouted sunflower seeds; beans, cooked legumes and boiled corn; hard cheese.

Alternative names:

– Red-billed Parrot, Dusky parrot, Red billed Parrot, Sordid parrot (English).
– Pione à bec rouge, Perroquet sordide (French).
– Dunenkopfpapagei, Dunenkopf, Dunenkopf-Papagei (German).
– Curica-de-bico-vermelho (Portuguese).
– Cotorra Piquirroja, Loro de Pico Rojo, Loro Piquirrojo (español).
– Cotorra piquiroja, Cotorra Piquirroja (Colombia).
– Loro de Pico Rojo (Peru).
– Perico Pico Rojo (Venezuela).

scientific classification:

Carl Linnaeus
Carl Linnaeus

– Order: Psittaciformes
– Family: Psittacidae
– Genus: Pionus
– Scientific name: Pionus sordidus
– Citation: (Linnaeus, 1758)
– Protonimo: Psittacus sordidus


Images «Loro Piquirrojo»:

Loro-Piquirrojo-(5)
Loro-Piquirrojo-(4)
Loro-Piquirrojo-(3)
Loro-Piquirrojo-(2)

Videos "Red billed Parrot"

«Loro Piquirrojo» (Pionus sordidus)

Sources:

  • Avibase
  • Parrots of the World – Forshaw Joseph M
  • Parrots A Guide to the Parrots of the World – Tony Juniper & Mike Parr
  • Birdlife
  • Parrot Book, Parrots and macaws Neotropical

  • Photos:

(1) – Red-billed Parrot, Pionus s. sordidus, Perico Pico Rojo – Our beautiful world
(2) – Red-billed Parrot, Pionus s. sordidus, Perico Pico Rojo – Our beautiful world
(3) – Red-billed Parrot, Pionus s. sordidus, Perico Pico Rojo – Our beautiful world
(4) – Red-billed Parrot (also known ans the Red-billed Pionus); two captive By TJ Lin (originally posted to Flickr as coral-billed pionus) [CC BY-SA 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(5) – Red-billed-Parrot (Pionus sordidus), Pajaro Jumbo Reserve, NW Ecuador By Nomdeploom (Own work) [CC BY-SA 4.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(6) – BARRABAND, Jacques (1767/8-1809) Le Perroquet brun [Red-billed Parrot (Pionus sordidus)] – Wikimedia

  • Sounds: Sebastian K. Herzog

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Baudin's black cockatoo
Zanda baudinii

Origin: Australia
Character: ----
Life expectancy: 50 years
Height: 50 to 57 cm..

Baudin's black cockatoo

Content

Description

50 to 57 cm.. height and weight between 560 and 770 g.
to Baudin's black cockatoo (Zanda baudinii) is almost entirely of black, with whitish margins in the feathers, patches rounded on them ear-coverts (yellowish to white in the female and Brown to grey in the male), white rectangular panels in the tail.
has a powerful bill (with greatly elongated upper jaw), Black in the male and white-gray color with a black color in the female tip.
Iris dark brown surrounded by a eye ring Red in the male and female grey.
Tail rounded, crest Erectile and legs greys. birds youth are like adults in appearance, but the bill of the male juvenile is equal to the of the of the female adult. The bill the juvenile male begins to darken after the second year.

Habitat:

Its natural habitat is the dense forests dominated by the Marris (Corymbia calophylla) in the extreme southwest of Australia.

Gregaria, is often seen in groups of three, a pair of adults with a young, or in small groups. Occasionally they gather in large flocks of up to 300 birds during the non-breeding season, usually in places where food is abundant.

Reproduction:

Very little is known about the reproductive biology This cockatoo, such as their reproduction area, nesting events calendar, the nest tree, Characteristics of holes for nests, implementation size, incubation period, incipient and successful nesting period.

Little is known about their reproductive cycle because nests are extremely difficult to locate.. Most of the characteristics of the biology of the species are inferred from the Short-billed black cockatoo.

They show a strong union of couple and probably is pair of by life. They remain together throughout the year, except when the female is incubating eggs. Probably they begin to breed at the age of four. The species breeds in late winter and spring, from August to November or December. Copulation probably takes place three days before laying. The female lays one or two white eggs and you can lay an egg of replacement if the first since egg fails. The incubation lasts a few 29 days and only the female incubates them. The chicks remain in the nest for a maximum of 16 weeks.

The nests are composed of a layer of wood chips, built in large hollow in the high eucalyptus, 30 to 40 cm. in diameter and more than 30 depth cm.

Food:

Are fed mainly from the seeds of MARRI and Karri. They are also fond of the rending of wood, Apart from pierce the bark of trunks in search of larvae. Apple trees and pear trees are frequently visited to enjoy its fruits.

Distribution:

Confined in the South-West of Western Australia, especially among Perth, Albany and Margaret River.

Distribution Long-billed Black-billed Cockatoo

Small captive populations in the Melbourne Zoo, in the Healesville sanctuary in Victoria, and in the Zoo of Perth. The species is bred in captivity with great difficulty.

Conservation:

State of conservation ⓘ

Vulnerable Vulnerable ⓘ (UICN)ⓘ

In Australia is listed as Vulnerable by the law on protection and conservation of biodiversity for the environment.

The total population of the species is estimated at 12.500 individuals, with one downward trend.
Before the inclusion of the threatened species, the annual reproductive rate was of 0,6 per couple, too low to replace the large number of birds that were killed by horticulturists to protect their crops. It is now illegal to shoot these birds, However is it still done.

In captivity:

Appears in the Appendix II of CITES, what limited international trade in the species. It´s illegal capture These wild birds, a penalty of up to 10,000 $. This cockatoo is protected under the Wildlife Conservation Act of Australia.

Alternative names:

– Baudin’s Black Cockatoo, Long-billed Black Cockatoo, White tailed Black Cockatoo (English).
– Cacatoès de Baudin (French).
– Langschnabel-Rußkakadu, Weißohr-Rabenkakadu (German).
– Cacatua-negra-de-bico-longo (Portuguese).
– Cacatúa Fúnebre de Pico Largo, Cacatúa Fúnebre Piquilarga (español).

scientific classification:

– Order: Psittaciformes
– Family: Cacatuidae
– Scientific name: Zanda baudinii
– Genus: Zanda
– Citation: Lear, 1832
– Protonimo: Zanda Baudinii

Images:

cacatua-funebre-piquilarga-1
cacatua-funebre-piquilarga-2
cacatua-funebre-piquilarga-3
cacatua-funebre-piquilarga-4

Parrots in the world

Species of the genus Zanda
  • Zanda funerea
  • —- Zanda funeral funeral
  • —- Zanda funerea whiteae
  • —- Zanda funerary xanthanota
  • Zanda baudinii
  • Zanda latirostris

    • Sources:
    – Avibase, Australian Government
    – Photos: Long-billed Black-cockatoo, Taronga Zoo, Sydney, Wikipedia, Goura (zoochat.com),
    – Sounds: Chris Benesh (controles-canto.org)

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    Cockatiel
    Nymphicus hollandicus

    Origin: Australia
    Character: Smart
    Life expectancy: 20 years
    Height: 25 to 33 cm..


    Cacatúa Ninfa

    Content

    Description

    25-33 cm.. length and a weight between 80 and 100 grams approximately.
    This small cockatoo is no doubt an of the bird's cage more common in the world.
    The Cockatiel (Nymphicus hollandicus) adult has the head and the basis of the crest yellow.
    Stain handset is orange, paler on the back.
    The neck and the long crest feathers are grey.
    The upperparts are of color grey Pearl dark.
    The wings are grey, but exhibit a white color in the covered and sides.
    The underparts are a grey clear.
    The tail varies from medium gray to dark gray, the base of the tail is paler.
    The bill is grey, the irises dark brown.
    The legs are grey-brown.

    The female presents the stain handset duller, the tuft is less developed, In addition instead of the yellow, the head presents a yellowish grey with yellow dirty envelope the forecrown and a vaguely colorless gray general staining and staining is generally less intense.
    The immature are much similar to the females, but have the tail shorter.

    We find Pearl specimens in captivity, White, Gray and lutinos.

    Habitat:

    Video – "Cockatiel" (Nymphicus hollandicus)

    Funny Parrot (Nymphicus Hollandicus)
    Watch this video on YouTube.

    The cockatoo Nymph they live in a wide variety of habitats, including open forests, small acacia forests that line the rivers and even stretches of Spinifex (Triodia) they are perennial and grow in semi-arid regions.

    Also found in farmland, in the stubble and the orchards, as well as on the plains and along the roads.

    In dry areas are observed in pairs or in groups of up to 100 individuals.

    When feed, the groups contain an average of 27 Member. But, We have already seen demonstrations of almost 1.000 birds near landfills containing vegetable remainders of the rice milling.

    Near the points of water, the cockatoo Nymph are often associated with the Budgerigar (Melopsittacus undulatus).

    Estas Cockatoos eat twice a day: In the morning, shortly after the Sun, consuming around 2,72 grams of plant material. At night, about an hour and a half before the night, eating around a mass of 4,25 g., It is almost 7 grams for the whole day.

    Son great travellers.
    Outside of the nesting season, they form large gatherings around the planting of cereals.
    As they feed on seeds, these birds need water and in times of drought, sometimes bands come to the coast.

    All these movements are quite unpredictable, since they are related to the weather conditions and the State of the food resources. But, in the South of the continent, migrations are more regular: the birds come to nest during the austral spring and usually go away early in the new year.

    Son gregarious and very social, so they need a wide repertoire of calls to communicate or express their feelings. They have a great power to imitate other birds.

    Reproduction:

    In the North, the reproduction is carried out between April and July, While in the South occurs in general from August to December.
    The nest is located in a tree hollow whose bottom is padded with sawdust shavings. Most of the time, the nesting site is placed near a source of water in which poultry cooled daily.

    The spawning has between 3 and 7 eggs they are incubated alternately by both parents for a few 20 days. 4 eggs are a normal litter. There will be several broods during the season. At birth, the chicks have a thick down comforter yellow. They receive their food mainly in the morning and in the evening.

    Chicks they leave the nest after 3 to 4 weeks, but they remain within the family group, Depending on their parents for 1 month. After this time, they join large flocks that roam in search of food.

    Food:

    Consume a wide variety of small seeds He collected soil, including the cultivated fields of sorghum and sunflower. When they are abundant, local seed varieties are generally preferred to the seeds that come from crops.

    Distribution:

    Distribucion Nymphicus hollandicus
    Endemic to Australia. Its range covers a vast majority of the continent, except wet coastal areas. Also absent from the Cape York Peninsula, districts located more to the South in winter and areas located more to the North in the summer.

    After heavy rainfall, large meetings can be set up in the center of the country where they are, usually, absent.

    Conservation:

    State of conservation ⓘ

    minor concern Minor Concern ⓘ (UICN)ⓘ

    – Current IUCN Red List category: Least concern.

    – The population trend: Stable

    This bird is very common and extended throughout the area. Probably its population grows, It has benefited from the facilities and artificial reservoirs for the development of agriculture.

    Its population It is estimated in around a million of birds. The birds that sought to be introduced in the United States they have failed in their attempts to establish themselves in the wild.

    In Australia, these small cockatoos are often persecuted for considering them pests for agriculture.

    "Cockatiel" in captivity:

    The Nymphs or Carolinas they are highly prized birds as pets by its docile nature and for being less demanding than the larger parrots. The nymphs they are perfectly suited to life in the home, they are easy to care for and if you homeschool them from small become companions adorable and very affectionate.

    They generally live in pairs or in colonies, that is why it is very common to mate them, to be able to enjoy the birth of the offspring and their development.

    They usually enjoy sharing their time with people and rather stick to their owners, Each bird has its personality, so you don't like all that take them into your hands. Males can sing and learn to mimic a few words, but they are much better to imitating sounds, as melodies, sirens or other birds singing. Females vocalize much less but tend to also be more caring.

    The nymphs are birds Smart, of friendly character and practically does not present problems of behaviour. They are easily adapted to family life and learn to interact and communicate with people who love. If you've decided to adopt one of these cute birds, make sure you dedicate time to your training to get to have a great pet. This will help you create a strong emotional bond between you and you will also keep it entertaining, mentally active, healthy and happy.

    Alternative names:

    – Cockatiel, Cockatoo Parrot, Crested Parrot, Quarrion, Weero (ingles).
    – Calopsitte élégante, Perruche calopsitte (French).
    – Nymphensittich (German).
    – Cocatiel (Portuguese).
    – Cacatúa Ninfa, Carolina, Ninfa (español).

    scientific classification:

    – Order: Psittaciformes
    – Family: Cacatuidae
    – Scientific name: Nymphicus hollandicus
    – Genus: Nymphicus
    – Citation: (Kerr, 1792)
    – Protonimo: Psittacus hollandicus

    Images Cockatoo Nymph:

    cacatua-ninfa-1
    cacatua-ninfa-2
    cacatua-ninfa-3
    cacatua-ninfa-4

    Parrots in the world

    Sources:
    – Avibase, elblogdemaskota
    – Photos: commons.wikimedia.org, huffingtonpost.com, optusnet.com.au, cockateil.NET, galleryhip.com
    – Sounds: Marc Anderson (Xeno-canto)

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