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FCI 247 - Molossoid . Mountain 
FCI 335 - Molossoid . Mountain 
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The dog Central Asian Shepherd Dog (среднеазиатская овчарка or Sredneaziatskaya Ovtcharka, also known as, Volkodav or The Crusher Wolf) is recognized by the FCI, as a breed of molosser dog Russia, where most of the copies.
Russian cynological clubs agree that this is one of the most popular breeds in the country, on many occasions, considering it the number 1 in the ranking of Russian dog breeds.
The Central Asian Shepherd Dog It probably originated in a geographical area between the Urals, the Caspian Sea, Asia minor, and the Northwest of the border of China. The Central Asian Shepherd Dog, as well as mixtures with other breeds, yet, can be found in their countries of origin, as Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan, Afghanistan, Uzbekistan and neighboring countries.
Some serve as guardians of livestock, some protect their owners, and some are used for dog fighting, which is a national tradition in many countries of the region. Russian scientists and biologists have studied the local dog population since the 18th century., so far.
After the Communist revolution, the Soviet Government focused on the working dog breeds for the Red Army, and imported the best representatives of the race to Russia accordance with the requirements of the army and guard dogs. For decades, This practice has harmed the local population. In addition to a large number of casualties, the introduction of new breeds to the region led to crossbreeding. With the time, purebred dogs were only left with some pastors and race enthusiasts, but in other places there was an excess of crosses.
But, and despite all, today the population of purebred dogs Central Asian Shepherd Dog remains stable, in general, and the reproduction of some true quality dogs that do honor to his capacity for work has been, regardless of country of origin.
In Europe, the Central Asian Shepherd Dog is relatively unknown, but in the countries of Central Asia it is still used as a working dog and accompanies shepherds on their walks through the steppes.
This breed has many varieties that differ in the size, the color, head types, and the types of fur. For these reasons it is very difficult to establish an official standard of the breed.
The Central Asian Shepherd Dog it is a dog of large or medium size, of rough constitution and strong musculature. Its coat is composed of the hard and smooth top layer and the abundant and dense inner layer. The top layer can be short (3 – 5 cm.) or slightly longer (7 – 10 cm.). With a longer top layer forms a distinctive mane around the neck. Due to a well developed undercoat and different lengths of the top coat, dogs adapt well to different weather conditions.
The coat color of the Central Asian Shepherd Dog it's very diverse: it comes in the colors white, black, grey, red fox, Brown grey, straw yellow, mackerel, spotted and mottled.
The ears are triangular, low-set and pendulous. The tail is thick at the base and set quite high. The natural tail is long and is carried like a sickle tail. Tail and ear docking is still practiced in the countries of origin.
Although there are unique characteristics of the purebred breed of dog Central Asian Shepherd Dog, such as being extremely flexible, This is very notable in their joints, have false ribs, the very strong neck and a large Chin.
Some have a black mask. The head is very solid, the neck is of low insertion, short, with double chin. The body is quite broad and proportionate with very flat muscles.. The ribcage appears very long, because they have their famous false ribs. The legs are straight, typical movement is a gallop.
He has expressive eyes, almost human, revealing his inimitable intelligence.
According to the qualities of work required by the owners, the modern Pastor of Central Asia has been raised in different directions, trying to highlight specific skills. Within the traditional area of origin of these canes, the dog fights were always, but they were never so cruel and destructive as the fights of type Pit Bull Terrier.
Every year the shepherds of the area would gather to organize dog fights Central Asian Shepherd, but unlike the bloody and ruthless fights of which we are used to hearing news, in this case they were fighting for the guardianship of a herd, and the winner was the dog that eventually, it was done with the control of it. It was about 'domination' instead of destroying each other's own kind.
Dogs rarely hurt each other, minor scratches were caused in most cases. only true leaders, In fact, you measured through a real fight, but that was not the most common. The primary task of these dogs has always been the defence of the flock to the attacks of various predators and venomous snakes.
The Pastor of Central Asia, It is one of the most powerful group of livestock guardian dogs dogs, after the Caucasian Shepherd Dog, the Kangal, Akbash, for example.
The height at the cross 60 to 65 cm.. And weigh in 37 to 50 kg.
In the news, rural people continue to demand and use the Central Asian Shepherd Dog like cattle watchdog, Although not as well as old.
These dogs, to varying degrees, are protectors against human intruders, they are very territorial, excellent with children, shall ensure them as if were his flock were. Love and respect for older people are some of its characteristics, to protect all small animals from predators, they are very kind and attached with the members of the family.
They do not need any complicated training to learn the basic rules of the house but they are quite stubborn and very independent dogs., the Central Asian Shepherd Dog It must be able to work as a team to protect sheep against predators, therefore, If the animal has an overly aggressive character, both other dogs as with people outside the family, they cannot be members of a Pack, and it would not pass the simple test for the fulfillment of the object origin of the race.
The Central Asian Shepherd Dog can come from build lines which print a very different character: of work, combat, and livestock guardian, and act accordingly, regardless of the country of origin.
According to the different kennel clubs, the classification within the groups varies, The Russian Kennel Club classifies the Central Asian Shepherd Dog like a working dog, that is reflected in the exceptional results in obedience, protection and training relating to the army.
Modern reproduction of the main Canine Clubs of Russia requirements, require to register copies of Central Asian Shepherd Dog a mandatory temperament test and an accredited training certificate, Besides show rating. In these tests the ability of the dog stands for fit and adapt to dog guardians shepherds of other flocks, not be cause for conflict between dogs. The FCI classifies Central Asian Shepherd Dog in the group of dogs Molossoid.
While it is a good dog to live, We must not forget that the Pastor of Central Asia is a livestock protection dog, people and possessions, He was raised to solve single problems, is independent-minded, strong, brave and responsible.
It is a large but agile dog, sometimes described as a cat with dog skin, for that reason, and taking into account his strong instinct for protection and territoriality, It may not be a recommended breed for a novice owner.
Sensitive and Intelligent, the Central Asian Shepherd Dog You will respond better to someone who can inspire loyalty in you as well as strong leadership..
Heavy-handed training will be counterproductive with this breed, but respectful training, reflexive will result in a dedicated and inseparable companion.
The Central Asian Shepherd Dog he spent a considerable amount of time moving around in his homeland, and this kind of slow but steady exercise is what he likes more.
With a work to be done and a piece of property to protect, is the highest point of happiness and will always keep an eye on everything that happens.
the breed is still considered very healthy and extremely robust. Owners should not fear the typical diseases of the breed. But, from time to time, like in all big dogs, joint problems occur, especially on the knees.
Although many joint diseases are inherited, symptoms can often be prevented or at least relieved with the help of proper diet and posture. Particularly in the growth phase of dogs, care must be taken that animals do not shoot too fast. Too rapid growth due to excessive protein intake in the growing months is considered one of the most common causes of later joint diseases. In addition to a fairly low protein food, given in small amounts about three or four times a day, young dogs should also be physically preserved during this phase. Stairs or long walks should be avoided..
When the Central Asian Shepherd Dog is fully developed, the protein content of the feed can be increased again. The main component of dog food should be – like in all dogs – high quality meat. It can be cooked or raw or, if industrially produced food mixtures are used, can be dry or wet. Regardless of the feeding method preferred by the respective owner, it is important that the content and composition of the food is adapted to the needs of the dog. According to age, sex, size, activity level and living environment, the composition of the necessary nutrients can vary considerably. There is no correct food for Central Asian Shepherd Dog.
Nor can the question of the amount of food for all dogs of this breed be answered in general. If the composition of the food is correct, the Central Asian Shepherd Dog can cope with surprisingly small portions. So, two meals a day are usually enough for an adult dog, which should be given at fixed times if possible. Portions too large, too many "snacks" between meals and not resting after feeding can increase the risk of stomach torsion.
Like nomadic dog, the Central Asian Shepherd Dog it's quite undemanding, this applies not only to the size of your food portions, but also in your care. Short to medium length coat proves to be very resistant and requires little grooming. But, should be brushed regularly to remove dirt and maintain healthy hair structure. The claws should also be trimmed to avoid injury and teeth, ears and eyes should be checked and cleaned regularly.
The purchase of a Central Asian Shepherd Dog must be well considered – although this applies to all breeds of dogs, it is especially true for this breed from Central Asia. It is not a family dog ​​in the classical sense nor is it suitable for a city life. This freedom-loving and independent dog finds it difficult to cope with living conditions in European industrial nations.
In the hands of livestock keepers and keepers who live in remote and isolated places, this protective dog of the pack is still in the best hands. Also people who live far from the city, own a large lot and wish to have a capable watchdog, can be considered as owners of this Central Asian Shepherd Dog. But, experience and some knowledge in dog training should be prerequisites to keep this breed. It also, an owner needs above all time and patience, because the socialization and education of this self-confident four-legged friend, who doesn't think much about blind obedience, It is hard work. How Central Asian dogs tend to dominate, they need a trainer who constantly sets limits for them and who shows them with the necessary empathy (not to be confused with willingness to compromise) that it is worth trusting and following your human.
The Central Asian Shepherd Dog certainly not a family dog ​​in the classical sense, so its maintenance as a pure house and companion dog is absolutely inadvisable. This does not mean that a Owtscharka can't live together with humans. In a family that appreciates its natural instinct for vigilance and protection and gives it its original task of guarding the house, the yard and the cattle, the Central Asian Shepherd Dog is quite adaptable and human-oriented. A basic socialization, that is to say, early contact with other people and animals, is as important to harmonious coexistence as sufficient opportunities for running and consistent parenting.
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Guard and surveillance dog.
The Central Asian Shepherd Dog is of a harmonious build and great stature, moderately long (never with a long or short body). Robust and muscular body, bulky but not with visible muscles.
Clearly defined sexual dimorphism. Males are thicker and more courageous than females with a more pronounced cross and a larger head.. Full maturity is reached at the age of three.
IMPORTANT PROPORTIONS: The length of the body only slightly exceeds its height at the withers. Increased height is desired but proportional structure must remain. Length of forelimbs to elbows is 50 – 52% the height at the withers.
The length of the snout is less than ½ the length of the head but more than 1/3.
Self-confidence, silent, balanced, proud and independent. Dogs have great courage and high capacity for work, resistance and a natural instinct for territoriality. Courage in the face of large predators is one of its characteristics
PREVIOUS MEMBERS:
LATER MEMBERS:
SKIN: Thick, loose enough to prevent injury during combat against predators.
Height to the cross:
The largest size is desired but the proportional structure remains.
Weight:
Any deviation from the aforementioned criteria is considered as a fault and the severity of this is considered to the degree of the deviation to the standard and its consequences on the health and well-being of the dog..
SERIOUS FAULTS:
FALTAS DESCALIFICANTES:
Males should have two normal-appearing testicles fully descended into the scrotum..
Only functionally and clinically healthy dogs, with the typical conformation of the breed, should be used for parenting.
1. Alabai, Central Asian Ovtcharka, CAO Aziat (English).
2. Chien de berger d’Asie centrale (French).
3. Zentralasiatischer Owtscharka (German).
4. Türkmen Alabaý, mastim-da-ásia-central (Portuguese).
5. Perro Pastor de Asia Central (español).
FCI 145 - Molossoid . Mountain 
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The Leonberger it is a very big and beautiful dog. In his head and in his charisma he remembers a St. Bernard and a lion at the same time. And this is not a coincidence, because the St. Bernard is one of the ancestors of Leonberger. The Leo, as his friends call it, It is a young and at the same time old breed of dog. This breed is ancient, because it has been specifically bred to the standard since 1846. The Leo It, therefore, one of the oldest dog breeds in modern breeding. At the same time it is a breed of young dog; because it was only created at that time. Most other pedigree dogs have a long history and originated from ancient working dog breeds..
The Leonberger, However, has a different and unique story. Among 1820 and 1850 San Bernardo became fashionable throughout Europe. The heroic exploits of the legendary St. Bernard Barry at the Great St. Bernard Pass in the Alps had a great effect. Barry has been shown to save more than 40 people of death by snow. Everywhere people wanted these big dogs and they were (and they are) really big dogs.
Breeders and traders were unable to meet the high demand. At the same time high prices were paid for a puppy of St. Bernard. So quite a few dog dealers from southwestern Germany helped out without further ado.. They mated St. Bernard with very big bitches from the region. The pups that looked like a St. Bernard they were sold as such, but for the others there were at most a few potatoes from a farmer. The dog trade was – as it still is today – a lucrative business and some sold hundreds of puppies a year and became rich.
Like Leonberg City Hall and dog vendor Heinrich Essig. An intelligent idea occurred to him and turned need into virtue. He created a brand out of the puppies that he could not market as St. Bernard. Instead of giving them away, sold the puppies for good money. Thus was born the Leonberger. Inspired by the lion from the coat of arms of his hometown, this new breed of dog has the appearance of a lion. His dogs were nicknamed Leonhardiner in the envious competition. Also in the official world of dogs these hybrids went unnoticed for a long time. Like this, el cinólogo Ludwig Beckmann, universally recognized at that time, He does not even mention the Leonhardiner in his work in two volumes "Die Rassen des sinks" (dog breeds) of 1895. From the point of view of health, such a genetically heterogeneous offspring is an advantage.
The Leonberger should be a success in all respects. Today it belongs to the primitive rocks of the world of purebred dogs., that no dog lover wants to miss. In 1895 The «International Dog Club was founded Leonberger«, which quickly achieved official recognition of the Leonberger like race. In 1948 He was followed by the «German Dog Club Leonberger»Based in Leonberg, who still represents the Leonberger at VDH and around the world. The Leonberger has a unique charisma, imposing and at the same time friendly, quiet and just sovereign. Its appearance is reminiscent of a lion and its character is also majestic, peaceful and totally suitable for families.
The Leonberger It is an impressive large dog with a height at the withers in males between 72 and 80 cm and in females between 65 and 75 cm.. No weight given. But, will be some 80 kg. The standard describes its appearance as:
«According to its original purpose, the Leonberger it's a very big dog, strong, muscular and elegant at the same time. It is characterized by a harmonious build and a self-assured calm with a lively temperament.. Especially the male dog is powerful and powerful. "
Its coat should be medium soft to thick, broadly long, well lying. The Leo has a strong inner layer. The shapes of your physique should be recognizable. On the neck and chest, the fur, especially in males, must form a mane. The coat will be lion yellow, red, reddish brown and all the combinations between them, but always with a black mask. In favor of this lion gaze, hereditary factors related to health and longevity have been neglected.
A study published by the University of Vienna evaluated 7582 layers of Leonberger between 1932 and 2009. «It was determined that the average death age of the Leonberger It was from 7,55 years". During the study period, life expectancy had even decreased in 1,5 years in the last three decades. With a healthy upbringing, 10 or 12 years would be normal. The breed has recognized these warning signs and is now focusing more on the health and extension of the life expectancy of these large dogs..
The mind of a Leonberger is pious as a lamb. Being with him is pure slowdown for man. The essence is described in the standard:
as family dog, the Leonberger is a pleasant companion in current living conditions, that can be carried everywhere without any difficulty and is characterized by a pronounced kindness towards children. He is neither shy nor aggressive. As a companion dog it is a pleasant companion., obedient and fearless in all life situations.
The strength of character required includes above all: self confidence, sovereign calm, average temperament (including game instinct), willingness to subordinate, good learning and memorizing ability and noise tolerance. The character of Leonberger impresses all dog lovers.
Once you get to know dogs better Leonberger, you will be enchanted by them forever. There is almost nothing that can disturb this giant. His very high stimulus threshold as well as his stoic composure are the necessary counterpart to his enormous strength.. These two poles thus characterize the nature of Leonberger. Here and there is something stubborn. Only good persuasion and pleading will help., then he will do everything for his master or lady. But as a family member he is very kind. Seeks proximity to its humans. It is a reliable protector for them. The Leonberger he is a great guy, a fascinating dog!
The Leonberger not an easy dog ​​to keep due to its size. By its nature, has very few demands. A daily walk, brushed once a week, that was all. You don't need a big garden, but a garden is already useful. He likes to take possession of it. So, a small apartment on the nth floor would not be for him. Does not fit in all cars. One must consider: You're mine, the whole car will get wet. Leo can bear the heat, but it should not be challenged. prefers the cold. The Leonberger he is a great friend and not an object for acting addicts.
It should also be borne in mind that in our current society, large dogs are often rejected. Some people just fear a giant like Leo, even if he behaves – as is normal for him – exemplary. This is one of the reasons why it is not advisable to keep it in the big city..
One must have a sufficient budget to be able to pay a lot of good food and, in case of doubt, also the vet. It also, should have considered before buying what to do if the dog is sick and may need to bring 80 kg or more. Last, but not less important, there are many practical things that have a profound influence on everyday life. Here one must take real responsibility and honestly look in the mirror if all the conditions for a happy coexistence with dogs are met. Leonberger. Who can claim this, is in an enviable situation of dog owner. The Leonberger worth a sin.
It must be remembered that in a Leo adult, the leash is just a symbol of control. The Leonberger has the power to control the other end of the strap. But he doesn't want. The Leonberger it's basically easy to train. Only his stubbornness has to be broken here and there with consistent smoothness.. He wants to follow his lord and master and he does it very reliably. It is an elementary duty of the owner of a Leonberger to pay attention to a consistent education already in the puppy. Because only this and not the leash makes wonderful walks in nature possible, that together with this great four-legged friend become a balm for the soul of agitated people. The great dog should never be "educated" by bumps or barracks methods. Because that would cause the exact opposite of education and end in disaster..
Caring for a healthy Leo is not a problem. Brushing the coat once a week is enough.
You need a lot of high quality food. A raised bowl is useful to counteract the risk of stomach twisting. Always pay attention to the weight.
As in most large dogs, we see hip or elbow dysplasia. Osteosarcoma, the most common bone tumor in dogs, It is also very common in Leonberger.
Before the life expectancy of a Leonberger It was from 12 years, today is from 7 to 9 years. The breeding is working to recover the possible natural life of a healthy dog. He is accompanied here by a research project of the University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover.
The purchase of a Leo it should be long-term and well thought out. You should carefully check if you have all the requirements to be able to spend many wonderful years with this giant.. If you are looking for a puppy, you should make sure above all that the dogs are not bred too much. Ask about ancestors, their illnesses, his age reached. You should see an FCI affiliated breeder Leonberger. Really, a Leonberger it costs about 2.000 EUR.
Leonberger 7
Leonberger 6
Leonberger 5
Leonberger 4
Leonberger 3
Leonberger 2
Photos:
1 – Leonberger bitch by The animal photography at de.wikipedia / CC BY-SA
2 – Leonberger by https://pxhere.com/es/photo/1394923
3 – Leonberger, head photographed in 2004 at a dog show in Dresden by Karina Leo-Steffen, uploaded here from –Caronna 13:43, 15 Apr 2005 (UTC) / CC BY-SA
4 – Leonberger by https://www.pexels.com/es-es/foto/75295/
5 – Leonberger by https://pxhere.com/es/photo/1434187
6 – Leonberger by Pleple2000 / CC BY-SA
7 – Leonberger by https://www.needpix.com/photo/1100946/dog-leonberger-giant-pedigree-purebred-animal-canine
Watchdog, Company and family.
Complying with the original use purposes, the Leonberger is a big dog, strong, muscular and elegant at the same time. It is characterized by its harmonious body structure and poised tranquility, aware of his own worth with a lively temperament. The male is especially powerful and robust.
PROPIMPORTANT ORTIONS: Relationship of the height of the cross with the length of the body = 9:10; the depth of the chest corresponds almost to 50% the height of the cross.
As a family dog, the Leonberger adapts to modern living and room conditions and turns out to be a pleasant companion that can be taken anywhere without causing problems. It also, It is very friendly with children and is not shy or aggressive. As a companion dog it is a pleasant companion., obedient and fearless in all situations that arise. To achieve his nature and strength, he mainly needs:
PREVIOUS MEMBERS: Straight, parallel, not closed.
LATER MEMBERS: Viewed from behind they are not placed too tightly; they are parallel; lukewarm joints- tarsians and feet do not deviate inward or outward.
Height to the cross:
Any deviation from the aforementioned criteria is considered as a fault and the severity of this is considered to the degree of the deviation to the standard and its consequences on the health and well-being of the dog..
FALTAS DESCALIFICANTES:
TRANSLATION: Federation Canófila Mexicana a.c..
1. Leo, Gentle Lion, Gentle Giant (English).
2. Chien Leonberg (French).
3. Leo (German).
4. Leo (Portuguese).
5. Leo (español).
FCI 137 - Molossoid . Mountain 
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The Pyrenean Mountain Dog is an ancient watchdog of the mountainous world of the Pyrenees. There it is officially called Chien de Montagne des Pyrénées. The people of the Pyrenees call him the cute little one Patou. The pyrenees, like a vast, deserted and rugged, previously inaccessible mountain range, form the natural border between France and Spain. Here there were and there are wolves and bears, with the consequent problem for ranchers. It also, sheep used to be one of the few livelihoods of the people here. While in Germany and other Central European countries people lament the return of the wolf and complain about the damage caused to game and sheep herds, in the Pyrenees dogs such as the Patou from time immemorial. And there are no complaints. Guard dogs are an integral part of every flock of sheep in the Pyrenees mountains.
On the French side, they are officially called Chien de Montagne des Pyrénées or Pyrenäenberghund, on the Spanish side Perro de montaña de los Pirineos or Gran Pirineo. In addition to protecting herds against thieves, wolves and bears, also protected large estates. His powerful figure, his determination and ability to attack in an emergency were not without effect. The impression must have been so lasting that his work was already documented in writings from antiquity and the Middle Ages.. It is reported that the dogs would have recognized people from afar by their clothes. In 1391 it is said that the Count of Foix did a test. If he came disguised as a tramp, the dogs attacked him from afar without hesitation. If he came dressed as a count, he wasn't bothered.
The Patou was not a uniform race in the past. In very remote valleys there were often local breeds, genetically isolated, optimized for your job task naturally, but in the end the same dogs came out with a very similar appearance and character, though they might have been genetically separated for generations. Extremely harsh living conditions obviously outweighed the disadvantages of inbreeding. Modern pedigree dog breeding took an interest in these impressive dogs very early on. Already at the first dog show in France, in 1863, a separate class was established for the Pyrenean Mountain Dog.
An attempt was made to establish the Patou also outside the Pyrenees as a watchdog and protection. In 1907 the first standard was established in France. But, due to the two world wars and the associated famine period, the population of Patou outside the mountains suffered serious setbacks. In 1955 obtained the official recognition of the FCI – International Cynological Federation.
The Pyrenean Mountain Dog is a big dog, imposing, powerful and at the same time athletic and agile. Doesn't seem clumsy or massive, but rather elegant piecework. It has a medium length coat, very dense and flexible, which can be slightly wavy. The bottom layer is also very dense. To the colors that the official standard says:
White or white with gray spots (badger gray or wolf gray), pale yellow or orange (rusty) in the head, ears and base of tail, sometimes also in the body.
The Pyrenean Mountain Dog it has a majestic height at the withers 70 and 80 centimeters in males and 65 to 75 in females. The weight must be between 60 and 70 kg. The measurements are quite similar to those taken by the Conde de Bylandt when he first described the breed in 1897, when he simply called the dogs "Chien des Pyréneés«. The head of the Patou remember the contours of a molosser. Shows a very alert and attentive facial expression. It is a dog that rests in itself, who first of all observes everything, seemingly listless. This is underlined by his eyes, they're supposed to be sweet and dreamy, with its dark amber color.
The Pyrenean Mountain Dog is a guardian and protector with territorial claims. He looks cute and calm looking, sublime and imposing almost like a blank teddy bear, but you must not be wrong. It has a strong character combined with a very own but clear idea of ​​how it should behave – and the others in their domain. This idea is naturally shaped by its use throughout the centuries, where he had to defend his flock to life or death as a guard without the presence of the shepherd and, therefore, had to make decisions independently. The official standard classifies his character qualities as follows:
Since the dog was used exclusively to protect herds against attacks by predators, its selection for breeding was based on its suitability as a guardian, their respectable appearance and also their relationship with the herd. The resulting characteristics are strength and agility., as well as the sweetness and attachment to his protégés. This watchdog has a tendency to independence and initiative, which requires some authority from his master.
One Pyrenean Mountain Dog should only be held by an experienced and mentally strong person. First of all, not a family dog. But, it can become so if it has extremely competent guidance from its master or caretaker and if the external conditions are right. Only then can he be a good family dog ​​and lovingly protect all members of the family., including other four-legged friends. It also, is a good guardian and extremely reliable protector of the house and all those who, in your opinion -which should be clarified-, belong to it. Towards strangers he is suspicious.
The Pyrenean Mountain Dog it is extremely undemanding in its maintenance – if one ignores the aforementioned restrictions due to its nature as a watchdog. It is undemanding in its nutrition as well as in its accommodation. You can spend the whole year outside without problems – As long as you have a suitable and "adequate" hiding place, it does not mean either a kennel or a chain., because he must be able to move in his territory. This large, self-confident dog is quite sensitive and places great importance on a close emotional bond with his human family.. You need a trusting relationship with your master or caregiver.
Thanks to modern pedigree dog breeding, the Patou is better prepared for a big city life than other herd protection dog breeds like the Kangal or the Central Asian Shepherd Dog. So if you have a large, well-fenced property in the country, if you have joy, fun, experience and the possibility of getting involved with these dogs, you can experience a particularly impressive and beautiful facet of the human-dog association.
The education of Pyrenean Mountain Dog belongs to the hands of a teacher or lover with deep experience and canine knowledge. Like any other race, Pyrenean mountain dogs must be well socialized and educated since they are puppies. It would be irresponsible to want to keep such a dog as a beginner.
Absolutely easy to care for and undemanding. The Pyrenean Mountain Dog generally enjoys very robust health. Some health problems may include hip dysplasia; heart problems such as tricuspid valve dysplasia; cancers like osteosarcoma (bone cancer); eye problems such as persistent pupil membranes, progressive retinal atrophy and cataracts; dissecting osteochondritis (an orthopedic problem), patellar dislocation (dislocation of the patella) and swelling.
The Pyrenean Mountain Dog he has no problem with his diet.
The Pyrenean Mountain Dog have a very high life expectancy of 12 and sometimes more years relative to its size.
Coexistence is important that you have with your new friend. Before considering the acquisition of a dog of the breed"Pyrenean Mountain Dog" you know certain factors. Not all breeds of dogs are apt to live in an apartment, you must take into account his character, their need for exercise, their interaction with other pets, their care and if you have small children, their level of tolerance towards them.
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Adaptation ⓘ[/simple_tooltip]4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)
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friendly dog ⓘ[/simple_tooltip]3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)
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hair loss ⓘ[/simple_tooltip]5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)
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Affection level ⓘ[/simple_tooltip]3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)
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Social need ⓘ[/simple_tooltip]4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)
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Home ⓘ[/simple_tooltip]2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)
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Toilet ⓘ[/simple_tooltip]3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)
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Friendly with strangers ⓘ[/simple_tooltip]2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)
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barking ⓘ[/simple_tooltip]4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)
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Health ⓘ[/simple_tooltip]5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)
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Territorial ⓘ[/simple_tooltip]2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)
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Cat friendly ⓘ[/simple_tooltip]4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)
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Intelligence ⓘ[/simple_tooltip]4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)
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[simple_tooltip content=’Level of ease in learning something new and willingness to try new things.’]
Versatility ⓘ[/simple_tooltip]2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)
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[simple_tooltip content=’Dogs that tend to be more protective, playful and calm with children, as well as more tolerant of their behavior.']
Child friendly ⓘ[/simple_tooltip]4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)
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[simple_tooltip content=’A breed that will likely alert you to the presence of strangers.’]
Surveillance ⓘ[/simple_tooltip]2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)
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[simple_tooltip content=’How happy and energetic a dog tends to be.’]
joy ⓘ[/simple_tooltip]5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)
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Great pyrenees 6
Great pyrenees 5
Great pyrenees 4
Great pyrenees 3
Great pyrenees 2
Great pyrenees 1
Photos:
1 – Pyrenean Mountain Dog by https://pxhere.com/es/photo/774692
2 – Pyrenees Mountain Dog, XI International Dog Show in Kraków by I, Lilly M / CC BY-SA
3 – Great Pyrenees Mountain Dog by HeartSpoon / CC BY-SA
4 – Pyrenees mountain dog by Arnaud 25 / CC BY-SA
5 – Pasture of Anterne, Sixt-Fer-a-Cheval, Pyrenean Mountain Dog among the sheeps by Jerome Bon from Paris, France / CC BY
6 – Pyrenean Mountain Dog by Emma.Martinet / CC0
7 – Pyrenees mountain dog by I, Beninho / CC BY-SA
Herd guard dog in mountain.
This is a large dog, imposing and very well proportioned, although without lacking a certain elegance.
PROPIMPORTANT ORTIONS:
Used to protect flocks alone from predator attacks, his selection was based on both his vigilance and deterrence skills, as in their attachment to the flock. As a result of this, its main qualities are strength and agility, as well as the sweetness and devotion towards those who protect him. This watchdog has a propensity for independence and a sense of initiative that require some authority from its master..
Eyes: They are rather small, almendrada form, slightly oblique, of intelligent and contemplative expression. Its color is amber brown. The eyelids are never loose and are lined with black. The look is sweet and dreamy.
Ears: Present at eye level. They are quite small, triangular in shape and rounded at the extremity. They fall close to the head and appear a little higher when the dog is in action.
The length of the body, from the tip of the shoulder, to the tip of the gluteus, is slightly higher than the height at the withers. The height of the sternum to the ground is almost equal to half the height at the withers, but never inferior.
PREVIOUS MEMBERS: They are strong and plumb.
LATER MEMBERS: They have hairs that form longer and busier fringes than the forelimbs. Seen from behind, are perpendicular to the ground.
SKIN: Thick and flexible. Often shows pigmentation spots all over the body.
Fur: It is very bushy, smooth, quite long and loose, pretty rough on the shoulders and back. Longer at the tail and around the neck, where it can be slightly wavy. Trouser hair, finer and woolier, it's very bushy. The inner face of hairs is also thick.
Color: White or white with gray appearance spots (badger hair or dark bay), pale yellow or orange, in the head, the ears and the tail. Badger hair spots are the most appreciated.
Height to the cross:
A tolerance of 2 cm in of the set size, in copies that correspond perfectly to the type.
Any deviation from the aforementioned criteria is considered as a fault and the severity of this is considered to the degree of the deviation to the standard and its consequences on the health and well-being of the dog..
General aspect: General appearance that gives the impression of heaviness, aspect without distinction. Thick dog, not very energetic, lymphatic.
Head:
Eyes: Round, sunken or bulging. Too big or too small, close together or far apart. Third visible eyelid. Hard expression.
Ears: Wide, long, bent, forming folds. They come back; set high.
Neck: Delgado, a little long or otherwise very short, giving the impression that the head is sunk on the shoulders. Chin very pronounced.
Body: Sunken or convex top line, inclined, swollen or sagging belly.
Breast : Very broad or narrow front part of the chest. Flat ribs, or on the contrary, barrel shape.
Tail: With little hair or incorrect implantation. Very short or very long, without pompadour, does not take the form of a wheel when in action or does it continuously, even during rest.
Former members:
Later members:
FALTAS DESCALIFICANTES:
• Males must have two normal-appearing testicles fully descended into the scrotum..
• Only functionally and clinically healthy dogs, with the typical conformation of the breed, should be used for parenting.
1. Great Pyrenees, Patou, Montañés del Pirineo, Perro de Montaña de los Pirineos, Can de Montaña de os Perinés, Chien des Pyrénées, Chien de Montagne des Pyrénées, Pyr, GP, PMD, Gentle Giant (English).
2. montagne des Pyrénées, pastou, patou (French).
3. Chien de Montagne des Pyrénées, Patou (German).
4. Chien de Montagne des Pirénées (Portuguese).
5. Gran Pirineo, Chien des Pyrénées, Chien de Montagne des Pyrénées, Gigante de los Pirineos, Gran Pirineu, Muntanya dels Pirineus, Patou (español).
FCI 41 - Molossoid . Mountain 
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As it is the case with many breeds, the true origins of this big guy are unknown, although there are theories that try to approach them. Some authors raised that their ancestors were the ancient molossians, especially dogs from Greece and livestock guarding dogs from Turkey.
Other authors believe that the Yugoslavian Shepherd Dog Sharplanina, drift of Asian dogs that arrived in Europe accompanied by migration of peoples who were engaged in raising them. This theory is the most widely accepted today..
The race was initially recognized by the Federation Cynologique Internationale (FCI) in 1939 under the name Illyrian Shepherd Dog, demonstrating the ancient name of the native region of these dogs.
In 1957, at the request of the Yugoslav Canine Federation (JKS), the FCI changed the name to Yugoslav Shepherd Dog–Yugoslavian Shepherd Dog Sharplanina, because it is in the Šar Mountains (Šar Planina in South Slavic languages, is a mountain range located on the southern border of Serbia in the province of Kosovo and in the northwestern part of the Republic of Macedonia), where is concentrated the largest number of specimens of the breed.
If there is something indisputable it is that the Yugoslavian Shepherd Dog Sharplanina, lives since ancient times in the mountainous regions of the former Yugoslavia, from where it has spread throughout the Balkan Peninsula and recently, beyond these borders.
The image of the Yugoslavian Shepherd Dog Sharplanina appears on the obverse of the coin 1 Denar, issued in the Republic of Macedonia in the year 1993, and is also the emblematic protagonist of the Dragaš shield, a city in the South of Kosovo, which is located in the region of the Šar Mountains.
The Yugoslavian Shepherd Dog Sharplanina has reached the ranches of North America as an esteemed sheepdog and cattle guardian. Predator problems have been greatly diminished once a Yugoslavian Shepherd Dog Sharplanina , takes the responsibility of a herd. You are one of the few dogs that can chase away a wolf or bear.
The Yugoslavian Shepherd Dog Sharplanina, is a large size dog, It is quite above average when it comes to large breeds. It is also robust and equipped with a strong Constitution.
The height males average is of 56 to 62 cm and females is of 54 to 58 cm.. The length of the body is slightly greater than the height at the withers.
Although some authors speak of the existence of individuals whose actions were between 75 and 85 cm. of height and a weight of 65 to 100 kg.
– The huge head is proportional to the body, It has the skull slightly convex and slightly longer than the muzzle.
– The eyes of the Yugoslavian Shepherd Dog Sharplanina they are almond-shaped and chestnut-colored (light or dark), transmit an expression of serenity but the look is penetrating.
– The ears they are medium-sized, flat and hang on the cheeks.
– The tail It is long and Sabre-shaped, if it is in a state of alert, it carries it high, barely exceeding the line of the back.
– The fur It is long in some parts of the body and short in others. In the head, the ears and the anterior part of the extremities, is short. The length of the neck, the body and the back of the limbs and tail, is long.
– Regard to the the fur color, all uniform colors are supported but it is preferable to be gray iron and gray very dark. As well, at the top of the head, the neck and the trunk have darker hair.
The Yugoslavian Shepherd Dog Sharplanina it is silent, active and very protective, extremely bright, but very independent. It is an extremely good watchdog, and very reserved with strangers. The Yugoslavian Shepherd Dog Sharplanina they are calm sheepdogs, very smart, which is why, wisely, they choose their friends, trust no one too fast. They are naturally fearless defenders of the pack, as well as his master and his property, so everything he considers his property is jealously and unconditionally guarded. This is a dog with character and very dominant that requires work.. If we just want this dog to be a companion, constant professional education from an early age is essential.
The animals that live with him on the farm will be under his protection and there is no need to fear for them.. But, does not tolerate strange and unknown animals, often aggressive, and the same problems can happen with smaller pets, that can be seen as prey.
She will get along well with the children she will be together with from an early age, will be devoted and protective of them, and you may consider children you don't know as uninvited guests, so we must be very careful. You must be especially careful with younger children, since he will watch over them all the time due to the shepherd's instinct, but if the children want to get away, will drag them back, so you can injure them without realizing it.
Similar to the Caucasian Shepherd Dog –that is very much– has a temperament more characteristic of a guard dog than a herd dog.
Let us not forget that this agility, He was selected to defend the herds of the attack of wolves that were previously very numerous in their homeland.
It is necessary that the owner of this dog is a person responsible and very conscious of the copy that is in charge of, the Yugoslavian Shepherd Dog Sharplanina, It has a specially developed and powerful teeth, It can be a real danger if the dog is not given a correct and healthy education.
This is not a suitable dog for beginners. He is very suspicious and incorruptible. Usually, is completely loyal to a single owner. Education must be clear, consistent and should be carried out from the first meeting with the puppy. Early socialization is mandatory. With an inadequate education, this dog can become uncontrollable, very aggressive, dangerous even to the owner.
These dogs really need a lot of exercise. If the dog goes to work on a farm, will meet your daily career needs while working, otherwise, need a longer walk or daily run.
This is a dog suitable exclusively for outdoor life. You will feel better on a farm or in a larger rural fenced yard because you will be able to run freely and perform your primary role as a sheepdog..
Your care is not too demanding. Thick hair just needs brushing once in a while, once a week will be enough, except when you change your coat that more frequent brushing is recommended. As with other dogs, this breed also needs to clean their ears, eyes and shorten their claws.
No known genetic health problems, it is considered a relatively healthy breed. As with other large breeds, hip dysplasia can occur in this breed.
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to) It is robust, of strong Constitution, well proportioned.
Its size is above normal. Is covered in long hair, dense and quite thick, giving your body a more collected look. companies, possesses a calm temperament and good character: knows how to be a good defender without attacking. He is faithful to his master and incorruptible.
b) Height to the cross: In the male, the average is 62 cm., and in the female it is 58 cm.. Large dogs are preferred.
The dogs below 56 cm and bitches below 54 cm are excluded from reproduction. In working dogs the weight is 35 to 45 kg in males and 30 to 40 kg in females.
c) body length: It is slightly greater than the height at the withers: of 8 to 10% from height to withers in dogs, and 10 to 12% in
the bitches.
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As a whole, the top line is horizontal, or slightly inclined starting from the cross to the rump. In dogs bred in the mountain, be tolerated that the height of the rump is just greater than the height at the withers, Although this is not desirable. The body is slightly longer than the height at the withers.
Seen as a whole are well shaved and commensurate with the body. The height of the tip of the elbow is a 55% the height at the withers. The different parts of the limbs are in proportion to each other and to the rest of the body..
HINDQUARTERS: Seen from the back, the position of the hind legs is uniform and slightly larger than the forelimbs. In profile, is also uniform, with the angles of the joints sufficiently closed.
SKIN: Is of medium thickness; elastic and well stretched on different parts of the body. There is no presence of dewlap. All visible mucous membranes are black, or a dark pigmentation.
Fur: The head, the ears and the outer parts of the limbs are covered with short hairs. The neck, the body, later parts of the limbs and tail are covered with long hairs almost stretched and slightly thick. The inner layer of hair presents a short hair, finest, very thick and abundant. Dl hair is in the cross the length of 10 to 12 cm.; cannot be shorter than for 7 cm..
Color: This is a dog of a single color. All the shades of colors are supported, from white, until dark brown, almost black. The most valued colors are greenish gray (grey iron), the dark grey. Piebald fur or white spots are not allowed. Pigmented dogs allow small white markings on the chest region and fingers, Although this is not desirable. The background color is more pronounced on the upper parts of the head in all pigmented dogs, the neck and trunk.
On the lower parts of the body, There is a degradation of color, and the color is lighter in the lower parts of the extremities, arriving at the gray beige or dirty. In no case should these degradations appear well delimited, imparting a light marking or piebald appearance.
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Any deviation from the above mentioned criteria is considered an absence and severity of this refers to the degree of deviation to the standard and its impact on the health and welfare of the dog.
MINOR FAULTS
SERIOUS FAULTS
MISS PLAYOFFS
• Males must have two normal-appearing testicles fully descended into the scrotum..
• Only functionally and clinically healthy dogs, with the typical conformation of the breed, should be used for parenting.
1. Illyrian Shepherd Dog, Šarplaninac (English).
2. berger yougoslave, charplanina, charplaninatz berger albanais, sarplaninac (French).
3. Šarplaninac, Jugoslovenski Ovčarski Pas – Šarplaninac, Jugoslawischer Hirtenhund – Šarplaninac, Illyrischer Schäferhund (German).
4. Šarplaninac, Charplaninatz, Sarplaninac (Portuguese).
5. Charplaninatz, Perro ovejero ilirio, Perro pastor ilirio, Perro montañés de Serbia, Perro pastor de Serbia, Perro montañés macedonio, Perro pastor macedonio, Šar Planinac (o Šar Planinec), Perro pastor yugoslavo, Perro montañés yugoslavo (español).
FCI 190 - Molossoid . Mountain 
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The dog as guardian of the house and the courtyard has an ancient tradition in the history of humanity. Maybe thousands of years ago, private ownership of the house and yard, goods and workshops could only be established with the help of the protective role of dogs. The four-legged court guards were already highly regarded by the Teutons, which is reflected in the various laws of the last Teutonic. Of the 24 articles of the Law of Baiuvariorum, an entire article is dedicated only to dogs. Here, plus a dozen other dog breeds, the court dog is explicitly mentioned as "Houvavart". The Houvavart was valued at 3 shillings. It was a huge amount, considering that in the same body of law a "mediocre" horse was valued at only half a shilling. The Hovawarts are also mentioned in various writings from the Middle Ages.
The Hovawart Today is in the intellectual and functional tradition of these old court dogs. Regarding their genetic offspring, will not be more or less related to them than the other breeds of guard dogs and native dogs. Building a direct line of descent to the old Hovavart would not be permissible, especially since it is not known at all what these dogs looked like.
After 1910 the Hovawart but without a description of the appearance. Over the years 20 established itself as a breed of dog.
In the FCI breed standard of 1998 It is said that:
"From 1912 the reproduction of this breed has been using similar type dogs that are still in farms to restore the breed. apart from this, at the beginning of the crossing, you cross them with German shepherds, Newfoundland, Leonberger and other races were admitted. In addition to the strict measures taken in the breeders, the type of job was obtained again.”
It also, crossed the hungarian watchdog Kuvasz, what is important to understand the nature of Hovawart. After having almost died out, after the first world war, the breed was recovered by the kinophile K. F. König. In a span of time, what had been done very successfully thousands of years before was rebuilt here. Like, but mostly of the nature the right dogs were mated. The decisive criterion was performance for the intended purpose, so to speak, the work championship. It is quite possible that the Hovawart current look like the old ones Hovawart of our ancestors by this procedure of appearance and nature, but that is speculation. Only in 1944 breeding book closed. So a vast gene pool was created as the basis for this breed of dog., which is still very useful for your health and fitness today.
The Hovawart is a big dog, strong and at the same time quite thin. With the Hovi nowadays three strokes of color are allowed: Rubio, black marks (black with gold brown markings) black and white. Males have a height to the cross of 63 to 70 cm.. Considering its type and size, the Hovawart is thinner than it appears underneath its medium long wavy coat. So, a weight of 30 to 45 kg is considered normal for males. Despite this not so high weight, it is a very powerful and strong dog. Only for its strength and size it belongs to a hand with experience in dogs. The Hovawart he's a working dog, Guard and protection.
The character of Hovawart demands a person with a strong dog mind. He has a strong will, a head of its own and is very independent. Probably an heir to the pack guard dog, Kuvasz, who is one of his ancestors. He is self-assured and self-assured at the same time. The “desire to please” is not as strong in him as in many other working dog breeds.. Your master or caretaker still has to work and earn it. then a Hovawart well educated he is an extremely efficient off-roader and a lovely friend. Master the role of companion dog suitable for everyday life, as well as your challenges in dog sports or even as a rescue and tracking dog. He has a very good nose. Yes, and the Hovawart it is also an excellent watchdog and protection dog.
He is a defensive protector of his family and diligently protects his territory. He moves silently on the ground and faces an intruder suddenly but persistently. With built-in yard dog, the Hovawart not fully occupied, especially since today you have to monitor hardly a large enough area. He is intelligent and seeks true association with his caregiver. At the same time it is affectionate and sensitive and at the same time it radiates something primitive, archaic.
Wants and seeks connection with family. Like a well-behaved and demanded working dog, the Hovawart it is also an excellent family dog. Often rejoices with petting and hitting like a little lapdog. He is very friendly and gentle with the people he has taken to his heart. Once you meet them, will never forget them. When he is young he shows his affection sometimes very stormy.
The Hovawart it is a low maintenance dog. Apart from the change of coat, it does not need to be brushed every day., because her coat doesn't tend to tangle due to the small amount of undercoat. Well educated and managed he is an excellent companion. But, cannot be recommended as a family dog ​​without further ado. If you are thinking of having a puppy Hovawart for the first time, must first consider practical challenges, they are only related to their strength and size. Not a beginner dog.
The Hovawart develops creativity and perseverance to realize his ideas about the world and its order. Here the owner of the dog is challenged with all the consequences, but paired with patience and empathy. And this already with the puppy. Hardness alone does not help the Hovawart at all. It is important to create and maintain trust, that the Hovawart wants to show his pack leader. By the way, pack leader: One Hovawart usually test thoroughly, who will take this position. Here its owner must assert himself with the consequent insouciance, then he will follow faithfully and with good behavior and accept the leadership of his humans without problems.
One must bring with him time and knowledge for an intensive education and, the best of all, training. If one loses the basic elements of education, you will hardly be able to go for a walk with him without stress. Then your self-confidence could even become a leadership statement.. Otherwise, the Hovawart it's the ideal companion dog image. He wants his humans to guide him, but without ever being submissive. The Hovawart maintains its own head and its own will. For some people this is perhaps too much of their own personality. But only this profile of the Hovawart can be an excellent basis for a respectful and intense human-dog relationship.
The Hovawart it is a low maintenance dog. Except in times of coat change, twice a year, needs to be brushed regularly but not every day, because his coat does not tend to tangle due to the low amount of undercoat.
The Hovawart it is considered a completely healthy breed. Hereditary diseases are systematically fought, such as knee joint cartilage disease (OCD), which is more common in Hovawarts. Dysplasia of the hip joint (HD) "often a problem especially with large dogs" has been under control for a long time.
The Hovawart they don't make any special demands. He is consistently straightforward. For a dog of its size and strength it needs little food.
The Hovawarts can reach 12 years and not rarely even more with a good physical condition. It is a good life expectancy for such a large dog.
Puppies should only be purchased from an FCI registered breeder. For a puppy you should plan to 800 to 1000 EUR. The adult dogs of Hovawart they can also be taken out of shelter or emergency aid and offered a loving home..
Hovawart 6
Hovawart 5
Hovawart 4
Hovawart 3
Hovawart 2
Hovawart 1
Photos:
1 – Hovawart by https://pixabay.com/es/photos/hovawart-perro-perro-de-raza-pura-2611448/
2 – Hovawart black and tan by Faigl.ladislav / CC BY-SA
3 – Hovawart by https://pixabay.com/es/photos/perro-hovawart-negro-marrón-1194081/
4 – The three permitted colours of the Hovawart by Oxborrow / Public domain
5 – Blond Hovawart female (10 months) by Faigl.ladislav / CC BY-SA
6 – Hovawart by https://www.pxfuel.com/es/free-photo-xxpba
Utility dog
It's a working dog, powerful, medium-sized, slightly elongated and long-haired. The difference between the sexes is clearly recognizable, especially in the head shape and body structure.
PROPIMPORTANT ORTIONSS: The length of the body comprises at least one 110 yet 115% the height at the withers.
It is a recognized versatile working dog, friendly and balanced disposition. Has protective instincts, He has a lot of self-confidence and has the ability to withstand stress.; is of medium temperament, combined with an excellent sense of smell. The proportions of his balanced body and special devotion to his family make him an excellent companion., guardian, defender, savior and tracker.
PREVIOUS MEMBERS: Strong, straight and vertical, viewed from the front and from the sides.
LATER MEMBERS: Strong and, seen from the back, vertical. Well angled.
PIEL: In total, the skin is well glued. In black and tan or black dogs the skin presents a bluish glimpse, in blonde dogs generally a pink glimpse.
Plink: Long, strong hair is slightly wavy and glued; the inner layer of hair is poorly developed. The hair is longer on the chest, in the womb, on the tail and on the backs of the forelimbs and thighs. It is short on the head and in the anterior region of the front and rear limbs. The pelage is dense.
Colorr: There are three varieties of color: Black fire, black and blond.
Any deviation from the aforementioned criteria is considered as a fault and the severity of this is considered to the degree of the deviation to the standard and its consequences on the health and well-being of the dog..
FALTAS DESCALIFICANTES:
Apgeneral arience
Pbearings
Comportamiento / Temperament
Cthey are not coming
CUit
CUerpo
Formertremedies
Plink
Colorr
En set:
Perros black and fire
Pblack mistakes
Pblond mistakes
Tby hand
Itlatest changes are in bold.
TRANSLATION: Mauricio Martinez, Federation Canófila Mexicana, A.C.; y Dr. J-M Paschoud.
Source: F.C.I - International Cynological Federation1. Hovie (English).
2. Hovawart (French).
3. Hovawart (German).
4. Hovawart (Portuguese).
5. Hovie (español).
FCI 96 - Molossoid . Mountain 
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The Rafeiro of Alentejo (Alentejo Mastiff), as the name reflects, comes from the Portuguese region of Alentejo, extending south of the Tagus River to the Algarve. The pedigree dog, that within the FCI belongs to the Group 2 (Molossoid), Mountain Dogs subsection, has a long history as a herding dog. Although little is known about the exact origin of this rare breed, their parents are supposed to be found in the molossian dogs of the Middle East. The Estrela Mountain Dog (Star Mountain Dog), also from portugal, was probably also involved in its origin.
In the Alentejo lowlands, shepherds used the Rafeiro of Alentejo to herd and drive cattle. It also, the intrepid four-legged friend protected the flock entrusted to him by reliably avoiding attacks by wild animals or rustlers. Especially at night the Rafeiro of Alentejo defended his flock to the blood. The wealthy large landowners appreciated the imposing dog not only as a vigilant protector, but also as a status symbol of strength and power.
As industrialization advanced and the large latifundia decreased, the rafeiro it got weirder. In the early 20th century, dogs of this type were almost extinct. But, a small circle of enthusiasts ensured that the breed was preserved. In 1940 a first breed standard was established. 14 years later, the Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI) finally recognized the breed.
When the Rafeiro of Alentejo, cattle thieves and wild animals quickly flee: Who would want to mess with such a big and powerful dog?
With a height at the withers of up to 76 cm and a weight of approximately 50 kg, the Portuguese breed dog has a very striking appearance. His massive head and strong, muscular body give a defensive impression.. Look calmly at your opponent with small brown eyes, between which there is a slight groove, but nothing escapes your watchful eye.
Despite its bulky shape and somewhat heavy and slow gait, the body of the Rafeiro of Alentejo seems to be rather long than wide. The neck offers a good transition to the shoulder, the back is straight. The tail is well furnished and thickened at the base, rather low and forms a slight upward curve when excited. In rest position it reaches to the hock. Ears of the Rafeiro they are medium in size and fall to one side when folded.
The dense and smooth coat of the Portuguese Sheepdog is short to medium length and has abundant undercoat, giving you reliable protection in all weather conditions. The Rafeiro of Alentejo it is available in black, gray wolf, leonado or yellow with or without white spots. A white base color with yellow spots is also allowed., as well as brindle specimens according to the breed standard.
At night, the Rafeiro of Alentejo he is in his best moment: nothing escapes your watchful eye, his good sense of smell and his excellent ears. Anyone who dares to enter their territory is captured without notice and, if required, wholesale. Pastors who have a Rafeiro they no longer have to fear rustlers or poachers.
Like a purebred dog, whose sole task is to accompany and protect his family, the Portuguese breed dog is completely unsuitable. Although he is faithful and loyal to his family, his innate sharpness is difficult to control even with consistent upbringing. After all, the intelligent and self-confident Rafeiro of Alentejo has always been used to working and acting independently. But, the will to subordinate and obedience are not among its strong points.
Who wants to keep a Rafeiro of Alentejo You must be able to offer him a large territory in which his watchful and protective instinct can live according to his mood. This does not mean, of course, that one should just let this dog go. A responsible owner socializes and educates his dog from the beginning. Shows you clearly who holds the reins in your hand and where your limits are. At the same time, he also accepts that his four-legged friend needs his freedom. The Rafeiro will never become a "good lapdog".
Those interested in a Rafeiro of Alentejo Purebreds sometimes have to go a long way to find a suitable breeder. But, people who want to buy this dog on a whim, should refrain from buying it. The Rafeiro it is and continues to be an excellent herd dog and should be kept in that context. Who wants to make it a suitable companion dog for the family, You are not doing yourself or the dog any favors..
The typical diseases of the breed are hardly known due to the low propagation of the breed. The Rafeiro it is a very robust dog whose life expectancy is comparatively high, of 12 to 14 years. But, like all dogs of their size and format, You may also have joint problems such as hip joint dysplasia or elbow dysplasia.
In principle, this breed has no specific dietary needs. But, a balanced and healthy diet is, of course, also important for this dog – also or especially regarding possible joint problems. So, following the high energy puppy diet, a fairly low protein food should be given first to prevent the young dog from growing too quickly. In the adult dog, the energy value of the food can increase again. Now, fresh meat, through which the necessary amount of animal protein is absorbed, should mainly fill the feeding bowl. Fresh vegetables and rice are suitable as a healthy garnish. Fish can be given as an alternative to meat.
Coexistence is important that you have with your new friend. Before considering the acquisition of a dog of the breed "Rafeiro of Alentejo" you know certain factors. Not all breeds of dogs are apt to live in an apartment, you must take into account his character, their need for exercise, their interaction with other pets, their care and if you have small children, their level of tolerance towards them.
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Adaptation ⓘ[/simple_tooltip]3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)
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friendly dog ⓘ[/simple_tooltip]2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)
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hair loss ⓘ[/simple_tooltip]3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)
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Affection level ⓘ[/simple_tooltip]4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)
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Need for exercise ⓘ[/simple_tooltip]3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)
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Social need ⓘ[/simple_tooltip]1,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)
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[simple_tooltip content=’Factors such as the size of the dog and its tendency to make noise.’]
Home ⓘ[/simple_tooltip]3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)
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[simple_tooltip content=’Bath quantity, brushed, even professional grooming necessary.’]
Toilet ⓘ[/simple_tooltip]2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)
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[simple_tooltip content=’Tendency to welcome new people.’]
Friendly with strangers ⓘ[/simple_tooltip]2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)
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[simple_tooltip content=’Race vocalization level.’]
barking ⓘ[/simple_tooltip]4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)
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[simple_tooltip content=’Health that a race usually has.’]
Health ⓘ[/simple_tooltip]3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)
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[simple_tooltip content=’A dog’s inclination to protect its home, yard or even your car.’]
Territorial ⓘ[/simple_tooltip]5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)
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[simple_tooltip content=’Trend towards tolerance for cats and lower prey drive.’]
Cat friendly ⓘ[/simple_tooltip]2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)
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[simple_tooltip content=’A dog’s thinking and problem-solving abilities (not trainable).’]
Intelligence ⓘ[/simple_tooltip]4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)
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[simple_tooltip content=’Level of ease in learning something new and willingness to try new things.’]
Versatility ⓘ[/simple_tooltip]1,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)
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[simple_tooltip content=’Dogs that tend to be more protective, playful and calm with children, as well as more tolerant of their behavior.']
Child friendly ⓘ[/simple_tooltip]3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)
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[simple_tooltip content=’A breed that will likely alert you to the presence of strangers.’]
Surveillance ⓘ[/simple_tooltip]5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)
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[simple_tooltip content=’How happy and energetic a dog tends to be.’]
joy ⓘ[/simple_tooltip]1,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)
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It is an excellent watchdog on Alentejo farms, and is also a highly esteemed herding dog. It's me
It is a dog of large size, strong, rustic, sober. With a slightly convexilinear profile. It is sublongilinear (a little longer than wide).
An excellent farm dog and property watchdog. It is also very useful as a livestock protector., more vigilant during the night, being very serious when entrusted with any territory or property.
Her expression is calm and confident, never aggressive or shy.
Ears: Medium insertion. They are bent, hang over the sides and have little movement. When the animal is active, his ears are kept bent, upright at the base and more vertically flexed. They are triangular, small and narrow at the base; its width at the base is equal to the length of the pavilion's middle axis.
NECK: Well placed on the shoulders, straight, short, strong with a simple and uniform longitudinal jowl, proportioned to size.
It is strong, good muscular, somewhat longer than its height at the withers, bulky.
PREVIOUS MEMBERS: They're strong, separated; viewed from the front and side, they are well poised.
LATER MEMBERS: Strong, separated, and seen from behind and from the side they are well poised.
SKIN: The skin is thick and slightly loose. The mucosa is partially or totally pigmented in black.
Height to the cross:
Weight:
Any deviation from the aforementioned criteria is considered as a fault and the severity of this is considered to the degree of the deviation to the standard and its consequences on the health and well-being of the dog..
SERIOUS FAULTS:
FALTAS DESCALIFICANTES:
TRANSLATION: Rafael Santiago (Puerto Rico).
Technical review: Miguel Angel Martinez (Federation Cynologique Argentina).
Source: F.C.I - International Cynological Federation1. Rafeiro do Alentejo, Alentejo-Mastiff, alentejo mastiff (English).
2. mâtin de l’Alentejo, mastiff de l’Alentejo (French).
3. Rafeiro do Alentejo, Rafeiro, Alentejo-Mastiff (German).
4. Mastim Português, Mastim do Alentejo (Portuguese).
5. Mastín del Alentejo (español).
Photos:
1 – Rafeiro of Alentejo by https://brit-petfood.com/hr/node/8006
FCI 226 - Molossoid . Mountain 
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The Landseer was created together with Newfoundland on the east coast of Canada. The great island of Newfoundland, located off the coast of Canada, gave his ancestors his name. Just 100 years the ways of Landseer they separated from those of Newfoundland. The reason was that they wanted to keep their skin color black and white.. More on this later. Who descended from the dogs of the Vikings of pre-Columbian times, from Spain or from the dogs of the Indians, are legends that remain untested. But, according to the current genetic map of canine breeds prepared in 2017 by an international group of researchers led by Heidi G. Parker, there is a close relationship with the recuperators, What, like the Labrador, come from the same area. Probably the ancestors of the Landseer or Newfoundland arrived in North America with the first European settlers.
The big dogs proved to be important helpers for fishermen and sealers in the cold waters of the North Atlantic., and were also occasionally useful in hunting bears and big game. It also, landowners or Landseers they carried loads and even as a draft dog they are said to provide exceptional services. Working with fishermen in extremely harsh weather was very demanding. The Landseer had to think, had to do heavy work on the networks, saved the lives of the castaways over and over again. In this way he developed the peculiarities of his being and his physique.. He accomplished amazing things in the service of humanity. The Landseers or landowners came to England over and over again with cod ships as early as the 18th and early 19th centuries. Here he became famous very early for his impressive achievements.
The famous poet Lord Byron put in 1808 your dear boatswain Landseer an impressive monument. He had the words engraved on his tombstone: «Here rest the bones of one who possessed beauty without vanity, strength without exuberance, courage without savagery, and all the virtues of man without his vices". Here the greatness of character of these dogs is expressed, that can still be experienced today. The painter Sir Edwin Landseer immortalized his Newfoundlands black and white in oil several times around 1830. There is some evidence that dogs documented as Newfoundland Oh ya en Canis Earth News 1700 were predominantly black and white and that it was only later that the pure black or brown dogs that are typical of Newfoundland today. The black and white guy went out of style in England. But, Swiss and German cynologists and breeders brought the last good dogs from England and built a continental European breed.
To save these black and white dogs from Newfoundland, they were declared their own race around 1900, named after their famous painter «Landseer«. So this ancient type of dog with a great history was preserved for the world of dogs.. Since then, the Newfoundland and Landseers are raised separately. Later it is said that Kuvasz and Pyrenean Mountain Dogs were crossed to stabilize the white color of the soil.
In 1960 the Landseer (continental-european type) was officially recognized by the Fédération Cynologique Internationale.
According to the breed standard of the Landseer, You must give the impression of being a but powerful and well balanced. The legs are relatively longer than the black Newfoundland. The back is straight and strong. The hind legs and shoulders are muscular.
The upper layer must be long and as straight as possible, very dense and soft to the touch. The main color of the layer is white with various patches black in the rump, the neck, backsplash, belly, legs and the tail should be white.
The head should be black with the white snout and symmetric white extends from the snout to the head, ending with the white collar. It has a distinctive shape with a noble facial expression. The ears are medium-sized and eyes should be dark brown. the size of the Landseer will of 67 to 80 cm., and at birth weigh between 500 to 750 grams and at the age of 1 year can be reached despite 50 to 60 kg.
Like all mastiff-type breeds, the Landseer It is also grown very fast during its first year. Therefore one must be careful with the exercise, because if it becomes sedentary can suffer from overweight.
Landseer video
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Throughout its development, and even at maturity (that is not until the dog is of 3 or 4 years of age), the Landseer is a very active dog who likes to do all kinds of activities. Swimming, for example, is your favorite activity. So when a Landseer smells and sees the water, already no boundaries, jump to the water.
The Landseer he is a very accommodating dog with his master. It is active, has good temperament, but it is not a nervous dog. It is a very confident dog, Intelligent, loyal to their own people, fairly mild in nature and, When they are given sufficient exercise outdoors, it attaches very well to home life. In general terms, most of Landseer they are very independent and have a mind of its own. The Landseer is very easy to train, much love and patience will be rewarded with a partner for life.
As we said in previous lines to most of the Landseer, they love water and walks, It is therefore necessary to fulfill these wishes to the dog. Being on the water takes it as a job, reason why can take advantage of these time to play to find objects, launch toy water to make it look, It can be one excellent training both for the owner and as for the dog. It is a good diver and with appropriate training, they are able to find objects in the bottom of any Lake. In this regard, It is good to note that if you want to go swimming with your Landseer you should keep in mind that, the dog will try to rescue and towed back to land. So, no doubt have to be careful to do this the first time. Basic training is required so that the dog knows when you are playing, and when not. Any other activity with the family is also something that the Landseer always wants to do.
When it comes to behaviour towards other dogs, children and people there is no problem. Especially the Landseer, they love to children.
It is good to socialize with other dogs puppies, because if he is male, It can be very dominant. But with a proper education, There will not be any problem.
The Landseer can be educated very well. It is intelligent, interested and quickly understand what you are allowed to do and what you are not. Sometimes he takes it easy, but a little motivated he is very cooperative and tries to make his lord and master happy. The puppy should already show itself clearly and without exception where the hammer hangs. There should be no doubt about the orientation of your humans, as well as on the intimate relationship with.
Always keep in mind that this dog is the strongest and that orientation only works through unquestionable recognition. But with praise and consequences you can basically accomplish everything with it. On the basis of a good education you can even train very well at Landseer. Many Landseer are used as rescue dogs in the water, but also on earth. For this you can pass the work tests with water in the clubs.
The maintenance and care of the Landseer they are complex as with all big dogs. The dense and weather resistant layer should be brushed regularly with a special brush. Should not be sheared or trimmed.
The dogs of the breed Landseer like all large dogs they tend to hip joint dysplasia, twisting of the stomach. Due to their constitution and their dense fur they do not tolerate heat well.
Like all large dogs, the Landseer needs a lot of good food. Especially in the growth phase you need professional nutritional planning. A high positioned food bowl is useful to counteract the risk of stomach twisting. You should always pay close attention to your weight.
Life expectancy is between 10 and 12 years.
You should only purchase a puppy locally from a breeder who is affiliated with the FCI. Puppies of this breed cost between 1.500 and 2.000 EUR.
Landseer 6
Landseer 5
Landseer 4
Landseer 3
Landseer 2
Landseer 1
Photos:
1 – Puppy landseer – 3 months old by OdinetPietra / CC BY-SA
2 – Landseer by https://pxhere.com/es/photo/548945
3 – Landseer by https://pxhere.com/es/photo/550456
4 – Cleo 11 months by Per Jensen – Flickr
5 – Landseer at PhotoEmotions (pixabay.com)
6 – Landseer by Katrina_S (pixabay.com)
Guard and companion dog.
The Landseer must give the impression of a large dog, strong and harmonious. Your limbs, especially in males, they are proportionally longer than in the black Newfoundland.
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It is very broad and powerful from the cross to the rump. The length from the withers to the tail insert should be approximately twice the length of the head.
A weak back is considered a fault, expired, loose backs, and the last ribs very short and an excessively retracted belly.
PREVIOUS MEMBERS: A robust muscle mass from the shoulders surrounds the strong humerus and forms a correct angulation at the junction with the powerful bones of the completely straight and muscular limbs.. The forelimb has some stripes of hair that reach the tibial-tarsal joint.
LATER MEMBERS: The rear limb is powerful. The hind limbs must have free movement and have strong bones surrounded by powerful muscles., so that the thigh region mainly shows extensive development.
Alturto the cross: Height at withers in Landseer may fluctuate: in males an average between 72 and 80 cm and in females an average between 67 and 72 cm.. Small variations in size larger or smaller are tolerated.
Any deviation from the aforementioned criteria is considered as a fault and the severity of this is considered to the degree of the deviation to the standard and its consequences on the health and well-being of the dog..
FALTAS DISQUALIFYING:
1. LANDSEER (EUROPEAN CONTINENTAL TYPE) (English).
2. LANDSEER (TYPE CONTINENTAL-EUROPEEN) (French).
3. LANDSEER (EUROPÄISCH-KONTINENTALER TYP) (German).
4. LANDSEER (TIPO EUROPEU CONTINENTAL) (Portuguese).
5. LANDSEER (TIPO EUROPEO CONTINENTAL) (español).
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