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Golden Retriever
Escocia FCI 111 . Retrievers

Golden Retriever

The development of Golden Retriever it's quite slow. He does not physically become an adult until 18 months of age.

Content

History

The origin of the ยซGolden Retrieverยป, a specialized hunter in charge of returning the hunted game, it is quite discussed.

It may have originated in the Caucasus Mountains, where he was raised from a group of dogs related to him Leonberger, and then brought to Britain in the 19th century, or that it descends from a couple of dogs bought in 1858 to a Russian circus for a future English lord, Sir Dudley Marjoribanks.

Wavy Coated Terrier
Wavy Coated Terrier (We)

Behind the myth, we know that this man, also known as Lord Tweedmouth, I raised dogs since 1835. It is said that he made a decisive crossing between two subjects destined to become the great ancestors of the Golden Retriever. In fact, had a Wavy Coated Terrier yellow, called Nous, as well as a female Tweed Water Spaniel, called belle. In a photograph in which Nous poses, we discovered a curly dog, whose size, bone structure and head appear powerful.

In 1868, Lord Tweedmouth apareรณ a Nous y Belle. The historic litter is born. It is made up of a male, called crocus, and three females, There is, Primrose y Cowslip. The breeder then continues a patient work of inbreeding selection with two yellow females and another Tweed Water, a male named Tweed. In this lineage there are two black Retrievers, Sambo and Tracer, a Irish Setter, Sampson, as well as a Bloodhound sand-colored. This selection work was recorded in his breeding book, preserved today by the English Kennel Club.

The Lord's goal was to create a race that met the requirements of a "gentleman farmerยซ, that is to say, a dog with an impeccable nose for hunting waterfowl, but also with excellent skills in fields as varied as rescue or assistance to people with disabilities. He had to be an intelligent and loyal companion, be patient with children and calm at home.

In 1903, the English Kennel Club accepted the registration of the first Goldens, registered as Flat-coated Retriever variety Golden.

English Winifired Charlesworth, which contributed greatly to the recognition of the Flat-coated Retriever like a different race, wrote the first standard for the breed Golden Retriever in 1910.

In 1911 created the Golden Retriever Club of England and the English Kennel Club recognized the Golden Retriever as a race in its own right.

In France, the Retrievers most common were Labradors, and only in the decade of 1930, through breeding, the first appeared Golden Retriever in the territory. A first French litter was officially registered with the English Kennel Club in 1934, produced by the Conde Jules de Bonvouloir (with the affix ยซof Saint-Jean-du-Boisยซ). The latter became president of the Retriever Club de France in the years 40.

The popularity of the Golden Retriever grew dramatically from the end of the years 80, becoming one of the favorite dogs of the French for its friendly nature, franco, playful and helpful.

Physical characteristics

The Golden Retriever is similar in appearance to Labrador Retriever. It is a harmonious dog, powerful and robust, but with a soft expression. His head is wide, his nose is black and his eyes, very separate, are dark brown. His ears are medium in size and hanging, placed at eye level. The tail is carried over the back, does not curl and reaches the hock.

The coat of the Golden it's thick and silky. Hair is straight or wavy, fringed. The undercoat is thick and the exudate (a kind of fat secreted by the skin) makes it very waterproof and protects it from the cold, so the Golden it can stay a long time in streams and rivers without any problem, even in winter.

The webbed shape of its legs also makes it easy to retrieve waterfowl.

The coat colors accepted by the standard are creamy white to dark gold. Snow white colors are not supported, Mahogany, chocolate or black.

Size and weight

    ▷ Male size: Of 56 to 61 cm.
    ▷ female size: Of 51 to 56 cm.
    ▷ Male weight: Of 29 to 31 kg
    ▷ female weight: Of 25 to 27 kg

Character and skills

The Golden Retriever he is naturally meek, friendly and devoted to his caretaker. If as a puppy it can be exuberant, as an adult it is a calm and serene dog, who feels true passion for his family, of which he is considered a full member, to the point of overflowing with love for children. For its gentle character, suits young families and older people alike.

He is a tireless playmate, a dog full of life, who cannot stand loneliness and needs a presence by his side. So, will be unhappy if separated too often from their masters. Sometimes it has a "sticky" side, he likes to please his master by bringing slippers or mail, for example. To put it plainly, pleasing his owner also pleases himself.

The Golden Retriever do not have a natural guardian instinct and come into contact with strangers, both humans and animals, quite easily.

The Golden Retriever it is one of the most intelligent dog breeds, since he understands everything that happens around him.

Although they prefer the countryside, the Golden Retriever they also adapt very well to living in an apartment, provided they are given long walks several times a day. In fact, whether it rains or it is windy, you need to do exercise.

Education

Despite her soft mischievous eyes, the Golden Retriever needs a gentle and firm education at the same time. In effect, he is a real comedian, and before her charming eyes, one soon lets oneself be overwhelmed by a love that grows every day, but what can make one go blind.

As the Golden Retriever he's a bit stubborn when he's young, their education must be done through encouragement and not coercion. Otherwise, his stubborn and somewhat independent character will resurface, making it difficult to re-establish trust between the owner and the dog.

Last, the Golden Retriever usually have a very good relationship with others Golden Retriever, but it is important to socialize it as soon as possible.

Health

The development of Golden Retriever it's quite slow. He does not physically become an adult until 18 months of age, and your character will stabilize around the 4 years, or even more in some individuals. Its growth must be closely monitored, especially in the skeleton. As with all large dog breeds, it is preferable to avoid jumping and stairs while he is a puppy so as not to risk damaging the cartilage of his joints.

The Golden Retriever is also predisposed:

  • Patella dislocation and torn cruciate ligaments;
  • certain diseases of the musculoskeletal system (Hip Dysplasia, elbow dysplasia);
  • Certain eye diseases (congenital and hereditary cataracts, progressive retinal atrophy…);
  • Certain skin diseases (atopia, dermatitis piotraumรกtica, ictiosis…);
  • Piometrio, a severe uterine infection affecting older, unspayed females.

It also, the Golden Retriever is especially prone to Hip Dysplasia. It is advisable to ensure that the parents are free of these conditions when buying a puppy, requesting the creator of Golden Retriever x-rays and screening tests of the parents.

Last, in regards to the atopia, there is a racial component and not only a family. So, this condition can be triggered even if the parents are free of it.

Life expectancy

Of 10 to 12 years

Grooming

The Golden Retriever have moderate hair loss, even during its annual molt.

But, it is advisable to brush it weekly to detect possible parasites and spikelets, and even daily during the shedding period.

On the other hand, it is preferable not to wash the dog too often, as there is a risk of damaging the natural protection formed by its rough undercoat and oozing.

Last, like the ears of the Golden Retriever they are down, they are fragile. Thus, it is recommended to clean them regularly with suitable products to avoid ear infections.

Use

The Golden Retriever, a race created for this purpose, is primarily a hunting dog, who likes to return game pieces to his master, preferably dead, and often falls into the water. It also, naturally gifted for work, swimming is his favorite sport.

But the Golden Retriever it is also one of the most popular companion dogs.

It also, It is often used for its qualities as a support dog for patients, disabled assistance dog, guide dog for the blind, but also as a rubble dog, drug or bomb search.

Last, the Golden Retriever they are also in high demand today as show dogs.

Price

The purchase price of a Golden Retriever ranges between โ‚ฌ500 and โ‚ฌ1000 and its maintenance ranges between 1400 and 1500 EUR.

Characteristics "Golden Retriever"

Coexistence is important that you have with your new friend. Before considering the acquisition of a dog of the breed "Golden Retriever" you know certain factors. Not all breeds of dogs are apt to live in an apartment, you must take into account his character, their need for exercise, their interaction with other pets, their care and if you have small children, their level of tolerance towards them.

Adaptation โ“˜

2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

friendly dog โ€‹โ€‹โ“˜

5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

hair loss โ“˜

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Affection level โ“˜

5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Need for exercise โ“˜

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Social need โ“˜

5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Home โ“˜

4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Toilet โ“˜

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Friendly with strangers โ“˜

5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

barking โ“˜

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Health โ“˜

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Territorial โ“˜

2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Cat friendly โ“˜

4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Intelligence โ“˜

5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Versatility โ“˜

4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Child friendly โ“˜

5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Surveillance โ“˜

2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

joy โ“˜

5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Images "Golden Retriever"

Photos:

1 – One Golden Retriever male with a tennis ball by Scott Beckner, CC BY 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons
2 – Golden Retriever by https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Golden_retriever.jpg
3 – Golden Retriever by https://es.m.wikiquote.org/wiki/Archivo:Callie_the_golden_retriever_puppy.jpg
4 – Golden Retriever by I, Willybu, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons
5 – Puppy Golden Retriever / young dog in the North Sea (Scheveningen, Hague, Netherlands) by Dirk Vorderstrasse, CC BY 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons
6 – Portrait of male Golden Retriever of 3 years by Johan Spaedtke, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons

Videos "Golden Retriever"

Type and recognitions:

  • FCI CLASSIFICATION:
  • Group :
  • Section : . .

Federations:

  • – FCI – Group 8: Retrievers - Flushing Dogs - Water Dogs – Section 1: Retrievers โ“˜
  • – AKC – Sporting โ“˜
  • – ANKC – Group 3 (Gundogs) โ“˜
  • – CKC – Sporting Dogs โ“˜
  • – โ€‹KC – Gundog โ“˜
  • – NZKC – Gundog โ“˜
  • – UKC – Gun Dogs โ“˜

FCI breed standard "Golden Retriever"

Origin:
United Kingdom, Scotland

Date of publication of the valid original standard:
24.06.1987

Use:

Retriever hunting and shooting.



General appearance:

Harmonious, provided, Active, powerful, with gathered movements; well built and with a caring expression.



Behavior / temperament:

Docile, intelligent and possessing an innate ability for work. Kind, friendly and confident.

Head:

Proportionate and well molded.

Cranial region:
  • Skull: Spacious without being clumsy, well inserted into the neck.
  • Depression links (Stop): Well defined.

facial region:

  • Truffle: Preferably black.
  • Snout: Powerful, wide and deep. The length of the muzzle should be approximately equal to the distance between the stop and the occipital bone.
  • Jaws / Teeth: Strong JAWS, with a perfect, regular and complete scissor bite, that is to say, that the internal face of the upper incisors is in contact with the external face of the lower incisors, the teeth being placed at right angles to the jaws.

Eyes: Dark brown, well separated; The eye rims must be dark.

Ears: Medium-sized, implanted approximately at eye level.

Neck:

Good length, net and muscular.

Body:

Balanced.

  • Back: Horizontal top line.
  • Pork loin: Strong and muscular, short.
  • Breast : Well descended in the sternal region. Deep well sprung ribs.

Tail:

Implanted and carried at the level of the back, reaching the Hock; without curling at the tip.

Tips

PREVIOUS MEMBERS:Straight and of good bones.

Shoulder: Well oblique, with long scapulae.

Arms: The same length as the scapulae, which makes the front limbs are well placed under the body.

Elbows: Glued to the body.

LATER MEMBERS:Strong and muscular.

Knee: Well angulated femoro-tibio-patellar joint.

Leg: Long.

Hocks: Well descended; seen from behind they must appear parallel, not turned neither in nor out. Cow hocks are very undesirable.

Movement:

Powerful, with a lot of push. The fore and hind limbs move in planes parallel to the axis of the body. Long and free step, without any tendency to lift the above.

Mantle

HAIR: smooth or wavy, with good fringes and with a dense and waterproof undercoat.

COLOR: Any shade of gold or cream, neither red nor mahogany. Only the presence of a few white hairs on the parapet is allowed..



Size and weight:

Height to the cross:

  • The males between 56 and 61 cm. (22-24 inches).
  • The females among 51 and 56 cm. (20-22 inches).


Fouls:

Any deviation from the aforementioned criteria is considered as a fault and the severity of this is considered to the degree of the deviation to the standard and its consequences on the health and well-being of the dog., and the ability of the dog to carry out their traditional work.

FALTAS DESCALIFICANTES:

โ€ข Aggressiveness or extreme shyness.
โ€ข Any dog โ€‹โ€‹showing clear signs of physical or behavioral abnormalities.



N.B.:

โ€ข Males must have two normal-appearing testicles fully descended into the scrotum..
โ€ข Only functionally and clinically healthy dogs, with the typical conformation of the breed, should be used for parenting.

Source: F.C.I - International Cynological Federation

Alternative names:

1. Golden (English).
2. Retriever Golden (French).
3. Golden (German).
4. Golden (Portuguese).
5. Cobrador dorado (espaรฑol).

โ–ท The world of Pets: Dogs, cats, birds, reptiles, amphibians

German Spaniel
Alemania FCI 104 . Flushing Dogs

German Spaniel

The German Spaniel it is very appreciated especially for hunting.

Content

History

The study of the history of hunting teaches us that centuries ago there were hunting dogs very similar to the current one. German Spaniel. At that time they were used to hunt.

Breeding of the controlled breed in a studbook began in the early 20th century, with a few suitable bitches. The first representative of the German Spaniel was Mr. Augusta 1834 L, a Staufenberg dog in Upper Bavaria.

At first there were only brown dogs with partial white markings and dogs with white markings.. The latter had small red spots on the head and limbs, called "fire marks". It was the bitch Baby auf de Schanze 1838 L the one that introduced the roan in the race. Rudolf Friess, a dog fancier who for decades had a major influence on the breeding of the German Spaniel, introduced separate breeding of brown and roan varieties.

Despite the narrow initial breeding base, put in place an essential requirement to avoid damage due to inbreeding through selective mating. The separation of the two colors is also justified by a certain disparity in the natural qualities of the German Spaniel. Chestnut trees were easier to drive over short distances and more persistent on the track, while the roans had a highly developed penetration at long distances.

These different natural gifts are no longer a reliable differential criterion today, since in the meantime, for many reasons, there have been repeated crosses between the two color varieties. But, in principle, the separation still maintains a certain reserve of unrelated blood within the race today.

The German Spaniel it is and continues to be bred by hunters and for hunters as a hunting dog with great versatility.

Photo: ยซGerman Retrieverยป by https://pixabay.com/de/photos/wachtelhund-jagdhund-stรถberhund-4604508/

Physical characteristics

The German Spaniel it is a medium sized hunting dog, longhair, very muscular, with a noble head and strong bones. In general, they are longer than they are tall, but they should never give the impression of being tall.

Lively and very passionate about hunting, friendly and self-assured in their natural environment, very docile and very adaptable; neither shy nor aggressive.

The German Spaniel in some points:

– Has a well developed piercing,

– follow the path of hunting big and small with will and perseverance,

– give voice without hesitation,

– has a fine nose,

– he likes rapport and water,

– has a bite for hunting and vermin,

– Trained and properly managed, hunt without deviating from course over long distances; works as a Bloodhound and in the search for lost pieces; is a versatile hunting dog for tracking and hunting in ditches, heavily wooded areas and in the water. Since the beginning of the supervised breeding, the ability to stop has not been taken into account.

The coat is strong, glued, mostly wavy, occasionally also curly (Astrakhan), or long, flat with thick undercoat; not too long, especially not fine or silky; on the nape, often curled on the ears and rump; well furnished hindquarters and tail; the presence of a frill around the neck is frequent; the belly is also well provided with hair; muzzle and cranial region have short but tight hair; the ears are covered with curls or tight, wavy hair that extends beyond the edge of the pinna; the interdigital spaces have a tight hair but not too long.

The "German Retriever" is bred in two color varieties:

– Solid brown, more rarely also red; often with white or mottled markings on the chest and toes.
– Brown roan, more rarely also red roan; the background color consists of brown hairs, possibly red, intimately mixed with white hairs; often the head is brown, possibly red, with spots or also a mantle that extends all over the back ; this color variety includes variegated coats with a white background and large brown spots, possibly red, also the so-called "tiger" dogs, in which the white background is also mottled or mottled with small tufts of brown hair, possibly red; the latter can perfectly descend from monocolor parents.

All shades and variations of red are included in this term (red fox, red deer, red deer).

SIZE AND WEIGHT :

  • Males 48-54 cm.
  • females 45-52 cm.
  • Varies in relation to size, between some 18 and 25 kg.

    Character and skills

    Robust, brave, can work on all terrains, mainly forests and swamps. Active tracker, bush hunter, screaming on the road, he specializes in hunting small game but also in tracking foxes and large animals. He is a good collector, it is also a trail dog, able to search for wounded game. Loving, is appreciated as a companion. He is self-assured in his natural environment., while being endowed with a great capacity for adaptation.

    They are not shy or aggressive, but they need a strong education that starts soon.

    Education

    Kind, affectionate and docile, the German Spaniel has these wonderful predispositions by nature. But with one condition, and not the least. Because this dog needs a lot more exercise, education and activity from the beginning of what a family or active people can offer. Being on the go is not enough. The German Spaniel want more. It can and should do more than just be a family dog. Idleness goes against their nature. You need qualified training as a hunting dog that will challenge you mentally and physically. If you are successful, this passionate hunter will prove to be an obedient and loyal companion.

    Health

    The German Spaniel have a slight predisposition to hip dysplasia. Breeders are very careful not to breed animals with this predisposition. This will greatly reduce this deficiency.

    On the other hand, floppy ears predispose this dog to ear infections (and more for dogs used to getting into the water).

    Grooming

    The coat of the German Spaniel is perfectly adapted to your lifestyle. Dirt doesn't seem to stick to hair, even if he walks through the bushes for hours. A weekly brushing is enough. He usually decides when it's time to bathe. Showering in summer is a moment of well-being that you enjoy.

    Characteristics "German Spaniel"

    Coexistence is important that you have with your new friend. Before considering the acquisition of a dog of the breed "German Spaniel" you know certain factors. Not all breeds of dogs are apt to live in an apartment, you must take into account his character, their need for exercise, their interaction with other pets, their care and if you have small children, their level of tolerance towards them.

    Adaptation โ“˜

    4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    friendly dog โ€‹โ€‹โ“˜

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    hair loss โ“˜

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Affection level โ“˜

    4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Need for exercise โ“˜

    5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Social need โ“˜

    4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Home โ“˜

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Toilet โ“˜

    2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Friendly with strangers โ“˜

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    barking โ“˜

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Health โ“˜

    4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Territorial โ“˜

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Cat friendly โ“˜

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Intelligence โ“˜

    4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Versatility โ“˜

    4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Child friendly โ“˜

    4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Surveillance โ“˜

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    joy โ“˜

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Images "German Spaniel"

    Photos:

    1 – Deutscher Wachtel by Steffen Heinz (Caronna), CC BY-SA 2.5, via Wikimedia Commons
    2 – German Spaniel by https://pixabay.com/de/photos/deutscher-wachtelhund-jagdhund-4748569/
    3 – German Spaniel by https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Deutscher_Wachtel.jpg
    4 – German Spaniel by https://pixabay.com/de/photos/deutscher-wachtelhund-hund-haustier-5753477/
    5 – German Spaniel by https://pixabay.com/de/photos/deutscher-wachtelhund-jagdhund-4763510/
    6 – German Spaniel by https://pixabay.com/de/photos/deutscher-wachtelhund-jagdhund-4905048/

    Videos "German Spaniel"

    German Spaniel (German Quail Dog)
    German Spaniel (Deutscher Wachtelhund)
    Training German Spaniel - Ayrin from Jiล™รญฤkรฝ luk
    Training German Spaniel

    Type and recognitions:

    • FCI CLASSIFICATION:
    • Group :
    • Section : . .

    Federations:

    • – FCI – Group 8: Retrievers - Flushing Dogs - Water Dogs – Section 2: Retrievers โ“˜

    FCI breed standard "German Spaniel"

    Origin:
    Germany

    Date of publication of the valid original standard:
    24.07.1996

    Use:

    Hunting dog, versatile hunting dog.



    General appearance:

    The German Retriever is a medium-sized hunting dog., Longhair, very muscular, with noble head and strong bones. Overall it is longer than it is tall and in no way gives the impression of having long limbs..

    IMPORTANT PROPORTIONS :

    โ€ข Relationship between body length and height at withers = 1,2 : 1
    โ€ข Relationship between chest height and height at withers = 0,5 : 1
    โ€ข Relationship between the length of the snout and the length of the skull = 1 : 1



    Behavior / temperament:

    He is lively and very passionate about hunting.; He is friendly and safe in his environment; very docile and adaptable, is not fearful or aggressive.

    The German Retriever is:

    โ€ข Equipped with a strong will to search.
    โ€ข It is safe in search of traces or clues.
    โ€ข Reliably has a continuous bark.
    โ€ข Has a fine sense of smell.
    โ€ข Has a pronounced taste for charging and for water.
    โ€ข It is sharp for hunting wild and predatory animals..
    โ€ข In its corresponding initiation and direction, hunting independently, extensive and controlled. It is reliable when working as a bloodhound and to search for lost prey.; It is a versatile utility hunting dog for working in dense places., in the forest and in the water. The suitability for the sample was not considered from the beginning of the breeding of this breed..

    Head:

    ---

    Cranial region:
    • Skull : Flattened, moderately wide; the occipital protuberance is not noticeable.
    • Depression links (Stop) : Only slightly marked.

    facial region:

    • Truffle : big and dark, with wide open windows; depigmentation in small spots is considered a lack; the ram's nose beautifies the dog.
    • Snout : Strong, with wide nose shank along its entire length; slightly rounded downwards, never pointed, no shorter than the skull.
    • Lips : Straight, dry, rigorously adjusted, pigmented according to coat color.
    • Mandible / Teeth : Complete bite with 42 teeth in the following order (schematic seen from the front):Right M P C I I C P M Left Upper maxillary 2 4 1 3 3 1 4 2 Upper jawโ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”Lower jaw 3 4 1 3 3 1 4 3 Lower jaw(Explanation of the initials of the dental formula : I = incisors, C = fangs, P = premolars, M = Molars).The incisors of the upper jaw closely overlap those of the lower jaw, forming a scissor bite.; pincer bite is tolerated; teeth are well developed; strong bite.
    • Cheeks : Thin with close-fitting skin; non-protruding cheekbones.

    Eyes : Medium brown color, dark as possible, medium-sized, placed a little oblique, Neither prominent nor sunken; eyelids well adjusted to the eyeball; no visible nictitating membrane. The edge of the eyelids with eyebrows.

    Ears : High and wide insertion, flattened; without being twisted, They hang very close behind the eyes; they are not thick, neither fleshy nor limp; regularly developed hair covers protruding from the inner edge of the ears. The ear turned forward reaches up to the nose.

    Neck:

    Strong; especially well muscled neck; forms an obtuse angle in its transition towards the cross; begins with no visible loose skin and extends toward the chest without forming a double chin.

    Body:

    • top line : In each of the regions the upper line is straight and gradually connects them to each other; the rump is slightly descending; the tail is carried as an extension of the line of the back or slightly hanging.
    • Cross : Strong and marked.
    • Back : Short and firm, without sinking behind the cross.
    • Pork loin : Powerfully muscular, so it gives the impression of serancho.
    • Rump : Slightly descending, never higher than the cross, situated a little below the height of the cross.
    • Breast : Seen from the front it is oval and reaches below the elbow when viewed from the side. long thorax, well arched; It is neither barrel-shaped nor flattened..
    • Lbottom line and belly : From the last false rib back it is moderately retracted; Also in its lower part it is as much as possible completely covered with hair and dense undercoat..

    Tail:

    At rest, carries it as a continuation of the upper line in a straight or downward manner; in excitement or with lively movement lifts it slightly; To avoid injuries from friction, it should be cut in the first three days of life to at most a third of its length. (amputation). (In countries where amputation is prohibited, can remain natural).

    Tips

    PREVIOUS MEMBERS :

    • As a whole : Viewed from the front, they are straight and parallel; Seen from the side they are well plumb under the body, with good angles.
    • Shoulder : Powerfully muscular; scapulae oblique and directed backwards.
    • Arm : During movement it is stuck very close to the thorax.
    • Elbows : Very close to the body, no inward or outward deviation.
    • Forearm : Straight, the parts near the joints are not hypertrophied or rickety.
    • Articulation of the carpus : Strong.
    • Metacarpus : Slightly leaning forward.
    • Previous feet : Spoon-shaped, fingers close together; Cat's or hare's feet are undesirable; hard pads, strong and well pigmented; strong nails, well worn.

    LATER MEMBERS :

    • As a whole : Seen from the side, they present good angulation in the knee and tibiotarsal joints.; Seen from behind they are straight and parallel; They are not barrel-shaped or cow-shaped.; strong bones.
    • Thigh : Wide and very muscular; good angulation between the pelvis and thigh.
    • Knee : Strong, with good angulation between thigh and leg.
    • Leg : Long, muscular and tendon.
    • Warm-foot joint : Strong.
    • Metatarsus : Short, vertical.
    • Hind feet : Like the previous ones.

    Movement:

    Fluid and space-encompassing; the limbs slide straight and parallel closely to the body.

    Mantle

    SKIN : Resistant, well stuck; It does not form wrinkles or is pigmented.

    HAIR : Strong, densely packed; It is mostly wavy, although sometimes also curly (Astrachan) long straight hair, with dense undercoat; not very long, neither thin nor hardly silky; on the nape, ears and rump is frequently curly; on the back of the limbs and on the tail it has good feathers; frequently forms a ruff on the neck (with a goal); also the belly is well covered with hair; on the snout and on the skull, the hair is short, but dense; the ears are covered with curls or thick wavy hair, the inner edge also protrudes; the spaces between the fingers are covered with dense but not too long hair.

    COLOR :

    The German Retriever is bred in two color varieties:

    โ€ข Uniform brown color, rarely also red*; often with white marks or splattered on the chest and fingers.
    โ€ข Brown roan, also rarely red roan*; The basic color is made up of brown or red hairs densely mixed with white.; often with brown or red head*; like this with plates or a coat over the entire back. This color variety also includes spotted ones with a white basic color and large brown or red plates*, as well as colored dogs called โ€œtigerโ€ in which the basic white color is dotted or speckled in addition to brown or red streaks*, even if they come from parents of a single color. In both color varieties there are red marks* (fire)on the eyes, on the snout, on the extremities and around the anus.
    *) All varieties of red tones belong to these. (red fox, roe deer red, deer red).



    Size and weight:

    Height to the cross :

    • Males 48 โ€“ 54 cm..
    • females 45 โ€“ 52 cm..

    WEIGHT : Varies depending on size, approximately between 18 โ€“ 25 kg. (Females a little lighter than males).



    Fouls:

    Any deviation from the aforementioned criteria is considered a fault and the severity of it is considered to the extent of the deviation from the standard and its consequences on the health and well-being of the dog..

    โ€ข Stop marked.
    โ€ข Very deep lips, not closed.
    โ€ข Lack of a PM1 premolar.
    โ€ข Eyelids not tightly adjusted.
    โ€ข Too narrow ear canals (provision for ear diseases).
    โ€ข Barrel chest.
    โ€ข Wide or thin ends.
    โ€ข Thin hair, sparse or silky; belly little covered with hair; leather earflap (without hair).
    โ€ข Weight and size slightly more or less than indicated.

    SERIOUS FAULTS :

    โ€ข Skin diseases (dermatitis, atopy).
    โ€ข Missing teeth (except the lack of a PM1).

    MISS PLAYOFFS :

    โ€ข Aggressive or fearful.
    โ€ข Weakness of character, shyness of wild animals or gunshots.
    โ€ข Serious bite defects (prognatismo superior, lower, incisor arcade deviated).
    โ€ข Ectropion, entropion.
    โ€ข Black hair color.



    N.B.:

    โ€ข Males must have two normal-appearing testicles fully descended into the scrotum..
    โ€ข Only functionally and clinically healthy dogs, with the typical conformation of the breed, should be used for parenting.

    Source: F.C.I - International Cynological Federation

    Alternative names:

    1. Deutscher Wachtelhund (German quail dog) (English).
    2. Chien d’oysel (French).
    3. Deutscher Wachtel (German).
    4. (em alemรฃo: Deutscher Wachtelhund) (Portuguese).
    5. Spaniel alemรกn, (en alemรกn deutscher wachtelhund) (espaรฑol).

    โ–ท The world of Pets: Dogs, cats, birds, reptiles, amphibians

    Labrador Retriever
    Canadรก Reino Unido FCI 122 . Retrievers

    Labrador Retriever

    The Labrador Retriever It is the most popular breed in the world by number of registered copies.

    Content

    History

    The Labrador Retriever is a relatively recent breed and originated in Great Britain, where it was developed during the 19th century.

    His ancestor, St. John's dog, comes from canada. Contrary to popular belief, is originally from the island of Newfoundland, of that St. John's is the capital, and not from the province of Labrador.

    The exact origin of this ancestor is under debate, but the most accepted theory is that it descends from the Castro Laboreiro Dog, a dog that accompanied the Portuguese fishermen. another theory, supported by some experts, although not very plausible, is that the Labrador Retriever actually descended from the dogs used by Labradors Indians to pull sleds.

    The truth is that many writings dating back to the 16th century speak of small dogs, sometimes presented as little Newfoundlands, who help local fishermen find the fish that have fallen out of the trap.

    At the beginning of the 19th century, the qualities of this dog convinced the English visitors to the island, and then some specimens were imported to Great Britain. They caught the attention of the 2nd Earl of Malmesbury, who used these water dogs for hunting. He passed on his passion for these dogs to his son, who continued to develop the breed with the help of some local breeders. Was this son, the third Earl of Malmesbury, who gave name to the breed Labrador Retriever. But, no one knows if he did it as a tribute to the Labrador Sea, that borders the island of Newfoundland, or as a distortion of the Portuguese name Laboreiro.

    In 1885, Lord Malmesbury, the third of the name, gave birth to a black dog named Buccleuch Avon, which is considered the ancestor of all Labradores current.

    The Kennel Club britรกnico (KC) recognized the breed already in 1903, but it wasn't until 1916 when Countess Lorna Howe founded the first breed club, who wrote the first standard of the Labrador Retriever.

    It was also at the beginning of the 20th century when the breed was imported to the United States., to the point that the American Kennel Club (AKC) recognized the breed already in 1917.

    Over the years 20, the standards of the different organizations evolved to accept yellow copies, while all Labrador Retriever they were originally black.

    After World War II, the breed spread all over the world, earning recognition from the United Kennel Club (UKC) in 1947 y from the Fรฉdรฉration Cynologique Internationale (FCI) in 1954. Today it is accepted by all canine associations, including, for example, the Canadian Kennel Club (CKC).

    Diffusion

    The Labrador Retriever It, with difference, the most popular dog breed in the world. It is especially popular with Anglo-Saxons, for example, ranking first in Australia, Canada, Great Britain and United States. In this country, leads to head from 1991, with more than 100.000 annual registrations in the American Kennel Club (AKC). The same has happened in Canada since the end of the years 90.

    Although its popularity does not diminish, can fluctuate significantly from year to year. In Great Britain, for example, there were more than 44.000 annual records of Kennel Club in 2010, but "only" some 32.000 in 2015 and 35.000 in 2019.

    In France, the situation is different. Although it is one of the 10 Most popular dog breeds in France, is not present in the head trio, and is even surpassed by the Golden Retriever. The popularity of the Labrador in France it soared over the years 80-90, going from less than 2.500 births registered each year in the Livre des Origines Franรงais (LOF) at the beginning of the period about 10.000 at the end. Then, this figure decreased in the decade of 2000 (while the Golden ones shot up), until they are around 7.000. From 2013, rebounded, ending the year 2010 at around 8.000 births per year.

    Physical characteristics

    The Labrador it is a big animal, well built, but agile.

    His body is massive and muscular, but not at all corpulent. His chest is wide, and the bowed ribs should be palpable under the skin. The legs are solid boned and end in round legs. The tail, known as "otter tail", is a peculiarity of the breed and helps you swim. Very thick at the base, tapers towards the tip and is covered in short fringed hairs.

    The skull is broad, with a well defined stop and a powerful muzzle. The nose has wide nostrils and is the same color as the fur. The eyes are more or less dark brown and express intelligence and good character.. The ears, placed towards the back of the skull, fall along the cheeks.

    The coat of the Labrador Retriever consists of a dense, weather-resistant underlayer and a dense top layer, short and without ripples. To the touch, it is quite hard and rough. It is waterproof and dries quickly once out of the water.

    The coat of the Labrador must be uniform, except for a possible small white spot on the chest. The breed standard only accepts three colors: the black (the original color), the yellow (the most common today, that goes from cream to red) and the brown (the least common, and sometimes called liver or chocolate). Silver color (Silver) it's not allowed, since it is due to a cross with the Weimaraner.

    Last, the male is larger and more massive than the female, but this sexual dimorphism is not extremely marked either.

    Height and weight

      ▷ Male size: Of 56 to 57 cm.
      ▷ female size: Of 54 to 56 cm.
      ▷ Male weight: Of 30 to 35 kg
      ▷ female weight: Of 30 to 33 kg

    Varieties

    Although they are not strictly varieties, the Labrador Retriever of work lines have some differences with those of exposure line. In general, the former are more agile and athletic, while the seconds are more solid and calm.

    It also, the Labrador it is probably the most used breed for the creation of designer dogs. Among the many possible crosses, the most common are undoubtedly the Labradoodle (Labrador + Poodle), the Labsky (Labrador + Husky) and the Borador (Border Collie + Labrador).

    Character and skills

    The Labrador is loving, close to his family and incredibly sociable, to the point of being one of the races closest to humans. Love everyone: To his family, of course, but also to the neighbors, to the pizza delivery man, the stranger who is on a walk or the friendly thief who enters his territory and takes the time to caress him.

    It is also an ideal dog with children of all ages, showing legendary patience when a little one plays with his ears or tries to play wheelie with him. And surely this is the reason why so many accidents are recorded every year: the fact that it is so conciliatory should not do without teaching children how to behave with an animal and respect it, so as not to exceed the limits of what you can tolerate. In any case, regardless of race, a dog should never be left with a young child without adult supervision.

    The Labrador Retriever they not only enjoy the company of humans, they also love spending time with other dogs and get along wonderfully with cats and other small animals in the house. But, its size, his enthusiasm and his habit of putting everything between his jaws can be dangerous for small rodents, reptiles and birds, those who can accidentally hurt.

    During its first two years, this dog is a ball of energy with insatiable curiosity and limited listening skills. Run, he plays and bites everything he finds: toys, shoes, plants, phone… It is better not to leave anything that is valuable or that could harm you.. When he becomes an adult, calm down, but he is still a very active dog, that you need at least an hour of exercise a day. Games and walks are a great way to help you exercise., and even the most sporty owners appreciate finding a companion who is always happy to be away, even after several hours of effort. On the other hand, not suitable for an elderly or very sedentary person.

    In any case, although it does not tend to flee, his sociability and curiosity make him like to go see what happens everywhere and snoop. Thus, to avoid possible problems during walks, it is better to lead him on a leash so that he remains by his master's side.

    Smart and helpful, to the Labrador Retriever likes to be useful. They stand out as assistance dogs, but they can also be content with more routine tasks. The missions of great importance, like bringing slippers or helping dig a hole to plant a tree, give you a sense of accomplishment. But it is capable of much more, and he loves dog sports like flyball, agility and obedience, that allow you to show all your qualities, both athletic and intellectual.

    Water activities are another interesting way to spend your energy. Whether rolling in a puddle, jumping in the pool or swimming in the sea, to the Labrador Retriever She loves water. He is even an excellent swimmer, but he is not always lucid enough to estimate the strength of the current. Best kept on a leash near a dangerous area, such as a river with a strong current or an area of โ€‹โ€‹the ocean known for the speed of its currents.

    Due to its size and activity level, not particularly suitable for apartment living, although it can be accommodated as long as its owner takes care of taking it out several times a day and allows it to get enough exercise. But, the ideal is a house with a garden, so you can exercise at your leisure. Even though i'm not a fugitive, it is better that the limits of its territory are clear, so that you do not venture to discover the neighborhood, risking getting lost or being the victim of a traffic accident. So, a fence is highly recommended.

    The debate among specialists focuses on whether the Labrador is it an indoor or outdoor dog. It is clear that, because of its proximity to humans, the Labrador Retriever wants to spend as much time as possible with his family, and it's not a matter of keeping him away from her for days. But, it is undeniable that its origins, his physical characteristics and his energy make him happier outdoors. At the end, unless your family decides to live in a tent set up outside, there is no ideal solution, and both the master and the dog have to make concessions.

    Last, to the Labrador not heard often, but when he barks, Everybody knows: its bark can reach the 110 dB.

    Education

    The Labrador Retriever is naturally open to humans and other animals, but this does not at all mean that their socialization should be neglected. From the first weeks, the puppy should have the opportunity to meet several people on a regular basis, crossing paths with other animals and being exposed to different situations. It is these experiences that allow you to become a calm and balanced adult, sociable and not aggressive.

    In any case, the Labrador young is often difficult to manage for an inexperienced owner, especially if he has been constantly hearing praise about the character of the breed and expects everything to go smoothly. your excess energy, his propensity to bite everything he finds (shoes, furniture, phone…) and his inability to stay focused for more than a few seconds make some people wonder if his partner is having a problem.

    The help of a professional canine educator can be useful during the first year, especially to help control its tendency to destroy everything that passes between its jaws, as well as withdrawal orders.

    To the extent that Labrador Retriever it grows, becomes one of the easiest and most cooperative dog breeds to train, even for an inexperienced person. Their intelligence and desire to please make them quickly assimilate orders, and his passion for food makes the task even easier.

    Knowing this, It goes without saying that positive reinforcement is the method of choice when training a Labrador Retriever. Compliments and pampering are appreciated, but sweets are usually even more so. But, should be used sparingly, since there is a risk of gaining weight.

    As long as the owner is willing to spend time on their education and training, the possibilities of a Labrador they are immense, as demonstrated for decades by the thousands of representatives of this breed used as service dogs for the disabled or others. Dog shows, such as agility or obedience competitions, are another way to show the extent of your talents.

    Health

    The Labrador Retriever it is a robust breed with a remarkable life expectancy for its size, so much so that many specimens happily exceed the 15 years of age.

    Its dense and waterproof fur protects it very well from the cold and bad weather., but also from the heat. Like this, adapts perfectly to all types of climates, although it must be able to take shelter when temperatures are extremely low and remain quietly in the shade in the event of a heat wave.

    Despite his generally good health, the breed is still susceptible to various diseases. Most are common to all large dogs, but some are specific to him, and others are due to its popularity, which has led some breeders to privilege the quantity and not respect all the usual precautions. The most commons are :

    • Hip Dysplasia, elbow dysplasia and shoulder dysplasia (u osteocondrosis), joint deformities that prevent the dog from moving normally. They can have a hereditary dimension, but since the carrier subjects are excluded from reproduction, the main cause today is simply growing too fast;
    • Dilation-torsion of the stomach, a problem that is often caused by ingesting large amounts of food too quickly and often fatal without the prompt intervention of a veterinarian;
    • Progressive retinal atrophy, an incurable degeneration of the eye tissue leading to total loss of sight, first at night and then also during the day;
    • Centronuclear myopathy, an inherited disease that causes a loss of muscle mass;
    • The nasal paraqueratosis (or hyperkeratosis of the nose), a hereditary disease characteristic of the breed and responsible for the lesions in the nose, which then acquires a dry and rough appearance. It is treated with medicinal creams that soften the affected tissues and does not affect the quality of life of the dog;
    • Exercise-induced collapse, which causes the animal to collapse shortly after exertion. It is then necessary to adapt the dog's exercises to avoid those that are too intense., since this condition is incurable ;
    • The epilepsy, that causes seizures and has no cure. But, treatment can reduce the frequency and intensity of these seizures, so that most individuals manage to continue with a normal life;
    • The narcolepsy, causing a sudden loss of muscle tone and sudden drowsiness, sometimes in the middle of an action;
      ear infections (otitis, etc.), due to the drooping shape of the ears, that traps dirt and moisture more easily;
    • Eye problems: cataract, entropion, retinal dysplasia…

    Due to the immense popularity of the breed in recent decades, many diseases have been recorded in the Labrador, but they are still extremely rare. A study conducted in 2004 by the British Kennel Club and the British Small Animal Veterinary Association indicates that cancer and advanced age are the leading causes of death in this breed, since they account for more than half of all deaths. heart problems (heart attack, cardiomyopathy…) and cerebral vascular problems lag far behind, representing a running total of around 13% of the cases.

    In day to day, the most common health problem in Labrador It, with difference, the obesity. His large appetite and his ability to convince his family that he deserves some extra croquettes make many representatives of the breed eat more than they should and are overweight. Only his master can protect him, respecting the recommended daily rations and not giving in to their incessant demands. This is not to be taken lightly, since obesity can not only aggravate pre-existing pathologies, but also provoke new ones.

    Your appetite and your propensity to "eat" everything you find are also responsible for another risk to your health., especially during their first two or three years. Socks, toys and other small objects can cause a bowel obstruction when ingested and require surgical intervention. So, it is important not to leave anything lying around that can be swallowed, especially sharp objects.

    Adopt from a serious breeder of Labrador Retriever dramatically reduces the risk of getting a puppy in poor health, for example with a hereditary disease. The fact that it is a member of the breed club is a guarantee of quality. In any case, in addition to the results of the genetic tests carried out on both parents and the puppy, must be able to present a certificate of good health issued by a veterinarian, as well as details of the vaccinations administered to the puppy, registered in your health or vaccination card.

    Once the adoption is done, it is the owner's responsibility to keep their dog in good health throughout its life. As such, a routine visit to the vet is necessary at least once a year, although there are no problems on the horizon. Ensures that the animal is up to date with its vaccinations, but it also makes it possible to detect possible health problems in time that may not be noticeable at first glance. At the same time, the owner must make sure to regularly renew the antiparasitic treatments to his companion, so that it is permanently protected.

    Life expectancy

    13 years

    Grooming

    The maintenance of the coat of the Labrador Retriever is simple, since a weekly brushing is enough to remove dead hairs and dirt. If he Labrador Retriever molts throughout the year, the phenomenon is, of course, much more pronounced during its annual molt, in autumn and spring: it is then necessary to opt for a daily frequency to remove excess dead hair.

    Being generally quite clean, does not need to bathe too often, at the risk of damaging your sensitive hair. The sebum that covers it (and that disappears in part during the bath) allows it to be waterproof and protects it from external elements. So, two or three bathrooms a year is a maximum, and it is advisable to systematically use a mild shampoo designed specifically for dogs, since the pH of your skin is not the same as that of humans.
    If you've gotten dirty especially after a walk in the mud, it is advisable to simply rinse it with fresh water, without using shampoo. The same should be done after bathing in salt water or in a pool.

    After any kind of bath, even in fresh water, dry your ears with a clean towel to prevent moisture from building up. Their fallen shape makes them a breeding ground for all kinds of inflammations and infections. (otitis, etc.). For the same reason, should be cleaned weekly to remove dirt and moisture.

    The eyes should also be examined weekly and, if required, clean them with a damp cloth.

    The weekly maintenance session is also an opportunity to brush your dog's teeth., which helps prevent problems related to plaque formation (bad breath, diseases, etc.). Ideally, do it more often., even daily. In any case, a toothpaste specially designed for dogs should always be used.

    Last, wear and tear is usually enough to file your claws, but it is advisable to check once a month that it is so, and if รยฝรยตร‘โ€š, cut them manually. In effect, how long are they too long, that is to say, you can hear them rubbing against the ground when walking on hard surfaces, they can get in the way or even break and injure you.

    Whether the fur, the ears, the eyes, teeth or claws, It may be helpful the first time to learn from a veterinarian or professional groomer what is required to maintain a Labrador Retriever. It is also important to get used to Labrador from a young age to avoid any subsequent problems.

    Utility

    Is often forgotten, but the Labrador Retriever it's basically a hunting dog, made to recover the hunt. Their ancestors were used to retrieve fish that fell from the net in the icy waters of the North Atlantic. When it was developed in England, learned to recover all kinds of game, but his predilection for the aquatic environment made him a specialist in aquatic birds.

    Today he is still a waterfowl specialist, and his hunting dog skills continue to be appreciated around the world.

    But, seem to be overshadowed by the qualities that make them an ideal pet, and it is clearly in this role that he finds himself most often all over the world. Child friendly, playful and active, sociable and incredibly attached to his family, the Labrador Retriever It is the quintessential family dog.

    Its intelligence also makes it the most common breed among service dogs.. Whether used as a guide dog for the visually impaired, as a service dog for people with disabilities or as an emotional support dog (for example, for autistic people), rarely disappoints. Figures vary from country to country and association to association, but the proportion of Labrador retrievers among the dogs used in this context is generally between the 50 % and the 70 %.

    He has also made a name for himself among the security forces, since their smell helps detect drugs, weapons and other prohibited products. He is also well known in the search for victims and missing persons..

    as expected, the Labrador Retriever also shines in beauty pageants, to the point of being a regular on the catwalk at dog shows.

    It is also frequently found on the podiums of dog sports competitions, especially in agility tests, obedience and flyball.

    Last, there is only one role that he is absolutely incapable of playing: the guardian. Doesn't bark when a stranger approaches, and if you have the good idea to pet him or even give him some treat, then you are welcome home, be it good or bad intention…

    Price

    The price of a puppy Labrador Retriever round the 950 EUR, without great differences between males and females. But, this average hides great disparities, since the quantities requested range from 500 euros for specimens with characteristics far from the standard up to more than 2500 euros for puppies from exceptional lines and intended for dog shows.

    regardless of the country, price differences from one individual to another may be due to the reputation of the breed, to the more or less prestigious ancestry of the puppy, as well as its intrinsic characteristics, starting with its proximity to the standard. It also, This last point explains why price differences can be observed within the same litter..

    Characteristics "Labrador Retriever"

    Coexistence is important that you have with your new friend. Before considering the acquisition of a dog of the breed "Labrador Retriever" you know certain factors. Not all breeds of dogs are apt to live in an apartment, you must take into account his character, their need for exercise, their interaction with other pets, their care and if you have small children, their level of tolerance towards them.

    Adaptation โ“˜

    2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    friendly dog โ€‹โ€‹โ“˜

    5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    hair loss โ“˜

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Affection level โ“˜

    5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Need for exercise โ“˜

    5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Social need โ“˜

    5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Home โ“˜

    4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Toilet โ“˜

    2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Friendly with strangers โ“˜

    5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    barking โ“˜

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Health โ“˜

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Territorial โ“˜

    2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Cat friendly โ“˜

    4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Intelligence โ“˜

    4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Versatility โ“˜

    4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Child friendly โ“˜

    5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Surveillance โ“˜

    1,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    joy โ“˜

    5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    ยซLabrador Retrieverยป images

    Videos ยซLabrador Retrieverยป

    Type and recognitions:

    • FCI CLASSIFICATION:
    • Group :
    • Section : . .

    Federations:

    • – FCI – Group 8: Retrievers - Flushing Dogs - Water Dogs – Section 1: Retrievers โ“˜
    • – AKC – Sporting โ“˜
    • – ANKC – Group 3 (Gundogs) โ“˜
    • – CKC – Sporting Dogs โ“˜
    • – โ€‹KC – Gundog โ“˜
    • – NZKC – Gundog โ“˜
    • – UKC – Gun Dogs โ“˜

    FCI breed standard "Labrador Retriever"

    Origin:
    Canada, United Kingdom

    Date of publication of the valid original standard:
    13.10.2010

    Use:

    Hunting retriever.



    General appearance:

    Strongly built dog, short and very active kidney region; has a broad skull, broad and deep chest and ribs; the renal region and the hindlimbs are broad and strong.



    Behavior / temperament:

    Dog that has a good temperament and is very agile. Has an excellent sense of smell and charges delicately; he is very fond of water. It is an adaptable animal and a devoted companion. Intelligent, lively and docile, with a strong will to please. Affable character, without any signs of inappropriate aggressiveness or shyness.

    Head:

    ---

    Cranial region:
    • Skull: Large, sharp, without presenting fleshy cheekbones.
    • Depression links (Stop): Defined.

    facial region:

    • Truffle: Wide, with well developed nostrils.
    • Snout: Powerful, but not sharp.
    • Jaws/Teeth: Jaws of medium length; strong jaws and teeth with perfect, regular and complete scissor bite, that is to say that the inner side of the upper incisors is in close contact with the external surface of the lower incisors, and well positioned in the jaws.

    Eyes: Medium in size that express intelligence and good temperament; chestnut or hazelnut.

    Ears: Ears neither long nor thick; must hang close to the head and have an insert well back.

    Neck:

    crisp, robust, powerful, placed on well-placed shoulders.

    Body:

    • Back: Level.
    • Pork loin: Large, short and strong.
    • Breast : Good breadth and depth; ribs well sprung and stocked.

    Tail:

    The tail, a distinctive feature of the breed, is very thick at the base and gradually tapers towards the tip; medium size and no fringes, but it must be well covered completely with short hair, thick and dense, which gives it the ยซ round ยป appearance described as an ยซ Otter ยป tail. Can be happily carried, but not curled on the back.

    Tips

    Former members

    The forelimbs have good bone and, viewed from the front or side, should appear straight from the elbows to the ground.

    • Shoulder: Long sloping scapulae.

    Later members

    well developed, rump not inclined towards the root of the tail.

    • Femoro-tibio-patellar joints (knees): Well angulated.
    • Hocks: Well descended. Cow hocks are highly undesirable.

    Pies

    Round, compact, with well arched toes and well developed pads.

    Movement:

    Easy movement and enough ground cover; the front and rear extremities move in planes parallel to the axis of the body.

    Mantle

    Fur: The hair is a distinctive characteristic of the breed; and should be short and dense with no ripples or fringes; to the touch it should give the feeling of being quite hard. Has a waterproof undercoat layer.

    Color: Totally black, yellow or liver/chocolate. The yellow color varies from light cream to fox red. A small white spot on the chest is allowed.



    Size and weight:

    Ideal height at the withers

    • Males: 56-57 cm..
    • females: 54-56 cm..


    Fouls:

    Any deviation from the aforementioned criteria is considered as a fault and the severity of this is considered to the degree of the deviation to the standard and its consequences on the health and well-being of the dog., and the dog's ability to perform its traditional task.

    FALTAS DESCALIFICANTES:

    โ€ข Aggressiveness or extreme shyness.
    โ€ข Any dog โ€‹โ€‹showing clear signs of physical or behavioral abnormalities.



    N.B.:

    โ€ข Males must have two normal-appearing testicles fully descended into the scrotum..
    โ€ข Only functionally and clinically healthy dogs, with the typical conformation of the breed, should be used for parenting.

    Source: F.C.I - International Cynological Federation

    Alternative names:

    1. Lab, Labrador (English).
    2. Labrador retriever, Labrador (French).
    3. Labrador (German).
    4. Retriever do Labrador, Labrador, Lab (Portuguese).
    5. Lab, Cobrador de Labrador, Perdiguero de Labrador, Labrador (espaรฑol).

    โ–ท The world of Pets: Dogs, cats, birds, reptiles, amphibians

    English Springer Spaniel
    Inglaterra FCI 125 . Flushing Dogs

    The English Springer Spaniel it is the oldest of all British hunting dogs.

    Content

    History

    The English Springer Spaniel is a distant descendant of dogs Spaniel type who arrived from Spain to the British Isles more than 1.500 years.

    Already in 1576, the Dr. John Caius described the descendants of these dogs from the Iberian Peninsula in his Treaty of English Dogs, but it wasn't until 1801 and Cynographia Britannica de Sydenham Edwards, naturalist and illustrator, when a distinction was made between Cockers smaller and Springers Taller.

    But, litters used to be a mix of both types, and the difference in names was simply based on the size. Both types were used to hunt game birds; his job was to detect and flush out the animal, which was then caught in a net, shot with a bow or, sometimes, captured by a specially trained hawk. The current names of the breeds derive from these hunts.: the Cockers excelled in hunting woodcock, While the English Springer Spaniel excelled at finding, make the game birds fly and collect the prey for the armed hunter.

    In the 19th century, breeders began to select dogs, so that the lines of dogs differed from region to region. The most imposing dogs were found in the region of Norfolk and they took the name of Norfolk Spaniel about 1850. This was the name by which all the greats were shown Spaniels at dog shows.

    This changed in 1902, When the Kennel Club (KC), Britain's leading organization, recognized the English Springer Spaniel as an independent race. It was given its own standard, very different from other similar looking dogs, and the breeding program became stricter.

    Only eight years later, in 1910, the breed was recognized by the American Kennel Club (AKC). The reputation of the breed grew considerably in North America from the decade of 1920. In 1932, was recognized by the United Kennel Club (UKC), the other leading organization in the United States. The Fรฉdรฉration Cynologique Internationale (FCI) followed him in 1954. In the news, the English Springer Spaniel is accepted by all major canine organizations, including Canadian Kennel Club (CKC).

    With a little less than 10.000 registrations per year in the CKC, the English Springer Spaniel is still one of the 10 Britain's most popular dog breeds. But, has been in decline since the early 1990s 2010, when they were almost born 13.000 each year.

    The trend is much more stable in France, where some 1.700 births in the Livre des Origines Franรงais (LOF) since the early years of the 21st century. This figure had previously doubled in just a decade., since at the beginning of the years 90 it was rather around the 800, and even below 500 in the early 80.

    The same stability is found in the United States, where it has fluctuated, at least since the beginning of the 21st century, between the post 25 and the 30 AKC Breed Classification, based on the number of annual registrations in the organization. The UKC also produces a classification based on the number of births reported to it, in which it is among the 20 first.

    Photo: An eight year-old, male, liver and white English Springer Spaniel named by Xandercary, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons

    Physical characteristics

    The English Springer Spaniel has a compact and harmonious appearance. But, there is a real difference in morphology between individuals in lines destined for dog shows and those whose specialty is hunting and field trials: the former are much more massive than the latter

    In both cases, the English Springer Spaniel he is tall on legs, so much so that it is the tallest of the Spaniels of British origin. Her body, slightly rectangular, muscular and symmetrical, exudes power and agility. The legs are muscular and of solid bones, and end in round, compact legs.

    The tail has fringes, it is short and very mobile. It has long been docked to avoid hunting accidents, but now docking is prohibited in most countries.

    The head of the English Springer Spaniel it is quite wide, with a well-proportioned muzzle and well-developed nostrils. The eyes are medium in size, almendrada form, with a lively and soft expression. They must be dark hazel in color, but a light color is also possible, although it is considered a fault. The ears are long, wide and lobed. They fall back along the head and have attractive fringes.

    The undercoat is short, smooth and dense, while the top layer is longer, smooth and closed. The set is made to withstand inclement weather, but it also protects you from the various thorns and twigs that could hurt you in the undergrowth. The individuals of the working lines, however, generally have shorter hair than those of the beauty lines.-

    His fur is black and white or liver and white, and may have tan markings. Also in this case there is a certain divergence between show dogs and those intended to be pets or hunting dogs., since the fur of the former has more marked colors.

    Last, sexual dimorphism is not very marked in this breed: males are only slightly larger and heavier than females.

    Size and weight
      ▷ Male size: 48 – 51 cm.
      ▷ female size: 48 – 49 cm.
      ▷ Male weight: 18 – 22 kg
      ▷ female weight: 18 – 19 kg

    Varieties:

    From the age 40, the breeders of English Springer Spaniel have tended to distinguish between lines intended for dog shows and those intended for hunting or company.

    In effect, when it became apparent that the individuals who stood out on beauty pageant podiums and those who won job tests were never the same, this led some breeders to specialize, selecting their players either for their aesthetics or for their physical abilities.

    In fact, individuals destined for podiums are generally more massive, have stronger colors and less need to strain. But, no official organization considers them a variety in their own right: no standard distinguishes between show dogs and working dogs.

    Character and skills

    The English Springer Spaniel he is incredibly sociable, open and loving. They love the company of humans in general, and his family in particular. If left alone for a long time, may suffer from separation anxiety, which can lead to destructive behavior and incessant barking.

    On the other hand, can express his joy at seeing his master come back urinating on the carpet. To get rid of this bad habit, it is necessary to avoid that the return home is an event. So, it is advisable not to pay immediate attention to the dog, but take a few minutes to take off your shoes, hang up the coat, keep the keys… encouraging you to wait without undue excitement.

    If you bark when a person approaches, generally it is less to warn him than to invite him to come and pet him and play with him. So, can play the role of a warning dog, because he is listened to in every visit, but certainly not that of a guard dog that drives malicious people back. Welcomes both adults and children, with which you can spend hours running and playing in the garden. But, it is important to remember that, regardless of race, a dog should never be left alone with a small child, even though i have known him for years; all interactions must be under adult supervision.

    His sociable character also extends to his fellow men, although some signs of aggressiveness may appear, especially between individuals of the same sex. Living with cats and rodents is also usually without problems, but the same cannot be said for birds. Anyone who adopts this dog while keeping chickens or ducks in the garden will quickly understand why his hunting skills are unanimously recognized.…

    To feel good and show the full range of your interpersonal skills, the English Springer Spaniel need to be able to exercise. One hour of intense physical exercise (footing, games…) is necessary for your well-being, and appreciates taking long walks of several hours from time to time. It is, because, from a perfectly adapted companion for a person who wants to regularly take their dog for a walk. On the other hand, your outings in an urban environment should always be done on a leash, to prevent him from rushing after all the pigeons and birds he finds. During long walks in nature, it is better to let it evolve freely so that it can fully enjoy, but then it is wise to equip him with a GPS collar to be able to locate him at any time, for example if you wander off in search of woodcocks or other game.

    Although they have a reputation for being less active, dogs on show lines should also exercise for a minimum of one hour a day.

    As long as its owner is active and takes it out enough, can live in an apartment, even if it is not ideal for him: you better have access to a garden. You better have access to a garden, but this must be well fenced to prevent it from escaping if it sees birds or follows a friendly passerby who gives it a treat. In any case, you shouldn't spend most of your time alone in the garden: its place is inside, with his family.
    It also, physical exercise is not enough for it to be balanced: you also have to stimulate it mentally, especially because he is very intelligent and has a desire to learn just as great. If these qualities are not stimulated, you are likely to get bored, and then he can find something to do biting his master's shoes, throwing things or digging in the garden.

    Dog sports are a great way to keep your dog engaged both physically and mentally. Any activity works, but they are especially good at obedience competitions, track and search.

    Last, although some individuals never give voice to their dogs, the English Springer Spaniel tends to bark quite frequently. They do it to signal the approach of a person or to greet him, to warn of boredom or simply to attract attention. If this trend is not stopped at an early age, can cause problems with neighbors.

    Education

    Like any dog, the English Springer Spaniel must be socialized from the first weeks of life. If you don't have the opportunity to meet different people, to meet other animals and to face all kinds of situations, runs the risk of becoming shy or, on the other hand, to develop some aggressiveness.

    It is also necessary to get used to walking on a leash as soon as possible, as well as teaching him not to bark untimely. If their masters are absent often or for a long time, they should also help you understand that you can spend several hours alone without worrying, because his family will always return to him.

    With his above-average intelligence and willingness to do anything to please, the English Springer Spaniel is capable of achieving wonders, even under the guidance of a novice trainer. Like this, beyond the basic teachings, his thirst for learning allows him to assimilate many tricks. But, you have to be patient and be constant, as with any dog, and know how to detect when he starts to get bored to stop the session or move on to something else.

    In any case, traditional training methods are not at all suitable for this emotional dog, who has unlimited trust in humans, since they could traumatize him. Better to use positive reinforcement, that allows you to learn while having fun and takes advantage of your natural sociability.

    Health

    The English Springer Spaniel is generally quite robust and has a good life expectancy, to the point that many representatives of the breed reach the 15 years.

    Originally from Great Britain, the English Springer Spaniel has a waterproof coat that is not affected by the weather. Their undercoat is more or less dense depending on the climate of the region in which they live., and are equally resistant to cold and heat. But, they do not like extremes and should be able to shelter in the shade when it is hot, and have a cozy place to stay when the temperature drops.

    Given its popularity around the world for more than a century, no wonder so many different diseases have been recorded in this dog. The most frequent problems are :

    • The Hip Dysplasia, a malformation in the joint that is usually inherited and can cause locomotor difficulties. Genetic testing can greatly reduce risk;
    • Patellar luxation (or dislocation of the patella), when the kneecap moves out of position, causing a limp. It can be congenital or occur after an impact;
    • Progressive retinal atrophy, leading to retinal degeneration and total loss of vision. This disease appears to be increasing in the breed's population, although it is still rare;
    • The retinal dysplasia, a congenital malformation of the retina that, In most cases, does not affect vision;
    • The entropion, when the eyelid folds over the eye and causes irritation. This problem can be corrected by a simple surgical intervention.;
    • Phosphofructokinase deficiency, an enzyme responsible for the assimilation of glucose in the blood, that usually has no consequences and is often undetected. But, in severe cases, can lead to muscle loss, fever and hyperventilation;
    • Skin problems, either hereditary or due to an allergy.

    Other rare diseases have been reported in some individuals, like autoimmune diseases, the fucosidosis canina and the very rare and surprising rabies syndrome (not to be confused with rabies disease), when a peaceful dog is suddenly overcome by an attack of hyperagression for no apparent reason.

    It also, dogs used for hunting are more prone to accidents, lesions and parasites than other dogs.

    But, do not be fooled by the long list of diseases that can affect a English Springer Spaniel, most of which are very rare. A study conducted by the Kennel Club and the British Small Animal Veterinary Association in 2004 about almost 100 breed deaths showed that the main causes of death in this breed are various forms of cancer and advanced age.

    In any case, adopt from a breeder of English Springer Spaniel serious and responsible maximizes the chances of getting a healthy puppy, above all thanks to the tests that the animal or its parents will continue to carry out to ensure the absence of congenital or hereditary diseases -or susceptible to being so- like dysplasia, for example. The professional must also provide a certificate from a veterinarian who has examined the puppy and certifies that it is in good health., as well as the data of the administered vaccines, registered in your health or vaccination card.

    But, There is no use adopting a healthy puppy if you do not do what is necessary to keep it healthy, especially through appropriate preventive actions. One of the points to pay more attention in this matter is your ears: like any dog รขโ‚ฌโ€นรขโ‚ฌโ€นwith hanging ears, has a higher risk of infections at this level.

    Regular vet visits are another essential part of prevention. They should be scheduled at least once a year to detect the beginnings of a potential health problem and to make sure your dog is up to date on his vaccinations.

    Life expectancy

    Of 12 to 14 years

    Grooming

    The maintenance of the coat of the English Springer Spaniel is simple, but it takes some effort. In fact, molts throughout the year, and it should be brushed once or twice a week to keep its coat in good condition. During spring and fall molts, it is even necessary to brush it daily to remove excess dead hair.

    It also, as his fur is quite tight, does not hesitate to get into the puddles, so it can be useful to bathe him after a hunting trip or a particularly muddy trip to the forest, to prevent it from getting dirty and / or smells bad. Then you have to be careful to use a mild shampoo specifically designed for dogs., at the risk of damaging your skin.

    In general, It is also strongly recommended that you get into the habit of thoroughly inspecting your dog every time you spend long hours outdoors, either during a hunting day or a long excursion. This allows any injury to be detected immediately, spoilage or parasites, and act accordingly.

    It also, although he doesn't really tend to drool, not a very clean diner, mostly because it turns out that her long ears get soaked in her bowl. So, it is advisable to get in the habit of wiping your face with a towel after every meal.

    Your floppy ears deserve special attention, since this morphological characteristic makes moisture and dirt easily accumulate in them, with an increased risk of infection. So, should be examined and washed at least once a week.

    Take advantage to check that the eyes are clean, and clean them with a damp cloth if they are not.

    Your weekly maintenance session is also an opportunity to brush your teeth, to prevent the formation of dental plaque. Plaque can cause bad breath, tooth decay and other oral diseases. Ideally, do it more often..

    Last, even if your activity level makes natural wear and tear is enough to file your nails, it is advisable to take a look at them every 4 or 6 weeks to make sure they're not too long. Yes they are, could get in the way of walking, or even break and hurt you, so they need to be trimmed manually with a dog nail clipper. The first time, it may be a good idea to do this under the eye of a vet or groomer to make sure you are doing it right.

    Utility

    The English Springer Spaniel was developed for hunting, especially birds (mainly the woodcock), and it must be admitted that he continues to excel in the location and the fright of the hunt, and then return it to the hunter once he has killed it. They are still used for hunting around the world, tracking both small game birds and small game animals.

    They are also excellent companion dogs., loyal and loving, suitable for a home active enough to satisfy your need for plenty of exercise.

    His propensity to bark also makes him a good alert dog.. But, as it does more to welcome intruders (or even to be happy if they give him some goodies) that to repel them, he's a poor guard dog.

    When not used for hunting, physical and mental qualities of English Springer Spaniel can be admired at dog sports competitions. They tend to excel in disciplines such as flyball, obedience, agility, crawl and crawl.

    They have long been used in law enforcement and the military, and are currently used in Great Britain, United States, Canada, Sweden and Finland. In fact, his excellent sense of smell makes him a very good dog at detecting explosives, drugs, but also illegal immigrants at the borders.

    It is also common to find them as rescue dogs and search for accident victims., either in the mountains or in urban areas.

    Last, his closeness to humans and his sociable nature also make him a very good therapy dog, sometimes found in hospitals and nursing homes.

    Price "English Springer Spaniel"

    The price of a puppy English Springer Spaniel is of some 800 EUR, without much difference in price between males and females. This average hides a range of values รขโ‚ฌโ€นรขโ‚ฌโ€นthat go from about 500 euros for dogs with characteristics that are far from the standard, up to approximately double for those with prestigious ancestry and intended for dog shows.

    The price varies depending on the reputation of the breeder, the prestige of the lineage from which the animal comes, but also and above all its intrinsic physical characteristics.

    Characteristics "English Springer Spaniel"

    Coexistence is important that you have with your new friend. Before considering the acquisition of a dog of the breed "English Springer Spaniel" you know certain factors. Not all breeds of dogs are apt to live in an apartment, you must take into account his character, their need for exercise, their interaction with other pets, their care and if you have small children, their level of tolerance towards them.

    Adaptation โ“˜

    5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    friendly dog โ€‹โ€‹โ“˜

    5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    hair loss โ“˜

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Affection level โ“˜

    5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Need for exercise โ“˜

    4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Social need โ“˜

    4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Home โ“˜

    5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Toilet โ“˜

    4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Friendly with strangers โ“˜

    5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    barking โ“˜

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Health โ“˜

    4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Territorial โ“˜

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Cat friendly โ“˜

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Intelligence โ“˜

    5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Versatility โ“˜

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Child friendly โ“˜

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Surveillance โ“˜

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    joy โ“˜

    5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Images "English Springer Spaniel"

    Photos:

    1 – English Springer Spaniel by Heinz Hรถfling, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons
    2 – Coffee, English-Springer-Spaniel, 8 Months by photo taken by Heinz Hรถfling [User:Hhoefling], CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons
    3 – A black English Springer Spaniel named Oliver. by racermd5, CC BY 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons
    4 – English Springer Spaniel by https://pixabay.com/de/photos/hund-englisch-springer-spaniel-317039/
    5 – Mimi, English Springer Spaniel by Pedro Lopez
    6 – Tallinn, Estonia, duo CACIB 2013 August 17-18 by Thomas, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons

    Videos "English Springer Spaniel"

    Type and recognitions:

    • FCI CLASSIFICATION:
    • Group 8: Hunting Retriever Dogs. Hunting Lifting Dogs. Water dogs.
    • Section 2: Flushing Dogs. With working trial.

    Federations:

    • – FCI – Group 8: Retrievers - Flushing Dogs - Water Dogs – Section 2: Retrievers โ“˜
    • – AKC – Sporting โ“˜
    • – ANKC – Group 3 (Gundogs) โ“˜
    • – CKC – Sporting Dogs โ“˜
    • – โ€‹KC – Gundog โ“˜
    • – NZKC – Gundog โ“˜
    • – UKC – Gun Dogs โ“˜

    FCI breed standard "English Springer Spaniel"

    Origin:
    United Kingdom, England

    Date of publication of the valid original standard:
    28.07.2009.

    Use:

    Hunting retriever and lifting dog.



    General appearance:

    Symmetrical figure dog, compact, strong, happy and active. It is the longest in limb and the slimmest of all land British Spaniels.



    Behavior / temperament:

    dog friendly, cheerful and docile in spirit. Shyness and aggressiveness are highly undesirable.

    Head:

    ---

    Cranial region:
    • Skull: Medium-sized, quite wide, slightly rounded and rises from the forehead, forming a ridge or stop; it is divided between the eyes by a groove that disappears along the forehead towards the occiput that should not be pronounced.

    facial region:

    • Truffle: Well developed nose.
    • Snout: Its length must be in proportion to the skull; the muzzle should be quite wide and deep, well molded under the eyes.
    • Lips: Pretty deep and square.
    • Jaws / Teeth: Strong jaws with a regular and full scissor bite, that is to say that the inner side of the upper incisors is in close contact with the external surface of the lower incisors, the teeth being placed vertically in the jaws.
    • Cheeks: Flat.
    • Eyes: Medium-sized, macaroons, Neither prominent nor sunken, well placed (that do not show the ocular mucosa), of lively and kind expression. Dark hazelnut color. Light eyes are undesirable.
    • Ears: Lobulares, of good length and width, hanging fairly close to the head and inserting at the level of the eye line. Well endowed with long feather hair.

    Neck:

    Long, strong and muscular, without jowl. It should be slightly arched and taper towards the head.

    Body:

    Strong, neither too long nor too short.

    • Pork loin: Muscular, vigorous, slightly arched and well attached.
    • Breast : Deep and well developed chest. The ribs are well sprung.

    Tail:

    Previously the custom was to amputate the tail.
    • amputee: Low insertion, never with his bearing on the top line. With good fringe and cheerful in action.
    • Without amputating: Low insertion, never with his bearing on the top line. With good fringe and cheerful in action. In balance with the rest of the dog.


    Tips

    Former members:
    • General appearance: The forelimbs are straight and of good bones..
    • Shoulder: Well placed back.
    • Elbow: Well positioned close to the body.
    • Metacarpus: Strong, flexible.
    • Previous feet: Tight, compact and well round, with thick and strong pads.
    Later members:
    • General appearance: They must be well lowered.
    • Thighs: Widths, muscular and well developed.
    • Femoro-tibio-patellar joints (knee) and hocks: Moderately angled. Coarse hocks are undesirable.
    • Hind feet: Tight, compact and well round, with thick and strong pads.

    Movement:

    It has a strictly own movement. The forelimbs should extend forward from the shoulders, taking a long step, smooth and effortless. Hocks moving well under body, following the line of previous members. In slow motion it can ambulate, typical gait of this breed.

    Mantle

    • Fur: Denso, straight and weather resistant, never thick. The ears, forelimbs and hindquarters and body covered with moderately long feather hair.
    • Color: Liver and white, black and white, or either of these two colors with fire spots.


    Size and weight:

    51 cm. (20 inches).



    Fouls:

    Any deviation from the aforementioned criteria is considered as a fault and the severity of this is considered to the degree of the deviation to the standard and its consequences on the health and well-being of the dog., and the ability of the dog to carry out their traditional work.

    disqualifying fouls:

    โ€ข Aggressiveness or extreme shyness.
    โ€ข Any dog โ€‹โ€‹showing clear signs of physical or behavioral abnormalities.



    N.B.:

    โ€ข Males must have two normal-appearing testicles fully descended into the scrotum..
    โ€ข Only functionally and clinically healthy dogs, with the typical conformation of the breed, should be used for parenting.

    The latest changes are in bold

    Source: F.C.I - International Cynological Federation

    Alternative names:

    1. Springer Spaniel (English).
    2. English Springer Spaniel (French).
    3. English Springer Spaniel (German).
    4. (em inglรชs: English Springer Spaniel) (Portuguese).
    5. (en inglรฉs English Springer Spaniel) (espaรฑol).

    โ–ท The world of Pets: Dogs, cats, birds, reptiles, amphibians

    Curly-coated Retriever
    Inglaterra FCI 110 . Retrievers

    Retriever de Pelo Rizado

    The Curly-coated Retriever Unlike the other "Hunting Retriever Dogs" it is a very good guardian.

    Content

    History

    The Curly-coated Retriever It has existed since the late 18th century and is originally from the United Kingdom. It is the oldest Retriever type breed, and it is even believed that the first dog was used as a hunting dog.

    Its exact origins are unclear., but he is believed to have many ancestors, as the Wetterhoun, the Irish Water Spaniel, the Newfoundland, the Barbet and races already extinct, as the "St. John's Newfoundland", the "Old English Water Spaniel", the โ€œGreat Rough Spanielโ€, the "Tweed Spaniel", the "English water spaniel" of the 16th century, the "Setter Retriever" and the "Lesser Newfoundland". The curly hairs on his coat are the subject of debate among specialists: some say they are due to crossing with Poodle during the 19th century, while others argue that it owes them to Irish Water Spaniel o al Wetterhoun, and that Poodle it only improved the curls.

    Bred to hunt birds, especially pheasants, quail and grouse, the Curly-coated Retriever could retrieve its prey from water or tall grass with great ease. They were highly prized by game rangers, who considered them perfect companions, and by Roma nomads, those who helped track the hunt. His great courage and sense of perseverance were highly appreciated and useful during hunting parties..

    His first official appearance at a dog show was in 1860 in Birmingham (United Kingdom). Originally, the Curly-coated Retriever and the Flat-Coated Retriever were exhibited together as one dog. But, it soon became more and more common to display them separately, that is to say, as different races.

    The Curly-coated Retriever reached their peak in the mid-19th century. They were highly prized by hunters and were even shipped in large numbers to New Zealand. (in 1889) and to Australia, especially to the areas near the Murray River, to carry out the same missions that were entrusted to them in the United Kingdom, but also sometimes to hunt kangaroos. Here, too, he did not fail to demonstrate his great courage and his formidable hunting skills.. But, The Strong> Curly Hair Coat of these territories were raised in a slightly different way than those of Europe, since breeders were looking for a finer morphology. Between the years 50 and 60, Australian breeders imported Darelyn Aristocrat, Sarona Simon, Banworth Simon, Banwort Athene y Pegasus, dogs that have been of great importance in the evolution of the breed, since they are still in the family tree of most of their local representatives.

    In Europe, the breed was one of the first to be recognized by the Kennel Club (KC), which remains today the reference canine organization in the United Kingdom, after its creation in 1873. But, early twentieth century, the breed's popularity declined quite quickly, largely due to the arrival of the Labrador Retriever, that many hunters began to prefer. The conflicts of the first half of the 20th century did not help. After World War I, there were only a handful of people registered. Work was done to increase the number of registered hunters, but WWII soon ruined these efforts.

    The Curly-coated Retriever arrived in the United States in 1907 hailing from the UK and the breed was recognized by the American Kennel Club (AKC) in 1924. But, remained quite rare in America, at least until the end of the decade 1960, when many specimens were imported from Australia, England and New Zealand, where the brood was most developed. The breed was accepted in 1960 by the United Kennel Club (UKC), the other reference canine organization in the country. But, until 1979 no breed club was created, the ยซCurly-Coated Club of Americaยป, which highlights the relative lack of interest in race. But the breed remained rare in this territory, and it still is today. The same is true in Canada, where it was introduced shortly after.

    It was also accepted by the Fรฉdรฉration Cynologique Internationale (FCI) in 1954.

    In the news, the Curly-coated Retriever It is the least represented breed of "Hunting Retriever Dogs" in the world.. Its total population is estimated at about 5.000 individuals, of which approximately 2.000 are in the United States. Occupies the position 160 (of something less than 200) in the breed classification established by the AKC based on the number of annual registrations in the organization.

    In the United Kingdom, the KC records about 70 births per year. The exact figure sometimes varies significantly from year to year., but the trend has remained stable throughout 2010.

    Less than in Australia, which is one of the countries with the largest contingent of representatives of the breed, since there he is still especially appreciated for his hunting skills. Since the middle of the first decade of the 21st century, a hundred dogs are registered each year in the Australian National Kennel Council (ANKC), the reference body of the country. But, This represents a decrease with respect to the figures observed since the mid-1990s. 1980 until the dawn of the new millennium and the beginning of the decade of 1990, when there were some 150 births per year, and even more than 200 in some years.

    In France, the Curly-coated Retriever still very weird: since the years 90, with some exceptions, barely more than 10 copies per year in the Livre des Origines Franรงais (LOF).

    Physical characteristics

    Sometimes confused with the "Labradoodle." (mix of Labrador Retriever and Poodle), the Curly-coated Retriever stands out above all for its fur decorated with many small curls. They are solid, always upright and with a body slightly longer than tall. Chest is deep, deep and deep, reaching to the elbows. Its upper line is very horizontal, their loins are short but strong. The neck is of medium length and opens to muscular, sloping shoulders.

    The tail is a harmonious extension of the topline., that reaches the hocks. In general, carried straight and horizontal.

    The front legs are straight, well placed under the body, and the rear ones are muscular. The legs are rounded and have webbed toes, which contributes to being an excellent swimmer.

    The head is quite angular and has a skull the same length as the muzzle. The nose is the same color as the fur, that is to say, black or liver. The eyes are large and oval in shape. They are dark brown in black-coated dogs and any shade of brown in liver-coated dogs.. The ears are drooping and quite small.: reach a little above the eyes. The jaw is powerful and scissor-shaped., but no less delicate for that: this allows it to return its prey to the hunter without damaging its skin.

    The coat of the Curly-coated Retriever is your brand. Has a black or brown fur (liver) solid formed by small curls that remain glued to the skin and cover the body from head to tail, although sometimes they are somewhat looser in the ears. The hair has a fairly soft texture but is very resistant, and provides excellent protection against water, the climate and vegetation. They are usually a little longer in the ears, the belly, the thighs, feet and legs. During the exhibitions, the hair on the tail is usually trimmed for purely aesthetic reasons. Last, does not have undercoat. On the other hand, their fur is usually somewhat oily, making you more likely to cause reactions in people with dog allergies.

    Last, the breed is characterized by a fairly marked sexual dimorphism: not content with being bigger than female, the male is also noticeably more massive, with a much more developed musculature.

    Size and weight

      ▷ Male size: Of 67 to 70 cm.
      ▷ Female size From 62 to 64 cm.
      ▷ Male Weight From 31 to 36 kg
      ▷ Female Weight From 31 to 36 kg

    Varieties

    Murray River Curly Coated Retriever
    Murray River Curly Coated Retriever

    Since the 19th century there has been a smaller version of the Curly-coated Retriever, call ยซMurray River Curly-Coated Retrieverยป, but it is not recognized by canine organizations, incluido el Australian National Kennel Council (ANKC) from his native Australia.

    Not all breeders of Curly-coated Retriever they have the same opinion: some consider him a distinct breed, while others see it simply as a variety of this type of "Hunting Retriever Dogs.". But, DNA tests performed on 2010 they showed that the ยซMurray River Curly-Coated Retrieverยป is closer to Spaniels than Retrievers. In fact, is the result of the crosses between these two types of dogs: the American Water Spaniel, the Irish Water Spaniel, the "English Springer Spaniel", the Chesapeake Bay Retriever and the Curly-coated Retriever.

    Character and skills

    The Curly-coated Retriever he is extremely endearing and is very attached to his family, to which he is very attached: wants to literally follow them everywhere from morning to night, without enjoying more than sharing their various activities.

    Very playful regardless of age, gets along especially well with children, who are excellent playmates for him, and vice versa: they can spend hours together enjoying themselves in a happy and jovial atmosphere. He especially likes to search for and retrieve objects such as a ball, often to the delight of the little ones. So, it is clearly a recommended dog for children, but keep in mind that a dog should never be left with a small child without adult supervision. This is true for all races, but it is even more so with an animal of such size, since it is easy to push or even run over it by accident.

    Although it is less demanding than the Labrador Retriever or the Smooth-haired Retriever, the Curly-coated Retriever need a good dose of daily physical activity. His owners must be able to allow him to exercise for at least one hour each day.

    This can be done, of course, taking walks and playing with the children, but also, for example, practicing various sports for which it is especially indicated, like agility, the flyball or the discdog. The ob-rythmรฉe allows you to show the quality of your education, and reinforce it at the same time.

    It also, if a lake is found on the road during a walk, no hesitation in letting yourself take a dip in it: the Curly-coated Retriever feels like all Retrievers an undisguised pleasure to evolve in the water, and he is an excellent swimming dog.

    In short, the need to exercise Curly-coated Retriever it is real, but it is not excessive, what makes it perfectly compatible, for example, with active retired people, who love to go for walks and find ways to let her get enough steam out each day if walks alone aren't enough.

    This is especially true if they have, for example, a large garden in which you can run as you please. A house with a garden is also the best environment for a Curly-coated Retriever, since he likes to move outdoors. Thus, not really suitable for apartment living.

    But, its place is not a niche at the bottom of a garden or in a park: the attachment to his family makes it difficult for him to bear being so far away from her. Has to evolve by your side, In the House.

    It also, to the Curly-coated Retriever he does not like to be alone. Even though I appreciate dog puzzles, that keep you busy for a while and stimulate you intellectually, gets bored quickly in the absence of their masters, and may become noisy or develop destructive behaviors. So, not recommended for an owner who is away most of the day (for example, because of work) and that, therefore, can't spend a lot of time with your pet.

    A solution to avoid loneliness is to have him share his daily life with another dog. He is very friendly and sociable with his companions, and thrives when in contact with them, which makes it an ideal option for a household that already has one or more dogs.

    If you know him from a very young age, can also live very well with a rodent, a bird or a cat. But, there is often a difference between those you don't know and those you live with. Tends to confuse the former with prey, whereas normally there is no possibility of this happening with the seconds. So, despite being sociable with other human beings, Precautions should be taken during the first encounter between a Curly-coated Retriever and a cat, rodent or bird that is unknown to you.

    If he Curly-coated Retriever is able to make his family happy and to integrate wonderfully into it, do not be fooled: Your ride is not like a long calm river. In fact, although at first glance it seems very easy to live with him and he is a close cousin of the Golden Retriever and of the Labrador Retriever, which have a reputation for being "easy" breeds, not as easy to handle as they.

    In fact, sometimes he can be somewhat distant and indifferent to orders. Being very smart, they like to judge what is good for them and what is not, and they are more independent than their cousin the labrador. For this reason, sometimes it's hard to get their attention when you've decided you don't like an exercise, for example.

    It is also a dog that matures slowly, so you have to be patient at first. It also, if used for hunting, it is quite vain to expect me to work before 2 or 3 years, because he is not very efficient during his prolonged period of adolescence. But, knows how to compensate later, showing its great qualities as a working dog: armed with a very strong determination, don't give in until homework is done.

    While waiting for the threshold at which you have reached -finally- Adulthood, what is around 3 years, sustained training is necessary to be obedient, and also to try to make it less destructive. In fact, during all this time, far from being the wisest, since it has a tendency to tip over and, above all, to chew everything in its path. In fact, any fragile or valuable object should be kept out of their reach. Nor should we be surprised to see him walking with slippers or cushions: be destined to inform for centuries, take objects in the mouth and move them (potentially degrading them in the process) it's literally without your genes. At the beginning, it may also be wise to give access to only a few rooms in the house, thus limiting breakage. You should also offer him toys that he can easily damage, to try to direct your attention to objects that are safe. You can also bite the hands of those around you.

    Distrustful of strangers, he is shy at first with the guests, although he verifies that his master welcomes them very positively. On the other hand, when faced with a human being who is obviously unwelcome, he is quite protective and even impressive, and won't stop barking loudly to deter the intruder. It is an excellent watchdog.

    On the other hand, if you are balanced and capable enough to exercise, not especially loud, and only uses his voice to warn of the arrival of a stranger.

    Observations

    The Curly-coated Retriever, It is a rare watch dog and find, both in their country of origin and in the rest of the world.

    A key characteristic in his character, unlike other Retrievers, is that he is usually very reรฑidor with other dogs, and that can that he has hindered its spread…

    Education

    To the Curly-coated Retriever fundamentally loves to learn; once you are motivated, training sessions are a pure pleasure, and progresses exponentially.

    But, this motivation does not come naturally, since he has a tendency to judge for himself the interest of each of the exercises that are proposed to him. If you are not convinced by the day's activity, does not stop letting you know, in particular being ostensibly distant; So, sometimes it's hard to get their attention. You also need variety, so it is necessary to be able to regularly introduce something new to keep it receptive: if the same exercises are always suggested, gets bored quickly and shifts attention to something else. The owner's mood also influences their dog's motivation: a smiling and cheerful attitude makes you much more willing to listen and work. He is also very receptive to positive reinforcement methods., that are based on the use of all kinds of rewards (compliments, candies, petting) to encourage you to give your best.

    You need a teacher who is not only intelligent and enthusiastic, but have some confidence in yourself, capable of instilling in him a good working base and the limits that he should not cross. If that is not the case, your great intelligence can lead you to win the game.

    One of the main trends you should try to address is the puppy's propensity to engage in destructive behavior and, in particular, to bite and nibble everything that is put in the mouth. In principle, this disappears in adulthood, but it may be wise to suppress this type of behavior when caught on the spot, in an attempt to limit the phenomenon. This is especially true when taking it out on family members, with both adults and younger children: may look pretty and harmless when they are still very young, but it can be much more dangerous once they are adults.

    This is especially helpful, since the Curly-coated Retriever takes a while to become an adult, and can be immature to a fairly old age. These may include, some dogs used for hunting are not really trained to go out into the field and be really effective at it until the 3 years of age. So, it is necessary to have some patience and understanding in the first years of life…

    In any case, individuals destined to have sex in water must get used to entering and evolving in water as soon as possible. Usually, this is not a problem, since representatives of this breed are naturally attracted to water points, but they move more easily since they swim in them since they are very young. They must also be taught their future role as hunters and rapporteurs. To the extent that they carry it in their genes, it is not a major difficulty, but you have to teach them to do it under the orders of their owner, so that they do not harm the prey when catching it.

    Last, like any dog, the Curly-coated Retriever must benefit from great socialization work started at a very young age. This is all the more necessary since they often tend to distrust strangers. So, it is necessary to make him know all kinds of humans and other animals (both congeners and representatives of other species), but also expose him to all kinds of stimuli (noises, smells…) and environments. This helps them feel comfortable in any circumstance and prevents negative reactions such as stress., fear or distrust in the face of what is unknown to them. A well socialized puppy lives much better with humans.

    Health

    In general, the Curly-coated Retriever is in good health.

    Besides having an original look, its coat is highly waterproof and protects it from inclement weather and especially low temperatures.

    But, is more exposed to certain potential problems:

    • The Hip Dysplasia, which affects most large dogs and is usually hereditary. The femur does not fit perfectly into the pelvic socket of the hip joint; some individuals show no symptoms, but others suffer pain and lameness. Osteoarthritis can also develop over time as the animal ages;
    • elbow dysplasia, also hereditary and common in large dogs, especially in Retrievers. This developmental abnormality of the elbow affects one or both front legs and causes lameness., often even before the puppy is one year old. Usually requires surgical intervention;
    • Dilatation-torsion of the stomach, a serious syndrome that affects large dogs with deep chests, as the Curly-coated Retriever. The animal dies quickly if a veterinarian is unable to intervene quickly ;
    • The type III glycogenosis, which consists of an excessive accumulation of glycogen in the liver and muscles. Provokes, among other things, weakness, rigidity, exercise intolerance, increased need for sleep and difficulty swallowing. It is incurable and leads to the death of the dog around the 2 years of age;
    • The epilepsy, which is the result of excessive electrical activity in the brain and leads to short and more or less regular seizures. With good veterinary care and the use of appropriate medication, normally does not prevent the animal from leading a normal life ;
    • The alopecia, that is to say, refined and progressive hair loss in various parts of the body, according to different possible patterns. Do not let the dog spend a long time lying on hard and rough surfaces, like concrete, helps limit the problem.

    Like all Retriever-type dogs, the Curly-coated Retriever you also have an increased risk of developing tumors and other cancers. In fact, it is the main cause of death in this breed, long before old age, According to a study carried out jointly in 2004 by the British Kennel Club and the British Small Animal Veterinary Association. More concretely, the most common forms of cancer seen in this breed are :

    • The linfosarcoma, one of the most common cancers of all races. It can appear in various parts of the body, like spleen, the gastrointestinal tract, lymph nodes, the liver and bone marrow. Treatment is by chemotherapy, sometimes in addition to surgery. Referral rates are pretty good;
    • The adenocarcinoma, which is the development of malignant cells most often from the uterus, mammary glands and intestines. Most of the time, these cells spread to the lungs or anus. Surgery is often used to treat this disease.;
    • The fibrosarcoma, a tumor that can affect any part of the body, including bones. surgery is inevitable, and sometimes chemotherapy is required, immunotherapy or radiation therapy. The prognosis for recovery varies greatly from case to case.;
    • The mast cell tumors, which are the most common in the skin of dogs. Most often they form on the legs, around the anus or on the chest, but they can also arise towards the head or neck. Treatment varies from case to case, but usually includes surgery and chemotherapy;
    • The melanoma is a cancer that affects the cells that produce pigments in the skin, called melanocytes. Although most melanomas are found on the skin, They can also develop on the gums, and treatment may require amputation of part of the jaw. Usually treated with surgery and chemotherapy;
    • The hemangiosarcoma, a form of malignant cancer found in the lining of blood vessels and in the spleen. Can be treated with surgery and chemotherapy, but the affected animal is unlikely to recover;
    • The osteosarcoma, a bone cancer that initially causes lameness. Usually entails amputation of the affected leg and heavy chemotherapy. It is very rare to be able to survive this disease, as the problem is often diagnosed too late. Once identified, the affected person may live between 9 months and 2 years longer than if it had not been treated.

    Once identified, an affected dog can live between 9 months and 2 years longer than if it had not been attended.

    Last, the breed is also especially prone to eye problems, as :

    • The entropion, corresponding to a defect that rolls the eyelid inward, causing irritation of the eyeball. Both eyes may be affected or only one; in both cases, surgical intervention can be performed to remedy the problem;
    • The ectropion, a curl defect of the lower eyelid. The lower eyelid then does not perform its function of protecting the eye, which makes you more susceptible to irritation or conjunctivitis. Surgery is used to treat the most severe cases;
    • The distiquiasis, an abnormality in the implantation of eyelashes on the eyelids that can cause irritation of the eye and even the development of corneal ulcers;
    • Persistent pupillary membrane, when the dog's pupillary membrane stays in place, while normally it is supposed to disappear during its first 6 months. The dog's vision is usually slightly affected;
    • The cataract, that can affect one or both eyes and cause partial or total opacity of the same. At the beginning, cataracts cause very little damage to the dog's vision, but they end up causing total blindness when they reach a more advanced stage. Surgery can fix it;
    • Progressive retinal atrophy, a family of incurable eye diseases that cause progressive deterioration of the retina. At the beginning, those affected have difficulty seeing at night, but as the disease progresses, the dog ends up going totally blind;
    • the retinal dysplasia, a malformation of the retina that can cause, in the most serious cases, a detached retina and, Therefore, dog blindness.

    It also, individuals who are engaged in hunting -and, in general, everyone who spends a lot of time outdoors- are more at risk of injury, but also parasites and spikes, that those who are only meant to keep company.

    Last, the Curly-coated Retriever have a significant predisposition to gain weight. So, a certain vigilance is necessary in this matter, since obesity can, just like in humans, cause or aggravate many health problems.

    In view of the large number of hereditary diseases to which the breed is exposed, go to a serious breeder of Curly-coated Retriever it is essential to maximize the chances of adopting a healthy animal free from such defects. In addition to the results of the genetic tests carried out on the parents and / or the puppy, the professional must be able to provide a certificate of good health established by a veterinarian, as well as the data of the administered vaccines, registered in the dog's health or vaccination card.

    From then on, as for any race, the best way to keep you in good health is to invest in prevention. It is especially important that your dog is examined at least once a year by a veterinarian: as well as making sure you are up to date on your vaccinations, This can help you quickly spot a potential problem and remedy it before it becomes too serious..

    Life expectancy

    The life expectancy average of Curly-coated Retriever, is of 14,9 years, Although there are cases of dogs who have lived up 15 or 17 years of age.

    Grooming

    Contrary to what you might think at first glance, the maintenance of the coat of the Curly-coated Retriever it's not especially complicated. A weekly brushing is enough, but special attention should be paid to the hair on the legs, the tail and behind the ears, as it is especially dense and knots easily. In general, they lose very little hair, except during the molting period, in spring and autumn: then it is necessary to increase the frequency of brushing, to avoid finding too much hair all over the house.

    These periods are also a good opportunity to bathe your dog., taking care to use a shampoo specially designed for dogs every time. In general, two bathrooms a year are enough, although, of course, do not hesitate to wash the dog when it is especially dirty. In any case, it is useless to dry it after the bath, since her hair dries very quickly. It also, your curls could be completely denatured.

    As the risk of eye diseases is quite pronounced in the Curly-coated Retriever, your eyes should be maintained carefully and on a regular basis. They should be checked and cleaned with clean water at least once a week.

    His ears are not for less, as his droopy form means he is more prone to developing infections at this level (ear infections, etc.). So, rigorous maintenance also needs to be done every week, to remove any dirt and moisture that may have accumulated. It also, to avoid the latter, it is recommended to dry them systematically every time they come out of the water.

    Your weekly maintenance session is also an opportunity to brush your teeth with a toothpaste designed for cats.. This helps to avoid the formation of tartar and the health problems that it can lead to as much as possible.. Ideally, do it more often than once a week, or even daily.

    Their claws require much less attention, especially in subjects who spend a lot of time outdoors. Natural wear and tear is usually enough to file them. But, it is advisable to remain vigilant and check from time to time that it is not necessary to cut them by hand. This is so as soon as they touch the ground, that is to say, when you hear its rattle on hard surfaces; otherwise, they could not only annoy you, but also break, at the risk of hurting you.

    Regular coat care, the eyes, the ears, teeth and claws should be done delicately, rigor and precision. The first time, don't hesitate to ask a vet or groomer to show you how to do it, to learn the proper gestures. It also, accustoming your dog from a young age allows him to consider these manipulations as something normal, and that these moments take place with tranquility and good humor.

    It also, it helps to take a little time to examine your dog when you return from hunting or spending a lot of time outdoors (especially in a place with a lot of vegetation, like a forest). In addition to a possible injury, this may reveal the presence of spikelets, ticks or other parasites that may have attached to the dog. In fact, they are likely to cause problems in the short to medium term, sometimes serious or even fatal.

    Utility

    The Curly-coated Retriever was originally created and developed as a hunting dog, especially to recover prey -especially birds- from hard-to-reach areas such as ponds and tall grass.
    Today it continues to fulfill this function., and in some countries, like New Zealand, this is its main use.

    But, the most common is to find him as a family companion, since he always gets along very well with children and loves to follow his masters everywhere. But, it should be able to satisfy your need for a lot of exercise, which makes it an excellent option for athletes.

    Very athletic and eager to learn, can excel in many dog รขโ‚ฌโ€นรขโ‚ฌโ€นsports disciplines, starting with agility, the flyball, the discdog, obedience and prescription.

    Your distrust of strangers, its propensity to bark loudly and its size also make it an effective watchdog.

    Price

    The Curly-coated Retriever he is the hardest retriever to find.

    In Europe, it is even a very rare breed of dog, except in your country of origin. There are only a handful of breeders outside the country of origin, and prices usually range from 900 and 1200 EUR. But, sometimes you have to wait a long time on the waiting list…

    One solution may be to look in the UK to adopt a puppy from Curly-coated Retriever, since the offer is much wider. The cost of adopting a puppy from Curly-coated Retriever in the UK it is much higher. The normal cost ranges from 600 and 800 sterling (700 and 900 EUR), plus the cost of paperwork and transportation. It also, in that case, It is advisable to find out about the regulations regarding the importation of a dog from abroad and to respect them.

    whatever the country, the price depends, as for any dog, of brood fame, the prestige of the lineage from which it comes and, of course, its intrinsic characteristics, especially physical.

    Characteristics "Curly-coated Retriever"

    Coexistence is important that you have with your new friend. Before considering the acquisition of a dog of the breed "Curly-coated Retriever" you know certain factors. Not all breeds of dogs are apt to live in an apartment, you must take into account his character, their need for exercise, their interaction with other pets, their care and if you have small children, their level of tolerance towards them.

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    ยซCurly-coated retrieverยป images

    Videos of the โ€œCurly-Coated Retrieverโ€

    Type and recognitions:

    • FCI CLASSIFICATION:
    • Group :
    • Section : . .

    Federations:

    • – FCI – Group 8: Retrievers - Flushing Dogs - Water Dogs – Section 1: Retrievers โ“˜
    • – AKC – Sporting โ“˜
    • – ANKC – Group 3 (Gundogs) โ“˜
    • – CKC – Sporting Dogs โ“˜
    • – โ€‹KC – Gundog โ“˜
    • – NZKC – Gundog โ“˜
    • – UKC – Gun Dogs โ“˜

    FCI breed standard "Curly-coated Retriever"

    Origin:
    United Kingdom, England

    Date of publication of the valid original standard:
    28.07.2009

    Use:

    Hunting retriever.



    General appearance:

    Strong dog, Active, elegant demeanor with distinctive coat.

    IMPORTANT PROPORTIONS: Slightly longer body, measured from tip of shoulder to tip of ischium, that the height at the cross.



    Behavior / temperament:

    Smart dog, balanced, trustworthy, brave, affable character, self-aware and independent. May seem reserved.

    Head:

    View of front and side it has a wedge. Well-proportioned body.

    Cranial region:
    • Skull: Skull and muzzle are of the same length. Top axes of the skull and the muzzle are parallel.
    • Depression links (Stop): Bit strong.

    facial region:

    • Truffle: Black on black copies, brown (liver) in the Brown specimens.
    • Jaws / Teeth: Strong jaws with perfect scissors bite, regular and complete, that is to say that the inner side of the upper incisors is in close contact with the external surface of the lower incisors, the teeth being well placed perpendicularly in the jaws.

    Eyes: Large, No bulging, oval-shaped, in an oblique position. Black in black dogs; in brown dogs (liver) they present a color that blends with the color of the fur.

    Ears: Quite small, insertion just higher than the eye line; well attached to the head and well covered with short curls.

    Neck:

    Strong, slightly arched, moderately long, without jowl; free and loose, He joins harmoniously well oblique shoulders.

    Body:

    • top line: Well sustained, level. The distance between the cross and the insertion of the tail is slightly longer than that between the cross and the soil.
    • Pork loin: Short, vigorous, strong.
    • Breast : Deep well, transverse oval, reaching the elbows; the sill is visible; ribs are snugly and securely extend backwards.
    • Bottom line and belly: Slightly gathered.

    Tail:

    In harmonious extension of the upper line; It should reach approximately the Hock. When is the dog moving, is carried straight at the level of the upper line.

    Tips

    PREVIOUS MEMBERS: Straight, well located beneath the body.

    • Shoulder: Well muscled and oblique.
    • Arms: The scapula and arm are approximately the same length.
    • Metacarpus: Strong.
    • Front feet: Round, compact. Well arched toes

    LATER MEMBERS: Strong and muscular.

    • Stifle-warm-patellar angulation (knee): Moderately angled.
    • Hock: Well descended and layered.
    • Rear feet: Round, compact. Well arched toes.

    Movement:

    Journey without effort, free and energetic, with a good range of the forelimbs and a strong push from the hind limbs. Members move in a parallel plane. As speed increases, the limbs tend to approach the median plane ยซ (single tracking ยป).

    Mantle

    Fur: Fully covered body, from the back of the head to the tip of the tail, for a lot of hair in the form of small firm curls, tight, well glued to the skin and frizzy hair. Without inner layer of hairs and no bald spots. Elsewhere hair smooth.

    COLOR: Black or brown (liver).



    Size and weight:

    Height to the cross:

    • Males: 67,5 cm. (27 inches).
    • females: 62,5 cm. (25 inches).


    Fouls:

    Any deviation from the aforementioned criteria is considered as a fault and the severity of this is considered to the degree of the deviation to the standard and its consequences on the health and well-being of the dog., and the ability of the dog to carry out their traditional work.

    FALTAS DESCALIFICANTES

    • Aggressive or fearful dog.
    • Any dog โ€‹โ€‹showing clear signs of physical or behavioral abnormalities must be disqualified..


    N.B.:

    โ€ข Males must have two normal-appearing testicles fully descended into the scrotum..
    โ€ข Only functionally and clinically healthy dogs, with the typical conformation of the breed, should be used for parenting.

    TRANSLATION: Lic. Oscar Valverde Calvo (Costa Rica) and Jorge Nallem (Uruguay).

    Source: F.C.I - International Cynological Federation

    Alternative names:

    1. Curly (English).
    2. Curly (French).
    3. kraus gelockter Retriever (German).
    4. Curly (Portuguese).
    5. Retriever de pelo rizado, Curly, CCR, (en inglรฉs: Curly Coated Retriever) (espaรฑol).

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    Welsh Springer Spaniel
    Gran Bretaรฑaa Gales- FCI 126 . Flushing Dogs

    Welsh Springer Spaniel

    The Welsh Springer Spaniel tends to be quite shy, and for that reason he needs a good socialization when he is a puppy.

    Content

    History

    Little is known about the origins of Welsh Springer Spaniel, but it is considered a very old breed, whose ancestors date back to Roman Britain. Renaissance tapestries show spaniels that look a lot like today's Welsh Springer; similar red and white Spaniels appear in some 18th century portraits. In the 19th century, dogs were little known, except in the Neath Valley region, in south wales.

    The preponderance of dog shows at the end of the 19th century led to a renewed interest in the breed, who made his appearance at the first Kennel Club show, held in 1873. It was judged alongside the black and white Spaniel and the Welsh Springer Spaniel white. With the time, the two races parted.

    For a long time he was mistaken for the English Cocker Spaniel and was not recognized until 1902.

    It is an ancient race of pure origin, which was used for a time as a herding dog. Thanks to its enormous adaptability, the Welsh Springer Spaniel It is also an excellent companion dog..

    The American Kennel Club recognized the Welsh Springer in 1906, but few people were interested in race. At the end of the Second World War, practically non-existent in the United States, until they were imported 11 copies in 1949. A dozen years later, the Welsh Springer Spaniel Club of America was founded. In the news, the Welsh Springer Spaniel still a well kept secret, since it occupies the position 127 between breeds registered by the AKC, in front of 113 a decade.

    Photo: Welsh Springer Spaniel, Pozlovice by Pavel ล evela, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons

    Physical characteristics

    The Welsh Springer Spaniel differs from his cousin, the English Springer Spaniel, by a flowing red and white coat, a somewhat more relaxed personality and a slightly smaller size that ranges between 15 and 20 Kg.

    With its moderate size, can be a good option for households with children: the Welsh Springer Spaniel not big enough to accidentally harm little ones, and he's not small enough to risk being hurt by overly enthusiastic kids.

    Size and weight

    ▷ Male size: 45 – 48 cm.
    ▷ female size: 43 – 47 cm.
    ▷ Male weight: 15 – 20 kg
    ▷ female weight: 16 – 20 kg

    Character and skills

    The Welsh Springer Spaniel is loving, Intelligent, quick to learn and usually good at remembering what you have learned. Compared to many other Spaniels, he is protector of his family and his property, and prone to barking at anything that catches his eye. The Welsh Springer Spaniel can become very attached to his people, but a second dog can help you give an additional outlet to your affection.

    But, with strangers, tends to be a reserved dog. Does not tend to be shy or unfriendly, but it takes time to get comfortable with new people. Children and other pets see your friendly side, especially when raised with them. But keep in mind that a Welsh Springer Spaniel boisterous may unintentionally knock over a young child, so always supervise play with young children.

    In the countryside, the Welsh Springer Spaniel he is a great worker able to function in any terrain, and is more than happy to be outdoors all day, always staying close to his hunter. Its olfactory ability is excellent and it can hunt any type of game. If you live with a non-hunter family, two or three long walks a day will also satisfy your exercise needs.

    Regarding training, opt for accolades, not by force. Although it may be stubborn, the Welsh Springer Spaniel responds well to constant training and rewards. Plan to start training your puppy the day you bring him home.. It is able to absorb everything you teach it even at seven to eight weeks of age.. One Welsh Springer Spaniel young man will test him to see what he can do, so try to take him to puppy kindergarten class when he has 12 weeks, and socializes, socialice, socialice. But, note that many puppy training classes require that certain vaccinations (such as kennel cough) stay up to date, and many veterinarians recommend limiting exposure to other dogs and public places until puppy vaccinations are complete (including rabies, distemper and parvovirus). Instead of formal training, you can start house training your puppy and socialize with family and friends until puppy vaccinations are completed.

    Health

    The Welsh Springer Spaniel are predisposed to some diseases, such as hip and elbow dysplasia, hypothyroidism and eye diseases such as entropion, glaucoma, progressive retinal atrophy and inherited cataracts.

    Not all of these diseases are detectable in a growing puppy, and it can be difficult to predict whether an animal will be free of these maladies, so you should find a trusted breeder who is committed to raising the healthiest animals possible. You should be able to produce an independent certificate that the dog's parents (and grandparents, etc.) have been screened for these defects and considered healthy for breeding. That's where health records come in..

    Careful breeders screen their dogs for genetic diseases and breed only the best-looking dogs, but sometimes mother nature has other ideas and a puppy can develop one of these diseases. In most cases, can still have a good life, thanks to advances in veterinary medicine. And remember that you have the power to protect your Welsh Springer Spaniel one of the most common health problems: the obesity. Keeping it at a suitable weight is a simple way to extend the life of your pet.

    Life expectancy:

    12 to 15 years.

    Grooming

    The Welsh Springer Spaniel has a smooth, silky coat that needs to be brushed and combed at least twice a week - and every time he returns from hunting- to avoid entanglement. The best tools for this task are a bristle brush and a stainless steel comb.. Brush the fur on the paws, the body and ears with the brush to remove dead hairs and use the comb for the rest of the body. You should also ask your breeder to show you how to do detailed trimming with razor and scissors to achieve a neat look..

    The rest is basic care: Trim nails as needed, usually every one to two weeks. And keep your ears clean and dry, especially if your Welsh Springer Spaniel is a swimmer. Brush teeth frequently with a vet-approved pet toothpaste for overall good health and fresh breath.

    Characteristics "Welsh Springer Spaniel"

    Coexistence is important that you have with your new friend. Before considering the acquisition of a dog of the breed "Welsh Springer Spaniel" you know certain factors. Not all breeds of dogs are apt to live in an apartment, you must take into account his character, their need for exercise, their interaction with other pets, their care and if you have small children, their level of tolerance towards them.

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    Social need โ“˜

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    Home โ“˜

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    Toilet โ“˜

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    Friendly with strangers โ“˜

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    Images "Welsh Springer Spaniel"

    Photos:

    1 – Welsh Springer Spaniel by Siri, CC BY-SA 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons
    2 – Our Welsh Springer Spaniel ยซOne more timeยป (Sassa) from the Trigger kennel in Scania, Suecia by Local_Profile, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons
    3 – Welsh Springer Spaniel by https://pixy.org/161994/
    4 – Welsh Springer Spaniel, with 8 meses by echnoview
    5 – Welsh Springer Spaniel by Siri Spjelkavik, CC BY-SA 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons
    6 – Welsh Springer Spaniel by Wikipedia

    Videos "Welsh Springer Spaniel"

    Type and recognitions:

    • FCI CLASSIFICATION:
    • Group :
    • Section : . .

    Federations:

    • – FCI – Group 8: Retrievers - Flushing Dogs - Water Dogs – Section 2: Retrievers โ“˜
    • – AKC – Sporting โ“˜
    • – ANKC – Group 3 (Gundogs) โ“˜
    • – CKC – Sporting Dogs โ“˜
    • – โ€‹KC – Gundog โ“˜
    • – NZKC – Gundog โ“˜
    • – UKC – Gun Dogs โ“˜

    FCI breed standard "Welsh Springer Spaniel"

    Origin:
    United Kingdom, Wales

    Date of publication of the valid original standard:
    28.07.2009

    Use:

    Hunting dog



    General appearance:

    Symmetrically shaped dog, compact, no patilargo, evidently built to endure and dedicate himself to hard work. He is fast and very active, shows a lot of drive and vigor.



    Behavior / temperament:

    It is a very ancient and unique breed of pure origin. It is a robust dog, cheerful and very active. Affable character, showing no aggression or nervousness.

    Head:

    ---

    Cranial region:
    • Skull: Slightly domed, has a proportionate length; well outlined under the eyes.
    • Depression links (Stop): Well defined

    facial region:

    • Truffle: Flesh to dark color; the windows are well developed.
    • Snout: It has a medium length; it is straight and quite square.
    • Jaws / Teeth: Must have strong jaws, with a scissor bite, perfect, regular and complete, that is to say that the inner side of the upper incisors is in close contact with the external surface of the lower incisors, and the teeth being placed vertically in the jaws.
    • Eyes: Hazelnut or dark, medium-sized, neither prominent nor sunken and must not show the ocular mucosa.
    • Ears: Ears should be set moderately low and hang close to the cheeks. Proportionally small, they gradually taper towards the tips and have a shape somewhat similar to the leaf of the vine..

    Neck:

    Long, muscular, no dewlap and well set on oblique shoulders.

    Body:

    Not long, but strong and muscular. The length of the body must be proportional to the height of the limbs.

    • Pork loin: Muscular, slightly arched and well attached.
    • Breast : Deep chest; the ribs are well arched.

    Tail:

    Previously the custom was to amputate the tail.
    • amputee: Good insertion and low, never carried above the level of the top line. Vivacious in action.
    • Without amputating: Good insertion and low, never carried above the level of the top line. Vivacious in action. With fleco. In balance with the rest of the dog


    Tips

    Former members:
    • General appearance: Medium long, straight and with good bones.
    • Previous feet: Round, with thick pads. Compact and cat-like; In addition, they should not be large or squashed.
    Later members:
    • General appearance: Strong and muscular, wide and very well developed. They must be of good bone.
    • Femoro-tibio-patellar joints (Knees): Moderately angled, without turning in or out.
    • Legs: Deep.
    • Hocks: Well descended.
    • Hind feet: Round, with thick pads. Compact and cat-like; In addition, they should not be large or squashed.

    Movement:

    Agile movement, powerful, that covers a lot of ground and has a large rear drive force.

    Mantle

    Fur:

    Smooth or flattened, dense and silky in texture, never rough or wavy. Curly hair is highly undesirable. The fore and hind legs above the hocks have moderate feather-shaped hair.; ears and tail are lightly covered with long feather hair.

    Color:

    Dark red and white. No other color.



    Size and weight:

    โ–ท Approximate height: Males: 48 cm. (19 inches) to the cross,

    โ–ท Females: 46 cm. (18 inches) to the cross.



    Fouls:

    Any deviation from the aforementioned criteria is considered as a fault and the severity of this is considered to the degree of the deviation to the standard and its consequences on the health and well-being of the dog., and the ability of the dog to carry out their traditional work.

    disqualifying fouls:

    โ€ข Aggressiveness or extreme shyness.
    โ€ข Any dog โ€‹โ€‹showing clear signs of physical or behavioral abnormalities.



    N.B.:
    • Males should have two normal-appearing testicles fully descended into the scrotum..
    • Only functionally and clinically healthy dogs, with the typical conformation of the breed, should be used for parenting.

    The latest changes are in bold.

    Source: F.C.I - International Cynological Federation

    Alternative names:

    1. Welsh Springer, Welsh Starter, Welshie (English).
    2. Springer Gallois (French).
    3. Welsh Springer Spaniel (German).
    4. (em inglรชs: Welsh Springer Spaniel) (Portuguese).
    5. Springer Galรฉs (espaรฑol).

    โ–ท The world of Pets: Dogs, cats, birds, reptiles, amphibians

    Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever
    Canadรก FCI 312 . Retrievers

    Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever

    The Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever is a very intelligent dog, resistant and playful.

    Content

    History

    Sometimes nicknamed "Tollerยซ, the Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever is originally from the Little River area of รขโ‚ฌโ€นรขโ‚ฌโ€นNova Scotia, a province on the Atlantic coast of Canada. It was long known as "Little River Duck Dog" before adopting its current name in 1945.

    Although its exact origins remain uncertain, it is well established that it was developed both to bring the aquatic game and to lure it to the hunter's shore in advance. The Micmacs (Mi’kmaq), First Nations people of Eastern Canada, were the first to instill this technique in their dogs. The idea came from observing how red foxes attract waterfowl to shore by splashing water to excite their curiosity, before attacking them once they have approached.

    Regarding the idea of รขโ‚ฌโ€นรขโ‚ฌโ€นtraining dogs to recover waterfowl, spread rapidly in the 19th century. It was then that breeders based in England, The United States and Canada developed various breeds of Retrievers, almost all of which are named after their place of origin (Labrador Retriever, Chesapeake Bay Retriever, etc.). This is also what Canadian breeders in the Little River area did, more specifically from Yarmouth County, with the exception that they aspired to create a dog capable of attracting game, drawing inspiration from the knowledge of the Micmacs. To achieve your goal, crossed the dogs used by the Micmacs with others Retrievers (as the Golden Retriever), as well as with him English Springer Spaniel, the Irish Setter and some Collies used by farmers in the region. The result of his work was called the Little River Duck Hunting Dog.

    The fact that this place was quite remote is probably largely due to, for more than a century, only known in his native region. In 1945, the Canadian Kennel Club (CKC) officially recognized the breed and renamed it Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever. This recognition took her out of anonymity.

    Over the years 60, the Toller began to be used more in the United States, although its popularity remained limited. Was not up 1984 when a breed club was created in the country, and up 1987 when it was officially recognized by the United Kennel Club (UKC). Regarding the other reference organization in the country, the American Kennel Club (AKC), did the same only 16 years later, in 2003.

    It also spread across Europe, especially after its recognition for the Fรฉdรฉration Cynologique Internationale (FCI) in 1981.

    In England, made its appearance mainly through hunting clubs and dog competitions, like the ring and agility. He was recognized by the Kennel Club (KC) in 1988.

    Both in Canada and in the rest of the world, the breed is known primarily to fans of waterfowl hunting. Its use as a family dog โ€‹โ€‹is gaining popularity in many countries., but it is still far from being one of the most popular breeds.

    In United States, for example, the race occupies around the post 80 (of something less than 200) in the AKC breed classification based on the number of annual AKC registrations, having uploaded some 20 put in 2010.

    The rise has been even steeper in France, where, However, started from a lower base. In effect, while the number of registrations in the Livre des Origines Franรงais (LOF) I was not in my twenties before 2010, multiplied by more than five over the next decade, until exceeding one hundred at the end of the latter.

    On the other hand, en el Reino Unido, the appeal of Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever has been generally stable over the same period: despite occasional spikes in some years, the Kennel Club registers around 200 births per year.

    Physical characteristics

    The Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever, is a dog from medium-sized, powerful, compact structure, muscular and well-proportioned body.

    One of its many characteristics to highlight is its extreme agility, determination and Security their movements.

    It is from the section of the Retrievers, the smallest of all, the males measuring of 48 to 51 cm. and females of 45 to 48 cm..

    Their eyes are size medium, almond-shaped and mostly range from amber to brown in color. Its expression is friendly, lively and with some mischief.

    The ears they are medium-sized and form triangular. Its tail, wide at the base and thinner towards the tip is populated with generous fringes.

    Its the mantle of double layer and waterproof, the layer external the way a soft hair with medium length, and internal layer, It is composed of a dense and even softer hair.

    The color the layer can be of several all within the range of the Orange. They may have white markings at the tip of the tail, the feet, the breast and chest.

    It is currently used mostly for waterfowl hunting, When you separate charge, acts as a lure, attracting the birds' attention with its movements and jumps.

    Height and weight

      ▷ Male size: of 48 to 51 cm.
      ▷ female size: Of 45 to 48 cm.
      ▷ Male weight: Of 20 to 23 kg
      ▷ female weight: Of 17 to 20 kg

    Character and skills

    The Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever He is intelligent and independent, with sense of humor, curiosity and ability to play. But, needs a firm master who provides a framework with clear boundaries, or else you can become the master of your own mind and become the master of the house.

    In particular, it is an ideal dog with children, since it shows an energy at least equal to theirs and does not stop bringing what they send for. But, It's important to put attention on, regardless of race, a dog should never be left alone with a young child without adult supervision.

    He usually gets along well with his peers - especially those of his own race- and is usually happy in his company. Living with other pets, on the other hand, it's much more chaotic. His strong hunting instinct leads him to consider cats and other small domestic animals as prey, and therefore to chase them. Fencing the garden is strongly recommended to prevent it from chasing other animals. It is useless to hope that an underground electric fence can stop it., since the discomfort he feels is no match for his hunting instinct. The latter also clearly explains why it is preferable to keep him on a leash when out in public.

    In any case, can be counted on to report anything that seems abnormal. Constantly on the prowl, will not stop warning as soon as someone approaches the house. Next, he usually copies his answer to his master's, and does not hesitate to defend it if necessary. On the other hand, if you see that the newcomer is welcome, does the same, maintaining the natural reserve that it has towards strangers.

    The Toller is not recommended for apartment living, if only because it can be relatively noisy. Does not bark excessively, but when he gets excited (either by certain noises, from the sight of small animals or from the game), emits an almost shrill bark, which some breeders and owners describe as hard to bear. Of course, this problem is less pronounced if the apartment is rather quiet. In any case, adjusting to apartment living depends on being provided with a sufficient amount of exercise, that is to say, at least an hour a day.

    This is especially true during their first year of life., during which he is extremely active and playful. It is then necessary to provide a large number of stimuli and activities, but at the same time you have to know how to moderate your ardor. In effect, while in full development and has not fully developed its muscles (what happens around one year of age), remains especially fragile. So, you need to increase the duration and intensity of exercise very gradually throughout your growth period, at the risk of causing injuries or even malformations that would penalize him for the rest of his life.

    After his first birthday, the Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever becomes much less hyperactive. Conserve a large amount of energy, but you can settle for a good hour of daily activity to keep your feet on the ground. But, there is something else: it is an ideal dog for a sports master, who wants to take his partner for long walks, for example. Able to easily adapt to different environments, it is a very good traveling companion.

    During their pilgrimages, always willing to take a dip if the opportunity presents itself: having been developed to hunt in aquatic environments, swimming is one of his favorite activities, even in murky water. Not necessarily an ideal choice for a master who wants a perfectly clean companion and a flawless interior., as it gives you smart pleasure to play in the mud and roll in the dust.

    Created to help humans during their hunting sessions, the Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever seeks the company of his family and needs mental stimulation. He likes nothing more than keeping busy and feeling useful.. Otherwise, they are likely to get bored and start digging, chew on things or bark incessantly.

    The average life expectancy is of some 12-14 years.

    Observations

    It is a race very rare in Europe, However in North America it is quite popular and is widespread.

    Education

    Because they are constantly trying to please their owners, the Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever they are quite easy to train. This is especially true because he likes to be mentally stimulated and useful., so he is always ready to learn new orders.

    But, as he has a relatively strong temperament, it is best to avoid trying to train him under pressure or duress, as he finds it hard to bear and may even refuse to cooperate. On the other hand, dog training techniques based on positive reinforcement, employed by a quiet master, patient and persistent, are exactly what you need. As long as you are motivated and find an interest in what you do, he is a very good student.

    It may take some subtlety to establish authority and respect for your dog without rushing him, but this is necessary to develop your trust in your master and for both of you to have fun together during training sessions. Consistency is also important: if the rules are not clear or consistent over time or among household members, most likely he will decide for himself what to expect.

    Puppy socialization is important to all breeds, but it is even more important for the Toller, who can be especially reserved with strangers. Thus, it is important to let you meet all kinds of people, other animals and situations from an early age, to prevent him from becoming a shy adult.

    One of the easiest things to do in raising a Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever is to teach you to bring things home to order, because he is a born dog. This can be checked if it is used for hunting: requires few stimuli and quickly integrates behaviors such as baiting or game recovery, that are quite natural for him.

    Imitation learning can be an important part of your education, since he is very attentive and learns a lot through observation. Clicker training is also especially effective with it, as it is more stimulating for him to learn to perform tasks in response to a visual or auditory cue, like the sound of a whistle or clicker, that by repetition. It also, hates repeating the same exercise over and over again: to ensure your full cooperation, it is better to diversify the training sessions.

    Also performs very well in shows and obedience, as well as in agility competitions. Teaching him these dog sports and practicing them with him are excellent levers to use in his education.: keeps you busy and stimulates you both mentally and physically.

    Translation done with the free version of the translator www.DeepL.com/Translator

    Health

    The Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever is generally a healthy dog.

    But, the relatively small gene pool on which it is based has led to the emergence of inbreeding-related diseases in the breed's population.

    The main risks to which you are exposed are the following:

    • the Hip Dysplasia, which may be favored by a hereditary predisposition. Is a source of pain, lameness and then osteoarthritis. The set reduces the mobility of the animal;
    • The patella dislocation, an orthopedic condition that, according to its severity, may be asymptomatic and cause simple discomfort or total loss of knee mobility. In the most serious cases, corrective surgery is required;
    • Progressive retinal atrophy, an inherited disease that first affects night vision, then to the daytime and, finally, leads to total blindness of the dog;
    • Collie eye abnormality, an inherited disease that may or may not be progressive. when it is so, can end up causing blindness of the dog;
    • The Addison's disease (hipocorticism), an endocrine disorder that develops more often in women between the ages of four and six. Produces general weakness, anorexia, vomiting, diarrhea and weight loss;
    • The Hypothyroidism, which is the result of an alteration of the thyroid gland and causes lethargy, weight loss and hair loss, as well as great fatigue;
    • The deafness, that usually appears around the 7 u 8 years in affected individuals. Some bloodlines seem to be more prone to it than others.

    It also, due to the folded shape of his ears, are more prone to infections at this level, like otitis.

    Adopt from a breeder Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever professional and reputable offers guarantees for a number of possible genetic diseases, thanks to the tests that have had to be carried out on the parents or the puppy. The breeder should also be able to provide details of the vaccinations the puppy has received, as recorded in your health or vaccination record, as well as a certificate from a veterinarian attesting to the good health of the puppy.

    Of course, this does not exempt you from doing everything possible to keep you healthy throughout your life. In this issue, prevention plays an important role, just like in humans: it is important to make sure they are examined by a vet at least once a year. This routine check-up can allow, in particular, detect a possible health problem at an early stage, but also make sure you don't miss one of your shots.

    Life expectancy

    Of 12 to 14 years

    Grooming

    The Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever it is an easy-care dog.

    A weekly brushing is usually enough to keep their coat shiny and tangle-free.. The exception is during the spring and fall shedding periods., when daily brushing is recommended to remove the numerous dead hairs.

    How sometimes he likes to play in the mud and get dirty, regular bathing may be necessary, especially to avoid the accumulation of dirt in the coat. How you like water, not usually recalcitrant. But, be sure to use a shampoo specially designed for dogs, as it can damage your skin.

    Take advantage of your dog's weekly coat maintenance session to check the condition of his eyes and clean them.

    Looking at your ears, require special vigilance, since its folded shape implies an increased risk of infection. They should also be carefully examined and cleaned weekly.. It also, It is recommended to dry them after swimming to prevent moisture from settling, as it facilitates the development of bacteria.

    You should also brush your teeth at least once a week. Otherwise, as with any dog, plaque build-up will eventually lead to tartar build-up, which can cause bad breath and other ailments. Even more frequent brushing is recommended, ideally every day. In any case, it is essential to use a toothpaste specially designed for dogs.

    Looking at its claws, natural wear and tear is usually enough to file them. But, You must periodically check that this is the case.. If that is not the case, must be manually trimmed with a dog nail clipper, as otherwise there is a risk that they will become a nuisance or break.

    The different gestures to maintain the coat, the eyes, the ears, your dog's teeth or claws aren't necessarily natural, especially for a beginner owner. But, it is not only essential to do them, but also to do them without risk of injuring or even harming the animal. So, it may be wise to learn them from a vet or groomer the first time, to make sure you know how to do them correctly after. By the way, the sooner you get used to your dog, the less likely you are to feel uncomfortable or even recalcitrant during these operations.

    It is also essential to ensure that you exercise on uneven and rather abrasive surfaces: this keeps your pads in good condition and prevents them from becoming too soft, since then they would accumulate dirt more easily and be more prone to lacerations.

    Use

    The Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever It is mainly used as a hunting dog for waterfowl, which is capable not only of recovering, but also to attract the hunter. English name Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever reflects this particularity, since the word ยซtollingยป comes from the verb ยซtollenยซ, What does "attract" mean?.

    To attract waterfowl, plays on the edge of the pond and makes splashes that sound a bit like a duck flapping its wings on the surface of the water. curious by nature, waterfowl come to shore to see what happens. When they are close enough, the great retreats behind the hunter's shed, and it rises to chase away the game and make it fly: just shoot your prey. Next, the dog re-enters the scene, this time to search and retrieve the downed game. This ingenious technique requires a lot of control, obedience and complicity, and it is precisely by emphasizing these traits that the race was created and developed.

    In addition to his quite unique hunting skills, the Toller also excels in a large number of canine sports disciplines, like the ring, el agility, obedience, the flyball and even the canine frisbee (discdog).

    It is also a good family dog, who gets along especially well with children and loves to do all kinds of activities with his master.

    Quite suspicious of strangers and always attentive, is always alert barking when a stranger approaches the house, although not the most dissuasive or aggressive of guard dogs, far from it.

    Last, as long as, of course, receive specific training, They can also be part of the very selective group of maritime rescue dogs..

    Characteristics "Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever"

    Coexistence is important that you have with your new friend. Before considering the acquisition of a dog of the breed "Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever" you know certain factors. Not all breeds of dogs are apt to live in an apartment, you must take into account his character, their need for exercise, their interaction with other pets, their care and if you have small children, their level of tolerance towards them.

    Adaptation โ“˜

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    friendly dog โ€‹โ€‹โ“˜

    5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    hair loss โ“˜

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Affection level โ“˜

    5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Need for exercise โ“˜

    5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Social need โ“˜

    4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Home โ“˜

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Toilet โ“˜

    2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Friendly with strangers โ“˜

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    barking โ“˜

    2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Health โ“˜

    4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Territorial โ“˜

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Cat friendly โ“˜

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Intelligence โ“˜

    4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Versatility โ“˜

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Child friendly โ“˜

    5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Surveillance โ“˜

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    Images ยซNova Scotia Retrieverยป

    ยซNova Scotia Retrieverยป Videos

    • – FCI – Group 8: Retrievers - Flushing Dogs - Water Dogs – Section 1: Retrievers โ“˜
    • – AKC – Sporting โ“˜
    • – ANKC – Group 3 (Gundogs) โ“˜
    • – CKC – Sporting Dogs โ“˜
    • – โ€‹KC – Gundog โ“˜
    • – NZKC – Gundog โ“˜
    • – UKC – Gun Dogs โ“˜

    FCI breed standard "Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever"

    Origin:
    Canada

    Date of publication of the valid original standard:
    24.06.1987

    Use:

    The retriever runs, jump and play along the shore in sight of a flock of ducks, sometimes disappearing and then quickly reappearing, supported by the action of the hidden hunter, who throws wands or a ball at him. The dog game attracts the attention of ducks that approach the shore and are drawn within range of the shooting line.. Then, the hunter
    order the dog to collect the injured or dead birds.



    General appearance:

    This is a medium-sized dog, powerful, compact, well balanced and muscular with medium to thick bones. Has great agility and determination and is always alert. Many dogs of this breed have a slight expression of sadness, but when they work their appearance changes and they show great concentration and enthusiasm. During work, moves and rushes quickly, raises the head almost to the level of the back and constantly wags its tail covered with abundant fringes of hair.



    Behavior / temperament:

    This is a very intelligent and easy-to-train dog that has great stamina.
    He is a good and skilled swimmer, a tenacious collector by nature, both on land and in the water. He is ready for action as soon as he receives the slightest hint that the hunt will have to charge.. His great enthusiasm as a collector and his playful nature are essential qualities that he must possess to deceive and collect the game..

    Head:

    The head is well defined and has a slight wedge shape.

    Cranial region:
    • Skull: The broad skull is only slightly rounded; occiput is not prominent and cheeks are flat. Some measures
      suitable for an average male would be 14 cm between ears, decreasing to 3,8 cm on the muzzle. The length of the head is approximately 23 cm from nose to occiput, but its size must be in proportion to the size of the body.
    • Depression links (Stop): Moderate.

    facial region:

    • Truffle: Tapers from base to tip. The Windows are wide open. The color must be black, or harmonize with the coat.
    • Snout: It decreases in a well-defined line from the naso-frontal depression to the nose.. The lower jaw is strong, but not prominent. The lower line of the muzzle is almost straight from the corner of the lip to the angle of the jaw. The depth of the muzzle at the level of the naso-frontal depression is greater than at the level of the nose. The hair on the muzzle is short and fine.
    • Lips: Lips are quite tight, forming a smooth curve in profile. The lips are not thick.
    • Jaws / Teeth: The jaws are strong enough to hold a sizable bird.. Mouth smoothness is essential. The correct joint is in the form of a narrow scissor; a full denture is required.

    EYES: They are well separated, they are almond-shaped and medium in size. Its color ranges from amber to brown. They are friendly in expression, alert and intelligent. The skin around the eyes should be the same color as that of the lips.

    EARS: They have a triangular shape, they are medium in size and set high, well toward the back of the skull; the base is very slightly erect. The back of the double has a fringe of hairs. The hair is short at the tip, which is rounded.

    Neck:

    Is medium sized, well muscled and well inserted. There is no presence of dewlap.

    Body:

    • top line: Evenly horizontal.
    • Back: It's short and straight.
    • Pork loin: Strong and muscular.
    • Breast : Deep, chest descends to elbows.. Snugly ribs, neither flat nor barrel-shaped.
    • Belly: Moderately withdrawn.

    Tail:

    Follows the slight natural slope of the rump. It is wide at the base, with abundant and exuberant fringe of hair. The last vertebra reaches at least as far as the hock. The tail can be carried lower than the level of the back, except when the dog is alert, in which case he hunches over and stands up, although it never touches the body.

    Tips

    PREVIOUS MEMBERS:

    • As a whole: Front members should look like parallel columns. They are straight and strong boned.
    • Shoulder: They must be very muscular; shoulder blade is well attached and tilted back, allowing the inclination of the withers towards the region of the back, which is short The shoulder blade and forearm are approximately the same length.
    • Elbows: They must be attached to the body, without deviating or inward, nor out. Its movement must be free and uniform.
    • Metacarpus: They are strong and slightly sloping.
    • Front feet: They are medium in size and rounded with well developed skin between the toes.. Fingers are well together and arched. The pads are thick. Dewclaws can be removed.

    LATER MEMBERS:

    • As a whole: They are muscular, wide and square in appearance, posterior and anterior angulations should be balanced. Thigh and leg are approximately the same length.
    • Thighs:Well muscled.
    • Knee: Well angled.
    • Hocks: Well placed close to the ground,without deviating or inward,nor out. There should be no dewclaws.
    • Rear feet: Like the forwards.

    Movement:

    The Nova Scotia Collector movement is powerful at the same time, elastic and lively. The forelimbs show good range and the hindlimbs give great momentum. The feet should not deviate or inward, nor outwards and the limbs must move in a straight line. As speed increases, the feet tend to come closer when they land on the ground, forming a single footprint; the top line must remain uniform.

    Mantle

    HAIR : Since this dog was bred to collect hunting in icy waters,must have a double coat, waterproof,of moderate length and softness, and a softer and denser undercoat. On the back it can be slightly wavy, but in the rest of the body it is stretched. In winter it can form a long, loose curl in the throat. The fringes of hair are soft on the throat,behind the ears and behind the thighs. In the forelimbs the fringes of hair are moderately developed.

    COLOR: It comes in various shades of red or orange; the fringes of hair and the lower part of the tail are lighter. For the usual, one of the following white markings can be seen: at the tip of the tail, the feet (without extending beyond the metacarpals or hocks), the chest, and a white list on the forehead. A dog that shows otherwise great qualities should not be penalized for not presenting white markings.. The pigment of the nose, the lips and the rim of the eyes should be flesh-colored, harmonizing with that of the fur, or black.



    Size and weight:

    Ideal height: For males over 18 months is 48 to 51 cm., and for females over 18 months, is of 45 to 48 cm..
    Allowed 2,5 cm above or below the ideal size.

    Weight: It should be in proportion to the height and bone structure of the dog; of 20 to 23 kg for adult males, and 17 to 20 kg for adult females.



    Fouls:

    Any deviation from the aforementioned criteria is considered as a fault and the severity of this is considered to the degree of the deviation to the standard and its consequences on the health and well-being of the dog..

    SERIOUS FAULTS:

    โ€ข Longitudinal axes of the nasal ridge and snout diverging or converging.
    โ€ข Abrupt naso-frontal depression.
    โ€ข Clearly pink nose.
    โ€ข Truffle, eyes and rim of the eyes of a color other than the established one.
    โ€ข Superior prognathism.
    โ€ข Round and large eyes.
    โ€ข Convex or concave back.
    โ€ข Loose loin.
    โ€ข Tail carried below the level of the back when the dog is moving. Tail too short, or if it curls up and touches the back.
    โ€ข Pasterns too inclined.
    โ€ข Crushed feet, with thin pads.
    โ€ข Separate coat (not thick enough).
    โ€ข Adult dog that lacks substance.
    โ€ข Dogs with 2,5 cm above or below ideal height.

    FALTAS DESCALIFICANTES:

    โ€ข Aggressiveness or extreme shyness.
    โ€ข Any dog โ€‹โ€‹showing clear signs of physical or behavioral abnormalities.
    โ€ข Any signs of shyness in adult dogs.
    โ€ข Partially depigmented nose.
    โ€ข Superior prognathism of 3 mm (1/8 inch).
    โ€ข Lower prognathism. Deviated arch of incisors.
    โ€ข Absence of skin between the toes.
    โ€ข White color on the shoulders, around the ears, behind the neck, through the back or on the flanks.
    โ€ข Silver fur, gray or with black areas.
    โ€ข Any color other than red or orange tone.



    N.B.:

    โ€ข Males must have two normal-appearing testicles fully descended into the scrotum..
    โ€ข Only functionally and clinically healthy dogs, with the typical conformation of the breed, should be used for parenting.

    Source: F.C.I - International Cynological Federation

    Alternative names:

    1. Yarmouth Toller, Tolling Retriever, Little Red Duck Dog, Little River Duck Dog, Toller, Duck Toller (English).
    2. Nova Scotia, (Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever en anglais) (French).
    3. Nova Scotia Retriever, Toller (German).
    4. (em inglรชs: Nova Scotia duck tolling retriever) (Portuguese).
    5. en inglรฉs: Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever, Toller, Novie, Retriever (espaรฑol).

    โ–ท The world of Pets: Dogs, cats, birds, reptiles, amphibians

    Kooikerhondje (Kooiker)
    Holanda FCI 314 . Flushing Dogs

    Kooikerhondje

    The Kooikerhondje initially it was registered among the companion dogs. Outside Holland it is practically unknown.

    Content

    History

    This puppy with an unpronounceable original name has a long history, that begins in the Middle Ages, more specifically in the fifteenth century, when the Spanish brought the first Spaniels to the Netherlands. Several crosses with local dogs resulted in the Kooikerhondje (Kooiker). The dog quickly spread, appearing in many paintings by 17th century Dutch masters, como Jan Steen (1626-1679), but also in literature, especially in the Dutch Historian Stories Pieter Corneliszoon Hooft (1581-1647).

    It was his special talent for hunting ducks that made him famous. Dutch for "small cager dog" (other name of Kooikerhondje – Kooiker). He was trained to lure ducks with his white plumed tail into trapped channels that ended in a cage (ยซeendenkooiยซ, in Dutch), where the hunters (ยซkooikerยซ) they could catch them easily. The specimens used for this hunting technique were called ยซhondjes de Kooikerยซ, and the name has remained in this breed.

    Apart from the Kooikerhondje (Kooiker), few breeds are capable of learning this hunting technique. A notable exception is the Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever, which appeared in the 19th century and is generally considered to be a descendant of the Kooiker.

    But, the usefulness of the dog did not end there: when it wasn't duck hunting season, it was used to hunt vermin.

    Its population declined rapidly between the two wars, mainly due to the abandonment of this hunting method (which required a lot of work to keep the channels from the traps) in favor of the use of the rifle, facilitated by the greater precision of firearms. Like this, on the eve of World War II, the breed had almost disappeared, with a total number of individuals estimated at only thirty.

    After the invasion of the Netherlands in 1940, the baronessa von Hardenbroek of Ammerstol, in the spirit of resistance to the German occupation, decided to save this typically dutch dog. Delivered a black and white photo to several street vendors, asking them to notify you if they encountered such an animal. That's how he found Tommy, a female Kooiker from the North of the Netherlands, which was the reason for the rebirth of the breed as we know it today.

    Among 1942 and 1976, the baroness raised 52 layers of Dutch foxhounds that were named after his kennel, from Valhalla, and obtained the recognition of the breed by the Raad van Beheer (the official canine organization of the country) in 1971. Later, the breed was recognized by the Fรฉdรฉration Cynologique Internationale (FCI) in 1990 and by the United Kennel Club (UKC) American in 1996. The other leading American organization, the American Kennel Club (AKC), did the same in 2004.

    If he Kooikerhondje (Kooiker) has become a relatively common dog in its country of origin, not yet the case in the rest of the world, where remains unknown. But, things seem to be changing since the decade of 2010.

    Like this, en el Reino Unido, where it is recognized by The Kennel Club, Enrollments have increased considerably since 2013, to the point of already exceeding fifty copies a year.

    Also in France there is a certain madness for this breed: while in 2007 and 2012 they only signed up 5 specimens in the LOF (French Origin Book), between 2013 and 2018 there were more than 200.

    In United States, the Dutch for "small cager dog" still very weird, but the Dutch Kooikerhondje Club of America (NKCUSA) registered 11 new breeders in 2018 and 2019, suggesting that the breed is also enjoying growing interest there, and that its population will increase rapidly.

    Photo: Kooikerhondje puppy by Petful

    Physical characteristics

    The Kooikerhondje – Kooikerhondje is a medium-sized dog with a harmonious build, with a general appearance reminiscent of a Spaniel. Her body, slightly longer than tall, he is muscular but thin: they are dogs made for speed and agility. The tail follows the line of the back and reinforces its slender appearance.

    The head is carried high, which gives it an aristocratic air. The skull is quite wide and rounded, while the muzzle, ending in a black nose, is slightly truncated. His dark brown almond eyes express intelligence and kindness. The ears are medium in size, placed in a line that starts from the nose and passes through the eye, falling down the cheeks.

    The coat is of medium length and can be smooth or slightly wavy. The legs have a longer plumage on the hind legs than on the front ones., but it is the plumage of the tail that is most characteristic of the Kooikerhondje: long and white, giving the tail a feathery look. The long black hairs on the tips of the ears, known as "slopes", they are highly sought after.

    The coat is predominantly white, with large well-marked orange-red spots on the body. The rule Kooiker accepts small marks of this color on the legs, as well as the presence of some black hairs mixed with the red-orange color. The head must have a clear white line that reaches the nose.

    Sexual dimorphism is moderately marked, the male being slightly larger than the female, that tends to shed more hair during the shedding period.

    Size and weight

    ▷ Male size: 38 – 42 cm.
    ▷ female size: 36 – 40 cm.
    ▷ Male weight: 10 – 13 kg.
    ▷ female weight: 9 – 12 kg.

    Character and skills

    The Kooikerhondje It is a loyal dog, very attached to his family, from which he does not like to part. But, they are not effusive and prefer to stay quietly by their master's side rather than jump up to show their attachment. You also need a quiet environment, and does not bear stress well: parties or frequent quarrels would risk lasting disturbance.

    Logically, not a recommended breed of dog for young children, since the cries of a baby or the whims of a small child are hardly to his taste. They are much better suited to a family that shares their calm and relaxed approach to life..

    They are quite suspicious of people they do not know, but they quickly accept those who pay them a little attention, especially if they take the trouble to offer them a reward.

    Although it accepts other dogs of a similar character, does not particularly seek the company of other dogs. Regarding coexistence with other animals, especially with cats or rodents, can be especially difficult due to its strong hunting instinct. Even if he is able to get along with the household animals he has been raised with, the risk that one day he will start chasing the family cat is very real.

    If his placid character could make him suitable for the elderly, he forgets a bit quickly that he is also very active, needing at least two hours of exercise a day. Having said that, he is not very demanding with what he does, and is just as likely to accompany its owner on a long, leisurely walk as it is to chase a ball with the children in the garden or fetch it. But, prefers water activities: to swim, jumping into the water or just playing in a pond are activities that make this water-loving dog happy, since he was originally bred to work on the canals.

    If you can live in an apartment as long as your daily need for activity is met, the Kooikerhondje he greatly prefers having a garden in which to frolic. But, you need to make sure the space is well fenced because, even if I do not have a special predisposition to flee, his hunting instinct is likely to push him to run after all the animals in the region and, Therefore, to move away from your residence.

    In any case, although it is generally calm, problems can arise if you don't get a chance to expend your energy and are left alone too often. In particular, the owner may face inopportune barking and / or destructive dog behavior.

    Smart and attentive, to the Kooikerhondje he likes to be stimulated intellectually; they especially like obedience exercises or learning new tricks. But, your intelligence is a double-edged sword, as they quickly pick up on any hesitation on the part of their master, and they can decide to assume the leadership of the family pack. So, It is a breed reserved for a master who already has experience, in addition to being able to provide you with the stable environment you need.

    Education

    Like all dogs, the Kooiker needs to be socialized from a young age to get used to people, places, noises, smells… that you will know during your life. It is especially advisable to introduce the small animals that share your home as soon as possible, to minimize the risk of lawsuits or even accidents once you are an adult.

    The Kooikerhondje, very sensible, reacts poorly to stressful situations and can be traumatized by traditional training methods. So, their training should be based on positive reinforcement: the compliments, accompanied by caresses and some sweets, they work much better than reprimands. But, your teacher must stand firm and consistent, so as not to confuse you and make you lose confidence in your leader's ability to lead.

    It is important that all family members are involved in their education, to assimilate and accept your authority.

    Active, smart and eager to please, the Kooikerhondje It is an ideal student for obedience exercises as well as for learning different dog sports.: flyball, agility, dogs-cross…

    Health

    The Kooiker has a small gene pool and, Therefore, is prone to many life-threatening genetic diseases. Fortunately, the work of selecting the breeders responsible for Kooiker has resulted in the practical elimination of these risks today.

    These diseases with which the breed has often been associated are:

  • The von Willebrand disease, which causes blood clotting problems and can lead to death from bleeding. Widespread DNA testing since the years 90 make that today we hardly find more affected subjects;
  • hereditary necrotizing myelopathy, a neurological problem that affects the spinal cord and causes paralysis. Thanks to a responsible breeding policy, now there is less than one case a year worldwide;
  • The hereditary epilepsy, which can cause seizures that range from a few seconds to several minutes. The number of affected dogs is steadily declining, to the point that this disease only affects between 1 and 5 dogs a year;
  • The miositis, o polymositis, is a chronic inflammation of one or several muscles that can cause very different symptoms depending on the affected muscles. Potentially deadly, this disease is still relatively widespread, affecting about the 1% of the population;
  • The waterfall, an opaque filter in the eyes that can cause blindness in dogs, that has been practically eliminated;
  • The patellar dislocation moderate, which is disabling but not dangerous, and is by far the most common condition. In fact, almost the 15% of the breed representatives are affected.
  • Another risk to the health of the Dutch for "small cager dog" is obesity, so the owner should regularly check that the dog is not overweight, in addition to giving him enough exercise.

    Last, like all breeds of dogs with hanging ears, are at increased risk of ear infections.

    Life expectancy

    12 to 14 years

    Grooming

    The Kooikerhondje it is a low maintenance breed of dog. A quick weekly brushing is more than enough to keep the coat healthy. But, during the shedding periods in spring and fall, brushing more frequently is recommended to remove dead hair.

    Bathing your dog is seldom necessary. In any case, you should not bathe your dog more than twice a year, so as not to damage your skin. On the other hand, after the Kooikerhondje have fun in a pool, in the sea or in a doubtful-looking pond, it is advisable to rinse it with fresh water to remove any traces of chlorine, shall, algae or bacteria.

    On the other hand, it is advisable to take advantage of the weekly brushing session to check the eyes, teeth and, above all, the dog's ears, to ensure that there is no dirt that could cause the start of an infection or otitis.

    Last, the claws of Kooikerhondje are tough and grow relatively quickly: natural wear and tear is often not enough, and then you have to trim them manually when they have become too long.

    Utility

    Historically used for duck hunting in the canals of the Netherlands, the Kooiker is nowadays mainly a pet.

    His high level of activity and intelligence also allow him to obtain excellent results in dog sports competitions, and a patient and dedicated trainer can turn you into a flyball or agility champion.

    Characteristics "Kooikerhondje (Kooiker)"

    Coexistence is important that you have with your new friend. Before considering the acquisition of a dog of the breed "Kooikerhondje (Kooiker)" you know certain factors. Not all breeds of dogs are apt to live in an apartment, you must take into account his character, their need for exercise, their interaction with other pets, their care and if you have small children, their level of tolerance towards them.

    Adaptation โ“˜

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    friendly dog โ€‹โ€‹โ“˜

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    hair loss โ“˜

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    Affection level โ“˜

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    Need for exercise โ“˜

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    Social need โ“˜

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    Home โ“˜

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    Health โ“˜

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    Territorial โ“˜

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    Cat friendly โ“˜

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    Intelligence โ“˜

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    Versatility โ“˜

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    Child friendly โ“˜

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    Surveillance โ“˜

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    Images "Kooikerhondje (Kooiker)"

    Photos:

    1 – Kooikerhondje at https://pixabay.com/es/photos/perro-kooikerhondje-kooiker-3917568/
    2 – Kooikerhondje at https://pixabay.com/es/photos/perro-kooikerhondje-mascotas-4744089/
    3 – Dutch Decoy Dog puppy by Jeroenzwaan, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons
    4 – KOOIKERHONDJE PUPPY by https://pixy.org/4695950/
    5 – Kooikerhondje by Burner83 / from wikipedia, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons
    6 – Kooiker – petsadviser.com by Pets Adviser from Brooklyn, USA, CC BY 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons

    Videos "Kooikerhondje (Kooiker)"

    Kooiker - 16 to soften - MOOS
    Kooiker – 16 weeks – MOOS
    Carino at the dog school
    Carino in der Hundeschule

    Type and recognitions:

    • FCI CLASSIFICATION:
    • Group 8: Hunting Retriever Dogs. Hunting Lifting Dogs. Water dogs.
    • Section 2: Flushing Dogs. With working trial.

    Federations:

    • – FCI – Group 8: Retrievers - Flushing Dogs - Water Dogs – Section 2: Retrievers โ“˜
    • – AKC – Sporting โ“˜
    • – โ€‹KC – Gundog โ“˜
    • – UKC – Gun Dogs โ“˜

      • FCI breed standard "Kooikerhondje (Kooiker)"

        Origin:
        Netherlands

        Date of publication of the valid original standard:
        13.10.2010

        Use:

        Companion and sporting dog used as a decoy in duck hunting.



        General appearance:

        The Kooikerhondje is a small sporting dog with a harmonious structure, Orange Red, Particularly square proportions on your body. He moves holding his head up. During action its moving tail, well covered with long hair, has a carriage level with or above the top line.. The ears have black hair on the tips, the so-called โ€œhoopsโ€. The dog is presented with natural hair, without cuts.

        important proportions:

        The length of the body from the tip of the shoulders (scapula/humerus) even the tip of the ischium is slightly longer than its height at the withers.
        Skull and muzzle of equal length.



        Behavior / temperament:

        Cheerful and agile, self-confident and with sufficient perseverance and resistance, balanced and alert but not loud. The breed is faithful, easy and friendly. Outside the hunting season the dog is used to find and kill vermin, therefore you need to be enthusiastic, fast and strong. It is a real sporting dog, being attentive and energetic, having enthusiasm for work and a cheerful character.

        Head:

        The head is of moderate length, appropriate to overall appearance, well chiseled with flowing lines.

        Cranial region:
        • Skull: Wide enough, moderately rounded.
        • Depression links (Stop): Seen in profile clearly visible but not very deep.

        facial region:

        • Truffle: Black in color and well developed.
        • Snout: Seen in profile not too deep and slightly wedge-shaped, seen from above without narrowing too much and well filled under the eyes.
        • Lips: Preferably well pigmented, tight without protruding.
        • Jaws/Teeth: Scissor bite, a full dentition is desired. Pincer bite is accepted but not desired.
        • Eyes: Almond biscuits, dark brown, with a kind and attentive expression.
        • Ears: Moderately large insertion just above the line from the tip of the nose towards the corner of the eye. The ears are brought next to the cheeks without presenting folds. Well covered with long hair, spiky black hair (Earrings) are highly desirable.

        Neck:

        Strong musculature, long enough and well defined.

        Body:

        • top line: Smooth line from withers to tail.
        • Back: Strong and right, rather short.
        • Pork loin: Long and wide enough, strong muscles.
        • Rump: Slightly sloping and wide enough; the length of the rump should be 1,5 times its width.
        • Breast : Reaching up to the elbows with sufficiently arched ribs. Sufficiently developed forechest.
        • Bottom line and belly: Slightly retracted towards the spine

        Tail:

        Insertion such that it continues the upper line of the body, carrying at the level of the upper line or almost straight up. Well covered in long white hair. The last vertebra must reach the hock joint.

        Tips

        Former members:
        • Shoulder: Shoulders sloped sufficiently to form a fluid line from the neck to the back.
        • Forearm: Well angled towards the scapula which is of equal length.
        • Elbows: Well on the body.
        • Arm: Right and parallel, strong bones of sufficient density and long.
        • Metacarpus: Strong and slightly oblique.
        • Previous feet: Small, slightly oval, compact with forward fingers, tight.
        Later members:
        • General appearance: Well angled, rights and parallels seen from behind. Strong bones.
        • Thigh: Well muscled.
        • Leg: As long as the thigh.
        • The Hock joint: Well descended.
        • Hind feet: Same as the previous ones

        Movement:

        It must be fluid and elastic, well spread, with good scope. Parallel ends.

        Mantle

        Fur: Long Middle, slightly wavy or straight and tight. Soft hair. Well developed undercoat. The forelimbs should have moderately long hair reaching the tarsal joint. The hind limbs must have quite long hair forming pants. Must not have long hair below the hock joint. Hair on head, front of the limbs and feet, must be short. Enough long hair at the bottom of the tail. Longer hair on the throat and chest. Earrings (Long hair strands with spikes
        black) are highly desirable.

        Color: Distinguished light orange red markings on pure white. However, a few small spots on the extremities are accepted. The red-orange color should predominate. Some black hairs interspersed with the red-orange color and slight markings are accepted but not desired..



        Head color: A clearly visible list towards the truffle. There may be coloration on the cheeks and around the eyes.
        Too narrow or too wide a list or only partially colored cheeks are less desirable. A black ring is accepted on the tail where the color changes from red orange to white.



        Size and weight:

        Ideal withers height:

        Males: 40 cm..


        females: 38 cm..

        Tolerance 2 cm over 3 cm below ideal height.



        Fouls:

        Any deviation from the aforementioned criteria is considered as a fault and the severity of this is considered to the degree of the deviation to the standard and its consequences on the health and well-being of the dog., and the dog's ability to perform its traditional task.

        • Ears too small.
        • Semi-erect ears or โ€œflying earsโ€.
        • Curved glue.
        • Hackney movement.
        • Curly or silky hair.
        • Color too intermixed with black hair in orange markings.
        • Too much hair of intermingled color.
        • Above the maximum size or below the minimum size.
        Serious misconduct:
        • Nervous behavior.
        • Sharply short limbs, out of proportion.
        • Eyes gazeos.
        • Prognatic or enognathic bite.
        • Tail too short, not reaching the hock joint.
        • White in ears, partial or completely.
        • White hair around the eyes, one or both.
        disqualifying fouls:
        • Aggressiveness or extreme shyness.
        • Any dog โ€‹โ€‹showing clear signs of physical or behavioral abnormalities.
        • Black and white or tricolor.


        N.B.:
      • Males should have two normal-appearing testicles fully descended into the scrotum..
      • Only functionally and clinically healthy dogs, with the typical conformation of the breed, should be used for parenting.
      • Source: F.C.I - International Cynological Federation

        Alternative names:

        1. Kooiker, Dutch Spanie (English).
        2. Petit chien hollandais de chasse au gibier d’eau (French).
        3. Kooikerhondje (German).
        4. (em neerlandรชs: Kooikerhondje) (Portuguese).
        5. Kooikerhondje, Pequeรฑo Perro Holandรฉs para la caza acuรกtica (espaรฑol).