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Deerhound
Escocia FCI 164 . Rough-haired Sighthounds

The Scottish Deerhound resembles a Greyhound larger coarse hair and stronger bone.

Lebrel Escocés

Content

Characteristics "Deerhound"

Coexistence is important that you have with your new friend. Before considering the acquisition of a dog of the breed "Deerhound" you know certain factors. Not all breeds of dogs are apt to live in an apartment, you must take into account his character, their need for exercise, their interaction with other pets, their care and if you have small children, their level of tolerance towards them.

Adaptation ⓘ

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

friendly dog ​​ⓘ

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

hair loss ⓘ

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Affection level ⓘ

5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Need for exercise ⓘ

5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Social need ⓘ

5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Home ⓘ

2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Toilet ⓘ

2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Friendly with strangers ⓘ

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

barking ⓘ

1,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Health ⓘ

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Territorial ⓘ

2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Cat friendly ⓘ

2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Intelligence ⓘ

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Versatility ⓘ

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Child friendly ⓘ

4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Surveillance ⓘ

2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

joy ⓘ

4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

History

Where does the Deerhound «Deerhound»?

The Deerhound it is one of the oldest and noblest dog breeds in the world. It is an impressive hunting dog and sighthound. Together with his cousin, the Irish wolfhound, slightly larger, displays a distinctive and strongly impressive dog type.

It has the complexion of a large and very strong greyhound and at the same time a rough and shaggy coat. As the name suggests, was the hunting dog of the Scottish high nobility for the red deer. The Scottish Deerhound must be fast, brave and strong enough to attack an adult deer and, at least, knock him down until the hunter can finish him off with the spear. The Deerhound it was also used in other game such as elk or wild boar. The hunts took place in the rugged Scottish Highlands. Dogs had to be fast, strong, persistent and, at the same time, extremely robust and resistant. So later they were also used to exterminate wolves.

With the decline of classical hunting by the high nobility and new firearms with which a deer could be easily shot from a distance, the Deerhound lost importance and was finally almost extinct. British dog lovers, like the great painter Edwin Landseer, were involved in its conservation after 1800. Fortunately, this was very successful. The Scottish Deerhound is closely related to the Irish wolfhound, which is supported by genetic studies carried out by a team of geneticists led by Heidi Parker in 2017. Even today, the appearance of Deerhound singlehandedly distills the conditions of antiquity and medieval times in the Highlands.

There are few more impressive dogs. Although there are still places in the Scottish mountains named after dogs that died hunting, the Scottish Deerhound is a breed in decline now found almost exclusively in South Africa.

Physical characteristics

The Deerhound he has the typical build of a large greyhound. Over this he wears his trademark wiry fur, lean and moisture repellent. The official standard describes its appearance as follows:

The Scottish Deerhound resembles a Greyhound larger coarse hair and stronger bone. His build gives the impression of a unique combination of speed, strength and endurance needed to shoot down a deer; However, its general bearing is of noble dignity.

His coat is disheveled, but not excessive. Woolly hair is not allowed. The correct coat is dense, tight, disheveled, feels hard or stiff. In the body, neck and hindquarters are hard and lean, of about 7-10 cm.; in the head, chest and belly is much softer. Slight fringe of hair on the inside of the front and back legs.

Must measure between 7 and 10 centimeters. The allowed colors are dark blue-gray, the gray or the brindle, the yellow. White spots are undesirable. Unfortunately, It has become common practice at shows that dogs must show at least one 10% additional height at the withers. This tendency to gigantism is detrimental to the health of dogs and makes the already difficult growth phase even more difficult..

How big is a Deerhound??

With a height at the withers from 71 centimeters in females and up to 79 in males, they look awesome. Bitches must weigh about 36, the males ones 45 kg.

How many years does a "Deerhound" live??

The life expectancy of a "Deerhound" is difficult to measure. There are specimens that barely reach the 6 years, others even reach the 12 and more years in the best physical shape.

Character and skills

The Scottish Deerhound is a Sighthound and a hunting dog. But it's much more than that. He is a sensitive friend who absolutely needs a close connection with his human family.. Shows great empathy and adaptability to its humans. This strong and fast hunter is extremely gentle, calm and free from any aggressiveness.

He is kind and patient with children. At the same time, always show some pride. Thanks to his intelligence and sensitivity, notices any unfair treatment. This hurts. The Deerhound it is an extremely nice and easy to drive companion. It is also an ideal companion for horseback riding or jogging. Given their willingness to hunt, this requires good training and a close bond with its owner, that I should be able to call you at any time. It is an incomparable experience to walk through nature with these dogs. But, A prerequisite for a harmonious coexistence is that the Scottish Deerhound can satisfy your basic needs. This includes running, ideally chasing a dummy hare during coursing.

One Scottish Deerhound who can live up to a certain point his natural running abilities makes an excellent companion and family dog. The official standard describes its character as follows:

Its build evokes the impression of a unique combination of speed, strength and endurance needed to shoot down a deer; However, its general bearing is of noble dignity. Soft and friendly. Obedient and easy to train, as it is eager to please. Docile and fair, never suspicious, aggressive or shy. Shown with quiet dignity.

Care and health of a "Scottish Greyhound"

What care does a "Deerhound" need??

The Scottish Deerhound adult is a low maintenance dog. Regular brushing is enough.

Are there typical diseases of the «Deerhound» breed?

The Deerhounds, once grown, they are a robust breed.

What is the best food for a Deerhound??

The Deerhounds value a high-quality and varied diet. Expert guidance is essential, especially during the growth phase.

The Scottish Deerhound it's a greyhound. The free run, fast and extensive, it is a basic requirement for the life of its species. Thus, in some regions there are special facilities where greyhounds can satisfy their need to run. Either he runs after a dummy rabbit at the racetrack or during the coursing, or else the dog is made happy with a ball thrower.

Where can you buy a "Deerhound"?

If you want to spend your life with a Scottish Deerhound, you should first check if you have the possibility to leave this Hound released regularly. Ideally, you should enjoy racing. You should only buy your puppy from a reputable breeder.

Images "Deerhound"

Photos:

1 – Female "Scottish Greyhound" with exceptional longevity: 14 years and 7 months. by Manialize, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons
2 – «Scottish Deerhound» by Mark Robinson
3 – Gray Scottish Deerhound, male. by Canarian, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons
4 – "Scottish Greyhound" by Manialize, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons
5 – “Scottish Deerhound” at Theodore Roosevelt Dog Park by Andrea Arden
6 – "Scottish Greyhound" by Svenska Mässan from Sweden, CC BY 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons

Videos "Deerhound"

Type and recognitions:

  • FCI CLASSIFICATION:
  • Group :
  • Section : . .

Federations:

  • Standard FCI (International Cynological Federation) Group 10: Section 2: Rough-haired Sighthounds
  • CCC standard (Canadian Kennel Club / Canadian Kennel Club)
  • KC standard (The Kennel Club)
  • AKC standard (American Kennel Club) (Hound)

FCI breed standard "Deerhound"

Origin:
Scotland

Date of publication of the valid original standard:
08.10.2012

Use:

Hunting dog, career and company.



General appearance:

It resembles a larger rough-haired Greyhound with stronger bones.



Behavior / temperament:

His body build suggests the unique combination of speed, strength and endurance needed to knock down a deer, but his general bearing is of dignity and nobility. He is noble and friendly. It is obedient and easy to train because of its willingness to please. He is docile and of good character, never suspicious, aggressive or nervous.
He behaves with a quiet dignity.

Head:

Elongated,

Cranial region:
  • Skull : It is more flattened than round, with a slight bump over the eyes. Wider at the level of the ears, thinning slightly towards the eyes. It is covered with moderately long hair and softer than the rest of the body.
  • Depression links (Stop) : No stop.

facial region:

  • Truffle : Black. Slightly aquiline nose.
  • Snout : Tapers more markedly towards the tip of the nose. In dogs with lighter fur, black muzzle preferred.
  • Lips : Glued. They have a good mustache with quite silky hair and a little beard.
  • Jaws / Teeth : Strong jaws with a perfect scissors bite, regular and complete, that is to say, that the upper incisors closely overlap the lower incisors and are implanted vertically in the jaws.
  • Eyes : dark. Usually dark brown or hazelnut in color. Light eyes are undesirable. Moderately rounded, with a soft expression at rest, but with a sharp look, penetrating and distant when active. Black pigmented eye rims.
  • Ears : Set high and bent back when idle. In activity it raises them above the head without losing the fold and sometimes in a semi-erect way.. It is very undesirable for the ears to be thick and large falling flat against the head or for the ears to be erect. The ears should be soft to the touch, satin, like the ears of a mouse; the smaller the better, no long fur or stripes. Its color must be black or dark.

Neck:

Very strong, of a convenient length, which is sometimes disguised with the mane. The nape is very prominent at its insertion with the head. It presents no Chin.

Body:

It generally presents the body shape of a larger Greyhound and skeleton.

  • Back : Straight top line is undesirable.
  • Pork loin : Well arched, descends to the root of the tail.
  • Rump : Descendant, wide and powerful.
  • Breast : Deeper than wide, not too narrow or ribs flattened on the sides.

Tail:

Long, thick at its root, thinning towards the tip and reaching almost to the floor. When the specimen is standing, falls perfectly straight or curved. He wears it curved during movement, but never lifts it above the line of the back. Well covered with hair; on the top the hair is thick and hard (like wire) and in its lower part it is longer; a slight fringe is allowed near the tip. Curled or ringed tail is undesirable.

Tips

PREVIOUS MEMBERS : From elbows to straight feet, wide and flat.

  • Shoulder : Well angled and not too far apart. Heavy, straight shoulders are undesirable.
  • Elbows and forearms : Very wide.

LATER MEMBERS : With a great distance from the hip to the tibio-tarsal joint. Broad and flat bones.

  • Hips : Well separated.
  • Knees : Well angulated.

FEET : Compact and well angulated fingers. Strong nails.

Movement:

It is easy, active and aligned, with a good range.

Mantle

  • HAIR : He is disheveled, but not in excess; woolly fur is unacceptable. The correct coat is thick, tight, irregular; frizzy or rough to the touch. Body hair, neck and limbs is hard as wire and approximately 7 cm. (3 inches) to 10 cm. (4 inches) long. The hair of the head, chest and belly is softer. Presents a slight fringe of hair on the inside of the forelimbs and hindquarters.
  • COLOR : Dark blue-gray, lighter or darker shades of gray; tawny and yellow, sand red or fire red with mask, eyes, black limbs and tail. White chest allowed, white fingers and a small white spot on the tip of the tail; but it is preferable that it is as little white as possible, because it is a unicolor dog. A white collar or a white list on the head is unacceptable.


Size and weight:

Males : Desirable minimum height at the withers : 76 cm. (30 inches)

Approximate weight : 45,5 kg (100 English pounds)

females : Desirable minimum height at the withers : 71 cm. (28 inches)

Approximate weight : 36,5 kg (80 English pounds)



Fouls:

Any deviation from the aforementioned criteria is considered a fault and its severity is considered to the degree of the deviation from the standard and its consequences on the health and well-being of your health..

Any dog ​​showing clear signs of physical or behavioral abnormalities must be disqualified..



N.B.:

Males should have two normal-appearing testicles fully descended into the scrotum..

Source: F.C.I - International Cynological Federation

Alternative names:

1. Scottish Deerhound (English).
2. Scottish Deerhound, Deerhound (French).
3. Scottish Deerhound, Highland Deerhound (German).
4. Deerhound, Galgo escocês, Deerhound escocês (Portuguese).
5. Deerhound (español).

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Dutch Partridge Dog
Holanda FCI 224 . Spaniel type

The Dutch Partridge Dog is ideal for hunting in a wide variety of terrain. They hunt with pistol shooting. Maintaining contact with the hunter is apparently an innate quality.

Dutch Partridge Dog

A peculiarity of Dutch Partridge Dog consists in the fact that during the search the tail performs a rotating movement faster and faster as the dog approaches the prey.

Content

Characteristics "Dutch Partridge Dog"

Coexistence is important that you have with your new friend. Before considering the acquisition of a dog of the breed "Dutch Partridge Dog" you know certain factors. Not all breeds of dogs are apt to live in an apartment, you must take into account his character, their need for exercise, their interaction with other pets, their care and if you have small children, their level of tolerance towards them.

Adaptation ⓘ

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

friendly dog ​​ⓘ

4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

hair loss ⓘ

5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Affection level ⓘ

5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Need for exercise ⓘ

4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Social need ⓘ

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Home ⓘ

2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Toilet ⓘ

2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Friendly with strangers ⓘ

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

barking ⓘ

4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Health ⓘ

4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Territorial ⓘ

2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Cat friendly ⓘ

2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Intelligence ⓘ

4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Versatility ⓘ

4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Child friendly ⓘ

4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Surveillance ⓘ

2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

joy ⓘ

4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

History

The Dutch Partridge Dog it is an ancient canine breed, that can be found in paintings painted centuries ago.

Originaria de Drenthe, a dutch province, the breed was developed during the 16th century from dogs from Spain, what were called Spionenen or Spaniolen. In the Netherlands they were given the name of Patrijshond, what does retriever mean.

in the east of the country, especially in the province of Drenthe, these dogs were bred as pure breeds, without any mix with other foreign races, as it happened in other places. This isolation allowed the Perdiguero to remain unchanged during 3 or 4 centuries.

The 15 in May of 1943, was recognized by the Raad van Beheer op Kynologish Gebied from the Netherlands, a recognition strongly encouraged by Baroness van Hardenbroek and Messrs. van Heek junior and Quartero.

The responsible breed club was founded on 5 in June of 1948, with the name of Nederlandse Vereniging of Drentsche Patrijshond.

Related to him Small Munsterlander and the French Spaniel, the Dutch Partridge Dog is quite limited in number, and the breed is almost unknown outside its borders.

Photo: «Drentsche Partridge Dog» macho by Stefanie Joksch, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons

Physical characteristics

The Dutch Partridge Dog he is a well proportioned dog, with dry muscles, pure in its lines. His body reveals power and also the ability to run at the speed that suits a hunting dog. Wedge-shaped muzzle is slightly shorter than skull. The lips are quite dry and are not hanging. Her body, slightly longer than the height of the withers, is slightly elongated. Although the fur is not really long on the body, gives the impression of being so because of the well-populated ears, more abundant hair on the neck and chest, the fringes on the front and back legs and on the bushy tail, abundantly populated on all sides.

They have a dense coat that covers the body well. Not curly. The hair is not really long, but as it is longer in some parts, the dog, as a whole, gives the impression of having long hair. On the neck and chest, the hair is longer. In the ears, the hair is long and preferably wavy. The ears, the back of the front and back legs and the back of the thighs are fringed. Hair preferably wavy on the upper part of the body and tail. Except for its base, the tail is abundantly provided with long hair on all sides. These hairs are gradually shortened towards the tip.

COLOR: White fur with brown spots, mottled or not. Coats with a mix of brown and white hairs, with or without marks, are less desirable, like the cloak coats. The ears are brown, like the hair around the eyes.

SIZE:

Males: 58 to 63 cm..
females: 55 to 60 cm..

Weight: Of 20 to 25 kg

Character and skills

They are ideal for hunting in a wide variety of terrain. They hunt with pistol shooting. Maintaining contact with the hunter is apparently an innate quality. A characteristic feature of many dogs of this breed is that, during the hunt, the tail describes a circular motion, especially when the dog is aware of the proximity of the prey. When he's close to hunting, the dog waits for the hunter to approach and when the hunter is late, turn your head to look for the game. Thanks to its adaptability, the dog is capable of hunting all kinds of animals on the plains and swamps. It is also a good retriever and excels at searching for lost game.. These characteristics are innate. Thus, does not require long training.

The Dutch Partridge Dog it is also a very good companion dog because it is faithful, friendly, attentive. Your education should be done smoothly, without aggressiveness or too much firmness.
This dog requires regular maintenance. It will be an accomplice of the children and it is possible to leave them together. under surveillance, of course. Apartment living will get you down, you need to have at least one garden for him. to let off steam and also for daily walks.

Health

The Dutch Partridge Dog he is a robust dog, but can be injured while hunting (fracture, sprain, tendinitis, wound…). His ears are down, poorly ventilated, prone to ear infections. Some dogs may be affected by hip-femoral dysplasia, a malformation of the hips that causes lameness and pain.

Grooming

The Dutch Partridge Dog should be brushed once a week to remove dead hairs and dirt. You can bathe once a month with a suitable shampoo.

Inspect and clean floppy ears once a week. When we come back from the hunt, we will check that he is not injured. Good antiparasitic and vacation coverage will be launched.

Images "Dutch Partridge Dog"

Dutch Partridge Dog
Drentsche Patrijshond Bowi the Gloucester during upland game hunt in Idaho by DutchID, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons
Dutch Partridge Dog
Dutch Partridge Dog by mjk23, CC BY 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons

Videos "Dutch Partridge Dog"

Nail - Partridge Dog (Spaniel) - 4 Week Residential Dog Training at Adolescent Dogs

Drentsche partridge dog Indy: adventure share 27
Drentsche patrijshond Indy: avonturen deel 27

Type and recognitions:

  • FCI CLASSIFICATION:
  • Group :
  • Section : . .

Federations:

  • FCI – Group 7: Pointing Dogs. – Section 1: Continental Pointing Dogs. 1.2: Spaniel type
  • UKCGun Dog

FCI breed standard "Dutch Partridge Dog"

Origin:
Netherlands

Date of publication of the valid original standard:
25.03.2003

Use:

Pointing Dogs.



General appearance:

Well proportioned dog, dryly muscled and with a well-defined cut structure, whose body shows power and also the ability to develop the speed necessary for a hunting dog.

It has a wedge-shaped snout which is a little shorter than the length of the skull and relatively dry., no hanging lips. His body is a little longer than his height at the withers , therefore slightly elongated. The mantle, although it is not really long in the body, It gives this appearance because the ears and tail are well covered with hair and because of the abundance of hair on the neck and chest., as well as the presence of fringes on the ears, front and hind limbs and especially in the tail.



Behavior / temperament:

It is the ideal hunting dog for various types of terrain. Hunt within shotgun range. Keeping in touch with the hunter seems to be an innate quality. A characteristic of several dogs of this breed is that while searching for prey, the tail has a circular movement, especially when you feel the trail. When approaching the prey, the dog waits for the hunter to arrive., when it is delayed, He looks back looking for his master.
It has the adaptability that makes it capable of hunting all types of prey on land or in water., Besides, he is a good collector and finder of lost prey.. These characteristics are innate therefore, needs very little training.
Due to his gentle nature, it is not okay to use force methods for his training..
He is loyal and intelligent, which does, along with good education and training, a very esteemed family dog, apart from a valuable hunter's companion.

Head:

---

Cranial region:
  • The skull It is quite wide and only slightly domed. In the midline it has a groove barely visible from the stop, which is mild, up to half the distance to the occipital protuberance, moderately developed.
  • Depression links (Stop) : Seen from the front and from the side, the skull gradually tilts towards the snout, the cheeks also gradually decrease towards the muzzle. Superciliary ridges are well developed.

facial region:

  • Truffle : Well developed and brown in color. Windows wide open.
  • Snout : Wedge-shaped and slightly shorter than the skull, truncated at the end, without any sign of cut under the eyes. The nasal cannula is wide, It is neither concave nor convex. A very slight upward curve behind the nose is permitted. Roman nose is a serious fault.
  • Lips : Quite thin and dry.
  • Jaws / Teeth : strong bite, well-fitting scissors bite.
  • Cheeks : Moderately developed.

Eyes : They are widely spaced and placed in such a way that they are well protected; They are neither prominent nor sunken, medium sized and oval shaped. Its expression shows the kind and intelligent character of this hunting dog.. It is desirable that the eye color be amber, that is to say, that are neither dark nor too light like the eyes of a bird of prey. The eyelids are well attached to the eyeball.

Ears : They are not heavy, They are high insertion; Since their insertion, they remain close to the cheeks without forming folds.; When they are pulled forward, three fingers are missing so that their length reaches the tip of the nose.. They are wide at the insertion and rounded at the tip.. The abundant hair that covers the ears is wavy and long; does not have curly hair. The hair is shorter at the tips of the ears, the inner edge also with abundant fringe. When attention is drawn, he puts his ears forward and raises them. Seen from the front, the ears form a triangle with the fold in the middle of the leather of the ears.. The ears are mobile showing different moods.

Neck:

Strong, medium long, rather short than long; forms a continuous, fluid line between the head and the trunk. A longer neck than desired, giving the impression of more elegant but lacking strength is undesirable. The dewlap and loose skin on the throat are atypical in the appearance of this dog with a dry build and well-defined lines and are therefore undesirable..

Body:

  • top line : A smooth line from the neck, of moderate length, with a straight back and loins, forms a fluid line that ends in a slightly descending rump.
  • Back : Strong, medium long, not very short; Together with the well-angled forelimbs and hindlimbs, it gives the impression that the body is elongated..
  • Pork loin : Strongly muscled.
  • Rump : Wide and long, slightly descending.
  • Breast : Deep that reaches up to the elbows; Seen from the front it is quite wide; the forelimbs should not be obstructed by overly arched ribs, narrow and shallow chest is considered fault. Elongated rib cage; well developed back ribs, arched, not flattened or barrel-shaped.
  • bottom line : Little withdrawn.

Tail:

Very high insertion, the length of the tail reaches the tibio-tarsal joint. The first half is hanging and the rest forms a slight upward curve.. In action, part of the tail is carried horizontally and the last part in a slight upward curve.. It never has its tail curled over its back.. With the exception of its root, the tail is covered with a lot of fringe, which decreases towards the tip.

Tips

PREVIOUS MEMBERS :

  • Shoulders and arms : Long scapulae, well inclined backwards positioned in such a way that the shoulder, the arm and forearm have good angulation. Also when seen from the front, The scapulae are very oblique, which keeps the body well united and harmoniously integrated..
  • Elbows : Tight to the chest, no deviations outwards or inwards, which could limit the dog's movement.
  • Forearm : Straight and well muscled.
  • Articulation of the carpus : Strong, with good bone.
  • Metacarpus : No outward or inward deviation, slightly tilted.
  • Front feet : Rounded or oval in shape with closely knit fingers, arched and strong, with solid foot pads.

LATER MEMBERS : well developed, wide and well muscled.

  • Thigh and leg : The set of bones of the pelvis, of the thigh and leg show good angulations relative to each other. Hind limbs, seen from the back, They are neither too close nor too far apart.; They are straight and in an absolutely vertical position.
  • Warm-foot joint : Placed low.
  • Metatarsus : Short, no deviations outwards or inwards.
  • Rear feet : Equal to the forwards.

Movement:

Energetic and harmonious movement, that covers a lot of ground; during trotting the limbs do not move too close together or too far apart; without wobbling or deviating the elbows or tibiotarsal joints outwards. As speed increases, it tends to look for the middle line..

Mantle

HAIR : Dense fur, that covers the body well, without being curly; the cloak is not really long, but because in some parts of the body it is longer, the dog gives the impression of being long-haired. On the neck and chest, the hair is longer. over the ears, the hair is long, preferably wavy. The ears, the back of the forelimbs and hindlimbs, the thighs and tail are covered with hair in the form of fringes.
Without being at the base, the tail, It is covered with long hair which gradually shortens towards the tip.

COLOR : White with brown markings, with or without mottling. Less desirable is a coat with a mix of white and brown hair with or without markings.. The mantle is less desirable. The ears are brown as is the hair around the eyes..



Size and weight:

Height to the cross :

  • Males: 58 to 63 cm..
  • females: 55 to 60 cm..

One or two more centimeters are acceptable if the dog is well proportioned.



Fouls:

FAULTS: Any deviation from the aforementioned criteria is considered a fault and its severity is considered to the degree
of the deviation from the standard and its consequences on the health and well-being of the dog.
The offenses listed must be in accordance with their severity..

• Dogs with a coat.
• Eyes that are too round.
• Lips that are too heavy or not accompanied by a double chin.
• Ears with open bearing.
• Long curly hair over the ears and back.

SERIOUS FAULTS:

• Convex or sunken nasal bridge.
• Roan all over the body.
• Narrow and shallow rib cage.
• Somehow too elegant appearance.
• Steep and very weak pastern.
• Short legs.

FALTAS DESCALIFICANTES:

• Aggressiveness or extreme shyness.
• Any dog ​​showing clear signs of physical or behavioral abnormalities.
• White or partly white ears,
• White marks around one or both eyes
• Bite: Prognathic or enognathic
• Dogs that are clearly typical for the breed.



N.B.:

• Males must have two normal-appearing testicles fully descended into the scrotum..
• Only functionally and clinically healthy dogs, with the typical conformation of the breed, should be used for parenting.

Source: F.C.I - International Cynological Federation

Alternative names:

1. Drentse Patrijshond, Drent (English).
2. (en néerlandais : Drentse Patrijshond), épagneul à perdrix de Drente, épagneul hollandais de Drente (French).
3. Drentscher Hühnerhund (German).
4. (em neerlandês: Drentsche patrijshond) (Portuguese).
5. Drentsche Patrijshond, Drent (español).

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Dalmatian
Croacia FCI 153 . Related breeds

Dálmata

The Dalmatian of today, are mainly found as companion dogs.

Content

History

The origins of the Dalmatian they are not very clear. Ecclesiastical chronicles of the 18th century suggest that it originated in the eastern Mediterranean basin, and more precisely in the region of the Dalmatian coast (in croatia), where does it get its name from. In these chronicles, the dogs represented are called Canis dalmaticus. Although it is difficult to define who the ancestors of the Dalmatian, some believe that the Great Dane and English Pointer contributed to the creation of the breed.

Some experts believe that this dog – or at least their close relatives – already existed in the time of ancient Egypt, 2000 years before Christ. This hypothesis is based on the drawings found in the tombs of the pharaohs.

But, between the second half of the 18th and 19th centuries, the Dalmatian traveled Europe together with Roma nomads, making its appearance in many countries. In the second half of the 18th century it would have arrived in the United Kingdom, where it really began to be bred and developed. Like this, although its origins appear to be Croatian, it was the UK that gave him his credentials, and that can be considered as his second homeland, so to speak.

During the Victorian England period (1837-1901), attracted the attention of racehorse trainers, who used it to protect horses from predators and thieves and to add a touch of style to their breeding.

At the end of the 19th century, a real selection job was started by some English noblemen who bred him to use as a working dog. In fact, in addition to his role as horse groomer, was able to accompany the horses and carriages that pulled, running in front of them and opening the way for them thanks to the barks that alerted and made the animals and people who were on the road move away. still today, is also recognized with the Dalmatian a particular affinity for the equine population.

During this time, began to be used for many other tasks. In particular, proved to be very competent as a guard dog, but also as a sheepdog, draft dog and even circus dog.

They were imported to the United States probably in the late 18th century, mainly from the UK. There he also distinguished himself as a working dog accompanying the firefighters., running towards the fire upriver from the horses that towed their vehicles, to clear the way. He then kept an eye on his equipment as they tried to control the fire. While this practice has obviously disappeared nowadays, many American fire stations have long maintained a Dalmatian like your pet.

In the early 20th century, the United Kingdom became the reference country for the breed. Some British families were widely recognized for the quality of their upbringing, and many of her puppies were sold all over the world. The Wells family, in particular, would be at the origin of most of the American lines of Dalmatian shipped to the United States at that time.

Today, found primarily as a companion dog. Its appearance makes it particularly recognizable and the cartoons of the Disney movies Los 101 dalmatians (1961) and the 102 dalmatians (2001) contributed greatly to making him famous.

In the United States, the Dalmatian was recognized by the American Kennel Club (AKC) in 1888, and by the United Kennel Club (UKC) in 1914. The International Cynological Federation (FCI) it took much longer, since it was not until 1955 who did the same.

The UK is still probably the most prolific country, at around 1000 new puppies Dalmatian registered each year in the Kennel Club, the reference organization of the country. But, there has been a significant decline, since this figure was just below the 1500 annual births in early 2010. This trend is also observed in other countries., like australia, where the number of annual registrations in the ANKC (Australian National Kennel Club) has gone from almost 1500 mid-decade 1990 to 500 in the news.

In France, the breed is fairly well represented, since every year they are registered with the Société Centrale Canine (SCC) a few 700 individuals, that is to say, around the 0,35% of the total of all races combined. It reached its maximum popularity at the beginning of the 21st century, with more than 800 or even 900 new puppies per year. It was particularly during the decade of 1990 when the breed experienced a pronounced boom, since the number of births per year was only about 250 at the beginning of that period.

In the United States, the Dalmatian occupies about 60th place (out of a total of 190) in the breed classification based on the number of annual registrations with the AKC.

In general, the breed has experienced ups and downs in popularity in recent decades. There are countless families who decided to adopt a Dalmatian after having seen a cartoon and/or a movie in which he appears, before realizing some time later that they weren't actually necessarily made for such a dog …

Physical characteristics

The Dalmatian he is a harmonious and well-proportioned dog. They are muscular and lively, with a symmetrical silhouette and clean lines. His cross is well defined, followed by a powerful straight back. Their loins are lean and muscular, with slightly sloping rump. The chest should not be too wide, but it must reach up to the elbows.

The front legs are perfectly straight and with solid bones. Shoulders are slightly sloping. Hind legs are straight and parallel when viewed from behind. The legs are round, firm and have strong, elastic pads.

The tail reaches approximately to the hock. It is quite strong at the base and then gradually tapers to the tip. The presence in the latter of many stains is sought – that however must be smaller than those of the body – but its absence is also accepted by the standard of the Dalmatian.

Its head is quite long and its skull is flat. The upper lines of the skull and muzzle are parallel. His nose is the same color as his spots, that is to say, black or brown. The muzzle is long and powerful. The jaws are also powerful and scissor-shaped..

The eyes are separated without excess, medium-sized, round and shiny. They give the dog an intelligent and very lively expression. Like the nose, its color depends on the color of the spots, so they can be black or brown.

The ears are quite high and have a fine texture. They are broad at the base and rounded at the tip. They also have many well-defined and preferably numular points, that is to say, round.

The coat of the Dalmatian is short, hard and shiny. It´s, of course, the main distinctive feature of the breed, with its numerical spots, that today are smaller and clearer than a few centuries ago, according to available renderings. But, remain enigmatic, since no one has yet established with certainty where they come from. In any case, the background is always white, and these spots can be black or brown (liver). They must be round and well defined, evenly distributed throughout the body, but the head and tail should be smaller than the others. There are tricolor specimens (white with black spots and liver), but they are not accepted by the breed standard.

Character and skills

Born to run and seemingly endowed with endless energy, the Dalmatian it is one of the most resistant dog breeds. So, is a perfect choice for a sporty owner who dreams, for example, with taking your partner when you go for a run or ride a bike. In fact, this very active dog needs a lot of exercise, and therefore not suitable for apartment living, or even in the city. Need access to a garden or patio, but beware: either at home or on a walk, his instincts for freedom sometimes make him a little runaway. This is even more true if you are not able to get all the exercise you need., plus this can lead to various behavior problems: aggressiveness, stress, destruction of objects, etc.

Friendly, loyal and sensitive by nature, he likes to make his world laugh through many antics, but he also welcomes his masters and friends with a wide smile. Loves to please, rub shoulders with their teachers, follow them everywhere, receive attention, and thus greatly appreciates human contact. It is not an animal that likes to live in its kennel without worrying too much about it: your place is at home. Whether he is left alone or has no place in the room, this family dog ​​can only be unhappy.

Its original and unique coat makes it appreciated by the youngest members of the family. This is a good thing, since it is a breed of dog recommended for children. In addition to his affectionate character and closeness to his family, the fact that he is very active and playful makes him the perfect companion for them. On the other hand, his energy, its large size and rather long tail make it not ideal for younger children, who run the risk of being pushed unintentionally. So, it is better for children to be a certain age. The Dalmatian may also be suitable for retirees, as long as they are active and healthy enough to take it out each day.

Alert and very interested in everything that is around him, makes a good alert dog and warns its owners without fail of the arrival of a person. On the other hand, it's more illusory to expect me to play the watchdog, as it does not show any real aggression or threat to strangers. But, during its history, the Dalmatian was used effectively to guard the houses, but it must be said that its protective instinct gradually faded over the years as its use evolved. It also, when strangers are brought into your home, tends to stay away and not seek too much contact with them, at least initially. In general, although he can be protective when necessary, it is a very friendly dog ​​with humans.

Endowed with a well balanced nature (although sometimes a little stubborn), the Dalmatian still needs to be socialized from an early age, that is to say, getting exposed to many other canine companions, animals, people, sounds and situations. As long as it is done well, can get along with most cats and dogs, whose company you generally enjoy. He also has a special affinity with horses, inherited from your work with them in the past. On the other hand, he has also retained a strong hunting instinct from his ancestors and loves to catch birds, Rats, tops, mice or other rodents. So, it is better to keep an eye on him in situations where he comes into contact with them, and of course prevent me from trying to live with them.

«Dalmatian» Education

Its origins as a fire dog make the Dalmatian a reactive being. Not particularly difficult to train, but it is wise to instill the basics early, in a gentle but strict way. In effect, may have a tendency to be stubborn and take over from a beginner or insecure owner who does not have the opportunity to be trained.

Endowed with an excellent memory, very responsive, eager to please and grateful for rewards, it is particularly suitable for canine training methods based on positive reinforcement, like clicker training. To an old circus dog, loves to learn tricks and show off his clown skills.

Cubs Dalmatian, otherwise, often tend to adopt destructive behaviors, for example, chew on objects they find or dig holes in the garden. Here, too, he must be shown from a young age which attitudes are desirable and which are not.. If they are allowed to, they will soon learn bad habits, how do they do with the good guys.

Last, socialization that begins at an early age is a guarantee of successful adaptation to any type of situation that you may encounter later in life. Is naturally sociable, but as with any dog, it is better to teach him as soon as possible to react calmly to as many scenarios as possible.

“Dalmatian” toilet

The Dalmatian it is quite easy to care, but it is important to know that she loses hair constantly and has a strong seasonal fall twice a year, in spring and autumn. During these periods, it is recommended to brush the dog every day. Outside, one or two brushings per week is enough, although some homeowners choose to brush more frequently to minimize the amount of hair in the house.

In any case, not suitable for people who cannot bear to find hair everywhere in their house: not only loses hair all the time, but that its hair is rigid and easily lodges in the fabrics, so it can be difficult to remove it from clothes and sofas, for example.

Having said that, apart from this significant hair loss, the Dalmatian they are pretty clean dogs, with a not very dirty coat and do not develop a strong body odor. It also, as its fur is short, it is not normally necessary to have your dog professionally groomed.

It is also not particularly necessary to bathe your dog regularly., unless, of course, be really dirty, for example, after a trip outdoors. Apart from this special case, a bath once or twice a year is more than enough.

But, as in all breeds of dogs with floppy ears, special care must be taken to avoid the risk of infection. Weekly cleaning is ideal, in addition to cleaning after each outdoor activity in wet areas, for example.

It is not normally necessary to trim the claws of a Dalmatian if you regularly spend time outdoors, since natural wear and tear is usually sufficient. But, in the case of less active individuals, they need to be trimmed as soon as they protrude from the pads, that is to say, on average once a month.

Last, as with any dog, it is advisable to take care of your eyes once a week to avoid any risk of irritation or infection.

Health «Dalmatian»

The Dalmatian generally in good health. But, like any race, is more prone to certain problems, often hereditary in this case. So, when a Dalmatian, it is useful to ask the breeder for the results of the health tests carried out on both parents.

One of the main risks to which you are exposed is that of hereditary deafness, the more so since no lineage seems to be safe. If around the 5% of puppies become completely deaf at 6 weeks old (after a short period of time in which they are able to hear), puppies are even more likely to become completely deaf in one ear. Its percentage is quite difficult to define, as often the adopter or owner is unaware of the problem unless they test their partner's hearing. In fact, a dog that is deaf in one ear shows more or less the same reflexes and reactions to sounds and situations as a normal individual. But, some doctors have already investigated the problem. According to several studies carried out over the years 90, the percentage of Dalmatian deaf in one ear is around 20%. The doctor. Bruce Cattanach, who published a review of his work entitled "The dilemma of Dalmatian: "white coat color and deafness" in the Journal of Small Animal Practice in 1999.

In any case, cannot be tested at birth. A puppy, regardless of race, always born with closed external ear canals. They open around the 12th to 16th day of life, so only then can you test the audition. In the dalmatian, deafness appears before 6 weeks of age. It is caused by a deterioration of the organ of Corti (organ of auditory perception) and appears to be caused by the genes that cause its white color. It can be detected with the help of a test from the 6 weeks of age, and this is what any serious breeder of Dalmatian. Deaf individuals are obviously excluded from reproduction.

Representatives of this breed can also suffer from urolithiasis (or bladder stones), a disease caused by a peculiarity of the urinary system of the Dalmatianto. Urine from Dalmatian contains a particularly high level of uric acid. This acid carries an increased risk of stone formation and makes the urinary system more fragile and sensitive than that of other breeds. This disease can even be fatal if the situation evolves towards a total obstruction of the urinary ducts. So, it is important to make sure that the Dalmatian urinate regularly and without difficulty, and always have easy access to fresh water. To avoid vital diagnosis of the animal, the disease should be detected as soon as possible, and treatment by a veterinarian should follow immediately.

It also, many representatives of the breed suffer from skin allergies. They can be of food origin, in which case, the problem food can simply be eliminated from the dog's diet. They can also be contact allergies, that is to say, caused by a direct reaction to certain substances intended for dogs, as flea treatments, dog shampoos and other chemicals. Last, the Dalmatian may suffer from inhalation allergies, caused for example by pollen, dust or mold. Often accompanied by ear infections. Treatment can be prescribed by a veterinarian, depending on the severity of the reactions.

Like many large breeds, the Dalmatian they can also suffer from hip dysplasia, an inherited disease that causes an imperfect insertion of the femur into the pelvic cavity of the hip joint. Some affected people experience pain and lameness in one or two of the hind legs, but in others it is impossible to perceive any symptoms. As the dog ages, osteoarthritis problems can also develop. Fortunately, there is a test that can detect individuals with dysplasia, in order to exclude them from breeding (and even from the sale, in case of early detection). To minimize the risk, anyone wanting to adopt a puppy Dalmatian should, therefore, ask the breeder about the results of the test in question.

This breed is also more affected by laryngeal paralysis, that can occur at a young age. It is a paralysis of the muscles that allow the larynx to open and close during breathing.. The main consequence of this disease is the limitation of the animal's ability to breathe, that is to say, breathing difficulties. While for many breeds this problem mainly affects older individuals, the Dalmatian you risk being affected much sooner. This problem can be easily solved with a surgical operation..

The Dalmatian You may also be a victim of an inherited eye disease called iris sphincter dysplasia. Quite rare, causes a pronounced sensitivity to bright light, poor night vision and partial or even total blindness of the dog.

Finally, is a dog sensitive to extreme cold. So, must absolutely live indoors in cold regions and/or when temperatures drop sharply in winter.

“Dalmatian” use

Today, they are primarily active and long-lived companion dogs who love to accompany their owners outdoors, for example, during jogging or cycling. They can also be used as an alert dog, but not much more than that: his skills as a watchdog are a far cry from what they used to be.

He is also an excellent competitor in canine sports that require his great physical abilities., like agility, the flyball or the Frisbee.

Buy a “Dalmatian”

The price of a puppy Dalmatian it obviously depends on the kennel it comes from, its origins and its morphological qualities. On average it is 700 EUR, but it can go up to 1000 EUR.

The price of a female is usually significantly higher than that of a male. Like this, within the same litter, it is not uncommon to see a difference of 200 euros between the two sexes.

Characteristics "Dalmatian"

Coexistence is important that you have with your new friend. Before considering the acquisition of a dog of the breed "Dalmatian" you know certain factors. Not all breeds of dogs are apt to live in an apartment, you must take into account his character, their need for exercise, their interaction with other pets, their care and if you have small children, their level of tolerance towards them.

Adaptation ⓘ

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friendly dog ​​ⓘ

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hair loss ⓘ

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Affection level ⓘ

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Need for exercise ⓘ

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Social need ⓘ

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Home ⓘ

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Toilet ⓘ

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Friendly with strangers ⓘ

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barking ⓘ

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Health ⓘ

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Intelligence ⓘ

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Surveillance ⓘ

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joy ⓘ

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Images "Dalmatian"

Photos:

1 – Dalmatian in full search by Biel1973, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons
2 – Photo taken in Peru with a camera by Jesus Emerson H.., CC BY-SA 2.5, via Wikimedia Commons
3 – A Dalmatian puppy breed by Technological wizard, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons
4 – A dalmatian dog by Oliver10203040 at Italian Wikipedia, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons
5 – Dalmatian jumping by Biel1973, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons
6 – Dalmatiner by Heinz Höfling, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons

Videos "Dalmatian"

Type and recognitions:

  • FCI CLASSIFICATION:
  • Group :
  • Section : . .

Federations:

  • FCI – Group 6: Scent hounds, and related breeds. – Section 3: Related breeds.
  • AKC – Non-Sporting
  • ANKC – Group 7 (Non-Sporting) (Hounds)
  • CKC – Group 6 – Non-Sporting
  • ​KC – Non-Sporting
  • NZKC – Non-Sporting
  • UKC – Companion Breeds

FCI breed standard "Dalmatian"

Origin:
Croatia

Date of publication of the valid original standard:
13.10.2010

Use:

Hunting dog. Companion dog, of family, easy to train for various purposes.



General appearance:

This is a well balanced dog, distinctively mottled, strong, muscular and active. Symmetrical profile, free from coarseness and heaviness of movement, As an old car dog it is capable of great endurance and good speed.

important proportions

  • The relationship between the length of the body and the height at the withers is approximately 10:9.
  • The relationship between the length of the skull and the length of the muzzle is 1:1.


Behavior / temperament:

Sociable and friendly, never shy or reserved, free from nervousness and aggressiveness.

Head:

Good length.

Cranial region:
  • Skull:Plano, quite wide between the ears, with well defined temporal area. Underdeveloped frontal sulcus. Completely wrinkle free.
  • Depression links (Stop):Moderately well defined.

facial region:

  • Truffle:Always black in the black speckled variety, in the liver-colored speckled variety always brown.
  • Snout:Long and powerful, never pointed. The nasal cannula is straight and parallel to the upper line of the skull.
  • Lips:Thin, well adjusted to the jaws, never hanging. Full pigmentation is desired.
  • Jaws/Teeth:Strong jaws with a perfect, regular scissor bite, that is, the upper incisors closely overlap the lower ones and are implanted vertically in the maxilla. A complete denture with 42 Dental parts (according to the dog's dental formula) is desired. The teeth are well proportioned, regular and white.

Eyes:Moderately spaced apart, medium-sized, round, shiny and sparkling, smart and alert expression. Dark brown in the variety with black spots, light brown to amber in the liver-spotted variety. The edge of the eyelids should be completely black in the black-spotted variety and completely liver-colored in the liver-spotted variety.. The edge of the eyelids must be well glued on the eyeball.

Ears:Set rather high, medium-sized, rather wide at the base. Carried close to the head, gradually tapering to a rounded tip. Texture fine. Bien outlined spots, preferably mottled.

Neck:

Long, well arched, thinning to the head; double chin free.

Body:

  • Cross:Well defined.
  • Back:Powerful, straight.
  • Pork loin:Very muscular with dry muscles, slightly arched.
  • Rump:Very little inclined.
  • Breast :Not too wide, but deep and large capacity; must reach up to the elbows. Seen from the side the sill is clearly visible. Well proportioned ribs, long, well bowed, never flat, cramped or deformed.
  • Flanks:Narrow.
  • bottom line:Quite withdrawn up to the back.

Tail:

Reaches approximately to the hock. Strong at its roots, slimming to tip, free of roughness. Insertion neither too high nor too low. At rest it falls with a slight upward curve in the last third of the tail. In motion she is carried higher, slightly higher than the top line, but never stood (elegre) the tangled. Preferably speckled.

Tips

Former members

Perfectly straight, with strong bones and rounded from top to bottom.

  • Shoulder:Moderately oblique, crisp and muscular.
  • Elbows:Close to the body, neither turned in nor out.
  • Carpi:Strong, slightly elastic.

Later members

Rounded, muscular, clear; seen from the back, they are parallel and vertical.

  • Knees:Well angulated.
  • Legs:Strong.
  • Hock angulation:Strong, well angled.

Pies

Round, compact, with well arched toes (cat feet). Round pads, hard and elastic. Black or white nails in the variety with black spots, brown or white in the liver-spotted variety.

Movement:

Great freedom of movement: regular, powerful and rhythmic action with long steps and good push of the hind limbs. Seen from the back, limbs move in parallel lines, the later ones following the previous ones in a single plane. A short range pass or limbs drifting laterally are incorrect.

Mantle

Fur: Short, hard, dense, smooth and shiny.

Color: Pure white background color. In the variety with black spots, the spots are black; in the variety with liver spots, the spots are liver-brown. Without mixing with each other, but round, they are well defined and as well distributed as possible; size 2-3 cm in diameter. The spots on the head, tail and limbs are smaller.



Size and weight:

Balance sheet is of utmost importance.

Height to the cross

  • Males:56–61 cm.
  • females:54–59 cm.

Weight

  • Males:approximately 27-32 kg.
  • females:approximately 24-29 kg.


Fouls:

Any deviation from the above criteria is considered missing and the seriousness is considered to the extent of the deviation to the standard.

  • Tan spots (transient bronze-colored discoloration of black spots.

ELIMINATING fAULTS

  • Aggressive or fearful dog.
  • High or low prognathism.
  • Ectropión, entropion, zarco eye, different colored eyes (heterochromia).
  • Blue eyes.
  • Deafness.
  • Delimited patch near one eye (monocle) or patches on the body (however admissible for breeding).
  • Tricolor dog (black spots and liver in the same specimen).
  • Lemon color (lemon or orange spots).
  • Very shy or aggressive behavior.

Any dog ​​showing clear signs of physical or behavioral abnormalities must be disqualified..



N.B.:

Males should have two normal-appearing testicles fully descended into the scrotum..

Source: F.C.I - International Cynological Federation

Alternative names:

1. Carriage Dog, Firehouse Dog, Plum Pudding Dog, Spotted Coach Dog, Leopard Carriage Dog (English).
2. Dalmatinac (French).
3. (kroatisch Dalmatinac) (German).
4. (em croata: Dalmatinac) (Portuguese).
5. Perro Bombero (español).

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Norwegian Hound (Dunker)
Noruega FCI 203 - Medium-sized Hounds

Norwegian Hound

The Norwegian Hound (Dunker) is found only in its country of origin and is virtually unknown outside its borders.

Content

History

The Norwegian Hound was originally called Dunker, in honor of the Norwegian captain and breeder Wilhelm Conrad Dunker (1806-1860), who established the first breed standard in 1850. During the first half of the 19th century, there was a large population of hounds in norway, including various types used for hare hunting. Wilhelm Dunker selected those with the keenest sense of smell and crossed them with a Russian Harlequin Hound to produce a versatile hound, able to hunt rabbits and hares by smell rather than sight, and tough enough to withstand the harsh weather conditions of Norway.

In 1902 was founded the Norsk Harehundklub, a club dedicated to hounds. That same year the hounds were divided into two main groups, known today as Dunker y Hygenhounds. The first was the most numerous and included local dogs from all over the country., providing a wide and varied breeding base.

Although Norway was less affected by World War II than other European countries, the demand for these dogs dropped dramatically, which made it difficult for the breeders to continue their work properly. As a result, the number of specimens decreased significantly.

After the conflict is over, the Dunker regained some popularity and was officially recognized by the Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI) in 1956.

But, this bounce was only short lived: lost ground again from the decade of 1970, due to competition from foreign breeds of hunting dogs imported into the country.

Things did not improve much in the 80, to the point that inbreeding problems began to appear. In fact, the decline in its population led many breeders to resort to inbreeding to continue breeding. This led to a high rate of congenital deafness.. For this reason, in 1987, the breeding committee Norwegian Hound asked the Norsk Kennel Klubb (NKK), the reference canine organization in Norway, permission to cross the Dunker with other races, but they denied it. But, how things did not improve much, the NKK finally gave his approval for some crosses two years later. This resulted in a more varied and healthy genetic makeup, while maintaining the characteristic traits of the breed.

The United Kennel Club (UKC) recognized it in 1996. But, the other American reference organization, the American Kennel Club (AKC), has not done the same to this day – nor does the neighboring Canadian Kennel Club (CKC) or the prestigious British Kennel Club (KC). In fact, at the global level, recognition of the breed is still quite partial.

It's the same for broadcast. Even in the other Scandinavian countries, is almost absent, with the exception of Sweden, where the Svenska Kennelklubben records a number of births each year that can be counted on the fingers of one hand, compared to around twenty in the early nineties. In France, not a single entry was made in the Book of French Origins (LOF) during the first two decades of the 21st century.

In Norway, The number of Dunkers recorded each year in the NKK has been around 150 since the mid-decade 2000. But, this marks a halving of the number compared to the change in years 90. This limited number is partly explained by the deafness problem present in this breed.: almost the 75% of its population suffers from deafness.

Photo: A Norwegian Hound by Canarian, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons

Physical characteristics «Norwegian hound (Dunker)»

The Norwegian Hound It is a medium-sized dog distinguished by its long, well-proportioned body, his energetic and clear walk and his light weight. They have solid bones, giving an impression of strength and endurance. The back is straight, firm and long enough to give length to the rib cage. Lets on strong, dry front legs. The tail is wide and thick at the base and tapers at the tip. Descends to the hock or slightly protrudes from the hock.

Dunker
Dunker

Quite long, its head is characterized by a slightly domed skull and a marked stop. Located at half height, the ears are flat, without folds, hanging and soft to the touch. medium width, taper towards its tip, which is rounded. Its mouth has scissor-shaped teeth dominated by a square, well-developed snout., a black nose and wide nostrils.

His eyes are round, large and very penetrating. Although they are usually dark in color, there are also individuals with one or two blue eyes, a characteristic that is associated with an increased risk of deafness. Minnow eyes are allowed in blue individuals (variegated). Regardless of the color of the eyes, the eyes express calm and seriousness.

The coat of the Dunker consists of short hair, hard, tight and dense. Its coloration is a distinctive sign of the breed: they are either black with light fawn and white spots, or blue merle (¿bigarros?) and mottled with light fawn and white spots. Jet black coats with dark tawny markings are less desirable, and those in which white predominates (to the point of representing at least the 50% Of the surface) are considered undesirable by the norm.

Last, sexual dimorphism is not very marked in this breed: males and females are quite similar in size and weight.

Life expectancy: 12 years of age.

Size of Norwegian Hound

    – female weight: Of 24 to 25 kg
    – Male weight: Of 24 to 25 kg
    – female size: Of 47 to 53 cm.
    – Male size: Of 50 to 55 cm.

Character and skills «Norwegian Hound (Dunker)»

The Norwegian Hound is a fast and tenacious hunter with an above-average olfactory ability. They excel particularly in hunting hare and rabbit.

Being also gentle, loving, cheerful and friendly, they have all the qualities required to be an excellent companion dog. balanced, patients, tolerant and devoid of aggressiveness, they are very good playmates for children. But, it is important to note that a dog should never be left alone with a small child without adult supervision, and this applies to all races.

His total lack of aggressiveness and his attraction to humans, even for those you don't know, make it totally impossible to use as a guard dog. In effect, not reserved at all, shy, fearful or aggressive with strangers, rather they tend to welcome them positively and trust them. They are more likely to greet a malicious person with curiosity and licking them rather than barking to warn their master or make them understand that they better go their way.

His sociability extends to other dogs too. So, it is quite possible to share a house with a dog companion without fearing that conflict situations will multiply, and is generally friendly with those he meets on his walks.

With cats and other animals, things are a little more complicated. His hunting instinct naturally leads him to chase any small furry animal that is not part of the canine species.. Although he has grown up with him and must consider his little companion as a member of the family and not as a potential prey, risk can never be ruled out, so it is better to avoid such cohabitation. As for those that can be found on your walks, you probably want to chase them. So, it is preferable to keep it on a leash during excursions, to avoid any accident.

Dunker
Dunker

In any case, the fear that it will chase other animals does not mean that you should not take it out enough each day, knowing that you need a lot of activity to spend your great energy. Need at least 45 minutes of exercise per day, but his stamina makes him happy to go further if given the chance. It also, it is preferable to vary the pleasures to allow him to fully expend his energy: long walks, run through the park, sports with dogs, etc. Sports that require running (like canicross) and those that appeal to your senses (like tracking) they are the most recommended. In fact, this dog is very happy when he has to mobilize his physical and mental capacities. In any case, in addition to allowing you to exercise, all these activities reinforce the relationship with his master, which is especially important if you are hearing impaired.

From the above it follows that the Dunker not suitable for an elderly or very sedentary person, that I couldn't give you all the exercise you need. The ideal for him is a master of sport, and willing to take his partner in his various activities. Retirees may be right for him, if they are active enough.

In any case, life in the city is not ideal for him, that needs large spaces to fully develop. A house with a garden in the country is a much more appropriate environment to live in.. But, it is important to ensure that the garden is well fenced and that the environment is safe, as his instincts and hunting instincts soon lead him to follow leads and flee.

Once your need for exercise is satisfied, the Norwegian Hound has an easy and docile character; is far from being as stubborn as many hunting dog breeds. But, your sense of smell can make training difficult, as he is easily distracted by a scent and not really responsive to his master's commands.

Their propensity to bark can also be quite annoying. He is particularly prone to doing it if his master is away for a long time without having given him any exercise beforehand and without having the means to do it himself.. In fact, inactivity can be a burden and cause those behavior problems, as well as destruction, for example. But, as long as you have something to take care of in the absence of your family, not the type of dog that suffers a lot from separation anxiety.

Education «Norwegian Hound (Dunker)»

Like all the other hounds, the Norwegian Hound must be socialized from an early age. In other words, so that he becomes a balanced adult and has no trouble finding his place, should be given without delay a maximum of opportunities to meet all kinds of humans (veterinary, neighbors, delivery man, etc.), Other animals, but also to face various noises, smells and situations. This is even more important since he is easily distracted by his sense of smell..

The rules established in your education should also be taught to you from an early age, when your ability to learn and docility are at their best. As with any race, bad habits pick up quickly when he's still a puppy and become real problems when he gets older.

In any case, the Dunker it is a breed of dog that is easy to train and that listens to its master, as long as he uses a dog-friendly training method. Treatments generally prove to be very effective in positively reinforcing your good deeds and facilitating learning. But, sometimes it is necessary to show firmness and affirm your own authority to prevent this dogged dog from doing what he pleases. It can also be difficult to get their attention., given their tendency to be distracted by their sense of smell.

Since it has a strong inclination to follow its nose and to chase passing small animals, Teaching your dog to call back is especially important to avoid the risk of a frantic tug on the leash or running away if it moves freely.

It may also be helpful to try to teach him to channel his propensity to bark.. But, as it is deeply ingrained in him, should not be expected to be the calmest of dogs. If it is impossible to make him understand that some things do not necessarily require him to bark, at least he can be taught to stop on command.

Last, if the dog is deaf from birth, as is the case with a significant fraction of the representatives of the breed, the master must obviously adapt to this restriction: Training a deaf dog is not done in the same way as training another dog that is able to hear its master's voice.. Trust is then even more crucial in the relationship between the animal and its master., so that you can learn and live in good conditions despite your disability. Of course, communication is then done through non-verbal communication, and it's up to the teacher to adopt explicit body language, based on gestures and precise mimicry, specific for each indication you want to give.

Health «Norwegian Hound (Dunker)»

The Norwegian Hound is very resistant, generally have excellent health and very good longevity.

Used to living in harsh Norwegian weather, can tolerate cold and damp without difficulty. Their coat is naturally waterproof and offers good protection from the elements. On the other hand, shows some intolerance to high temperatures, even if it is able to adapt to a Mediterranean climate. You simply need to lighten up your activities during hot flashes, or at least privilege those that are carried out inside, to ensure that you always have access to a place in the shade or even air conditioning and to avoid any excessive physical exertion in the hottest hours.

Its small population and its limited diffusion prevent a very important deterioration of health, but it has been shown that it is predisposed to certain problems:

  • deafness, what is a hereditary disease. According to the Orthopedic Foundation for Animals (OFA), almost the 75% of the population of the breed is today deaf in at least one, if not both ears;
  • hip dysplasia, a joint malformation that may be characterized by a hereditary predisposition. It can cause joint pain as well as difficulty moving;
  • Elbow dysplasia, which can also be favored by a hereditary predisposition. It is painful and leads to difficulty moving and the development of osteoarthritis;
  • progressive retinal atrophy, a hereditary and incurable eye disease. Causes loss of night vision first, then loss of daytime vision, to the point that the dog becomes totally blind;
  • Demodecic scabies, a contagious parasitic disease that causes itching and true discomfort to the dog, gradually losing appetite and sleep;
  • ear infections (otitis, etc.), due to its hanging shape.
  • It also, individuals used for hunting are exposed to the various risks associated with this activity: wounds, parasites, thorns, etc.

    It also, the Dunker has a strong appetite. How it is usually active, this is not usually a problem. But, if it is not, soon becomes overweight.

    Given the hereditary conditions to which the breed is predisposed, the breeder's work plays a decisive role in the adoption of a Norwegian Hound that he is in perfect health and that he will probably remain so. In addition to the results of genetic tests performed on the parents and the puppy to reduce the risk of such diseases, every serious and responsible breeder must be able to present a certificate of good health established by a veterinarian, as well as documents related to the vaccines administered.

    It also, when the dog is small and still growing, your bones and joints are particularly fragile: therefore, any excessively intense or prolonged physical exercise should be avoided, since I could pay it off one day or another, with potentially permanent sequelae (malformations, etc.).

    Last, it is necessary to consult a veterinarian at least once a year to ensure that the dog is in good health or, on the other hand, to be able to detect as soon as possible any problem whose symptoms are not yet visible. This health check is also an opportunity to carry out your immunization reminders, which are another essential lever to keep the dog in good health. Still on the prevention registry, it is the owner's responsibility to renew the antiparasitic treatments whenever necessary throughout the year, so your partner is never unprotected.

    Care and maintenance «Norwegian Hound»

    A tough breed, the Norwegian Hound do not require much maintenance.

    But, they lose a lot of hair, so brushing your hair twice a week is not too much to help remove dead hairs and keep it in good condition. During their molting periods in spring and fall, when it should be done more often (even daily) to prevent hair growth throughout the house.

    Since his hair is not very dirty and therefore does not have a strong odor, bathing him two or three times a year is generally sufficient. In any case, a too frequent bath will make the sebum naturally present on the skin disappear, insulates and protects it from the elements. Having said that, do not hesitate to give him a bath if he has gotten very dirty, for example during a particularly muddy hunting trip. In any case, you can only use a shampoo specially designed for dogs, at the risk of damaging your skin.

    Dunker
    Dunker

    The ears, on the other hand, require special attention, since its hanging shape implies an increased risk of infections (ear infections, etc.). They must be cleaned every week with a damp cloth or a cleaning product specially designed for this purpose.. They should also be dried after each bath or after a long period of time in a damp place..

    Their eyes they must also be examined weekly and cleaned if necessary with a damp cloth.

    It is also necessary to brush the teeth of your dog every week or even every day to avoid the formation of dental plaque and its possible consequences (bad breath, diseases, etc.). A toothpaste specially designed for dogs should always be used.

    It also, it is important to regularly check your dog's claws to make sure they are not getting too long and to trim them if this is the case. This could not only hinder your walking, but you could also break and potentially injure yourself at the same time. Having said that, while you're active and spending long hours outdoors, natural wear and tear is usually enough to file them.

    To know how to proceed during maintenance sessions, it is useful to benefit from the experience of a veterinarian or a groomer the first time. In fact, whether the various procedures for grooming the coat, the ears, the eyes, your pet's teeth or claws are not done properly, not only will satisfactory results not be obtained, but the owner may even injure or injure his pet. It also, the owner should get used to his pet very soon, so that throughout his life he accepts to be manipulated without being rebellious.

    It also, when your pet returns from a long time in the wild, it is a good idea to systematically take a little time to inspect it carefully: parasites, spikes or dirt may have gotten into their fur, and may also have been injured.

    What price does a “Norwegian Hound” cost?

    In Norway, a puppy Dunker It costs around 7000 Norwegian crowns (a few 650 EUR). The sale price varies from one individual to another depending on the prestige of the breeding, the lineage of the dog and its intrinsic characteristics.

    Since the breed does not have a wide international distribution, it is almost impossible to find a breeder of it outside of its country of origin.

    So, whether you are in France, Belgium, Switzerland, Canada or elsewhere, who wants to adopt a Norwegian Hound you must opt ​​for the import solution. In this case, keep in mind that transportation and administrative costs are added to the purchase price and, of course, you must respect the regulations to import a dog from abroad.

    Characteristics "Norwegian Hound (Dunker)"

    Coexistence is important that you have with your new friend. Before considering the acquisition of a dog of the breed "Norwegian Hound (Dunker)" you know certain factors. Not all breeds of dogs are apt to live in an apartment, you must take into account his character, their need for exercise, their interaction with other pets, their care and if you have small children, their level of tolerance towards them.

    Adaptation ⓘ

    2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    friendly dog ​​ⓘ

    4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    hair loss ⓘ

    4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Affection level ⓘ

    4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Need for exercise ⓘ

    4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Social need ⓘ

    4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Home ⓘ

    4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Toilet ⓘ

    2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Friendly with strangers ⓘ

    4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    barking ⓘ

    4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Health ⓘ

    4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Territorial ⓘ

    4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Cat friendly ⓘ

    2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Intelligence ⓘ

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Versatility ⓘ

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Child friendly ⓘ

    4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Surveillance ⓘ

    2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    joy ⓘ

    4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Videos "Norwegian Hound (Dunker)"

    norwegian hound (Dunker) - Breed of dog
    Sabueso Noruego (Dunker) – Raza de Perro
    Dunker 🐶🐾 Everything Dog Breeds 🐾🐶
    Dunker ?? Everything Dog Breeds ??

    Type and recognitions:

    • FCI CLASSIFICATION:
    • Group :
    • Section : . .

    Federations:

    • FCI – Group 6: Scent hounds, and related breeds. – Section 1.2: Medium-sized Hounds.
    • UKCScenthounds

    FCI breed standard "Norwegian Hound (Dunker)"

    Origin:
    Norway

    Date of publication of the valid original standard:
    12.03.1999

    Use:

    Hound



    General appearance:

    Medium-sized; obviously rectangular, strong structure, without giving the impression of being heavy. Must show the ability to be tenacious and resilient.

    IMPORTANT PROPORTIONS :
    The depth of the chest should be approximately half the length of the height at the withers.



    Behavior / temperament:

    The Norwegian Hound is considered the tough and robust trail dog of the old days., a dog with an excellent temperament. The breed is characterized by nerves of steel and for being especially sociable and trusting.. They are known to have performed well in hunting tests.. In this way, They can be characterized as an excellent combination of a hunting and companion dog.. Due to his good temperament and open character, the breed is also easy to train.

    Head:

    You should not carry it high. Clean, carried with dignity, with good length and parallel lines, non-cuneiform.

    Cranial region:
    • Skull : Slightly bulky, prominent occipital protuberance. If the snout is long and well developed, the skull is allowed to be wider, especially in males, as long as it does not lose its parallel planes.
    • Depression links (Stop) : Marked, but not deep or abrupt.

    facial region:

    • Truffle : black, well open Windows.
    • Snout : Rather long than short, square cut. Straight and evenly wide nose cane.
    • Jaws / Teeth : Scissor bite. Complete denture.
    • Cheeks : clean, no prominent cheekbones.

    Eyes : dark colored, round, rather big, but not outstanding. Expressive eyes, brilliant intelligence, calm and gravity. Close-fitting eyelids. Doe eyes are allowed in «Blue merle» dogs.

    Ears : Medium implementation, rather low than high. soft, moderate width, tapering towards the rounded tip. Flat, without folds. Hanging close to the face. Long enough to reach the middle of the snout when stretched forward.

    Neck:

    Relatively long, no visible double chin.

    Body:

    • top line : Level.
    • Back : Straight, firm and not too long.
    • Loins : Wide and well muscled, not convex.
    • Rump : With a slight drop, well muscled, not too short.
    • Breast : Large capacity, with well arched ribs; the last ribs must be particularly well developed, making the chest look long.
    • Bottom line and abdomen : Slightly gathered.

    Tail:

    Implementation at the top line level. Thick at its root, tapering towards the tip. It should be straight and carried with a slight upward curvature; reaching to the hock or a little below it.

    Tips

    PREVIOUS MEMBERS :

    • As a whole : Strong, thin and sinewy.
    • Shoulder : Muscular, wide and inclined scapula, well attached to the trunk; tips of shoulder blades close together at the top. Well-angled shoulder and elbow joints.
    • Arm : Straight.
    • Metacarpus : Slightly inclined.
    • Front feet : Closed and arched fingers with a lot of fur between them. Durable pads. Feet should point forward.

    LATER MEMBERS :

    • As a whole : Well angled, parallel in standing position. Without being too angled or with a "cow" hock.
    • Thigh : Large.
    • Knee : Well angled.Leg : Wide.
    • Hocks : Thin and low position, wide if seen from the side.
    • Rear feet : Like the front feet.

    Movement:

    Libre, with good scope. The extremities, views from behind, they are parallel; without cow hocks and without being too angled.

    Mantle

    HAIR : Straight, hard, dense and not very short. The back of the thighs and tail may have more hair, as long as the rest of the body has good fur.

    COLOR : Black or "Blue merle" with pale fawn or whitish markings. The intense brown or predominantly black color, reaching from the snout lower than the hocks with a so-called mask is less desirable. When the white, increasing too much, reaches below the shoulders to the lower belly or to the feet (socks), These are correct and accepted brands.



    Size and weight:

    Height to the cross:

    • Males: 50-58 cm., ideal 52-54cm
    • females: 47-54cm., ideal 49-51 cm..


    Fouls:

    Any deviation from the aforementioned criteria is considered as a fault and the severity of this is considered to the degree of the deviation to the standard and its consequences on the health and well-being of the dog..

    • When in black or light fawn dogs the white reaches the middle of the back, or if blue-merle dogs show white markings, The rating of these dogs should be decreased in proportion to the extent of the target's extent..

    MISS PLAYOFFS :

    • Aggressiveness.
    • Predominantly white color (50% or more).

    Any dog ​​showing clear signs of physical or behavioral abnormalities must be disqualified..



    N.B.:

    Males should have two normal-appearing testicles fully descended into the scrotum..

    Source: F.C.I - International Cynological Federation

    Alternative names:

    1. Dunker (English).
    2. Dunker (French).
    3. Dunkerbracke, Dunkerlaufhund (German).
    4. Dunker (Portuguese).
    5. Cazador noruego, Dunker, Sabueso de Dunker (español).

    ▷ The world of Pets: Dogs, cats, birds, reptiles, amphibians

    Dachshund
    Germany FCI 148 - Dachshund

    Even if you have it as a companion dog, the Dachshund still a passionate hunting dog, persistent, fine and agile nose.

    Teckel

    Content

    Characteristics "Dachshund"

    Coexistence is important that you have with your new friend. Before considering the acquisition of a dog of the breed "Dachshund" you know certain factors. Not all breeds of dogs are apt to live in an apartment, you must take into account his character, their need for exercise, their interaction with other pets, their care and if you have small children, their level of tolerance towards them.

    Adaptation ⓘ

    5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    friendly dog ​​ⓘ

    2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    hair loss ⓘ

    1,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Affection level ⓘ

    5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Need for exercise ⓘ

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Social need ⓘ

    4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Home ⓘ

    4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Toilet ⓘ

    2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Friendly with strangers ⓘ

    2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    barking ⓘ

    5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Health ⓘ

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Territorial ⓘ

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Cat friendly ⓘ

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Intelligence ⓘ

    4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Versatility ⓘ

    2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Child friendly ⓘ

    2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Surveillance ⓘ

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    joy ⓘ

    5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    History

    The Dachshund he is a very special dog, not only because of its unique appearance. Even today it is still a versatile hunting dog and of course a family dog.. It is probably the only small dog that is still regularly used for work.. In times past it was called "Dachshund» and that remains their official breed name today. The specialty of Sausage dog, what hunters like to call it, is hunting.

    The Dachshund He was sent to the caves to take a badger from its burrow. He was not to fear that great defensive marten that, After all, he could easily counter the brave with twice his weight. Dachshund in the battle. Even today the Dachshund are still used for hunting foxes and rabbits. It also, demonstrates himself in the search and in the work of sweat.

    Today, the Dachshund is one of the most popular hunting dogs in Germany and many other countries. And it is also one of the most popular companion dogs. Since primitive times, the low-breasted sausage has been bred as a hunting dog. They are already shown in the photos of the ancient Egyptians. As early as the Middle Ages, dogs were described and painted that look almost exactly like our own. dachshunds from today. Also the purposes were the same.

    The Dachshund It is one of the dog breeds that were and continue to be the most resistant and one of which for the longest time has been entrusted with a task at the service of man. With the emergence of modern dog breeding, the modern Dachshund was born in germany. Already in 1888 the German Club of Dachshund. It is the oldest sausage breeding club and the second oldest purebred dog club in Germany.

    Dachshund normal
    Dachshund standard variety

    There are three varieties of Dachshunds according to the size which in turn are subdivided each into three subvarieties depending on the length of their fur:

    1 – Standard

    • to – Longhair
    • b – shorthair
    • c – Wire-haired

    Dachshund Miniature
    Miniature dachshund

    2 – Miniature

    • to – Longhair
    • b – shorthair
    • c – Wire-haired

    3 – Rabbit Dachshund

    • to – Longhair
    • b – shorthair
    • c – Wire-haired
    Rabbit Dachshund
    Dachshund for rabbit hunting

    It is said that the spaniels were bred in the past by the long-haired dachshund, while the hard-haired Teckel had a terrier between its ancestors.

    What is your correct name: Teckel, Dachshund o Dackel?

    All three names are correct. Name "Dahshunt» (derived from badger), late middle ages, became "Dächsel» at the beginning of the 18th century, in the second half of that century in «Teckel» in northern Germany and later, towards the end of the 19th century – as a short tiny shape – «Dackel«.

    Physical characteristics

    The main external feature of the Dachshund it's his downfall, called chondrodystrophy. This chondrodystrophy is a mutation of the cartilage that, among other things, produces dwarfism in long bones. This has been established in ancient times and maybe even before that., since such dogs are very useful for humans. These may include, both hunting and working in tight spaces. The humble character of Dachshund is combined with an elongated and slim body.

    The Dachshund is bred in two lines: as a hunting dog and as a companion dog. In the line of companion dogs also move lovers of dog shows, where it's over and over again at the expense of the well-being and health of dogs, for example if dogs are bred too long and too low.

    The Standard dachshund has a chest circumference of more than 35 centimeters and weighs between four and nine kilograms. The Miniature dachshund have a circumference of 30 to 35 centimeters in the bust and a weight between three and four kilograms, the Rabbit Dachshund, about three kilograms in weight, but no less.

    Character and skills

    The Dachshund he is a hunting dog and has never been a lap dog. It is a small dog, very large. In the burrow, the Dachshund he is a persistent solitary hunter and must make decisions independently. A strong will, perseverance and great courage are other qualities that are required for hunting. These requirements have had a lasting effect on his character.. He is self-confident and sometimes stubborn, but contrary to popular opinion he is extremely well mannered and manageable. He is a true professional. His stubbornness makes up a good part of his special charm, that you not only have to accept but you like. He is friendly and not submissive, shows your opinion and is neither fearful nor aggressive. He also has a well-balanced temperament. Even if you have it as a companion dog, the Dachshund still a passionate hunting dog, persistent, fine and agile nose. Can be trained well – also for dog sports.

    Dachshund care

    The Dachshund has no special demands regarding its maintenance. He loves his humans, either in a small apartment or in the countryside with a large garden. But, you should never expect me to climb the stairs, at least not regularly. The Dachshund he is a hunter and a dog who enjoys nature. Regular excursions must be allowed, if possible daily, to the nature. Despite its short legs, the Dachshund has amazing resistance. It is always impressive to see with what zeal, speed and endurance this dog runs through nature. It is not unusual for him to accompany his master or carer when he runs, but this doesn't have to be the rule. Like a sturdy little dog, the Dachshund can be carried everywhere without problems. In a restaurant or hotel, he knows how to behave. The Dachshund it is an excellent family dog. Can be problematic with other pets due to their hunting instincts. This can be changed during the puppy stage if the dog gets used to it and is educated accordingly.

    Coat and muzzle should be checked daily. The coat should be brushed regularly. The Dachshund wire-haired needs to be trimmed.

    Dachshund education

    Despite his passion for hunting, the Dachshund is a dog for everyone, whether hunter or non-hunter. Contrary to popular opinion, he is a well trained dog. You just have to earn it as a partner consistently and with conviction and patience. Then he gives her proverbial trusting nature the warm "look of Dachshund«. Is never submissive; has a strong self-confidence with a strong self-will. This must be respected, even appreciated. Each Dachshund has its own individual character. It should not be misinterpreted as a lapdog, must be challenged and above all his individual personality must be accepted. It can then be coached and managed consistently on the basis of the bonds of friendship.. With a little commitment, this is also possible for a less experienced beginner.

    Typical diseases of Teckel

    The Dachshund enjoy robust overall health. You just have to be careful that the dogs are not too small, too long, too light and not too short legs. Also show breeds, in which dogs are judged on their external appearance, should be considered with caution. The Dachshund occasionally suffers from paralysis of the Dachshund It is named. It is a special sliding disc, that has the same inherited causes as your lack of movement. It also, diseases of the heart valves, rheumatic diseases and idiopathic epilepsy are more common. La endogamia, mating with extreme characteristics such as dwarf - exaggerated ratio (short legs, long back)- represents a considerable risk to health and dramatically shortens life expectancy.

    Nutrition / Food

    The Dachshund has no special nutritional requirements. For your general physical condition, especially with regard to the risk of paralysis of the Dachshund, you must take care that it stays strong and slim.

    The life expectancy of the Dachshund

    The Dachshund belongs to the healthy breeds, vital and long-lived. This is because, among other things, for use as a professional hunting dog. He often reaches the age of 12 to 15 years without any problems, sometimes even more.

    Buy a Dachshund

    If you want to buy puppies, you should be the first to decide if you want to have a Dachshund as a hunting helper or as a family companion. You should only buy your Dachshund to a recognized local breeder. You can also look at the local animal shelter. Puppies usually cost between 1.000 and 1.500 EUR.

    Images "Dachshund"

    Photos:

    1 – Dachshund standard straight hair by Katemil94 / CC BY-SA
    2 – A long-haired Dachshund puppy by Tam Tam from Shizuoka, JAPAN / CC BY-SA
    3 – A red and tan smooth haired Dachshund by Raven Underwood / CC BY
    4 – Dachshund in Cannes by Tiia Monto / CC BY-SA
    5 – A Wirehaired Dachshund Sleeping in the Sun by Jeuwre / CC BY-SA
    6 – Dachshund running in a green field by Dan Bennett / CC BY

    Videos "Dachshund"

    Type and recognitions:

    • FCI CLASSIFICATION:
    • Group :
    • Section : . .

    Federations:

    • FCI – Group 4 – Section 1 Sausage dog.
    • AKC – Sausage dog
    • ANKC – Sausage dog
    • CKC – Sausage dog
    • ​KC – Sausage dog
    • NZKC – Sausage dog
    • UKC – Sausage dog

    FCI breed standard "Dachshund"

    Origin:
    Germany

    Date of publication of the valid original standard:
    04/09/2019

    Use:

    Hunting dog, above and below ground.



    General appearance:

    Low structure, with short limbs, elongated but compact body with strong muscles. The head is carried with ease and pride; the expression is cunning.

    Despite having short limbs, in relation to the body, must not be clumsy or limited in their movements. The specific development of both sexes is typical.

    IMPORTANT PROPORTIONS : With the distance from the chest above ground level approximately one third of the height at the withers,the length of the body must be in a harmonious relationship with the height at the withers, approximately 1 to 1.7 -1.8.



    Behavior / temperament:

    By nature friendly, neither fearful nor aggressive, with a balanced temperament. Passionate hunting dog, persistent, agile and with a fine nose.

    Head:

    Elongated, both seen from above and in profile, narrows proportionally to the truffle, but it should not be pointed. The superciliary arcs are clearly defined. The nasal cartilage and nasal shank are long and narrow.

    Cranial region:

    Skull: Rather flat,gradually joining with a slightly arched bridge of the nose.

    Depression front naso (Stop): Little marked.

    facial region:

    • Truffle: Well developed.
    • Snout: Long, wide and strong enough.It should be opened wide, divided up to eye level.
    • Jaws / Teeth: Strongly developed upper and lower jaw. Scissor bite,regular. Ideally, a complete denture with 42 teeth according to the dental formula,with strong and exactly meshed fangs.

    JAW DEFECTS: (Prognathism)

    • Lips: Tight, covering the lower jaw well.
    • Eyes: Medium-sized, oval and well separated, with clear and energetic expression, but at the same time confident and not penetrating. Dark red-brown and glossy to black-brown in all dog coat colors. Gazy eyes in harlequin dogs are undesirable, but they must be tolerated.
    • Ears: High inserted, not too far ahead, quite but not too long, rounded, Mobile, the front edge is well attached to the cheeks.

    Neck:

    Long enough and muscular; tight skin without double chin, slightly arched at the nape, carried free and erect.

    Body:

    • top line:Harmonious, extends from nape to rump slightly oblique.
    • Cross: Pronounced.
    • Back: After the high cross, along the thoracic vertebrae, level or slightly oblique back. Strong and well muscled.
    • Pork loin: Strong musculature, long enough.
    • Rump: Wide, long enough and slightly sloping.
    • Breast : Sternum strongly pronounced and so prominent that slight holes form on each side. The thorax, seen from the front, it is oval, viewed from above and from the side is wide to ensure excellent development of the heart and lungs. The ribs extend far back. If the length and angulation of the scapulae and arm are correct, front limbs, viewed profile, They should cover the lowest point of the chest line.
    • Bottom line and belly: Slightly gathered.

    Tail:

    Implanted not too high and carried in the extension of the line of the back. A slight curve in the last third of the tail is allowed.

    Tips

    PREVIOUS MEMBERS

    • As a whole: With strong muscles and well angulated; seen from the front dry limbs, straight with strong bones and feet directed straight forward.
    • Shoulder: Relief muscles. The long scapula is sloping and well attached to the thorax.
    • Arm: The same length as the scapula, should form approximately a right angle to it. Strong bones and good musculature, glued to the ribs, but free in its movements.
    • Elbows: They must not be inclined either inwards or outwards.
    • Forearm: Short, but long enough so that the distance from the chest to the ground is approximately one third of the height at the withers. As far as possible right.
    • Carpal articulation: The carpal joints are somewhat closer together than the shoulder joint.
    • Metacarpus: In profile, not steep or visibly inclined forward.
    • Previous feet:Fingers placed next to each other and well arched with strong pads, resistant and thick and short and strong nails. The fifth toe has no function but should not be amputated.

    LATER MEMBERS

    • As a whole: Strong musculature, in correct proportion to the previous members. Well angled in the knee and tibial tarsal joints, limbs parallel and in position neither too close nor too far apart.
    • Thigh: It should be of good length and with strong muscles.
    • Knee: Wide and strong, with marked angulation.
    • Leg: short, approximately at right angles to the thigh, strong muscles.
    • Corve­jón: Strong, tendinous and dry.
    • Metatarsus: Relatively long, mobile relative to the leg, slightly bent forward.
    • Rear foot: Four well-arched, close-together fingers rest fully on the sturdy pads.

    Movement:

    The movement must cover a lot of ground, should be fluid with a strong thrust with a long stride and not raised forward, strong push and causing a light and elastic transition on the top line. The carriage of the tail should be a harmonious continuation of the upper line and slightly drooping.. During the movement the front and rear limbs must move parallel forwards.

    Mantle

    Well stuck.

    The Three Types Dachshund:

    • By Sizes: Standard, Miniatura y rabbits.
    • By Pelo: Lasted, Short and long.

    SHORT HAIR

    HAIR: Short, thick, bright, smooth, well glued to the body, strong and hard should not show hairless areas.

    TAIL: With fine and thick hair, but it's not too hairy. Protective hair somewhat longer at the bottom should not be penalized.

    COLOR

    1. to)Unicolores dogs: Red, Rojo-Amarillo, yellow, all colors without or with black speckling. Clean color is always preferred and red is more appreciated than red yellow or yellow. Also dogs heavily splashed with black are included in this category and not among dogs of other colors..

    White is not desirable, but in the form of a few small spots is not qualifying. Black nose and nails; reddish-brown is also allowed,but it is not desirable.

    1. b)Bi-coloured dogs: Deep black or brown, all with rusty red or yellow fiery markings above the eyes, on the sides of the muzzle and lower lip, on the inside edge of the ears, in the backsplash, in the Interior and later parts of extremities, in feet, around the anus and from here to a third or half of the bottom of the tail. Black nose and nails in black dogs; in brown dogs the nose and nails are brown.

    White is not desirable, but in the form of a few small spots is not qualifying. Excessive fire marks are not desirable.

    1. c)Spotted dog (Harlequins, atigrados): The basic color is always the dark color (black, Red or gray). Irregular gray but also beige spots are desirable (very large stains are not desired). Neither dark nor clear must prevail. Brindle Dachshund color has darker stripes on a red or yellow background. Nose and nails as in uni or bicolor dogs.

    BY THE HARD

    HAIR: With the exception of the snout, eyebrows and ears, has on the body, mixed with the inner layer of hair, a regularly glued outer layer, thick and barbed wire. A well marked beard forms on the muzzle. The eyebrows are bushy. In the ears, the hair is shorter than in the body, almost smooth. Tail with well developed hair, uniform and very stuck.

    COLOR: Predominant light or dark pig color, as well as the color of the dry leaves. In the rest the descriptions of the colors are valid as in the Short Hair from the point to) patient c).

    LONG HAIR

    HAIR: The hair with an undercoat is smooth with shine and close to the body., It extends below the neck and the lower part of the body, it excels in the ears and presents a clearly more long feather-shaped hair on the back of the extremities. The longest hair is at the bottom of the tail where it forms a true flag.

    COLOR: As in the description of the Short Hair in points a) patient c).



    Size and weight:

    • Dachshund: Chest circumference greater than 35 cm.. Maximum weight approximately 9 Kg.
    • Miniature dachshund: Chest perimeter between 30 and 35 cm., at the minimum age of 15 months.
    • Rabbit Dachshund:Chest circumference less than 30 cm., at the minimum age of 15 months.


    Fouls:

    Any deviation from the aforementioned criteria is considered a fault and its severity is considered to the degree of the standard deviation.

    Los M3 (molars 3) are not taken into consideration during the evaluation. The absence of two PM1 (Premolar 1) should not be considered as a fault. As a lack, the absence of a PM2 must be considered, when no other teeth are missing except M3, as well as any other deviation from a correct scissors bite, such as a pincer bite.

    SERIOUS FAULTS:

    • Weak constitution, very long or short limbs that the dog appears to crawl on the ground.
    • Absence of other teeth to those described in fouls or elimination fouls.
    • Gazy eyes any color other than spotted dogs.
    • Pointed or heavily creased ears.
    • Body fallen between the shoulders.
    • Overdue or carp back.
    • Weak loin.
    • Dog with too strong a build. (The rump is higher than the withers).
    • Very weak rib cage.
    • Agalgados flanks.
    • Poorly angled forelimbs and hindlimbs.
    • Narrow hindlimbs, lack of muscles.
    • Beef or Barrel Hocks.
    • Feet turned inward or too far out.
    • Separate fingers.
    • Heavy movement, clumsy, clumsy.

    COAT FAULTS

    Short haired dachshund:

    • Very fine hair, very thin, bald spots on the ears (leather ears), other bald spots.
    • Too thick or too long hair.
    • Brush-shaped tail.
    • Partial or full length hairless tail.

    Hard-haired Teckel:

    • Soft hair, either short or long.
    • Long hair parted from the body in all directions.
    • Wavy or curly hair.
    • Soft hair on head.
    • Tail forming a flag.
    • No beard.
    • Absence of undercoat of hairs.
    • Short hair.

    Long haired dachshund:

    • Hair of the same length all over the body.
    • Hisurto wavy hair.
    • No flag in the queue.
    • No protruding hair on the ears.
    • Short hair.
    • Hair sharply parted on the back.
    • Hair too long between the fingers.

    MISS PLAYOFFS

    • Very fearful or aggressive behavior.
    • Prognathism, enognatismo, crossbite.
    • Deviated arch of incisors.
    • Absence of one or more canines and one or more incisors.
    • Absence of other premolars or molars.

    Exceptions:The two PM1 or one PM2 respectively without taking into account the M3.

    • Reduced chest.
    • Any defect in the queue.
    • Shoulders too loose.
    • Carpus deviated forward.
    • Black color without markings tan color, white with or without tan markings. Other colors than mentioned.


    N.B.:
    • Any dog ​​showing clear signs of physical or behavioral abnormalities must be disqualified..
    • Males should have two normal-appearing testicles fully descended into the scrotum..

    Source: F.C.I - International Cynological Federation

    Alternative names:

    1. Doxie, Wiener dog/hotdog, Sausage dog, weenie dog (English).
    2. chien-saucisse (French).
    3. Dackel, Teckel (German).
    4. Cachorro salsicha, Teckel (Portuguese).
    5. Perro vienesa, Perro longaniza, Perro salchicha (español).

    ▷ The world of Pets: Dogs, cats, birds, reptiles, amphibians

    Dandie Dinmont Terrier
    Gran Bretañaa FCI 168 . Small sized Terriers.

    Dandie Dinmont Terrier

    The Dandie Dinmont Terrier is a dog whose standard requires what other terriers consider very serious defects.

    Content

    History

    This terrier shot was specially developed around 1600 in the Cheviot Hills and near Coquetdale to support the hunting of otters and badgers. But also predators and hares made life very difficult for this accomplished hunter..

    Most of the dogs of this breed were only kept by very few families in the area and were also very rarely given to strangers.. Well-known breeder Willi Allan, for example, maintained an exceptional herd, but he refused to sell even one of his dogs despite the high offers.

    Her children and grandchildren continued this tradition after her death in 1704, but occasionally they gave a dog to good friends or as a favor. The aforementioned breeder John Davidson received a partner this way and began his breeding.

    It was the favorite dog of the French King Luis Felipe, who owned a pair of dandies about 1840.

    The painter Gainsborough immortalized the Dandie Dinmont Terrier in his portrait of the Duke of Buccleuch.

    Like breed of Scottish hunting dog, the terrier was originally used to hunt otters and badgers; with its long and flexible body it had ideal conditions for hunting in the substructure. Today the Dandie Dinmont Terrier He is considered a faithful companion and a happy companion in many life situations..

    It is considered the direct ancestor of the no less independent rough haired dachshund. With the foundation of the first Club Dandie Dinmont in 1875, the characteristics of the breed were unified.

    In the countries of the European continent, the Dandie Dinmont Terrier lags far behind the enthusiasm of the people of the British Isles in terms of popularity.

    In its native land it can still be experienced as a determined hunting and watchdog., but a life as a companion dog is more common. This little terrier is rarely observed compared to other breeds..

    The usual height of the shoulders between 20 and 28 centimeters is no longer stipulated in the FCI standard. The nomenclature is limited to a weight of eight to eleven kilograms for this little terrier.

    The Dandie Dinmont Terrier is a direct descendant of the Skye Terrier. Although the breed is relatively common in Britain, this humble dog is rarely seen outside of this country.

    Physical characteristics

    The Dandie Dinmont Terrier is a special representative of the terrier group. Fierce, brave and tough, is a reliable tracker and a good hunting helper.

    In the hunt he faces polecats, badgers and otters. Many terrier breeds have the genes of the dandies.

    Walter Scott names in his novel the famous six terriers Dandie Dinmont Terrier with extraordinary names

    «Auld Pepper» (= old pepper)
    «Young Pepper».
    «Little Pepper».
    "Ancient must".
    "Young mustard".
    y «Little Mustard», indicating the predominant hair colors in this breed.
    About his character he wrote: "They fear nothing in this world that meets a furry fur".

    According to the breed standard, the shoulder height of the Dandie Dinmont Terrier Must be from 24 to 28 cm., the ideal weight under working conditions should be between 8 and 11 kg.

    Some of its physical characteristics, like short curved legs, the backs tucked, round head and big eyes, probably date back to the crossing of several breeds of sniffer dogs.

    The coat consists of a curly mix of hard and soft hairs, which are also quite long, of about 5 cm.. Normally the coat of the Dandie Dinmont requires relatively little cleaning, it just needs to be combed regularly and trimmed several times a year.

    Character and skills

    The Dandie Dinmont Terrier shows its adaptability not only in hunting. When he lives with his humans, he is affectionate and affectionate without becoming friends.

    Characterized by a high stimulus threshold, what benefits you as an apartment dog. Doesn't bark for no reason, although I hear it and see it all. However, the proportion of outdoor activities in the daily routine must be large enough. Their hunting genes continue to determine the drive to work in the wild.

    Obedience is not an outstanding feature of the enchanter Dandie Dinmont.
    Humans with a consistent stance convince this sensitive terrier. If you understand the meaning of your actions, wants to please and behaves as told. Basically, our reserved four-legged friend can be a nice family dog.

    The Dandie Dinmont has the same intelligent, alert nature that makes most terriers good family dogs. Fortunately it doesn't tend to be stubborn.

    If you want to keep your Dandie Dinmont healthy and alert, it is essential that you walk him every day and that you give him a relatively low-fat diet.

    The Dandie Dinmont Terrier she is agile with her short legs. Your need for exercise is roughly equivalent to your size, but long walks through the woods and fields with its owner are very welcome. The magic word is action and activity.

    If it comes to mind and a rodent awakens your hunting instinct, hunting is a hobby to your liking.

    Within the limits of its territory, seems at the moment remarkably reserved in his dealings with other dogs. Opinions differ as to the extent to which children are accepted by the Dandie Dinmont Terrier. In general, the child is described as fond of children.

    But, even here, there is no Rose without spines, and joy for unfamiliar children may individually be much less than. The owner is always obliged to watch over his pets.

    Care of "Dandie Dinmont Terrier"

    Has a fluffy undercoat that grows curly, the top layer being hard.

    In addition to regular brushing, we should trim their fur almost three times a year. This removes dead hair without softening the main hair and without reducing the water resistance of the double coat.

    Of course, dogs participating in shows should be groomed more carefully.

    Especially dense hair requires special attention to emphasize the characteristic soft and silky form of the «topknots«. It is important that the dog never looks as if it has been groomed.

    The predominant coat colors are, as already indicated in Scott's novel by the special names of dogs, Pepper, that is to say, shades between blue-black to light silver gray, as well as mustard, that is to say, colors from red-brown to beige.

    The quality of the care of the coat is very visible in the striking head of the Dandie Dinmont Terrier. The silky mop of hair around the large eyes is the figure that characterizes the Dandie Dinmont Terrier.

    The coat as a whole is pepper or mustard. The first variant ranges from blue-black to silver gray, mustard color palette shows different shades of brown.

    Characteristics "Dandie Dinmont Terrier"

    Coexistence is important that you have with your new friend. Before considering the acquisition of a dog of the breed "Dandie Dinmont Terrier" you know certain factors. Not all breeds of dogs are apt to live in an apartment, you must take into account his character, their need for exercise, their interaction with other pets, their care and if you have small children, their level of tolerance towards them.

    Adaptation ⓘ

    5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    friendly dog ​​ⓘ

    4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    hair loss ⓘ

    1,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Affection level ⓘ

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Need for exercise ⓘ

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Social need ⓘ

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Home ⓘ

    5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Toilet ⓘ

    2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Friendly with strangers ⓘ

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    barking ⓘ

    2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Health ⓘ

    2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Territorial ⓘ

    4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Cat friendly ⓘ

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Intelligence ⓘ

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Versatility ⓘ

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Child friendly ⓘ

    4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Surveillance ⓘ

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    joy ⓘ

    5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Images "Dandie Dinmont Terrier"

    Photos:

    1 – Dandie Dinmont Terrier and West Highland White Terrier during the international dogs show in Katowice, Poland. The dogs comes from the kennel «Canis Terra» by Pleple2000 / CC BY-SA
    2 – Dandie Dinmont Terrier from 1915 by W. E. Mason – Dogs of all Nations
    3 – The female – Dandie Dinmont Terrier during the international dogs show in Katowice, Poland. The bitch comes from the kennel «Canis Terra» by Pleple2000 / CC BY-SA
    4 – Dandie Dinmont Terrier, 2014 Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show, New York City. by Pets Adviser from Brooklyn, USA / CC BY
    5 – The head of female – Dandie Dinmont Terrier during the international dogs show in Katowice, Poland. The bitch comes from the kennel «Canis Terra» by Pleple2000 / CC BY-SA
    6 – Dandie Dinmont Terrier by https://pxhere.com/es/photo/696735

    Videos "Dandie Dinmont Terrier"

    Type and recognitions:

    • FCI CLASSIFICATION:
    • Group :
    • Section : . .

    Federations:

    • FCI – Terriers 2 Small sized Terriers.
    • AKC – Terrier
    • ANKC – Group 2 (Terrier)
    • CKC – Group 4 – Terriers
    • ​KC – Terriers
    • NZKC – Terriers
    • UKC – Terriers

    FCI breed standard "Dandie Dinmont Terrier"

    Origin:
    United Kingdom

    Date of publication of the valid original standard:
    22.08.2017

    Use:

    Terrier



    General appearance:

    It is a dog that has a characteristic head covered with beautiful and silky hair, with big eyes, are keenly aware of from the Inteligentes, that counterbalance the body that is short and long like a weasel. Limbs are short and strong; with a coat that protects it from the elements.



    Behavior / temperament:

    He is a brave and enterprising Terrier. Independent, very intelligent, decided to, persistent, sensitive, loving and noble.

    Head:

    The head is of solid constitution, large but proportionate to the size of the dog; Muscles have extraordinary development, especially those of the jaws.

    Cranial region:
    • Skull: Wide and narrow towards the eyes; the distance between the inner angle of the eye and the back of the skull is almost the same as that between ear to ear. The forehead is well domed; the head should be covered with very soft and silky hair not limited to just a lock.

    facial region:

    • Truffle: It is black.
    • Snout: Must have a ratio of 3 to 5 regarding the skull. The back of the muzzle has a hairless triangle-shaped part that points back to the eyes from the nose and is about an inch wide. (2,5 cm.).
    • Cheeks: Gradually taper to a deep, strong muzzle.
    • Jaws/Teeth: Strong JAWS, with healthy teeth, complete and scissor bite, that is to say, that the internal face of the upper incisors is in contact with the external face of the lower incisors; the teeth should be set at right angles in the jaws. Any deviation is highly undesirable. Teeth are very strong, especially canines that are exceptionally large for a small dog. Canines must fit well with each other, in such a way that they confer strength for grip and punishment. The inside of the mouth must be pigmented in black or dark color.

    Eyes: Deep dark hazelnut color; placed well separated from each other and down. They are great for a small dog, bright, full and round but not bulging.

    Ears: Pendants, well behind, distant from each other and low insertion in the skull; hang close to the cheeks with a slight lift at the base; wide at the base at their junction with the head and end almost pointed. The anterior part of the ear should hang almost straight from its insertion with the head to the tip. The cartilage and the skin of the ear must be very thin. The length of the ear varies between three and four inches (7,5- 10cm.). The color of the ears must harmonize with that of the body. In the case of a pepper dog, they must be covered with soft hair, right and dark (in some cases almost black). In the case of a mustard colored dog, they must also be of that color, but in a darker shade than the body, although never black. In both cases, They should have a thin fringe of light hair that starts approximately two inches. (5 cm.) from the tip of the ear, and almost the same color and texture as the lock, giving the ears a characteristic appearance in tip. This feature may not appear until after the dog has reached the age of two years.

    Neck:

    Very muscular, well developed and robust, and show great vigor. With good insertion on the shoulders.

    Body:

    Long, strong and flexible.

    • Back: It should be quite low in the region of the withers, forming a slight curve and corresponding arc in the renal region in its gradual descent towards the base of the tail.. On the sides of the spine you must have good musculature.
    • Breast : Well developed and well lowered between the front shoulders.
    • Ribs: Well arched and rounded.

    Tail:

    It is quite short and its length varies between eight and ten inches (20 – 25 cm.), very thick at the base and thicken more in a stretch of 10 cm. (4 inches), and then tune up and end in a point. It should never twist or twist, but it must be curved like a scimitar. When the dog is excited, The tip of the tail forms a perpendicular line with the base of the same; its insertion is neither too high nor too low. When the dog is at rest, you should carry it happily and very little above the level of the body.

    Tips

    PREVIOUS MEMBERS: They are short, with very good muscle and bone development, placed well distant from each other and the chest must get well down in their midst of them. Arched limbs are very undesirable.

    • Shoulder: Well inclined backwards, but not very heavy.
    • forearms: They must follow the chest line.
    • Previous feet: Directed forward or slightly deviated outward when dog is stopped.

    LATER MEMBERS: The posterior members are slightly longer than the previous and distant from each other, although not opened in a way that is not natural.

    • Thighs: They must be well developed.
    • Knees: Angled femoro-tibio-patellar joints.
    • Hocks: Well descended. The spurs, if they existed, they should as usual be slashed.
    • Hind feet: Round and with thick foot pads. The rear feet should be smaller than the previous ones. Well pigmented nails in dark color, although it can vary according to the color of the fur that covers the body. Flat feet or toes spread apart are highly undesirable.

    Movement:

    Powerful, With a straight line from the back, that allows you to develop an agile step, free and light, with good range at the front. A rigid movement, striding, jumping or crisscrossing is highly undesirable.

    Mantle

    Fur: In this race the fur is a very important feature. It has two layers of hair, a soft, lustrous inner and a tougher non-wire outer, but that gives the impression of being crisp to the touch. Hair should not be divided into a stripe along the back, it should be extended in the form of tassels produced by the harder hair that comes out through the inner layer of softer hair. The forelimbs are covered in long fringed hair of almost 5 cm. (2 inches) length. The top of the tail should be covered with rough hair; at the bottom the hair is not so coarse, and has sleek fringes for softer hair.

    Color: Pepper or mustard.

    • Pepper: It varies from dark bluish black to a light silver gray; intermediate shades are preferred. Body color should extend well below the shoulders and hips, gradually intermingling with the color of the limbs and feet, which varies according to the color of the body from the intense fire to the lully light. Must have a thick silver-white hair bun.
    • Mustard: It varies from reddish brown to the lully clear. You should have a thick creamy white hair bun; the limbs and feet should be darker than the head.

    In both colors, the hair of the fringes on the forelimbs is almost considerably lighter than the hair on the front of the limb. White hair is allowed in the chest, as well as white nails. White feet are undesirable. The hair at the bottom of the tail is lighter in color than the hair at the top, it should be a darker color than the body.



    Size and weight:

    Among 8 and 11 kg for males in good working condition. Lower weights are preferred.



    Fouls:

    Any deviation from the aforementioned criteria must be considered as a fault and the severity of it is considered in proportion to the degree of deviation from the standard and its consequences on the health and well-being of the dog..

    FALTAS DESCALIFICANTES:

    • Aggressiveness or extreme shyness.
    • Any dog ​​showing clear signs of physical or behavioral abnormalities must be disqualified..


    N.B.:
    • Males should have two normal-appearing testicles fully descended into the scrotum..
    • Only functionally and clinically healthy dogs, with the typical conformation of the breed, should be used for parenting.

    The latest changes are in bold.

    TRADUCCION: Lic. O. Valverde Calvo (Costa Rica). Original version: IN.

    Source: F.C.I - International Cynological Federation

    Alternative names:

    1. Dandie, Hindlee Terrier (English).
    2. Dandie (French).
    3. Dandie (German).
    4. Dandie (Portuguese).
    5. Dandie (español).

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    Dobermann
    Germany FCI 143 . Pinscher and schnauzer type

    Doberman

    Although the Dobermann has a reputation for being a sharp and even sinister dog, his devoted fans consider him to be the most loving and loyal of his companions.

    Content

    History

    The race Dobermann it is the only one in Germany to bear the name of its first known breeder: Friederich Louis Dobermann (2 of January 1834 – 9 of June 1894). according to history, he was a tax collector, trail manager, and also "dog dog", with the legal right to catch all free-roaming dogs. To create the smart and trustworthy watchdog he had in mind, crossed short haired sheepdogs with Rottweilers, black and tan terrier, and German Pinschers. Elegant dogs such as greyhounds and Weimaraners may also have been part of their "recipe". "Butcher dogs" played the most important role in the formation of the breed Dobermann, that in those times they were already seen as a race in itself. These dogs were of the type of the predecessors of the current Rottweiler, mixed with a type of Sheepdog black in color with rust-red markings that was common in the Thuringian region. With these mixtures, Dobermann started his hatchery in the years 70 of the century 19. In this way, he obtained "his breed" of utility dogs, home and ranches, they weren't just vigilantes, but also very attached to man.

    It was used a lot as a protection dog and for the police. Its wide usefulness in the Police Service gave it the name "gendarme dog" at that time.. In hunting it was used mainly for the extermination of vermin. For all the above conditions, it was obvious that the FCI-St. N° 143 / 30.09.2016 3 Dobermann was officially recognized as a police dog at the beginning of the century 20. The upbringing of Dobermann resulted in a medium dog, strong and muscular, that despite all its substance allows to recognize elegance and nobility. It is ideal as a companion dog, protection and utility.

    The race Dobermann it is the only one in Germany to bear the name of its first known breeder: Friederich Louis Dobermann (2 of January 1834 – 9 of June 1894). according to history, he was a tax collector, trail manager, and also "dog dog", with the legal right to catch all free-roaming dogs. For parenting, he mated especially biting dogs from the dog shelter. "Butcher dogs" played the most important role in the formation of the breed Dobermann, that in those times they were already seen as a race in itself. These dogs were of the type of the predecessors of the current Rottweiler, mixed with a type of Sheepdog black in color with rust-red markings that was common in the Thuringian region.

    With these mixtures, Dobermann started his hatchery in the years 70 of the century 19. In this way, he obtained "his breed" of utility dogs, home and ranches, they weren't just vigilantes, but also very attached to man. It was used a lot as a protection dog and for the police. Its wide usefulness in the Police Service gave it the name "gendarme dog" at that time.. In hunting it was used mainly for the extermination of vermin. For all the above conditions, it was obvious that the FCI-St. N° 143 / 30.09.2016 3 Dobermann was officially recognized as a police dog at the beginning of the century 20. The upbringing of Dobermann resulted in a medium dog, strong and muscular, that despite all its substance allows to recognize elegance and nobility. It is ideal as a companion dog, protection and utility.

    Physical characteristics

    It is a medium-sized dog, robust and muscular, elegant lines and noble and haughty demeanor. The head is elongated cone shaped and bouquet. Craniofacial lines are parallel, the stop is light and the nose, deep. The eyes are medium and oval. The ears have a high insertion and the animal has them upright. If they are whole, fall to the sides of the head, with the edges well glued to the cheeks. The back is short and solid. The limbs are straight and plump. The tail is amputated leaving two vertebrae.

    • Fur: short, very sticky and smooth.
    • Color: black or brown with fire. Blue is no longer bred because it transmits serious genetic defects.
    • Size: in males, of 68 to 72 cm., for a weight of 40 to 45 kg. In females, of 63 to 68 cm., for a weight of 32 to 35 kg. The intermediate sizes are the most wanted.

    Character and skills

    It is one of the sweetest and most sensitive dogs in the world. He goes out of his way, with whom you should live in close contact. Leaving him alone in the garden would mean ruining his character. About him Dobermann a lot of gossip circulates, as for example that this dog "goes crazy" around the age of seven due to the lack of cranial capacity (one of the biggest absurdities, from the scientific point of view, never heard in cinofilia, and it is not that few are heard). Today, fortunately, there are rare cases in which there is talk of "mad" dogs or "irrepressible ferocity".

    Very loving with family members and safe with children (provided they leave him alone), with strangers maintains the typical reserve of defense dogs. A balanced specimen, like all those from good hatcheries, will never behave aggressively for no reason, and it will show itself as a splendid companion dog delivered to its owner.

    Start training your puppy the day you bring him home. Even at eight weeks old, He is able to absorb everything you can teach him. Don't wait until you have 6 months to start train or have to deal with more stubborn dog. If possible, Take it to a trainer when you have between 10 and 12 weeks, and socializes, socialice, socialice. But, Note that many kinds of training puppies require certain vaccinations (such as kennel cough) stay up to date, and many veterinarians recommend limited exposure to other dogs and public places until puppy vaccinations (including rabies, distemper and parvovirus) They are completed. Instead of formal training, You can start training your puppy to socialize at home and among family and friends until immunizations are completed in the puppy.

    Talk to the breeder, Describe exactly what you want in a dog and ask for help choosing a puppy. Breeders see puppies daily and can make incredibly accurate recommendations once they know something about their lifestyle and personality. Regardless of what you want from a Dobermann, look for one whose parents have nice personalities and who has been well socialized since the puppy's first stage.

    Observations and tips

    Unselected dogs and the result of casual couplings are the only ones that can be nervous and in some cases bite. It is essential to buy the puppy in a good kennel that selects beauty and character.

    Doberman health

    All dogs have the potential to develop genetic health problems, just as all people have the potential to inherit a particular disease. Run, do not walk, from any breeder that does not offer a health guarantee on puppies, to tell you that the breed is 100 percent healthy and has no known problems, or tell you that your puppies are isolated from the main part of the home for health reasons. A reputable breeder will be honest and open about the breed's health problems and the incidence with which they occur in their lines..

    One of the most serious breed-related health problems in the Doberman is cardiomyopathy., which causes an increase in the size of the heart. An annual heart exam is critical to detect this condition early., and no dog with cardiomyopathy should be bred. Neither should any Dobermann without a complete cardiac exam by a veterinary cardiologist in the past year. The sad reality, However, is that a dog that gets a good exam one day can develop heart disease the next, and the puppy of two parents without heart disease can still develop it.

    Another race-related condition that affects the Dobermann is cervical vertebral instability (CVI), commonly called Wobbler syndrome. It is caused by a malformation of the vertebrae in the neck that causes pressure on the spinal cord and leads to weakness and lack of coordination in the hindquarters and sometimes to complete paralysis.. Symptoms can be managed to some extent in dogs that are not severely affected, and some dogs experience some relief with surgery, but the result is not certain. Although IVC is believed to be genetic, there is no disease screening test.

    The Dobermans they are also prone to the bleeding disorder known as von Willebrand disease, as well as hypoadrenocorticism or Addison's disease.

    Not all of these diseases are detectable in a growing puppy, and it is impossible to predict if an animal will be free of these diseases, so you need to find a reputable breeder who commit to raise healthier animals possible. Must be able to produce independent certification that the dog's parents (and grandparents, etc.) have been examined for common defects and considered healthy for breeding. That's where health records come in..

    Breeders must accept that all test results, positive or negative, are published in the CHIC database. It is not necessary for a dog to perform well or even pass evaluations to obtain a CHIC number., so the CHIC record alone is not proof of robustness or absence of disease, but all test results are published on the CHIC website and can be accessed by anyone who wants to check the health of a puppy's parents. If the breeder tells you that you don't need to do those tests because they have never had problems with their lines and their dogs have been "vet checked", so you need to find a breeder who is more rigorous with genetic testing.

    Careful breeders screen their breeding dogs for genetic diseases and breed only the healthiest, best-looking specimens., but sometimes mother nature has other ideas and a puppy develops one of these diseases despite good husbandry practices. Advances in veterinary medicine mean that in most cases dogs can still live a good life. If you are going to have a puppy, ask the breeder about the ages of the dogs in their lines and what they died of.

    Not all visits by Dobermann to the vet they are due to a genetic problem. The Dobermans are one of the breeds with a deep chest and a tendency to swell, a condition in which the stomach expands with air. This can become the most serious condition, gastric torsion, if the stomach twists on itself, cutting off blood flow. gastric torsion, or gastric dilatation volvulus, suddenly attacks, and a dog that was fine a minute can die a few hours later. Watch for symptoms such as restlessness and gait, babeo, pale gums and lip licking, try to vomit but without bringing out anything, and signs of pain. Gastric torsion requires immediate veterinary surgery, and most dogs that have bloated once will bloat again. That means it's wise to opt for the procedure known as "gastric torsion.", which will prevent the stomach from twisting in the future. This procedure can also be done as a preventive measure..

    Remember that after bringing a new puppy home, has the power to protect you from one of the most common health problems: the obesity. Keep a Dobermann with a proper weight is one of the easiest ways to prolong your life. Make the most of your preventive skills to help ensure a healthier dog for life.

    Dobermann Grooming

    The toilet is a piece of cake. Cepilla al Dobermann with a brush or hunting glove every week, or even run a wet towel over it. The days you need a bath, use a dog shampoo, not a human product. Rinse it well and let it stir to dry or towel dry.

    The Dobermann comes off hair moderately. Regular brushing will help keep him and your house clean.. As with any dog, brushing before bathing helps remove more dead hair, leaving less hair to shed. Your vacuum cleaner will run longer if you brush your Dobermann regularly.

    The rest is basic care. Trim nails as needed, usually every few weeks. Brush their teeth for general good health and fresh breath.

    Characteristics "Dobermann"

    Coexistence is important that you have with your new friend. Before considering the acquisition of a dog of the breed "Dobermann" you know certain factors. Not all breeds of dogs are apt to live in an apartment, you must take into account his character, their need for exercise, their interaction with other pets, their care and if you have small children, their level of tolerance towards them.

    Adaptation ⓘ

    5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    friendly dog ​​ⓘ

    2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    hair loss ⓘ

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Affection level ⓘ

    5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Need for exercise ⓘ

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Social need ⓘ

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Home ⓘ

    5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Toilet ⓘ

    1,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Friendly with strangers ⓘ

    1,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    barking ⓘ

    2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Health ⓘ

    4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Territorial ⓘ

    5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Cat friendly ⓘ

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Intelligence ⓘ

    5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Versatility ⓘ

    5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Child friendly ⓘ

    4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Surveillance ⓘ

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    joy ⓘ

    5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Images "Dobermann"

    Videos "Dobermann"

    Type and recognitions:

    • FCI CLASSIFICATION:
    • Group :
    • Section : . .

    Federations:

    • FCI – Pinscher and Schanuezer dogs. Molossian type Dogs and Swiss Mountain and Cattle Dogs. , Section 1: Pinscher and Schnauzer.
    • AKC – Dogs working
    • ANKC – Group 6 (utility dogs)
    • CKC – Group 3 – Working dogs
    • ​KC – Working dogs
    • NZKC – Utility dog
    • UKC – Watchdog

    FCI breed standard Dobermann

    FCIFCI - Dobermann
    Dobermann

    Alternative names:

    1. Doberman Pinscher, Dobie, Doberman (English).
    2. Dobermann Pinscher (French).
    3. Dobermann Pinscher (German).
    4. Dobermann pinscher (Portuguese).
    5. Dobermann, Dobermann pinscher (español).

    Photos:

    1 – Doberman by https://www.pxfuel.com/es/free-photo-xqbqf
    2 – Doberman by https://www.pexels.com/es-es/foto/36376/
    3 – Jean Dark Snö of Sweden, dobermann by Felill / CC BY-SA
    4 – Doberman by https://www.publicdomainpictures.net/es/view-image.php?image=232839&picture=doberman-dog-portrait
    5 – Tallinn, Estonia, CACIB duo 2013 by Thomas / CC BY-SA
    6 – Doberman by https://www.publicdomainpictures.net/es/view-image.php?image=158143&picture=doberman-pinscher-guard

    ▷ The world of Pets: Dogs, cats, birds, reptiles, amphibians

    Dogo Argentino
    Argentina FCI 292 - Molossoid - Dogo

    He is a fierce guardian and defender. It is not convenient to stimulate their aggressiveness.

    Dogo Argentino

    Content

    Characteristics "Dogo Argentino"

    Coexistence is important that you have with your new friend. Before considering the acquisition of a dog of the breed "Dogo Argentino" you know certain factors. Not all breeds of dogs are apt to live in an apartment, you must take into account his character, their need for exercise, their interaction with other pets, their care and if you have small children, their level of tolerance towards them.

    Adaptation ⓘ

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    friendly dog ​​ⓘ

    1,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    hair loss ⓘ

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Affection level ⓘ

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Need for exercise ⓘ

    4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Social need ⓘ

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Home ⓘ

    1,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Toilet ⓘ

    1,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Friendly with strangers ⓘ

    1,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    barking ⓘ

    2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Health ⓘ

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Territorial ⓘ

    5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Cat friendly ⓘ

    1,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Intelligence ⓘ

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Versatility ⓘ

    2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Child friendly ⓘ

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Surveillance ⓘ

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    joy ⓘ

    5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    History

    The Dogo Argentino (Argentine Mastiff) is a breed of dog, created by the Argentine doctor Antonio Nores Martínez, looking for an animal suitable for the hunting of common species in Argentina, such as wild boars, peccaries and red foxes. Courage, courage and nobility are qualities that are maximized in this breed.

    The Dogo Argentino It is the only living Argentine dog breed (see footnote two extinct races), defined by its creator, The doctor. Antonio Nores Martinez, as "the best dog among all prey dogs and the most prey dog ​​among all the dogs in the world".

    In the Decade of 1920, Antonio Nores Martinez (helped by his brother Agustín, his father Antonio and uncles) decided to create a breed of prey that would bring together the best qualities of the «Cordoba Fighting Dog«, but with superior dimensions and physical strength. It also, he set out to achieve a dog that had aptitudes for hunting in packs, especially of wild boars, but that he was able to beat or stop the prey in combat alone until the arrival of his master or the rest of the pack.

    Antonio used as a base the «Cordoba Fighting Dog«, a mixture of races introduced in the Argentina by English residents, Bull Terrier and Bulldog, with breeds that the Spanish had brought, Spanish Alano and Spanish Mastiff. At these crossing, He was unbeaten in the fights of dogs, Antonio added bloodlines Bull Terrier and Pyrenean Mastiff. Like this, in the thirteenth generation, Antonio realized that he had created a perfect "war machine.", an invincible battle dog. Antonio's white dogs became famous because no other dog could beat them in the ring..

    This is how the Araucana family is created. Then Antonio set out to legalize the dog he had created, because the fighting, Despite being his passion, they were prohibited throughout the world. On the other hand, He was fascinated by the idea of directly killing a dog to lift, continue and captured the dam. The Araucana family was not good for hunting because they were very aggressive towards each other., very heavy in relation to their height and lacked smell. Then Antonio introduced blood Pointer, creating the Guaraní family. These Dogos maintained the fighting spirit of the Araucana family, but they were more resistant to pursue prey, they had a better sense of smell and it was possible to make them not fight.

    They spent several years crossing, selections and adequate functional gymnastics until towards the end of the Decade of 1940, Antonio managed to consolidate the current Argentine dogo, recognized as the most excellent hunting dog.

    In 1946 a public fight for the presentation of the breed was organized between Añá, an extraordinary specimen of Dogo Argentino and a breeding boar 5 years. It was a tough race for Aña, the fight came out victorious, then surrendered it in forty minutes, finishing the fight in perfect physical condition. The battle was filmed and woke up in the cinófilos a great admiration for the Doge ("He Dogo Argentino«, by Paolo Vianini, Vecchi publishing, 2006.).

    In 1947 Agustín organized a match at the Club de los Españoles in Morón between Chino, a Dogo Argentino and a Creole Black Bull, great fighter. After a while of combat, that it caused him to Chinese femur fracture, He managed to turn the nose of the bull, which, in a few minutes, He could not resist more pain and knelt. Chinese not dropped. The end was really a party for the Spanish public. Francisco, another brother of Antonio, He entered the arena and spoke to Chinese who burst into their prey and continued limping ("He Dogo Argentino«, by Paolo Vianini, Vecchi publishing, 2006.).

    Agustín was a great diffuser of the race, finally achieving its recognition as such (see letter from Dr. Agustín Nores Martínez to the FCA). The standard was published in the magazine «Diana» in 1947. The official recognition in Argentina took place in 1964, and the international in 1973. You can read the letter sent by Dr. Agustín Nores Martinez1 to the Argentine Cynological Federation requesting the opening of genealogical records of the breed, where he makes a detailed account of the virtues and potential of Dogo Argentino.

    In the last decades the Dogo Argentino It has been introduced with great success in the United States and several European countries.. Today you can find very good breeders in different countries of the world and of course in Argentina, cradle of the Doge, that there are breeders of excellence. He is currently one of the regulatory dogs for the police in Lebanon.

    Physical characteristics

    It is a very strong and sturdy dog, structure solid and muscular in all parts of the body, insensitive to pain, capable of combat with animals larger than himself and kill them. With the completely white layer, to distinguish it easily in the Mt., the Dogo Argentino it differs from other dogs also by its behavior: ladra rarely, almost for not wanting to note their presence, but when attacked, is devastating.

    The head is large with a massive skull. The truffle is black. Slightly concave snout, with thin lips to the bite and catch prey allows, continue breathing. brown eyes, well separated between them. Ears upright or semierguidas, triangular and cut. The neck is powerful, thick and arched.

    The chest is wide and deep. The very high back line at the shoulders that then slopes towards the hips. The limbs are straight, with muscular thighs, short hocks, United and short fingers. The tail is long and thick. The male must measure between 60 and 66 cm., and the female between 60 and 62 cm.; weight the male should be between the 48 to 54 kg, the female 45 kg. Always white mantle, and without spots, the pigmentation is not desired. The Dogo Argentino is an athlete, for which it should be kept light and light and not with a tendency to obesity as if it were a Mastiff.

    By your skin should not remain long time exposed to the Sun. For a perfect maintenance of your fur brushing with a glove of crin or rubber that drag the loose hair is necessary. Skin problems are fairly common, particularly a disease called demodexia, It tends to occur mainly in the exemplary young immunosuppressed.

    Character and skills

    It is the most quintessential hunting dog. Bulldogs work in a pack, usually four members. When a bulldog winds the boar, aims it to achieve this and it turned on in the snout, ears, neck or legs, without releasing it despite the punishment that would receive the beast. The Dogo Argentino is a very powerful bite, a great resistance and much courage, qualities that allow him to fight with the animal until the end or until the other dogs of the pack arrive or the hunter who will finish off the boar with a knife.

    In some cases, crosses of bulldogs with greyhounds are incorporated into the pack, called "noose", to have dogs for both faster and lighter but they do not replace pure Doges, many more powerful and resistant.
    In recent years the Dogo Argentino I gain greater fame in hunting, given that can match in strength to the puma and another partner kill him. These copies are very strong and you don't feel the pain.

    Like all working dog, is very faithful to his master. In house usually behave well and almost never ladra. It is quiet and balanced. He is very loyal and affectionate with people. It tends to be aggressive toward their peers if it is not educated properly from an early age.

    You need to exercise, and be well comfortable space. It is not uncommon to find specimens with deafness. Their eyes should be cared, cleansing should be daily to avoid any type of inflammation.

    As any large breed, needs a strong and constant education but without violence. It is important to teach him not to attack other dogs and other domestic animals with whom he must be able to live in harmony. The hombre-perro relationship is a relationship of submission, Thus the hierarchical order must establish clear, who is charge.

    Once achieved this, the Dogo Argentino will be an exceptional companion, faithful to his master that will give his life if necessary. It is a dog that his role is very awake instinct, in fact, in the small farms, they wake up the instinct, Therefore, it is a dog that as a pet should always be on a leash when walking it..

    Dogo Argentino Health

    All dogs have the potential to develop genetic health problems, just as all people have the potential to inherit diseases. Steer clear of any breeder who does not offer a health guarantee on puppies, to tell you that race has no known problems, or keep the cubs isolated from the main part of the home for health reasons. A reputable breeder will be honest and open about the health problems of race and incidence occurring with.

    Conditions that have been seen in the breed include hypothyroidism and deafness. Bulldogs can also be prone to glaucoma and laryngeal paralysis. Y, like many big and giant races, the Dogo Argentino can develop hip dysplasia.

    Hip dysplasia is an inherited defect of the hip socket. It may be mild, causing little or no pain, or it can lead to severe lameness. Bulldogs with hip dysplasia can move slowly or avoid jumping. Depending on the severity of the condition, weight loss, medication or surgery may help relieve pain. Bulldogs that will be bred must have a hip x-ray and triage by a veterinary orthopedic specialist at two years of age..

    Do not buy a puppy from a breeder who cannot provide you with written documentation showing that the parents were exempt from health problems affecting the breed.. Having dogs “vet examined” is not a substitute for genetic health testing. Find your puppy elsewhere.

    Careful breeders test their breeding dogs for genetic diseases and only breed the healthiest and best looking dogs., but sometimes mother nature has other ideas. A puppy can develop one of these diseases despite good husbandry practices. Advances in veterinary medicine mean that in most cases dogs can still live a good life. If you are going to have a puppy, ask the breeder about the ages of the dogs in their lines and what are the most common causes of death.

    Remember that after you have welcomed a new puppy into your home, has the power to protect you from one of the most common health problems: the obesity. Keeping a Dogo Argentino at the right weight is one of the easiest ways to extend its life.. Make the most of your preventive skills to help ensure a healthier dog for life.

    Care of the Dogo Argentino

    Grooming the Dogo Argentino is easy due to its short coat, although its large size means it's a great job. One bath every three months (or when it's dirty) using a mild dog shampoo is a good idea. Brush your stylish coat with a natural bristle brush or glove once a week. Use hair conditioner / polisher to shine.

    The rest is basic care. You have to check their ears every week and clean them if necessary and cut their toenails once a month. Regular brushing with a soft toothbrush and vet-approved dog toothpaste keeps teeth and gums healthy. It is essential to introduce the grooming to the Dogo Argentino when it is very young so that it learns to accept the handling and to make the fuss with tranquility.

    Images "Dogo Argentino"

    Videos "Dogo Argentino"

    Type and recognitions:

    • FCI CLASSIFICATION:
    • Group :
    • Section : . .

    Federations:

    • FCI – Pinscher and Schanuezer dogs. Molossian type Dogs and Swiss Mountain and Cattle Dogs. , Section 2.1: Molossoid, mastiff type.
    • AKC – Working dogs
    • UKC – Watchdog

    FCI breed standard "Dogo Argentino"

    Origin:
    Argentina

    Date of publication of the valid original standard:
    10.11.2011

    Use:

    Big game hunting dog



    General appearance:

    It is an athletic dog, meso morpho, standard type, harmonic proportions. Of powerful musculature, is agile, its external appearance gives the feeling of power, energy and strength, contrasting with his expression of friendship and meekness. All white, may have a single dark spot on the skull.



    IMPORTANT PROPORTIONS:

    • Mesocephalus, the muzzle must be the same length as the skull.
    • The height at the withers should be slightly higher than the height of the rumpChest height should represent fifty percent, at least the height at the withers.
    • The length of the body must exceed up to ten percent (no more) the height at the withers.


    Behavior / temperament:

    It must be silent, never bark on the trail, good smell, venteador, agile, strong, rustic and above all things brave.

    You should never be aggressive towards human beings, characteristic that will be strictly observed. It must be delivered to its master without conditions or reservations.

    Head:

    Strong and powerful looking meso cephalic type. Its facial skull axes are convergent.

    Cranial region:
    • Craging: Massif, convex in the anteroposterior and transverse direction due to the reliefs of the chewing muscles and the neck.
    • Occipucio: Its relief is not observed, because the powerful muscles in the back of the neck completely erase it.
    • Ston: Defined, must not be deep or at right angles.

    facial region:

    As long as the cranial region, That is, the line that joins the two orbital processes of the frontal is at an equal distance from the occiput and the alveolar edge of the upper jaw..

    • Trufa: Heavily pigmented black, wide nostrils.
    • Horcico: The same length as the skull, with its concave top line.
    • Labios: Suspenders, free edges, black pigmented, never pendulums.
    • Jaws / Teeth: They are composed of well-developed and strong correctly placed jaws, without prognathism or enognatismo, with healthy teeth, large and normally implanted. A full denture is recommended. The bite is in scissors accepting in pincer.Cheeks: Spacious, marked, covered by strong skin, without folds. Well-developed potters.
    • Ojors: Medium-sized, almendrada form, dark or hazelnut, with preferably black pigmented eyelids. Its position is sub-frontal, well separated, alive and intelligent look but with marked hardness at the same time.
    • Obars: Lateral and high insertion, with good separation between the two, given by the width of the skull. Functionally, must be cut and erect, triangular in shape and not exceeding 50% from the anterior border of the natural pinna.

    Without amputating, they are of medium length, wide, thick flat and rounded at their apex. Smooth coat, somewhat shorter than the rest of the body and where small non-penalized spots may appear. Naturally worn hanging, covering the posterior region of the cheeks. On alert it has semi-erection capacity.

    Neck:

    Thick, arched, very thick throat skin, forming wrinkles, with soft folds, without forming double chin. The elasticity of the neck skin is due to the fact that the cellular tissue is very loose.

    Body:

    Rectangular. The length of the body (measured from the tip of the shoulder to the tip of the ischium) can only exceed up to ten percent of its height at the withers, no more.

    • Línand Superior: Higher at the withers and inclined towards the rump on a gentle slope. Adult specimens have a medium channel along the spine, given by the relief of the spinal muscles. Seen from the side, it should not be given.
    • Cruz: Strong, well marked and high.
    • Espalda: Very strong and with great muscular reliefs.
    • Itmor: Short, width, of great musculature.
    • Glikeness: Wide and strong. Of average inclination.
    • Pecho: Broad and deep. Seen from the front and profile, the sternum should extend below the line of the elbows, thereby giving maximum respiratory capacity. Long thorax with moderately arched ribs.
    • Línlower ea and belly: Something gathered above the lower line of the chest, never agalgado, strong and with good muscle tension.

    Tail:

    Long, without exceeding the hocks, thick middle insert. At rest a fall is naturally observed; in attention or in motion, arched, wide curved up.

    Tips

    PREVIOUS MEMBERS:

    • ApGeneral arience: Straight, well Plumb, with short, well-knit fingers.
    • Hormbros: Oblique scapulas, with large muscular reliefs, without exaggerations.
    • BRAwithors: Humero of equal length to the scapula, with good inclination.
    • Elbows: Robust, covered in somewhat thicker and more elastic skin, no creases or wrinkles. Naturally located against the costal wall.
    • Antebra: As long as the arms and perpendicular to the ground, of robust bone and straight with good muscular development.
    • Carpal Joints: Long and in the same line with the forearms, free of bone reliefs and roughness
    • Metacarpus: Somewhat flat, good bone, seen from the profile, with a slight inclination, never expired.
    • Pinis previous: With short, tight fingers. With strong foot pads, thick and rustic; preferably black pigmented.

    LATER MEMBERS:

    • ApGeneral arience: Muscular, with short hock and tightly closed fingers without spurs. Medium angulation.
    • Thighs: Provided to the set. Strong, with significant muscular development in sight.
    • Rodinllto: With good inclination.
    • PinScheme: Slightly shorter than the thighs, strong and muscular.
    • Corvejón: The tarsal metatarsal joint is short, strong and firm, ensuring the propulsion force of the hind limb. Robust tarsus, with the point of the hock evident. Robust metatarsals, almost cylindrical and plumb, No Spurs.
    • Pinis later: Similar to the previous ones but slightly smaller and slightly longer, maintain the same characteristics.

    Movement:

    Agile and firm, with noticeable changes in showing interest in something, moment when he becomes erect and fast with reflexes, typical of the breed. Slow step. Wide jog, good front suspension and powerful rear propulsion. In the gallop he shows all his energy and develops all the power he has.. Its displacement is agile, insurance, in the step, trot the canter. Must be harmonious and balanced, showing solid body construction. Ambulance not accepted (pasuqueo), what is considered a serious defect.

    Mantle

    • Skin: Homogeneous, thick, but elastic. Attached to the body by semi-loose subcutaneous tissue, elastic, without forming wrinkles; except in the throat, where the subcutaneous cell tissue is more lax.

    Copies with black pigmented lips and eyelids are preferred. Black pigmented skin is not penalized.

    • Plink: Uniform, short, smooth, with an approximate length of 1,5 to 2 cm.. Its density and thickness varies depending on the climate.
    • Colorr: All white. Only a black or dark spot is allowed on the skull.

    It can also be located in one of your ears, or around one of his eyes. The size of the stain must keep an adequate proportion not exceeding ten percent of the size of the head. Between two copies of the same conditions, you should choose the whitest.



    Size and weight:

    Alturto the cross:

    • Males: 60 to 68 cm..
    • females: 60 to 65 cm..

    Alturto ideal:

    • Males: 64 to 65 cm..
    • females: 62 to 64 cm..

    Pthat: Approximate:

    • Males: 40 to 45 kg.
    • females: 40 to 43 kg.


    Fouls:

    Any deviation from the aforementioned criteria is considered as a fault and its severity is considered to the degree of deviation from the standard and its consequences on the health and well-being of the dog and the dog's ability to perform its traditional task..



    FALTAS GRAVES:

    • Lack of muscle bone development (weakness).
    • Partially pigmented truffle in adult specimens
    • Small teeth, weak or sick
    • Presence of ectropion or entropion on your eyelids
    • Round looking eyes by the shape of your eyelids, bulging eyes, clear or yellow.
    • Barrel Chest.
    • Quill chest Very flat ribs.
    • Lack of chest depth, that does not reach the line of the elbows
    • Lack of angulation of any of your locomotive trains
    • Rump higher than the cross.
    • Amble movement.
    • Males and females whose weight does not conform to what is established herein and is not related to their tall

    FALTAS DISQUALIFYING:

    • Aggressiveness or extreme shyness.
    • Any dog ​​showing clear signs of physical or behavioral abnormalities must be disqualified..
    • Prognathism higher than the bottom
    • deaf
    • Lack of typicity.
    • Long hair.
    • Total lack of pigmentation in the nose in specimens older than two years
    • Brown truffle.
    • Pendulum lip.
    • Hair spots on the body.
    • More than one stain on the head
    • Size smaller or greater than the established
    • Eyes of different color or zarco
    • Lack of sexual dimorphism.


    N.B.:
    • Males should have two normal-appearing testicles fully descended into the scrotum..
    • Only functionally and clinically healthy dogs, with the typical conformation of the breed, should be used for parenting.

    TRANSLATION: Jorge Nallem

    Source: F.C.I - International Cynological Federation

    Alternative names:

    1. Argentine Dogo, Dogo (English).
    2. Dogo argentino (French).
    3. Dogo Argentino (German).
    4. Dogue argentino, Mastim argentino (Portuguese).
    5. Argentine Mastiff, Mastín Argentino (español).

    1 – Argentine Dogo dog by joseltr / CC0
    2 – Dogo argentino by https://pxhere.com/es/photo/66875
    3 – Argentine mastiff – Name: Ridge Owner: – Fred, of Domaine Salvator by Wikipedia
    4 – Dogo Argentino during dogs show in Katowice, Poland by Lilly M / CC BY-SA
    5 – Dogo Argentino by Paul Hermans / CC BY-SA
    6 – Eggon taking his daily walk by Blabriel / CC BY-SA