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Welsh Springer Spaniel
Gran Bretaรฑaa Gales- FCI 126 . Flushing Dogs

Welsh Springer Spaniel

The Welsh Springer Spaniel tends to be quite shy, and for that reason he needs a good socialization when he is a puppy.

Content

History

Little is known about the origins of Welsh Springer Spaniel, but it is considered a very old breed, whose ancestors date back to Roman Britain. Renaissance tapestries show spaniels that look a lot like today's Welsh Springer; similar red and white Spaniels appear in some 18th century portraits. In the 19th century, dogs were little known, except in the Neath Valley region, in south wales.

The preponderance of dog shows at the end of the 19th century led to a renewed interest in the breed, who made his appearance at the first Kennel Club show, held in 1873. It was judged alongside the black and white Spaniel and the Welsh Springer Spaniel white. With the time, the two races parted.

For a long time he was mistaken for the English Cocker Spaniel and was not recognized until 1902.

It is an ancient race of pure origin, which was used for a time as a herding dog. Thanks to its enormous adaptability, the Welsh Springer Spaniel It is also an excellent companion dog..

The American Kennel Club recognized the Welsh Springer in 1906, but few people were interested in race. At the end of the Second World War, practically non-existent in the United States, until they were imported 11 copies in 1949. A dozen years later, the Welsh Springer Spaniel Club of America was founded. In the news, the Welsh Springer Spaniel still a well kept secret, since it occupies the position 127 between breeds registered by the AKC, in front of 113 a decade.

Photo: Welsh Springer Spaniel, Pozlovice by Pavel ล evela, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons

Physical characteristics

The Welsh Springer Spaniel differs from his cousin, the English Springer Spaniel, by a flowing red and white coat, a somewhat more relaxed personality and a slightly smaller size that ranges between 15 and 20 Kg.

With its moderate size, can be a good option for households with children: the Welsh Springer Spaniel not big enough to accidentally harm little ones, and he's not small enough to risk being hurt by overly enthusiastic kids.

Size and weight

▷ Male size: 45 – 48 cm.
▷ female size: 43 – 47 cm.
▷ Male weight: 15 – 20 kg
▷ female weight: 16 – 20 kg

Character and skills

The Welsh Springer Spaniel is loving, Intelligent, quick to learn and usually good at remembering what you have learned. Compared to many other Spaniels, he is protector of his family and his property, and prone to barking at anything that catches his eye. The Welsh Springer Spaniel can become very attached to his people, but a second dog can help you give an additional outlet to your affection.

But, with strangers, tends to be a reserved dog. Does not tend to be shy or unfriendly, but it takes time to get comfortable with new people. Children and other pets see your friendly side, especially when raised with them. But keep in mind that a Welsh Springer Spaniel boisterous may unintentionally knock over a young child, so always supervise play with young children.

In the countryside, the Welsh Springer Spaniel he is a great worker able to function in any terrain, and is more than happy to be outdoors all day, always staying close to his hunter. Its olfactory ability is excellent and it can hunt any type of game. If you live with a non-hunter family, two or three long walks a day will also satisfy your exercise needs.

Regarding training, opt for accolades, not by force. Although it may be stubborn, the Welsh Springer Spaniel responds well to constant training and rewards. Plan to start training your puppy the day you bring him home.. It is able to absorb everything you teach it even at seven to eight weeks of age.. One Welsh Springer Spaniel young man will test him to see what he can do, so try to take him to puppy kindergarten class when he has 12 weeks, and socializes, socialice, socialice. But, note that many puppy training classes require that certain vaccinations (such as kennel cough) stay up to date, and many veterinarians recommend limiting exposure to other dogs and public places until puppy vaccinations are complete (including rabies, distemper and parvovirus). Instead of formal training, you can start house training your puppy and socialize with family and friends until puppy vaccinations are completed.

Health

The Welsh Springer Spaniel are predisposed to some diseases, such as hip and elbow dysplasia, hypothyroidism and eye diseases such as entropion, glaucoma, progressive retinal atrophy and inherited cataracts.

Not all of these diseases are detectable in a growing puppy, and it can be difficult to predict whether an animal will be free of these maladies, so you should find a trusted breeder who is committed to raising the healthiest animals possible. You should be able to produce an independent certificate that the dog's parents (and grandparents, etc.) have been screened for these defects and considered healthy for breeding. That's where health records come in..

Careful breeders screen their dogs for genetic diseases and breed only the best-looking dogs, but sometimes mother nature has other ideas and a puppy can develop one of these diseases. In most cases, can still have a good life, thanks to advances in veterinary medicine. And remember that you have the power to protect your Welsh Springer Spaniel one of the most common health problems: the obesity. Keeping it at a suitable weight is a simple way to extend the life of your pet.

Life expectancy:

12 to 15 years.

Grooming

The Welsh Springer Spaniel has a smooth, silky coat that needs to be brushed and combed at least twice a week - and every time he returns from hunting- to avoid entanglement. The best tools for this task are a bristle brush and a stainless steel comb.. Brush the fur on the paws, the body and ears with the brush to remove dead hairs and use the comb for the rest of the body. You should also ask your breeder to show you how to do detailed trimming with razor and scissors to achieve a neat look..

The rest is basic care: Trim nails as needed, usually every one to two weeks. And keep your ears clean and dry, especially if your Welsh Springer Spaniel is a swimmer. Brush teeth frequently with a vet-approved pet toothpaste for overall good health and fresh breath.

Characteristics "Welsh Springer Spaniel"

Coexistence is important that you have with your new friend. Before considering the acquisition of a dog of the breed "Welsh Springer Spaniel" you know certain factors. Not all breeds of dogs are apt to live in an apartment, you must take into account his character, their need for exercise, their interaction with other pets, their care and if you have small children, their level of tolerance towards them.

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Images "Welsh Springer Spaniel"

Photos:

1 – Welsh Springer Spaniel by Siri, CC BY-SA 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons
2 – Our Welsh Springer Spaniel ยซOne more timeยป (Sassa) from the Trigger kennel in Scania, Suecia by Local_Profile, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons
3 – Welsh Springer Spaniel by https://pixy.org/161994/
4 – Welsh Springer Spaniel, with 8 meses by echnoview
5 – Welsh Springer Spaniel by Siri Spjelkavik, CC BY-SA 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons
6 – Welsh Springer Spaniel by Wikipedia

Videos "Welsh Springer Spaniel"

Type and recognitions:

  • FCI CLASSIFICATION:
  • Group :
  • Section : . .

Federations:

  • FCI – Group 8: Retrievers - Flushing Dogs - Water Dogs – Section 2: Retrievers โ“˜
  • AKCSporting โ“˜
  • ANKC Group 3 (Gundogs) โ“˜
  • CKCSporting Dogs โ“˜
  • โ€‹KC – Gundog โ“˜
  • NZKCGundog โ“˜
  • UKCGun Dogs โ“˜

FCI breed standard "Welsh Springer Spaniel"

Origin:
United Kingdom, Wales

Date of publication of the valid original standard:
28.07.2009

Use:

Hunting dog



General appearance:

Symmetrically shaped dog, compact, no patilargo, evidently built to endure and dedicate himself to hard work. He is fast and very active, shows a lot of drive and vigor.



Behavior / temperament:

It is a very ancient and unique breed of pure origin. It is a robust dog, cheerful and very active. Affable character, showing no aggression or nervousness.

Head:

---

Cranial region:
  • Skull: Slightly domed, has a proportionate length; well outlined under the eyes.
  • Depression links (Stop): Well defined

facial region:

  • Truffle: Flesh to dark color; the windows are well developed.
  • Snout: It has a medium length; it is straight and quite square.
  • Jaws / Teeth: Must have strong jaws, with a scissor bite, perfect, regular and complete, that is to say that the inner side of the upper incisors is in close contact with the external surface of the lower incisors, and the teeth being placed vertically in the jaws.
  • Eyes: Hazelnut or dark, medium-sized, neither prominent nor sunken and must not show the ocular mucosa.
  • Ears: Ears should be set moderately low and hang close to the cheeks. Proportionally small, they gradually taper towards the tips and have a shape somewhat similar to the leaf of the vine..

Neck:

Long, muscular, no dewlap and well set on oblique shoulders.

Body:

Not long, but strong and muscular. The length of the body must be proportional to the height of the limbs.

  • Pork loin: Muscular, slightly arched and well attached.
  • Breast : Deep chest; the ribs are well arched.

Tail:

Previously the custom was to amputate the tail.
  • amputee: Good insertion and low, never carried above the level of the top line. Vivacious in action.
  • Without amputating: Good insertion and low, never carried above the level of the top line. Vivacious in action. With fleco. In balance with the rest of the dog


Tips

Former members:
  • General appearance: Medium long, straight and with good bones.
  • Previous feet: Round, with thick pads. Compact and cat-like; In addition, they should not be large or squashed.
Later members:
  • General appearance: Strong and muscular, wide and very well developed. They must be of good bone.
  • Femoro-tibio-patellar joints (Knees): Moderately angled, without turning in or out.
  • Legs: Deep.
  • Hocks: Well descended.
  • Hind feet: Round, with thick pads. Compact and cat-like; In addition, they should not be large or squashed.

Movement:

Agile movement, powerful, that covers a lot of ground and has a large rear drive force.

Mantle

Fur:

Smooth or flattened, dense and silky in texture, never rough or wavy. Curly hair is highly undesirable. The fore and hind legs above the hocks have moderate feather-shaped hair.; ears and tail are lightly covered with long feather hair.

Color:

Dark red and white. No other color.



Size and weight:

โ–ท Approximate height: Males: 48 cm. (19 inches) to the cross,

โ–ท Females: 46 cm. (18 inches) to the cross.



Fouls:

Any deviation from the aforementioned criteria is considered as a fault and the severity of this is considered to the degree of the deviation to the standard and its consequences on the health and well-being of the dog., and the ability of the dog to carry out their traditional work.

disqualifying fouls:

โ€ข Aggressiveness or extreme shyness.
โ€ข Any dog โ€‹โ€‹showing clear signs of physical or behavioral abnormalities.



N.B.:
  • Males should have two normal-appearing testicles fully descended into the scrotum..
  • Only functionally and clinically healthy dogs, with the typical conformation of the breed, should be used for parenting.

The latest changes are in bold.

Source: F.C.I - International Cynological Federation

Alternative names:

1. Welsh Springer, Welsh Starter, Welshie (English).
2. Springer Gallois (French).
3. Welsh Springer Spaniel (German).
4. (em inglรชs: Welsh Springer Spaniel) (Portuguese).
5. Springer Galรฉs (espaรฑol).

โ–ท The world of Pets: Dogs, cats, birds, reptiles, amphibians

Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever
Canadรก FCI 312 . Retrievers

Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever

The Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever is a very intelligent dog, resistant and playful.

Content

History

Sometimes nicknamed "Tollerยซ, the Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever is originally from the Little River area of รขโ‚ฌโ€นรขโ‚ฌโ€นNova Scotia, a province on the Atlantic coast of Canada. It was long known as "Little River Duck Dog" before adopting its current name in 1945.

Although its exact origins remain uncertain, it is well established that it was developed both to bring the aquatic game and to lure it to the hunter's shore in advance. The Micmacs (Mi’kmaq), First Nations people of Eastern Canada, were the first to instill this technique in their dogs. The idea came from observing how red foxes attract waterfowl to shore by splashing water to excite their curiosity, before attacking them once they have approached.

Regarding the idea of รขโ‚ฌโ€นรขโ‚ฌโ€นtraining dogs to recover waterfowl, spread rapidly in the 19th century. It was then that breeders based in England, The United States and Canada developed various breeds of Retrievers, almost all of which are named after their place of origin (Labrador Retriever, Chesapeake Bay Retriever, etc.). This is also what Canadian breeders in the Little River area did, more specifically from Yarmouth County, with the exception that they aspired to create a dog capable of attracting game, drawing inspiration from the knowledge of the Micmacs. To achieve your goal, crossed the dogs used by the Micmacs with others Retrievers (as the Golden Retriever), as well as with him English Springer Spaniel, the Irish Setter and some Collies used by farmers in the region. The result of his work was called the Little River Duck Hunting Dog.

The fact that this place was quite remote is probably largely due to, for more than a century, only known in his native region. In 1945, the Canadian Kennel Club (CKC) officially recognized the breed and renamed it Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever. This recognition took her out of anonymity.

Over the years 60, the Toller began to be used more in the United States, although its popularity remained limited. Was not up 1984 when a breed club was created in the country, and up 1987 when it was officially recognized by the United Kennel Club (UKC). Regarding the other reference organization in the country, the American Kennel Club (AKC), did the same only 16 years later, in 2003.

It also spread across Europe, especially after its recognition for the Fรฉdรฉration Cynologique Internationale (FCI) in 1981.

In England, made its appearance mainly through hunting clubs and dog competitions, like the ring and agility. He was recognized by the Kennel Club (KC) in 1988.

Both in Canada and in the rest of the world, the breed is known primarily to fans of waterfowl hunting. Its use as a family dog โ€‹โ€‹is gaining popularity in many countries., but it is still far from being one of the most popular breeds.

In United States, for example, the race occupies around the post 80 (of something less than 200) in the AKC breed classification based on the number of annual AKC registrations, having uploaded some 20 put in 2010.

The rise has been even steeper in France, where, However, started from a lower base. In effect, while the number of registrations in the Livre des Origines Franรงais (LOF) I was not in my twenties before 2010, multiplied by more than five over the next decade, until exceeding one hundred at the end of the latter.

On the other hand, en el Reino Unido, the appeal of Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever has been generally stable over the same period: despite occasional spikes in some years, the Kennel Club registers around 200 births per year.

Physical characteristics

The Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever, is a dog from medium-sized, powerful, compact structure, muscular and well-proportioned body.

One of its many characteristics to highlight is its extreme agility, determination and Security their movements.

It is from the section of the Retrievers, the smallest of all, the males measuring of 48 to 51 cm. and females of 45 to 48 cm..

Their eyes are size medium, almond-shaped and mostly range from amber to brown in color. Its expression is friendly, lively and with some mischief.

The ears they are medium-sized and form triangular. Its tail, wide at the base and thinner towards the tip is populated with generous fringes.

Its the mantle of double layer and waterproof, the layer external the way a soft hair with medium length, and internal layer, It is composed of a dense and even softer hair.

The color the layer can be of several all within the range of the Orange. They may have white markings at the tip of the tail, the feet, the breast and chest.

It is currently used mostly for waterfowl hunting, When you separate charge, acts as a lure, attracting the birds' attention with its movements and jumps.

Height and weight

    ▷ Male size: of 48 to 51 cm.
    ▷ female size: Of 45 to 48 cm.
    ▷ Male weight: Of 20 to 23 kg
    ▷ female weight: Of 17 to 20 kg

Character and skills

The Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever He is intelligent and independent, with sense of humor, curiosity and ability to play. But, needs a firm master who provides a framework with clear boundaries, or else you can become the master of your own mind and become the master of the house.

In particular, it is an ideal dog with children, since it shows an energy at least equal to theirs and does not stop bringing what they send for. But, It's important to put attention on, regardless of race, a dog should never be left alone with a young child without adult supervision.

He usually gets along well with his peers - especially those of his own race- and is usually happy in his company. Living with other pets, on the other hand, it's much more chaotic. His strong hunting instinct leads him to consider cats and other small domestic animals as prey, and therefore to chase them. Fencing the garden is strongly recommended to prevent it from chasing other animals. It is useless to hope that an underground electric fence can stop it., since the discomfort he feels is no match for his hunting instinct. The latter also clearly explains why it is preferable to keep him on a leash when out in public.

In any case, can be counted on to report anything that seems abnormal. Constantly on the prowl, will not stop warning as soon as someone approaches the house. Next, he usually copies his answer to his master's, and does not hesitate to defend it if necessary. On the other hand, if you see that the newcomer is welcome, does the same, maintaining the natural reserve that it has towards strangers.

The Toller is not recommended for apartment living, if only because it can be relatively noisy. Does not bark excessively, but when he gets excited (either by certain noises, from the sight of small animals or from the game), emits an almost shrill bark, which some breeders and owners describe as hard to bear. Of course, this problem is less pronounced if the apartment is rather quiet. In any case, adjusting to apartment living depends on being provided with a sufficient amount of exercise, that is to say, at least an hour a day.

This is especially true during their first year of life., during which he is extremely active and playful. It is then necessary to provide a large number of stimuli and activities, but at the same time you have to know how to moderate your ardor. In effect, while in full development and has not fully developed its muscles (what happens around one year of age), remains especially fragile. So, you need to increase the duration and intensity of exercise very gradually throughout your growth period, at the risk of causing injuries or even malformations that would penalize him for the rest of his life.

After his first birthday, the Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever becomes much less hyperactive. Conserve a large amount of energy, but you can settle for a good hour of daily activity to keep your feet on the ground. But, there is something else: it is an ideal dog for a sports master, who wants to take his partner for long walks, for example. Able to easily adapt to different environments, it is a very good traveling companion.

During their pilgrimages, always willing to take a dip if the opportunity presents itself: having been developed to hunt in aquatic environments, swimming is one of his favorite activities, even in murky water. Not necessarily an ideal choice for a master who wants a perfectly clean companion and a flawless interior., as it gives you smart pleasure to play in the mud and roll in the dust.

Created to help humans during their hunting sessions, the Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever seeks the company of his family and needs mental stimulation. He likes nothing more than keeping busy and feeling useful.. Otherwise, they are likely to get bored and start digging, chew on things or bark incessantly.

The average life expectancy is of some 12-14 years.

Observations

It is a race very rare in Europe, However in North America it is quite popular and is widespread.

Education

Because they are constantly trying to please their owners, the Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever they are quite easy to train. This is especially true because he likes to be mentally stimulated and useful., so he is always ready to learn new orders.

But, as he has a relatively strong temperament, it is best to avoid trying to train him under pressure or duress, as he finds it hard to bear and may even refuse to cooperate. On the other hand, dog training techniques based on positive reinforcement, employed by a quiet master, patient and persistent, are exactly what you need. As long as you are motivated and find an interest in what you do, he is a very good student.

It may take some subtlety to establish authority and respect for your dog without rushing him, but this is necessary to develop your trust in your master and for both of you to have fun together during training sessions. Consistency is also important: if the rules are not clear or consistent over time or among household members, most likely he will decide for himself what to expect.

Puppy socialization is important to all breeds, but it is even more important for the Toller, who can be especially reserved with strangers. Thus, it is important to let you meet all kinds of people, other animals and situations from an early age, to prevent him from becoming a shy adult.

One of the easiest things to do in raising a Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever is to teach you to bring things home to order, because he is a born dog. This can be checked if it is used for hunting: requires few stimuli and quickly integrates behaviors such as baiting or game recovery, that are quite natural for him.

Imitation learning can be an important part of your education, since he is very attentive and learns a lot through observation. Clicker training is also especially effective with it, as it is more stimulating for him to learn to perform tasks in response to a visual or auditory cue, like the sound of a whistle or clicker, that by repetition. It also, hates repeating the same exercise over and over again: to ensure your full cooperation, it is better to diversify the training sessions.

Also performs very well in shows and obedience, as well as in agility competitions. Teaching him these dog sports and practicing them with him are excellent levers to use in his education.: keeps you busy and stimulates you both mentally and physically.

Translation done with the free version of the translator www.DeepL.com/Translator

Health

The Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever is generally a healthy dog.

But, the relatively small gene pool on which it is based has led to the emergence of inbreeding-related diseases in the breed's population.

The main risks to which you are exposed are the following:

  • the Hip Dysplasia, which may be favored by a hereditary predisposition. Is a source of pain, lameness and then osteoarthritis. The set reduces the mobility of the animal;
  • The patella dislocation, an orthopedic condition that, according to its severity, may be asymptomatic and cause simple discomfort or total loss of knee mobility. In the most serious cases, corrective surgery is required;
  • Progressive retinal atrophy, an inherited disease that first affects night vision, then to the daytime and, finally, leads to total blindness of the dog;
  • Collie eye abnormality, an inherited disease that may or may not be progressive. when it is so, can end up causing blindness of the dog;
  • The Addison's disease (hipocorticism), an endocrine disorder that develops more often in women between the ages of four and six. Produces general weakness, anorexia, vomiting, diarrhea and weight loss;
  • The Hypothyroidism, which is the result of an alteration of the thyroid gland and causes lethargy, weight loss and hair loss, as well as great fatigue;
  • The deafness, that usually appears around the 7 u 8 years in affected individuals. Some bloodlines seem to be more prone to it than others.

It also, due to the folded shape of his ears, are more prone to infections at this level, like otitis.

Adopt from a breeder Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever professional and reputable offers guarantees for a number of possible genetic diseases, thanks to the tests that have had to be carried out on the parents or the puppy. The breeder should also be able to provide details of the vaccinations the puppy has received, as recorded in your health or vaccination record, as well as a certificate from a veterinarian attesting to the good health of the puppy.

Of course, this does not exempt you from doing everything possible to keep you healthy throughout your life. In this issue, prevention plays an important role, just like in humans: it is important to make sure they are examined by a vet at least once a year. This routine check-up can allow, in particular, detect a possible health problem at an early stage, but also make sure you don't miss one of your shots.

Life expectancy

Of 12 to 14 years

Grooming

The Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever it is an easy-care dog.

A weekly brushing is usually enough to keep their coat shiny and tangle-free.. The exception is during the spring and fall shedding periods., when daily brushing is recommended to remove the numerous dead hairs.

How sometimes he likes to play in the mud and get dirty, regular bathing may be necessary, especially to avoid the accumulation of dirt in the coat. How you like water, not usually recalcitrant. But, be sure to use a shampoo specially designed for dogs, as it can damage your skin.

Take advantage of your dog's weekly coat maintenance session to check the condition of his eyes and clean them.

Looking at your ears, require special vigilance, since its folded shape implies an increased risk of infection. They should also be carefully examined and cleaned weekly.. It also, It is recommended to dry them after swimming to prevent moisture from settling, as it facilitates the development of bacteria.

You should also brush your teeth at least once a week. Otherwise, as with any dog, plaque build-up will eventually lead to tartar build-up, which can cause bad breath and other ailments. Even more frequent brushing is recommended, ideally every day. In any case, it is essential to use a toothpaste specially designed for dogs.

Looking at its claws, natural wear and tear is usually enough to file them. But, You must periodically check that this is the case.. If that is not the case, must be manually trimmed with a dog nail clipper, as otherwise there is a risk that they will become a nuisance or break.

The different gestures to maintain the coat, the eyes, the ears, your dog's teeth or claws aren't necessarily natural, especially for a beginner owner. But, it is not only essential to do them, but also to do them without risk of injuring or even harming the animal. So, it may be wise to learn them from a vet or groomer the first time, to make sure you know how to do them correctly after. By the way, the sooner you get used to your dog, the less likely you are to feel uncomfortable or even recalcitrant during these operations.

It is also essential to ensure that you exercise on uneven and rather abrasive surfaces: this keeps your pads in good condition and prevents them from becoming too soft, since then they would accumulate dirt more easily and be more prone to lacerations.

Use

The Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever It is mainly used as a hunting dog for waterfowl, which is capable not only of recovering, but also to attract the hunter. English name Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever reflects this particularity, since the word ยซtollingยป comes from the verb ยซtollenยซ, What does "attract" mean?.

To attract waterfowl, plays on the edge of the pond and makes splashes that sound a bit like a duck flapping its wings on the surface of the water. curious by nature, waterfowl come to shore to see what happens. When they are close enough, the great retreats behind the hunter's shed, and it rises to chase away the game and make it fly: just shoot your prey. Next, the dog re-enters the scene, this time to search and retrieve the downed game. This ingenious technique requires a lot of control, obedience and complicity, and it is precisely by emphasizing these traits that the race was created and developed.

In addition to his quite unique hunting skills, the Toller also excels in a large number of canine sports disciplines, like the ring, el agility, obedience, the flyball and even the canine frisbee (discdog).

It is also a good family dog, who gets along especially well with children and loves to do all kinds of activities with his master.

Quite suspicious of strangers and always attentive, is always alert barking when a stranger approaches the house, although not the most dissuasive or aggressive of guard dogs, far from it.

Last, as long as, of course, receive specific training, They can also be part of the very selective group of maritime rescue dogs..

Characteristics "Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever"

Coexistence is important that you have with your new friend. Before considering the acquisition of a dog of the breed "Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever" you know certain factors. Not all breeds of dogs are apt to live in an apartment, you must take into account his character, their need for exercise, their interaction with other pets, their care and if you have small children, their level of tolerance towards them.

Adaptation โ“˜

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

friendly dog โ€‹โ€‹โ“˜

5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

hair loss โ“˜

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Affection level โ“˜

5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Need for exercise โ“˜

5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Social need โ“˜

4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Home โ“˜

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Toilet โ“˜

2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Friendly with strangers โ“˜

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

barking โ“˜

2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Health โ“˜

4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Territorial โ“˜

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Cat friendly โ“˜

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Intelligence โ“˜

4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Versatility โ“˜

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Child friendly โ“˜

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Images ยซNova Scotia Retrieverยป

ยซNova Scotia Retrieverยป Videos

  • FCI – Group 8: Retrievers - Flushing Dogs - Water Dogs – Section 1: Retrievers โ“˜
  • AKCSporting โ“˜
  • ANKC Group 3 (Gundogs) โ“˜
  • CKCSporting Dogs โ“˜
  • โ€‹KC – Gundog โ“˜
  • NZKCGundog โ“˜
  • UKCGun Dogs โ“˜

FCI breed standard "Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever"

Origin:
Canada

Date of publication of the valid original standard:
24.06.1987

Use:

The retriever runs, jump and play along the shore in sight of a flock of ducks, sometimes disappearing and then quickly reappearing, supported by the action of the hidden hunter, who throws wands or a ball at him. The dog game attracts the attention of ducks that approach the shore and are drawn within range of the shooting line.. Then, the hunter
order the dog to collect the injured or dead birds.



General appearance:

This is a medium-sized dog, powerful, compact, well balanced and muscular with medium to thick bones. Has great agility and determination and is always alert. Many dogs of this breed have a slight expression of sadness, but when they work their appearance changes and they show great concentration and enthusiasm. During work, moves and rushes quickly, raises the head almost to the level of the back and constantly wags its tail covered with abundant fringes of hair.



Behavior / temperament:

This is a very intelligent and easy-to-train dog that has great stamina.
He is a good and skilled swimmer, a tenacious collector by nature, both on land and in the water. He is ready for action as soon as he receives the slightest hint that the hunt will have to charge.. His great enthusiasm as a collector and his playful nature are essential qualities that he must possess to deceive and collect the game..

Head:

The head is well defined and has a slight wedge shape.

Cranial region:
  • Skull: The broad skull is only slightly rounded; occiput is not prominent and cheeks are flat. Some measures
    suitable for an average male would be 14 cm between ears, decreasing to 3,8 cm on the muzzle. The length of the head is approximately 23 cm from nose to occiput, but its size must be in proportion to the size of the body.
  • Depression links (Stop): Moderate.

facial region:

  • Truffle: Tapers from base to tip. The Windows are wide open. The color must be black, or harmonize with the coat.
  • Snout: It decreases in a well-defined line from the naso-frontal depression to the nose.. The lower jaw is strong, but not prominent. The lower line of the muzzle is almost straight from the corner of the lip to the angle of the jaw. The depth of the muzzle at the level of the naso-frontal depression is greater than at the level of the nose. The hair on the muzzle is short and fine.
  • Lips: Lips are quite tight, forming a smooth curve in profile. The lips are not thick.
  • Jaws / Teeth: The jaws are strong enough to hold a sizable bird.. Mouth smoothness is essential. The correct joint is in the form of a narrow scissor; a full denture is required.

EYES: They are well separated, they are almond-shaped and medium in size. Its color ranges from amber to brown. They are friendly in expression, alert and intelligent. The skin around the eyes should be the same color as that of the lips.

EARS: They have a triangular shape, they are medium in size and set high, well toward the back of the skull; the base is very slightly erect. The back of the double has a fringe of hairs. The hair is short at the tip, which is rounded.

Neck:

Is medium sized, well muscled and well inserted. There is no presence of dewlap.

Body:

  • top line: Evenly horizontal.
  • Back: It's short and straight.
  • Pork loin: Strong and muscular.
  • Breast : Deep, chest descends to elbows.. Snugly ribs, neither flat nor barrel-shaped.
  • Belly: Moderately withdrawn.

Tail:

Follows the slight natural slope of the rump. It is wide at the base, with abundant and exuberant fringe of hair. The last vertebra reaches at least as far as the hock. The tail can be carried lower than the level of the back, except when the dog is alert, in which case he hunches over and stands up, although it never touches the body.

Tips

PREVIOUS MEMBERS:

  • As a whole: Front members should look like parallel columns. They are straight and strong boned.
  • Shoulder: They must be very muscular; shoulder blade is well attached and tilted back, allowing the inclination of the withers towards the region of the back, which is short The shoulder blade and forearm are approximately the same length.
  • Elbows: They must be attached to the body, without deviating or inward, nor out. Its movement must be free and uniform.
  • Metacarpus: They are strong and slightly sloping.
  • Front feet: They are medium in size and rounded with well developed skin between the toes.. Fingers are well together and arched. The pads are thick. Dewclaws can be removed.

LATER MEMBERS:

  • As a whole: They are muscular, wide and square in appearance, posterior and anterior angulations should be balanced. Thigh and leg are approximately the same length.
  • Thighs:Well muscled.
  • Knee: Well angled.
  • Hocks: Well placed close to the ground,without deviating or inward,nor out. There should be no dewclaws.
  • Rear feet: Like the forwards.

Movement:

The Nova Scotia Collector movement is powerful at the same time, elastic and lively. The forelimbs show good range and the hindlimbs give great momentum. The feet should not deviate or inward, nor outwards and the limbs must move in a straight line. As speed increases, the feet tend to come closer when they land on the ground, forming a single footprint; the top line must remain uniform.

Mantle

HAIR : Since this dog was bred to collect hunting in icy waters,must have a double coat, waterproof,of moderate length and softness, and a softer and denser undercoat. On the back it can be slightly wavy, but in the rest of the body it is stretched. In winter it can form a long, loose curl in the throat. The fringes of hair are soft on the throat,behind the ears and behind the thighs. In the forelimbs the fringes of hair are moderately developed.

COLOR: It comes in various shades of red or orange; the fringes of hair and the lower part of the tail are lighter. For the usual, one of the following white markings can be seen: at the tip of the tail, the feet (without extending beyond the metacarpals or hocks), the chest, and a white list on the forehead. A dog that shows otherwise great qualities should not be penalized for not presenting white markings.. The pigment of the nose, the lips and the rim of the eyes should be flesh-colored, harmonizing with that of the fur, or black.



Size and weight:

Ideal height: For males over 18 months is 48 to 51 cm., and for females over 18 months, is of 45 to 48 cm..
Allowed 2,5 cm above or below the ideal size.

Weight: It should be in proportion to the height and bone structure of the dog; of 20 to 23 kg for adult males, and 17 to 20 kg for adult females.



Fouls:

Any deviation from the aforementioned criteria is considered as a fault and the severity of this is considered to the degree of the deviation to the standard and its consequences on the health and well-being of the dog..

SERIOUS FAULTS:

โ€ข Longitudinal axes of the nasal ridge and snout diverging or converging.
โ€ข Abrupt naso-frontal depression.
โ€ข Clearly pink nose.
โ€ข Truffle, eyes and rim of the eyes of a color other than the established one.
โ€ข Superior prognathism.
โ€ข Round and large eyes.
โ€ข Convex or concave back.
โ€ข Loose loin.
โ€ข Tail carried below the level of the back when the dog is moving. Tail too short, or if it curls up and touches the back.
โ€ข Pasterns too inclined.
โ€ข Crushed feet, with thin pads.
โ€ข Separate coat (not thick enough).
โ€ข Adult dog that lacks substance.
โ€ข Dogs with 2,5 cm above or below ideal height.

FALTAS DESCALIFICANTES:

โ€ข Aggressiveness or extreme shyness.
โ€ข Any dog โ€‹โ€‹showing clear signs of physical or behavioral abnormalities.
โ€ข Any signs of shyness in adult dogs.
โ€ข Partially depigmented nose.
โ€ข Superior prognathism of 3 mm (1/8 inch).
โ€ข Lower prognathism. Deviated arch of incisors.
โ€ข Absence of skin between the toes.
โ€ข White color on the shoulders, around the ears, behind the neck, through the back or on the flanks.
โ€ข Silver fur, gray or with black areas.
โ€ข Any color other than red or orange tone.



N.B.:

โ€ข Males must have two normal-appearing testicles fully descended into the scrotum..
โ€ข Only functionally and clinically healthy dogs, with the typical conformation of the breed, should be used for parenting.

Source: F.C.I - International Cynological Federation

Alternative names:

1. Yarmouth Toller, Tolling Retriever, Little Red Duck Dog, Little River Duck Dog, Toller, Duck Toller (English).
2. Nova Scotia, (Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever en anglais) (French).
3. Nova Scotia Retriever, Toller (German).
4. (em inglรชs: Nova Scotia duck tolling retriever) (Portuguese).
5. en inglรฉs: Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever, Toller, Novie, Retriever (espaรฑol).

โ–ท The world of Pets: Dogs, cats, birds, reptiles, amphibians

Kooikerhondje (Kooiker)
Holanda FCI 314 . Flushing Dogs

Kooikerhondje

The Kooikerhondje initially it was registered among the companion dogs. Outside Holland it is practically unknown.

Content

History

This puppy with an unpronounceable original name has a long history, that begins in the Middle Ages, more specifically in the fifteenth century, when the Spanish brought the first Spaniels to the Netherlands. Several crosses with local dogs resulted in the Kooikerhondje (Kooiker). The dog quickly spread, appearing in many paintings by 17th century Dutch masters, como Jan Steen (1626-1679), but also in literature, especially in the Dutch Historian Stories Pieter Corneliszoon Hooft (1581-1647).

It was his special talent for hunting ducks that made him famous. Dutch for "small cager dog" (other name of Kooikerhondje – Kooiker). He was trained to lure ducks with his white plumed tail into trapped channels that ended in a cage (ยซeendenkooiยซ, in Dutch), where the hunters (ยซkooikerยซ) they could catch them easily. The specimens used for this hunting technique were called ยซhondjes de Kooikerยซ, and the name has remained in this breed.

Apart from the Kooikerhondje (Kooiker), few breeds are capable of learning this hunting technique. A notable exception is the Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever, which appeared in the 19th century and is generally considered to be a descendant of the Kooiker.

But, the usefulness of the dog did not end there: when it wasn't duck hunting season, it was used to hunt vermin.

Its population declined rapidly between the two wars, mainly due to the abandonment of this hunting method (which required a lot of work to keep the channels from the traps) in favor of the use of the rifle, facilitated by the greater precision of firearms. Like this, on the eve of World War II, the breed had almost disappeared, with a total number of individuals estimated at only thirty.

After the invasion of the Netherlands in 1940, the baronessa von Hardenbroek of Ammerstol, in the spirit of resistance to the German occupation, decided to save this typically dutch dog. Delivered a black and white photo to several street vendors, asking them to notify you if they encountered such an animal. That's how he found Tommy, a female Kooiker from the North of the Netherlands, which was the reason for the rebirth of the breed as we know it today.

Among 1942 and 1976, the baroness raised 52 layers of Dutch foxhounds that were named after his kennel, from Valhalla, and obtained the recognition of the breed by the Raad van Beheer (the official canine organization of the country) in 1971. Later, the breed was recognized by the Fรฉdรฉration Cynologique Internationale (FCI) in 1990 and by the United Kennel Club (UKC) American in 1996. The other leading American organization, the American Kennel Club (AKC), did the same in 2004.

If he Kooikerhondje (Kooiker) has become a relatively common dog in its country of origin, not yet the case in the rest of the world, where remains unknown. But, things seem to be changing since the decade of 2010.

Like this, en el Reino Unido, where it is recognized by The Kennel Club, Enrollments have increased considerably since 2013, to the point of already exceeding fifty copies a year.

Also in France there is a certain madness for this breed: while in 2007 and 2012 they only signed up 5 specimens in the LOF (French Origin Book), between 2013 and 2018 there were more than 200.

In United States, the Dutch for "small cager dog" still very weird, but the Dutch Kooikerhondje Club of America (NKCUSA) registered 11 new breeders in 2018 and 2019, suggesting that the breed is also enjoying growing interest there, and that its population will increase rapidly.

Photo: Kooikerhondje puppy by Petful

Physical characteristics

The Kooikerhondje – Kooikerhondje is a medium-sized dog with a harmonious build, with a general appearance reminiscent of a Spaniel. Her body, slightly longer than tall, he is muscular but thin: they are dogs made for speed and agility. The tail follows the line of the back and reinforces its slender appearance.

The head is carried high, which gives it an aristocratic air. The skull is quite wide and rounded, while the muzzle, ending in a black nose, is slightly truncated. His dark brown almond eyes express intelligence and kindness. The ears are medium in size, placed in a line that starts from the nose and passes through the eye, falling down the cheeks.

The coat is of medium length and can be smooth or slightly wavy. The legs have a longer plumage on the hind legs than on the front ones., but it is the plumage of the tail that is most characteristic of the Kooikerhondje: long and white, giving the tail a feathery look. The long black hairs on the tips of the ears, known as "slopes", they are highly sought after.

The coat is predominantly white, with large well-marked orange-red spots on the body. The rule Kooiker accepts small marks of this color on the legs, as well as the presence of some black hairs mixed with the red-orange color. The head must have a clear white line that reaches the nose.

Sexual dimorphism is moderately marked, the male being slightly larger than the female, that tends to shed more hair during the shedding period.

Size and weight

▷ Male size: 38 – 42 cm.
▷ female size: 36 – 40 cm.
▷ Male weight: 10 – 13 kg.
▷ female weight: 9 – 12 kg.

Character and skills

The Kooikerhondje It is a loyal dog, very attached to his family, from which he does not like to part. But, they are not effusive and prefer to stay quietly by their master's side rather than jump up to show their attachment. You also need a quiet environment, and does not bear stress well: parties or frequent quarrels would risk lasting disturbance.

Logically, not a recommended breed of dog for young children, since the cries of a baby or the whims of a small child are hardly to his taste. They are much better suited to a family that shares their calm and relaxed approach to life..

They are quite suspicious of people they do not know, but they quickly accept those who pay them a little attention, especially if they take the trouble to offer them a reward.

Although it accepts other dogs of a similar character, does not particularly seek the company of other dogs. Regarding coexistence with other animals, especially with cats or rodents, can be especially difficult due to its strong hunting instinct. Even if he is able to get along with the household animals he has been raised with, the risk that one day he will start chasing the family cat is very real.

If his placid character could make him suitable for the elderly, he forgets a bit quickly that he is also very active, needing at least two hours of exercise a day. Having said that, he is not very demanding with what he does, and is just as likely to accompany its owner on a long, leisurely walk as it is to chase a ball with the children in the garden or fetch it. But, prefers water activities: to swim, jumping into the water or just playing in a pond are activities that make this water-loving dog happy, since he was originally bred to work on the canals.

If you can live in an apartment as long as your daily need for activity is met, the Kooikerhondje he greatly prefers having a garden in which to frolic. But, you need to make sure the space is well fenced because, even if I do not have a special predisposition to flee, his hunting instinct is likely to push him to run after all the animals in the region and, Therefore, to move away from your residence.

In any case, although it is generally calm, problems can arise if you don't get a chance to expend your energy and are left alone too often. In particular, the owner may face inopportune barking and / or destructive dog behavior.

Smart and attentive, to the Kooikerhondje he likes to be stimulated intellectually; they especially like obedience exercises or learning new tricks. But, your intelligence is a double-edged sword, as they quickly pick up on any hesitation on the part of their master, and they can decide to assume the leadership of the family pack. So, It is a breed reserved for a master who already has experience, in addition to being able to provide you with the stable environment you need.

Education

Like all dogs, the Kooiker needs to be socialized from a young age to get used to people, places, noises, smells… that you will know during your life. It is especially advisable to introduce the small animals that share your home as soon as possible, to minimize the risk of lawsuits or even accidents once you are an adult.

The Kooikerhondje, very sensible, reacts poorly to stressful situations and can be traumatized by traditional training methods. So, their training should be based on positive reinforcement: the compliments, accompanied by caresses and some sweets, they work much better than reprimands. But, your teacher must stand firm and consistent, so as not to confuse you and make you lose confidence in your leader's ability to lead.

It is important that all family members are involved in their education, to assimilate and accept your authority.

Active, smart and eager to please, the Kooikerhondje It is an ideal student for obedience exercises as well as for learning different dog sports.: flyball, agility, dogs-cross…

Health

The Kooiker has a small gene pool and, Therefore, is prone to many life-threatening genetic diseases. Fortunately, the work of selecting the breeders responsible for Kooiker has resulted in the practical elimination of these risks today.

These diseases with which the breed has often been associated are:

  • The von Willebrand disease, which causes blood clotting problems and can lead to death from bleeding. Widespread DNA testing since the years 90 make that today we hardly find more affected subjects;
  • hereditary necrotizing myelopathy, a neurological problem that affects the spinal cord and causes paralysis. Thanks to a responsible breeding policy, now there is less than one case a year worldwide;
  • The hereditary epilepsy, which can cause seizures that range from a few seconds to several minutes. The number of affected dogs is steadily declining, to the point that this disease only affects between 1 and 5 dogs a year;
  • The miositis, o polymositis, is a chronic inflammation of one or several muscles that can cause very different symptoms depending on the affected muscles. Potentially deadly, this disease is still relatively widespread, affecting about the 1% of the population;
  • The waterfall, an opaque filter in the eyes that can cause blindness in dogs, that has been practically eliminated;
  • The patellar dislocation moderate, which is disabling but not dangerous, and is by far the most common condition. In fact, almost the 15% of the breed representatives are affected.
  • Another risk to the health of the Dutch for "small cager dog" is obesity, so the owner should regularly check that the dog is not overweight, in addition to giving him enough exercise.

    Last, like all breeds of dogs with hanging ears, are at increased risk of ear infections.

    Life expectancy

    12 to 14 years

    Grooming

    The Kooikerhondje it is a low maintenance breed of dog. A quick weekly brushing is more than enough to keep the coat healthy. But, during the shedding periods in spring and fall, brushing more frequently is recommended to remove dead hair.

    Bathing your dog is seldom necessary. In any case, you should not bathe your dog more than twice a year, so as not to damage your skin. On the other hand, after the Kooikerhondje have fun in a pool, in the sea or in a doubtful-looking pond, it is advisable to rinse it with fresh water to remove any traces of chlorine, shall, algae or bacteria.

    On the other hand, it is advisable to take advantage of the weekly brushing session to check the eyes, teeth and, above all, the dog's ears, to ensure that there is no dirt that could cause the start of an infection or otitis.

    Last, the claws of Kooikerhondje are tough and grow relatively quickly: natural wear and tear is often not enough, and then you have to trim them manually when they have become too long.

    Utility

    Historically used for duck hunting in the canals of the Netherlands, the Kooiker is nowadays mainly a pet.

    His high level of activity and intelligence also allow him to obtain excellent results in dog sports competitions, and a patient and dedicated trainer can turn you into a flyball or agility champion.

    Characteristics "Kooikerhondje (Kooiker)"

    Coexistence is important that you have with your new friend. Before considering the acquisition of a dog of the breed "Kooikerhondje (Kooiker)" you know certain factors. Not all breeds of dogs are apt to live in an apartment, you must take into account his character, their need for exercise, their interaction with other pets, their care and if you have small children, their level of tolerance towards them.

    Adaptation โ“˜

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    friendly dog โ€‹โ€‹โ“˜

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    Affection level โ“˜

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    Social need โ“˜

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    Home โ“˜

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    Child friendly โ“˜

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    Surveillance โ“˜

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    Images "Kooikerhondje (Kooiker)"

    Photos:

    1 – Kooikerhondje at https://pixabay.com/es/photos/perro-kooikerhondje-kooiker-3917568/
    2 – Kooikerhondje at https://pixabay.com/es/photos/perro-kooikerhondje-mascotas-4744089/
    3 – Dutch Decoy Dog puppy by Jeroenzwaan, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons
    4 – KOOIKERHONDJE PUPPY by https://pixy.org/4695950/
    5 – Kooikerhondje by Burner83 / from wikipedia, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons
    6 – Kooiker – petsadviser.com by Pets Adviser from Brooklyn, USA, CC BY 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons

    Videos "Kooikerhondje (Kooiker)"

    Kooiker - 16 to soften - MOOS
    Kooiker – 16 weeks – MOOS
    Carino at the dog school
    Carino in der Hundeschule

    Type and recognitions:

    • FCI CLASSIFICATION:
    • Group 8: Hunting Retriever Dogs. Hunting Lifting Dogs. Water dogs.
    • Section 2: Flushing Dogs. With working trial.

    Federations:

    • FCI – Group 8: Retrievers - Flushing Dogs - Water Dogs – Section 2: Retrievers โ“˜
    • AKCSporting โ“˜
    • โ€‹KC – Gundog โ“˜
    • UKCGun Dogs โ“˜

      • FCI breed standard "Kooikerhondje (Kooiker)"

        Origin:
        Netherlands

        Date of publication of the valid original standard:
        13.10.2010

        Use:

        Companion and sporting dog used as a decoy in duck hunting.



        General appearance:

        The Kooikerhondje is a small sporting dog with a harmonious structure, Orange Red, Particularly square proportions on your body. He moves holding his head up. During action its moving tail, well covered with long hair, has a carriage level with or above the top line.. The ears have black hair on the tips, the so-called โ€œhoopsโ€. The dog is presented with natural hair, without cuts.

        important proportions:

        The length of the body from the tip of the shoulders (scapula/humerus) even the tip of the ischium is slightly longer than its height at the withers.
        Skull and muzzle of equal length.



        Behavior / temperament:

        Cheerful and agile, self-confident and with sufficient perseverance and resistance, balanced and alert but not loud. The breed is faithful, easy and friendly. Outside the hunting season the dog is used to find and kill vermin, therefore you need to be enthusiastic, fast and strong. It is a real sporting dog, being attentive and energetic, having enthusiasm for work and a cheerful character.

        Head:

        The head is of moderate length, appropriate to overall appearance, well chiseled with flowing lines.

        Cranial region:
        • Skull: Wide enough, moderately rounded.
        • Depression links (Stop): Seen in profile clearly visible but not very deep.

        facial region:

        • Truffle: Black in color and well developed.
        • Snout: Seen in profile not too deep and slightly wedge-shaped, seen from above without narrowing too much and well filled under the eyes.
        • Lips: Preferably well pigmented, tight without protruding.
        • Jaws/Teeth: Scissor bite, a full dentition is desired. Pincer bite is accepted but not desired.
        • Eyes: Almond biscuits, dark brown, with a kind and attentive expression.
        • Ears: Moderately large insertion just above the line from the tip of the nose towards the corner of the eye. The ears are brought next to the cheeks without presenting folds. Well covered with long hair, spiky black hair (Earrings) are highly desirable.

        Neck:

        Strong musculature, long enough and well defined.

        Body:

        • top line: Smooth line from withers to tail.
        • Back: Strong and right, rather short.
        • Pork loin: Long and wide enough, strong muscles.
        • Rump: Slightly sloping and wide enough; the length of the rump should be 1,5 times its width.
        • Breast : Reaching up to the elbows with sufficiently arched ribs. Sufficiently developed forechest.
        • Bottom line and belly: Slightly retracted towards the spine

        Tail:

        Insertion such that it continues the upper line of the body, carrying at the level of the upper line or almost straight up. Well covered in long white hair. The last vertebra must reach the hock joint.

        Tips

        Former members:
        • Shoulder: Shoulders sloped sufficiently to form a fluid line from the neck to the back.
        • Forearm: Well angled towards the scapula which is of equal length.
        • Elbows: Well on the body.
        • Arm: Right and parallel, strong bones of sufficient density and long.
        • Metacarpus: Strong and slightly oblique.
        • Previous feet: Small, slightly oval, compact with forward fingers, tight.
        Later members:
        • General appearance: Well angled, rights and parallels seen from behind. Strong bones.
        • Thigh: Well muscled.
        • Leg: As long as the thigh.
        • The Hock joint: Well descended.
        • Hind feet: Same as the previous ones

        Movement:

        It must be fluid and elastic, well spread, with good scope. Parallel ends.

        Mantle

        Fur: Long Middle, slightly wavy or straight and tight. Soft hair. Well developed undercoat. The forelimbs should have moderately long hair reaching the tarsal joint. The hind limbs must have quite long hair forming pants. Must not have long hair below the hock joint. Hair on head, front of the limbs and feet, must be short. Enough long hair at the bottom of the tail. Longer hair on the throat and chest. Earrings (Long hair strands with spikes
        black) are highly desirable.

        Color: Distinguished light orange red markings on pure white. However, a few small spots on the extremities are accepted. The red-orange color should predominate. Some black hairs interspersed with the red-orange color and slight markings are accepted but not desired..



        Head color: A clearly visible list towards the truffle. There may be coloration on the cheeks and around the eyes.
        Too narrow or too wide a list or only partially colored cheeks are less desirable. A black ring is accepted on the tail where the color changes from red orange to white.



        Size and weight:

        Ideal withers height:

        Males: 40 cm..


        females: 38 cm..

        Tolerance 2 cm over 3 cm below ideal height.



        Fouls:

        Any deviation from the aforementioned criteria is considered as a fault and the severity of this is considered to the degree of the deviation to the standard and its consequences on the health and well-being of the dog., and the dog's ability to perform its traditional task.

        • Ears too small.
        • Semi-erect ears or โ€œflying earsโ€.
        • Curved glue.
        • Hackney movement.
        • Curly or silky hair.
        • Color too intermixed with black hair in orange markings.
        • Too much hair of intermingled color.
        • Above the maximum size or below the minimum size.
        Serious misconduct:
        • Nervous behavior.
        • Sharply short limbs, out of proportion.
        • Eyes gazeos.
        • Prognatic or enognathic bite.
        • Tail too short, not reaching the hock joint.
        • White in ears, partial or completely.
        • White hair around the eyes, one or both.
        disqualifying fouls:
        • Aggressiveness or extreme shyness.
        • Any dog โ€‹โ€‹showing clear signs of physical or behavioral abnormalities.
        • Black and white or tricolor.


        N.B.:
      • Males should have two normal-appearing testicles fully descended into the scrotum..
      • Only functionally and clinically healthy dogs, with the typical conformation of the breed, should be used for parenting.
      • Source: F.C.I - International Cynological Federation

        Alternative names:

        1. Kooiker, Dutch Spanie (English).
        2. Petit chien hollandais de chasse au gibier d’eau (French).
        3. Kooikerhondje (German).
        4. (em neerlandรชs: Kooikerhondje) (Portuguese).
        5. Kooikerhondje, Pequeรฑo Perro Holandรฉs para la caza acuรกtica (espaรฑol).

    โ–ท The world of Pets: Dogs, cats, birds, reptiles, amphibians

    Clumber Spaniel
    Inglaterra FCI 109 . Flushing Dogs

    Clumber Spaniel

    This Clumber Spaniel medium to large size is sweet and gentle, with a deceptively relaxed appearance

    Content

    History

    Little is really known about the origins of the breed., but legend says that the Duc de Noailles of France He gave his dear spaniels his English counterpart, the Duke of Newcastle, to save them from the horrors of the French Revolution. The dogs were sent to the estate of the Duke in Clumber Park, which later they acquired the name of race. Based on the paintings of that time, the Clumber They have not changed much in two centuries: Dogs still have a somewhat reserved temperament, as well as a sensitive appearance, rather than striking. The Basset Hound and a dog known as spaniel alpino (an extinct race), probably listed in your genealogy.

    Interest in the race continued during the nineteenth century, and even they were exhibited Clumbers in one of the first dog shows in 1859. The Clumber Spaniels also they became popular among the British aristocracy. Real race fans included the prince albert and a Edward VII.

    It has been allowed to be heavier, starting at 1950, and the weight limit is currently 34 Kg despite the excess in some specimens. Anyway, breed lovers make sure that this large does not cause any weakness in his hind.

    Did you know??

    Some major British were in love with the Clumber Spaniel: The husband of Queen Victoria, prince albert, as well as Edward VII, They were both fans of the race.

    Physical characteristics

    It is a well balanced dog, of bones strong, Active, with a reflective expression; overall appearance denoting strength. The Clumber should be firm, active and able to perform daily work in the field.

    Its shape is similar to that of the Sussex Spaniel smaller. The Clumber It has a heavy bone structure, Their fur is dense, Weatherproof, straight and flat, with hair around the ears, belly and legs. The tufts are predominantly white with lemon colored spots, brown or orange around the eyes and the base of the tail.

    WEIGHT:
    Ideal weight: Males: 29,5 โ€“ 34 kg. females: 25 – 29,5 kg.

    Character and skills

    According to the breed standard, the Clumber Spaniel He is loyal and affectionate with his family. It can be reserved with strangers, but he is never aggressive or shy. Good words for firm include, reliable, friendly and worthy… but do not let that fool you their dignified behavior. The Clumber is very smart, determined to get what he wants, and more agile than it looks. During his puppy, which usually lasts until three or four years, it can be a wild dog running through the house at breakneck speed and gets into many problems. (For some, Part of getting into trouble never ends.) On the positive side, the Clumber also it tends to stay young at heart well into old age.

    if they grow up together, the Clumber and children can become fast friends. If you don't have children yet, make sure your Clumber gets to know your friends' kids often and from an early age, to get used to the loud screams and rapid movements. The Clumber also gets along well with other dogs, and it is friendly with cats, ferrets and other small pets, as long as the know. Because of its sporty nature, considers that the furry or feathered creatures that live outdoors are animals hunting. In other words, is more likely that your Clumber swallow your whole wild bird to look after him delicately.

    On a walk, the Clumber it moves at a slow and steady pace. Does not have the high energy levels of many other pick-and-point breeds, but it has the ability to break through any type of shrub that stand in your way. It also, It has an infinite resistance, so it is a great companion for hiking and hunting, recovering quickly and enjoys water. To keep fit and out of trouble, need rides 20 to 30 minutes twice a day. If you have a fenced yard, Do not assume that exercised. Like the rest of us, the Clumber need motivation from a friend to get up and go.

    The Clumber It is an independent thinker, so i can be stubborn. Train Your Clumber requires patience and the ability to convince him to do what you want is actually all her idea. It's a good problem solver; The point is that the problem that often involves doing something forbidden resolved. any dog, no matter how nice it is, You may develop obnoxious barking levels… and the Clumber is no exception. Some Clumbers They are naturally quiet, other bark at all, and some of them fall somewhere in the middle. If you live with, Let's say, a burrow, expects you Clumber learn to bark a lot.

    Start training your puppy the day you bring him home. Even at eight weeks old, He is able to absorb everything you can teach. Don't wait until you have 6 months to start training him or you'll have to deal with a more stubborn dog. If possible, take him to puppy kindergarten class when he's between 10 and 12 weeks, y socialize, socialize, socialize. But, Note that many kinds of training puppies require certain vaccinations (such as kennel cough) stay up to date, and many veterinarians recommend limited exposure to other dogs and public places until puppy vaccinations (including rabies, distemper and parvovirus) They are completed. Instead of formal training, You can start training your puppy to socialize at home and among family and friends until immunizations are completed in the puppy.

    Grooming

    White and fringed coat Clumber requires a moderate amount of toilet: If you want me to be handsome, bathe him once a month, and brush or comb his coat during 10 to 15 minutes, up to three times a week, to prevent tangles and remove dead hair. You should also cut back on their feet, ears and feathers.

    The locks were off at a moderate pace strong throughout the year, so buy a good vacuum cleaner; regular brushing will also reduce the amount of hair floating in your home.

    The rest are routine care: Trim his nails every few weeks and keep floppy ears clean and dry to prevent infection. You should also brush his teeth regularly to maintain good overall health and fresh breath.

    Health

    The Clumber Spaniel They are generally healthy, but they are susceptible to some conditions, including eye problems such as Entropion and ectropion, keratoconjunctivitis sicca, or dry eye, and falls. They may also be prone to hip dysplasia and an inherited condition called deficiency pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase , which can lead to exercise intolerance and heart and lung problems.

    Not all of these conditions are detectable on a growing puppy, and it is impossible to predict if an animal will be free of these diseases, so you need to find a reputable breeder who commit to raise healthier animals possible. You must be able to produce an independent certification that the parents of the dog (and grandparents, etc.) have been examined for common defects and considered healthy for breeding. That's where health records come in..

    Careful breeders their dogs examined for genetic diseases, and they only breed the best looking specimens, but sometimes Mother Nature has other ideas and a puppy can develop one of these conditions. In most cases, can still live a good life, thanks to advances in veterinary medicine. Having said that, not all visits to the vet involve a genetic problem. Puppies love to eat them things, so it's not uncommon for them to develop gastroenteritis (intestine garbage) or requiring surgery to remove random objects from the intestines, as hand towels and toys.

    And remember that you have the power to protect your Clumber one of the most common health problems: the obesity. You keep a healthy weight is a simple way to prolong the life of your Clumber avoiding problems such as hip dysplasia.

    Characteristics "Clumber Spaniel"

    Coexistence is important that you have with your new friend. Before considering the acquisition of a dog of the breed "Clumber Spaniel" you know certain factors. Not all breeds of dogs are apt to live in an apartment, you must take into account his character, their need for exercise, their interaction with other pets, their care and if you have small children, their level of tolerance towards them.

    Adaptation โ“˜

    5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    friendly dog โ€‹โ€‹โ“˜

    5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    hair loss โ“˜

    4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Affection level โ“˜

    5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Need for exercise โ“˜

    4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Social need โ“˜

    4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Home โ“˜

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Toilet โ“˜

    4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Friendly with strangers โ“˜

    2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    barking โ“˜

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Health โ“˜

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    Territorial โ“˜

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Cat friendly โ“˜

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Intelligence โ“˜

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Versatility โ“˜

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Child friendly โ“˜

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Surveillance โ“˜

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    joy โ“˜

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Images "Clumber Spaniel"

    credits:

    1. Clumber Spaniel in Tallinn by Thomas / CC BY-SA
    2. Clumber Spaniel during show of dogs in Rybnik – Stone, Poland by Pleple2000 / CC BY-SA
    3. Clumber_spaniel at the World Dog Show in Poznaล„ by Pleple2000 / CC BY-SA
    4. 2015 Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show, New York City by Pets Adviser from Brooklyn, USA / CC BYwww.petsadviser.com
    5. Clumber Spaniel by audrey_sel / CC BY-SA
    6. A Clumber Spaniel by Canarian / CC BY-SA

    Videos "Clumber Spaniel"

    Type and recognitions:

    • FCI CLASSIFICATION:
    • Group :
    • Section : . .

    Federations:

    FCI โ“˜, AKC โ“˜, ANKC โ“˜, CKC โ“˜, โ€‹KC โ“˜, NZKC โ“˜, UKC โ“˜

    FCI breed standard Clumber Spaniel

    FCIFCI - Clumber Spaniel
    Clumber

    โ–ท The world of Pets: Dogs, cats, birds, reptiles, amphibians

    Romagna Water Dog
    Italia FCI 298 . Water Dogs

    Romagna Water Dog

    The Romagna Water Dog not suitable for sedentary people or living in the city.

    Content

    History

    The Lagotto Romagnolo, or "Romagna water dog", descended from the Italian dogs that were used to recover game from the water. In fact, His name means "Romaรฑa Lagos dog" in Italian, reflecting its original use and the northern Italian region from which it came, the Romaรฑa.

    It was used at least since the Italian Renaissance for this task, especially in the swamps and lagoons present in his native region. In addition to keeping their masters company and watching over their homes, he was also very good at recovering dead ducks that were in the water. They are the Italian equivalent of the Spanish Spaniel and the Irish Spaniel.. Many specialists believe that Romagna Water Dog is the oldest breed of Retrievers and that it is the distant ancestor of many more recent races, as the Golden Retriever, the Portuguese Water Dog and the Poodle. It is also believed to be one of the oldest Italian dog breeds.

    The first trace of a similar animal dates back to the 15th century, and more specifically to 1474, in a fresco called Parete dell’Incontro, painted by italian Andrea Mantegna. It was also described by the philosopher Erasmus (1466 – 1536) and appeared in some works of the engraver Marcantonio Raimondi (1480 – 1534).

    Later, in the XVIII century, the famous naturalist Carl von Linnรฉ (1707-1778) described a Mediterranean Spaniel that closely resembled the Romagna Water Dog.

    Towards the end of the 19th century, much of the marshes in the area were drained into farmland, leaving the Romagna Water Dog jobless. But, farmers and other owners soon discovered that he had a great talent for finding truffles, highly appreciated in the world of gastronomy. In fact, this dog's excellent sense of smell, combined with his thick fur that protected him from the branches, brambles and other weeds, made it very efficient. This change of use also implied certain changes in the traits of the breed: his primitive hunting instinct weakened, while he developed an iron concentration very useful in the search for truffles. These two facts were combined so that you would not be distracted by the game when you were working.

    But, the number of people searching for truffles was much less than the number of people hunting. As a result, the breed's population decreased dramatically, so that by the middle of the 20th century there were only a few Romagna Water Dog. It also, truffle hunters weren't really interested in developing a breed in their own right: as long as the dog was good at his task, they seemed fine. Consequently, at the beginning of the 20th century there was a certain decrease in interest in the selection of this dog and several poorly thought-out crosses were made with other breeds.

    The rescue and diffusion of the breed in the 20th century

    Over the years 70, some thought that the Lagotto Romagnolo had completely disappeared. But, there were still some in Italy, and some passionate breeders took important steps to preserve them. The group was led by Quintino Toschi, breeder and judge of Ente Nazionale della Cinofilia Italiana (ENCI), the main canine organization in the country. With the support of the veterinarian Antonio Marsiano and from another lover of the Lagotto, Lodovico Babini, a selection program was launched to save the dog from the extinction that hung over him. In 1988, they founded a breed club, the Club Italiano Lagotto, and they did a great job to get the breed to develop again in good condition.

    The work carried out by this group was a success and allowed the Lagotto Romagnolo was recognized by the ENCI in 1992.

    Then it began to be known and spread abroad, particularly in Europe (France, Switzerland, Germany, Finland, Great Britain…), but also much beyond, as in Australia and the United States. Although in some of these countries truffles are not as abundant as in Romagna, the Lagotto found its place in families as a guard and companion dog. It is also possible to find them - although much more rarely- in the water courses, as hunting retrievers.

    The Fรฉdรฉration Cynologique Internationale (FCI) recognized the breed provisionally in 1995. Ten years later, in 2005, granted him full recognition.

    In 1997, was founded the Unione Mondiale dei Club Lagotto Romagnolo (Lagotto Romagnolo Club World Union), in view of the worldwide expansion of the breed. Chaired by the Dr. Giovanni Morsiani, allowed to preserve the original traits of the breed and coordinate quality breeding programs around the world.

    That same year a breed club was founded in the United States., the Lagotto Club of America.

    In 2001, the American Kennel Club (AKC) agreed to enroll the Lagotto in its Foundation Stock Service, a prerequisite for full recognition that occurred in 2015. The other reference organization in the United States, the United Kennel Club (UKC), recognized her in 2006.

    in Canada, the Lagotto Romagnolo debuted in 1999. The first specimen imported into the country came from a famous Italian kennel called Farnie. That same year a first calf was created in Alberta. Others followed him in 2000 and 2004, respectively in Ontario and Nova Scotia. Although these pioneer hatcheries no longer exist today, contributed greatly to the spread of the breed in the Canadian territory. The breed was provisionally recognized in 2012 by the Canadian Kennel Club (CKC), and then definitely in 2016.

    Finally, en el Reino Unido, the romanian spaniel was accepted by the prestigious Kennel Club in the year 2000.

    Photo: ยซLagotto Romagnoloยป de 6 meses by XTY78, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons

    Distribution and popularity

    After having been on the verge of extinction half a century ago, the Romagna Water Dog seems to be as popular today in its home country as it was at some point in its history, and it is even more and more successful.

    Like this, while the number of annual registrations in the Ente Nazionale della Cinofilia Italiana (ENCI) was around the 1.500 early in the decade 2010, reached the 2.000 in 2014 and even approached the 2.500 at the end of the decade.

    In France, the Romagna Water Dog has quickly conquered hearts. At the beginning of the 21st century, the number of dogs registered each year in the LOF (Book of French Origins) you could count on the fingers of one hand. A midyear 2000 he was already in his fifties, and then shot up to exceed 300 at the end of the decade. The success of Lagotto did not stop in the decade of 2010, quite the contrary: they ended up with some 500 births per year.

    In Switzerland, the Lagotto is also well represented. According to statistics from the official Amicus database, in 2017 was the 28th most represented breed in the country, at around 3.500 animals.

    On the other hand, in the UK it is much more discreet, although it seems that it begins to break through. Since the decade of 2000 until early next, there was no more than 20 or 30 births per year registered in the Kennel Club. But, this figure reached about 50 in the mid 2010, and then tripled in no time, to the point of ending the decade with more than 150 by year.

    The Lagotto Romagnolo it is also small in the United States. The Lagotto Romagnolo ranks in the middle of the breed ranking based on number of annual AKC registrations, around the post 100.

    But, the breed has spread throughout the world in recent decades, with a success in some countries that was not easy to imagine. This is the case of Australia, where the first records in the Australian National Kennel Council (ANKC) go back to the year 2000. Just fifteen years later, in the middle of the Decade of 2010, the organization already counted between 300 and 400 annual births.

    Physical characteristics

    The Lagotto Romagnolo it is a small to medium sized dog, solid build and rather square profile. In fact, its length should be approximately equal to its height at the withers. They give an overall impression of robustness and strength.

    The back is straight and muscular, with a strong and slightly convex loin. The chest is well developed and reaches to the elbows.

    The tail is covered with stiff, woolly hair.. It is not too high or too low and reaches the level of the hocks.

    The front legs are well muscled with a fine but robust bone structure. Their feet are rounded and compact, with clenched fingers. As for the hind legs, they are very powerful, while still being well proportioned. The feet are a little more oval than the front ones, with slightly less arched fingers. On all legs, the pads are very resistant, the claws well curved and solid.

    The skull is quite wide and slightly convex when viewed from the side. Neck is strong, muscular and much more massive in males than in females.

    The ears are medium-sized and triangular in shape, but rather rounded at the tips. They are hanging and reach the level of the dog's jaws.

    The eyes are round, large and quite far apart. Its color can be ocher, dark brown or hazelnut. Then already Romagna Water Dog a very attentive and lively expression.

    The muzzle is quite wide and slightly shorter than the skull. Finish off with a nose that can range from flesh-colored to dark brown., it is quite large and has large nostrils.

    The lips are rather thin and covered with long and somewhat bristly whiskers.. They cover powerful scissor-shaped jaws.

    The skin is quite fine and pigmented. Goes from very light to dark brown, according to coat color.

    The coat consists, first, in a highly water resistant underlayer. It is covered by a very dense top layer, curly and woolly. The tight curls give the impression that the dog is disheveled all over the body. The curls are a little looser on the head, showing the beard, the mustache and bushy eyebrows.

    The coat can be whitish, white with brown or orange highlights, orange red, brownish red or completely brown (in any shade of this color). Tan markings are also allowed in all shades, regardless of the dog's coat color.

    It is worth mentioning that the fur of the Lagotto Romagnolo takes time to acquire its characteristic appearance, since it is not until 2 or 3 years of age. In effect, her curls form only very gradually; when he is still a puppy, its fur is very soft.

    Last, the breed is characterized by a certain sexual dimorphism. In addition to having a more solid neck than the female, the male is usually taller and more massive than the female.

    Size and weight
      ▷ Male size: 43 – 48 cm.
      ▷ female size: 41 – 46 cm..
      ▷ Male weight: 13 – 16 kg
      ▷ female weight: 11 – 14 kg

    Character and skills

    The Lagotto Romagnolo is smart and lively, but he is also close to his family, with which he enjoys.

    This is especially true of the very young., which makes it a very good dog breed choice for children. Their high energy level allows you to spend hours playing with them without getting tired. But, as with any of his peers, should never be left alone with a young child without adult supervision. This is all the more true as it has a relatively high energy level and could, for example, unintentionally pushing or even knocking down your young partner.

    The Romagna Water Dog he also gets along very well with other dogs, whether they live in the same house or just pass each other on a walk. Having largely lost the strong hunting instinct of a few centuries ago, they can also get along with other animals such as cats, rodents and birds. If you have to share your home with one of them, coexistence is so much easier as it is established as soon as you get home. In any case, it is important to socialize him well from an early age and get him used to meeting representatives of other species: so you will have less desire to chase them throughout your life. In any case, if he is not well socialized and his hunting instinct tends to prevail, or if you do not respond perfectly to the call for attention, it may be preferable to walk it on a leash than in freedom.

    The sense of smell is not the only one that is very acute in this dog. In fact, he also has excellent hearing, that allows you to hear from afar anyone who approaches you. It also, fully fulfills the role of alert dog, barking and warning his owner as soon as an unknown person approaches his house. But, your role ends there: as it is not one of those who threaten or impress, not really a good watchdog.

    The Lagotto Romagnolo tends to keep some distance from strangers at first, even if they are invited by their master and the introductions are done correctly: it may be a while before they trust. But, once well socialized and educated, he ends up getting used to their presence and is very friendly with them. In fact, some of the breed representatives are open enough to be used as psychological support dogs, visiting hospitals, schools or even prisons, and bringing comfort wherever they go.

    To accept new people, you have to be comfortable in your own home, as well as on their paws. As such, should be physically active for at least one hour daily, for example, through walks, games, puzzles or dog sports like agility or flyball. His physical abilities and his resistance also allow him to happily accompany the sportsmen in their races., mountain bike rides or hikes. But, it can also be a good match for retired people, as long as they stay active enough and can get it out enough every day. In any case, how you tend to get bored easily, It is convenient to offer you varied activities and regularly change the places of your walk.

    Swimming is also a great way to get your dog to exercise.. In fact, the centuries that it has spent being used as a waterfowl retriever explain that it is a dog that loves water. He loves to swim and enjoys every moment he spends in a lake or river. One of his favorite games is to go to find and recover the objects that his master throws into the water..

    If you are not given enough opportunity to exercise and get bored, or if it suffers a lack of attention from its owners (either because they are absent too often and for too long, or because they neglect him), the Romagna Water Dog is likely to develop a number of undesirable behaviors. In particular, may start barking untimely and become excessively loud. If you have access to a garden, can start digging holes to search for objects or food under the ground. Degrading objects or stealing food are also part of their history. All these behaviors are the sign of a psychological distress that is important to treat, and for which the owner is often responsible.

    On the other hand, as long as their care and physical activity needs are respected, the Romagna Water Dog he is a very affectionate companion, that he does not stop appreciating the most cuddly moments and that he is very calm.

    It also, as long as I have enough outings and activities, can be fully adapted to life in the city and in an apartment, although the ideal environment for him is still a house with access to a garden. But, it is not a question of relegating it to the bottom of the garden, for example in a kennel: I would hardly tolerate it and it would be very likely that symptoms of separation anxiety would appear.

    Last, It should be noted that the female of the Lagotto Romagnolo reaches psychological maturity long before the male.

    Education

    The Lagatto Romagnolo he is intelligent and devoted: very eager to please, he has in his heart to understand what his owner wants, and meet your expectations. This makes it an easy dog รขโ‚ฌโ€นรขโ‚ฌโ€นto train and suitable even for a beginner..

    The most experienced people can go a long way in their education, because it was selected to quickly understand complex commands. It is not by chance that he often shines in obedience competitions.

    Having said that, the practice in which you can excel the most is, of course, the hunt for truffles, allowing you to exploit your developed sense of smell. This does not require a great effort, since it is very easy to train a truffle dog, as long as you know how to do it.

    Whatever your future mission, it is best to base the training of the Romagna Water Dog in fun and varied exercises. In effect, his intelligence and alertness mean that he can get bored quickly if the sessions are repetitive. It is also important not to go for methods that are too strict for your taste.; it is better to bet on positive reinforcement, that motivates you to learn and makes things easier.

    In any case, the fact that he is docile and obedient does not exempt you from having clear house rules, and to teach you quickly. As with any dog, You have to decide from the beginning what you can do and what you are not allowed to do., and try to keep it after, that is to say, be consistent over time. This consistency should also apply from one family member to another.: everyone must enforce the same rules, uniformly. If these conditions are not respected, the child is likely confused, having difficulty understanding what is expected of him, what is and what is not allowed.

    Health

    The Lagotto Romagnolo it is a generally resistant dog: when you are not experiencing any major health problems, can live long enough until 17 years, which is significantly above the average of its congeners that have such a template.

    It also, its thick coat protects it not only from water and humidity, but also from the cold. Therefore, it can live very well in significantly less accommodating climates than its native Italy., its origins explain why it is not particularly sensitive to high temperatures.

    Despite his generally good health, It, like all races, particularly susceptible to certain diseases, in this case, is about:

    • The Hip Dysplasia, a disease whose onset may be favored by a hereditary predisposition, which especially affects medium to large sized dogs.This is an abnormal conformation of the hip joint, that can cause pain, lameness and some difficulty moving.It also promotes the formation ofosteoarthritis aAs the animal ages, if the problem is detected early, some surgeries can delay the effects of the disease or relieve symptoms;
    • The Dysplasiadelcodo, a developmental problem of the elbow joint that causes pain or lameness., also leads to the development ofosteoarthritis.Like hip, a hereditary predisposition can increase the probability of its occurrence. It is possible to limit the consequences thanks to a surgical intervention, to be done as soon as possible;
    • The juvenile epilepsy, an inherited disease of the nervous system characterized by seizures, generally observable from the first 5 to 9 puppy weeks.In most cases, symptoms go away on their own around the 4 months of age, although some dogs with the disease continue to experience occasional episodes of seizures well into adulthood.The gene that originates it is particularly widespread in Lagotto Romagnolo: according to the data provided by the laboratories that carry out the tests that allow the disease to be identified (Optigen in the United States, Mydogdna in Germany and Genoscoper in Finland) 46. % of the representatives of the tested breed carry it., only 3% of the total population actually suffer from the symptoms of the disease;
    • The ataxia cerebelosa, a neurological disease causing an inherited movement coordination disorder., it is also a source of involuntary muscle contractures problems.There is no treatment forla ataxia cerebelosa, whose symptoms worsen and lead todog euthanasiaabout two years after its appearance;
    • Abiotrofia cerebelosa, a nerve condition that can be inherited and is caused by the degeneration of certain brain cells. Its main symptoms are tremors and inappropriate movements, especially when facing an obstacle.There is no cure for this disease, but it does not cause physical suffering to the dog. However, as the situation progressively worsens, there comes a time when the disability is too severe, so euthanasia is recommended;
    • Distrofia neuroaxonal, which corresponds to an accumulation of various substances in neurons. It is the particular cause of head tremors, balance disorders or even falls. These symptoms usually appear in the puppy's first month. There is no treatment for this potentially hereditary disease, which very often leads to the euthanasia of the animal;
    • Lysosomal storage disease, an inherited neurological disorder that often leads to euthanasia., is at the origin of uncoordinated movements and loss of balance. According to a study published in 2015 in the scientific journal Plos Genetics and entitled ยซMissense in the ATG4D gene links aberrant autophagy with neurodegenerative vacuolar storage diseaseยซ, approximately 12% of the Lagotti are carriers of the genetic mutation at the origin of this disease There is no cure and things are only getting worse;Therefore, an affected subject dies very young or ends up being euthanized.
    • The waterfall, a disease causing progressive loss of vision due to clouding of the lens, sometimes inherited and mainly affecting the elderly, can be cured with surgery;
    • Infections ofear (otitis, etc.), due to the hanging shape of his ears.

    It also, the Romagna Water Dog also poses a risk of being overweight. Not to be taken lightly, since being overweight can lead to various health problems, but also aggravate pathologies already present in the affected animal.

    But, Many of the diseases to which the breed is exposed are or may be of hereditary origin., the utmost vigilance is required when choosing acreator of Lagotto Romagnolo.A professional worthy of the name, as well as ensuring that your puppies benefit from good socialization from their first weeks, is committed to maximizing the chances that they will be and stay healthy. To achieve this, is in charge of carefully selecting its breeders, making them pass various genetic tests to avoid any transmission to their descendants of a possible hereditary defect., must be able to present the results of such tests, that may also have been done on the little ones themselves., must present a veterinary certificate attesting to the good health of the puppy whose adoption is being considered, as well as your health or vaccination history, the latter in particular confirms that the animal has received the various required vaccinations.

    Once the latter returns to his new home, It is worth remembering that a dog is particularly vulnerable during its first few months., inappropriate physical activities (too long and / or too intense) can easily cause injury, but also affect the proper development of bones and joints, with potentially long-lasting consequences., it is better to wait for him to reach adulthood to take him for long walks or hunt for truffles for hours, for example. This is even more true that this breed is particularly prone to some joint problems (Hip Dysplasiaandelbow dysplasia).

    From then on, it is not because you are an adult that you should no longer worry about your health. Throughout your life, should benefit like any dog โ€‹โ€‹from rigorous monitoring, including a visit to the vet once a year, and even more regularly when you are older, this allows the professional to perform a complete check-up of your health, and sometimes detect a problem that a less informed eye like the owner's could not, yet, This is also the perfect time to take any booster dose.

    In addition to the diseases against which the latter protect you, it is also necessary to ensure that you are permanently protected against parasites and the risks they imply.So, It is the responsibility of the owner to renew the antiparasitic treatments of his companion throughout the year.This is even more important for people who spend a lot of time outdoors..

    Life expectancy

    13 years

    Food

    Feeding a Romagna Water Dog not particularly difficult: a balanced and good quality industrial feed is perfectly adequate. But, it is important to choose products and establish portions adapted to their age, health and physical activity level.

    The latter can vary significantly during the year, especially in the case of an individual used for truffle hunting during the winter season. It is then necessary to adjust upwards the amount of food that is given each day, so that you benefit from a sufficient energy supply and can work in good conditions. On the other hand, once the period in question has ended, servings should return to normal level, to prevent you from suffering from overweight problems.

    When the dog is young, the ration must be adapted to the growth period in which it is. This is especially important because an inappropriate diet could be detrimental to the puppy's physical development.: if the food is too rich or is given in too large quantities, could grow too fast, which could lead to joint problems. Otherwise, insufficient nutrition could cause deficiencies and growth problems.

    This is especially true because the Lagotto Romagnolo is easily prone to obesity. That is why it is important to pay attention to the evolution of your weight and weigh it twice a month.. If a discrepancy is observed, which is confirmed or even increased in the following measurements, it is necessary to visit the vet. Only a professional can safely determine the cause of weight gain, which may not be related to the dog's diet or activity level, but with a disease or a treatment, for example. Once the cause of the problem has been identified, the vet will be able to advise how to remedy it and return the dog to a healthy weight.

    In any case, the fact that the Romagna Water Dog being prone to obesity implies that some caution should be exercised regarding the use of treats, although they can be very useful, especially in the context of training. The ideal is to opt for low-calorie products and deduct their caloric intake from your daily ration.

    This propensity to be overweight also justifies dividing your daily ration into multiple meals.: even if I have a sweet tooth, less likely to order food when you know another is waiting for you later.

    Last, like any dog, the Lagotto Romagnolo a bowl of clean, fresh water should always be available to you.

    Grooming

    The Lagotto Romagnolo is covered in thick, curly fur that needs a lot of maintenance.

    First of all, it is necessary to brush it about twice a week, to avoid knot formation. The longer the coat, more important is to take the opportunity to examine it to remove dirt and other weeds, and undo the knots, especially around the joints: this will prevent injury or irritation caused by rubbing. It is also a good idea to get in the habit of examining your fur after a long period in a humid environment or with very dense vegetation..

    On the other hand, sheds very little and has no seasonal molting periods. If we add to this that he does not drool much, This makes it an especially appreciated companion for people who are very attached to cleanliness., but also for those who suffer from allergies. Thus, are often presented as a hypoallergenic dog breed, but you have to remember that none of them is 100% hypoallergenic and that the amount of allergens emitted can vary significantly from one individual to another, even within the same race. So, there is nothing to replace a test in real conditions, consisting of spending a few hours in the company of the animal whose adoption is being considered.

    Regarding the bathroom, a monthly frequency is adequate to keep the dog's coat clean. Lagotto Romagnolo, without affecting its natural ability to resist water and inclement weather. But, it is important to use a mild shampoo specially designed for dogs, otherwise your skin will be damaged, and do not dry or brush it after bathing, which could damage her beautiful curls.

    It also, their hairs grow quickly and require regular trimming, at the rate of some 3 or 4 times a year. The latter can be done by a professional dog groomer or directly by its owner., if he knows how to do it.

    Ears of the Lagotto Romagnolo require rigorous maintenance, since its hanging shape and the hairs that grow around it constitute fertile ground for the development of infections caused by the accumulation of moisture and dirt. So, it is imperative to examine and clean them weekly, as well as after every long outing in nature. This is especially important if the animal has been in a humid environment or has been swimming., and it is important to dry it well. It also, it is recommended to regularly trim the hair around the ears to prevent wax and dirt from settling there.

    You should also check your eyes weekly and clean the area around them if they are dirty.. Hair around the eyes can cause infections to develop there too. If to that we add that they can obstruct the vision of the dog, the interest of cutting them regularly is easily understood.

    Regarding the teeth, they must be brushed regularly to avoid the formation of dental plaque, which can itself be the cause of many oral problems. The ideal is daily brushing and, in any case, it is better not to brush less than once a week. In any case, it is advisable to systematically use a toothpaste intended for the canine species.

    The claws of the Lagotto Romagnolo they tend to be much less demanding in terms of maintenance, especially if you spend a lot of time outdoors: this usually allows them to file naturally. But, it is convenient to make sure that it really is so. In fact, if they get too long, can hinder the dog's movements, and even hurt you a lot if they break. If you hear them rubbing against the ground when walking on hard surfaces, It is a sign that you have to cut them manually.

    Whether the fur, the ears, the eyes, teeth or even claws, take care of a Lagotto Romagnolo requires mastering a series of gestures. If they are not necessarily complex, better make sure you do them correctly, not only for good results, but also and above all so as not to risk hurting your partner, or even injure him. So, the first time it may be wise to make an appointment with the vet or a groomer, to learn from a professional how to proceed. In any case, it is advisable to accustom your pet to this type of manipulation as soon as possible, Since, otherwise, maintenance sessions could be especially unpleasant for you.

    Utility

    Originally, the Lagotto Romagnolo used -and selected- to retrieve game that fell into the water. This selection explains its particularly waterproof coat and its very pronounced taste for swimming..

    Since the end of the 19th century, after the drying up of many swamps in its Romagna natal, dedicates body and soul to the search for truffles. Today, it is the only breed of dog that is bred specifically for this task. Her highly developed sense of smell and her innate propensity to search by digging holes make her a true expert in this field..

    He is also an excellent companion dog today, that is sociable and easy to train. They are suitable for beginners and are especially suited to families, especially those who are quite active. They are especially popular with those allergic to dogs, since they shed very little hair and only release a small amount of allergenic proteins. But, no dog can be considered 100% hypoallergenic, therefore compatibility cannot be guaranteed: there is nothing to replace a trial period of several hours with the person whose adoption is being considered.

    Wide awake, the Lagotto Romagnolo It is also an excellent alert dog that does not hesitate to bark when an unfamiliar person approaches its home. On the other hand, can't really take on the role of watchdog, since they are not aggressive or threatening to strangers, and it would be very unlikely that they would chase them away.

    On the other hand, His excellent sense of smell obviously works wonders in crawling competitions and, of course, in the romps. They can also be distinguished in dog sports that highlight their great energy and intelligence., like agility, flyball or obedience.

    Last, due to his friendly and always uniform temperament, sometimes used as a therapy dog, for example in hospitals, schools or prisons.

    Price

    In France and Belgium, the price of a puppy Lagotto Romagnolo ranges between 800 and 1.500 EUR, and the average is about 1.100 EUR.

    in your country of origin, Italy, you have to tell about 600 to 1400 EUR. For a person who doesn't live very far, import may be an option to consider, since there are many more farms there, and therefore a greater offer.

    in Canada, breeders usually ask for an amount that is around 2400 canadian dollars. But, patience is often necessary, since the small number of breeders in the country makes it common to find yourself on a waiting list. This is especially true if you are looking for a puppy of a certain color..

    The amount to pay to adopt a puppy from Lagotto Romagnolo in the United States it ranges from 1.800 and 2.500 American dollars.

    In the case of an import from abroad, It is advisable to bear in mind that additional costs must be added to the purchase price: administrative expenses, quarantine, transport…

    In any case, whatever the country, the price that is asked depends on the prestige of the kennel and the lineage from which the puppy comes, as well as its intrinsic characteristics, especially on the physical plane, that is to say, its greater or lesser conformity with the standard. It also, it is this point that explains why important price differences are sometimes observed within the same litter.

    Characteristics "Romagna Water Dog"

    Coexistence is important that you have with your new friend. Before considering the acquisition of a dog of the breed "Romagna Water Dog" you know certain factors. Not all breeds of dogs are apt to live in an apartment, you must take into account his character, their need for exercise, their interaction with other pets, their care and if you have small children, their level of tolerance towards them.

    Adaptation โ“˜

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    friendly dog โ€‹โ€‹โ“˜

    4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    hair loss โ“˜

    1,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Affection level โ“˜

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Need for exercise โ“˜

    4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Social need โ“˜

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Home โ“˜

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Toilet โ“˜

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Friendly with strangers โ“˜

    2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    barking โ“˜

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Health โ“˜

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Territorial โ“˜

    4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Cat friendly โ“˜

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Intelligence โ“˜

    4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Versatility โ“˜

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Child friendly โ“˜

    4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Surveillance โ“˜

    4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    joy โ“˜

    4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Images "Romagna Water Dog"

    Photos:

    1 – ยซRomagna water dogยป by https://pixabay.com/es/photos/lagotto-romagnolo-perro-cachorro-4272671/
    2 – "Romagna water dog" in the Poznaล„ world canine exhibition Pleple2000, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons
    3 – "Romagna water dog" La Gottis Campione by Flickr
    4 – "Romagna water dog" by Rdo01, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons
    5 – ยซRomagna water dogยป during the canine exposure in Katowice, Polonia by Lilly M, CC BY-SA 2.5, via Wikimedia Commons
    6 – "Romagna dog" 2ยฝ year Entheta, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons

    Videos "Romagna Water Dog"

    Type and recognitions:

    • FCI CLASSIFICATION:
    • Group 8: Retrievers, Hunting Lifting Dogs, Water Dogs.
    • Section 3: Water Dogs. .

    Federations:

    • FCI – Group 8: Retrievers - Flushing Dogs - Water Dogs – Section 3: Water Dogs โ“˜
    • AKCSporting โ“˜
    • ANKC Group 3 (Gundogs) โ“˜
    • CKCSporting Dogs โ“˜
    • โ€‹KC – Gundog โ“˜
    • NZKCGundog โ“˜
    • UKCGun Dogs โ“˜

    FCI breed standard "Romagna Water Dog"

    Origin:
    Italy

    Date of publication of the valid original standard:
    30.09.2019

    Use:

    Truffle hunting dog.



    General appearance:

    Its size ranges from small to medium; well balanced, It is powerful and of rustic appearance. Their fur is dense, shaggy and curly.


    important proportions:

    The dog is almost as tall as he is long (almost square). Head length measures 4/10 the height at the withers. The length of the skull should be slightly more than the length of the muzzle. The depth of the chest is less than 50% (a few 44%) the height at the withers.



    Behavior / temperament:

    His natural gift for search and his good smell have made this race very efficient to find truffles. The ancient hunting instinct has been modified by genetic selection, so your work is not distracted by the smell of prey. The Lagotto is manageable, Undemanding, enthusiastic, loving, very attached to its owner and easy to train. Also a very good companion and an excellent watchdog.

    Head:

    Seen from above, trapezoidal in shape and moderately wide; the upper longitudinal axes of the skull and muzzle are slightly divergent.

    Cranial region:
    • Skull: It is wide in the region of the zygomatic arches, and it is as long as it is wide. Seen on side, from occiput to naso-frontal depression, must be longer than the muzzle. It is slightly convex and tends to flatten at the back of the skull. Well developed frontal sinuses, Eyebrows marked, the pronounced mid-frontal sulcus, occipital crest short and underdeveloped, slightly marked supraorbital fossa.
    • Stop: Not too pronounced, but obvious.

    facial region:

    • Truffle: Large with wide open and mobile nostrils. Strongly pronounced middle groove. In profile, The nose continues on the same level as the snout and stands out very slightly from the front edge of the lips. The color varies from light brown to dark, depending on the color of the coat.
    • Snout: Very wide, slightly shorter than the skull, its depth is only slightly less than the length. The muzzle is slightly wedge-shaped and gives a rather blunt profile. The nasal bridge has a straight profile.
    • Lips: The lips are not too thick; they are rather tight, so that the jaw determines the lower profile of the snout. The lips are covered with a rather shaggy long haired mustache. Seen from the front, The lips form a wide semicircle. The color of the edge of the lips varies from light to dark.
    • Jaws / Teeth: Strong jaws with almost straight branches and relatively broad mandibular body. Scissor or pincer bite with well-developed white full teeth. A slight reverse scissor bite is acceptable.
    • Cheeks: Flat.
    • Eyes: Big but never over the top, round, completely fill the eye socket and are quite far apart. The color of the iris ranges from ocher to hazelnut and dark brown, depending on the color of the coat. The eyelids are well adjusted and the color varies from light brown to dark. Very well developed eyelashes. Look alert, lively and cheerful expression.
    • Ears: Medians in proportion to the head, triangular with rounded tips; its base is rather broad; inserted just above the zygomatic arches. Hanging at rest or slightly elevated when the dog is attentive. If they stretch towards the nose they should reach 1/4 the length of the muzzle. The inside of the atrium is also covered with hair.

       

    Neck:

    Strong, muscular, delgado, its cross section is oval; well inserted from the nape of the neck and absolutely free of dewlap, slightly arched. In males the neck perimeter can reach twice its length. The length of the neck is slightly less than the total length of the head.

    Body:

    Compact and strong, the same length as your height at the withers.

    • top line: Straight from the withers to the rump.
    • Cross: Rises above the level of the rump; the highest points of the scapulae are not too close together but set high and lean back well.
    • Back: Straight, very muscular.
    • Pork loin: Short, very strong, slightly convex profile. The width is equal to or slightly greater than its length.
    • Rump: Long, wide, muscular, slightly tilted.
    • Breast : Well developed, reaching to the elbows. Although quite narrow in the front, from the sixth rib it widens towards the back.
    • Bottom line and belly: Long sternal section in the form of a straight line; then slightly retracted

    Tail:

    Insertion neither too high nor too low tapering towards the end. When hanging, it should barely reach the hock. Is covered in woolly or somewhat chalky hair. At rest wears scimitar-shaped; when attentive decidedly elevated. When working or excited you can carry it on your back, but never curled.

    Tips

    Former members:
    • General appearance: Regular, upright viewed from the front and in profile.
    • Shoulder: Long shoulder blades, well leaning back (52 ยฐ -55 ยฐ), muscular, strong and tightly attached to the chest, but with a free movement.
    • Arm: muscular, thin bone structure, the same length as the scapula, His inclination with respect to horizontal is 58ยบ - 60ยบ.
    • Elbows: Well attached to the chest but not too tight, covered with thin skin; parallel to the mid-sagittal plane of the body like the arms. The tip of the elbow is located in a vertical line from the posterior end of the scapula to the ground.
    • Forearm: Perfectly vertical, long, with compact and strong bones of oval section.
    • Carpo: Seen from the front in a vertical line with the forearm; fine, robust and mobile; markedly protruding pisiform bone.
    • Metacarpus: Somewhat thinner and thinner in bone compared to the forearm, it is thin and flexible. In profile, forming an angle of 75 ยฐ -80 ยฐ regarding the ground.
    • Previous feet: Slightly round, compact, with arched and clenched fingers. Strong and curved nails. Well pigmented pads. Very well developed interdigital membranes.
    Later members:
    • General appearance: Powerful, vertical position, seen from the back, well proportioned to the size of the dog and parallel.
    • Thigh: Long, With well -defined and visible muscles. The shaft of the femur has a marked inclination of 80 ยฐ regarding horizontal. The thigh is parallel to the median plane of the body.
    • Knee: The knee angle ranges from 130 ยฐ -135 ยฐ.
    • Leg: Slightly longer than the thigh, of good bones and muscular, with marked muscle groove. Its inclination with respect to the horizontal is 50 ยฐ a 55 ยฐ. Its direction is parallel to the median plane of the body.
    • Hock: Width, thick, delgado, with a marked and well angulated bone.
    • Metatarsus: Delgado, cylindrical, perpendicular to the ground. Without spurs.
    • Hind feet: Slightly more oval than the previous ones and the fingers somewhat less arched.

    Movement:

    Regular step; brisk and fast jog, gallop for short periods.

    Skin

    Thin, stuck all over the body, without wrinkles. The pigmentation of the skin in connection with the mucous membranes and that of the pads varies from light brown to dark and very dark.

    Mantle

    • Fur: Wool texture, never braided to form fine cords, semi-rough texture with tight ring-shaped curls and visible undercoat. The curls should be evenly distributed throughout the body and tail., except in the head, where the curls are not so tight, forming abundant eyebrows, mustaches and beard. The cheeks are covered with thick hair. In the ears, hair tends to show looser curls, but it's still very wavy. No short hair in the ears. The outer hair and especially the sub hair are waterproof. If it is not trimmed, hair tends to become felt (since it continues to grow), so a complete cut should be done at least once a year. Felt textured outer and inner hair should be removed periodically. The trimmed hair should not have more than four centimeters and must be uniform with the dog's silhouette. Only in the head can it be longer, but not long enough to cover the eyes. In the area around the genitals and the anus the hair should be short. Hair should not be shaped or brushed like a Poodle or a Bichon Frise or be cut short to avoid curling or texture can be assessed. Any excess haircut will exclude the dog from being graded. The correct cut helps accentuate the natural look, rustic and typical of the race.
    • Color: solid off-white, white with brown or orange spots, orange roan, ruano, brown (in different shades) with or without white, orange with or without white. Some dogs have a brown to dark brown mask. Tan stains are allowed (in different shades).


    Size and weight:

    Height to the cross:

    • Males: 43- 48 cm. (ideal height: 46 cm.).
    • females: 41- 46 cm. (ideal height: 43 cm.)

    tolerance 1 cm more or less.

    Weight:

    • Males: 13 - 16 kg.
    • females: 11 - 14 kg.


    Fouls:

    Any deviation from the aforementioned criteria is considered as a fault and the severity of this is considered to the degree of the deviation to the standard and its consequences on the health and well-being of the dog., and the dog's ability to perform its traditional task.

    disqualifying fouls:
    • Aggressiveness or extreme shyness.
    • Any dog โ€‹โ€‹showing clear signs of physical or behavioral abnormalities.
    • Atypical specimen.
    • Converging axes of skull and muzzle.
    • Partial depigmentation and / the total.
    • Concave muzzle.
    • Enognathic bite
    • Pronounced prognathic bite.
    • Eyes gazeos.
    • Tail carried curled on the back; anuria the glue cut, either congenital or artificial.
    • amputated tail.
    • Hair not curly or trimmed too short.
    • Hair forming cords.
    • Carved cut.
    • Black hair color, black spots or black pigmentation.
    • Over or under the indicated size.


    N.B.:
    • Males should have two normal-appearing testicles fully descended into the scrotum..
    • Only functionally and clinically healthy dogs, with the typical conformation of the breed, should be used for parenting.

    The latest changes are in bold

    Via: FCI

    Source: F.C.I - International Cynological Federation

    Alternative names:

    1. Lagotto Romagnolo (English).
    2. Lagotto Romagnolo, Lagotto (French).
    3. Lagotto Romagnolo (German).
    4. Lagotto romagnolo (Portuguese).
    5. Lagotto romagnolo, Lagotto de Romagna, Perro de laguna de Romagna (espaรฑol).

    โ–ท The world of Pets: Dogs, cats, birds, reptiles, amphibians

    English Cocker Spaniel
    Inglaterra FCI 5 . Flushing Dogs

    Cocker Spaniel Inglรฉs

    The English Cocker Spaniel he is a sweet and affectionate dog. Excellent guard and loving with children.

    Content

    History

    The term spaniel it applied to any dog รขโ‚ฌโ€นรขโ‚ฌโ€นthat hunted game birds and pulled. Usually they distinguished by their size or the way they work. These may include, there was spaniels land and spaniels water. The dogs that hunted woodcocks were known as Cockers, while the larger spaniels that 'pulled' game from cover by flushing were known as Springers. At any given time, different types could be born in the same litter, but eventually they separated in races: Cocker Spaniels and English Springer Spaniel.

    In the United States and Britain, the Cocker They developed a different aspect, while began to be considered separate races. The Club of the English Cocker Spaniel America was formed in 1935 for people who appreciate the look and the different skills of the English Cocker. The American Kennel Club recognized him as an individual race 1946. The American Cocker It became more popular, but fans of the English Cocker consider their dogs a well kept secret. Today, the English Cocker ranks 66 between breeds registered by the AKC.

    Physical characteristics

    The English Cocker Spaniel, It has the benefit of having many coat colors, and each can have their favorite color. However the selection of the color does not have any influence or precedent on health.

    There are two varieties of Cocker Spaniel, the English Cocker Spaniel, from Wales and the American Cocker Spaniel, It is resulting from the adjustment of the English Cocker Spaniel to United States.

    The English Cocker Spaniel It is a strong dog, Atlรฉtico, Compact and balanced, they weigh in 12 to 15 Kg. In them, the extent of the ground to the cross (39 to 41 cm.) and this at the tail is equal, approximately. The body of the dog is compact, with a well developed chest and possess a slight tilt from the back to the tail.

    The legs are strong and muscular, especially the rear. The wide head, Lightweight aspect, with a large truffle. The English Cocker Spaniel ears are lobular shape and low insertion, at the height of the eyes. It has large eyes. They tend to be Brown, almost dark, although some Cocker they have clear.

    The expression of eyes is intelligent, alert, bright and cheerful. You can see this dog in multiple colors. Copies of solid color only allows a white patch on the chest.

    Character and skills

    The English Cocker Spaniel, It is currently a very popular dog as a companion pet., for those who enjoy the countryside. To develop this race in Wales The aim was to get a dog that would chase the chickens, herding them from their hiding places in the bushes.. Its versatility grew up and went when they realized that this dog was happy in a different position and was also able to swim.

    They enjoy playing with children (especially the females) provided that these comply, It should educate the can so that it does not jump on infants.

    While they are dogs that like to play is recommended to be very careful in dealing with these animals due to his hyperactive character.

    It is a sweet and affectionate dog. Excellent guard and loving with children. Although it is sometimes dominant. Why should be severe education from the beginning. It is a very active dog, cheerful and curious. He likes to be in family or accompanied by. It is a very sensitive breed, If it is many hours alone will be sad. You need love, care in your coat if you want to leave the long skirt.

    Grooming

    Your fur needs cut and this must be done by a professional, or the owner can acquire appropriate equipment and learn to do it himself, on the instructions of the breeder. Depending on each country, There are generally different options of professionals specialized in the grooming of pets in each city, and usually they also provide the service to pick them up and bring them back home when the Cocker It is elegantly trimmed.

    The upper teeth close over the lower teeth and are square in the jaw, and they must be cleaned regularly. Nails should be trimmed as needed. The long ears should be revised weekly and special attention, cleaning up any dirt, grass, seeds, excrement, and other waste that have been able to adhere to the same, Since as you said, they are very susceptible to suffering otitis by his excessive Seborrheic secretion. It is also common for them to have a large number of warts..

    Health

    All purebred dogs have the potential to develop genetic health problems, just as all people have the potential to inherit diseases. Avoid any breeder who does not offer a health guarantee on puppies., I say that race has no known problems, or keep the cubs isolated from the main part of the home for health reasons. A reputable breeder will be honest and open about the health problems of race and incidence occurring with.

    The English Cockers They have some health conditions that may be of concern. They include progressive retinal atrophy, the patellar luxation, cataracts, immune-mediated hemolytic anemia, ear infections, kidney failure juvenile onset, Hypothyroidism and, in particular, hearing loss.

    Remember that after bringing a new puppy to your home, You have the power to protect one of the most common health problems: the obesity. Keep a English Cocker with a proper weight is one of the easiest ways to prolong your life. Make the most of your preventative abilities to help ensure a healthier dog for life.

    Characteristics "English Cocker Spaniel"

    Coexistence is important that you have with your new friend. Before considering the acquisition of a dog of the breed "English Cocker Spaniel" you know certain factors. Not all breeds of dogs are apt to live in an apartment, you must take into account his character, their need for exercise, their interaction with other pets, their care and if you have small children, their level of tolerance towards them.

    Adaptation โ“˜

    5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    friendly dog โ€‹โ€‹โ“˜

    5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    hair loss โ“˜

    4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Affection level โ“˜

    5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Need for exercise โ“˜

    4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Social need โ“˜

    4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Home โ“˜

    5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Toilet โ“˜

    4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Friendly with strangers โ“˜

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    barking โ“˜

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Health โ“˜

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Territorial โ“˜

    2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Cat friendly โ“˜

    4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Intelligence โ“˜

    4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Versatility โ“˜

    5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Child friendly โ“˜

    5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Surveillance โ“˜

    4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    joy โ“˜

    5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Images "English Cocker Spaniel"

    credits:

    1. An English Cocker Spaniel at a dog show by Pleple2000, corected by Torn
    2. Cocker Spaniel Inglรฉs by https://pxhere.com/es/photo/1204664
    3. English Cocker Spaniel, 8 months old by John / CC BY
    4. English Cocker Spaniel by Loyalty4life / Public domain
    5. English Cocker Spaniel by https://www.needpix.com/photo/983524/cocker-spaniel-english-cocker-spaniel-coker-spaniel-dog-doggy-it-lies-resting-their
    6. A red and white ticked male English Cocker Spaniel. by eNil / CC BY

    Videos "English Cocker Spaniel"

    Type and recognitions:

    • FCI CLASSIFICATION:
    • Group :
    • Section : . .

    Federations:

    FCI โ“˜, AKC โ“˜, ANKC โ“˜, CKC โ“˜, โ€‹KC โ“˜, NZKC โ“˜, UKC โ“˜

    FCI breed standard English Cocker Spaniel

    FCIFCI - English Cocker Spaniel
    Cocker

    Alternative names:

    1. English Cocker Spaniel, Cocker (English).
    2. Cocker spaniel anglais (French).
    3. English Cocker Spaniel (German).
    4. English Cocker Spaniel (Portuguese).
    5. Cocker Spaniel Inglรฉs, Cocker (espaรฑol).

    โ–ท The world of Pets: Dogs, cats, birds, reptiles, amphibians

    American Cocker Spaniel
    USA FCI 167 . Flushing Dogs

    Cocker Spaniel Americano

    The American Cocker Spaniel will go is easy to train, friendly and playful, and loves to splash around in the water.

    Content

    History

    The references to the ยซSpanyellsยป date from the 14th century. Different types of spaniels They evolved over the centuries, some working on collecting land and other water birds. the Cocker, hunting and hunting under the command retrieves, It derives its name from his skill in hunting woodcock, a type of wader.

    The spaniels they used to be sorted by size, and different types of spaniels could be born in the same litter. Eventually, The different types of spanieles They became individual races, and so it was with him Cocker. For 1946 the size and appearance of the Cocker and what is now the English Cocker Spaniel they had changed enough for the two to split into separate races.

    The popularity of the Cocker spiked after the release of the classic Disney film โ€œLady and the Trampโ€ in 1955. The immense popularity fueled an increase in bad parenting that resulted in some bad temperaments, but the breeders American Cocker Spaniel They have worked hard to correct the situation. But, It's still important today to find a responsible breeder who maintains the breed's hallmark cheerful disposition rather than continuing to bring out the fearful, gruff dogs that nearly ruined the breed..

    Until 1990, the American Cocker Spaniel It was the most popular breed registered by the American Kennel Club. Today it is ranked 25, but you will always have a place among people who appreciate its moderate size, sweet nature and intelligence.

    Physical characteristics

    The American Cocker Spaniel It is the smallest member of the sporting dogs hunting. His body is strong, compact, delicately modeled head and refined. As a whole, It is a dog well balanced and ideal size. Well shoulders upright on a straight forelegs, its topline slopes slightly towards strong hindquarters, muscled and moderately angulated. A dog is able to develop a considerable speed, combined with a lot of resistance. Above all, It must be a brash and cheerful dog, healthy and well balanced in all its parts; vehement action shows inclination towards work. A well-balanced dog in all its parts is more desirable than a dog with strong contrasting good features and flaws..

    The females weigh on average 9 to 12 kg and have a size of 34 to 36 cm., While males weigh in 10 to 13 kg and measure of 37 to 39 cm..

    Character and skills

    Cheerful and lively, the American Cocker Spaniel It's also smart and confident. Although it still retains a strong hunting instinct, It is often a housemate. With her family is loving and docile. It may be a bit reserved at the beginning with strangers, but soon makes friends. Cockers can be good companions for children. when they grow up together, They can make friends with other pets, including cats, but birds can be an irresistible lure – and not in a good way.

    The Cocker It is highly trainable, but it has a sensitive soul. Early socialization is critical, and even with it some Cockers submissively urinate when your people get home or when they meet new people or dogs or go to new places. Focused training with positive reinforcement methods, especially praise and food rewards.

    The Cocker It can be good in the field tests and as a hunting dog, although for years he was thought of as "just" a companion. One Cocker It is versatile and can do much more than walk around the house, but he is happy to do it because you love being with you.

    any dog, no matter how pleasant it, detestable levels can develop barking, excavations and other undesirable behavior if you are bored, He is not trained or are unsupervised. And any dog รขโ‚ฌโ€นรขโ‚ฌโ€นcan be a test that live during adolescence. In the case of the Cocker, The "adolescence" years begin at six months and continue until the dog is one year old. Barking can be a problem unless the frenes.

    Start training your puppy the day you bring him home. Even at eight weeks old, He is able to absorb everything you can teach. Don't wait until you have 6 months to start training him or you'll have to deal with a more stubborn dog. If possible, take him to puppy kindergarten class when he's between 10 and 12 weeks, y socialize, socialize, socialize.

    But, Note that many kinds of training puppies require certain vaccinations (such as kennel cough) stay up to date, and many veterinarians recommend limited exposure to other dogs and public places until puppy vaccinations (including rabies, distemper and parvovirus) They are completed. Instead of formal training, You can start training your puppy to socialize at home and among family and friends until immunizations are completed in the puppy.

    Talk to the breeder, It describes exactly what you are looking for a dog and asks for help to select a puppy. Breeders see puppies daily and can make incredibly accurate recommendations once they know something about their lifestyle and personality.

    The American Cocker Spaniel Perfect not fully formed out of the whelping box. It is a product of his background and upbringing. Cockers are bred too much in the past, sometimes resulting in a fearful dog, slightly scary in no way represents a good breeding Cocker. Look for one whose parents have good personalities and has been well socialized from an early age puppy.

    ยซAmerican Cocker Spanielยป Grooming

    Beautiful silky coat Cocker seen in dogs in the exhibition circuit does not occur by chance. It takes a lot of work to keep it shiny and tangle. For good reason, most people keep their pets in a trim everywhere, known as cut puppy. Even that requires some maintenance. Dogs with cuts puppy should be bathed, brushed and cut approximately every two weeks.

    If you want long flowing coat, You must be more careful and time, and usually the bathroom, brushing and trimming are done once a week. Most people choose to wear their Cocker a professional groomer, but you can learn to do it yourself. The cost of the equipment amounts to only a few grooming sessions, you will not have to ask for appointments and you will discover that you increase your bond with your Cocker. But, the toilet is not for everyone, so if you don't want to do it, find a hairdresser you like because it is an absolute requirement for a Cocker.

    Like the ears of Cocker They are prone to infections, check them weekly to make sure the inside is a healthy, deep pink color and free of a bad odor. If that is not the case, get to the vet quickly before the ear infection becomes a major problem. Take special care when checking a puppy's ears as there is a significant buildup of wax as the ear canal develops. Clean the ears with a solution recommended by the veterinarian.

    The rest is basic care. Cut toenails every few weeks. Should never last long enough to drown out the noise from the floor. Long nails can make uncomfortable walking in the Cocker, and they can get caught on things and tear. That is so painful, and bleed much. Brush your teeth often for good dental health and fresh breath.

    Health ยซAmerican Cocker Spanielยป

    All dogs have the potential to develop genetic health problems, just as all people have the potential to inherit a particular disease. Run, not walk, from any breeder that does not offer a health guarantee on puppies, tell you that race is 100 percent healthy and has no known problems, or to tell you that their puppies are isolated from the main part of the home for health reasons. A reputable breeder will be honest and open about the breed's health problems and the incidence with which they occur in their lines.. Here is a brief summary of what you should know about the health of the Cocker.

    The American Cocker Spaniel are susceptible to a number of health problems that are, at least in part, genetic. These include many different eye disorders, including cataracts and glaucoma, as well as painful defects of the hips and knees.

    Disc disease can cause the movement is painful for the American Cocker Spaniel, which it is by nature an active dog who loves to run and play. Heart diseases, liver, epilepsy… the Cocker It is at risk of all.

    The variety of eye problems that can afflict the Cocker Spaniel ranging from the aesthetic – a condition called "cherry eye" that can be corrected through surgery – and sight-threatening, including cataracts and glaucoma. While many Cocker completely lose vision in old age, some may already losing two years of age due to progressive retinal atrophy. The Cockers They are also prone to keratoconjunctivitis sicca, a condition known as dry eye, a deficiency of tears that can lead to corneal problems.

    Make sure your pet's eyes are examined by a board-certified veterinary ophthalmologist. Cocker Spaniel once a year and seeking veterinary attention immediately for any signs of vision loss, cloudiness, redness, eye irritation or if the dog squints or bumble.

    The Cockers They may also have hypothyroidism, It is underproduction of thyroid hormone. This can cause weight gain, lethargy, loss of hair, chills and skin infections. a blood test whenever a suspected thyroid disease should be. Skin problems also may indicate allergies, which they are common in the breed, As to the skin masses, which may be benign or cancerous.

    Some Cocker Spaniels They seem to be prone to congenital deafness, associated with white hair and blue eyes. At the age of three or four weeks, in some of these dogs the blood supply to the inner ear is degenerated. It can occur in one or both ears and is permanent.

    those long ears spaniel tend to trap warm, moist air inside the ear canals, creating the perfect environment for the growth of bacteria and yeast, that lead to ear infections. Ear infections can be chronic in some dogs with long ears, so it is necessary to be aware of the care of the ears and clean them religiously. Repeated infections can cause so much damage to the ear canal that the dog will lose their hearing. Severely affected ears may require surgery. Follow-up care is especially important for the ear to prevent new flare-ups of old problems..

    Many Cocker Spaniels are prone to autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA), in which the immune system attacks the dog its own red blood cells to the point that the dog becomes anemic. Although there is treatment, the mortality rate is high.

    Not all of these conditions are detectable on a growing puppy, and it is impossible to predict if an animal will be free of these diseases, so you need to find a reputable breeder who commit to raise healthier animals possible. They should be able to provide an independent certification that the parents of the dog (and grandparents, etc.) have been examined for common defects and considered healthy for breeding. That's where health records come in..

    Careful breeders screen their breeding dogs for genetic diseases and breed only the healthiest, best-looking specimens., but sometimes mother nature has other ideas and a puppy develops one of these diseases despite good husbandry practices. Advances in veterinary medicine mean that in most cases dogs can still live a good life. If you're going to have a puppy, ask the breeder about the ages of the dogs in their lines and what they died of.

    Remember that after getting a new puppy at home, You have the power to protect one of the most common health problems: the obesity. Keep a Cocker Spaniel with a proper weight is one of the easiest ways to prolong your life. Make the most of your preventive skills to help ensure a healthier dog for life.

    Characteristics "American Cocker Spaniel"

    Coexistence is important that you have with your new friend. Before considering the acquisition of a dog of the breed "American Cocker Spaniel" you know certain factors. Not all breeds of dogs are apt to live in an apartment, you must take into account his character, their need for exercise, their interaction with other pets, their care and if you have small children, their level of tolerance towards them.

    Adaptation โ“˜

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    friendly dog โ€‹โ€‹โ“˜

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    hair loss โ“˜

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    Affection level โ“˜

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    Need for exercise โ“˜

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    Social need โ“˜

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    Home โ“˜

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    Friendly with strangers โ“˜

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    barking โ“˜

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    Images "American Cocker Spaniel"

    credits:

    1. golden-american-cocker-spaniel by www.localpuppybreeders.com
    2. American Cocker Spaniel at the Cloisters City Park in Morro Bay, California by "Mike" Michael L. Baird / CC BY
    3. Golden American Cocker SpanielRyan Johnson / CC BY-SA
    4. American Cocker in Tallinn duo CACIB, 17-18 Aug 2013 by Thomas / CC BY-SA
    5. AMERICAN COCKER SPANIEL PUPPY 7 WEEKS – https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:AMERICAN_COCKER_SPANIEL_PUPPY_7_WEEKS.jpg
    6. A black American Cocker Spaniel. By Yoko / CC BY-SA

    Videos "American Cocker Spaniel"

    Type and recognitions:

    • FCI CLASSIFICATION:
    • Group :
    • Section : . .

    Federations:

    FCI โ“˜, AKC โ“˜, ANKC โ“˜, CKC โ“˜, โ€‹KC โ“˜, NZKC โ“˜, UKC โ“˜

    FCI breed standard American Cocker Spaniel

    FCIFCI - American Cocker Spaniel
    Cocker

    Alternative names:

    1. Cocker Spaniel, Cocker, Merry Cocker (English).
    2. Cocker (French).
    3. American Cocker Spaniel, Cocker (German).
    4. American Cocker Spaniel, Cocker (Portuguese).
    5. Cocker americano, Cocker spaniel, Cocker (espaรฑol).

    โ–ท The world of Pets: Dogs, cats, birds, reptiles, amphibians

    English Pointer
    Gran Bretaรฑa FCI 1 - Pointer

    Pointer Inglรฉs

    The English Pointer It is a dog of great kindness and loyalty to its owner and docile.

    Content

    History

    The first records of Pointers in England they date from around 1650. The breed is believed to be the result of a cross between Spanish pointers, the English Foxhound, Greyhounds, St. Hubert Hound, Bulldog and various breeds of Setter.

    The objective of the breeders was to develop an animal that combined the qualities of these different breeds, in particular the developed sense of smell and the physical constitution of the St. Hubert Hound; speed, the elegance and grace of Greyhound; the well-developed rib cage of the English Foxhound, as well as its resistance and ease of maintenance. Later, various breeds of Setters to improve the psychological characteristics of the English Pointer, since the first specimens were described as fierce.

    Until the 18th century, this dog was used to search, locate and mark small game, like the rabbit, the hare or the fox. He worked in tandem with the Greyhounds and other racing dogs, which in turn were in charge of catching and killing prey.

    At the beginning of the 18th century, with the development of the use of firearms for hunting birds, the hunters realized that the English Pointer stood out in the search, signaling and recovery of game birds, thanks mainly to its speed and its great resistance. So, was used primarily for this purpose.

    The international diffusion of English Pointer

    The English Pointer began to spread abroad in the second half of the 19th century.

    It is especially at this time that the first specimens were imported to France by lovers of hunting dogs., like the gentlemen Merle, Bailly, Mayaudon, Caillard y Lambertye.

    Although it is possible that the first specimens were imported much earlier by the colonists, the first official import of a English Pointer in the United States it dates from 1876. From England and with a white and lemon coat, the apt name of Sensation became the emblem of the famous dog show of the Westminster Kennel Club, which was founded the following year and is still today one of the most prestigious dog shows in the world. The breed quickly gained popularity among hunters for hunting quail.

    In 1878, just two years after arriving in the United States, was accepted by the National American Kennel Club, the predecessor of the American Kennel Club (AKC). The English Pointer was one of the first nine breeds recognized by the AKC when it was founded in 1884. The other reference organization in the country, the United Kennel Club (UKC), recognized the breed in the early 20th century. But, was not up 1963 when the breed was officially recognized by the Fรฉdรฉration Cynologique Internationale (FCI), which supervises the national organizations of a hundred countries (including France, Belgium and Switzerland).

    Physical characteristics

    The English Pointer it is a large dog with a harmonious appearance, flexible and elegant. His body is well proportioned and his muscles well developed..

    His tail is rather short, thick at the base and thin towards the tip. It is straight and follows the line of the back. When on the move, beats from side to side.

    His head is flat and rests on a long, muscular neck. Profile, the length of the skull and muzzle are approximately equal.

    The ears are medium in size, droopy and located just above the eyes. They are slightly pointed and thin, with visible veins.

    The eyes are oval in shape, with a hazel color in light-coated individuals, brown on others. In all cases, give the dog a lively look.

    The nose is generally black, but may be lighter in dogs with lemon and white fur. In all cases, their nostrils are wide open.

    The coat of the English Pointer is short, dense, smooth, straight and shiny. Their fur is usually bicolor, mixing white and another color: lemon, orange, brown or black. Unicolor or tricolor individuals are rarer, but they are also recognized by the standard.

    Last, sexual dimorphism is quite marked in this breed: males are larger and above all more massive than females.

    Height and weight

      ▷ Male size: Of 63 to 69 cm.

      ▷ female size: Of 61 to 66 cm.

      ▷ Male weight: Of 20 to 30 kg

      ▷ female weight: Of 18 to 28 kg

    Character and skills

    The English Pointer he is a gentle companion, loyal and affectionate with his family. Get along especially well with children old enough to have learned to interact with animals, and is a tireless playmate for them. He is also very patient and gentle with them, even when they are unruly or even bullying you. But, it is much less suitable for young children due to its large size, since you can easily push them unintentionally. In any case, regardless of race, a dog should never be left alone with a very young child without adult supervision.

    The English Pointer not only does he get along very well with family members, but also with other dogs of the same breed.

    Sharing your everyday life with one of them is a great way to avoid boredom when your child is away from home.. In fact, they have a hard time tolerating loneliness: if left alone too often or for too long, they are very likely to develop separation anxiety, with destructive behavior as a consequence. Whether you share your home with another animal or not, only suitable for a master who generally spends most of his days away from home.

    If you like to be around your family, the Pointer, on the other hand, is much more reserved and distant with strangers. Without showing aggressiveness towards them, does not deprive himself of barking when he perceives danger or a stranger approaches his place of residence. But, although their barking and large size can be a deterrent, his ability to attack when necessary is limited, which does not make them good guardians. On the other hand, is an effective warning dog. Living with a cat or a rodent is possible, as long as they have been raised together or are used to living with other animals from a young age. Otherwise, it is better to avoid taking the risk, since its strong hunting instinct could lead it to consider newcomers as prey. This is also how he sees pet birds and small animals he doesn't know, whether they cross your path on a walk or venture into your garden.

    This temperament is obviously a good thing if employed as a hunter., but it also implies that he must be kept on a leash during walks as long as he does not obey when asked to return, otherwise it will start chasing small animals that pass. Having said that, even with a good recovery workout, cannot be completely trusted: your instincts can get stronger at any time. Thus, It makes sense to invest in a GPS-connected collar, so you can easily locate it if it goes out to sea, especially since then it can get far away, but not necessarily find my way back.

    In any case, the fear that he may be deceiving his masters is no reason to limit his outings, since the remedy would be worse than the disease. In effect, to be balanced, the English Pointer must be able to dedicate at least one hour a day, for example through two or three walks and / or play sessions.

    It is too active to be suitable for an elderly and / or very sedentary person, but its incredible speed and stamina make it a perfect companion for a very active master.. It is a pleasure to accompany you on jogging sessions, bike outings or long walks.

    His curiosity and high intelligence also mean that physical activity is not enough.: to feel good both in your head and in your body, must also be intellectually stimulated. Ideally, you have a job to do or a mission to accomplish as often as possible.. Hunting and dog sports such as agility, obedience and rally are, Therefore, great ways to allow you to exercise both physically and mentally.

    In any case, your activity level makes you unsuitable for apartment living, since you need to be able to run freely at all times in a wide space to expend your excess energy. So, need a house with a garden, but the garden must be well fenced, given his unbridled temper. Using an underground electric fence would not be an effective solution, because their determination is much stronger than the discomfort felt by electrical impulses, especially when he has sniffed a prey and goes after it.

    And just because a dog likes to play in the garden doesn't mean they have to spend most of their time there., away from his family. To be happy and balanced, you need to be surrounded and interact with your family. It also, once your needs are met, he is quite calm and enjoys spending time with his masters, for example lying on the sofa receiving pampering.

    Education

    As in any race, Socialization should be one of the pillars of the education of the English Pointer and start at a young age, when it is most malleable and adaptable. So, you need to get used to being exposed to all kinds of different situations and environments, but also and above all to regularly meet other animals and new people. This is all the more necessary as he tends to be spontaneously shy around strangers..

    The other way, to avoid any hyperapego to their owners, you should also teach your dog to tolerate loneliness. Otherwise, You may find it especially difficult to cope with your absences.

    The intelligence of English Pointer makes you able to learn quickly. This does not mean that he is willing to comply with all the wishes of his master.: has a strong character and can be very stubborn, so sometimes it's hard to make him obey.

    So, to achieve your goals - and, in particular, to get your dog to obey you- his master must be firm in his education and not let anything pass from the beginning, at the risk of ending up with a difficult partner. Pay special attention that the rules are clear from the start, but also constant over time and from one person to another, which requires good cooperation between family members.

    In general, the ideal is to start learning as soon as you get home, opting for the dog training method based on positive reinforcement. In fact, not receptive to reprimands, and responds much better to stimuli and treats.

    But, the different smells and sounds that you perceive around you also interest you very much, and soon catch your attention during training sessions. So, it is better to opt for frequent sessions, short and varied, in order to keep you focused on tasks at all times.

    Difficulties in achieving what is expected of him make it not really recommended for an inexperienced person, since it would soon be difficult for him to hit.

    In any case, given his strong hunting instinct, remembrance is one of the most important teachings you should receive. Prevents him from constantly chasing animals he considers prey and disregarding his master's orders. Although it remains difficult to hope that his ardor will be curbed in the 100% of the cases, it must be kept on a leash during walks as long as this order is not properly assimilated.

    Health

    The English Pointer It, in general, a robust and healthy animal, and their life expectancy, of 12 to 15 years, is rather in the high range of the average for dogs of this size. They can withstand the heat without difficulty, but their short fur makes them especially sensitive to cold and humidity. Thus, it is advisable to cover him with a dog coat when temperatures are low. In any case, it is not suitable for living in a region where the climate is especially cold for much of the year.

    Although in good general health, like any race, you can suffer from various more or less serious illnesses throughout your life. Those that predispose the most are :
    • The Hip Dysplasia, a joint malformation whose appearance may be favored by a hereditary predisposition. It produces pain and lameness that worsen over time, and favors the appearance of osteoarthritis as the animal ages;
    • The metaphyseal osteopathy (or hypertrophic osteopathy), a bone disease that usually manifests itself as the animal grows and progresses rapidly. Besides lameness, can cause various symptoms such as high fever, anorexia or abnormal fatigue. The vital prognosis is good in mild forms of the disease, but much more reserved for the most serious cases;
    • Chondrodysplasia (or dwarfism), a genetic disease that causes underdevelopment of bones and cartilage. The latter causes the front and hind limbs to be shorter than normal.. There is no cure for this disease, but medication can ease the pain, and surgery may be suggested for the most severe cases to correct any deformation of the bones and vertebrae;

    • The stomach dilation-torsion syndrome, which occurs when the stomach swells and folds in on itself, blocking the evacuation of gases and interrupting blood circulation. Unless a vet intervenes quickly, it is usually fatal, so it is a vital emergency;
    • The Addison's disease, an endocrine disorder that is sometimes inherited and is caused by destruction or atrophy of the adrenal glands. This gives rise to various symptoms that may suggest other pathologies.: vomiting, diarrhea, dejection, weightloss, anorexia, tremors… The acute form gives the animal little chance of survival, while a lifelong treatment helps fight the chronic form;
    • The Hypothyroidism, a hormonal disease that causes a decrease in metabolism. Hypothyroidism is a hormonal disease that causes a decrease in metabolism and gives rise to various symptoms that vary from one individual to another.: exhausted, damaged fur, breathing difficulties, overweight… Requires lifelong treatment to alleviate or even prevent these symptoms;
    • The epilepsy, a chronic disease of the nervous system that causes seizures whose manifestations can vary from time to time and from person to person. Although there is no cure, various treatments can reduce the intensity or number of seizures to such an extent that most people with this disease can lead normal lives;
    • Aortic stenosis, a congenital and probably hereditary heart defect that causes heart failure. This anomaly is incurable, and the risk of syncope or heart attack in the affected animal is not negligible. However, there are medications to counteract the effects of heart failure and the risk of sudden death;
    • Demodechia, dermatological disease due to overgrowth of Demodex Canis mites. Hairless spots may appear, itchy redness, blackheads and dandruff. The localized form usually heals itself, but if necessary -or in the case of a generalized form- medication and skin care can help;
    • Allergies, whether they are respiratory, food, skin or contact. Symptoms and treatments depend on the type of allergy in question.;

    congenital deafness, which mainly affects white-coated dogs. Whether it affects one or both ears, is irreversible;

    The ear infections, which are common in any dog โ€‹โ€‹with floppy ears.

    The English Pointer it is also especially prone to various eye diseases:
    • Progressive retinal atrophy, an incurable inherited disease that causes retinal degeneration. Causes progressive loss of vision, first at night and then during the day;
    • The gland prolapse nictitante (or cherry eye), which corresponds to an inflammation of this lacrimal gland. The most common signs are the appearance of a small red ball in the inner corner of the eye and tearing. Can be treated with surgery;
    • The entropion, which is a curvature of the edge of the eyelid towards the inside of the eye. It can be hereditary and causes pain, irritation and inflammation of the cornea and conjunctiva from repeated rubbing of the eyelashes and / or hairs on the fragile parts of the eye. This can be remedied with surgical intervention.;
    • The waterfall, which mainly affects the elderly and corresponds to a clouding of the lens. If nothing is done, leads to progressive loss of vision, up to total blindness. But, an operation can allow the animal to regain correct vision.

    It also, When the English Pointer used for hunting, you are obviously exposed to the risks that this activity implies – particularly that of injuries.

    Having said that, although the list of conditions the breed is predisposed to may seem frightening at first glance, keep in mind that its prevalence remains low, so most of its representatives live in perfect health. This is confirmed by a study carried out in 2004 by the Kennel Club and the British Small Animal Veterinary Association, which showed that old age is the main cause of death in this breed. Old age alone accounts for a quarter of deaths, while cancers rank second and are implicated in around the 20% of the cases.

    However, it is true that a large part of the diseases to which the breed is predisposed are or may be hereditary, which justifies favoring a serious breeder of English Pointer. In effect, not content with offering puppies quality socialization from their first weeks of life, a professional worthy of the name takes care that they do not suffer from a hereditary defect transmitted by their parents. To avoid this, has various genetic tests performed routinely on individuals you plan to breed, to avoid the transmission of a hereditary pathology and, of course, rule out those at risk. In addition to the test results in question, must be able to present a certificate of good health issued by a veterinarian, as well as details of the vaccinations administered, registered in the animal's sanitary or vaccination registry.

    Once adopted, it must be ensured that the animal does not make any excessively long or intense physical effort during its growth, which usually lasts until 18 months. In effect, your bones and joints are then especially fragile; would run the risk of injury or developing malformations, with consequences that could last a lifetime. These may include, this could lead to the development of Hip Dysplasia, to which you are predisposed.

    Last, throughout his life, the English Pointer must be taken at least once a year to the vet for a complete health check. This appointment is also an opportunity to carry out any necessary vaccine withdrawals.. At the same time, to prevent risks related to parasites (worms, ticks…), your owner must make sure to renew your deworming treatments whenever necessary.

    Life expectancy

    Of 13 to 14 years

    Grooming

    The English Pointer it is an easy breed of dog to take care of, and this is especially true for their fur. Brushing once a week with a special glove or a rubber brush is enough to remove dead hairs and spread the sebum all over his coat.. If rubbed gently with a chamois or soft cloth, will be bright. It is also the occasion to detect possible skin problems, that are frequent in him.

    During your seasonal molt, in spring and autumn, hair loss is still moderate, but brushing frequency should be increased. Ideally, do it two or three times a week.

    When properly cared for, the fur of the English Pointer does not get very dirty and rarely smells bad. So, no need to wash frequently: once or twice a year is enough, unless, of course, is dirty or smells bad. In any case, a mild shampoo designed specifically for dogs should always be used, to avoid damaging your skin with an unsuitable product. In fact, the pH of dog skin differs from that of human skin.

    You have to pay special attention to their droopy ears, since this morphological peculiarity increases the risk of infections at this level (otitis, etc.). So, not only do they have to be inspected and cleaned at least once a week, but also spend time drying them every time they have been in contact with water or have spent a long time in a humid environment, to prevent moisture build-up.

    The maintenance of your dog's ears and also the opportunity to check his eyes and clean them if necessary, in order to avoid the risk of infections.

    It also, teeth should also be cleaned at least once a week with dog toothpaste and a toothbrush or pad. This helps limit the formation and accumulation of tartar., that favors the development of bad breath and various oral diseases. Ideally, brush your teeth several times a week or even daily.

    Looking at its claws, the activity level of the English Pointer makes natural wear and tear normally enough to file them. But, as you age or are no longer as active as before, they can get too long and end up annoying or even hurting you. So, they must be examined regularly and cut with a file or nail clipper as soon as necessary. This is the case as soon as a kind of rattling sound is heard when walking on hard ground.

    Whether the fur, the ears, the eyes, teeth or claws, do not hesitate to ask for the help of a professional (vet or groomer) to know the proper care of the English Pointer. It is also advisable to accustom your pet to being handled from a young age.

    This facilitates not only grooming sessions, but also to be able to examine it easily every time you return from a long stay abroad, for example during a hunting day. In effect, this is important to make sure he is not injured or that there are no parasites or spikes stuck in his fur.

    Food

    As in the case of any race, the diet of English Pointer should fit your size, age, health and physical activity level, both in terms of the choice of products and the amount of food given each day. To maximize the chances of keeping your dog healthy, it is recommended to feed him with high quality croquettes or hamburgers that provide him with all the nutrition he needs.

    Nutrient intake can vary significantly throughout the year. If used as a hunter, will use more energy during certain periods of the year, so your daily rations should be modified and increased, since the diet of a hunting dog is not the same as the usual. But, it is important to return to a normal amount of food once the season is over to avoid any risk of overweight in dogs.

    In fact, but the English Pointer are not predisposed to obesity, it is advisable to monitor your weight every month to ensure that everything is fine at that level. This is even more important if you have been spayed, since the risk is then higher. In case the magnification is prolonged or even increased during several measurements in a row, it is necessary to take it to the vet to find out the cause of the problem and thus know how to remedy it. In any case, your diet and activity level may not be the cause, for example if weight gain is a symptom of an underlying disease.

    In any case, diet is especially important when the dog is small and growing. Feeding them too much and / or giving them too much food can cause them to grow too fast, which can cause not only injuries, but also long-term problems with bones and joints, as deformities. On the other hand, improper nutrition can also cause potentially very damaging stunting.

    Regardless of age, the ideal is, as with any dog, divide your daily ration into several meals. This is all the more essential since it is predisposed to the dilation-torsion of the stomach., which often follows the rapid absorption of a large amount of food. It also, to avoid the latter, meals should be taken in a quiet place and one hour away from any strenuous physical activity.

    It also, the fact that it is not especially prone to obesity does not justify giving it food intended for humans (for example, table scraps), without ensuring that you can effectively meet your nutritional needs. Otherwise, it would do more harm than good, especially, of course, if the food is popular with humans but toxic to dogs.

    Last, water must be available throughout the day and must be changed regularly to keep it fresh. If used for hunting, it is better to carry enough than to let him drink standing water.

    Use

    Before the 18th century, the English Pointer it was mainly used as Pointing Dogs for small game, like the rabbit, the hare or the fox. Thus, cared for possible prey and worked with racing dogs, who were in charge of hunting and catching them.

    With the arrival of firearms in his native England in the early 18th century, began to be used more to target and retrieve game birds, function in which he stood out.

    Even today, are still highly prized by hunters, who use it mainly as Pointing Dogs.

    They are also found as pets. Its sweetness and affectionate character make the Pointer a very endearing companion, as long as his family can meet his great need for exercise and they are sufficiently present for him.

    Their loyalty to their owners and their aloof and aloof demeanor with strangers, without depriving yourself of barking loudly when they approach, make it an excellent warning dog. But, its ability to act as a watchdog is limited by its lower propensity to attack in danger.

    It is also a good companion for dog sports. Its competitive character and its resistance allow it to distinguish itself in disciplines such as canicross, el cani-VTT, obedience, the rally and agility.

    Last, his elegance and his desire to please his masters also make him a sure value in canine beauty contests. In fact, he was already often seen at dog shows in the 19th century.

    Price

    The price of a puppy English Pointer varies between the 450 and 1.200 EUR, and the mean is around 900 EUR, without great differences between males and females. There are many breeders throughout Europe.

    On the other hand, in Canada remain rare, so the number of individuals offered each year is quite limited. The amount requested usually ranges from 1200 and 3000 canadian dollars. So, the most pertinent option may be to buy in the United States, where a puppy can be acquired for between 1000 and 1500 USD. Then, you must ensure that you adhere to the regulations regarding the importation of a dog into Canada and note that transport and administrative costs are added to the purchase price.

    regardless of the country, price differences from one individual to another are explained by their own characteristics (and in particular its greater or lesser conformity with the breed standard), but also by the reputation of the lineage from which they come, as well as the prestige of the breeding.

    Characteristics "English Pointer"

    Coexistence is important that you have with your new friend. Before considering the acquisition of a dog of the breed "English Pointer" you know certain factors. Not all breeds of dogs are apt to live in an apartment, you must take into account his character, their need for exercise, their interaction with other pets, their care and if you have small children, their level of tolerance towards them.

    Adaptation โ“˜

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    friendly dog โ€‹โ€‹โ“˜

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    Affection level โ“˜

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    Need for exercise โ“˜

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    Home โ“˜

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    Toilet โ“˜

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    Friendly with strangers โ“˜

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    barking โ“˜

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    Health โ“˜

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    Territorial โ“˜

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    Intelligence โ“˜

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    Versatility โ“˜

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    Child friendly โ“˜

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    Surveillance โ“˜

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    joy โ“˜

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    Images of the ยซEnglish Pointerยป

    Videos of the ยซEnglish Pointerยป

    Type and recognitions:

    • FCI CLASSIFICATION:
    • Group :
    • Section : . .

    Federations:

    • FCI – Group 7: Pointing Dogs. – Section 2: Continental Pointing Dogs. 2.1: Pointer โ“˜
    • AKCSporting โ“˜
    • ANKC Group 3 (Gundogs) โ“˜
    • CKCSporting Dogs โ“˜
    • โ€‹KC – Gundog โ“˜
    • NZKCGundog โ“˜
    • UKCGun Dogs โ“˜

    FCI breed standard "English Pointer"

    Origin:
    England, United Kingdom

    Date of publication of the valid original standard:
    28.07.2009

    Use:

    Pointing Dogs.



    General appearance:

    The Pointer is harmonious, well built throughout. He gives an impression of strength and agility. Its general profile describes a series of graceful curves.



    Behavior / temperament:

    Aristocratic. Active, an impression of strength emanates from its entire ensemble, perseverance and speed. Good character; of a natural
    indifference.

    Head:

    ---

    Cranial region:
    • Skull: Of an average width, in relation to the length of the snout. Pronounced occipital Protuberance.
    • Depression links (Stop): Well marked.

    facial region:

    • Truffle: dark colored, but could be clearer in the case of the fur lemon and white; soft and moist; the Windows are wide open.
    • Snout: Somewhat concave and ends at the level of the truffle, giving the face a spectrum slightly concave. Slight depression under the eyes.
    • Lips: Well-developed and flexible.
    • Jaws / Teeth: The jaws are strong and articulated in perfect scissors., regular and complete, That is, the upper incisors cover the lower incisors in close contact and are implanted vertically in relation to the jaws..
    • Cheeks: They are not prominent.

    Eyes: Equal distance from the back of the head and the truffle. Alive with expression of kindness. The eyes are hazel or brown depending on the color of the coat.. They are not or projections, or huraรฑos. The look is not fleeting. The outline of the eyes is dark, but it can be more clear in the case of the fur lemon and white.

    Ears: The skin is thin. The ears are set quite high. They are located next to the head, slightly pointed and average length in the end.

    Neck:

    Long, muscular, slightly curved, offering a beautiful birth of neck, free Gill.

    Body:

    • Pork loin: Strong, muscular and slightly vaulted. Short.
    • Breast : You have the just width required for a good range of the sternal region. The sternum descends to the level of the elbows. Well arched ribs, well developed towards the posterior region of the chest, decreases gradually towards spine.

    Tail:

    Of average length, thick at the base, gradually tapering to the end. Well covered with dense hair and carried level with the back, without presenting curvature upwards. When is the dog in action, the queue be whipped from one side to another.

    Tips

    PREVIOUS MEMBERS: Previous members, the elbow to the ground, they are straight and firm, with good bones. The bones are oval, strong and visible tendons.

    • Shoulder: Long, oblique and well inclined backwards.
    • Carpo: The joint does not exceed the previous member profile and makes a very light outgoing envelope the internal face.
    • Metacarpus: Rather long, strong and elastic, slightly tilted.
    • Front feet: The feet are oval; fingers are tight and well arched, equipped with good pads.

    LATER MEMBERS: Very muscular. The bones of the hips are well separated and prominent, but they do not exceed the level of the back.

    • Thigh: Good development.
    • Knee: Well angled.
    • Leg: Good development.
    • Hock: Well descended.
    • Rear feet: The feet are oval; fingers are tight and well arched, equipped with good pads.

    Movement:

    Meeting. The dog cover much ground. The discharge is given by the later train. Elbows should not be turn neither inwards, or out. In any way the members you must lift high to the shape of a Hackney horse (high gaits or brincantes).

    Mantle

    HAIR: The hair is fine, short, hard and equally distributed, perfectly smooth, straight and well polished.

    COLOR: Common colors are lemon and white, Orange and white, liver (brown) and white, black and white. Unicolores and tri-colored coats are equally correct.



    Size and weight:

    The height to the desired cross, for the male, is of 63 to 69 cm. (25 to 27 inches), for the female of 61 to 66 cm. (24 to 26 inches).



    Fouls:

    Any deviation from the above criteria is considered missing and the seriousness is considered to the extent of the deviation to the standard and its impact on the health and welfare of the dog, and the ability of the dog to carry out their traditional work.

    FALTAS DESCALIFICANTES

    • Aggressive or fearful dog.
    • Any dog โ€‹โ€‹showing clear signs of physical or behavioral abnormalities must be disqualified..


    N.B.:

    Males should have two normal-appearing testicles fully descended into the scrotum..

    TRANSLATION: Dr. Federico del Valle.

    Source: F.C.I - International Cynological Federation

    Alternative names:

    1. Pointer (English).
    2. Pointer (French).
    3. Englische Pointer (German).
    4. (em inglรชs: English Pointer), Pointer (Portuguese).
    5. Perdiguero inglรฉs (espaรฑol).