The “Romanian Mioritic Shepherd Dog”, or Ciobanesc Romanesc Mioritic in romanian, it is a natural breed that has been present for centuries in the Carpathians, especially in southern Transylvania, in the mountainous regions near Sibiu and Brasov. Its exact origins are unknown., but it seems that their ancestors came to Romania around the 13th century with the Tatars who came to settle in the Danube Delta region and along the Black Sea coast.

In the middle ages, some local rulers used these powerful dogs to accompany their armies. This fueled the legend that the dogs often seen in ancient engravings depicting the battles between the Roman Empire and the Dacians, a native people of the Carpathians, they are the shepherds of Mioritza. However, since these battles took place over 1000 years before the arrival of the dog's ancestors to the region, it is in fact unlikely that he can claim to have any connection to these feats of arms.

In fact, the Mioritza Shepherd Dog he was above all the faithful companion of the illiterate peasants and shepherds isolated in the mountains. Stunning, mighty and brave, protected, y aún hoy protege, herds against the many predators that live in the Carpathians: Lynx, Wolf, bear…

His name is also a reference to his qualities as a pastor, Since the word “mioara” means “sheep” in romanian, precisely the animal that it has been protecting for several centuries.

Even today, many shepherds claim that only one of these dogs can scare away a bear, y la creencia popular dice que es la única raza del mundo capaz de enfrentarse a un oso y salir con vida.

The first written references to Mioritic go back to 1930, when Professor Gheorghe Moldoveanu, studying the Romanian Carpathian Shepherd Dog, made a first distinction between the different romanian sheepdogs. In 1934, the National Zootechnical Institute published a description of the dog Romanian Mioritic Shepherd Dog, but it wasn't until 1981 that a first breed standard was defined, prepared by the Romanian Cynological Association (ACR).

This standard was revised in 2002 to meet the requirements of the Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI), who accepted the dog Romanian Mioritic Shepherd Dog provisionally in 2005, before finally recognizing it in 2015. In the meantime, había despegado al otro lado del Atlántico, as recognized by the American United Kennel Club (UKC) in 2006. El otro organismo de referencia del país, the American Kennel Club (AKC), did the same in 2018. However, neither the British nor the Canadian Kennel Club have followed suit.

It is estimated that the population of Romanian Mioritic Shepherd Dog is of 10.000 individuals in Romania, pero la gran mayoría son perros con pedigrí y sin registrar. In fact, aunque la cría de perros sin pedigrí está prohibida en el país desde 2015, ancient habits are slowly changing. So that, there is often a dog left “field” from which a puppy is delivered to the neighbor of the village when a litter is born, en lugar de un perro de pedigrí que se adquiere de un criador profesional.

On the other hand, although they are still relatively popular in the Romanian mountains, the Romanian Mioritic Shepherd Dog siguen siendo en gran medida desconocidos fuera de su país de origen, despite the efforts of Barbara Fallent, an Austrian-based breeder dedicated to popularizing them in Europe.

Photo: Ciobanesc Mioritic by DorinRodina, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons

Sometimes nicknamed “wool bear”, the Romanian Mioritic Shepherd Dog is tall, powerful and furry. It is often confused with the Old English Sheepdog (or Bobtail), con el que tiene muchas similitudes físicas.

They are big and massive, but harmonious and very agile for a dog of this size, while its legs are muscular and erect. La cola se pone alta y se lleva caída cuando está en reposo, but it rises horizontally when in the gazebo.

The neck is of medium length but broad and powerful, and bears a massive head of large size in relation to the rest of the body. The skull is slightly domed and ends in a rather short muzzle, tapering towards the nose. Este último debe ser negro y bien desarrollado. Las poderosas mandíbulas son de mordida de tijera. The triangular ears with rounded tips fall along the cheeks and “disappear” in the fur.

The eyes are medium in size, often hazel or dark brown in color, but they can also be lighter in color, except yellow, which is not accepted by the standard of Romanian Mioritic Shepherd Dog. They express calm and intelligence.

The coat of the mioritic it is very long, measure at least 10 cm.. Covers the whole body, from head to tip of tail, going through the legs, where however it is a little shorter. The top coat is rough, while the lower layer is more flexible and dense, which makes the coat perfectly adapted to harsh weather conditions.

The coat can be uniform, white or gray, but most often it is variegated, with distinctive black or gray spots protruding from the white fur.

Sexual dimorphism is moderately marked, the female being only slightly smaller than the male.

The Romanian Mioritic Shepherd Dog es un perro tranquilo y equilibrado que tiene un vínculo extraordinariamente fuerte con su amo y su familia, vínculo que se forma naturalmente durante el período de crecimiento. We know that it is “a master's dog” – the person who adopted and raised him – lo que hace muy difícil adoptar un perro adulto de Mioritic Shepherd Dog.

Es increíblemente devoto y leal a su familia, at least the family he grew up with. Adultos, children, pets or farm animals…: everyone he lives with is part of his family, and once he is an adult he will stop at nothing to protect them. Quiet and affectionate, gets along very well with children, without being an ideal playmate, especially for the little ones and / or restless, since he prefers quieter activities. What's more, given its size, podría involuntariamente empujar a uno pequeño.

Un típico perro pastor, que desconfía de los extraños. Although tolerate close friends who come often, barks vigorously when a stranger approaches, and only allows him to enter his territory with the agreement of his master. Therefore, a lot of work on socialization and obedience is necessary from an early age to prevent this dog's power from, able to scare away wolves and bears, be misdirected, with dramatic consequences.

The Romanian Mioritic Shepherd Dog need space, and it is not at all a breed of dog adapted to apartment living. Its territorial and protective character makes it not an ideal option for people who live in a residential area., incluso con un gran jardín. Rather, they adapt better to the field or the mountains, where they have space and where they find less “threats” potentials, especialmente porque pueden pasar fácilmente sus días y noches al aire libre.

Having said that, if you need space, the mioritic neither is it a dog that needs a lot of exercise, at least not as an adult. It is true that the puppies of this breed are hyperactive and need to exercise daily, either in the form of games or walks. But the adult is much calmer, como lo son la mayoría de los perros pastores, who prefer to stay close to their herd and not stray too far from it: patrullar en el jardín y dar un paseo ocasional con su amo es más que suficiente para él.

However, it is important to know that the “territory” that defends the Romanian Mioritic Shepherd Dog no se limita a su jardín: protect the place where your family is, estableciendo una especie de perímetro de seguridad a su alrededor en todas las circunstancias. Like this, if your flock grazes in the mountains, don't let anyone get close, and if your family walks in a park, does the same.

However, the Mioritic Shepherd Dog not spontaneously aggressive, and never attacks for no reason. Barks to warn the intruder that they are not welcome, and leave the one who understands the message alone. On the other hand, anyone who risks ignoring the warning without his master's consent risks finding out why this dog has been the best friend of Romanian shepherds and protector of their flocks for centuries.

Finally, used to accompany them alone, have learned to make decisions on their own. Although loyal and obedient, his independent character and power make him a dog that is not suitable as a first dog.

If socializing the puppy from an early age is necessary for all breeds, es aún más indispensable en el caso del Romanian Mioritic Shepherd Dog. You must meet the people you may meet as an adult as soon as possible and get used to the situations that will be part of your life: walks in a crowded place, visits to the vet, sesiones en la peluquería… Estos últimos también deben permitirle acostumbrarse a ser manejado sin vacilar, which is absolutely essential to avoid any problems once adult, given its size and power.

In the same way, learning obedience should begin as soon as the dog is adopted. Smart and devoted, the Romanian Mioritic Shepherd Dog it is relatively easy to train if your master has the necessary experience and knows how to remind your dog who the master is if necessary. On the other hand, Inconsistent or hesitant orders can lead you to take matters into your own hands and choose the attitude that seems most appropriate. Unfortunately, in such cases, unlikely to make the desired decision.

In any case, si bien la ayuda profesional puede ser útil como apoyo, education must be provided by the teacher himself. Es la única persona cuya autoridad reconoce y en la que confía.

What's more, traditional training methods should be banned, ya que corren el riesgo de dañar el fuerte vínculo entre el alumno y su maestro. Positive reinforcement-based dog training is a much better option.

Regarding your role as guardian, no requiere ningún entrenamiento especial. In fact, their instinct for protection is innate, por lo que no necesita ningún entrenamiento específico para convertirse en un excelente perro guardián. In the same way, learn to become a good herding watchdog by observing adults, and just reproduce this behavior when it grows. Once again, no se requiere un entrenamiento específico.

The Romanian Mioritic Shepherd Dog he is a very healthy dog: is not subject to hereditary diseases, sólo es ligeramente sensible a enfermedades comunes y es resistente a condiciones climáticas difíciles. In fact, many individuals reach the age of 14 years or more, which is unusual for a dog of this size.

However, like all large dog breeds, may suffer from ..:

▷ Hip Dysplasia;
▷ elbow dysplasia;
▷ gastric dilation-torsion.

What's more, its long and dense coat can become a refuge for many parasites, especially if you spend most of your time outdoors. Therefore, es esencial asegurarse regularmente de que todos sus tratamientos antiparasitarios estén al día.

The Romanian Mioritic Shepherd Dog It is an easy-care breed of dog: a weekly brushing of his coat is enough to get rid of his dead hairs and ensure that he has no injuries that can be hidden by his long hair.

However, during the move, the dog should be brushed more frequently to avoid accumulation of dead hair, que podrían crear nudos y convertirse en verdaderos “parasite nests”.

Bathing the dog is unnecessary, since the Romanian Mioritic Shepherd Dog has a self-cleaning coat. Even if he rolled in the mud before he came home, dejarlo afuera en un lugar seco debería ser suficiente para deshacerse de la suciedad. “One Mioritic dry is a Mioritic clean”, as the shepherds say.

On the other hand, it is essential to check every 2 or 3 días que sus ojos y oídos no estén sucios y no muestren ningún signo de infección. Their teeth and claws may be checked less regularly, but special attention should be paid to the dog's paw pads to make sure there is no accumulated dirt.

It is a good idea to get used to Romanian Mioritic Shepherd Dog to these grooming sessions from an early age, to avoid any problems later, given its size and power. If the teacher knows how to do it, they can become beautiful moments of complicity between him and his partner.

On the other hand, if it has to be prepared by a professional, the presence of your caregiver is necessary to calm you down and ensure that you do not have any aggressive reaction towards the stranger who is manipulating you.

Un cachorro de Romanian Mioritic Shepherd Dog costs between 1000 and 1200 EUR. A male is more expensive than a female, because males are more sought after by shepherds.

In any case, It is necessary to be well informed about the origin of the puppy and to check its documents with the Romanian Canine Association (ACR). In fact, from 2015, la reproducción de perros sin pedigrí o no registrados en el Libro de Orígenes de Rumania está prohibida en Rumania, and the marketing of these puppies is illegal.

Coexistence is important that you have with your new friend. Before considering the acquisition of a dog of the breed "Romanian Mioritic Shepherd Dog" you know certain factors. Not all breeds of dogs are apt to live in an apartment, you must take into account his character, their need for exercise, their interaction with other pets, their care and if you have small children, their level of tolerance towards them.

• FCI CLASSIFICATION:
• Group :
• Section : . .

Federations:

• – FCI – Group 1 Herding dogs, Section 1 Sheepdogs ⓘ
• – AKC – Foundation Stock Service ⓘ
• – UKC – Herding dogs ⓘ

FCI - Romanian Mioritic Shepherd Dog

1. Romanian Mioritic, Mioritic Shepherd Dog, Ciobănesc Românesc Mioritic (English).
2. Mioritic (French).
3. Mioritic, Mocano, Barac (German).
4. (em romeno: Ciobănesc românesc mioritic) ciobanesc romanesc mioritic (Portuguese).
5. Mioritic (español).

The “Romanian Carpathian Shepherd Dog”, also known as Carpatin (of his original name Ciobanesc Romanesc Carpatin), He is native to Romania, more precisely from the Danube Delta.

It is said to be descended from the Lupo races – molosoides, comparable in size to ancient mastiffs, pero con una morfología más cercana a la del lobo, and that has been used to protect herds for more than 9.000 years, that is to say, since the beginning of the domestication of cattle in this region.

Legend has it that their ancestors, a los que está físicamente muy unido, they interbred naturally with wolves, resulting in a powerful and fearsome race. Although there is no irrefutable evidence, such hybridizations between dog and wolf are known to have in fact occurred in various regions of the world, lo que hace plausible esta teoría.

A menudo cazando en jauría, nothing stops this dog with his courage and unerring protective instinct. There have even been cases where a herd of Carpathian shepherds has been seen repelled by an adult bear. The Romanian Carpathian Shepherd Dog has been selected over the centuries with the main criterion of utility, lo que explica por qué ha conservado intactas sus cualidades de perro de pastoreo hasta el día de hoy, especialmente porque Rumania todavía tiene muchos depredadores en su territorio, including wolves and bears. Over the years, they have also become increasingly integrated into the family as guard dogs; very protective of their master, it's a role they play wonderfully.

The first breed standard was developed in Romania in 1934. Después de la caída del comunismo en 1989, a few passionate breeders of the Romanian Carpathian Shepherd Dog developed the breed so that its standard could meet the criteria of the Fédération Cynologique Internationale. Their efforts paid off, ya que este último lo reconoció finalmente de manera provisional en 2005, and then definitely ten years later, in 2015. Among the other large canine organisms, the Société Centrale Canine and the United Kennel Club also recognize the Romanian Carpathian Shepherd Dog, what is not the case with the American Kennel Club, the Canadian Kennel Club or the Kennel Club, the leading organization in Great Britain.

Although they are increasingly known and appreciated in the rest of the world, the Romanian Carpathian Shepherd Dog sigue siendo bastante raro fuera de su país de origen. On the other hand, still very popular in Romania, donde se utiliza como perro de pastoreo y como perro de guardia y de compañía.

Photo: Possibly Carpathian sheepdog or Bucovina sheepdog by Alex Zelenko, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons

The Romanian Carpathian Shepherd Dog es un perro grande con un físico impresionante.

The body is rectangular, vigorous and well developed, without heaviness. Its length is greater than the height at the withers, and the lumbar region may be slightly longer in females than in males.

The tail is held high, reaching or slightly exceeding the point of the hock. With abundant hair, hangs at rest but is carried high and slightly curved in action. It is neither flat nor rolled in the back.

The head is strong but not heavy, of type lupoid, with a stop moderately marked. The nose is always black, big and wide. The scissor bite is powerful. The eyes are medium in size, almendrada form, dark brown. The ears, situadas un poco más arriba de la línea de los ojos, they are triangular in shape, a little rounded at the tip, and fall close to the cheeks.

The inner layer is dense and flexible, color clear, but the hair is rough, smooth and dense. It is shorter and flatter on the head and front of the legs, longer in the neck, the back of the legs and tail. It is abundant and of medium length in the rest of the body. The fur is sable (Wolf) with white markings, and the skin is ash colored.

The Romanian Carpathian Shepherd Dog is balanced, calm and brave. They are innate herding dogs with a very strong protective instinct, con un apego incondicional a su rebaño y una cercanía a su amo y familia que es mucho mayor que la de la mayoría de las otras razas de perros guardianes.

This protective instinct makes them mistrust strangers. In the presence of a stranger, will come between him and his family and bark as a warning, until his master makes him understand that there is no danger.

However, due to its friendlier temperament than the average of other guard dog breeds, también es un excelente perro de compañía. As a breed of dog adapted to children, he is very gentle with them and is a great playmate for them. Regarding the cohabitation of the dog with the cat, generally goes well. Last, the fact that they have long gotten used to defending themselves and working in packs also explains why they generally manage to get along with their peers, although they can be dominant with them.

Although it suits all families quite well, este perro grande y enérgico necesita mucho ejercicio y juego para mantener su equilibrio mental y su salud física. Therefore, better suited to a family that likes to move, and thus you can enjoy hiking with your dog (dogs-rando), from running with your dog (canicross) or cycling with your dog (cani-mountain biking). To feel completely fine, need at least an hour of daily exercise.

Therefore, not at all suitable for use in an apartment: un espacio demasiado pequeño y un ejercicio físico insuficiente podrían provocar trastornos de comportamiento en el perro, including uncontrolled aggression (even towards their owners) and / or destructive behavior on the part of the dog. This is all the more true since the Romanian Carpathian Shepherd Dog is slightly more sensitive and less independent than other guard dog breeds; therefore shows more anxiety in case of prolonged loneliness, especially if you are indoors with nothing to do to keep busy. Therefore, el hogar ideal para él es uno con un gran jardín cerrado donde pueda correr, and a master who is available to play with his dog and walk him for long hours.

Although the Romanian Carpathian Shepherd Dog it is a calm and balanced dog that is easier to train than other guard dog breeds, needs a strong education to start at an early age, since it has a strong character. It is imperative that the owner immediately show his dog who the master is and impose his authority, a riesgo de ver a su compañero con su impresionante físico tomar el control.

Of course, firm does not mean brutal. Positive dog training, con estímulos y recompensas, is always the best way to earn respect and obedience. El entrenamiento puramente autoritario sólo llevaría a la confrontación con este perro voluntariamente dominante.

Although there have been cases of hip dysplasia or eye problems in some individuals, the Romanian Carpathian Shepherd Dog it is a robust breed of dog, able to stay outdoors in inclement weather without being unduly hindered and, In addition, no tiene una predisposición congénita a determinadas patologías.

Therefore, daily exercise and a balanced diet are enough to keep the dog healthy, vigorous and toned.

However, hay que tener cuidado de no darle una porción demasiado grande de comida antes del esfuerzo físico: like all big breeds, is particularly exposed to the risk of stomach dilation-torsion.

Although the Romanian Carpathian Shepherd Dog has a long fur, rarely needs professional grooming. However, it is recommended to brush the dog's hair daily with a wire brush or detangler, especialmente durante el período de muda.

If you spend most of your time outdoors, it is recommended to wash your dog once a month. However, if you stay inside, a dog bath every three to four months is sufficient.

On the other hand, it is important to regularly examine and clean the dog's ears, como para todos los perros con orejas caídas. Una acumulación de cera de oídos o de bacterias podría conducir a infecciones, como las infecciones de oído.

What's more, as in all races, brushing your dog's teeth at regular intervals is essential to avoid tartar problems. Lo ideal sería que pudieras hacer esto dos o tres veces por semana.

Finally, how often a dog's claws are trimmed depends on its level of activity. It is best to inspect them from time to time and trim them if necessary.

Coexistence is important that you have with your new friend. Before considering the acquisition of a dog of the breed "Romanian Carpathian Shepherd Dog" you know certain factors. Not all breeds of dogs are apt to live in an apartment, you must take into account his character, their need for exercise, their interaction with other pets, their care and if you have small children, their level of tolerance towards them.

Photos:

1 – “Romanian Carpathian Shepherd Dog” by https://pxhere.com/es/photo/1434185
2 – “Romanian Carpathian Shepherd Dog” by https://pxhere.com/es/photo/1625909

• FCI CLASSIFICATION:
• Group :
• Section : . .

Federations:

• – FCI – Group 1 Herding dogs, Section 1 Sheepdogs ⓘ
• – UKC – Herding dogs ⓘ

FCI - Romanian Carpathian Shepherd Dog

1. Romanian Shepherd, Romanian Carpathian Shepherd, Carpathian Sheepdog (English).
2. Chien de berger des Carpathes (French).
3. Carpatin, Zavod (German).
4. (em romeno: Ciobănesc românesc carpatin) (Portuguese).
5. Carpatin, Pastor de los Cárpatos, Perro pastor de los Cárpatos (español).