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Aidi – Atlas Mountain Dog
Marruecos FCI 247 - Molossoid . Mountain

aidi

The Aidi is highly energetic, protective and extremely vigilant. Despite its resemblance to Sheepdogs, The Aidi is not one of them because there are no sheepdogs from the Atlas.

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Cimarrón uruguayo
Uruguay FCI 353 - Molossoid - Dogo

Cimarrón

The Cimarrón uruguayo also called Cimarrón dog or Creole cimarrón is the only breed developed entirely in Uruguayan territory.

Content

History

The Cimarrón uruguayo Bulldog is a dog type molosoide, medium-sized, compact and strong, the fur can be striped or also bayo (cream-coloured) and snout black. His temperament is docile, cunning and guardian, ideal for guard, company or big game. It is recognized as a race in Uruguay from 1989 and internationally by the Federation Cynologique Internationale – FCI, from the 21 in February of 2006.

Etymologically Cimarron is a term applied in America (originally on the island of Hispaniola) to everything that having been domestic or civilized returned to the wild or wild state, by referring in this case to their refuge in the heights (Indeed in the mountains and valleys hidden) Sierras, with which cimarrón would be "he who lives on the peaks or hides in them".

The original specimens of the wild dog descended from the dogs introduced by the Spanish and Portuguese conquerors..
The natural crosses that were taking place in the wild is that it evolved in the course of two centuries a native variety perfectly adapted to the environment of the Uruguayan Plains.

«Tell your master that when I lack men to fight his henchmen, I have to fight them with Maroon dogs»: José Gervasio Artigas to the Gral. Carlos Federico Lecor.

The dog breed called Cimarrón dog or Criollo cimarrón is the only breed developed entirely in Uruguayan territory.

Non-domestic dogs in the world, Whether original species or breeds produced by the feralization of domestic breeds that returned to the natural environment and managed to readapt to it, they show a physical development that is totally different from this one., so it is highly arguable that this breed produced in the Uruguay as a supposed model maroons dogs mentioned in ancient chronicles and documents reflect the natural demeanor of those. All wild dogs of the world, Because of what is known as "convergence" at an evolutionary level, they have long legs, erect ears, slender body, exceptions that occur in extreme climates (enormous ears of certain dogs of African deserts or small ears of Arctic foxes).

There are detailed chronicles of attacks by packs of these dogs on caravans and people, that led to the authorities of the time (end of the 18th century) they already have and encourage major massacres, reaching count by tens of thousands dead dogs.

Each dead animal was paid by the authorities of the time, requiring proof of death presented the jaw or the pair of ears of the animal. From this practice would derive the characteristic ear cut that is performed on many newborn pups., in the shape of a "cougar ear".

Despite these massacres, «…a good number of mothers with their offspring conquered the mountains of Olimar and especially in the Sierra de Otazo and in the Cerros Largos», in what is now known as departments of Cerro Largo and Treinta y Tres, where many ranchers and landowners in this place, they took advantage of the virtues of this breed for working with cattle and defense of his property, beginning to raise it, preserving the mixing.

Modern traces of the breed begin to become more public in the early 1990s. 1980, When numerous breeders of Montevideo, attracted by the remarkable characteristics some specimens, they begin to develop their parenting and standardization.

It is in 1989 When this work begins to pay its fruits, to being the Cimarrón Uruguayo officially recognized by the Association of the Rural Uruguay (A.R.U.) and the Kennel Club Uruguayo (K.C.U.), 20 years after the first exposure of a specimen of the breed in the K.C.U.
Thus, the Association of Uruguayan Cimarrones Breeders was created and together with the K.C.U.. It prepares the official roll of the race, selecting the base dogs of the same and registering their pups, being tattooed for the first time with this registration number.

Today the character attributes of this breed called Cimarrón They make it increasingly popular in Uruguay and region, being employed as a companion dog, Guard and hunting, especially the wild boar.

Physical characteristics

The Cimarrón Bulldog is a dog of medium size type, balanced, strong, compact, with good osatura, muscular, shrewd and great courage. The size and weight of the males is of 58 to 61 cm. of height and 38 to 45 weight kg. And of 55 to 58 cm. of height and 33 to 40 weight kg, in females.

Character and skills

It is excellent to work with cattle dog, hunting and guard. Predominant livestock activity of these lands and the consequent abundance of food without great competition with other natural predators, the bighorn reproduced in large numbers becoming – according to historical documents – in a true plague and scourge for the inhabitants of the countryside and the livestock.

This race since its standardization has attracted a growing interest both within the Uruguay border, having copies of this dog in various countries of America, from United States to Argentina, counting this last country with several breeders of Cimarrón Uruguayo.
Another of the steps achieved for the genetic improvement of the breed called Cimarrón Uruguayo is the signing of an agreement between the University of the Oriental Republic of Uruguay, through its Faculty of veterinary medicine with the Maroons breeders society for the study of the zootechnical status and consanguinity of the exemplary enrolled in their rolls.

This long process of standardization was crowned the 21 in February of 2006 When the International Bureau of the Federation Cynologique Internationale (FCI) gives international recognition to the Uruguayan Cimarron.

The breed standard states that the dog must have great courage. Like all large dogs, Cimarron Uruguayo should be well socialized when very young if you want to be kept as a companion. It is a very friendly dog ​​with children and other animals.

Cimarron Uruguayo is sometimes used for surveillance, hunting and all dog sports in his native Uruguay. Being a very intelligent dog has been used for all kinds of jobs, as rescue or grazing.

A dog is fairly quiet and stable, rarely bark unless the threat is real.

The primitive Cimarrón dog, by its roots in the Uruguayan territory, It has been from the very beginning of the national identity of this town a symbol of the independence struggle, faithfully reflected in the letter sent by General José Gervasio Artigas in response to General Carlos Federico Lecor, Count of la Laguna and Governor of the Provincia Cisplatina (current Uruguay) in which Artigas expressed that if it was left without soldiers to fight, I would do it with the Cimarron dog.

It is because of this tradition that this breed is currently a symbol and mascot of the National Army of Uruguay., having a preferential place in the annual military parades of the 18 July. On this occasion, a soldier of the battalion of Blandengues (the company that Artigas himself knew how to lead at the time) He rides leading the parade carried a Moorish Steed without along rider which is a sheep dog by the flange.

Images "Cimarrón uruguayo"

credits:

1. Cimarron Uruguayo – Kennel La Bonfire by Leonardo Botião Fonseca / CC BY-SA
2. Cimarron Uruguayo by brindle / CC BY-SA
3. The Finnish Winner Show, Helsinki, 2015. By Thomas / CC BY-SA
4. Nbistolfi / CC BY-SA

Videos "Cimarrón uruguayo"

Type and recognitions:

  • FCI CLASSIFICATION:
  • Group :
  • Section : . .

Federations:

FCI , UKC

FCI breed standard Cimarrón uruguayo

FCIFCI - Cimarrón uruguayo
Cimarrón

Alternative names:

1. Cimarron, Uruguayan Cimarron, Cimarron Creole, Maroon Dog, Cerro Largo Dog, Perro Cimarron, Cimarron Dog (English).
2. Cimarrón uruguayo (French).
3. Cimarrón Uruguayo (German).
4. Cimarron uruguaio (Portuguese).
5. Perro Gaucho, Perro criollo, Cimarrón (español).

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Castro Laboreiro Dog
Portugal FCI 170 - Molossoid . Mountain

Perro de Castro Laboreiro

The Castro Laboreiro Dog It is an excellent guard dog and companion

Content

History

The Castro Laboreiro Dog (Cão de Castro Laboreiro) It is a breed of Portuguese dog of large size. Originating in the parish of Castro Laboreiro, Melgaço, is a dog type Lupoid amastinado is lighter than other breeds of cattle dogs.

The Castro Laboreiro Dog it has its origin in the region that gave it its name, the people of Castro Laboreiro, in the municipality of Melgaço. It is a rugged mountainous region that stretches from the Miño river to the Peneda and Soajo mountains between the Trancoso rivers, Laboreiro and moro, until around 1400 m above sea level.

Like the dog, Castro Laboreiro is one of the oldest regions of the land of Portugal. The prehistoric remains such as dolmens and rock paintings, They demonstrate the presence of man in the region for thousands of years. The strengths are evidence of the strong presence of Celtic culture in the region. Also the Celts and the Romans came here, the roman roads and the construction of bridges with their landmarks. The castrejas communities have always lived of hunting, fishing, grazing and agriculture.

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Caucasian Shepherd Dog
Rusia FCI 328 Molossoid . Mountain

The Caucasian Shepherd Dog It is a healthy animal and stable temperament.

Pastor del Cáucaso

Content

Characteristics "Caucasian Shepherd Dog"

Coexistence is important that you have with your new friend. Before considering the acquisition of a dog of the breed "Caucasian Shepherd Dog" you know certain factors. Not all breeds of dogs are apt to live in an apartment, you must take into account his character, their need for exercise, their interaction with other pets, their care and if you have small children, their level of tolerance towards them.

Adaptation ⓘ

4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

friendly dog ​​ⓘ

2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

hair loss ⓘ

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Affection level ⓘ

4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Need for exercise ⓘ

2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Social need ⓘ

2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Home ⓘ

2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Toilet ⓘ

2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Friendly with strangers ⓘ

2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

barking ⓘ

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Health ⓘ

2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Territorial ⓘ

5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Cat friendly ⓘ

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Intelligence ⓘ

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Versatility ⓘ

2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Child friendly ⓘ

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Surveillance ⓘ

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

joy ⓘ

5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

History «Shepherd of the Caucasus»

One Caucasian Shepherd Dog it is a large and very strong sheepdog that is very widespread in Russia. In the official standard it is called Kavkazskaya ovčarka. The Caucasian Shepherd Dog they spread over a huge area, which includes the territory of Russia as well as the former Soviet Union. Only in the polar areas you can hardly see. In his homeland., theCaucasian Shepherd Dog are, therefore, quite different in detail and different types have been developed. In the steppe areas this breed is lighter and taller, in mountainous regions heavier and more compact. But in type and character it is the same everywhere. This is the result of your work task, which was and is the only criterion for breeding there for many centuries. At the end, the same requirements resulted in the same dogs. Their tasks are to herd and protect the herds, monitor and protect property and its people. They are archaic dogs, they probably came into existence in this form with the introduction of animal husbandry in the first place, and that was a few 10.000 years.

You can't fool a Caucasian Shepherd Dog. Has a clear understanding of their role. Typically, lies down in a high place next to his flock, to be able to observe everything around him. Her flock, their shepherds, his family and his properties are sacred to him. He is faithful and lovingly devoted to them. He is suspicious of everything else and does not hesitate to attack any sign that he interprets as hostile. It is extremely defensive and fearlessly opposes even wolves and bears. In this way it has protected the herds of cattle and the lonely properties of the shepherds, farmers, hostels, artisans and merchants from time immemorial. This extremely useful feature, even necessary for the functioning of such a society in the vast and lonely country, does not fit into today's tight and hectic society. There is hardly a piece of land large enough to provide the dog with Caucasian Shepherd Dog a workspace. He is used to other scales of the vastness of Russia.

It also, the zeitgeist in today's world demonizes all forms of aggression emanating from a dog. While it only takes one or two generations, larger property owners were proud that their dog was reliable and, in case of emergency, acute, I would fearlessly chase away a thief, such a feature is potentially life-threatening for today's dog. It runs the risk of being classified as a "dangerous dog" and in extreme cases, euthanasia. This is not an environment for a Caucasian Shepherd Dog. And so you can find it almost everywhere on the lists of supposedly dangerous dogs. It is an archetype of dog to which man owes a lot in his development. As a dog breed it has been described for a long time and in the oldest specialized books on dogs. But, in modern pedigree dog breeding, it was only officially recognized by the FCI in August 1984.

Physical characteristics «Caucasian Shepherd»

The Caucasian Shepherd Dog is a dog of harmonious structure, big and strong with plenty of bone and a powerful muscular system and a somewhat rectangular format. Well pronounced sexual dimorphism.
Males are masculine with a well-developed cross and a larger head compared to that of females. This is why they are more massive, bigger and sometimes their body is shorter than that of the females.
In dogs with a longer coat variety, the male has a distinguished mane.

Size and weight:

Height to the cross:

  • Males: Desired height 72 – 75 cm.. Minimum 68 cm..
  • females: Desired height 67 – 70 cm.. Minimum 64 cm..

Higher heights are accepted as long as the conformation is harmonic.

Weight:

  • Males: Minimum 50 Kg
  • females: Minimum 45 Kg.

Character and skills «Caucasian Shepherd»

The Caucasian Shepherd Dog is a guardian and protector. The official standard classifies your character qualities unequivocally: "It must be strong, balanced and calm with a well-developed defensive reaction, which is actively expressed. Sharpness and distrust of strangers are typical.". And Caucasian Shepherd Dog is generally incompatible with other dogs! These traits, especially with a big and very strong dog that claims a large territory, are hardly compatible with the social conditions of today's world. It is a great experience to be able to form a close bond with a dog like this.. This also allows you to experience a completely different side of the dog than Caucasian Shepherd Dog, that of an extremely loving friend, loyal and affectionate. But, if one does not have the space and financial means to offer them in our latitudes an environment appropriate to their nature, this will hardly be possible.

Fitness

The Caucasian Shepherd Dog he is extremely undemanding in his attitude, if the general conditions already mentioned are ignored. One Caucasian Shepherd Dog does not need heating, toys or a harness on a leash. This breed is undemanding in its nutrition. That also applies to your accommodation.. You can spend the whole year outside without problems, if you want to spend the whole year abroad – as long as there is a suitable place to hide and "adequate" here definitely means neither a kennel nor even a chain.. Must be able to move in your territory. One Caucasian Shepherd Dog you accept, it even sensitively protects all the two- and four-legged friends it sees as belonging to its pack or family. But you need a clear boss. At first he is suspicious or even hostile towards everyone else.

Close relationship and competent guidance is required to walk on this dog's leash., which is definitely always stronger, and then be able to seamlessly move on to an aggressively barking terrier. it's possible, but it requires serious upbringing, a good socialization and an experienced teacher or lover, competent and very sensitive and at the same time thorough. The Caucasian Shepherd Dog is widely on the dangerous dog lists. It is forbidden to travel to the Netherlands or Denmark, since there is a risk that the dog will be confiscated on the streets and euthanized. One Caucasian Shepherd Dog not much of a beginner dog. That would even be irresponsible. Even from the hand of an experienced connoisseur, it requires in any case the basic external conditions for an attitude appropriate to its nature.

Education «Caucasian Shepherd»

Raising a Caucasian Shepherd Dog in today's social conditions it is a very special challenge, only proven experts can master with the right framework conditions.

Care and health «Caucasian Shepherd»

The Caucasian Shepherd Dog it has a double layer composed of a bottom layer and a top layer. The inner layer is soft and fine, while the outer coat hairs are long and thick. (The coat of a Caucasian Shepherd Dog It should never feel smooth or appear wavy.) Regarding the length, the coat can be long, medium or short. Dogs with long fur have a mane that surrounds their necks, as well as extensive plumage on the hind legs and tail, that looks thick and fluffy. Dogs with medium length fur do not have as much mane, and they have fewer feathers on the rest of the body. A short coat, the least common type, has no mane or fringe. Twice a year, when you change your coat, you have to brush it well.

Dogs of this breed enjoy very robust health.

Nutrition / Food

The Caucasian Shepherd Dog does not demand anything from your diet. Probably one of the dogs with less demands in this regard.

The life expectancy of the “Caucasian Shepherd”

In relation to its size, a Caucasian Shepherd Dog has a very high life expectancy of 12 and sometimes more years.

Buy a “Caucasian Shepherd”

The purchase of a Caucasian Shepherd Dog it should only be considered by experts who know exactly what they do, who have the appropriate experience and who have the appropriate rearing conditions. The puppies of this breed of dog cost around 1.000 EUR.

Images «Caucasian Shepherd»

«Caucasian Shepherd» Videos

Type and recognitions:

  • FCI CLASSIFICATION:
  • Group :
  • Section : . .

Federations:

  • FCI – Pinscher and Schnauzer-Molossoid type dogs – Swiss Mountain Dogs and Cattledogs. Section 2.2 Molossoid, mountain type.
  • AKC – FSS (Foundation Stock Service)
  • UKC – Watchdog

FCI breed standard "Caucasian Shepherd Dog"

Origin:
Russia, Armenia, Georgia, Azerbaijan

Date of publication of the valid original standard:
13.10.2010

Use:

Guard and surveillance dog.



General appearance:

The “Caucasian Shepherd” Dog is a dog with a harmonious structure, big and strong with plenty of bone and a powerful muscular system and a somewhat rectangular format. Well pronounced sexual dimorphism. Males are masculine with a well-developed cross and a larger head compared to that of females. This is why they are more massive, bigger and sometimes their body is shorter than that of the females.

In dogs with a longer coat variety, the male has a distinguished mane.



Behavior / temperament:

The behavior is firm, Active, self-confident, courageously and independently. The “Caucasian Shepherd” Dog shows affection and devotion towards its master, he is an excellent guard dog.

PROPIMPORTANT ORTIONS:

  • Body length exceeds height at withers 3 – 8%.
  • The length of the forelimbs averages the 50 – 52% the height at the withers.
  • The length of the skull and the length of the muzzle is 3:2

Head:

---

Cranial region:

The head is big, solid and broad in the cheekbones. View from the top, the head is wedge-shaped with a wide base.

  • Craging: Solid and wide, rather flat antecara with a marked but not deep fold. Superciliary arches developed but not protruding. Barely visible occipital bone.
  • Dnaso-frontal depression (Stop): Noticeable but not clearly marked.

facial region:

  • Trufa: black, large with wide open nostrils without protruding from the outer lines of the snout. A black truffle in solid colors, spotted and peeping is desirable but not mandatory (but genetic blue or liver brown truffles are not allowed)
  • Horcico: Wide and deep tapering gradually towards the nose with strong jaws and chin. Great depth and well-filled under the eyes. The nasal bridge is wide. The upper line of the snout and skull run parallel.
  • Labios: Thick, tight and well pigmented.
  • Jaws / Teeth: Teeth must be healthy, white and strong; incisors together with each other in a line. Complete bite in scissors or forceps (42 teeth). Incisors or injured canines, broken or broken that do not affect the bite are not significant or the absence of PM1.
  • Cheeks: Well developed and highlighted by good chewing muscles.
  • Ojors: Moderate size, Oval shaped, not too deep, placed separate and oblique. Color is in different shades of brown, from dark to hazelnut. Black eyelids, dry, tight. Serious expression, attentive and inquisitive.
  • Obars: Moderate size, thick, Triangular shape, naturally hang, placed high and separate. Traditionally amputated in their country of origin. Natural ears are of equal value.

Neck:

Long Middle, strong, low insertion, transversely rounded. Crest pronounced especially in males.

Body:

Very well developed in all its dimensions, width, good musculature and well balanced.

  • Cruz: Well pronounced, moderately long. Height at withers slightly exceeds height at rump.
  • Dorrso: Straight, width, firm.
  • Itmor: Short, width, slightly arched.
  • Glikeness: Moderately long, wide, rounded, slightly inclined towards the base of the tail.
  • Pecho: Long, width, good ribs, in general deep as well as in its anterior part. Transversally has a broad oval shape. Well arched ribs, false long rib. Antepecho marked.
  • Línlower ea and belly: Abdomen moderately retracted posteriorly.

Tail:

High insertion, curved sickle or curled. At rest it hangs up to the height of the hock; when the dog is alert the tail can be carried over the top line.

Tips

PREVIOUS MEMBERS:

  • ApGeneral arience: Good musculature. Seen from the front, straight and parallel members placed slightly apart.
  • Hormbros: Strong musculature. Moderately long, widths,
  • inclined to form an angle of approximately 100 degrees with the forearm. The scapula well next to the chest.
  • Antarm: Strong and muscular, well together.
  • Elbows: Set well back, parallel to the axis, without turning inward or outward.
  • Brazo: Straight, solid, moderately long, good musculature, transversely round.
  • Metacarpus: Short, solid, always straight viewed from the front and sides.
  • Pinis previous: Large, Round shape, well arched, well closed.

LATER MEMBERS:

  • ApGeneral arience: Seen from behind, rights, parallel and moderately spaced. Knees and hocks well enough angled when viewed from the side. The back should not be placed too far back.
  • Thigh: Width, good musculature, moderately long.
  • Rodinllto: Well angled enough.
  • PinScheme: Wide, good musculature, moderately long.
  • Hock joint: Ancha and inclined, well angled enough, firm, without leaning neither in nor out.
  • Metatarsus: Not too long, solid, always straight seen from the front or side.
  • Pinis later: Large, Round shape, well arched, well closed.

Movement:

Libre, elastic, without rushing with good thrust from the rear. Good stability in all joints and good coordination. Trotting tends to be the typical movement. The withers are at the same level as the rump and the dorsal line is relatively stable.

Mantle

PIEL: Thick, sufficiently elastic without creases or wrinkles.

  • Plink: straight, rough, separated with a well developed undercoat. The length of the outer coat as well as the undercoat should not be less than 5 cm.. The hair of the head and forelimbs is shorter and thicker. The tail is completely covered with bushy hair giving the appearance of thick and very hairy. The long outer hair forms “brushes” over the ears, a “mane” around the neck and “pants” on the back of the thigh.
  • Colorr: Any solid color, piebald or spotted. Except for solid blacks; dilute black or black in any combination or genetic blue or liver brown.


Size and weight:

Alturto the cross:

  • Males: Desired height 72 – 75 cm.. Minimum 68 cm..
  • females: Desired height 67 – 70 cm.. Minimum 64 cm..

Higher heights are accepted as long as the conformation is harmonic.

Weight:

  • Males: Minimum 50 Kg
  • females: Minimum 45 Kg.


Fouls:

Any deviation from the aforementioned criteria is considered as a fault and the severity of this is considered to the degree of the deviation to the standard and its consequences on the health and well-being of the dog..

FALTAS GRAVES:

  • Structure too light or too rough.
  • Diffidence.
  • Deviations of sexual dimorphism.
  • Small head in proportion to the body, light, close, long, Tosca, brick or apple shaped head.
  • Abrupt stop.
  • Snout: sunken, concave or pointed.
  • Too small teeth, very separate, incisors not placed in a line, any deviation from the dental formula (except the absence of PM1)
  • Cheek bones not marked enough.
  • Big eyes, protruding, very clear, showing the third eyelid, drooping eyelids.
  • big ears, fine or very low insertion.
  • Steep or sunken top line, long, sunken or arched back, rump higher than the cross.
  • Square body, very rough, very long, narrow both front and back, extremities too long, very short chest, flat or sunken, short or steep rump.
  • Stump tail.
  • Bones, weak muscles and ligaments.
  • Absence of the correct angulations.
  • Forelimbs curved
  • Unbalanced movement.
  • Lack of thrust from the rear.
  • Too soft hair, curly, very short outer hair and no undercoat.

FALTAS DISQUALIFYING:

  • Aggressiveness or extreme shyness.
  • Any dog ​​showing clear signs of physical or behavioral abnormalities must be disqualified..
  • Any deviation from the required bite.
  • Incomplete dental formula (absence of any teeth except third molars (M3) or first premolars
  • Entropion
  • Eyes gazeos, dark blue, green shading or different colored eyes.
  • amputated tail.
  • Constant hobbling or inability to achieve movement.
  • Black color in any variation, solid, diluted, cheep, spotted the like robe (except the mask).
  • Genetic blue in any variation or shade.
  • Truffle, bluish-gray pigmented lips and eyelids.
  • Genetic brown in all variations or shades.
  • Truffle, genetic brown lips and eyelids.
  • Fire colored markings on black dogs, blue or brown.
  • Height below minimum.
  • Severe deviations of sexual dimorphism in males.


N.B.:
  • Males should have two normal-appearing testicles fully descended into the scrotum..
  • Only functionally and clinically healthy dogs, with the typical conformation of the breed, should be used for parenting.

Itlatest changes are in bold.

TRANSLATION: Brígida Nestler / Original version: (IN)

Technical supervision: Miguel Angel Martinez.

Source: F.C.I - International Cynological Federation

Alternative names:

1. Nagazi, Caucasian Mountain Dog, Caucasian Ovcharka (English).
2. kavkazskaïa ovtcharka (French).
3. Kaukasischer Owtscharka, Kawkasskaja Owtscharka (German).
4. mastim-do-cáucaso, Pastor-caucasiano, Ovcharka caucasiano, Mastim do cáucaso, Cão montanhês caucasiano, Cão-urso-russo (Portuguese).
5. Pastor caucásico, Mastín del Cáucaso, Perro de montaña del Cáucaso, Perro Pastor caucásico (español).

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Estrela Mountain Dog
Portugal FCI 173 - Molossoid . Mountain

Estrela Mountain Dog

The Estrela Mountain Dog is a big dog, rough lines and powerful appearance

Content

History

The Dog of the Sierra de la Estrela (Cão da Serra da Estrela) It is a breed of dog native of Portugal, in the mountainous region that bears the same name. It has all the qualities required in this wild region, is intelligent, loyal and brave.

There are those who hold the theory that they were introduced to Portugal by the Visigoths and slowly to various parts of Europe.. The Estrela Mountain Dog was used mainly- in mountainous areas to accompany shepherds and flocks on their annual migrations, defending the wolves and thieves.

It is believed that the two varieties of existing hair: short hair and Longhair, they are due to regional variations. Contrary to what might be expected, the warmest region, the region of Manteigas, is where you could find the long-haired dogs, While short hair varieties were most frequent in the North, in Gouveia e Seia. Crosses between these two varieties were frequent.

In 1934 the standard of the breed was drafted, which was established according to its two varieties of layer. From this point, the cross between two varieties became undesirable. The publication of the rule in 1966 and the recognition of the breed by the FCI, have not brought more popularity to the breed. Over the years 60 and 70, the Portuguese emigrated looking for escape from the regime of poverty. The population of dogs Serra da Estrela declined drastically in that period, but the dedication of some breeders allowed the continuity of the breed.

Today, the Estrela Mountain Dog is highly requested, especially the variety of long hair. While the variety of short hair was more numerous at the beginning of the last century, is the variety of long hair that stands out, especially for being more eye-catching, stylish, with a larger. This made the breeders will focus primarily on the variety of long hair. Today the short-haired variety is particularly vulnerable and rare..

Physical characteristics

The Estrela Mountain Dog is a big dog, rough lines and powerful appearance. The head is huge, rounded and with a stunning skull. It has oval eyes, very expressive, Smart and serene.
The ears they are small and pendants, covered with a soft skin.

mastiff-type molosoid, the Estrela Mountain Dog has a broad chest and a slightly drooping rump. The members are strong and muscular. The tail is long, thick and slightly droopy.

There are two varieties of Estrela Mountain Dog: long hair and short hair. The hair is strong, thick, but not too rough. In some regions it is longer than others, especially in the queue, around the neck and back.

Only allowed the tawny colors, Lupine and yellow, monochrome or marbled.

Observations

Estrela Mountain Dog is a healthy dog, due to the strong natural selection which was exposed. But, There are some diseases of large animals with a higher incidence in this breed. The Dysplasia is one of them, especially that of hip. Due to this trend, owners must use quality diets, not exercise too your dog when he is young, avoid the steep stairs, breaks and slippery floors.

The variety of long hair they require more maintenance: brushed daily to untangle hair.
The variety of short hair only needs weekly brushings. Bathing should only be administered, only, When cannot be avoided,Since the protective greasiness of the skin can be damaged by cleaning products.

Character and skills

The Estrela Mountain Dog has always been kept with the sheep, While pastor was away from his flock the dog developed an independent organization and this led to his character of excellent guard dog.

It is also used for self defense and as a dog shot.

The Estrela Mountain Dog, due to its isolation and difficult access, It has become the home of this breed of dog. His hard hair helps you survive the harsh winters of the region. Each race has its specific character developed throughout its existence, of their own history.

This more or less independent nature makes this breed adapts well to modern times, where instead of caring won, waits for their owners to return from work at the end of the day. They have a lot of patience.

The beauty of this dog, his intelligence and strength, are the characteristics that allow him to be in addition to an excellent guard, a good family dog and very tolerant with children.

Habitat Estrela Mountain Dog

The Estrela Mountain Dog it's a big dog with a big boost. So, an apartment in the city is not ideal for him. Fluctuations of time and temperature do not bother him much, so you prefer to spend the day outdoors. So, the ideal is a house with a large patio or garden where you can move freely. It also, does not want to do without his long walks. For many other canine sports, requiring reliable obedience, is however hardly suitable due to its obstinacy.

Nutrition Estrela Mountain Dog

The Estrela Mountain Dog requires a correspondingly large serving of food, which should also be considered when buying it. Proper dog feeding helps keep it healthy for a long time. Whether one wants to use dry or wet food is a matter of personal preference.. In particular, nutrition during growth, especially in large dogs, sets the course for later life.

While puppies and adult dogs need enough energy, young dogs need an adapted diet, protein rich, to ensure that your muscles and skeleton grow evenly. If the young dog grows too fast on food that is too high in energy, there is a risk of permanent joint problems and malpositions. It also, It should be noted that all large breeds of dogs are at risk of stomach upset if the daily ration is administered at one time.. So, it is better and healthier to divide the food into at least two servings in the morning and at night and then give the animal a break for digestion.

Education and care

Due to the close connection of the Estrela Mountain Dog with humans and their good understanding, good conditions are created for purposeful education. But, the race's own head should not be underestimated. The Hound of the Sierra de la Estrela dog stubbornly reacts to too much hardness in training and the orders he considers meaningless. Therefore, the right key to a successful workout is patience, empathy and a consistent hand. During training special attention should be paid to the tendency to dominate, especially in males.

Although this is rarely directed against humans, but mainly against other big dogs, can disturb harmonious interaction and, above all, The walking. Ideally, great importance should be given to socialization already in the breeder. You should also practice meeting other dogs as soon as possible after your dog has moved in.. You can learn that other dogs are an enrichment and not a danger and that dominant behavior is not tolerated. In a good dog school you will receive many tips when in doubt, which will facilitate the management of your Dog from the Sierra de la Estrela.

A lot brushed in the change of coat

The Estrela Mountain Dog has a dense coat with a lot of undercoat, that adapts to weather conditions. The change of coat is therefore strong in this breed. To facilitate this process for the animal and reduce the amount of dog hair at home, should be brushed sufficiently and correctly, especially during the period. Ideal for this purpose are the special brushes, they can comb the bottom layer. Outside the change of coat phase, brush once a week.. The rest of the preparation is limited to a minimum. Especially if the dog is outside and a lot in the meadows and forests, should be checked regularly for parasites. If required, claws must be shortened with claw pliers.

Typical health and illnesses

The Estrela Mountain Dog it is a very robust animal that does not have to fight with the typical diseases of the breed. But, being a very large breed, you may suffer from dysplasia of the hip joint. Breeders recognized by the FCI only use parents that are not affected by this disease for breeding purposes., which also greatly reduces the risk to offspring.

Estrela Mountain Dog life expectancy

As a healthy race, the Estrela Mountain Dog reaches an age of 10 to 12 years without difficulty and generally without many visits to the vet. Proper nutrition and parenting are the prerequisites for a long and healthy life.

Photos Estrela Mountain Dog

Videos Estrela Mountain Dog

Type and recognitions:

  • FCI CLASSIFICATION:
  • Group :
  • Section : . .

Federations:

FCI , AKC , ANKC , ​KC , NZKC , UKC – The AKC does not have its own standard and instead is linked to the FCI

FCI breed standard "Estrela Mountain Dog"

Origin:
Portugal

Date of publication of the valid original standard:
04.11.2008

Use:

Herd guard dog, surveillance and companion dog also used in shooting work.



General appearance:

The Sierra de la Estrela Dog is a mastiff type. There are two varieties of hair: long and short. Rustic, of much substance with a strong movement and stunning attitudes.

The breed has a cheerful look, calm and expressive. Well proportioned, morphologically perfect, compact and rustic; The harmony of the whole is remarkable and demonstrates an ethnic purity of ancient races of the past.

IMPORTANT PROPORTIONS :

Medium long (long sub) tending to the middle line. Depth of chest is less than half of its height at the withers. The muzzle and the skull should be approximately the same length, If that is not the case, the skull should be slightly longer.



Behavior / temperament:

Inseparable companion of the pastor and faithful guardian of the herd protect against predators and thieves. Excellent dog guard farms and households, distrustful of strangers and typically docile towards its master.

Head:

Strong, voluminous. It is elongated and slightly convex profile view. Well positioned and provided to the body, the same as the relationship that keep the skull and facial, accentuate the harmony of the whole. Smooth skin over the skull and cheeks.

Cranial region:
  • Skull: Well developed, rounded skull facial longitudinal top spindles slightly divergent. Convex profile, superciliary arches slightly developed with a slightly apparent frontal fold. No prominent occipital protrusion.
  • Depression links (Stop) : Slightly pronounced, located at a more or less equal distance between the end of the nose and the occipital Protuberance.

facial region:

  • Truffle: Straight and aligned with the nasal bridge, well open Windows, big and black.
  • Snout: Elongate, slimming progressively towards the tip of the nose, but do not be sharpened. Almost straight nose cane, Although slightly hooked at the end.
  • Lips: Well developed but not thick, well bonded without tilting.  The mucous membranes of the mouth and palate, as well as the very pigmented black edge of the lips.
  • Jaws / Teeth: Well-defined mouth with well-developed jaws, full dentition with strong teeth, White and well implemented and good occlusion. Preferably bite in scissors, accepting bite on clamp.

Eyes: Horizontal, oval-shaped, at the level of the head; are medium-sized, aimed at small, symmetrical and wide open, with a calm and alert expression; Dark amber in colour preference. The eyelids are well bonded and pigmented black edges. A little marked eyebrows.

Ears: Small relative to the rest of the skull, form triangular, thin, rounded at their lower edge, pendants; inserted at a medium height, is tilted back slightly and hang to the sides of the head near the cheeks, revealing a part of your inner side in the base (called Pink ear).

Neck:

Straight, short and thick, correctly inserted on the shoulders and with a slight dewlap but not exaggerated.

Body:

  • top line: Straight. Level.
  • Back: Short preferably, well muscled.
  • Pork loin: Lumbar region wide, short, muscular and properly inserted to the rump.
  • Rump: Slightly inclined, short, broad and muscled. The height at the Croup should be equal to or slightly greater than the height at the withers.
  • Breast : Rounded, without being cylindrical, broad, long and well descended.
  • bottom line: The bottom line should gradually and gently rise from the sternum to the groin, not too wide belly, in proportion to the substance of the animal and harmoniously connected with the body.

Tail:

Robust, long, whose tip reaches the tibio-tarsal joint when the dog is standing or at rest. It is thick in the shape of a « scimitar », inserted at a medium height, well covered with stripes on the variety of long hair and hair ; is a hook at the end. The tail is carried below the horizontal line and falls naturally between the thighs when the dog is at rest. ; When stimulated or in action, it is carried higher than the horizontal line, forming an upward curvature., Go ahead, to the sides or down.

Tips

PREVIOUS MEMBERS: Plumb, with bones and joints strong, fairly open with unrestricted movement angles.

  • Forearm:  Straight, parallel, long, with strong bone and always cylindrical in shape.
  • Previous foot: Provided, never too round or too long, I in between a Jack's foot and a foot of Hare (not open), thick, fingers tightened with abundant hair between fingers, dark nails, preferably black, well developed, pads thick and hard.

LATER MEMBERS : Plumb, with bones and joints strong, fairly open with unrestricted movement angles.

  • Hock: Somewhat low, average opening, never leaning in or out.
  • Metatarsus: Vertical, always cylindrical in shape. Possible presence of single or double spur.
  • Rear foot: Identical to the previous foot.

Movement:

Normal and light.

Mantle

HAIR: Fur: Strong, very abundant, slightly thick, without excessive hardness with texture similar to the goat hair. The subhair is composed of a thin hair, short, abundant and matted. Usually lighter than outer hair color.

  • Long hair variety: Exterior smooth or slightly wavy hair, I uneven and some areas. In the Member, Below the elbows and legs it is shorter and thicker, as well as above the head., ears is gradually shorter from base to tip, being more thin and more soft. It is longest on the queue, where is well thick, thick and long hair. Around the neck and throat and on the thighs abundant long hair as well as on the sides of the forearm.
  • Variety short hair: Short hair, evenly distributed over the body, somewhat shorter on the head and members without having hair longer.

COLOR

The following colors are accepted and considered typical:

  •  Solid: yellow, Fawn and grey in all ranges of intensity of color;
  •  Wolf Gray: leonado, yellow and grey tones, usually with shaders more light and dark.
  • Striped: leonado, yellow or gray as a base with a black Brindle color.

In the craniofacial area a dark mask is typical.

White spots are allowed only on the limbs or feet before and after and a very small extension on the lower region of the neck and chest.



Size and weight:

  • Males : 65 to 73 cm..
  • females : 62 to 69 cm..

Tolerance + 2 cm..

WEIGHT :

  • Males: 45 – 60 Kg.
  • females: 35 – 45 Kg.


Fouls:

Any deviation from the aforementioned criteria is considered as a fault and the severity of this is considered to the degree of the deviation to the standard and its consequences on the health and well-being of the dog..

  • Appearance: Poor overall appearance, thinness or obesity.
  • Height: Outside the limits of the standard but with a tolerance of 2 cm.. of the upper limit.
  • Very narrow head, long and pointed.
  • Eyes: color clear.
  • Ears: incorrectly inserted, very long fleshy or round. Hanging completely flat.
  • Tail: Port on the back. Absence of hook.
  • Color: Absence of dark mask.

 SEVERE FAULTS

  • Behavior: Animals that show signs of shyness or nervousness.
  • Tail: Amputated or rudimentary.
  • Truffle: Pale nostrils, Truffle partially nonpigmented.
  • Ears: Amputee.
  • Fur: Other than described above.
  • Height:
  • Males :  Below the 65 cm.. or above 75 cm..
  • females: Below the 62 cm.. or above 71 cm..

MISS PLAYOFFS

  • Behavior:  Aggressive or too shy.
  • Typicity: Atypical.
  • Head: Too narrow, very long and very sharp, total absence of molosser type.
  • Jaws: Prognathism or enognatismo.
  • Eyes: Eyes of different colour or different size.
  • Tail: Anurismo.
  • Fur: Completely different hair than typical.
  • Color:  Any other color not mentioned in the standard. albinism.

Any dog ​​showing clear signs of physical or behavioral abnormalities must be disqualified.



N.B.:

• Males must have two normal-appearing testicles fully descended into the scrotum..
• Only functionally and clinically healthy dogs, with the typical conformation of the breed, should be used for parenting.

Source: F.C.I - International Cynological Federation

Alternative names:

1. Portuguese Shepherd (English).
2. Chien de montagne portugais (French).
3. Serra da Estrela Berghund (German).
4. Perro de la sierra de la Estrela (Portuguese).
5. Perro de la Sierra de la Estrela (español).

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Kangal Shepherd Dog
Turquía FCI 331 - Molossoid . Mountain

Pastor de Anatolia

The Kangal Shepherd Dog is quiet, bold, independent, Intelligent, docile.

Content

History

The Kangal Shepherd Dog it is a large and very strong guard dog that is widespread in Turkey, especially in Anatolia. The Kangal Shepherd Dog It is officially called the Anatolian Shepherd Dog or in Turkish as Coban Köpegi.. The original name is Karabash. But, In the FCI these dogs are known as «Kangal Shepherd Dog«. Because it is the name of an influential noble family from the Turkish province of Shivas, who very early began to breed Karabash professionally.

Dogs called Karabash (Schwarzkopf) they were called now Kangal Shepherd Dog with the name of the family of breeders. El Karabash o Kangal Shepherd Dog is native to the mountainous regions of Turkey. There he guards and protects the flocks of sheep. Does this job completely independently, often separated from people for weeks, and you have to decide on your own authority how to behave with strangers. These large and extremely strong dogs can also defend their flock against bears and wolves. Guarding and protecting property and its people is also one of its tasks.

The frugality and robustness of the breed is legendary, that is maintained even on a poor diet, which often consists only of human agricultural waste. These are archaic animals, that probably arose with the introduction of livestock a few years ago 10.000 years. One Kangal Shepherd Dog can't be fooled, because he has a clear understanding of his role. Typically, he lies down in a high place next to or within his flock to be able to observe everything that is in the surroundings. Her flock, his pastors and his family are sacred to him. So, is faithful and lovingly devoted to them. Suspicion of strangers. So, does not hesitate to attack when interpreting hostile behavior. As a watchdog, has been protecting the herds of cattle and the solitary properties of herders, Anatolian farmers and landowners from time immemorial.

This extremely useful feature, even necessary for the functioning of a life in the wide and lonely country, does not fit into a tight and hectic society of today's Central Europe. There is hardly a piece of land large enough for Kangal Shepherd Dog work. It is used to different standards than in the desert mountains of Anatolia. It also, a watchful race like the Kangal Shepherd Dog is quickly condemned as dangerous and aggressive in today's world. While it only takes one or two generations, larger property owners took pride in their dog being dependable and sharp in an emergency, such a trait is not desirable for today's dog. This is why you can find it almost everywhere on the lists of supposedly dangerous dogs. – and unfortunately too often in animal shelters.

The Kangal Shepherd Dog is an archetype of dog, to which man owes a lot in his development. As a dog breed it has been known, described and even revered for a long time. But, in modern pedigree dog breeding, it was only recognized by the FCI in August 1989.

Physical characteristics

The Kangal Shepherd Dog, is a muscular breed, with a thick, powerful neck, wide head and robust body. His lips are tight in its snout and their ears with triangular and down.

The male measured between 72 – 78 cm. high and the female between 65 – 73 cm. and weigh between 44 and 60 kg.

The the mantle It can be several colors but the most common is "sesame", white cream and white with spots of color do not cover more than the 30% your body (type Piebald).

These colors they can be accompanied by a black mask on the face and/or ears. They have a double cloak of eyes hair that needs to be brushed once or twice a month during the warm season due to sweating.

They have a hair very hard on the neck to protect his throat. They seem heavier than you really are, due to his thick neck.

They are large costillares dogs but with small bellies.

Character and skills

The Kangal Shepherd Dog is an independent guardian and protector. The official standard describes his character qualities in this way.:

Balanced and bold, without aggressiveness, independent, very intelligent and leader. Proud and trustworthy. The Kangal Shepherd Dog is affectionate and loyal to his masters, but adult dogs are suspicious of strangers.

Towards other dogs, a Kangal Shepherd Dog is usually dominant and quite incompatible. These traits in a large dog breed, which is very strong and claims a large territory, are hardly compatible with life in today's Germany. It is a great experience to be able to form a close bond with a dog like this.. But, these animals can only develop their excellent qualities of character in their natural environment. Here this great sovereign dog is shown as a loving friend, faithful and affectionate. But, if you do not have the space and financial means to offer in our latitudes an environment appropriate to its nature, it is hardly possible to maintain the species Kangal Shepherd Dog appropriate.

Own Kangal Shepherd Dog is extremely undemanding. Does not need heating, no toys or harnesses on leashes. It is as frugal in its diet as almost no other animal. This also applies to your accommodation.. You can spend the whole year outside without problems, as long as you have a proper enclosure. Here "appropriate" does not mean either a kennel or a chain.. But, you need a very large area, which can become his kingdom. Here a robust enclosure with a solid steel fence of 2 m, because the Kangal Shepherd Dog wants to be able to move freely in its territory.

One Kangal Shepherd Dog you accept, even independently and self-confidently protects all two-legged and four-legged friends, what counts for your herd or family. So, especially needs a clear boss – absolutely! Towards all others, initially suspicious and even hostile. A close bond and an expert guide are required to walk this dog on a leash., which is always stronger when in doubt. Only in this way can the dog and the owner safely walk past an aggressively barking terrier.. it's possible, but it requires serious upbringing, a good socialization and an experienced owner, sensitive and at the same time without any insecurity.

The Kangal Shepherd Dog is increasingly on the lists of supposedly dangerous dogs and is not, from far, a dog for beginners. That would even be irresponsible. Even from the hand of an experienced connoisseur, external basic conditions are necessary for an attitude appropriate to the nature of the dog. In general, maintenance of this breed is quite difficult.

Care and health

The Kangal Shepherd Dog itself is absolutely easy to clean and undemanding. The coat should be brushed twice a year when the coat is changed.

The Kangal Shepherd Dog of serious upbringing enjoys a very robust health in all aspects.

Nutrition

The Kangal Shepherd Dog does not make any special demands on its nutrition. Probably one of the dogs with less demands in this regard.

Kangal Shepherd Dog's life expectancy

Because of its size, the Kangal Shepherd Dog has a very high life expectancy of 12 and sometimes more years.

For sale Kangal Shepherd Dog

You should only consider purchasing a Kangal Shepherd Dog if you are already an expert in dog breeding. Cubs Kangal Shepherd Dog cost around 1000 EUR.

“Kangal Shepherd” Images

Videos «Pastor Kangal»

Type and recognitions:

  • FCI CLASSIFICATION:
  • Group :
  • Section : . .

Federations:

  • FCI – Pinscher and Schnauzer-Molossoid type dogs – Swiss Mountain Dogs and Cattledogs. Section 2.2 Molossoid, mountain type.
  • ​KC – Sheepdogs
  • NZKC – Utility dog
  • UKC – Watchdog

FCI breed standard Kangal Shepherd Dog

FCIFCI - Kangal Shepherd Dog
Pastor

Alternative names:

1. Turkish Kangal, Anatolian Shepherd Dog, Kangal (Anatolian, Anadolu Kangalı, Karabaş, Karayaka) (English).
2. berger d’Anatolie (French).
3. Çoban Köpeği, Türkischer Hirtenhund (German).
4. Anatolian shepherd, Anatolian sheepdog (Portuguese).
5. Çoban Köpeği, Karabaş, Akbaş, Karabash (español).

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Bosnian and Herzegovinian - Croatian Shepherd Dog
Bosnia & Herzegovina CroaciaFCI 355 . Molossoid . Mountain

Pastor de Bosnia-Herzegovina y Croacia

The Bosnian and Herzegovinian - Croatian Shepherd Dog It is a very sensitive and quiet dog.

Content

History

The Bosnian and Herzegovinian - Croatian Shepherd Dog, also called Tornjak, it is an ancient breed of dog, and its exact origin is lost in the meanders of history. Most specialists agree that it is one of the descendants of the Tibetan Mastiff (Do-Khy), that arrived in Europe several thousand years ago.

Some accounts suggest that it already existed in the Dinaric Alps (in present-day Bosnia) at the time of the Roman Empire, almost ago 2000 years. But, the first descriptions of a dog corresponding to the Bosnian and Herzegovinian - Croatian Shepherd Dog can be found in documents of the Bosnian Catholic Church dating from 1067.

Three centuries later, in 1374, Petar Horvat, then bishop of Dakovo, Croatia, He also described a dog that resembled the Bosnian and Herzegovinian - Croatian Shepherd Dog in all aspects, size, color and function. At that time it was called Canis Montanis ("mountain dog") and I was already working with the shepherds, leading flocks of sheep in the mountain pastures and, above all, protecting them from the attacks of wolves.

The name Tornjak first appeared in 1752 in the writings of Father Petar Lukic, member of the Dakovo Catholic Church. It is said to derive from the Croatian word «Tor», which could be translated as "flock of sheep".

This dog was found mainly in present-day Bosnian territory, and to a lesser extent in Croatia. The first scientific references to it date back to the beginning of the 20th century., and more precisely to 1905, when Austrian dog fan Franz Laska accurately identified a mountain dog seen in Bosnia, call Tornjak by the locals. But, the Tornjak remained confined to the mountains for a long time. It even declined sharply in the following decades as lifestyles changed and grazing decreased.. Its population grew from several thousand in the nineteenth century to just under a hundred in the decades of 1960 and 1970, when a few Croatian and Bosnian enthusiasts conducted a census to preserve the breed.

If most of the identified specimens then came from Bosnia, it was in Croatia that a breeding program was established in the late 80. In 1979, in Zagreb (Croatia), the Yugoslavia Canine Association officially recognized the breed, and in 1982 the first litter with a complete pedigree was born as a result of this breeding program. Despite this almost rebirth, the Tornjak he was not at the end of his problems, since the explosion of Yugoslavia in 1991 and the civil war that followed caused him many difficulties.

The new Croatian Canine Association decided to identify a breed Tornjak croata, while his counterpart in Bosnia-Herzegovina spoke of the Tornjak bosnio. Although these dogs were in all respects the same, the fact that they were considered two separate breeds prevented them from breeding with each other, for example.

Was not up 2003 that the two organizations unified their standards under the name of Tornjak. In 2007, the Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI) provisionally recognized the Tornjak, that took the name of Bosnian and Herzegovinian - Croatian Shepherd Dog. At that moment, there was 1800 specimens recorded in Croatia, and 2700 in Bosnia.

After this recognition, the breed timidly began to make a name for itself outside the countries of the former Yugoslavia. El American United Kennel Club (UKC) accepted it in 2011, while the American Kennel Club (AKC), the other reference organization in the country, included it in 2012 in his Foundation Stock Service (FSS), a preliminary step before full recognition, what has not yet been produced to date. The first specimens arrived in Great Britain in 2013, and steps were taken to gain recognition from the prestigious and influential Kennel Club (KC), the reference body of the country. They haven't been successful yet. in Canada, the Canadian Kennel Club (KC) does not recognize the Bosnian and Herzegovinian - Croatian Shepherd Dog. But, year 2017 marked its final acceptance by the CFI.

Very popular in his home region, the Bosnian and Herzegovinian - Croatian Shepherd Dog struggles to win over audiences beyond his native region. It is extremely rare in North America, and it is not very common in Western Europe either. In France, He came in 2010. At the end of this decade, there were an average of fifty registrations per year in the Livre des Origines Français (LOF).

Physical characteristics

Great and powerful, the Tornjaks retain above-average agility and flexibility for a mountain dog.

They have an almost square shape, with strong bones that are not heavy, giving them a harmonious overall appearance. The tail is long, very mobile and bushy. When falling to rest, rises well above the level of the back when in action, which is uncommon in mountain dogs. Legs are powerful, parallel and raised.

The head is elongated, with a slight stop. The muzzle is rectangular and ends in a dark nose with wide nostrils.. The eyes are also dark and almond-shaped. The ears, triangular and hairy, stand tall and fall along the cheeks.

The undercoat is dense and thick, with a woolly texture in winter. The stiff top coat is long all over the body, except on the face and front of the legs. It is particularly abundant on the neck, forming a mane that protects it from predator bites.

The Bosnian and Herzegovinian - Croatian Shepherd Dog and the Croatian Sheepdog are the ones that most often have a particular color, although there are white subjects, with only a few small spots of color. White is the most common background color, with markings of various colors: black, brown, cervato… More rarely, some individuals have a black coat stained with white.

Last, sexual dimorphism is well marked in this breed: the female is not only smaller on average by about 5 cm., but also less massive.

Character and skills

The Tornjak he is surprisingly outgoing and caring for a shepherd who has worked for centuries in the mountains. He likes to spend time with his family, and is willing to play with older and smaller animals. In fact, he is a dog that adores children, and can spend hours entertaining them – The opposite also is true. But, due to its size and power, could easily inadvertently push a small child, so it is better if you are already a certain age, especially since then he is more likely to learn to behave with an animal and to respect it. In any case, a young child should never be left alone with a dog, regardless of race.

His attachment to the family he grew up with also means he can hardly get used to life in a new home if life's perils mean he has to change owners.. You are likely to have the greatest difficulty recovering from abandonment.

In addition to their great closeness to their caregivers, the Bosnian and Herzegovinian - Croatian Shepherd Dog he's also surprisingly personable with strangers. It barks when they approach and perfectly fulfills its guardian mission, but do not hesitate to go greet them and accept some caresses once their carer has validated their arrival.

But, it would be a mistake to forget that their main function is to protect their flock. Under his cheerful and friendly airs, hides boundless courage and amazing strength. However, is not aggressive and is content to bark when a threat approaches. But if the threat becomes clearer and your family is in danger, does not hesitate to force its non-aggressive nature and take action; few things can stop it. It also, a malicious person would have no chance to persuade and corrupt him with sweets and caresses, because he is infallibly loyal.

His sociability is also expressed against his peers, to the point that you can generally share your home perfectly with one or more dogs. It also, has no predatory instinct, so it does not see cats or rodents as prey, and therefore is not inclined to chase them. However, the difference in size means that cohabitation can sometimes be dangerous. In practice, if there are small animals in the house, it's better for him Bosnian and Herzegovinian - Croatian Shepherd Dog live outside.

This would not be to displease you. In fact, used to large spaces, not really made for indoor living. You do not need to do a lot of intensive exercises every day, but must be able to move at any time, so it is not at all suited to apartment living, even if his master takes him out for more than an hour a day. Needs a large enclosed garden, where I can patrol, run, to play…

If it can be easily installed outdoors it is because, like any mountain dog, is independent and tolerates loneliness well. It can easily stay at home while its owners are out for the day, and does not suffer from separation anxiety if this absence lasts for a weekend. But, under no circumstances should it be constantly left alone in the garden throughout the day. You need to spend time with your family, and two or three daily walks of at least half an hour each are ideal.

Games and sports activities are also great ways to bond with him., while being physically and mentally stimulated. With an excellent memory that allows you to easily assimilate tricks and commands, has the potential to shine in dog sports like flyball, obedience or agility.

But, you cannot start too early with physically demanding activities. In effect, given its size, when is a puppy, you experience growth spurts during which you need to slow down your burning, or at least avoid any overly intense strain on your joints and skeleton. Otherwise, there is a real risk of injury (sometimes with lifelong sequelae) or malformations.

If you live in a residential area, it is better that the fence that surrounds the garden is solid, to avoid accidents. Similarly, walks in parks and relatively crowded places should always be done on a leash, so you can hold back if you sense a threat. On the other hand, in an environment where encounters are rare (for example, in the mountains), can be free, If and when, of course, has assimilated the withdrawal orders.

Finally, the Bosnian and Herzegovinian - Croatian Shepherd Dog has a serious and powerful bark that can be heard from a distance. Can be heard from a distance, and is also heard when approaching a stranger or when you perceive a suspicious noise. This is reassuring and enjoyable when living in an isolated area., but can quickly cause neighborhood problems in a residential neighborhood.

Education

Like all dogs, the Tornjak should be socialized as soon as you get to your new home. Give you the opportunity to meet all kinds of people, animals and situations during your first months helps you become familiar with the unknown, and to avoid being surprised or even reacting badly as an adult. So, you should not hesitate to take any opportunity to meet the neighbors, friends, dealers, the vet… but also other animals, be it dogs, cats, rodents, horses, cows… You also have to deal with situations that you are not yet used to., especially the ones you will have to deal with regularly afterwards: travel by car, walk around the city, go out in a hectic environment…

It also, given its size, it is advisable to accustom it from an early age to being handled obediently. Brush, bathing or even clipping the claws can turn into moments of complicity with your caregiver, instead of being dreaded tests each time by both protagonists. In any case, trying to groom or bathe a dog 50 kg not accommodated can quickly become an adventure…

Although they have the independent character of herding dogs, to the Bosnian and Herzegovinian - Croatian Shepherd Dog they like to please their owners. It also, as his intelligence and memory are admirable, a caregiver who combines patience and know-how can go a long way in your education, even teaching them many tricks. But, although easier to handle than most mountain breeds, this does not make him a recommended dog for a novice sitter. But, It can be an interesting option for a person with a little experience who wants to face the challenge of a large independent dog..

In any case, traditional training methods should not be used with the Tornjak, as they only reinforce their independent side instead of developing their potential. On the other hand, positive reinforcement, with the help of caresses, treats and stimuli, motivates you to want to learn more and more and allows you beautiful moments of complicity.

The assimilation of memory is of particular importance: given its size, it is better for such a dog to obey the finger and the eye when his handler asks him to stop pulling on the leash or to come back to him. This is the essential condition so that you can enjoy nature with total freedom, without being put on a leash.

On the other hand, protection of the pack is instinctive in the Tornjak: you don't really need any training to play this role perfectly.

Health

The Tornjak it is an extremely robust breed of dog, with a life expectancy much higher than the average of dogs of its size, to the point that some specimens reach the 15 years of age.

The thick, woolly coat of the Tornjak helps protect you from cold and bad weather, as well as the rays of the sun. It is clearly a dog made to live outdoors, who is not afraid of low temperatures as long as he has a place to take refuge. On the other hand, when the mercury rises and the heat wave sets in, it is better to limit your activities and make sure you have the opportunity to rest in a shady place.

Although they are generally healthy, the Bosnian and Herzegovinian - Croatian Shepherd Dog they are not exempt from certain problems, especially those that affect larger dog breeds. They are predisposed to ...:

  • Hip and elbow dysplasia, joint problems whose origins can be hereditary and cause more or less severe locomotor difficulties;
  • gastric dilation-torsion, which often follows too rapid ingestion of large amounts of food, and it's fatal if a vet doesn't intervene quickly;
  • protein intolerance, what can take, among other things, to a deterioration of the coat.
  • Other diseases have been reported occasionally in some subjects, but they are still exceptionally rare. These include anemia or von Willebrand disease, a hereditary condition.

    To limit the risk of having a puppy with a hereditary and / or congenital problem, nothing better than adopting from a breeder Tornjak serious and responsible. In particular, the professional must present an updated health or vaccination record, that allows to verify the vaccines received by the animal, as well as a certificate of good health signed by a veterinarian. But, the professional should also be asked to provide the results of the genetic tests performed to both the parents and the child.

    It also, the floppy ears of Tornjak can quickly become nests of infection if not cleaned weekly.

    It also, how you spend most of your time outdoors, their fur is likely a breeding ground for parasites: even more than most tornjaks, it is imperative to be rigorous in the administration of regular pest control treatments to avoid this type of inconvenience.

    Last, the fact that he is generally in good health does not exempt him from wearing it regularly (at least every year) to a routine check-up at the vet, just to keep it healthy. This not only ensures that you are up to date on your vaccinations, it also allows early detection of any health problems.

    Grooming

    The Tornjak rarely poses problems regarding your health, but its maintenance requires some effort.

    First of all, its thick coat needs to be brushed once or twice a week to avoid knots and remove dirt, and its size means that this task takes some time.

    During their annual molt periods in the spring and fall, a lot of undercoat is shed, and brushing should then become a daily routine to deal with the large amount of dead hair.

    Brushing is also an opportunity to inspect your skin and make sure it is not injured., Court, sore or irritation. Spending most of the time outdoors, he is more exposed to this type of problem than his peers who live in an apartment and only go out for half an hour each day.

    In any case, if grooming is done regularly, can remove a large part of the dirt from their fur, keeping it relatively clean and odorless. So, it is not necessary to bathe your dog often. Unless, of course, got particularly dirty, you can be content with doing it twice a year, at the time of the move. It is necessary to use a mild shampoo designed specifically for dogs every time.

    On the other hand, as with any dog ​​with floppy ears, special care is required to prevent dirt from building up and causing infection. So, at least once a week, brushing his coat should be followed by cleaning his ears with a clean cloth.

    You should also take the opportunity to check your eyes and clean them, to limit the risk of eye infection, although, unlike ears, are not particularly susceptible to it.

    To end the beauty maintenance session, a teeth cleaning is de rigueur. It´s, in effect, the best way to effectively protect them against dental plaque formation, cavities and other problems at this level. Ideally, it should be done daily.. No matter how often you do it, always use a toothpaste specially designed for dogs.

    It may also be necessary to trim your dog's claws from time to time. Even if your dog lives outdoors, natural wear and tear is not always enough to file its strong claws. If you hear them hitting the ground when you walk, have grown too long and could injure or break: it's time to cut them with a special tool.

    Although all these operations do not require any particular knowledge, it is better to learn to do them correctly, especially to avoid hurting or even injuring your partner. It can be useful the first time to have the help of a veterinarian or a professional groomer to learn the correct gestures to perform.

    Buy a “Shepherd from Bosnia-Herzegovina and Croatia”

    The price of a puppy Bosnian and Herzegovinian - Croatian Shepherd Dog is of some 1000 EUR, but it's a mean: the sale price varies according to the prestige of the breeding, the ancestry of the animal, but also and above all its characteristics. On the other hand, there is not a big difference according to sex: males and females are generally priced similarly.

    Having said that, the Bosnian and Herzegovinian - Croatian Shepherd Dog still hard to find outside the countries of the former Yugoslavia. So, it may be wise to turn to a Croatian breeder, Slovenian, Bosnian or Serbian to find the right one. The sale price will not necessarily be much cheaper, but then import costs must be added to the budget, registration and transportation.

    It is possible to find hatcheries in the United States, but it is also still very rare there.

    Characteristics "Bosnian and Herzegovinian - Croatian Shepherd Dog"

    Coexistence is important that you have with your new friend. Before considering the acquisition of a dog of the breed "Bosnian and Herzegovinian - Croatian Shepherd Dog" you know certain factors. Not all breeds of dogs are apt to live in an apartment, you must take into account his character, their need for exercise, their interaction with other pets, their care and if you have small children, their level of tolerance towards them.

    Adaptation ⓘ

    2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    friendly dog ​​ⓘ

    4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    hair loss ⓘ

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Affection level ⓘ

    5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Need for exercise ⓘ

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Social need ⓘ

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Home ⓘ

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Toilet ⓘ

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Friendly with strangers ⓘ

    4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    barking ⓘ

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Health ⓘ

    2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Territorial ⓘ

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Cat friendly ⓘ

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Intelligence ⓘ

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Versatility ⓘ

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Child friendly ⓘ

    4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Surveillance ⓘ

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    joy ⓘ

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Images of the «Pastor of Bosnia-Herzegovina and Croatia»

    Photos:

    1 – «Pastor of Bosnia-Herzegovina and Croatia» by https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bosniantornjak.jpg
    2 – And little Tornjak. Colour: white & black by Canarian, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons
    3 – And little Tornjak. Colour: white & brown by Canarian, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons
    4 – A Croatian Tornjak (aka Croatian Mountain Dog or Bosnian and Herzegovinian – Croatian Shepherd Dog) female by Canarian, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons
    5 – And little Tornjak. Colour: white & black by Canarian, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons
    6 – Toro the Tornjak. Photo taken in a dog shelter in Zadar, Croatia by Mirta12, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons

    Videos of the «Pastor of Bosnia-Herzegovina and Croatia»

    Type and recognitions:

    • FCI CLASSIFICATION:
    • Group :
    • Section : . .

    Federations:

    • FCI – Pinscher and Schnauzer-Molossoid type dogs – Swiss Mountain Dogs and Cattledogs. Section 2.2 Molossoid, mountain type.
    • AKC(FSS)

    FCI breed standard "Bosnian and Herzegovinian - Croatian Shepherd Dog"

    Origin:
    Bosnia y Herzegovina, Croatia

    Date of publication of the valid original standard:
    19.11.2007

    Use:

    Herding and protection of livestock and farm pens and guard dog.



    General appearance:

    The Tornjak is a large and powerful dog, well proportioned and agile. The body is almost square in shape. The bone is not light, but it's not heavy or rough anyway. Standing and moving is strong, harmonious and well balanced. The coat is long and thick.

    IMPORTANT PROPORTIONS:
    The body is almost square. The length of the body must not exceed its height by more than one 8 %. The radius between the length of the skull and the muzzle is 1:1.



    Behavior / temperament:

    Of good disposition, friendly, brave, obedient, Intelligent, full of dignity and confidence. Fierce looking after the property entrusted to him, cannot be bribed and is suspicious of strangers. Devoted to his master and very calm in his presence. Very affectionate with the people who live in his environment. Learn quickly and keep this learning in your memory for a long time. Pleasantly performs the tasks assigned to you. It is easy to train.

    Head:

    Elongated. The radius between the skull and the muzzle is 1:1.

    Cranial region:

    The upper lines of the skull and snout are divergent.
    Supra-orbital arches are slightly visible.
    The back of the skull is elongated but moderately wide.
    The area between the supra-orbital arches and the occiput is flat.
    The occipital protrusion is very slight.

    • Nasal frontal depression (stop): Slightly pronounced.

    facial region:

    Nose: Grand, with nostrils wide enough. Must have dark pigmentation. Pigmentation must be in harmony with the color of the coat. Depigmentation is not allowed.
    Snout: Rectangular. The bridge of the nose is perfectly straight.
    Lips: Tight, with dark pigmentation.
    Jaws/teeth :The jaws are very long and strong. Perfect scissor bite, full dentition.
    Eyes: Almond biscuits, attached eyelids, dark color. Dark pigmentation on the edge of the eyelids.
    Ears: Medium-sized, triangular, bent and earrings, high insertion. Carried close to the cheeks. With shorter hair.

    Neck:

    Medium length, powerful, carried slightly low. Well attached skin. With abundant and long hair forming a mane.

    Body:

    Cross: Moderately developed.
    Back: Short, the court, moderately wide and straight.
    Pork loin: The connection between the chest and the rump is short, moderately wide; in females it is a little longer.
    Rump: Long Middle, wide and slightly inclined.
    Breast : Very spacious, deep, wide and oval. Lower chest reaches at least elbows. Never barrel shaped. The chest is strong with the tip of the sternum moderately pronounced.
    bottom line: Well muscled abdomen. The lower line is not retracted but gradually rises from where the sternum ends towards the posterior.

    Tail:

    Long, inserted at a medium height, very mobile. When at rest it is always hanging and in motion it is always above the level of the upper line, this is a characteristic of the breed. With abundant hair and characteristic fringe.

    Tips

    Strong and well angled.

    PREVIOUS MEMBERS:well developed, with strong bone and tight muscles. Parallel and straight when stationary.

    Blades:Long Middle, well leaning back. The scapulo-humeral angle is approximately 120º..
    Humeri:Muscular and strong, almost the same length as the scapulae.
    Elbows:Moderately close to the body.
    forearms:Strong bones and developed, straight muscles.
    Metacarpus:With slight inclination.
    Previous feet:Fingers arched and together. Pigmented nails, desirable dark pigmentation. Elastic pads, hard and compact, dark pigmentation is desired. Front feet are more developed than rear feet.

    LATER MEMBERS:Strong and parallel. Straight when standing with proper angulation. Well angled knees.

    Thighs:Widths, strong, good muscular.
    Warm:With good bodybuilding, strong wide and the same length as the femur.
    Tarsos:Firms. Insertion a little high.
    Metatarsals:Strong. They can have spurs.
    Hind feet:Fingers arched and together. Pigmented nails, dark pigmentation is desirable. Elastic pads, hard and compact, dark pigmentation is desirable.

    Movement:

    The Tornjak is a trotter. The movement is well balanced, stretchy and powerful, harmonious and with great drive. In motion the top line is firm.

    Mantle

    SKIN: The skin is thick, well adhered throughout the body.

    Fur: In general, the Tornjak is a long-haired dog, thick, rustic and straight. It is especially long at the top of the rump; over shoulders and back can be slightly wavy. It is short on the muzzle and face, above the imaginary line that connects the ears, over the ears and on the front of the legs and feet.

    It is especially abundant around the neck (mane), dense and long over the thighs. Forms fringes on the forearms. In well-coated dogs, it is also especially abundant on the back of the metatarsals.. The tail is very bushy with very long hair. The winter undercoat is long, very thick and with a pleasant woolly texture. The hair is thick and dense and should not split in two along the top line.

    Color: As a rule, the Tornjak is of split color with characteristic markings in various solid colors.. Generally the dominant background color is white. There may be dogs with a black coat and white markings that usually appear around the neck, over the head and along the legs. There may also be almost entirely white dogs with only small markings.



    Size and weight:

    Height to the cross:

    Males: 65 – 70 cm.
    females: 60 – 65 cm.

    Tolerance+/- 2cm.



    Fouls:

    Any deviation from the aforementioned criteria is considered as a fault and the severity of this is considered to the degree of the deviation to the standard and its consequences on the health and well-being of the dog..

    • Too thin or too heavy bone.
    • Very fine or very coarse head.
    • Missing ears (inclusion, long, hair).
    • Bite in clamp.
    • Absence of 2 p2, 2 p3.
    • Absence of more than 2 p1.
    • Very long back.
    • Curved or saddled top line.
    • Obviously exaggerated dog.
    • Angulations with faults.
    • Elbows in or out.
    • Tail resting on the back.
    • Tail with little hair.
    • Hair with insufficient length.
    • dark mask.
    • Weak feet.

    FALTAS DESCALIFICANTES:

    • Aggressiveness or extreme shyness.
    • Any dog ​​showing clear signs of physical or behavioral abnormalities must be disqualified..
    • Lack of type (atypical dogs).
    • Sexual type deviation.
    • Anomalies in eye color and shape (wattled eyes, vicious expression, different colored eyes).
    • Entropion, ectropion.
    • Prognathism or enognatismo.
    • Absence of any other tooth than those mentioned as missing.
    • Too short hair.
    • Lack of undercoat.
    • Broken tail.
    • Absence of tail.
    • Solid color dogs.
    • albinism.
    • Atypical distribution of colors on the body.
    • Differences in the limits of the indicated heights (including tolerance).
    • Cosmetic treatment in the dog or evidence of cosmetic or surgical treatments.


    N.B.:
    • Males should have two normal-appearing testicles fully descended into the scrotum..
    • Only functionally and clinically healthy dogs, with the typical conformation of the breed, should be used for parenting.

    Source: F.C.I - International Cynological Federation

    Alternative names:

    1. Tornjak (English).
    2. Tornjak (French).
    3. Tornjak, Bosnien und Herzegowina und Kroatien (German).
    4. Tornjak (Portuguese).
    5. Tornjak (español).

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    Rottweiler
    Alemania FCI 147 - Molosoids – Doge

    Rottweiler

    The Rottweiler is a quiet dog, docile and faithful family.

    Content

    History

    The Rottweiler is one of the breeds of German origin that is recognized by the Federation Cynologique Internationale (FCI). The Rottweiler is a dog trotting type.

    The history of the Rottweiler dates back to the 19th century. The city of Rottweil in present-day Baden-Württemberg was known for its cattle trade.. To keep animals under control on their way to pasture, farmers and butchers had to use intelligent and persistent companion dogs. At the beginning, these dogs were therefore called butcher dogs, later they were finally given the name Rottweiler due to its proximity to the city of Rottweil. Other theories about the history of the Rottweiler breed say that the canine breed was already used for cattle breeding in Rome and therefore came with the Romans through the Alps to the city of Rottweil. In the early 20th century, when people were looking for a suitable police dog, it soon became clear that the Rottweiler, with his strong, muscular stature and intrepid temperament, was particularly suitable. In 1910 the Rottweiler was officially recognized as a police dog.

    those characteristics, they made it an indispensable both for farmers and butchers Assistant.

    Physical characteristics

    The Rottweiler is a medium to large dog, muscular, sturdy and strong with powerful teeth. Although its shape is quite robust, the Rottweiler has great resistance and is very agile. According to the breed standard, the height at the withers of a male dog is 68 cm., that of a female dog 63 cm.. The weight of a Rottweiler is between approx. 42 kg ( female) and approx. 50 kg (male). Rottweiler coat consists of a black top layer and bottom layer. The black top layer is described by the VDH (German Canine Federation) as "medium length", thick, dense and tight", while the bottom layer should not protrude from the top layer. The Rottweiler's coat is slightly longer on the hind legs. Characteristic for the Rottweiler is also the so-called blight, which means clearly defined brown-red markings on the lips, the snout, the eyebrows, under the root of the tail and on the chest.

    Within this breed we can find two breeding lines, the European, considered the original and the American. The American line is characterized by taller specimens and more stylized bodies., on the other hand, European line dogs have a more compact and robust body with a shorter height.

    Character and skills

    Although the Rottweiler is a race that has been used for defence work, his work and typicity requires that they are described as friendly, happy talk, quiet, faithful, obedient and willingness to work. In the latest studies of aggressiveness in breeds, this was not among the top ten.

    In addition the Rottweiler dog is located within the ten most intelligent dogs, they are dogs of great trust and kindness, You can be glad that it will meet the desired objective.

    An important attribute that has the Rottweiler is his adiestrabilidad. It is a very intelligent and obedient dog, able to learn many tasks.

    According to the classification made by Stanley Coren after analyzing the responses of more than 200 work of the AKC judges ("The Intelligence of Dogs", Stanley city, Ediciones B, 1995), the Rottweiler is the No. 9 from the list.

    Its history as a shepherd, as military dog and care as well as dog obedience and exhibition, speaks highly of his versatility.

    The Rottweilers are ideal as protectors of the family and property. You agree to all the members of the family and protect both the father and the son. The Rottweilers usually do not have Favorites, Although there are exceptions. They tend to be individualists, and this is due, Once again, are creatures with discernment and lists.

    Their intelligence "affects" their trainability. Just like, frequently, It is said of the cats, they are too ready to wait for repetition of an order. Once they have executed her once or twice as you like, Surely they tired of the game and seek a better output. Why do humans insist on doing these things so many times?? I already got the idea the first time and it wasn't that exciting” the Rottweiler seems to think.

    In Spain the breed of dog Rottweiler It is classified as "Potentially Dangerous" by Royal Decree. This means that in the Spanish State, potentially dangerous breeds are regulated by the Law 50/1999, of the 23 from December and the Royal Decree 287/2002, of the 22 March.

    So, for its possession you must obtain the license for possession of potentially dangerous dogs and register in the corresponding Municipal registration of potentially dangerous animals. One of the things that are required for this license is insurance of civil liability to third parties.

    Some need more help than others, but patience is always required when you train a dog, regardless of what race.
    Please understand that nothing wrong with owning a Rottweiler there is. They are amazing dogs and wonderful companion animals.. This is not an issue of race, but rather individuals who are involved with the canine behavior modification.

    Rottweiler maintenance

    Since the Rottweiler was bred as a persistent working dog and therefore needs a lot of leash in order to function properly, keeping him in the kennel is out of the question. But, due to its robustness, can stay out if there is a good family connection and corresponding workload. It is important to socialize the Rottweiler from the beginning through specific training and attendance at a dog school and accustom it to different situations and people.. Due to its character, the Rottweiler can be used very well as a service dog, guard dog, rescue dog or guide dog for the blind. Although it is not the classic family dog, living with children is usually not a problem. Due to its size and strength, wild games with children should be avoided, and children should not walk alone with the Rottweiler due to its enormous traction. Proper maintenance a Rottweiler includes not only a demanding occupation but also a good education.

    The life expectancy of a Rottweiler

    The life expectancy of a Rottweiler is with 8-10 years somewhat below average value. Unlike small dog breeds, the musculoskeletal system of larger dog breeds is already under great stress during the growth phase, causing signs of wear earlier.

    Buy a Rottweiler

    Before deciding on a Rottweiler, one must closely examine their attitude and character and carefully consider whether this breed is really suitable. The following questions must be answered affirmatively: Can I offer the Rottweiler enough space and exercise?? Do I have time to take care of the animal enough? Do all family members agree with the dog? Do I trust the education of a Rottweiler? Can I take my dog ​​on vacation or what alternatives are there? If you finally decide to get a Rottweiler, doesn't necessarily have to come from a breeder. Why don't you visit the animal shelter?- Maybe you'll find a Rottweiler there that you can give a good home to.. Here the purchase is also much cheaper than with a breeder.

    Rottweiler Education

    The correct education is very important for a Rottweiler to promote its generally human and balanced character.. Your position in the family hierarchy should be clear to the dog from the start., so that he learns to obey and respect his master. Consistency is extremely important in Rottweiler education, and should be dominant, but without harshness. As a responsible dog owner, you must act with sovereignty, calm and especially with consideration when training a Rottweiler. The Rottweiler recognizes these positive leadership qualities, which ultimately makes him a loyal companion. As in the case of any other dog, training should begin at the puppy's age, where positive behavior is rewarded with praise, for example in the form of sweets. Caution: With insufficiently dominant leadership or erroneous and inconsistent education, Rottweiler can develop dangerous behavior – this shows the great role that the correct education of the Rottweilers plays.

    Rottweiler Health and Care

    Since the Rottweiler's coat is rather short to medium long, the toilet is not very complex. But, due to its agile nature, impurities can quickly accumulate on the coat, so grooming should not be neglected entirely. Occasional brushing is completely sufficient. For Rottweiler coat length, special brushes for dogs, but also cotton gloves have proven to be very effective. In addition to the toilet, foot care, as well as eye care, ears and nails should be considered to the usual extent.

    Breed-specific diseases

    As with many other large dogs, certain diseases occur more frequently in Rottweiler dogs. These include hip dysplasia and elbow dysplasia, both are poor development of the respective joints. Because this is due to a genetic disposition, an X-ray examination must be presented in a breed aptitude test. To prevent disease, care must be taken that the animal is not overweight and gets enough exercise. Leukoencephalomyelopathy is also a hereditary disease. It leads to progressive paralysis in young animals and is not curable., although it occurs quite infrequently. On the other hand, in recent years, heart disease has been reported more frequently in this breed. Constriction of the nerves of the heart, for example, is inherited and affects the reflux of blood from the heart, which ultimately leads to limited performance of the Rottweiler.

    Rottweiler feed

    Like any other dog, the Rottweiler needs a species-appropriate diet. To prevent overweight and resulting breed diseases, such as hip and elbow dysplasia, dog food should not be too fatty and above all low in protein. It is also important that the Rottweiler feeds in moderation and has limited access to the feeding bowl. Instead of being able to use a large portion of food, Dog owners must distribute food appropriately for their “Rotti”. Whether dry or wet food is better for the Rottweiler, the dog owner must decide for himself.

    Rottweiler puppies prefer to eat what they are used to eating from their breeder. So, it makes sense to continue feeding this food for the time being and only change food when the dog is older and may have different needs than its food. It's best to just try what the Rottweiler likes best: in addition to dry and wet food, also a healthy alternative to barking at the dog.

    Characteristics "Rottweiler"

    Coexistence is important that you have with your new friend. Before considering the acquisition of a dog of the breed "Rottweiler" you know certain factors. Not all breeds of dogs are apt to live in an apartment, you must take into account his character, their need for exercise, their interaction with other pets, their care and if you have small children, their level of tolerance towards them.

    Adaptation ⓘ

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    friendly dog ​​ⓘ

    1,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    hair loss ⓘ

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Affection level ⓘ

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Need for exercise ⓘ

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Social need ⓘ

    5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Home ⓘ

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Toilet ⓘ

    1,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Friendly with strangers ⓘ

    1,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    barking ⓘ

    2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Health ⓘ

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Territorial ⓘ

    5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Cat friendly ⓘ

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Intelligence ⓘ

    4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Versatility ⓘ

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Child friendly ⓘ

    2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Surveillance ⓘ

    3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    joy ⓘ

    5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

    Rottweiler Images

    Rottweiler Videos

    Type and recognitions:

    • FCI CLASSIFICATION:
    • Group :
    • Section : . .

    Federations:

    • FCI – Pinscher and Schnauzer-Molossoid type dogs – Swiss Mountain Dogs and Cattledogs. Section 2.1 Molossoid, mastiff type.
    • AKC – Working dogs
    • ANKC – Group 6 (utility dogs)
    • CKC – Group 3 (working dogs)
    • ​KC – Working dogs
    • NZKC – Utility dog
    • UKC – Watchdog

    FCI breed standard "Rottweiler"

    Origin:
    Germany

    Date of publication of the valid original standard:
    15.06.2018

    Use:

    Utility dog, service and company.



    General appearance:

    The Rottweiler is a medium to large sized dog, robust, neither heavy nor light, neither with limbs too high nor weak. Its correctly proportioned construction, Compact and powerful, Lets conclude that it is a very powerful dog, agile and resistant.

    IMPORTANT PROPORTIONS: The length of the body, measured from the tip of the sternum (chest bone) to the ischial tuberosity, must not exceed the height at the withers by more than one 15%.



    Behavior / temperament:

    The rottweiler hasaffable tendency, placid in basic arrangement, very devoted, obedient, docile and willing to workIts appearance is natural and rustic, his behavior is self-confident, stable and fearless. Reacts to its surroundings with great attentionand at the same time in a temperate way.

    Head:

    ---

    Cranial region:
    • Skull: Medium length, relativelywidth between ears. Side view, the forehead is moderately arched; the occipital Protuberance is well developed, without being too noticeable.
    • Depression links (Stop)Relatively strongThe front grooves are not too deep.

    facial region:

    • Truffle: Well developed, rather wide than rounded, with relatively large nostrils, always black.
    • Snout: In relation to the area of ​​the skull, it should not give the impression of being shortened or elongated.The relationship between the length of the muzzle and the length of the skull is approximately 1 to 1.5. Straight nose bridge, wide at its insertion, moderately decreases in width from back to front.
    • Lips: Blacks, well pasted. The corner of the mouth is tightly closed; gums as dark as possible.
    • Jaws / Teeth: Both the upper and lower jaws are very strong and wide.. Healthy teeth, strong and full (42 parts). With scissor bite, upper incisors overhang lower incisors tightly.
    • Cheeks: Pronounced zygomatic arches.

    EYES: Medium-sized, almendrada form, dark brown; with well-adherent eyelids.
    EARS: Medium-sized, pendants, triangular, very separated and set high. With the ears well glued and placed forward, which makes the skull area of ​​the impression to be wider.

    Neck:

    Strong, long, good muscular, slightly arched, clean, double chin freeorskinloose.

    Body:

    • Back: Straight, strong and stiff.
    • Pork loin: The lumbar region is short, strong and deep.
    • Rump: Wide, medium length, slightly rounded, without being straight, not even with much fall.
    • Breast : Spacious, broad and deep (approx.. 50% the height of the cross), with a well-developed sill and bulky rib.
    • Abdomen: Not collected flanks.

    Tail:

    In natural condition, strong, at the level and in an extension of the upper line; in atention, when aroused or on the move can bring her up with a slight curve; in idle it can hang up.Bringing it down between the legs the tail reaches the hocks or is a little longer.

    Tips

    PREVIOUS MEMBERS:

    • As a whole: Seen from the front they are straight and not very together. The forearms, seen from side, they are straight. The inclination of the scapula in relation to the horizontal is 45°.
    • Shoulder: Well-placed.
    • Arms: Well glued to the trunk.
    • forearms: Strongly developed and muscular.
    • Metacarpus: Slightly elastic, strong, slightly oblique.
    • Front feet: Round; closed and swollen fingers. Hard pads; short nails, black and strong.

    LATER MEMBERS:

    • As a whole: Seen from behind are straight, parallel and not very together. In the natural position, obtuse angles are formed between the thigh and the iliac bone., between the thigh and the leg (knee), and between the leg and the metatarsus (Hock).
    • Thigh: Moderately long, width and heavily muscled.
    • Leg: Long, strong, with many muscles, sinewy.
    • Hock: Powerful; well angled, not steep.
    • Rear feet: A little longer than the front; also closed fingers, bulky and heavy.

    Movement:

    The Rottweiler is a m, remaining your back strong and with little movement. The development of the movement is harmonious, insurance, with force and free, with wide steps.

    Mantle

    SKIN: Skin tight head throughout the area; form small wrinkles on the forehead when the dog is at attention.

    HAIR: Composed of outer layer and internal NAP. The external layer hair is medium long, hard, thick and tight; internal NAP must not protrude beyond the external hair. In the hind, the hair is a little longer.

    COLOR: Negro, with well-defined fire marks of a bright pardo-rojizo color on the cheeks, snout, throat, chest and members, as well as above the eyes and under the tail.



    Size and weight:

    Males:

    • Height to the cross: 61-68 cm..
    • Of 61 to 62 cm.: small; of 63-64 cm.: medium-.
    • Of 65-66 cm.: large (correct size); of 67-68 cm.: very large.
    • Weight: Approximate: 50 kg.

    females:

    • Height to the cross: 56-63 cm..
    • Of 56 to 57 cm.: small; of 58 to 59 cm.: medium.
    • Of 60-61 cm.: large (correct size); of 62-63 cm.: very large.
    • Weight: Approximate: 42 kg.


    Fouls:

    Any deviation from the aforementioned criteria is considered as a fault and the severity of this is considered to the degree of the deviation to the standard and its consequences on the health and well-being of the dog..

    General appearance: Lightweight overall appearance, fragile; too high limb; weak bones and muscles.

    • Head: Head of hounds, narrow, light; too short or too long, Tosca; Flat front; absent or little noticeable stop.
    • Snout: Pointed or long; split nose; borrego type nose cane (convex), or depressed (concave); drooping nasal bridge (eagle); Truffle stained or color clear.
    • Lips: Not together, pink or stained; Open the lips angle.
    • Jaws: Narrow jaw.
    • Teeth: Bite of iron.
    • Cheeks: Very prominent.
    • Eyes: clear, deep, bulging or round. Loose eyelids.
    • Ears: Too low, heavy, long, drooping, bent backwards, as well as separate the size of the uniform.
    • Neck: Too long, delgado, weak muscles, with loose skin or dewlap.
    • Body: Too long, too short, Strait.
    • Back: Too long, weak, past due or outstanding (convex).
    • Rump: Drop, too short, long or straight.
    • Breast : Chest with a flat rib, barrel or Strait, backwards.
    • Tail: Too high or too low implementation.
    • Former members: Close together, not straight; steep shoulder; elbows not quite clinging to the body or separated; too long forearms, short or steep; weak or steep Metacarpus; crushed feet; very flat fingers, destitute or very bulky; Nail Color clear.
    • Later members: Flat thighs; closed or cow type tips; the very acute or obtuse angles of the joints; Spurs.
    • Skin: The wrinkled facial skin.
    • Fur: Soft; too short or too long, wavy; absence of internal NAP.
    • Color: Wrong color marks, too big, or not clearly defined.

    MISS PLAYOFFS

    • Behavior: Shy animals, shy, cowards, aggressive, overly suspicious, nervous and afraid of shots that show.
    • General appearance: Marked investment in the sexual nature (that the male presents female characteristics or vice versa).
    • Teeth: Upper or lower prognathism, incisor arcade deviated; absence of an incisor tooth, Tusk, a premolar or a molar.
    • Eyes: Entropion, ectropion, yellow eyes; anisochromia (eyes of different colour).
    • Tail: Quebrada, threaded, strongly diverted laterally.
    • Fur: Markedly long or wavy.
    • Color: Any discrepancy from the characteristic black color with reddish-brown spots; white spots.
    • Any dog ​​showing clear signs of physical or behavioral abnormalities must be disqualified..


    N.B.:
    • Males should have two normal-appearing testicles fully descended into the scrotum..
    • Only functionally and clinically healthy dogs, with the typical conformation of the breed, should be used for parenting.

    TRANSLATION: Federation Canófila Mexicana a.c..

    The latest changes are in bold.

    Source: F.C.I - International Cynological Federation

    Alternative names:

    1. Rott, Rottie (English).
    2. Rottweiler (French).
    3. Rottweiler Metzgerhund (German).
    4. Rottweiler Metzgerhund (Portuguese).
    5. Rottie, Rott (español).