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Aidi – Atlas Mountain Dog
Marruecos FCI 247 - Molossoid . Mountain

aidi

The Aidi is highly energetic, protective and extremely vigilant. Despite its resemblance to Sheepdogs, The Aidi is not one of them because there are no sheepdogs from the Atlas.

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Rottweiler
Alemania FCI 147 - Molosoids – Doge

Rottweiler

The Rottweiler is a quiet dog, docile and faithful family.

Content

History

The Rottweiler is one of the breeds of German origin that is recognized by the Federation Cynologique Internationale (FCI). The Rottweiler is a dog trotting type.

The history of the Rottweiler dates back to the 19th century. The city of Rottweil in present-day Baden-Württemberg was known for its cattle trade.. To keep animals under control on their way to pasture, farmers and butchers had to use intelligent and persistent companion dogs. At the beginning, these dogs were therefore called butcher dogs, later they were finally given the name Rottweiler due to its proximity to the city of Rottweil. Other theories about the history of the Rottweiler breed say that the canine breed was already used for cattle breeding in Rome and therefore came with the Romans through the Alps to the city of Rottweil. In the early 20th century, when people were looking for a suitable police dog, it soon became clear that the Rottweiler, with his strong, muscular stature and intrepid temperament, was particularly suitable. In 1910 the Rottweiler was officially recognized as a police dog.

those characteristics, they made it an indispensable both for farmers and butchers Assistant.

Physical characteristics

The Rottweiler is a medium to large dog, muscular, sturdy and strong with powerful teeth. Although its shape is quite robust, the Rottweiler has great resistance and is very agile. According to the breed standard, the height at the withers of a male dog is 68 cm., that of a female dog 63 cm.. The weight of a Rottweiler is between approx. 42 kg ( female) and approx. 50 kg (male). Rottweiler coat consists of a black top layer and bottom layer. The black top layer is described by the VDH (German Canine Federation) as "medium length", thick, dense and tight", while the bottom layer should not protrude from the top layer. The Rottweiler's coat is slightly longer on the hind legs. Characteristic for the Rottweiler is also the so-called blight, which means clearly defined brown-red markings on the lips, the snout, the eyebrows, under the root of the tail and on the chest.

Within this breed we can find two breeding lines, the European, considered the original and the American. The American line is characterized by taller specimens and more stylized bodies., on the other hand, European line dogs have a more compact and robust body with a shorter height.

Character and skills

Although the Rottweiler is a race that has been used for defence work, his work and typicity requires that they are described as friendly, happy talk, quiet, faithful, obedient and willingness to work. In the latest studies of aggressiveness in breeds, this was not among the top ten.

In addition the Rottweiler dog is located within the ten most intelligent dogs, they are dogs of great trust and kindness, You can be glad that it will meet the desired objective.

An important attribute that has the Rottweiler is his adiestrabilidad. It is a very intelligent and obedient dog, able to learn many tasks.

According to the classification made by Stanley Coren after analyzing the responses of more than 200 work of the AKC judges ("The Intelligence of Dogs", Stanley city, Ediciones B, 1995), the Rottweiler is the No. 9 from the list.

Its history as a shepherd, as military dog and care as well as dog obedience and exhibition, speaks highly of his versatility.

The Rottweilers are ideal as protectors of the family and property. You agree to all the members of the family and protect both the father and the son. The Rottweilers usually do not have Favorites, Although there are exceptions. They tend to be individualists, and this is due, Once again, are creatures with discernment and lists.

Their intelligence "affects" their trainability. Just like, frequently, It is said of the cats, they are too ready to wait for repetition of an order. Once they have executed her once or twice as you like, Surely they tired of the game and seek a better output. Why do humans insist on doing these things so many times?? I already got the idea the first time and it wasn't that exciting” the Rottweiler seems to think.

In Spain the breed of dog Rottweiler It is classified as "Potentially Dangerous" by Royal Decree. This means that in the Spanish State, potentially dangerous breeds are regulated by the Law 50/1999, of the 23 from December and the Royal Decree 287/2002, of the 22 March.

So, for its possession you must obtain the license for possession of potentially dangerous dogs and register in the corresponding Municipal registration of potentially dangerous animals. One of the things that are required for this license is insurance of civil liability to third parties.

Some need more help than others, but patience is always required when you train a dog, regardless of what race.
Please understand that nothing wrong with owning a Rottweiler there is. They are amazing dogs and wonderful companion animals.. This is not an issue of race, but rather individuals who are involved with the canine behavior modification.

Rottweiler maintenance

Since the Rottweiler was bred as a persistent working dog and therefore needs a lot of leash in order to function properly, keeping him in the kennel is out of the question. But, due to its robustness, can stay out if there is a good family connection and corresponding workload. It is important to socialize the Rottweiler from the beginning through specific training and attendance at a dog school and accustom it to different situations and people.. Due to its character, the Rottweiler can be used very well as a service dog, guard dog, rescue dog or guide dog for the blind. Although it is not the classic family dog, living with children is usually not a problem. Due to its size and strength, wild games with children should be avoided, and children should not walk alone with the Rottweiler due to its enormous traction. Proper maintenance a Rottweiler includes not only a demanding occupation but also a good education.

The life expectancy of a Rottweiler

The life expectancy of a Rottweiler is with 8-10 years somewhat below average value. Unlike small dog breeds, the musculoskeletal system of larger dog breeds is already under great stress during the growth phase, causing signs of wear earlier.

Buy a Rottweiler

Before deciding on a Rottweiler, one must closely examine their attitude and character and carefully consider whether this breed is really suitable. The following questions must be answered affirmatively: Can I offer the Rottweiler enough space and exercise?? Do I have time to take care of the animal enough? Do all family members agree with the dog? Do I trust the education of a Rottweiler? Can I take my dog ​​on vacation or what alternatives are there? If you finally decide to get a Rottweiler, doesn't necessarily have to come from a breeder. Why don't you visit the animal shelter?- Maybe you'll find a Rottweiler there that you can give a good home to.. Here the purchase is also much cheaper than with a breeder.

Rottweiler Education

The correct education is very important for a Rottweiler to promote its generally human and balanced character.. Your position in the family hierarchy should be clear to the dog from the start., so that he learns to obey and respect his master. Consistency is extremely important in Rottweiler education, and should be dominant, but without harshness. As a responsible dog owner, you must act with sovereignty, calm and especially with consideration when training a Rottweiler. The Rottweiler recognizes these positive leadership qualities, which ultimately makes him a loyal companion. As in the case of any other dog, training should begin at the puppy's age, where positive behavior is rewarded with praise, for example in the form of sweets. Caution: With insufficiently dominant leadership or erroneous and inconsistent education, Rottweiler can develop dangerous behavior – this shows the great role that the correct education of the Rottweilers plays.

Rottweiler Health and Care

Since the Rottweiler's coat is rather short to medium long, the toilet is not very complex. But, due to its agile nature, impurities can quickly accumulate on the coat, so grooming should not be neglected entirely. Occasional brushing is completely sufficient. For Rottweiler coat length, special brushes for dogs, but also cotton gloves have proven to be very effective. In addition to the toilet, foot care, as well as eye care, ears and nails should be considered to the usual extent.

Breed-specific diseases

As with many other large dogs, certain diseases occur more frequently in Rottweiler dogs. These include hip dysplasia and elbow dysplasia, both are poor development of the respective joints. Because this is due to a genetic disposition, an X-ray examination must be presented in a breed aptitude test. To prevent disease, care must be taken that the animal is not overweight and gets enough exercise. Leukoencephalomyelopathy is also a hereditary disease. It leads to progressive paralysis in young animals and is not curable., although it occurs quite infrequently. On the other hand, in recent years, heart disease has been reported more frequently in this breed. Constriction of the nerves of the heart, for example, is inherited and affects the reflux of blood from the heart, which ultimately leads to limited performance of the Rottweiler.

Rottweiler feed

Like any other dog, the Rottweiler needs a species-appropriate diet. To prevent overweight and resulting breed diseases, such as hip and elbow dysplasia, dog food should not be too fatty and above all low in protein. It is also important that the Rottweiler feeds in moderation and has limited access to the feeding bowl. Instead of being able to use a large portion of food, Dog owners must distribute food appropriately for their “Rotti”. Whether dry or wet food is better for the Rottweiler, the dog owner must decide for himself.

Rottweiler puppies prefer to eat what they are used to eating from their breeder. So, it makes sense to continue feeding this food for the time being and only change food when the dog is older and may have different needs than its food. It's best to just try what the Rottweiler likes best: in addition to dry and wet food, also a healthy alternative to barking at the dog.

Characteristics "Rottweiler"

Coexistence is important that you have with your new friend. Before considering the acquisition of a dog of the breed "Rottweiler" you know certain factors. Not all breeds of dogs are apt to live in an apartment, you must take into account his character, their need for exercise, their interaction with other pets, their care and if you have small children, their level of tolerance towards them.

Adaptation ⓘ

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

friendly dog ​​ⓘ

1,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

hair loss ⓘ

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Affection level ⓘ

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Need for exercise ⓘ

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Social need ⓘ

5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Home ⓘ

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Toilet ⓘ

1,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Friendly with strangers ⓘ

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barking ⓘ

2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Health ⓘ

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Territorial ⓘ

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Cat friendly ⓘ

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Intelligence ⓘ

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Versatility ⓘ

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Child friendly ⓘ

2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Surveillance ⓘ

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joy ⓘ

5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Rottweiler Images

Rottweiler Videos

Type and recognitions:

  • FCI CLASSIFICATION:
  • Group :
  • Section : . .

Federations:

  • FCI – Pinscher and Schnauzer-Molossoid type dogs – Swiss Mountain Dogs and Cattledogs. Section 2.1 Molossoid, mastiff type.
  • AKC – Working dogs
  • ANKC – Group 6 (utility dogs)
  • CKC – Group 3 (working dogs)
  • ​KC – Working dogs
  • NZKC – Utility dog
  • UKC – Watchdog

FCI breed standard "Rottweiler"

Origin:
Germany

Date of publication of the valid original standard:
15.06.2018

Use:

Utility dog, service and company.



General appearance:

The Rottweiler is a medium to large sized dog, robust, neither heavy nor light, neither with limbs too high nor weak. Its correctly proportioned construction, Compact and powerful, Lets conclude that it is a very powerful dog, agile and resistant.

IMPORTANT PROPORTIONS: The length of the body, measured from the tip of the sternum (chest bone) to the ischial tuberosity, must not exceed the height at the withers by more than one 15%.



Behavior / temperament:

The rottweiler hasaffable tendency, placid in basic arrangement, very devoted, obedient, docile and willing to workIts appearance is natural and rustic, his behavior is self-confident, stable and fearless. Reacts to its surroundings with great attentionand at the same time in a temperate way.

Head:

---

Cranial region:
  • Skull: Medium length, relativelywidth between ears. Side view, the forehead is moderately arched; the occipital Protuberance is well developed, without being too noticeable.
  • Depression links (Stop)Relatively strongThe front grooves are not too deep.

facial region:

  • Truffle: Well developed, rather wide than rounded, with relatively large nostrils, always black.
  • Snout: In relation to the area of ​​the skull, it should not give the impression of being shortened or elongated.The relationship between the length of the muzzle and the length of the skull is approximately 1 to 1.5. Straight nose bridge, wide at its insertion, moderately decreases in width from back to front.
  • Lips: Blacks, well pasted. The corner of the mouth is tightly closed; gums as dark as possible.
  • Jaws / Teeth: Both the upper and lower jaws are very strong and wide.. Healthy teeth, strong and full (42 parts). With scissor bite, upper incisors overhang lower incisors tightly.
  • Cheeks: Pronounced zygomatic arches.

EYES: Medium-sized, almendrada form, dark brown; with well-adherent eyelids.
EARS: Medium-sized, pendants, triangular, very separated and set high. With the ears well glued and placed forward, which makes the skull area of ​​the impression to be wider.

Neck:

Strong, long, good muscular, slightly arched, clean, double chin freeorskinloose.

Body:

  • Back: Straight, strong and stiff.
  • Pork loin: The lumbar region is short, strong and deep.
  • Rump: Wide, medium length, slightly rounded, without being straight, not even with much fall.
  • Breast : Spacious, broad and deep (approx.. 50% the height of the cross), with a well-developed sill and bulky rib.
  • Abdomen: Not collected flanks.

Tail:

In natural condition, strong, at the level and in an extension of the upper line; in atention, when aroused or on the move can bring her up with a slight curve; in idle it can hang up.Bringing it down between the legs the tail reaches the hocks or is a little longer.

Tips

PREVIOUS MEMBERS:

  • As a whole: Seen from the front they are straight and not very together. The forearms, seen from side, they are straight. The inclination of the scapula in relation to the horizontal is 45°.
  • Shoulder: Well-placed.
  • Arms: Well glued to the trunk.
  • forearms: Strongly developed and muscular.
  • Metacarpus: Slightly elastic, strong, slightly oblique.
  • Front feet: Round; closed and swollen fingers. Hard pads; short nails, black and strong.

LATER MEMBERS:

  • As a whole: Seen from behind are straight, parallel and not very together. In the natural position, obtuse angles are formed between the thigh and the iliac bone., between the thigh and the leg (knee), and between the leg and the metatarsus (Hock).
  • Thigh: Moderately long, width and heavily muscled.
  • Leg: Long, strong, with many muscles, sinewy.
  • Hock: Powerful; well angled, not steep.
  • Rear feet: A little longer than the front; also closed fingers, bulky and heavy.

Movement:

The Rottweiler is a m, remaining your back strong and with little movement. The development of the movement is harmonious, insurance, with force and free, with wide steps.

Mantle

SKIN: Skin tight head throughout the area; form small wrinkles on the forehead when the dog is at attention.

HAIR: Composed of outer layer and internal NAP. The external layer hair is medium long, hard, thick and tight; internal NAP must not protrude beyond the external hair. In the hind, the hair is a little longer.

COLOR: Negro, with well-defined fire marks of a bright pardo-rojizo color on the cheeks, snout, throat, chest and members, as well as above the eyes and under the tail.



Size and weight:

Males:

  • Height to the cross: 61-68 cm..
  • Of 61 to 62 cm.: small; of 63-64 cm.: medium-.
  • Of 65-66 cm.: large (correct size); of 67-68 cm.: very large.
  • Weight: Approximate: 50 kg.

females:

  • Height to the cross: 56-63 cm..
  • Of 56 to 57 cm.: small; of 58 to 59 cm.: medium.
  • Of 60-61 cm.: large (correct size); of 62-63 cm.: very large.
  • Weight: Approximate: 42 kg.


Fouls:

Any deviation from the aforementioned criteria is considered as a fault and the severity of this is considered to the degree of the deviation to the standard and its consequences on the health and well-being of the dog..

General appearance: Lightweight overall appearance, fragile; too high limb; weak bones and muscles.

  • Head: Head of hounds, narrow, light; too short or too long, Tosca; Flat front; absent or little noticeable stop.
  • Snout: Pointed or long; split nose; borrego type nose cane (convex), or depressed (concave); drooping nasal bridge (eagle); Truffle stained or color clear.
  • Lips: Not together, pink or stained; Open the lips angle.
  • Jaws: Narrow jaw.
  • Teeth: Bite of iron.
  • Cheeks: Very prominent.
  • Eyes: clear, deep, bulging or round. Loose eyelids.
  • Ears: Too low, heavy, long, drooping, bent backwards, as well as separate the size of the uniform.
  • Neck: Too long, delgado, weak muscles, with loose skin or dewlap.
  • Body: Too long, too short, Strait.
  • Back: Too long, weak, past due or outstanding (convex).
  • Rump: Drop, too short, long or straight.
  • Breast : Chest with a flat rib, barrel or Strait, backwards.
  • Tail: Too high or too low implementation.
  • Former members: Close together, not straight; steep shoulder; elbows not quite clinging to the body or separated; too long forearms, short or steep; weak or steep Metacarpus; crushed feet; very flat fingers, destitute or very bulky; Nail Color clear.
  • Later members: Flat thighs; closed or cow type tips; the very acute or obtuse angles of the joints; Spurs.
  • Skin: The wrinkled facial skin.
  • Fur: Soft; too short or too long, wavy; absence of internal NAP.
  • Color: Wrong color marks, too big, or not clearly defined.

MISS PLAYOFFS

  • Behavior: Shy animals, shy, cowards, aggressive, overly suspicious, nervous and afraid of shots that show.
  • General appearance: Marked investment in the sexual nature (that the male presents female characteristics or vice versa).
  • Teeth: Upper or lower prognathism, incisor arcade deviated; absence of an incisor tooth, Tusk, a premolar or a molar.
  • Eyes: Entropion, ectropion, yellow eyes; anisochromia (eyes of different colour).
  • Tail: Quebrada, threaded, strongly diverted laterally.
  • Fur: Markedly long or wavy.
  • Color: Any discrepancy from the characteristic black color with reddish-brown spots; white spots.
  • Any dog ​​showing clear signs of physical or behavioral abnormalities must be disqualified..


N.B.:
  • Males should have two normal-appearing testicles fully descended into the scrotum..
  • Only functionally and clinically healthy dogs, with the typical conformation of the breed, should be used for parenting.

TRANSLATION: Federation Canófila Mexicana a.c..

The latest changes are in bold.

Source: F.C.I - International Cynological Federation

Alternative names:

1. Rott, Rottie (English).
2. Rottweiler (French).
3. Rottweiler Metzgerhund (German).
4. Rottweiler Metzgerhund (Portuguese).
5. Rottie, Rott (español).

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Central Asian Shepherd Dog
Rusia FCI 335 - Molossoid . Mountain

Pastor de Asia Central

The Central Asian Shepherd Dog It is a cat with dog skin, sensitive and partner.

Content

History

The dog Central Asian Shepherd Dog (среднеазиатская овчарка or Sredneaziatskaya Ovtcharka, also known as, Volkodav or The Crusher Wolf) is recognized by the FCI, as a breed of molosser dog Russia, where most of the copies.

Russian cynological clubs agree that this is one of the most popular breeds in the country, on many occasions, considering it the number 1 in the ranking of Russian dog breeds.

The Central Asian Shepherd Dog It probably originated in a geographical area between the Urals, the Caspian Sea, Asia minor, and the Northwest of the border of China. The Central Asian Shepherd Dog, as well as mixtures with other breeds, yet, can be found in their countries of origin, as Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan, Afghanistan, Uzbekistan and neighboring countries.

Some serve as guardians of livestock, some protect their owners, and some are used for dog fighting, which is a national tradition in many countries of the region. Russian scientists and biologists have studied the local dog population since the 18th century., so far.

After the Communist revolution, the Soviet Government focused on the working dog breeds for the Red Army, and imported the best representatives of the race to Russia accordance with the requirements of the army and guard dogs. For decades, This practice has harmed the local population. In addition to a large number of casualties, the introduction of new breeds to the region led to crossbreeding. With the time, purebred dogs were only left with some pastors and race enthusiasts, but in other places there was an excess of crosses.

But, and despite all, today the population of purebred dogs Central Asian Shepherd Dog remains stable, in general, and the reproduction of some true quality dogs that do honor to his capacity for work has been, regardless of country of origin.

In Europe, the Central Asian Shepherd Dog is relatively unknown, but in the countries of Central Asia it is still used as a working dog and accompanies shepherds on their walks through the steppes.

Physical characteristics

This breed has many varieties that differ in the size, the color, head types, and the types of fur. For these reasons it is very difficult to establish an official standard of the breed.

The Central Asian Shepherd Dog it is a dog of large or medium size, of rough constitution and strong musculature. Its coat is composed of the hard and smooth top layer and the abundant and dense inner layer. The top layer can be short (3 – 5 cm.) or slightly longer (7 – 10 cm.). With a longer top layer forms a distinctive mane around the neck. Due to a well developed undercoat and different lengths of the top coat, dogs adapt well to different weather conditions.

The coat color of the Central Asian Shepherd Dog it's very diverse: it comes in the colors white, black, grey, red fox, Brown grey, straw yellow, mackerel, spotted and mottled.

The ears are triangular, low-set and pendulous. The tail is thick at the base and set quite high. The natural tail is long and is carried like a sickle tail. Tail and ear docking is still practiced in the countries of origin.

Although there are unique characteristics of the purebred breed of dog Central Asian Shepherd Dog, such as being extremely flexible, This is very notable in their joints, have false ribs, the very strong neck and a large Chin.

Some have a black mask. The head is very solid, the neck is of low insertion, short, with double chin. The body is quite broad and proportionate with very flat muscles.. The ribcage appears very long, because they have their famous false ribs. The legs are straight, typical movement is a gallop.

He has expressive eyes, almost human, revealing his inimitable intelligence.

According to the qualities of work required by the owners, the modern Pastor of Central Asia has been raised in different directions, trying to highlight specific skills. Within the traditional area of origin of these canes, the dog fights were always, but they were never so cruel and destructive as the fights of type Pit Bull Terrier.

Every year the shepherds of the area would gather to organize dog fights Central Asian Shepherd, but unlike the bloody and ruthless fights of which we are used to hearing news, in this case they were fighting for the guardianship of a herd, and the winner was the dog that eventually, it was done with the control of it. It was about 'domination' instead of destroying each other's own kind.

Dogs rarely hurt each other, minor scratches were caused in most cases. only true leaders, In fact, you measured through a real fight, but that was not the most common. The primary task of these dogs has always been the defence of the flock to the attacks of various predators and venomous snakes.

The Pastor of Central Asia, It is one of the most powerful group of livestock guardian dogs dogs, after the Caucasian Shepherd Dog, the Kangal, Akbash, for example.

The height at the cross 60 to 65 cm.. And weigh in 37 to 50 kg.

Character and skills

In the news, rural people continue to demand and use the Central Asian Shepherd Dog like cattle watchdog, Although not as well as old.

These dogs, to varying degrees, are protectors against human intruders, they are very territorial, excellent with children, shall ensure them as if were his flock were. Love and respect for older people are some of its characteristics, to protect all small animals from predators, they are very kind and attached with the members of the family.

They do not need any complicated training to learn the basic rules of the house but they are quite stubborn and very independent dogs., the Central Asian Shepherd Dog It must be able to work as a team to protect sheep against predators, therefore, If the animal has an overly aggressive character, both other dogs as with people outside the family, they cannot be members of a Pack, and it would not pass the simple test for the fulfillment of the object origin of the race.

The Central Asian Shepherd Dog can come from build lines which print a very different character: of work, combat, and livestock guardian, and act accordingly, regardless of the country of origin.

According to the different kennel clubs, the classification within the groups varies, The Russian Kennel Club classifies the Central Asian Shepherd Dog like a working dog, that is reflected in the exceptional results in obedience, protection and training relating to the army.

Modern reproduction of the main Canine Clubs of Russia requirements, require to register copies of Central Asian Shepherd Dog a mandatory temperament test and an accredited training certificate, Besides show rating. In these tests the ability of the dog stands for fit and adapt to dog guardians shepherds of other flocks, not be cause for conflict between dogs. The FCI classifies Central Asian Shepherd Dog in the group of dogs Molossoid.

While it is a good dog to live, We must not forget that the Pastor of Central Asia is a livestock protection dog, people and possessions, He was raised to solve single problems, is independent-minded, strong, brave and responsible.

It is a large but agile dog, sometimes described as a cat with dog skin, for that reason, and taking into account his strong instinct for protection and territoriality, It may not be a recommended breed for a novice owner.

Sensitive and Intelligent, the Central Asian Shepherd Dog You will respond better to someone who can inspire loyalty in you as well as strong leadership..

Heavy-handed training will be counterproductive with this breed, but respectful training, reflexive will result in a dedicated and inseparable companion.

The Central Asian Shepherd Dog he spent a considerable amount of time moving around in his homeland, and this kind of slow but steady exercise is what he likes more.

With a work to be done and a piece of property to protect, is the highest point of happiness and will always keep an eye on everything that happens.

Central Asian Shepherd Dog Health

the breed is still considered very healthy and extremely robust. Owners should not fear the typical diseases of the breed. But, from time to time, like in all big dogs, joint problems occur, especially on the knees.

Central Asian Shepherd Nutrition

Although many joint diseases are inherited, symptoms can often be prevented or at least relieved with the help of proper diet and posture. Particularly in the growth phase of dogs, care must be taken that animals do not shoot too fast. Too rapid growth due to excessive protein intake in the growing months is considered one of the most common causes of later joint diseases. In addition to a fairly low protein food, given in small amounts about three or four times a day, young dogs should also be physically preserved during this phase. Stairs or long walks should be avoided..

Meat as the main component of food

When the Central Asian Shepherd Dog is fully developed, the protein content of the feed can be increased again. The main component of dog food should be – like in all dogs – high quality meat. It can be cooked or raw or, if industrially produced food mixtures are used, can be dry or wet. Regardless of the feeding method preferred by the respective owner, it is important that the content and composition of the food is adapted to the needs of the dog. According to age, sex, size, activity level and living environment, the composition of the necessary nutrients can vary considerably. There is no correct food for Central Asian Shepherd Dog.

How much food does he need? Central Asian Shepherd Dog?

Nor can the question of the amount of food for all dogs of this breed be answered in general. If the composition of the food is correct, the Central Asian Shepherd Dog can cope with surprisingly small portions. So, two meals a day are usually enough for an adult dog, which should be given at fixed times if possible. Portions too large, too many "snacks" between meals and not resting after feeding can increase the risk of stomach torsion.

Central Asian Shepherd Dog care

Like nomadic dog, the Central Asian Shepherd Dog it's quite undemanding, this applies not only to the size of your food portions, but also in your care. Short to medium length coat proves to be very resistant and requires little grooming. But, should be brushed regularly to remove dirt and maintain healthy hair structure. The claws should also be trimmed to avoid injury and teeth, ears and eyes should be checked and cleaned regularly.

Central Asian Shepherd Dog Education

The purchase of a Central Asian Shepherd Dog must be well considered – although this applies to all breeds of dogs, it is especially true for this breed from Central Asia. It is not a family dog ​​in the classical sense nor is it suitable for a city life. This freedom-loving and independent dog finds it difficult to cope with living conditions in European industrial nations.

Who is this breed suitable for?

In the hands of livestock keepers and keepers who live in remote and isolated places, this protective dog of the pack is still in the best hands. Also people who live far from the city, own a large lot and wish to have a capable watchdog, can be considered as owners of this Central Asian Shepherd Dog. But, experience and some knowledge in dog training should be prerequisites to keep this breed. It also, an owner needs above all time and patience, because the socialization and education of this self-confident four-legged friend, who doesn't think much about blind obedience, It is hard work. How Central Asian dogs tend to dominate, they need a trainer who constantly sets limits for them and who shows them with the necessary empathy (not to be confused with willingness to compromise) that it is worth trusting and following your human.

Can a harmonious coexistence succeed?

The Central Asian Shepherd Dog certainly not a family dog ​​in the classical sense, so its maintenance as a pure house and companion dog is absolutely inadvisable. This does not mean that a Owtscharka can't live together with humans. In a family that appreciates its natural instinct for vigilance and protection and gives it its original task of guarding the house, the yard and the cattle, the Central Asian Shepherd Dog is quite adaptable and human-oriented. A basic socialization, that is to say, early contact with other people and animals, is as important to harmonious coexistence as sufficient opportunities for running and consistent parenting.

Central Asian Shepherd Dog Pictures

Central Asian Shepherd Dog Videos

Type and recognitions:

  • FCI CLASSIFICATION:
  • Group :
  • Section : . .

Federations:

  • FCI – Pinscher and Schnauzer-Molossoid type dogs – Swiss Mountain Dogs and Cattledogs. Section 2.2 Molossoid, mountain type.
  • AKC – FSS
  • ANKC – Group 6 (utility dogs)
  • NZKC – Utility dog
  • UKC – Watchdog

FCI breed standard "Central Asian Shepherd Dog"

Origin:
Russia

Date of publication of the valid original standard:
13.10.2010

Use:

Guard and surveillance dog.



General appearance:

The Central Asian Shepherd Dog is of a harmonious build and great stature, moderately long (never with a long or short body). Robust and muscular body, bulky but not with visible muscles.

Clearly defined sexual dimorphism. Males are thicker and more courageous than females with a more pronounced cross and a larger head.. Full maturity is reached at the age of three.

IMPORTANT PROPORTIONS: The length of the body only slightly exceeds its height at the withers. Increased height is desired but proportional structure must remain. Length of forelimbs to elbows is 50 – 52% the height at the withers.

The length of the snout is less than ½ the length of the head but more than 1/3.



Behavior / temperament:

Self-confidence, silent, balanced, proud and independent. Dogs have great courage and high capacity for work, resistance and a natural instinct for territoriality. Courage in the face of large predators is one of its characteristics

Head:

Solid and well balanced with the overall appearance. The shape of the head is rectangular, top and side view.

Cranial region:
  • Skull: deep. The antecara is flat and the skull area is flat and long. Occiput well defined but hardly visible due to well-developed musculature. Supraorbital arch moderately defined.
  • Depression links (Stop): Moderately defined.

facial region:

  • Truffle: Grand, well developed but not exceeding the general outline of the muzzle. The color is black but in white and beige dogs the truffle may be somewhat lighter.
  • Snout: The muzzle is blunt and of moderate length., it is rectangular seen from above and the sides tapering slightly towards the nose. The muzzle is bulky, deep and well filled under the eyes. Wide nasal bridge, straight and sometimes slightly sunken. Well developed chin.
  • Lips: Thick. Upper lip tight, covering the bottom when the mouth is closed. Full black pigmentation preferred.
  • Jaws / Teeth: The jaws are strong and wide. Teeth are big, white and next to each other, 42 in total. Incisors positioned aligned. Scissor bite accepted, reverse clip and scissors. Canines positioned well apart. An injury to a tooth that does not affect the use of the bite is of no consequence.
  • Cheeks: Cheek bones are long and well developed, without interfering with the straight rectangular shape of the head.
  • Eyes: Medium size, oval-shaped, placed well apart, looking well ahead. Moderately sunken placement. Eye color from dark brown to hazel. Darker color is preferred. The eyelids are thick and preferably with the lower eyelid not too loose. The third eyelid should not be visible. The edge of the eyelids is preferred fully pigmented. Whatever the hair color, the eyelids must be black. His expression is confident and dignified.
  • Ears: Medium size, Triangular shape, thick, low insert and pendants. Your lower level or slightly below your eyes. Traditionally amputated ears as illustrated on the first page, which is practiced in the country of origin and in countries where it is not prohibited by law.

Neck:

Neck is medium length, very strong, oval transversely, well muscled and low set. The dewlap is a characteristic of the breed.

Body:

  • top line: Well proportioned and well sustained. In the posture you must maintain the typical upper line.
  • Cross: Well defined, especially in males, muscle, long and tall with a well defined transition to the back.
  • Back: Straight, width, good muscular; the length is ½ of the length of the withers to the insertion of the tail.
  • Pork loin: Short, width, muscle, slightly arched.
  • Rump: Moderately long, wide, well muscled, slightly inclined towards the tail insert. Height at withers exceeds height above hip in 1 – 2 cm..
  • Breast : Deep, long, width, well developed, rib cage widening to the posterior. False long rib. Lower chest at elbow level or slightly below. The forechest extends slightly in front of the humerus/scapula joint.
  • Bottom line and belly: Moderately retracted abdomen.

Tail:

Thick at the base and somewhat high insertion. The natural tail is carried curved in the shape of a sickle or curved in a loose ring that begins in its last third.. When alert, the tail rises to the level of the back or slightly higher. Traditionally the tail is docked in the illustrated manner which is practiced in the country of origin or in countries where it is not prohibited by law.. Natural glue is valued the same as amputated.

Tips

PREVIOUS MEMBERS:

  • General appearance: Right members of strong bones, viewed from the front parallel and not very close to each other. Seen on side, the forearm is straight.
  • Shoulder: Long scapula, well inclined, forming an angle with the forearm of approximately 100°. Well muscled.
  • Forearm: Oblique, long and strong.
  • Elbows: Tight fitting without turning in or out. Arm: Straight, very strong bone, long, oval transversely.
  • Metacarpus: Moderately long, width, strong, rights.
  • Previous feet: Large, rounded, arched toes, bulky and thick pads; nails can be any color.

LATER MEMBERS:

  • General appearance: Viewed from behind straight and parallel, placed somewhat more apart than the previous ones.
  • Thigh: Width, moderately long and with strong musculature.
  • Knee: Without turning neither inwards nor outwards. Its angulation is moderate.
  • Leg: Always the same length as the thigh.
  • The Hock joint: Moderately angled.
  • Metatarsals: Very strong and of moderate length, perpendicular. Without spurs.
  • Hind feet: Large, round, arched toes, bulky and thick pads; nails can be any color.

Movement:

Well balanced and elastic. Jog with free reach of the forelimbs and strong push from the rear. Top line remains firm during movement. All joints tilt effortlessly. The angulations of the posterior are more defined during the movement than during the stop..

Mantle

SKIN: Thick, loose enough to prevent injury during combat against predators.

  • Fur: Abundant, smooth, thick with well-developed inner hair. The hair on the head and on the front of the limbs is short and thick.. The hair on the cross is sometimes longer. Outer hair may be short or slightly longer. Depending on the length of the outer hair there may be shorter hair (3 – 5 cm.), covering the entire body or longer hair (7-10 cm.) forming a mane on the neck, feathers behind the ears and on the back of the limbs and on the tail.
  • Color: All except genetic blue or genetic brown in any combination and black cloak on fire.


Size and weight:

Height to the cross:

  • Males: Minimum 70 cm..
  • females: Minimum 65 cm..

The largest size is desired but the proportional structure remains.

Weight:

  • Males: Minimum 50 Kg.
  • females: Minimum 40 Kg


Fouls:

Any deviation from the aforementioned criteria is considered as a fault and the severity of this is considered to the degree of the deviation to the standard and its consequences on the health and well-being of the dog..

  • Slight deviation from the typicality of the breed.
  • Females with male type tendencies.
  • Rounded skull, narrow snout, narrow lower jaw, small nose.
  • Oblique eye placement or eyes close together, loose eyelids.
  • High insertion of the ears.
  • Thin or hanging lips.
  • Height above rump. Slightly short rump.
  • Narrow forehead.
  • Exaggerated angulations of the posterior.
  • Open foot and long toes.
  • Hackney movement, slightly unbalanced movement.
  • Too short hair.

SERIOUS FAULTS:

  • Too nervous.
  • Significant deviations from the type and structure required.
  • Long-limbed appearance, Lightweight bones, soft muscles.
  • Very light eyes or protruding eyes.
  • Top line descended.
  • Croup much higher than the cross.
  • Narrow rump, short and steep.
  • Naturally short tail, broken tail.
  • Very high metacarpus, low.
  • Hindquarters placed too far apart under the body.
  • Height to the cross 2 cm less than the minimum required in the standard.

FALTAS DESCALIFICANTES:

  • Aggressiveness or extreme shyness.
  • Any dog ​​showing clear signs of physical or behavioral abnormalities must be disqualified..
  • Shy or overexcited.
  • Male female type.
  • Prognathic or clearly enognathic bite.
  • Different colored eyes, blue or green eyes, bizco.
  • Loose joints.
  • Hair of any combination of genetic brown or genetic blue.
  • Fire color with a black cloak.
  • Cloak the soft or smooth.
  • Unbalanced movement.


N.B.:

Males should have two normal-appearing testicles fully descended into the scrotum..

Only functionally and clinically healthy dogs, with the typical conformation of the breed, should be used for parenting.

Source: F.C.I - International Cynological Federation

Alternative names:

1. Alabai, Central Asian Ovtcharka, CAO Aziat (English).
2. Chien de berger d’Asie centrale (French).
3. Zentralasiatischer Owtscharka (German).
4. Türkmen Alabaý, mastim-da-ásia-central (Portuguese).
5. Perro Pastor de Asia Central (español).

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St. Bernard
Suiza FCI 61 - Molossoid . Mountain

San Bernardo

The St. Bernard It is very affectionate and has an innate sense of relief especially in the snow.

Content

History

The St. Bernard It is a breed of dog whose name in other languages: St. Very, Bernhardiner, Chien du Saint-Bernard, Saint Bernard Dog.

According to breed historians, the St. Bernard, descended from the ancient molossians Asian, whose ancestral form was and is represented by the Tibetan Mastiff.

A team of researchers from the University of Manchester, directed by Chris Klingenberg of the Faculty of biological sciences, reviewed 47 skulls of St. Bernard donated by Swiss breeders to the Natural History Museum in Bern covering a period of 120 years, from modern copies until those old dogs of the time that was initially defined the standard of the breed. It was found that the traits stipulated in the breed standard of the St. Bernard have become more exaggerated over time, as breeders selected dogs that had the desired physical attributes.

Compared to their ancestors, the St. Bernard modern has the widest skull, the angle between the nose and the forehead more pronounced, and also a more significant bump over the eyes. These changes are described exactly as desired in the breed standards. Clearly, not due to other factors such as overall growth, since they do not provide the animal with any physical advantage, so we can be sure of have evolved only by selective breeders considerations.

This research shows how the selection, either natural or in this case artificially influenced by the man, It is the fundamental driving force behind the evolution of life on the planet.

In the year 923 born Bernard of Menthon in Menton, region of Savoy (France), which he became Archdeacon of Aosta, in the Italian Alps, dedicated to spreading the Christian faith among the inhabitants of the Alps. In one of these Alpine passes was founded in the year 1049 the Hospice of the Gran San Bernardo, to help, help and shelter to hikers who were the step. The Holy, Catholic scholar and theologian, He was part of the Cistercian order or better known as Trappist, as fellow (the Trappist monks) in Switzerland they had a dog of this breed as a companion around the 16th century.

In the great Mount St mountain pass. Bernhard, to 2.469 meters above the sea level, monks founded in the 11th century, a hospice for travellers and pilgrims. there they were raised, Since the mid-17TH century, big mountain dogs for guard and surveillance. The existence of those dogs is documented graphically from 1695 written in a chronicle of the Hospice from the year 1707.

These dogs were soon used as guard dogs and, especially, as rescue dogs for travellers lost in the fog and snow.

There are chronicles published in many languages ​​about the numerous lives that were saved by these dogs from the "white death" and stories of soldiers who crossed the mountain pass with Napoleon Bonaparte towards 1800, in the 19th century, they spread the dog's fame for St. Bernard all over Europe.

Already called at that time «Barry Hund«, And the legendary «Barry»It became the symbol of the rescue dog. The direct ancestors of the dog of St. Bernard were the very widespread oversized dogs, peasants of the region. These large dogs became only a few generations, an ideal pattern, in the current race.

As a result of an international cynological congress held on 2 in June of 1887, the dog of St. Bernard was officially recognized as a Swiss breed and the breed standard became mandatory. Since then the San Bernardo dog became the "Swiss national dog".

Heinrich Schumacher Holligen, was the first, in 1867 creating genealogical documents for their dogs. In February of 1884 The «Schweizerische Hundestammbuch” (Swiss races book, SHSB). The first entry was that of St. Bernard «León», followed by other 28 annotations also of dogs of St. Bernard. The 15 in March of 1884 The «Schweizerische St. Bernhardsclub» (Swiss Dog Club St. Bernard) in Basel.

Physical characteristics

The Saint Bernard, is classified in the Group 2: Dog type Pinscher and Schnauzer, Molosoides and mountain dogs and Swiss Cattle Dogs, and other races; section 2; Molossoid, 2.2 Type mountain (without working trial). Of the FCI (Federation Cynologique Internationale).

There are two varieties of the dog St. Bernard:

  • The variety of short hair (double hair, Stockhaar).
  • The long-haired variety.

Two varieties are of great stature and of a noble general appearance; they have a vigorous body, robust, harmonic and muscular, as well as an imposing head with an expression of attention on the face.

The cross appeal is, minimum of 70 cm for males and 65 cm for females. The FCI standard sets a maximum of 90 cm for males and 80 cm for females (dogs exceeding the maximum height is not devaluarán if its general aspect is harmonic and its proper motion).

In general the size is defined as:

  • «Very large«, to be optimal in San Bernardo, When exceeds the 86 cm in males and the 80 cm in females.
  • «Grand»When it goes from 82 to 86 cm in males and 75 to 80 cm in females.
  • «Media»When it goes from 78 to 82 cm in males and 70 to 75 cm in females.
  • «Small»When it goes from 70 to 78 cm in males and 65 to 70 cm in females.

In it "golden period of St. Bernard” (1920-1940) were very rarely seen in exposures lower males to 80 Switzerland cm, of Germany, in the Netherlands and the subjects were not so rare above the 90 cm..

Also currently a good San Bernardo to access the championship would never have to be -with some exceptions- below the 80-82 cm and abundantly exceed such limit to reach above if possible the maximum of the German Mastiff and of the Irish Wolfhound but with greater volume, greater length of the trunk and heavier, course.

Character and skills

The dog's St. Bernard radiates calm and tranquility. He is balanced and self-confident.. Despite its imposing size, it is sensitive and has a gentle nature. His "stubbornness" is typical of this race, not only in appearance. The St. Bernard is trustworthy and kind, even with strangers. There is hardly a dog that has such a tolerant and balanced nature. Quietly he lets himself be caressed and understood by children he does not know. There is hardly a dog as fond of children as the St. Bernard. Nothing seems to bother him.

But, has an alert protective instinct. Defends his family and territory inflexible and extremely effective. One St. Bernard healthy and well socialized never loses control. It is not a barking dog and will stop any intruder quietly and abruptly. How do you like to live outside, still suitable as a guard and protection dog – but it is not in any way a dog to be in a kennel. The basis of this is the close connection with your human family, who should be the center of attention. Because he is affectionate and needs a lot of contact with humans as well as with other dogs.. After all, the close connection with his master is the decisive basis of his education.

Due to its size and strength, a St. Bernard a dog is not for beginners. It also, its maintenance is – as with all big dogs – very complex. If you want to buy a dog from St. Bernard, You must first be clear about some basic things:

The extreme dimensions bring with them quite practical problems. This starts with the car. And what if the adult giant is sick or cannot walk for a while due to age?? The St. Bernard not a dog for an apartment. The floor of the house should not be slippery. The dog should not have to climb the stairs frequently. To the St. Bernard he likes to travel; not an athlete, and take it easy. In the interest of your fitness, one should ensure that he exercises outdoors every day. Ideally, a St. Bernard stay in the field.

St. Bernard Education

To have fun with your dog St. Bernard, consistent education from the puppy's age is a basic requirement. 60 and more kilos of stubbornness, reluctantly following instructions, it's not a fun thing. Also keep in mind that the St. Bernard It, in case of doubt, much stronger than any well-trained man.

A deep and intimate bond with your caregiver is the basis of education, never difficulties or coercion. As puppies it must be carried with a stoic consistency. In his youth, the St. Bernard they are usually very lively and challenge the leadership of their humans. But, the dog of St. Bernard can be well educated. His calm and kind nature even forgives this or that mistake. But a solid education foundation with clear rules for daily life is an absolute prerequisite for your future attitude..

St. Bernard health and care

Coat care is simple. Regular brushing is enough. During the change of coat, twice a year, everything is a little more complex.

The main health problem of St. Bernard is the extreme breeding, breeding for gigantism. Puppies and young dogs of such breeding already grow too fast. So, it's about body coordination problems. Epilepsy and other diseases accompany the giant that is becoming. Life expectancy decreases dramatically. The enormous growth and associated rapid weight gain is an extreme challenge for the entire body.. The dog's fingerprint is not designed for such giants. the heads, however "typical" they seem, they have also been raised to be unhealthy and powerful, which can cause problems at birth.

One should pay attention to the eyes: Droopy eye or droopy eyelid is a widespread problem, especially with particularly powerful heads, that requires lifelong care and can seriously damage the eyes. Professor Distl of the Hannover University of Veterinary Medicine considers the St. Bernard as one of the breeds in which epilepsy is more common. Various types of cancer such as osteosarcoma also appear to be common in St. Bernard. The breed is strongly affected by dysplasia of the hip joint, as well as other skeletal diseases.

Nutrition / Food

Puppies and young dogs, they grow very fast, require expert guidance for proper nutrition. At the same time, attention should be paid to controlled exercise, neither too much nor too little. In the adult Saint Bernard there is a risk of stomach torsion. Otherwise, as with any big dog, the same applies to food: good and hearty.

The life expectancy of a St. Bernard

The legendary Barry I had 14 years, 10 of which he spent them on active rescue service in the Gran San Bernardo. Today is different, made by the man. Today, the St. Bernard is one of the dogs with the lowest life expectancy. The colossi of today reach only 6 to 8 years. Only very rarely does he reach an age of 10 years or more. On the other hand, a St. Bernard raised healthy with a weight lower than 70 kg is a robust dog and, despite its size, very frugal, without problems can live 10 years.

Buy a St. Bernard dog

Before buying a St. Bernard, you should check very carefully if you really have all the requirements to be able to spend many wonderful years with this giant. Only when all this clears up, a breeder must be found and contacted long before purchase. Special importance must be given to the fact that the breeder avoids exaggeration. Dogs in your kennel should not be large or too heavy. Also the heads should not be too powerful. It also, make sure that no epilepsy occurred in the ancestors. In any case, it should be clear that a puppy is only bought directly from a serious breeder. Better pay a few hundred euros more for a puppy from a serious breeder. These euros have a good opportunity to become the best investment of your life. Coming from a serious upbringing, a puppy of St. Bernard costs between 1.500 and 2.000 EUR.

Characteristics "St. Bernard"

Coexistence is important that you have with your new friend. Before considering the acquisition of a dog of the breed "St. Bernard" you know certain factors. Not all breeds of dogs are apt to live in an apartment, you must take into account his character, their need for exercise, their interaction with other pets, their care and if you have small children, their level of tolerance towards them.

Adaptation ⓘ

4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

friendly dog ​​ⓘ

5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

hair loss ⓘ

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Affection level ⓘ

5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Need for exercise ⓘ

2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Social need ⓘ

4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Home ⓘ

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Toilet ⓘ

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Friendly with strangers ⓘ

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

barking ⓘ

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Health ⓘ

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Territorial ⓘ

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Cat friendly ⓘ

5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Intelligence ⓘ

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Versatility ⓘ

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Child friendly ⓘ

5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Surveillance ⓘ

2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

joy ⓘ

5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

St. Bernard Images

St. Bernard Videos

Type and recognitions:

  • FCI CLASSIFICATION:
  • Group :
  • Section : . .

Federations:

  • FCI – Pinscher and Schnauzer-Molossoid type dogs – Swiss Mountain Dogs and Cattledogs. Section 2.2 Molossoid, mountain type.
  • AKC – Workgroup
  • ANKC – Group 6 (utility dogs)
  • CKC – Workgroup
  • ​KC – Workgroup
  • NZKC – Utility dog
  • UKC – Watchdog

FCI breed standard "St. Bernard"

Origin:
Switzerland

Date of publication of the valid original standard:
04.04.2016.

Use:

Company, Guard and Farm Dog.



General appearance:

There are two varieties of San Bernardo:

  • Variety of short hair (double mantle, "Stockhaar")
  • Long hair variety.

The two varieties are considerable size and an impressive general appearance. They have a balanced body, powerful, Strong and muscular with an impressive head and a facial expression alert.

IMPORTANT PROPORTIONS

  • The desired proportion between the height of the cross and the length of the body (measured from the tip of the shoulder to the tip of the buttock) is of 9 : 10.
  • The desired proportion between the height to the cross and the depth of the chest is reflected in the sketch of the beginning.
  • The total length of the head is slightly larger than a third of the height of the cross.
  • The proportion between the depth of the snout (measured at its root) And its length is approximately 2 : 1.
  • The length of the snout is slightly larger than the third part of the length of the head.


Behavior / temperament:

Friendly by nature. Quiet temperament to cheerful; vigilant.

Head:

Powerful, imposing and very expressive.

Cranial region:
  • Skull: Strong and wide. Seen from the front and profile the top part of the skull is slightly domed. When is the dog at attention, The insertion of the ears forms a straight line with the upper part of the skull which laterally has a soft curvature towards high and strongly developed cheeks. The inclination from forehead to well steep snout. The occipital Protuberance should shortly be accented. The orbitals above arches strongly developed. Clearly marked front Groove starts on the forehead and extends to the top of the head. Skin from the forehead over the eyes forms slight folds that converge toward the central sulcus. When is the dog at attention, they are usually almost imperceptible.
  • Depression links (Stop): Strongly pronounced.

facial region:

  • Truffle: Wide and square with well marked angles, well open nostrils. The truffles must be black.
  • Snout: Uniformly wide. Nasal helm straight with a slight furrow in the Center.
  • Belfos: Pigmented edges of black. The Belfos of the upper jaw must be highly developed, shoulder straps, but not too pendants; they form a wide arc towards the nose. The corners must be visible.
  • Jaws/Teeth: Upper and lower jaws strong, wide and the same length.
  • Bitescissors or well developed clamp, regular and complete. It allows light lower prognathism, provided that the incisors do not lose contact. The absence of the PM1 is tolerated (premolars 1) and the M3.
  • Eyes: Medium-sized, they can be dark brown to hazelnut; moderately sunken. friendly expression. The edges of the eyelids are completely Pigmented.
  • A full closure is desirable, natural. Is allowed a small fold on the bottom with little visible conjunctival eyelid and a small crease on the upper eyelid.
  • Ears: Medium-sized, high and wide insertion. Highly developed Pavilion. Lobes soft triangle with rounded tip. The back edge is slightly separated from the head, While the above should be set to the cheeks.

Neck:

Strong and good long. The double chin neck and throat, moderately developed.

Body:

  • As a whole: The general impression should be, harmonica, well muscled and imposing.
  • Cross: Well developed.
  • Back: Wide, powerful and strong. The upper line is straight and level to the lumbar region.
  • Rump: Long, slightly descending with a harmonious transition to the insertion of the tail.
  • Breast : Moderately deep chest with well sprung ribs, but not abarriladas. You must not get below the elbows.
  • Abdomen and lower line: Slight upward backward.

Tail:

Of wide and strong base, It should be long and heavy.
  • The last vertebra must reach at least the corvejón joint. At rest you must hang straight or slightly curved up in the last third. In State care may be higher.


Tips

Former members:

  • As a whole: Seen from the front, rather wide position. Members must be straight and parallel.
  • Shoulder: Inclined scapula, muscular and firmly attached to the body.
  • Arm: As long as the scapula. The angle between the scapula and the arm must not be too open.
  • Elbow: Attached to the body.
  • Forearm: Straight, strong bone and muscles dry.
  • Metacarpus: Seen from the front must be vertical in its extension to the forearm. Viewed laterally must be slightly oblique.
  • Front feet: Widths, with strong fingers, together robust and highly arched.

Later members:

  • As a whole: Moderately angled rear limbs and muscled. Seen from the rear must be parallel and not together.
  • Thigh: Robust, muscular and wide.
  • Knee: Well angled and not turn inward or outward.
  • Leg: Fairly long and oblique.
  • Hocks: Moderately angled and strong.
  • Metatarsals: Seen from the back as straight and parallel.
  • Hind feet: Widths, with strong fingers, together robust and highly arched. The Spurs are tolerated if not they interfere with normal movement.

Movement:

Harmonic, long steps. Good push from the hind limbs. The back remains firm and stable. The previous and subsequent members must advance in a straight line when walking.

Mantle

  • Short hair (double hair): Dense outer layer, smooth and stuck to the body. Internal NAP thick. Thighs with fringes of not very notable hairs. Tail with thick hair.
  • Long hair: Outer layer of hairs of medium length, smooth. Abundant internal NAP. On the hip and rump, the hair can be somewhat wavy. Thighs with fringes of abundant hair and forelimbs with flags. Face and ears with short hair. Tail with abundant bushy hair.

COLOR: The basic color is white with reddish brown spots smaller or larger (spotted dogs), to form a continuous blanket of uninterrupted reddish brown on the back and flanks (dogs with mantle). This mantle interrupted by white veins have the same value. The reddish brown tabby is allowed. The yellowish-brown is tolerated. The dark brown on the head is much appreciated. Will tolerate some light traces of black color on the body.

  • Major brands: Sill, feet, the tail, nose cane, headband and nape.
  • Desirable markings: White collar.
  • dark mask symmetrical.


Size and weight:

Minimum height:

  • Males: 70 cm..
  • females: 65 cm..

Maximum height:

  • Males: 90 cm..
  • females: 80 cm..
  • Dogs exceeding the maximum height is not devaluarán in its judging if their general appearance is harmonious and correct movement.


Fouls:

Any deviation from the above mentioned criteria is considered as missing and the gravity of this is considered in proportion to the degree of deviation to the standard and its consequences on the health and well-being of the dog.

  • Characteristics of sex not sufficiently developed.
  • Non-harmonic overall appearance.
  • Very short relative to the height of the cross member.
  • Excess of folds in head and neck.
  • Muzzle too long or too short.
  • Belfos of lower jaw hanging and turned out.
  • Lack of teeth (except the PM1 and the M3) ; small teeth (especially the incisors).
  • Slight lower prognathism.
  • light eyes.
  • Eyelids too loose.
  • Back saddle or in tent.
  • Rump too high or too falling.
  • Tail coiled on top of the back.
  • Absence of white markings deemed important.
  • Curved or very returned former members out.
  • Later in the form of Coop members, de “X”, or too straight.
  • Faulty movement.
  • Curly hair.
  • Incomplete or lack of it in the truffle pigmentation, belfos, eyelids and around the nose.
  • Wrong basic color, small splashes or spots of wetwood color on white.

MISS PLAYOFFS

  • Fearful dogs, aggressiveness.
  • Upper prognathism, marked lower prognathism.
  • Blue eyes.
  • Entropion, ectropion.
  • Completely white or completely brown reddish coat (absence of the basic color).
  • Coat of a different color.
  • Dogs that do not reach the minimum height.
  • Any dog ​​showing clear signs of physical or behavioral abnormalities must be disqualified..


N.B.:

Males should have two normal-appearing testicles., fully descended into the scrotum.

  • This revised standard shall be applicable from April 2004.

TRANSLATION: Brígida Nestler.

Source: F.C.I - International Cynological Federation

Alternative names:

1. St. Bernhardog, Bernhardinner, Alpine Mastiff (archaic), Saint, Saint Bernard (English).
2. Grand-Saint-Bernard (French).
3. St. Bernhardshund, Chien du Saint-Bernard, Saint Bernard Dog, Perro San Bernardo (German).
4. Cão de São Bernardo (Portuguese).
5. Gran San Bernardo (español).

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Dogo Canario
España FCI 346 - Molossoid . Dogo

Dogo Canario

The aggressiveness of Dogo Canario should not be overly stimulated. It is an optimal guardian and defender without the need for training.

Content

History

The Dogo Canario It is a classic moloso. It is the offspring of an ancient and in this ancient form is only rarely found in Central Europe today.. It has many names: Presa Canario, Perro de Presa, Perro de Toro, Alano o Presa Canario. Dogs of the current type Dogo Canario they existed still ago 200 years everywhere. They were the old saupackers, bear teethers, guard dogs, butcher dogs, the ancestors of the current great danes, bulldogs, boxers and mastiffs. They are extremely strong and bulky dogs, that even today are summarized as molossers. They were already bred in ancient times and have always been highly appreciated. They were used on large farms, with livestock herds or for example on merchant ships such as guard and protection dogs, served as herding dogs and as hunting dogs for wild boar or bear. They served rulers like Hammurabi as war dogs, they had them carved in stone in full recognition does 3700 years.

Due to its strength, courage and determination, have been used as fighting dogs in the arenas of animal fighting since Roman times. Molossians have a commanding head with a rather short snout and long lips.. The ears are usually worn hanging. According to the traditions of antiquity in words and images, the main characteristics of the molossian have remained essentially the same for thousands of years, but in recent centuries and especially due to modern dog breeding, the classic type of molosser has been lost to some extent. In extreme cases strange shapes have been bred with many extremely short folds or snouts such as bulldogs or giants like him Great Dane or the Mastiff. The Dog is still raised in his homeland only for his performance at work.

So, chances are that the Dogo Canario still personify the type Molosoide as was common in the old days. It is clearly recognized as trotting, but does not suffer from cultivated exaggerations of any bodily characteristics or traits. Can only hope it stays that way. Unfortunately, breeders are very much at odds with Dogo Canario. They haven't even managed to agree on a name and a registry office. Since 1991 It has been officially considered as "The Canarian Presa Dog" among the natural symbols of the Canary Islands.. Meanwhile in 2001 the Spanish Ministry of Agriculture recognized these dogs as a national breed also under the name of Dogo Canario, the same dogs were then provisionally recognized as Dogo Canario by the world federation FCI in 2001 and finally in 2011. Other names are Perro de Presa y Alano. Alano It is an old word that means Great Dane.

Physical characteristics

The Dogo Canario, Perro de Presa, Perro de Toro, Alano o Presa Canario – all designations for the same four-legged friend – he is an elegant dog that radiates athletic power. He is an athletic, muscular, elongated but nevertheless typical molosser.

The skull-muzzle ratio is approximately 6:4. The upper lip rests a little flaccidly on the lower one. The eyes, medium-sized, they are oval and hazelnut, the ears, high, they are separated from each other and are shaped like a button; they are only amputated to remember their original function as a combat dog. The neck, long and muscular, shows a slight dewlap. The tail is implanted high: thick at the base, is tuned to the extreme. the belly is retracted, but the last ribs stand out only slightly, giving a harmonious harp shape. Limbs are sturdy, muscular and perfectly plumb; angulation of the hind limbs is not very marked.

The difference between male and female bulldogs desired by the FCI standard is therefore unnaturally large. In any case, desires of this standard for outward appearance should not be taken so seriously.

Because fortunately this originally preserved dog breed, robust and healthy has set its standard “for itself”, more exactly for their performance at work, and has kept it in the practice of life until today. People, who now wants to put him in a standard of modern pedigreed dog breeding, don't even agree to the principle, as we can see in its history of the breed. Modern pedigreed dog breeding has done no breed of dog any good, both in terms of health and character. In old times, the Bulldog fitted with pleasure to the ears, so that they protruded upwards. This is now prohibited. Today they show large down-hanging ears..

  • Fur: short, without Undercoat, pretty hard.
  • Color: leonado or atigrado. The tabby specimens have a wide range of colors, from very dark to a light gray with a rather cold tone.
  • Size: males, of 61 to 66 cm.; females, of 57 to 62 cm..

Character

The Dogo Canario is a quiet dog, balanced and self-assured. He is a powerful and defensive athlete who can show his performance at any time. Like all molossi, he is extremely kind, has strong nerves and a high stimulus threshold. But, he is more eager to move and not as lethargic as most molossers today bred only as companions. One Dogo Canario well socialized is friendly to people who know and like children. It is very sociable. Towards strangers is at first a little distant without fear. He is an incorruptible guardian, fearless and protective of his family without being aggressive himself. The FCI standard describes the character desired by the breed:

Calm appearance; alert look. It is especially suitable as a watchdog… His temperament is even-tempered and he is very self-confident.. Deep barking. He is docile and kind to his family members and with strong ties to his master, but you may suspect strangers. Self-assured demeanor, elegant and somewhat distant. When you are alert, his attitude is confident and alert.

It must be added that the Dogo Canario rarely barks. But if it barks once, it's pretty awesome.

Fitness

The Dogo Canario is undemanding in terms of external conditions. Of course: a small apartment in the big city would not be optimal for your attitude. But other than that it's easy to maintain. It is also a working dog, a guard, a driver, a hunting dog for hunting wild boar. The Dogo Canario it is suitable as a family dog ​​only on the condition that it is well socialized, well educated and physically fit. You also have to take into account a fact: It is considered a "dangerous dog" in many countries.

Dogo Canario Education

The Dogo Canario can be trained well, but still not a beginner dog. It is intelligent, very sociable and eager to work. But at the same time he is very powerful and assertive. In case of doubt, always the strongest end of the strap. So, his master or caretaker should not leave doubts about his role as leader and this on the basis of natural authority. So this dog will gladly leave the leading role to his bipeds without reservation.. But it must be filled. The Dogo Canario it is even suitable for demanding tasks such as training as an assistance or protection dog. The basic requirement is that it comes from a serious breeder and that it has already been socialized there..

Dogo Canario health and care

The Dogo Canario has no special demands on your care.

Typical diseases

Breed-specific diseases are not known.. Due to his still short career as an official pedigree dog, it can be assumed that the population of the Dogo Canario, Presa Dog or Presa Canario – Whatever this ancient breed of dog is called – enjoys robust health.

Nutrition / Food

The Dogo Canario has no special demands on their diet.

Life expectancy Dogo Canario

There are no reliable figures on life expectancy. Seriously raised, the Dogo Canario should be able to live off 10 to 12 years.

Buy Dogo Canario

Before making a purchase, be aware that the restrictive attitude of the State can cause many problems in daily life and additional financial burdens. The Dogo Canario it is a large and powerful dog that belongs to the hands of an experienced teacher or lover. The cost of a Dogo Canario is of some 1200 EUR.

Characteristics "Dogo Canario"

Coexistence is important that you have with your new friend. Before considering the acquisition of a dog of the breed "Dogo Canario" you know certain factors. Not all breeds of dogs are apt to live in an apartment, you must take into account his character, their need for exercise, their interaction with other pets, their care and if you have small children, their level of tolerance towards them.

Adaptation ⓘ

4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

friendly dog ​​ⓘ

1,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

hair loss ⓘ

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Affection level ⓘ

4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Need for exercise ⓘ

4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Social need ⓘ

1,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Home ⓘ

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Toilet ⓘ

2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Friendly with strangers ⓘ

2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

barking ⓘ

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Health ⓘ

4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Territorial ⓘ

5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Cat friendly ⓘ

2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Intelligence ⓘ

4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Versatility ⓘ

2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Child friendly ⓘ

2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Surveillance ⓘ

5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

joy ⓘ

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Images "Dogo Canario"

Photos:

1 – Canarian Presa Dog – Canary Dog by Kamen Rider Snipe / CC BY-SA
2 – Presa Canario dog – Dogo Canario by Basil Dragon / CC BY-SA
3 – Presa Canario by https://pxhere.com/es/photo/732874
4 – Canary bulldog, edited by Canecorsodog (en.Wikipedia) edited by Caronna 12:25, 6 February 2008 (UTC) / CC BY-SA
5 – Zai-Kan de Irema Curtó. Canary prey perro byManuel Curtó Jr. / CC BY-SA
6 – Presa Canario by Wikipedia
7 – Presa canario dog by https://pxhere.com/es/photo/75916

Videos "Dogo Canario"

Type and recognitions:

  • FCI CLASSIFICATION:
  • Group :
  • Section : . .

Federations:

  • FCI – Pinscher and Schnauzer-Molossoid type dogs – Swiss Mountain Dogs and Cattledogs. Section 2.1 Molossoid, mastiff type.
  • AKC – FSS
  • UKC – Watchdog

FCI breed standard "Dogo Canario"

Origin:
Spain

Date of publication of the valid original standard:
26.11.2018

Use:

Guard dog and caring for cattle.



General appearance:

Large Medium-sized Molossoid Dog, straight profile and black mask. Robust and well proportioned.

IMPORTANT PROPORTIONS: The body is longer than its height at the withers. This characteristic is more pronounced in females..

The ratio of the skull to the antecara is 60-40 %. The width of the skull is 3/5 the total length of the head. The distance from the elbow to the ground must be 50 % height at withers in males and somewhat less in females.



Behavior / temperament:

calm look, attentive expression. Especially suitable as a guard dog and traditionally used to care for livestock. Balanced temperament and very self-confident. Low and deep bark. Obedient and docile with family members, very devoted to his master but can be reserved with strangers. Confident fitness, noble and somewhat distant. When he is alert his posture is firm with an alert attitude.

Head:

Solid, brachycephalic and compact in appearance covered in thick skin. Its shape tends towards a slightly elongated cube. The skull lines- facials are parallel or slightly convergent.

Cranial region:
  • Skull: Somewhat convex in anteroposterior and transverse direction. The frontal bone tends to be flat. The width is almost identical to its length.
    Pronounced zygomatic arches with well-developed but not prominent cheek and jaw muscles, covered in loose fur. Occipital bump only slightly marked.
  • Stop: The stop is pronounced but not abrupt. The fold between the frontal lobes is well defined and approximately two thirds the size of the skull.

facial region:

  • Truffle: Wide, heavily pigmented black. In the same line of the muzzle. Large nostrils to facilitate breathing.
  • Snout: Shorter than the skull, usually about the 40 % of the total length of the head. Width is 2/3 the width of the skull. Its base is very wide, slightly tapering towards the nose. Flat, straight nose without grooves.
  • Lips: The upper lip is hanging but not excessively. Seen from the front, the upper and lower lip join forming an inverted V. The edges are slightly divergent. The inside of the lips is dark.
  • Jaws / Teeth: Scissor bite or slightly prognathic bite, max. 2 mm. Tweezer bite is accepted but not desired due to tooth wear. The canines have a wide transverse distance. Teeth are wide with strong implantation base. Large molars, small incisors and well-developed canines.

EYES: Slightly oval, medium to large. Placed well apart but never sagging or protruding. Tight black eyelids, never fallen. Color varies from dark to medium brown depending on coat color. They should never be clear.

EARS: Medium size, set well apart with short fine hair. Naturally fall on both sides of the head. If they are folded they are shaped like a rose. Its insertion is slightly above the level of the eyes. Ears with a very high insertion or close together are considered unusual. In countries where amputation is permitted, they must be erect..

Neck:

Shorter than the length of the head. Skin on the lower part loose forming a slight dewlap. Solid and straight, tends to be cylindrical and muscular.

Body:

Long, wide and deep.

  • top line: Straight, without deformations supported by well-developed but poorly visible muscles. Rising slightly from the cross to the rump. The height at the rump is 1 – 2 cm greater than the height at the withers.
  • Rump: Average length, wide and rounded. It should not be long because it would limit your movement.. Females are usually wider.
  • Breast : High capacity and well-defined pectoral muscles. Seen both from the front and in profile, it must be lowered, at least down to elbow level. Chest circumference is generally equal to the height at the withers plus 45 %. Well arched ribs.
  • Bottom line and belly: Slightly collected and never lowered. The flanks only slightly pronounced.

Tail:

Thick at the base tapering towards the tip, reaching no further than the height of the hock. Middle insertion. During movement it lifts it in the shape of a saber but without stooping or leaning on the back. At rest it hangs right with a slight curve towards the end.

Tips

PREVIOUS MEMBERS:

  • Shoulder: With good inclination.
  • Arms: Well angled, oblique.
  • Forearm: Well balanced, straight. Strong bones and good musculature.
  • Elbows: They must not be glued to the ribs or open outwards. Metacarpus: Very solid and slightly inclined.
  • Previous feet: Cat foot with rounded toes, not very close.
    The foot pads are highly developed and black. Nails are dark. White nails should be avoided although it can happen according to the coat color.

LATER MEMBERS:

  • General appearance: Seen from behind strong and parallel without deviations.
  • Thighs: Long and very muscular.
  • Knee: Angulation is not very pronounced but should not be insufficient.
  • Metatarsals: Always well descended.
  • Hind feet: Slightly longer than the front ones and with similar characteristics.

Movement:

During movement, the Presa Canario is agile and elastic, covering the terrain well. Long step. The tail is brought down and the head is only slightly raised above the level of the back. When you are alert, the tail and the head are carried high.

Mantle

SKIN: Thick and elastic. Looser over and around the neck. When alert, the skin over the head forms symmetrical folds that form from the fold between the frontal lobes..

  • Fur: Short, rough, smooth without undercoat (may appear on the neck and on the back of the thigh). Rather rough to the touch. Very short and thin on the ears, slightly longer on the withers and on the back of the thighs.
  • Color: All shades from fawn to sand, from dark brown to light gray or blonde. All shades from tabby to sand. White marks are accepted on the chest, at the base of the neck or throat, front feet and back toes but this should be minimal. The mask is always black and should not be spread above eye level.


Size and weight:

Height at the withers:

  • Males: 60 to 66 cm..
  • females: 56 to 62 cm..

In the case of very typical specimens, 2 cm tolerance above or below limits.

Minimum weight:

  • Males: 50 Kg.
  • females: 40 kg.

Maximum weight:

  • Males: 65 kg.
  • females: 55 kg.


Fouls:

Any deviation from the aforementioned criteria is considered as a fault and the severity of this is considered to the degree of the deviation to the standard and its consequences on the health and well-being of the dog..

Bite in clamp

SEVERE FAULTS:

Any fault is considered severe when it affects the expression and limits the type of dog..
Incorrect head proportions
Extremely convergent craniofacial lines (stop too steep)
Loin and cross at the same height
Incorrect limb position
Square profile.
Triangular head, close (not cube)
Fine tail, threaded. High insertion.
Sunken or soggy back.
light eyes (yellow), very close to each other or oblique, sunken or bulging
Excessively prognathic bite.
Insufficient mask.
Absence of teeth (Except P 1)

FALTAS DESCALIFICANTES:

Aggressiveness or extreme shyness.
Any dog ​​showing clear signs of physical or behavioral abnormalities.
Totally nonpigmented nose.
White marks not accepted.
Bite: enognática.
Croup lower than the cross. Sloped top line.
Blue eyes or with tonal difference.
amputated tail.



N.B.:
  • Males should have two normal-appearing testicles fully descended into the scrotum..
  • Only functionally and clinically healthy dogs, with the typical conformation of the breed, should be used for parenting.

    TRANSLATION: Brígida Nestler

Technical supervision: SR. Miguel Angel Martinez

Source: F.C.I - International Cynological Federation

Alternative names:

1. Canary Mastiff, Canary Catch Dog, Canarian Dogo, Presa Canario.Dogo Canario, Presa (English).
2. dogo Canario (French).
3. Presa Canario, Kanarische Dogge (German).
4. Perro de presa canário, Dogo canário (Portuguese).
5. Perro de presa canario (español).

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Newfoundland
Canadá FCI 50 - Molossoid - Mountain

Terranova

The Newfoundland radiates majestic serenity.

Content

History

The Newfoundland was born on the east coast of Canada. The great island of Newfoundland, which is in front of Canada, gave him his name. The fact that it descends from the dogs of the Vikings of pre-Columbian times or from the dogs of the Indians is a legend that has not been proven until now.. Its relationship with the molossi can be seen but also proved in the genetic map of the Heidi G dog breeds. Parker.

Probably the ancestors of the Newfoundlands came with the first settlers as molossi from Europe. It proved to be an aid to fishermen and sealers and was occasionally useful when hunting bear and big game on land.. It transported loads and served as a draft dog for the sleds with the dead game.. Working with fishermen in the rough North Atlantic was extremely demanding. The Newfoundland had to think, had to do heavy work on the networks. The Newfoundland saved the lives of the castaways over and over again. In this way, he developed the peculiarities of his character and physique that allowed him to face the harsh weather conditions on land and the dangers of the sea as a water and rescue dog..

With the cod ships he came to England over and over again as early as the 18th century. Here he became famous early on due to his impressive achievements. Was not up 1886 that the Club of Newfoundland in England, and soon after, in 1893, The club of Newfoundland for the Continent, now called the "German Club of Newfoundland«. Even today, Newfoundland keep working as a water rescue dog.

Did you know??

One Newfoundland named Rigel sank with the Titanic and swam alongside a lifeboat for three hours in the icy water, apparently looking for its owner, that had gone down with the ship. The people in the lifeboat were nearly run over by the steamer Carpathia because the crew could not hear their faint cries., but Rigel's bark was noticed and the people and the dog were saved.

Physical characteristics

The Newfoundland is a big dog. According to the standard, adult males must weigh an average of 68 kg and females 54 kg. It is a very strong dog, very muscular and with long dense hair. Her coat is water repellent. It has a strong and soft undercoat, which makes it look even bulkier. This shouldn't tempt you to raise him like a teddy bear.. Because the real Newfoundland combines enormous power with agility, sportiness and impressive skills in the water. Its exterior does not deceive its interior. Master challenges with a committed calm. The hair on your head, muzzle and ears is short and thin. The front and rear legs are covered in fur. The tail is completely covered in long thick hair. The black, brown and black and white are allowed as coat colors.

Character and skills

Even the mere appearance of Newfoundland has a relaxing and calming effect, at least for people who are not usually afraid of dogs. The Newfoundland radiates majestic serenity. Its character is as stable as it appears on the outside. It has a friendly and kind nature. But that must not be misleading: He knows very well how to distinguish between friend and enemy, which you can unequivocally underline by your calm but more determined appearance. If required, defends his family with all his might without hesitation. Barking is not necessary to be heard.

He is extremely friendly with his friends. The Newfoundland he is very close to his family and loves children more than anything. He wants education and he absolutely needs it. Because like a powerful big dog it is always stronger than the other end of the leash.. Sometimes he has a hard head, but after a friendly request from his master or caretaker he does everything, as long as it's well connected. The Newfoundland impresses by the unity of two apparently irreconcilable poles: on the one hand it radiates calm and tranquility, on the other hand it can save people from drowning in a short time in the most difficult conditions. Usually, the Newfoundlands are real water rats. They are excellent swimmers, which they are happy to proudly demonstrate.

The Newfoundland not a dog for the city or a flat. He likes long walks, but water is the best for him. Due to its strength and the high technical demands of its maintenance, not suitable for beginners, although it can be trained and managed well. It is a great family dog. But he also likes to sleep outside, even with wind and rain. What you don't need is running or doing activities in the heat.

The Newfoundland It is a natural lifeguard and can be a good helper for parents who have a pool or enjoy taking children to the lake or ocean, although you should never be solely responsible for your safety.

Newfoundland Education

The Newfoundland can be educated very well. It is intelligent, interested and quickly understand what you are allowed to do and what you are not. Sometimes it's a little slow, but a little motivated, he is very cooperative and strives to make his master and lady happy. The puppy should already show itself clearly and without exception where the hammer hangs. There should be no doubt about the orientation of your humans, as well as about the intimate relationship and respect for him.

It must always be kept in mind that this dog is the physically strongest and that leadership only works through unquestioning recognition of the human leadership role.. With praise and results, basically you can achieve everything with it. On the basis of a good education you can train him very well Newfoundland. Many terranovas they are successfully used as guide dogs for the blind and especially as water rescue dogs, but also on land. For this you can do work tests with water in the clubs.

Caring for a Newfoundland

Maintain and care for the Newfoundland it is very expensive. The dense, weather-resistant coat must be brushed every day with a special brush.. Should not be sheared or trimmed. Due to its constitution and dense coat, do not tolerate heat well.

Nutrition / Food

Like all large dogs, Newfoundland need a lot of food. Especially in the growth phase you need professional nutritional planning.

Newfoundland life expectancy

Life expectancy is between 8 and 12 years. That depends a lot on the upbringing. Thin and light dogs tend to age more than heavy, plump dogs.

Newfoundland Health

as could be predicted, given its large size, the Newfoundland can suffer a series of joint and structural problems. It is important that young and growing dogs are kept lean and are not allowed to exercise too hard or eat too much, since this will cause injuries and problems that can be paralyzing in the future. In fact, all the Newfoundland they need to stay slim, since obesity increases the chances of them developing structural problems and makes them more painful when they occur.

One such structural problem is genetic hip deformation known as hip dysplasia.. The head of the femur does not fit well into the hip socket; with the time, the cartilage in the joint wears away and the underlying bone is damaged. Serious arthritis occurs that usually affects very young dogs. In some cases, expensive surgery required, including total hip replacement surgery. If not treated, the dog will suffer pain and a poor quality of life. Elbow dysplasia is another inherited joint problem, resulting from abnormal elbow formation.

The possibility that a Newfoundland develop dysplasia of the hip or elbow just because the parents are free of the disease, although it reduces the possibilities. And while a puppy's bones keep growing, it can sometimes be difficult to confirm a diagnosis, depending on the tests performed and the severity of the condition.

To each Newfoundland X-rays of your dog's hips and elbows should be taken by two years of age, regardless of whether or not he shows symptoms of lameness or stiffness. For dogs that show lameness before that age (that is to say, during the puppy stage), diagnostic tests should be performed promptly.

The Newfoundlands are at risk of heart disease, including dilated cardiomyopathy and subaortic stenosis (SAS). There is currently no genetic test for SAS, who has a complex inheritance, making it difficult to develop a test. Breeders must not breed Newfoundland with no signs of SAS and puppies should be examined by a certified veterinary cardiologist.

Cystinuria is a genetic kidney defect that leads to the formation of bladder stones that are very difficult to manage with diet or medication and often requires surgery both to remove the bladder stones and to repair urinary obstructions.. There may be no early signs that the dog is forming cystine stones, which can create a life-threatening emergency if they cause an obstruction. Fortunately, there is a genetic test for cystinuria. Given the availability of the genetic test, no need for a breeder to produce a dog with the disorder

Not all of these conditions are detectable on a growing puppy, and it can be difficult to predict whether an animal will be free of these diseases, so a reputable breeder must be found who is committed to raising the healthiest animals possible. Must be able to produce an independent certification that the parents of the dog (and grandparents, etc.) have been screened for these defects and considered healthy for breeding. That's where health records come in..

Not all visits by Newfoundland to the vet they are due to a genetic problem. It is known that the Newfoundland experience cruciate ligament rupture. They are also among the deep-breasted breeds predisposed to bloating., a condition in which the stomach is distended by gas and may twist in on itself (called gastric torsion), cutting off blood flow. Swelling and torsion appear very suddenly, and a dog that was fine a minute can die a few hours later. Watch for symptoms such as restlessness and pacing, la baba, the paleness of the gums, lip licking, unsuccessful attempt to vomit and signs of pain. Swelling requires immediate veterinary intervention, and surgery is necessary in many cases. Unfortunately, dogs that have swollen can do it again, So most veterinarians offer a procedure known as gastropexy or "stomach turning.", which anchors the stomach to the body wall to help prevent future twisting. This procedure can also be done as a preventive measure.

Buy a Newfoundland

You should only buy a puppy locally from a breeder who is affiliated with the FCI. should come from a baby, where dogs are rather sporty, thin and not too fat and «beary». A puppy in the kennel is usually sold at a price between 1500 and 2000 EUR.

Valuations "Newfoundland"

Coexistence is important that you have with your new friend. Before considering the acquisition of a dog of the breed "Newfoundland" you know certain factors. Not all breeds of dogs are apt to live in an apartment, you must take into account his character, their need for exercise, their interaction with other pets, their care and if you have small children, their level of tolerance towards them.

Adaptation ⓘ

5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

friendly dog ​​ⓘ

4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

hair loss ⓘ

5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Affection level ⓘ

4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Need for exercise ⓘ

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Social need ⓘ

4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Home ⓘ

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Toilet ⓘ

5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Friendly with strangers ⓘ

4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

barking ⓘ

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Health ⓘ

5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Territorial ⓘ

5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Cat friendly ⓘ

5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Intelligence ⓘ

4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Versatility ⓘ

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Child friendly ⓘ

5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Surveillance ⓘ

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

joy ⓘ

5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Images "Newfoundland"

Photos:

1 – Terranova by Maria Amaro Jimenez / CC BY-SA
2 – Terranova by https://pixabay.com/es/photos/terranova-perro-negro-609531/
3 – Terranova by https://pxhere.com/es/photo/112392
4 – Terranova by https://www.publicdomainpictures.net/es/view-image.php?image=197196&picture=newfoundland-cute-puppy-dog
5 – Terranova by https://www.pxfuel.com/es/free-photo-obraa
6 – Terranova by https://www.pxfuel.com/es/free-photo-jttkx

Videos "Newfoundland"

Type and recognitions:

  • FCI CLASSIFICATION:
  • Group :
  • Section : . .

Federations:

  • FCI – Pinscher and Schnauzer-Molossoid type dogs – Swiss Mountain Dogs and Cattledogs. Section 2.2 Molossoid, mountain type.
  • AKC – Dogs working
  • ANKC – Group 6 (utility dogs)
  • CKC – Group 3
  • ​KC – Working dogs
  • NZKC – Utility dog
  • UKC – Watchdog

FCI breed standard "Newfoundland"

Origin:
Canada

Date of publication of the valid original standard:
29.10.1996.

Use:

Sled dog for heavy loads, water dog.



General appearance:

The Newfoundland has a powerful body, solid, muscular. Their movements are well coordinated.

IMPORTANT PROPORTIONS: The length of the body, measured from the scapulo-humeral joint to the tip of the ischium, is greater than the distance from the cross to the ground (height to the cross). The body is compact. The female's body may be slightly longer and less massive than the male's. From the withers to the lower chest the distance is slightly greater than from the lower chest to the ground.



Behavior / temperament:

The expression of the Newfoundland reflects kindness and sweetness. Worthy, happy and creative, is characterized by its genuine gentleness and serenity.

Head:

Solid. The female's head has the same general configuration as the male's, but it is less massive.

Cranial region:
  • Skull: It is wide; the apex is slightly arched and the occipital bone is well developed.
  • Depression links (Stop): It is well observable, but never abrupt.

facial region:

  • Truffle: Wide and well pigmented. Windows are well developed. In black dogs and black and white, It is black; it is brown in dogs of this same color.
  • Snout: Definitely square, deep and moderately short. It is covered by short fine hair and has no wrinkles. The corners of the lips are apparent, but not too pronounced.
  • Belfos: soft.
  • Jaws / Teeth: The bite is uniform or scissor-shaped.

Eyes: Moderately sunken and relatively small. They are well separated and there is no presence of a third eyelid.. They are dark brown in black and black and white dogs. Lighter shades are allowed in brown dogs.

Ears: They are relatively small, triangular and rounded edges. They sit back on both sides of the head and are very heavy.. When the adult dog's ear is extended forward, it reaches the inner corner of the eye on the same side of the head.

Neck:

It is strong, muscular and well-seated on the shoulders. It is long enough to allow a distinguished bearing of the head. The double chin should not be excessive.

Body:

The bone structure is everywhere solid. In profile, the body is deep and vigorous.

  • top line: It is horizontal and firm from the cross to the rump.
  • Back: Wide.
  • Pork loin: Strong and well muscled.
  • Rump: Wide. Tilts at a 30° angle.
  • Breast : Width, deep and spacious; the ribs are well arched.
  • bottom line: Almost uniform and never raised.

Tail:

While the Newfoundland is swimming, the tail serves as rudder; therefore, It must be strong and wide at the root. When the dog is at rest, the tail is down, perhaps forming a small curve at the tip; reaches the hock or a little lower. When the dog is moving or animated, the tail is carried straight with a slight upward curve, but it never comes rolled up on the back, nor curved between the hind limbs.

Tips

PREVIOUS MEMBERS: They are straight and parallel also when the dog walks or jogs slowly.

  • Shoulder: They are well muscled and oblique.
  • Elbows: stuck to the chest.
  • Metacarpus: They are slightly inclined.
  • Previous feet: Large and in proportion to the body. They are rounded and compact, with also compact and firm fingers. The fingers have an interdigital membrane.

LATER MEMBERS: Since the urge to drag heavy loads, swimming and covering a lot of ground efficiently depends largely on the hindquarters, in Newfoundland their structure is very important. The pelvis must be strong, wide and long.

  • Thigh: He is broad and muscular.
  • Knee: It is well angled, but not enough to give the impression that the dog is crouched.
  • Leg: It is strong and quite long.
  • Hocks: They are relatively short and are well lowered and separated, parallel to each other. They don't even deviate inwards, nor out.
  • Hind feet: Firm and compact. In case of dewclaws, these must have been removed.

Movement:

The Newfoundland's forelimbs have good range and their hindlimbs give a strong boost, which denotes ease and strength. A slight rocking of the back is considered natural. As speed increases, the top line remains uniform.

Mantle

  • Fur: The Newfoundland has a double layer of waterproof hair. The outer layer is moderately long and straight hair without curls; a slight wave is allowed. The inner layer is soft and dense. It is denser in winter than in summer, but still it is always existing in the rump and chest. The hair of the head, the muzzle and ears are short and thin. Front and rear limbs have bangs. The tail is completely covered with long, dense hair, but it has no flag shape. Any haircut or grooming should not be encouraged.
  • Color: Negro, black and white and chestnut.
    • Negro: This is the traditional color. It should be as uniform as possible, but a slight tan tone is allowed. White markings on chest are also allowed, fingers and tip of tail, the both.
    • black and white: This variety has historical significance for the breed. The preferred marking pattern is: black head, preferably with a white list that extends to the muzzle, black saddle with uniform markings and black upper back and tail. Other parts of the body should be white with minimal mottling.
    • Chestnut: This color ranges from chocolate to bronze. White markings on chest allowed, fingers and tip of tail, the both. Black and white and brown dogs must be shown in the same class as blacks.


Size and weight:

Height to the cross: The average height at withers in adult males is 71 cm and of 66 cm in adult females. The average weight is approximately 68 kg in males and 54 kg in females.

A large animal is valued, but this should not be more important than the general state of health, symmetry, strong structure and correct movement.



Fouls:

Any deviation from the aforementioned criteria is considered as a fault and the severity of this is considered to the degree of the deviation to the standard and its consequences on the health and well-being of the dog..

  • General appearance: very long limbs, lack of substance.
  • General structure of the bones: flojedad, fine bones.
  • Character: aggressiveness or shyness.
  • Narrow head.
  • Long or pointed snout.
  • Pronounced noses.
  • Round eyes, saltones, yellow, or with a pronounced third eyelid.
  • Convex back, float or concave.
  • Forelimbs: sunken metacarpus, crushed feet, fingers that turn inward or outward, absence of membrane between fingers.
  • Hind limbs: knee joint very straight, cow hocks, crowded limbs, feet twisted inward.
  • Short tail, long, doubled or bent.
  • Take short, quick steps, dragging the feet, obliquely displaced like a crab; tight and knitting motion, crossing the front limbs, with deviated feet in or out; high movement (hockney action); amble step.
  • Sparse hair; absence of inner layer of hair

FALTAS DESCALIFICANTES:

  • Aggressiveness or extreme shyness.
  • Any dog ​​showing clear signs of physical or behavioral abnormalities must be disqualified..
  • Upper or lower prognathism, arch of deviated incisors.
  • Short straight hair.
  • Marks of a color other than white on black or brown dogs.
  • Any color other than black or black and white or brown.


N.B.:
  • Males should have two normal-appearing testicles fully descended into the scrotum..
  • Only functionally and clinically healthy dogs, with the typical conformation of the breed, should be used for parenting.

TRANSLATION: IRIS Carrillo (Puerto Rico Kennel Federation).

Source: F.C.I - International Cynological Federation

Alternative names:

1. Newfs, Newfies (English).
2. Retriever de Terre-Neuve, Chien de Terre-neuve (French).
3. Newfoundland (German).
4. Cão terra-nova (Portuguese).
5. Perro de Terranova (español).

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Leonberger
Alemania FCI 145 - Molossoid . Mountain

Leonberger

Once you get to know Leonberger dogs better, you will be enchanted by them forever.

Content

History

The Leonberger it is a very big and beautiful dog. In his head and in his charisma he remembers a St. Bernard and a lion at the same time. And this is not a coincidence, because the St. Bernard is one of the ancestors of Leonberger. The Leo, as his friends call it, It is a young and at the same time old breed of dog. This breed is ancient, because it has been specifically bred to the standard since 1846. The Leo It, therefore, one of the oldest dog breeds in modern breeding. At the same time it is a breed of young dog; because it was only created at that time. Most other pedigree dogs have a long history and originated from ancient working dog breeds..

The Leonberger, However, has a different and unique story. Among 1820 and 1850 San Bernardo became fashionable throughout Europe. The heroic exploits of the legendary St. Bernard Barry at the Great St. Bernard Pass in the Alps had a great effect. Barry has been shown to save more than 40 people of death by snow. Everywhere people wanted these big dogs and they were (and they are) really big dogs.

Breeders and traders were unable to meet the high demand. At the same time high prices were paid for a puppy of St. Bernard. So quite a few dog dealers from southwestern Germany helped out without further ado.. They mated St. Bernard with very big bitches from the region. The pups that looked like a St. Bernard they were sold as such, but for the others there were at most a few potatoes from a farmer. The dog trade was – as it still is today – a lucrative business and some sold hundreds of puppies a year and became rich.

Like Leonberg City Hall and dog vendor Heinrich Essig. An intelligent idea occurred to him and turned need into virtue. He created a brand out of the puppies that he could not market as St. Bernard. Instead of giving them away, sold the puppies for good money. Thus was born the Leonberger. Inspired by the lion from the coat of arms of his hometown, this new breed of dog has the appearance of a lion. His dogs were nicknamed Leonhardiner in the envious competition. Also in the official world of dogs these hybrids went unnoticed for a long time. Like this, el cinólogo Ludwig Beckmann, universally recognized at that time, He does not even mention the Leonhardiner in his work in two volumes "Die Rassen des sinks" (dog breeds) of 1895. From the point of view of health, such a genetically heterogeneous offspring is an advantage.

The Leonberger should be a success in all respects. Today it belongs to the primitive rocks of the world of purebred dogs., that no dog lover wants to miss. In 1895 The «International Dog Club was founded Leonberger«, which quickly achieved official recognition of the Leonberger like race. In 1948 He was followed by the «German Dog Club Leonberger»Based in Leonberg, who still represents the Leonberger at VDH and around the world. The Leonberger has a unique charisma, imposing and at the same time friendly, quiet and just sovereign. Its appearance is reminiscent of a lion and its character is also majestic, peaceful and totally suitable for families.

Physical characteristics

The Leonberger It is an impressive large dog with a height at the withers in males between 72 and 80 cm and in females between 65 and 75 cm.. No weight given. But, will be some 80 kg. The standard describes its appearance as:

«According to its original purpose, the Leonberger it's a very big dog, strong, muscular and elegant at the same time. It is characterized by a harmonious build and a self-assured calm with a lively temperament.. Especially the male dog is powerful and powerful. "

Its coat should be medium soft to thick, broadly long, well lying. The Leo has a strong inner layer. The shapes of your physique should be recognizable. On the neck and chest, the fur, especially in males, must form a mane. The coat will be lion yellow, red, reddish brown and all the combinations between them, but always with a black mask. In favor of this lion gaze, hereditary factors related to health and longevity have been neglected.

A study published by the University of Vienna evaluated 7582 layers of Leonberger between 1932 and 2009. «It was determined that the average death age of the Leonberger It was from 7,55 years". During the study period, life expectancy had even decreased in 1,5 years in the last three decades. With a healthy upbringing, 10 or 12 years would be normal. The breed has recognized these warning signs and is now focusing more on the health and extension of the life expectancy of these large dogs..

Character and skills

The mind of a Leonberger is pious as a lamb. Being with him is pure slowdown for man. The essence is described in the standard:

as family dog, the Leonberger is a pleasant companion in current living conditions, that can be carried everywhere without any difficulty and is characterized by a pronounced kindness towards children. He is neither shy nor aggressive. As a companion dog it is a pleasant companion., obedient and fearless in all life situations.

The strength of character required includes above all: self confidence, sovereign calm, average temperament (including game instinct), willingness to subordinate, good learning and memorizing ability and noise tolerance. The character of Leonberger impresses all dog lovers.

Once you get to know dogs better Leonberger, you will be enchanted by them forever. There is almost nothing that can disturb this giant. His very high stimulus threshold as well as his stoic composure are the necessary counterpart to his enormous strength.. These two poles thus characterize the nature of Leonberger. Here and there is something stubborn. Only good persuasion and pleading will help., then he will do everything for his master or lady. But as a family member he is very kind. Seeks proximity to its humans. It is a reliable protector for them. The Leonberger he is a great guy, a fascinating dog!

Fitness

The Leonberger not an easy dog ​​to keep due to its size. By its nature, has very few demands. A daily walk, brushed once a week, that was all. You don't need a big garden, but a garden is already useful. He likes to take possession of it. So, a small apartment on the nth floor would not be for him. Does not fit in all cars. One must consider: You're mine, the whole car will get wet. Leo can bear the heat, but it should not be challenged. prefers the cold. The Leonberger he is a great friend and not an object for acting addicts.

It should also be borne in mind that in our current society, large dogs are often rejected. Some people just fear a giant like Leo, even if he behaves – as is normal for him – exemplary. This is one of the reasons why it is not advisable to keep it in the big city..

One must have a sufficient budget to be able to pay a lot of good food and, in case of doubt, also the vet. It also, should have considered before buying what to do if the dog is sick and may need to bring 80 kg or more. Last, but not less important, there are many practical things that have a profound influence on everyday life. Here one must take real responsibility and honestly look in the mirror if all the conditions for a happy coexistence with dogs are met. Leonberger. Who can claim this, is in an enviable situation of dog owner. The Leonberger worth a sin.

Leonberger's Education

It must be remembered that in a Leo adult, the leash is just a symbol of control. The Leonberger has the power to control the other end of the strap. But he doesn't want. The Leonberger it's basically easy to train. Only his stubbornness has to be broken here and there with consistent smoothness.. He wants to follow his lord and master and he does it very reliably. It is an elementary duty of the owner of a Leonberger to pay attention to a consistent education already in the puppy. Because only this and not the leash makes wonderful walks in nature possible, that together with this great four-legged friend become a balm for the soul of agitated people. The great dog should never be "educated" by bumps or barracks methods. Because that would cause the exact opposite of education and end in disaster..

Leonberger care

Caring for a healthy Leo is not a problem. Brushing the coat once a week is enough.

Nutrition / Food

You need a lot of high quality food. A raised bowl is useful to counteract the risk of stomach twisting. Always pay attention to the weight.

Leonberger Health

As in most large dogs, we see hip or elbow dysplasia. Osteosarcoma, the most common bone tumor in dogs, It is also very common in Leonberger.

Leonberge life expectancy

Before the life expectancy of a Leonberger It was from 12 years, today is from 7 to 9 years. The breeding is working to recover the possible natural life of a healthy dog. He is accompanied here by a research project of the University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover.

Buy a Leonberger

The purchase of a Leo it should be long-term and well thought out. You should carefully check if you have all the requirements to be able to spend many wonderful years with this giant.. If you are looking for a puppy, you should make sure above all that the dogs are not bred too much. Ask about ancestors, their illnesses, his age reached. You should see an FCI affiliated breeder Leonberger. Really, a Leonberger it costs about 2.000 EUR.

Images "Leonberger"

Photos:

1 – Leonberger bitch by The animal photography at de.wikipedia / CC BY-SA
2 – Leonberger by https://pxhere.com/es/photo/1394923
3 – Leonberger, head photographed in 2004 at a dog show in Dresden by Karina Leo-Steffen, uploaded here from –Caronna 13:43, 15 Apr 2005 (UTC) / CC BY-SA
4 – Leonberger by https://www.pexels.com/es-es/foto/75295/
5 – Leonberger by https://pxhere.com/es/photo/1434187
6 – Leonberger by Pleple2000 / CC BY-SA
7 – Leonberger by https://www.needpix.com/photo/1100946/dog-leonberger-giant-pedigree-purebred-animal-canine

Videos "Leonberger"

Leonberger - Breed of dog

Type and recognitions:

  • FCI CLASSIFICATION:
  • Group :
  • Section : . .

Federations:

  • FCI – Pinscher and Schnauzer-Molossoid type dogs – Swiss Mountain Dogs and Cattledogs. Section 2.2 Molossoid, mountain type.
  • AKC – Working dogs
  • ANKC – Group 6 (utility dogs)
  • CKC – Working dogs
  • ​KC – Working dogs
  • NZKC – Utility dog
  • UKC – Watchdog

FCI breed standard "Leonberger"

Origin:
Germany

Date of publication of the valid original standard:
04.01.1996

Use:

Watchdog, Company and family.



General appearance:

Complying with the original use purposes, the Leonberger is a big dog, strong, muscular and elegant at the same time. It is characterized by its harmonious body structure and poised tranquility, aware of his own worth with a lively temperament. The male is especially powerful and robust.



PROPIMPORTANT ORTIONS: Relationship of the height of the cross with the length of the body = 9:10; the depth of the chest corresponds almost to 50% the height of the cross.



Behavior / temperament:

As a family dog, the Leonberger adapts to modern living and room conditions and turns out to be a pleasant companion that can be taken anywhere without causing problems. It also, It is very friendly with children and is not shy or aggressive. As a companion dog it is a pleasant companion., obedient and fearless in all situations that arise. To achieve his nature and strength, he mainly needs:

  • Self -confidence and sovereign
  • Medium balanced temperament (urge to judge).
  • Willingness to submit.
  • Good learning ability and attention.
  • Be insensitive to noise.

Head:

In its entirety it is deeper than broad and seems longer than plump; the relationship between the muzzle and the cranial region is approximately 1:1. The skin is adherent on all parts and does not form frontal folds.

Cranial region:
  • Craging: Seen in profile and from the front it is slightly arched; is strong corresponding to the body and limbs, but it doesn't look heavy. The posterior region is not much wider than the region where the eyes are located.
  • Ston: It is clearly noticeable and moderately marked.

facial region:

  • Nariz: Black.
  • Horcico: It is long, but it never ends on end. The nose is in broad correspondence, never sunk, but rather slightly arched (ram's nose).
  • Labios: Adherents, black, with closed corners.Jaws / Teeth: Powerful jaws with a full scissor bite, regular and perfect with good adaptation of the upper incisors over the lower ones without leaving space. The teeth are implanted vertically in the maxilla, showing 42 healthy teeth according to dental formula (lack of M3 is tolerated). Caliper bite allowed; in the lower jaw there should be no narrowness next to the fangs.
  • Cheeks: Poorly developed.
  • Ojors: Light brown to as dark as possible, medium-sized, oval, or sunk or bulging, neither very together nor very separate from each other. Adherent eyelids, they don't show the conjunctiva. The whites of the eyes (visible part of the dermis) does not show redness.
  • Obars: High insertion and placed not far behind, pendants, medium-sized, stuck and fleshy.

Neck:

Forms a light curve that continues without interruption to the cross. It is longer than it is wide; has no loose or double chin.

Body:

  • Cruz: Pronounced, especially in the male.Back: Robust, straight, wide.
  • Itmors: Widths, powerful, well muscled.
  • Glikeness: Wide, relatively long, gently rounded, in the form of progressive transition to the root of the tail, never higher than the back.
  • Pecho: Large, deep, reaches at least to elbow height; not barrel-shaped but rather oval.
  • Línand the bottom: Only slightly retracted.

Tail:

With lots of hair. When it is standing it carries it hung in a straight line; Also during the movement it folds only slightly without exceeding the back line.

Tips

PREVIOUS MEMBERS: Straight, parallel, not closed.

  • Shoulder / Arms: Long, obliquely placed; Among them form an angle not too obtuse. They have good muscles.
  • Elbows: Glued to the body.
  • Metacarpus: Strong, firm, viewed from the front they are straight and viewed from the side almost vertical.
  • Pinis previous: Straight (no deviations outwards or inwards), rounded, compact; well arched fingers; black pads.

LATER MEMBERS: Viewed from behind they are not placed too tightly; they are parallel; lukewarm joints- tarsians and feet do not deviate inward or outward.

  • Cadhere: In oblique position.
  • Thigh: Rather long; placed obliquely, has strong muscles. The thigh and leg form a fairly sharp angle.
  • Atibio-tarsal articulation: Powerful, with a marked angle between the leg and the metatarsal.
  • Pinis later: Straight, just a little long; arched toes; black pads.

Movement:

Cover the ground, it is balanced in all walks; good momentum and breakthrough; both during walking and jogging, observed front and back, conducts limbs in a straight line.

Mantle

  • Fur: Hair should be a little soft to hard, quite long, stuck and never form a streak; Despite having a lot of internal fleece, you can recognize the shapes of your body structure. The hair is smooth, although it is allowed to be slightly wavy; on the neck and chest (especially in the male) a mane is formed; There are visible feathers in the anterior members and "pants" marked in the posterior members.
  • Color: Yellow (lion color), red, reddish brown, also sand color (pale yellow, cream-coloured) and all its combinations, although with a black mask. Hair is allowed to have black tips; However, black should not be the basic hair color. The paleness of the basic color in the lower part of the tail, on the necklace, In the feathers of the previous members and in the "pants" of the posterior. A small white spot or a thin white streak is tolerated on the chest and white hairs on the fingers.


Size and weight:

Height to the cross:

  • Males: 72 – 80 cm., ideal measure 76 cm.,
  • females: 65 – 75 cm., ideal measure 70 cm..


Fouls:

Any deviation from the aforementioned criteria is considered as a fault and the severity of this is considered to the degree of the deviation to the standard and its consequences on the health and well-being of the dog..



FALTAS DESCALIFICANTES:

    • Aggressiveness or extreme shyness.
    • Any dog ​​showing clear signs of physical or behavioral abnormalities must be disqualified..
    • Severe anatomical failures (p. e.g.. notable cow members, carp back marked, badly beaten back, exaggerated outward deviation in the forefoot, absolutely insufficient angulation in the shoulder joints, elbow, knee and tibial-tarsian).
  • brown truffle.
  • Excessive depigmentation on the lips
  • Lack of teeth (except the M3), superior and inferior prognathism; other faults in the bite.
  • Eyes without brown color.
  • Ectropión, ectropion.
  • Tail too curled or carried too high and curled.
  • Brown pads.
  • Curly or frizzy hair.
  • Lack of color (brown with brown truffle and brown pads; Black with fire; silver black; deer color).
  • Total lack of mask
  • Too much white color (that reaches from the fingers to the carpus, stain on the chest larger than a hand, white color elsewhere).


N.B.:
  • Males should have two normal-appearing testicles fully descended into the scrotum..
  • Only functionally and clinically healthy dogs, with the typical conformation of the breed, should be used for parenting.



TRANSLATION: Federation Canófila Mexicana a.c..

Source: F.C.I - International Cynological Federation

Alternative names:

1. Leo, Gentle Lion, Gentle Giant (English).
2. Chien Leonberg (French).
3. Leo (German).
4. Leo (Portuguese).
5. Leo (español).

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Majorca Mastiff (Majorcan mastiff dog)
España FCI 249 - Molossoid - Dogo

The Majorca Mastiff is a gentle dog, extremely affectionate with their owners, faithful to his master

Ca de Bou

Content

Characteristics "Majorca Mastiff (Majorcan mastiff dog)"

Coexistence is important that you have with your new friend. Before considering the acquisition of a dog of the breed "Majorca Mastiff (Majorcan mastiff dog)" you know certain factors. Not all breeds of dogs are apt to live in an apartment, you must take into account his character, their need for exercise, their interaction with other pets, their care and if you have small children, their level of tolerance towards them.

Adaptation ⓘ

5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

friendly dog ​​ⓘ

2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

hair loss ⓘ

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Affection level ⓘ

2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Need for exercise ⓘ

4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Social need ⓘ

2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Home ⓘ

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Toilet ⓘ

2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Friendly with strangers ⓘ

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

barking ⓘ

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Health ⓘ

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Territorial ⓘ

5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Cat friendly ⓘ

2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Intelligence ⓘ

4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Versatility ⓘ

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Child friendly ⓘ

4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Surveillance ⓘ

5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

joy ⓘ

4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

History

The Majorcan mastiff dog, also known as Majorca Mastiff in Catalan or Perro de presa mallorquín in Spanish, is a fairly old dog whose history remains unclear.

It is believed to have originated from a number of races, especially the Spanish Mastiff and the Alano, that crossed over the centuries.

The result of these crosses came to Mallorca in the thirteenth century, specifically in 1229, during the conquest of the island by King James I of Aragon. Some of these dogs remained there and were bred with local dogs.. The resulting individuals turned out to be much less sensitive to heat and adapted very well to local conditions. They began to be used by the local population to monitor houses and livestock.

It was also in the thirteenth century when the butchers of the island found in the dog an assistant for his ability to control livestock, especially bulls, before and during their sacrifice. In fact, his powerful jaw made him able to keep them immobile by holding them firmly by the nose.

At the same time, it was also used by the Knights of Malta in battle and to guard the camps. It also, he was unrivaled in his ability to breach enemy camps, which greatly facilitated the assaults.

In 1713 the Treaties of Utrecht are ratified, which put the island of Mallorca under British rule. The English then introduced their own guard and fighting dogs in the Balearic Islands. Mallorcan dogs were bred with the Bulldog, and the result of these crossings was called "Ca de Bou", which is a translation of the English word «Bulldog» ("bull" means bull) in Catalan. This name reflects the main use given to it. In fact, at the beginning of the 18th century, the bull-baiting, show in which a pack of dogs had to kill a bull, it was widespread and very popular in England, and the English did not stop importing it to Mallorca.

The Majorca Mastiff they also began to hunt wild boar and deer. It was also used for many years as a watchdog on ships, especially in case of pirate attacks, and sometimes you ate when there was nothing to eat.

Following the ban on bull hunting in 1835, was limited to two main functions: watchdog and hunter.

An eventful twentieth century

In the early 20th century, the Majorcan mastiff dog became better known. The first written record of the breed dates from 1907.

In 1923, the first representative of the breed was inscribed in the Spanish studbook. One year later, in Barcelona, made his first appearance at a dog show.

But, its development was greatly hampered by the famines of the decades of 1920 and 1930. Then, like many other breeds, was affected by World War II. Its population declined considerably throughout the period.

However, in 1946 a breed standard was developed, but it was not recognized by the International Cynological Federation (FCI) until about twenty years later, in 1963. But, by then there were probably no more left Majorca Mastiff pure. It also, the interest of breeders and individuals had largely shifted to other breeds that were expanding rapidly at the time, as the Great Dane, the German Shepherd and the Rottweiler.

In the Decade of 1980, the Majorca Mastiff, as it was known after the war, actually ceased to exist, especially due to the numerous crosses with Mallorcan sheepdogs (Ca de Bestiar). The latter came from the same region as the Majorca Mastiff and they brought their brindle coat. But, these unions substantially modified the characteristics of the Majorca Mastiff, so that it gradually moved away from the description given in the official standard.

But, passionate and determined breeders tried to save the breed and ensure that it kept the characteristics as close as possible to the registered standard. They set out to find individuals as close as possible to their ancestors. Two specimens called Tito and Anastasia (father and daughter, respectively), who were the first individuals considered sufficiently similar to the Majorca Mastiff of yesteryear. Its union and crossing with other crossed dogs on the island helped to resurrect the breed from a solid base. But, the number of breeders is still very low and the breed remains confidential. The specimens obtained did not leave the island and were reserved for the national market., where they were highly coveted for dogfighting.

In 1992 dogfighting was banned in the Balearic Islands, and it was then that the breed began to be exported slowly. The opening to the international market also allowed the introduction of new breeders in the lines, in order to expand the genetic heritage of the breed; they were both subjects of unknown origin with physical traits similar to the race, as hybrids of Majorcan mastiff dog.

These exports gave rise to numerous hatcheries in a wide variety of countries., where the Majorca Mastiff It is used both as a companion dog and as a guard dog.. In fact, it can be said that it was the export of the breed that almost saved it, since in Mallorca itself it is now only present in very limited numbers.

The recognition and popularity of the “Majorcan Bulldog Dog”

In the last decades, the reputation of the Majorcan mastiff dog has increased and their number has grown in many countries, but there is still a long way to go. In fact, its recognition by the main canine organizations in the world is still very partial, which obviously limits its visibility and dissemination.

In France, in the first decade of the twenty-first century, went from a handful of records a year to about fifty, and then the number skyrocketed in a few years, until exceeding 200 annual births in 2014. Since then, has hovered around this value.

Further east, countries such as Poland and Russia have welcomed a good number of representatives of the breed since the beginning of its international spread. Some even claim that over the years 90 there were more than 2.000 Majorca Mastiff only in the city of Moscow. This is likely to be unfounded, but the fact is that it was quickly appreciated there, and still appreciated.

It is also especially popular in Puerto Rico, where there is a prestigious locally developed lineage, which was created from the Spanish champion Chimo and other quality specimens that were sent there.

There are also several representatives of the breed in Holland, Denmark, Finland and Sweden. But, this is still quite embryonic, as evidenced by the low number of breedings in these countries.

In United States, the Majorcan mastiff dog It was recognized in 2006 by the United Kennel Club (UKC). But, the other reference organization in the country, the American Kennel Club (AKC), has not yet taken the step. Further north, the Canadian Kennel Club (CKC) he doesn't recognize it either. In fact, in North America, both the reputation of the breed and its diffusion are still very low.

In the United Kingdom, where it was introduced in 2001, it is also not recognized by the prestigious Kennel Club (KC).

In Spain, not only on the island of Mallorca the Majorca Mastiff is discreet. In fact, the Royal Canine Society of Spain (RSCE), the main canine organization in the country, received less than 50 enrollment requests per year to mid-year 2010, figure that was even reduced to less than 20 at the end of the decade.

Physical characteristics

He has a bulky head, solid and the skull is wide. The eyes are oval and somewhat oblique; in the color, the more dark best. The ears are short and played backwards. The body is a massif with included belly. The forelimbs are strong and the tail reaches to the Hock. The coat is short and rough.

The favorite colors in your order are: the striped, the Fawn and black. In the striped prefer the dark tones in the leonados the intense nuances. The white spots are admitted in the previous members, chest and tolerated up to a maximum of 30 % the surface of the body. The black mask is also supported.

The Ca de Bou or Majorcan Dogo, It is a dog reserved and suspicious with strangers. It has an extraordinary adaptation, but it is not a dog to place in any hand. Their education and socialization should be initiated as soon as possible because the breed is naturally dominant.

The care of the fur is a simple weekly brushing and a regular cleaning of the ears and eyes. It is a rustic dog that adapts well to changes in temperature and withstands inclement weather well..

Character and skills

Although the Majorca Mastiff it has been used in its history for quite violent tasks, like bull hunting, the slaughter of bulls or the fighting of dogs, he is surprisingly very affectionate and has an excellent temperament. In fact, tends to create a very strong bond with his family.

They will do anything to protect their family and are very good watchdogs.. In fact, has a strong protective instinct and is very suspicious of strangers. But, although it can be impressive and dissuasive when needed, he only shows aggression when he feels his family is in danger. On the other hand, when dealing with people you don't know, he is always cautious, but he refers to his teacher to determine whether or not they are to be trusted. If the landlord invites someone you don't know to the house, will normally keep distance, but will not intervene in an untimely or even aggressive way. However, good socialization is necessary from an early age to avoid excessive distrust of all strangers.

Fits well with children, with whom he is patient and kind. He is even-tempered and likes spending time playing with them as much as being quiet on the couch. But, as with any dog ​​of any breed, should never be left alone with a young child without adult supervision. This is especially true because it is relatively heavy and can easily push or knock over a young child..

On the other hand, the Majorca Mastiff tends to get along very well with other dogs, both with those who share their home and with those who are on a walk. But, if the dog is a male and is in the presence of another male with a dominant temperament, a rivalry relationship may develop. So, it is better to avoid this type of coexistence and to take precautions to avoid any fight when you meet other dogs, in particular doing gradual introductions.

As they don't have a strong hunting instinct, his relationships with small animals, as cats, rodents or birds, they are usually quiet. If you have to live with them on a daily basis, the ideal is to present them as soon as possible, but his great sociability makes it possible to integrate newcomers into his house even if he has always been the only animal.

Perhaps because it has been used to being used in so many ways and in so many different environments throughout its history., the Majorcan mastiff dog is generally very adaptable, so much so that it is possible that he lives in a flat. But, for your well-being, it is better that I live in a house with a garden, since he likes to run and exercise a lot. To feel good on its legs and on its head, usually needs an hour of activity a day, which can consist of walks or games in the garden. In any case, long daily outings are essential if you don't have access to a garden. They are always happy to accompany their owners on walks, and are well suited to active and sporty families. An elderly or very sedentary person, on the other hand, may not satisfy your need for activity and would be better off with another breed.

In addition to participating in the activities of their owners, can, of course, distinguish yourself in various dog sports such as agility, el cane-cross, The tracking, the RCI or the ring. It can even be made to pull a light trolley that the children sit in..

In any case, considering his past as a working dog, to the Majorca Mastiff he likes to be assigned tasks. These may include, takes his role as guardian very seriously: although it is not necessarily obvious at first glance, always watch out for the slightest noise or movement, and shows great reactivity. In general, Giving him chores to do and keeping him busy is the best way to ensure he thrives..

Once you are in your right mind, the Majorcan mastiff dog it is quiet and very quiet. He is not one of those who annoys the neighbors, he just barks in his role as guardian, that is to say, when a stranger enters your territory and tries to show you that you better leave.

Nor is he one of those who let themselves be heard when their owners are not: although he especially likes to be in contact with them, knows how to stay alone without suffering separation anxiety.

In summary, as long as he is well socialized and educated, and as long as you have enough opportunities to exercise, the Majorcan mastiff dog it is a fairly easy dog ​​to carry. It is even an ideal breed choice for those who wish to acquire their first Molossian type dog., since it does not constitute a danger for his family and he is also very sociable with other animals in general.

But, this is only possible if the dog's place in the family hierarchy is perfectly clear and, Therefore, if he has a master who knows from the beginning how to position himself as a leader and how to be strict when necessary. Although the Majorca Mastiff it is quite easy to train and handle compared to other similar breeds, still a giant, so it is better that it is in the hands of a person who already has some experience in dog training.

Education

The Majorcan mastiff dog is an independent and determined thinker. So, can be very overbearing if not confronted by an experienced dog training person, who knows how to show both firmness and consistency to behave as a leader and make his dog understand who is the master.

So, your education should start at an early age, when it is still more impressionable, to lay the foundations on which the coexistence will be based throughout his life. As such, you have to be firm, but also soft, at the risk of antagonizing him or damaging the quality of his relationship with his owners.

The latter must also show some coherence: the rules should not only be fixed in time, but also from one person to another, that is to say, everyone should be in phase on what the dog is or is not entitled to do. The dog did not understand why one person allowed him to get on the sofa when another had strictly prohibited it the previous time.

As long as these conditions are met throughout the education of the Majorcan mastiff dog, things are going well; it is easy to carry and learns quickly.

This is even more true if your teacher is in charge of organizing small training sessions and asking you to do various things.. In this way, stays focused all the time, instead of boring you and losing your attention with long and repetitive sessions.

Learning is also easier and more enjoyable for everyone when the owner opts for methods based on positive reinforcement., that is to say, rewarding (with a word of encouragement, a caress, a treat…) good behavior and ignoring bad. In fact, punishment-based techniques quickly frustrate the dog, and an operation based on the constraint, although it may work in the short term, usually limits the prospects for evolution, or even counterproductive - or even dangerous- long-term. The Majorca Mastiff he is not one of those who turn against his master, but if he is brutal with him and uses bad methods, You may end up responding to what you perceive as assault with an equally violent reaction.

Last, all dogs benefit from being socialized as soon as possible, but this is especially true for the Majorcan mastiff dog. In fact, his developed instinct for protection generally leads him to distrust strangers and, Therefore, to be especially reserved with them. Not the type to get unnecessarily aggressive towards them, but it is preferable to ensure that you do not show an excessive reserve every time a visitor arrives at your house. As such, nothing like making him meet a wide range of people in all kinds of situations from his first months, so that little by little you will better accept the confrontation with strangers. The same goes for exposure to other dogs and animals of all kinds, as well as to all kinds of environments and stimuli (noises, smells, etc.). The sooner and more intensely a dog is socialized, the easier it will be for you to move around in the human world, whatever the circumstances.

Health

The Majorcan mastiff dog generally in very good health and predisposed to few problems., it is a very resistant dog in general.

This also applies to temperatures., used to the quite hot climate of the island of Mallorca, it is very resistant to high temperatures., not very sensitive to cold either, although this is really not a common thing in his homeland.

Among the diseases to which you are particularly predisposed, we can mention: brachycephalic syndrome, which affects dog breeds with flattened nose and short nose. In effect, This anatomical peculiarity notably translates into narrow nostrils and an excessively narrow nasal cavity, which implies respiratory failure, manifested especially during physical exertion and / or in case of strong heat. It can also be the cause of various digestive problems (vomiting, etc.). If the most serious cases must be treated by means of a surgical act to increase the respiratory capacity of the animal, most of those affected live in a more or less normal way as soon as their owner saves them from too intense physical effort (above all, especially when it's hot or humid) and carefully monitor your diet to avoid being overweight (a problem the breed is not particularly prone to).French Bulldog or the Pug;

  • The Hip Dysplasia, joint malformation in which the femur is not correctly positioned in the pelvic cavity of the hip joint, causing pain and lameness, as well as osteoarthritis as we age. Is problem, whose appearance is often favored by a hereditary predisposition, can be treated or alleviated by surgical intervention;
  • The dilation-torsion of the stomach, a problem that particularly affects medium-large dogs. It can happen especially when the animal ingests large amounts of food too quickly. It consists of sudden and excessive swelling of the stomach, that folds on itself;this blocks the evacuation of gases and interrupts blood circulation. Without prompt medical intervention, dog death occurs quickly;
  • The entropion, where the lid of one eye turns inward in contact with the eyeball. This problem can be inherited and causes severe irritation to the eye.. It is quite possible to remedy this by surgery;
  • The ectropion, corresponding to a curl defect of the lower eyelid. Then, the eye is no longer adequately protected, causing more or less severe irritation and conjunctivitis. Once again, this condition can be inherited and can be cured with surgery.

Although the breed is not predisposed to a large number of diseases, it is important to go to a breeder of Majorcan mastiff dog serious and competent. In effect, this allows the adopted puppy to have benefited from a good living environment and good socialization from its first weeks, but also and above all to maximize the chances that you enjoy good health and the rest. In fact, a serious breeder avoids breeding a dog with a hereditary defect such as Hip Dysplasia., because there would be a significant risk of transmission to young people. If you do not present them spontaneously, as should be the case, you should be asked for the results of the corresponding tests carried out on the parents or the puppy.

You must also always be able to provide a certificate of good health of the puppy prepared by a veterinarian, as well as a health or vaccination record, that proves that the child has received all the necessary vaccines. Once the animal has returned to its new home, should never be forgotten, during the following months, that is still growing and, therefore, particularly fragile. Thus, until I am about a year and a half, it is important to avoid any physical exercise that is too intense or too long, otherwise your joints or bones could suffer seriously. Or even end up presenting developmental defects that can incapacitate him throughout his life. This is all the more true as Majorca Mastiff is predisposed to Hip Dysplasia.

Last, even once this growth period has passed and the animal has become an adult, it is important to always pay attention to your health. As such, nothing substitutes for a complete check-up at a vet at least once a year, to ensure that no problem appears that cannot be detected by an inexperienced person. These regular appointments also offer the opportunity to be reminded of your vaccinations., so you never stop being protected. It should also be used against internal and external parasites, so it is up to your teacher to renew your antiparasitic treatments whenever necessary, throughout the year.

Life expectancy

11 years

Grooming

The Majorca Mastiff it is an easy breed to care for, and this is especially true for their fur. A weekly brushing is more than enough to keep it in good condition. But, not so during moulting periods, in spring and autumn: much more must be done each day, to allow good removal of dead hairs.

It also, as it is not dirty or smells bad, rarely need a bath. Unless it was especially dirty during an outing or in contact with toxic material, do it 2 or 3 times a year is more than enough. It may also be wise to do this at the same time as your seasonal shedding to save time during these periods., since it removes a good amount of dead hair. In any case, always use a shampoo specially developed for dogs, since the pH of your skin is different from that of human skin.

It also, although their ears are not especially prone to infection, they should be checked and cleaned once a week to prevent dirt or moisture from accumulating that could cause infection.
Your eyes are also not immune to infection, so you also have to check and clean them weekly to prevent dirt from accumulating.

Brushing your dog's teeth is also a good habit that should be established at least once a week, making sure to use a dog-specific toothpaste each time. This helps prevent plaque formation., which can cause serious health problems when it turns into tartar. If possible, it is advisable to opt for an even higher frequency, even daily.

As for the claws, this adaptable dog wears them down to a greater or lesser extent, according to the activity level of your family and your living environment. A dog that walks and spends a lot of time a day does not need to have its nails trimmed manually, since they file themselves, especially if it is on a hard surface like asphalt. But, if the dog lives in a flat and is not very active, it needs to be trimmed regularly. Too long claws can be very annoying for the dog, especially when traveling. It also, if they break, they can hurt the dog. In fact, as soon as the friction with the hard ground is heard, they have become too long and have to be cut.

Whether the fur, the ears, the eyes, teeth or claws, grooming your dog requires a minimum of precision and vigilance. If you don't, not only can you fail in grooming your dog, but it can hurt you, or even injure it. So, the first time it is best to seek the advice of a veterinarian or professional dog groomer, and learn from him how to take care of his Majorca Mastiff.

The sooner you train your dog, the better it will be for the rest of your life.

Food

Feeding a Majorcan mastiff dog it is not an arduous task: is perfectly fine with a balanced, quality industrial diet. Homemade rations are another perfectly adequate option, as long as they are well composed and, Therefore, are able to meet your nutritional needs. As such, should consist mainly of meat, but they can also contain large bones, remains, vegetables and rice.

In any case, the amount given must be consistent with his age, your health and the amount of physical exercise you get on a daily basis.

It also, the fact that it is prone to dilation-torsion of the stomach means that some precautionary rules should be observed when feeding the Majorcan mastiff dog. So, it is essential to divide your daily ration into at least two meals, and that these be taken in stride. It also, should not be preceded or followed by any intense or prolonged activity for an hour.

Although this breed is not very prone to obesity, it is important to regularly monitor the dog's weight. In fact, no one is immune to sudden and significant weight gain, especially after sterilization. Weighing your dog about once a month will allow you to quickly spot any unexplained deviations, so that you can take your dog to the vet if the deviation is confirmed or even increased during the following measurements. In fact, only a health professional can make a reliable diagnosis and indicate how to remedy the problem, because diet and lack of activity are not the only possible causes of being overweight: it can also be caused by illness or a reaction to treatment.

Last, like all dogs, the Majorca Mastiff a bowl of clean, fresh water should always be available to you.

Price

The Majorcan mastiff dog can be found at various prices. In all cases, the latter depend, in particular, of the reputation of the kennel, from the line the pup came from, but also of its intrinsic qualities, in particular of their physical qualities, especially of its greater or lesser conformity and its color.

In fact, the brindle color is the most sought after in this breed, what can explain the price differences, sometimes substantial, even within the same litter.

In Spain, the average price of a companion puppy is around 700 EUR. Obviously, like in other places, can be much higher for the best subjects. Those sold with a confirmation guarantee, whose attributes will allow them to be exhibited in dog shows or used as breeders, can reach much higher sums, up to several thousand euros.

Majorca Mastiff Images

Videos Ca de Bou

Type and recognitions:

  • FCI CLASSIFICATION:
  • Group :
  • Section : . .

Federations:

FCI , UKC

FCI breed standard "Majorca Mastiff (Majorcan mastiff dog)"

Origin:
Spain

Date of publication of the valid original standard:
11.12.1996

Use:

Guard and defense dog



General appearance:

Race typically molosoid, slightly elongated, strong and powerful. Medium rise, with marked sexual differentiation in cranial volume, higher in the male than in the female.



Behavior / temperament:

Quiet nature, that demonstrates bravery and courage, being sociable to the humane treatment and faithful and grateful to its owner. In the work of guard and defense, acts as an unbeatable guardian. At rest he appears confident and self-assured.; being alert, his gaze is penetrating.

Head:

Strong, solid

Cranial region:
  • Skull: Grand, width, tending towards the square, with a larger perimeter than the size at the withers, essentially in males. Wide front and flat, with well-marked front Groove; front, skull shape belies the occipital. The upper line of the skull and the supranasal line are almost parallel, with slight convergence.
  • Depression links (Stop): Profile, well marked and outstanding. Head on, perceptible only by the superciliary arches that delimit a clear frontal furrow.

facial region:

Very strong and prominent jaw muscles, developed up to the average level of eyes, and although it has some wrinkles on the sides of the masseter, It can be said that, in general, of the head do not skin wrinkles.

  • Truffle: Black and wide. Between the Windows you have well defined filter.
  • Snout: Born from the inner corner of the eyes, wide, tapered, Recalling a truncated cone of base profile broadband; with straight and slightly ascending supranasal line. The length of the muzzle must be in relationship 1/3 with respect to the head.
  • Lips: Upper lips are superimposed on the lower half of the snout, where it appears the labial commissure. The top is rather picked, While the lower retracting at its Center, and no they highlight is the lips when the mouth is closed. Oral cavity with marked striae and black gum edges, the rest of your mouth Red.
  • Jaws / Teeth: Powerful JAWS with well aligned incisors, Canine something separate, White complete teeth and strong with bite prognata; without being excessive this lower prognathism, It should be a maximum of one centimeter. They shall never see teeth with mouth closed.
  • Eyes: Large, oval, with opening wide, steep and somewhat oblique, color as dark as possible relative to the layer, without let see the conjunctiva; seen from the front can't see white ; situated low and far apart.
  • Ears: High and lateral deployment, rather small and pitches back and curved, showing the ear ; the guy named rosa. At rest the end of the ear lies at a level below the eye.

Neck:

Strong, thickness and provided, at his birth he has a similar to the diameter of the head width ; well linked with the cross. Something loose skin, being a thin dewlap permitted.

Body:

  • Kidneys and flanks: Short, relatively narrow and forming an arch pronounced to the rump.
  • Rump: Approximately from 1 to 2 cm taller than the cross, inclined at about 30° from the horizontal, somewhat narrower than the thorax.
  • Chest: Rib something cylindrical, deep up to the height of the elbows, width to the height of the cross, due to the separation of the shoulder blades.
  • Lower profile: Parallel to the ground chest, Belly gently up and collected, never agalgado.

Tail:

Implemented low, thick at its root, it thins to its end that reaches the hock, and finished in tip; during rest falls naturally, while in action it arches slightly and is arranged at the level of the dorsal line.

Tips

PREVIOUS MEMBERS:

  • Shoulder: Moderately short, some prominent and slightly oblique.
  • Arms: Straight, plumb and separated from each other.
  • Elbows: Separated due to the breadth of chest, but never open.
  • forearms: Well muscled, straight and thick bones.
  • Previous feet: Strong, with fat fingers, slightly round and well United; lightly pigmented pads.

LATER MEMBERS: Muscled, longer than the previous ones.

  • Thighs: Long ; natural joints.
  • Hocks: Short, straight and strong. Undesirable Spurs.
  • Hind feet: Strong, with fat fingers longer than the previous toes, presenting its oval shaped joint; preferably pigmented pads.

Movement:

The typical gait of the breed is the trot.

Mantle

Rather thick, firmly attached to the body, except in the neck, It can form slight double chin.



COAT

  • HAIR: Short and rough to the touch.
  • COLOR: Striped, black & Fawn, desirable in this order. For the atigrados dark tones are preferable; tawny in intense colors.

white spots are allowed in forefeet, chest and muzzle, up to a maximum total of a 30%. Also supports the black mask.



Size and weight:

Height to the cross:

  • Males of 55 to 58 cm.
  • females of 52 to 55 cm..

Weight:

  • In males ranges from the 35 to 38 kg
  • In females ranges from the 30 to 34 kg.


Fouls:

Any deviation from the aforementioned criteria is considered as a fault and the severity of this is considered to the degree of the deviation to the standard and its consequences on the health and well-being of the dog..



SERIOUS FAULTS

  • Individuals whose height at the withers is higher than the rump.
  • Inferior prognathism that is greater than one centimeter.
  • Scissor bite, or clip.
  • Lack of two premolars.
  • Individuals who do not have ears in pink, This is glued together and flat ears to the face ; and with ears erect on its base, still being in pink in its final third.
  • Queue type bulldog.
  • Any other fault that its gravity apart from the standard.

MISS PLAYOFFS

  • Aggressive or fearful dog.
  • Upper prognathism.
  • Eyes clear and yellow.
  • Amputated ears or tail.
  • White color more of 30% in parts of the body that are not above feet, chest and muzzle.
  • Any other colouring stains.

INDICATIVE MEASUREMENTS IN A STANDARD DOG

  • Weight 36 kg
  • Height at Croup 58 cm.
  • Height in cross 56 cm.
  • Chest perimeter 78 cm.
  • Head circumference 59,5 cm.
  • Distance occipital to the birth of the tail 73 cm.
  • Distance of the occipital to snout 22 cm.
  • Distance from the muzzle to the frontal trough 8 cm.

Any dog ​​showing clear signs of physical or behavioral abnormalities must be disqualified..



N.B.:

Males should have two normal-appearing testicles fully descended into the scrotum..

Source: F.C.I - International Cynological Federation

Alternative names:

1. Mallorquin Mastiff, Mallorquin Bulldog, Silverback (English).
2. Dogue de Majorque (French).
3. Ca de Bou (German).
4. Ca de bou, Dogo maiorquino (Portuguese).
5. Dogo mallorquín, perro de presa mallorquín, Presa mallorquín (español).