The Karst Shepherd a typical guard dog. Acts largely independently, which is also essential for the protection of the herd.
Content
History
The Karst Shepherd It is a breed that has existed for several centuries and belongs to the group of molosoids. Probably, This dog followed the Illyrian tribe in their migration through Styria and the Dalmatian islands and settled in the Slovenian region of the Karst Massif.. The first time that race is referred to in writing is in 1689, in the book of Baron Janez Vajkart Valvasor entitled « The glory of the duchy of Carniole ». The breed and its standard were officially recognized on 2 in June of 1939 with the name of " Iliria Shepherd » during the general assembly of the F.C.I. in stockholm. During the F.C.I general assembly. in Bled-Slovenia in 1948, the standard was completed and the breed recognized again. However, to 16 in March of 1968, the Iliria Shepherd from the Karst massif, bore the same name as the Shepherd of the Sarplanina massif. In front of two shepherd dogs with the same name, the Yugoslav Central Society decided to name the one from the Karst region "Shepherd of the Karst Massif" and the other " Sarplaninac ». Since then, these two races are totally independent.
Physical characteristics
Externally, the Karst Shepherd they are hardly distinguishable from those of Yugoslavian Shepherd Dog Sharplanina. They are on average slightly smaller than their relatives who live further south, but the height at the withers accepted for breeding is the same for both breeds.
It is a dog's size medium, harmoniously built, robust, with well-developed muscles and a strong constitution.
The head is big, with powerful teeth. The eyes are almendrados, brown or almost black. The ears are inserted moderately high and fall flat in the form of “V”. The tail, wide at the base, takes the form of a saber, drawing a light hook with the tip should reach the hock.
Fur: quite long, reaches the 14 cm.; the undercoat is well developed.
Color: grey iron. A dark shade is preferable on the cross; towards the abdomen and feet the color changes without visible transition to light gray or even sand color, with a dark gray band across the lower extremities. The dark mask on the head surrounded by beige gray hair.
Size: males, of 57 to 63 cm. (ideal 60 cm.); females, of 54 to 60 cm. (ideal 57 cm.).
Character and skills
The Karst Shepherd he is a typical watchdog. Acts largely independently, which is also essential for the protection of the herd. It is very territorial, brave and vigilant, but without biting. He is distrustful and even hostile to strangers, but a loyal and devoted companion of his master and his family.
The born Guardian needs early and careful socialization and loving but consistent education. He only submits to clear leadership.
Like all guard dogs, the Karst Shepherd is late development, reaches mental maturity only at 3-4 years.
He loves country life and being outdoors. Its ideal habitat is a house with a large parcel of land that it can monitor. With a close family relationship and a task that fits your natural waking instinct. The Karst Shepherd he is a nice companion dog, kind and also obedient, but he will never completely detach himself from his strong independence.
Overall Karst Shepherd It:
Incorruptible guard in the house
Does not get along with other dogs.
Patient, but still affectionate
Forgiving with children
Karst Shepherd Education and Maintenance
Only conditionally suitable for the city.
Outside the mountainous regions of Slovenia, these dogs are very rarely found. This is because, on the one hand, to his great need to move and, on the other hand, to the high demands of their education. The Karst Shepherd are more individual than other sheepdog breeds, since they are often left to their own devices in their “natural habitat” and protect herds independently. An experienced owner with a lot of patience and a sense of mind for your dog will have little trouble educating his Karst Shepherd towards an obedient and calm companion.
Karst Shepherd Health
The Karst Shepherd it's quite healthy for a sheepdog, but suffers from some typical problems of the breed. On average, they reach an age of 10 to 12 years and therefore become significantly older than most German shepherds. The Karst Shepherd, living in a family environment, they are less susceptible to disease than animals that have to sleep in kennels and are permanently exposed to the weather. Boredom is also a stressor and affects the mind and health of dogs..
Its claws must be shortened regularly.
They have sensitive ears that swell quickly.
Very long-growing dogs suffer more often from so-called dachshund paralysis (intervertebral disc disorders).
Dysplasia of the elbow and hip joints are also more common in these dogs..
Buy a Karst Shepherd
Several breeders of the Karst Shepherd they are members of the Dog Club of Southern and Eastern Europe.
Some Slovenian breeders offer their dogs for export.
Pay attention to good breeding conditions!!
Like the Karst Shepherd they are very rare outside of Slovenia, you will hardly be able to visit the breeder before buying. If you have the possibility, Combine buying a puppy with a multi-week vacation in Slovenia. If your puppy already knows you, you will feel much less stress during the transfer and during the first adaptation phase. You can also check the conservation conditions during a visit to the breeder.
Characteristics "Karst Shepherd"
Coexistence is important that you have with your new friend. Before considering the acquisition of a dog of the breed "Karst Shepherd" you know certain factors. Not all breeds of dogs are apt to live in an apartment, you must take into account his character, their need for exercise, their interaction with other pets, their care and if you have small children, their level of tolerance towards them.
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Affection level ⓘ
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Need for exercise ⓘ
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Social need ⓘ
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Home ⓘ
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Toilet ⓘ
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barking ⓘ
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Intelligence ⓘ
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Surveillance ⓘ
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joy ⓘ
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Images "Karst Shepherd"
Karst Shepherd 5
Karst Shepherd 4
Karst Shepherd 3
Karst Shepherd 2
Photos:
1 – Owczarek_kraski en el World Dog Show en Poznan by Wikipedia
2 – Owczarek_kraski en el World Dog Show en Poznan by Pleple2000 / CC BY-SA
3 – Owczarek_kraski en el World Dog Show en Poznan by Pleple2000 / CC BY-SA
4 – Owczarek_kraski en el World Dog Show en Poznan by Wikipedia
5 – Owczarek_kraski en el World Dog Show en Poznan by Pleple2000 / CC BY-SA
The Rafeiro of Alentejo It is an excellent watchdog in the haciendas and houses of the Alentejo.
Content
History
The Rafeiro of Alentejo (Alentejo Mastiff), as its name suggests, comes from the Portuguese region of Alentejo, extending south of the Tagus River to the Algarve. The pedigree dog, that within the FCI belongs to the Group 2 (Molossoid), Mountain Dogs subsection, has a long history as a herding dog. Although little is known about the exact origin of this rare breed, their parents are supposed to be found in the molossian dogs of the Middle East. The Estrela Mountain Dog (Star Mountain Dog), also from portugal, was probably also involved in its origin.
In the Alentejo lowlands, shepherds used the Rafeiro of Alentejo to herd and drive cattle. It also, the intrepid four-legged friend protected the flock entrusted to him by reliably avoiding attacks by wild animals or rustlers. Especially at night the Rafeiro of Alentejo defended his flock to the blood. The wealthy large landowners appreciated the imposing dog not only as a vigilant protector, but also as a status symbol of strength and power.
As industrialization advanced and the large latifundia decreased, the rafeiro it got weirder. In the early 20th century, dogs of this type were almost extinct. However, a small circle of enthusiasts ensured that the breed was preserved. In 1940 a first breed standard was established. 14 years later, the Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI) finally recognized the breed.
Physical characteristics
When the Rafeiro of Alentejo, cattle thieves and wild animals quickly flee: Who would want to mess with such a big and powerful dog?
With a height at the withers of up to 76 cm and a weight of approximately 50 kg, the Portuguese breed dog has a very striking appearance. His massive head and strong, muscular body give a defensive impression.. Look calmly at your opponent with small brown eyes, between which there is a slight groove, but nothing escapes your watchful eye.
Despite its bulky shape and somewhat heavy and slow gait, the body of the Rafeiro of Alentejo seems to be rather long than wide. The neck offers a good transition to the shoulder, the back is straight. The tail is well furnished and thickened at the base, rather low and forms a slight upward curve when excited. In rest position it reaches to the hock. Ears of the Rafeiro they are medium in size and fall to one side when folded.
The dense and smooth coat of the Portuguese Sheepdog is short to medium length and has abundant undercoat, giving you reliable protection in all weather conditions. The Rafeiro of Alentejo it is available in black, gray wolf, leonado or yellow with or without white spots. A white base color with yellow spots is also allowed., as well as brindle specimens according to the breed standard.
Character and skills
At night, the Rafeiro of Alentejo he is in his best moment: nothing escapes your watchful eye, his good sense of smell and his excellent ears. Anyone who dares to enter their territory is captured without notice and, if required, wholesale. Pastors who have a Rafeiro they no longer have to fear rustlers or poachers.
Like a purebred dog, whose sole task is to accompany and protect his family, the Portuguese breed dog is completely unsuitable. Although he is faithful and loyal to his family, his innate sharpness is difficult to control even with consistent upbringing. After all, the intelligent and self-confident Rafeiro of Alentejo has always been used to working and acting independently. However, the will to subordinate and obedience are not among its strong points.
Who wants to keep a Rafeiro of Alentejo You must be able to offer him a large territory in which his watchful and protective instinct can live according to his mood. This does not mean, of course, that one should just let this dog go. A responsible owner socializes and educates his dog from the beginning. Shows you clearly who holds the reins in your hand and where your limits are. At the same time, he also accepts that his four-legged friend needs his freedom. The Rafeiro will never become a “good lap dog”.
Buy a “Rafeiro of Alentejo”
Those interested in a Rafeiro of Alentejo Purebreds sometimes have to go a long way to find a suitable breeder. However, people who want to buy this dog on a whim, should refrain from buying it. The Rafeiro it is and continues to be an excellent herd dog and should be kept in that context. Who wants to make it a suitable companion dog for the family, You are not doing yourself or the dog any favors..
Health and life expectancy of “Rafeiro of Alentejo”
The typical diseases of the breed are hardly known due to the low propagation of the breed. The Rafeiro it is a very robust dog whose life expectancy is comparatively high, of 12 to 14 years. However, like all dogs of their size and format, You may also have joint problems such as hip joint dysplasia or elbow dysplasia.
The diet of the “Rafeiro of Alentejo”
In principle, this breed has no specific dietary needs. However, a balanced and healthy diet is, of course, also important for this dog – also or especially regarding possible joint problems. Therefore, following the high energy puppy diet, a fairly low protein food should be given first to prevent the young dog from growing too quickly. In the adult dog, the energy value of the food can increase again. Now, fresh meat, through which the necessary amount of animal protein is absorbed, should mainly fill the feeding bowl. Fresh vegetables and rice are suitable as a healthy garnish. Fish can be given as an alternative to meat.
Characteristics "Rafeiro of Alentejo"
Coexistence is important that you have with your new friend. Before considering the acquisition of a dog of the breed "Rafeiro of Alentejo" you know certain factors. Not all breeds of dogs are apt to live in an apartment, you must take into account his character, their need for exercise, their interaction with other pets, their care and if you have small children, their level of tolerance towards them.
Adaptation ⓘ
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friendly dog ⓘ
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hair loss ⓘ
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Affection level ⓘ
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Need for exercise ⓘ
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Social need ⓘ
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Home ⓘ
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Toilet ⓘ
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Friendly with strangers ⓘ
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barking ⓘ
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Health ⓘ
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Territorial ⓘ
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Cat friendly ⓘ
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Intelligence ⓘ
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Versatility ⓘ
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Child friendly ⓘ
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Surveillance ⓘ
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joy ⓘ
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Type and recognitions:
FCI CLASSIFICATION:
Group :
Section : . .
Federations:
– FCI – Pinscher and Schnauzer-Molossoid type dogs – Swiss Mountain Dogs and Cattledogs. Section 2.2 Molossoid, mountain type. ⓘ
– AKC – FSS ⓘ
– UKC – Watchdog ⓘ
FCI breed standard "Rafeiro of Alentejo"
FCI - Rafeiro of Alentejo
Alternative names:
1. Rafeiro do Alentejo, Alentejo-Mastiff, alentejo mastiff (English).
2. mâtin de l’Alentejo, mastiff de l’Alentejo (French).
3. Rafeiro do Alentejo, Rafeiro, Alentejo-Mastiff (German).
4. Mastim Português, Mastim do Alentejo (Portuguese).
5. Mastín del Alentejo (español).
The Yugoslavian Shepherd Dog Sharplanina is a brave dog, quiet, safe and reserved with strangers.
Content
History
As it is the case with many breeds, the true origins of this big guy are unknown, although there are theories that try to approach them. Some authors raised that their ancestors were the ancient molossians, especially dogs from Greece and livestock guarding dogs from Turkey.
Other authors believe that the Yugoslavian Shepherd Dog Sharplanina, drift of Asian dogs that arrived in Europe accompanied by migration of peoples who were engaged in raising them. This theory is the most widely accepted today..
The race was initially recognized by the Federation Cynologique Internationale (FCI) in 1939 under the name Illyrian Shepherd Dog, demonstrating the ancient name of the native region of these dogs.
In 1957, at the request of the Yugoslav Canine Federation (JKS), the FCI changed the name to Yugoslav Shepherd Dog–Yugoslavian Shepherd Dog Sharplanina, because it is in the Šar Mountains (Šar Planina in South Slavic languages, is a mountain range located on the southern border of Serbia in the province of Kosovo and in the northwestern part of the Republic of Macedonia), where is concentrated the largest number of specimens of the breed.
If there is something indisputable it is that the Yugoslavian Shepherd Dog Sharplanina, lives since ancient times in the mountainous regions of the former Yugoslavia, from where it has spread throughout the Balkan Peninsula and recently, beyond these borders.
The image of the Yugoslavian Shepherd Dog Sharplanina appears on the obverse of the coin 1 Denar, issued in the Republic of Macedonia in the year 1993, and also is the emblematic character of the coat of arms of Honey, a city in the South of Kosovo, which is located in the region of the Šar Mountains.
The Yugoslavian Shepherd Dog Sharplanina has reached the ranches of North America as an esteemed sheepdog and cattle guardian. Predator problems have been greatly diminished once a Yugoslavian Shepherd Dog Sharplanina , takes the responsibility of a herd. You are one of the few dogs that can chase away a wolf or bear.
Physical characteristics
The Yugoslavian Shepherd Dog Sharplanina, is a large size dog, It is quite above average when it comes to large breeds. It is also robust and equipped with a strong Constitution.
The height males average is of 56 to 62 cm and females is of 54 to 58 cm.. The length of the body is slightly greater than the height at the withers.
Although some authors speak of the existence of individuals whose actions were between 75 and 85 cm. of height and a weight of 65 to 100 kg.
– The huge head is proportional to the body, It has the skull slightly convex and slightly longer than the muzzle.
– The eyes of the Yugoslavian Shepherd Dog Sharplanina they are almond-shaped and chestnut-colored (light or dark), transmit an expression of serenity but the look is penetrating.
– The ears they are medium-sized, flat and hang on the cheeks.
– The tail It is long and Sabre-shaped, if it is in a state of alert, it carries it high, barely exceeding the line of the back.
– The fur It is long in some parts of the body and short in others. In the head, the ears and the anterior part of the extremities, is short. The length of the neck, the body and the back of the limbs and tail, is long.
– Regard to the the fur color, all uniform colors are supported but it is preferable to be gray iron and gray very dark. As well, at the top of the head, the neck and the trunk have darker hair.
Character and skills
The Yugoslavian Shepherd Dog Sharplanina it is silent, active and very protective, extremely bright, but very independent. It is an extremely good watchdog, and very reserved with strangers. The Yugoslavian Shepherd Dog Sharplanina they are calm sheepdogs, very smart, which is why, wisely, they choose their friends, trust no one too fast. They are naturally fearless defenders of the pack, as well as his master and his property, so everything he considers his property is jealously and unconditionally guarded. This is a dog with character and very dominant that requires work.. If we just want this dog to be a companion, constant professional education from an early age is essential.
The animals that live with him on the farm will be under his protection and there is no need to fear for them.. However, does not tolerate strange and unknown animals, often aggressive, and the same problems can happen with smaller pets, that can be seen as prey.
She will get along well with the children she will be together with from an early age, will be devoted and protective of them, and you may consider children you don't know as uninvited guests, so we must be very careful. You must be especially careful with younger children, since he will watch over them all the time due to the shepherd's instinct, but if the children want to get away, will drag them back, so you can injure them without realizing it.
Observations
Similar to the Caucasian Shepherd Dog –that is very much– has a temperament more characteristic of a guard dog than a herd dog.
Let us not forget that this agility, He was selected to defend the herds of the attack of wolves that were previously very numerous in their homeland.
It is necessary that the owner of this dog is a person responsible and very conscious of the copy that is in charge of, the Yugoslavian Shepherd Dog Sharplanina, It has a specially developed and powerful teeth, It can be a real danger if the dog is not given a correct and healthy education.
Education “Yugoslavian Shepherd Dog Sharplanina”
This is not a suitable dog for beginners. He is very suspicious and incorruptible. Usually, is completely loyal to a single owner. Education must be clear, consistent and should be carried out from the first meeting with the puppy. Early socialization is mandatory. With an inadequate education, this dog can become uncontrollable, very aggressive, dangerous even to the owner.
Required activity
These dogs really need a lot of exercise. If the dog goes to work on a farm, will meet your daily career needs while working, otherwise, need a longer walk or daily run.
Suitable environment
This is a dog suitable exclusively for outdoor life. You will feel better on a farm or in a larger rural fenced yard because you will be able to run freely and perform your primary role as a sheepdog..
Care “Yugoslavian Shepherd Dog Sharplanina”
Your care is not too demanding. Thick hair just needs brushing once in a while, once a week will be enough, except when you change your coat that more frequent brushing is recommended. As with other dogs, this breed also needs to clean their ears, eyes and shorten their claws.
Health “Yugoslavian Shepherd Dog Sharplanina”
No known genetic health problems, it is considered a relatively healthy breed. As with other large breeds, hip dysplasia can occur in this breed.
The Pyrenean Mountain Dog is a guardian and protector with territorial claims.
Content
History
The Pyrenean Mountain Dog is an ancient watchdog of the mountainous world of the Pyrenees. There it is officially called Chien de Montagne des Pyrénées. The people of the Pyrenees call him the cute little one Patou. The pyrenees, like a vast, deserted and rugged, previously inaccessible mountain range, form the natural border between France and Spain. Here there were and there are wolves and bears, with the consequent problem for ranchers. It also, sheep used to be one of the few livelihoods of the people here. While in Germany and other Central European countries people lament the return of the wolf and complain about the damage caused to game and sheep herds, in the Pyrenees dogs such as the Patou from time immemorial. And there are no complaints. Guard dogs are an integral part of every flock of sheep in the Pyrenees mountains.
On the French side, they are officially called Chien de Montagne des Pyrénées or Pyrenäenberghund, on the Spanish side Perro de montaña de los Pirineos or Gran Pirineo. In addition to protecting herds against thieves, wolves and bears, also protected large estates. His powerful figure, his determination and ability to attack in an emergency were not without effect. The impression must have been so lasting that his work was already documented in writings from antiquity and the Middle Ages.. It is reported that the dogs would have recognized people from afar by their clothes. In 1391 it is said that the Count of Foix did a test. If he came disguised as a tramp, the dogs attacked him from afar without hesitation. If he came dressed as a count, he wasn't bothered.
The Patou was not a uniform race in the past. In very remote valleys there were often local breeds, genetically isolated, optimized for your job task naturally, but in the end the same dogs came out with a very similar appearance and character, though they might have been genetically separated for generations. Extremely harsh living conditions obviously outweighed the disadvantages of inbreeding. Modern pedigree dog breeding took an interest in these impressive dogs very early on. Already at the first dog show in France, in 1863, a separate class was established for the Pyrenean Mountain Dog.
An attempt was made to establish the Patou also outside the Pyrenees as a watchdog and protection. In 1907 the first standard was established in France. However, due to the two world wars and the associated famine period, the population of Patou outside the mountains suffered serious setbacks. In 1955 obtained the official recognition of the FCI – International Cynological Federation.
Physical characteristics
The Pyrenean Mountain Dog is a big dog, imposing, powerful and at the same time athletic and agile. Doesn't seem clumsy or massive, but rather elegant piecework. It has a medium length coat, very dense and flexible, which can be slightly wavy. The bottom layer is also very dense. To the colors that the official standard says:
White or white with gray spots (badger gray or wolf gray), pale yellow or orange (rusty) in the head, ears and base of tail, sometimes also in the body.
The Pyrenean Mountain Dog it has a majestic height at the withers 70 and 80 centimeters in males and 65 to 75 in females. The weight must be between 60 and 70 kg. The measurements are quite similar to those taken by the Conde de Bylandt when he first described the breed in 1897, when he just called the dogs “Chien des Pyréneés“. The head of the Patou remember the contours of a molosser. Shows a very alert and attentive facial expression. It is a dog that rests in itself, who first of all observes everything, seemingly listless. This is underlined by his eyes, they're supposed to be sweet and dreamy, with its dark amber color.
Character and skills
The Pyrenean Mountain Dog is a guardian and protector with territorial claims. He looks cute and calm looking, sublime and imposing almost like a blank teddy bear, but you must not be wrong. It has a strong character combined with a very own but clear idea of ​​how it should behave – and the others in their domain. This idea is naturally shaped by its use throughout the centuries, where he had to defend his flock to life or death as a guard without the presence of the shepherd and, therefore, had to make decisions independently. The official standard classifies his character qualities as follows:
Since the dog was used exclusively to protect herds against attacks by predators, its selection for breeding was based on its suitability as a guardian, their respectable appearance and also their relationship with the herd. The resulting characteristics are strength and agility., as well as the sweetness and attachment to his protégés. This watchdog has a tendency to independence and initiative, which requires some authority from his master.
One Pyrenean Mountain Dog should only be held by an experienced and mentally strong person. First of all, not a family dog. However, it can become so if it has extremely competent guidance from its master or caretaker and if the external conditions are right. Only then can he be a good family dog ​​and lovingly protect all members of the family., including other four-legged friends. It also, is a good guardian and extremely reliable protector of the house and all those who, in your opinion -which should be clarified-, belong to it. Towards strangers he is suspicious.
Fitness
The Pyrenean Mountain Dog it is extremely undemanding in its maintenance – if one ignores the aforementioned restrictions due to its nature as a watchdog. It is undemanding in its nutrition as well as in its accommodation. You can spend the whole year outside without problems – as long as you have a suitable hiding place and “suitable” does not mean neither kennel nor chain, because he must be able to move in his territory. This large, self-confident dog is quite sensitive and places great importance on a close emotional bond with his human family.. You need a trusting relationship with your master or caregiver.
Thanks to modern pedigree dog breeding, the Patou is better prepared for a big city life than other herd protection dog breeds like the Kangal or the Central Asian Shepherd Dog. So if you have a large, well-fenced property in the country, if you have joy, fun, experience and the possibility of getting involved with these dogs, you can experience a particularly impressive and beautiful facet of the human-dog association.
Pyrenean Mountain Dog Education
The education of Pyrenean Mountain Dog belongs to the hands of a teacher or lover with deep experience and canine knowledge. Like any other race, Pyrenean mountain dogs must be well socialized and educated since they are puppies. It would be irresponsible to want to keep such a dog as a beginner.
Care and health of the Pyrenean Mountain Dog
Absolutely easy to care for and undemanding. The Pyrenean Mountain Dog generally enjoys very robust health. Some health problems may include hip dysplasia; heart problems such as tricuspid valve dysplasia; cancers like osteosarcoma (bone cancer); eye problems such as persistent pupil membranes, progressive retinal atrophy and cataracts; dissecting osteochondritis (an orthopedic problem), patellar dislocation (dislocation of the patella) and swelling.
Nutrition / Food
The Pyrenean Mountain Dog he has no problem with his diet.
Life expectancy of the Pyrenean Mountain Dog
The Pyrenean Mountain Dog have a very high life expectancy of 12 and sometimes more years relative to its size.
Characteristics "Pyrenean Mountain Dog"
Coexistence is important that you have with your new friend. Before considering the acquisition of a dog of the breed"Pyrenean Mountain Dog" you know certain factors. Not all breeds of dogs are apt to live in an apartment, you must take into account his character, their need for exercise, their interaction with other pets, their care and if you have small children, their level of tolerance towards them.
– FCI – Pinscher and Schnauzer-Molossoid type dogs – Swiss Mountain Dogs and Cattledogs. Section 2.2 Molossoid, mountain type. ⓘ
– AKC – Working dogs ⓘ
– ANKC – Group 6 (utility dogs) ⓘ
– CKC – Group 3 – Working dogs ⓘ
– KC – Sheepdogs ⓘ
– NZKC – Utility dog ⓘ
– UKC – Watchdog ⓘ
FCI breed standard "Pyrenean Mountain Dog"
FCI - Pyrenean Mountain Dog
Alternative names:
1. Great Pyrenees, Patou, Montañés del Pirineo, Perro de Montaña de los Pirineos, Can de Montaña de os Perinés, Chien des Pyrénées, Chien de Montagne des Pyrénées, Pyr, GP, PMD, Gentle Giant (English).
2. montagne des Pyrénées, pastou, patou (French).
3. Chien de Montagne des Pyrénées, Patou (German).
4. Chien de Montagne des Pirénées (Portuguese).
5. Gran Pirineo, Chien des Pyrénées, Chien de Montagne des Pyrénées, Gigante de los Pirineos, Gran Pirineu, Muntanya dels Pirineus, Patou (español).
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Once you get to know Leonberger dogs better, you will be enchanted by them forever.
Content
History
The Leonberger it is a very big and beautiful dog. In his head and in his charisma he remembers a St. Bernard and a lion at the same time. And this is not a coincidence, because the St. Bernard is one of the ancestors of Leonberger. The Leo, as his friends call it, It is a young and at the same time old breed of dog. This breed is ancient, because it has been specifically bred to the standard since 1846. The Leo It, therefore, one of the oldest dog breeds in modern breeding. At the same time it is a breed of young dog; because it was only created at that time. Most other pedigree dogs have a long history and originated from ancient working dog breeds..
The Leonberger, However, has a different and unique story. Among 1820 and 1850 San Bernardo became fashionable throughout Europe. The heroic exploits of the legendary St. Bernard Barry at the Great St. Bernard Pass in the Alps had a great effect. Barry has been shown to save more than 40 people of death by snow. Everywhere people wanted these big dogs and they were (and they are) really big dogs.
Breeders and traders were unable to meet the high demand. At the same time high prices were paid for a puppy of St. Bernard. So quite a few dog dealers from southwestern Germany helped out without further ado.. They mated St. Bernard with very big bitches from the region. The pups that looked like a St. Bernard they were sold as such, but for the others there were at most a few potatoes from a farmer. The dog trade was – as it still is today – a lucrative business and some sold hundreds of puppies a year and became rich.
Like Leonberg City Hall and dog vendor Heinrich Essig. An intelligent idea occurred to him and turned need into virtue. He created a brand out of the puppies that he could not market as St. Bernard. Instead of giving them away, sold the puppies for good money. Thus was born the Leonberger. Inspired by the lion from the coat of arms of his hometown, this new breed of dog has the appearance of a lion. His dogs were nicknamed Leonhardiner in the envious competition. Also in the official world of dogs these hybrids went unnoticed for a long time. Like this, el cinólogo Ludwig Beckmann, universally recognized at that time, he does not even mention the Leonhardiner in his two-volume work “The breeds of the dog” (dog breeds) of 1895. From the point of view of health, such a genetically heterogeneous offspring is an advantage.
The Leonberger should be a success in all respects. Today it belongs to the primitive rocks of the world of purebred dogs., that no dog lover wants to miss. In 1895 was founded the “International Dog Club Leonberger“, which quickly achieved official recognition of the Leonberger like race. In 1948 followed by “German Dog Club Leonberger” based in Leonberg, who still represents the Leonberger at VDH and around the world. The Leonberger has a unique charisma, imposing and at the same time friendly, quiet and just sovereign. Its appearance is reminiscent of a lion and its character is also majestic, peaceful and totally suitable for families.
Physical characteristics
The Leonberger It is an impressive large dog with a height at the withers in males between 72 and 80 cm and in females between 65 and 75 cm.. No weight given. However, will be some 80 kg. The standard describes its appearance as:
“In accordance with its original purpose, the Leonberger it's a very big dog, strong, muscular and elegant at the same time. It is characterized by a harmonious build and a self-assured calm with a lively temperament.. Especially the male dog is powerful and powerful.”
Its coat should be medium soft to thick, broadly long, well lying. The Leo has a strong inner layer. The shapes of your physique should be recognizable. On the neck and chest, the fur, especially in males, must form a mane. The coat will be lion yellow, red, reddish brown and all the combinations between them, but always with a black mask. In favor of this lion gaze, hereditary factors related to health and longevity have been neglected.
A study published by the University of Vienna evaluated 7582 layers of Leonberger between 1932 and 2009. “It was determined that the average age of death of the Leonberger It was from 7,55 years”. During the study period, life expectancy had even decreased in 1,5 years in the last three decades. With a healthy upbringing, 10 or 12 years would be normal. The breed has recognized these warning signs and is now focusing more on the health and extension of the life expectancy of these large dogs..
Character and skills
The mind of a Leonberger is pious as a lamb. Being with him is pure slowdown for man. The essence is described in the standard:
as family dog, the Leonberger is a pleasant companion in current living conditions, that can be carried everywhere without any difficulty and is characterized by a pronounced kindness towards children. He is neither shy nor aggressive. As a companion dog it is a pleasant companion., obedient and fearless in all life situations.
The strength of character required includes above all: self confidence, sovereign calm, average temperament (including game instinct), willingness to subordinate, good learning and memorizing ability and noise tolerance. The character of Leonberger impresses all dog lovers.
Once you get to know dogs better Leonberger, you will be enchanted by them forever. There is almost nothing that can disturb this giant. His very high stimulus threshold as well as his stoic composure are the necessary counterpart to his enormous strength.. These two poles thus characterize the nature of Leonberger. Here and there is something stubborn. Only good persuasion and pleading will help., then he will do everything for his master or lady. But as a family member he is very kind. Seeks proximity to its humans. It is a reliable protector for them. The Leonberger he is a great guy, a fascinating dog!
Fitness
The Leonberger not an easy dog ​​to keep due to its size. By its nature, has very few demands. A daily walk, brushed once a week, that was all. You don't need a big garden, but a garden is already useful. He likes to take possession of it. Therefore, a small apartment on the nth floor would not be for him. Does not fit in all cars. One must consider: You're mine, the whole car will get wet. Leo can bear the heat, but it should not be challenged. prefers the cold. The Leonberger he is a great friend and not an object for acting addicts.
It should also be borne in mind that in our current society, large dogs are often rejected. Some people just fear a giant like Leo, even if he behaves – as is normal for him – exemplary. This is one of the reasons why it is not advisable to keep it in the big city..
One must have a sufficient budget to be able to pay a lot of good food and, in case of doubt, also the vet. It also, should have considered before buying what to do if the dog is sick and may need to bring 80 kg or more. Last, but not less important, there are many practical things that have a profound influence on everyday life. Here one must take real responsibility and honestly look in the mirror if all the conditions for a happy coexistence with dogs are met. Leonberger. Who can claim this, is in an enviable situation of dog owner. The Leonberger worth a sin.
Leonberger's Education
It must be remembered that in a Leo adult, the leash is just a symbol of control. The Leonberger has the power to control the other end of the strap. But he doesn't want. The Leonberger it's basically easy to train. Only his stubbornness has to be broken here and there with consistent smoothness.. He wants to follow his lord and master and he does it very reliably. It is an elementary duty of the owner of a Leonberger to pay attention to a consistent education already in the puppy. Because only this and not the leash makes wonderful walks in nature possible, that together with this great four-legged friend become a balm for the soul of agitated people. The great dog should never be “educated” by blows or barracks methods. Because that would cause the exact opposite of education and end in disaster..
Leonberger care
Caring for a healthy Leo is not a problem. Brushing the coat once a week is enough.
Nutrition / Food
You need a lot of high quality food. A raised bowl is useful to counteract the risk of stomach twisting. Always pay attention to the weight.
Leonberger Health
As in most large dogs, we see hip or elbow dysplasia. Osteosarcoma, the most common bone tumor in dogs, It is also very common in Leonberger.
Leonberge life expectancy
Before the life expectancy of a Leonberger It was from 12 years, today is from 7 to 9 years. The breeding is working to recover the possible natural life of a healthy dog. He is accompanied here by a research project of the University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover.
Buy a Leonberger
The purchase of a Leo it should be long-term and well thought out. You should carefully check if you have all the requirements to be able to spend many wonderful years with this giant.. If you are looking for a puppy, you should make sure above all that the dogs are not bred too much. Ask about ancestors, their illnesses, his age reached. You should see an FCI affiliated breeder Leonberger. Really, a Leonberger it costs about 2.000 EUR.
The aggressiveness of Dogo Canario should not be overly stimulated. It is an optimal guardian and defender without the need for training.
Content
History
The Dogo Canario It is a classic moloso. It is the offspring of an ancient and in this ancient form is only rarely found in Central Europe today.. It has many names: Presa Canario, Perro de Presa, Perro de Toro, Alano o Presa Canario. Dogs of the current type Dogo Canario they existed still ago 200 years everywhere. They were the old saupackers, bear teethers, guard dogs, butcher dogs, the ancestors of the current great danes, bulldogs, boxers and mastiffs. They are extremely strong and bulky dogs, that even today are summarized as molossers. They were already bred in ancient times and have always been highly appreciated. They were used on large farms, with livestock herds or for example on merchant ships such as guard and protection dogs, served as herding dogs and as hunting dogs for wild boar or bear. They served rulers like Hammurabi as war dogs, they had them carved in stone in full recognition does 3700 years.
Due to its strength, courage and determination, have been used as fighting dogs in the arenas of animal fighting since Roman times. Molossians have a commanding head with a rather short snout and long lips.. The ears are usually worn hanging. According to the traditions of antiquity in words and images, the main characteristics of the molossian have remained essentially the same for thousands of years, but in recent centuries and especially due to modern dog breeding, the classic type of molosser has been lost to some extent. In extreme cases strange shapes have been bred with many extremely short folds or snouts such as bulldogs or giants like him Great Dane or the Mastiff. The Dog is still raised in his homeland only for his performance at work.
Therefore, chances are that the Dogo Canario still personify the type Molosoide as was common in the old days. It is clearly recognized as trotting, but does not suffer from cultivated exaggerations of any bodily characteristics or traits. Can only hope it stays that way. Unfortunately, breeders are very much at odds with Dogo Canario. They haven't even managed to agree on a name and a registry office. Since 1991 has been officially considered as “The Canary Presa Dog” among the natural symbols of the Canary Islands. Meanwhile in 2001 the Spanish Ministry of Agriculture recognized these dogs as a national breed also under the name of Dogo Canario, the same dogs were then provisionally recognized as Dogo Canario by the world federation FCI in 2001 and finally in 2011. Other names are Perro de Presa y Alano. Alano It is an old word that means Great Dane.
Physical characteristics
The Dogo Canario, Perro de Presa, Perro de Toro, Alano o Presa Canario – all designations for the same four-legged friend – he is an elegant dog that radiates athletic power. He is an athletic, muscular, elongated but nevertheless typical molosser.
The skull-muzzle ratio is approximately 6:4. The upper lip rests a little flaccidly on the lower one. The eyes, medium-sized, they are oval and hazelnut, the ears, high, they are separated from each other and are shaped like a button; they are only amputated to remember their original function as a combat dog. The neck, long and muscular, shows a slight dewlap. The tail is implanted high: thick at the base, is tuned to the extreme. the belly is retracted, but the last ribs stand out only slightly, giving a harmonious harp shape. Limbs are sturdy, muscular and perfectly plumb; angulation of the hind limbs is not very marked.
The difference between male and female bulldogs desired by the FCI standard is therefore unnaturally large. In any case, desires of this standard for outward appearance should not be taken so seriously.
Because fortunately this originally preserved dog breed, robust and healthy has set its standard “By herself”, more exactly for their performance at work, and has kept it in the practice of life until today. People, who now wants to put him in a standard of modern pedigreed dog breeding, don't even agree to the principle, as we can see in its history of the breed. Modern pedigreed dog breeding has done no breed of dog any good, both in terms of health and character. In old times, the Bulldog fitted with pleasure to the ears, so that they protruded upwards. This is now prohibited. Today they show large down-hanging ears..
Fur: short, without Undercoat, pretty hard.
Color: leonado or atigrado. The tabby specimens have a wide range of colors, from very dark to a light gray with a rather cold tone.
Size: males, of 61 to 66 cm.; females, of 57 to 62 cm..
Character
The Dogo Canario is a quiet dog, balanced and self-assured. He is a powerful and defensive athlete who can show his performance at any time. Like all molossi, he is extremely kind, has strong nerves and a high stimulus threshold. However, he is more eager to move and not as lethargic as most molossers today bred only as companions. One Dogo Canario well socialized is friendly to people who know and like children. It is very sociable. Towards strangers is at first a little distant without fear. He is an incorruptible guardian, fearless and protective of his family without being aggressive himself. The FCI standard describes the character desired by the breed:
Calm appearance; alert look. It is especially suitable as a watchdog… His temperament is even-tempered and he is very self-confident.. Deep barking. He is docile and kind to his family members and with strong ties to his master, but you may suspect strangers. Self-assured demeanor, elegant and somewhat distant. When you are alert, his attitude is confident and alert.
It must be added that the Dogo Canario rarely barks. But if it barks once, it's pretty awesome.
Fitness
The Dogo Canario is undemanding in terms of external conditions. Of course: a small apartment in the big city would not be optimal for your attitude. But other than that it's easy to maintain. It is also a working dog, a guard, a driver, a hunting dog for hunting wild boar. The Dogo Canario it is suitable as a family dog ​​only on the condition that it is well socialized, well educated and physically fit. You also have to take into account a fact: It is considered a “dangerous dog” in many countries.
Dogo Canario Education
The Dogo Canario can be trained well, but still not a beginner dog. It is intelligent, very sociable and eager to work. But at the same time he is very powerful and assertive. In case of doubt, always the strongest end of the strap. Therefore, his master or caretaker should not leave doubts about his role as leader and this on the basis of natural authority. So this dog will gladly leave the leading role to his bipeds without reservation.. But it must be filled. The Dogo Canario it is even suitable for demanding tasks such as training as an assistance or protection dog. The basic requirement is that it comes from a serious breeder and that it has already been socialized there..
Dogo Canario health and care
The Dogo Canario has no special demands on your care.
Typical diseases
Breed-specific diseases are not known.. Due to his still short career as an official pedigree dog, it can be assumed that the population of the Dogo Canario, Presa Dog or Presa Canario – Whatever this ancient breed of dog is called – enjoys robust health.
Nutrition / Food
The Dogo Canario has no special demands on their diet.
Life expectancy Dogo Canario
There are no reliable figures on life expectancy. Seriously raised, the Dogo Canario should be able to live off 10 to 12 years.
Buy Dogo Canario
Before making a purchase, be aware that the restrictive attitude of the State can cause many problems in daily life and additional financial burdens. The Dogo Canario it is a large and powerful dog that belongs to the hands of an experienced teacher or lover. The cost of a Dogo Canario is of some 1200 EUR.
Characteristics "Dogo Canario"
Coexistence is important that you have with your new friend. Before considering the acquisition of a dog of the breed "Dogo Canario" you know certain factors. Not all breeds of dogs are apt to live in an apartment, you must take into account his character, their need for exercise, their interaction with other pets, their care and if you have small children, their level of tolerance towards them.
The Central Asian Shepherd Dog It is a cat with dog skin, sensitive and partner.
Content
History
The dog Central Asian Shepherd Dog (среднеазиатская овчарка or Sredneaziatskaya Ovtcharka, also known as, Volkodav or The Crusher Wolf) is recognized by the FCI, as a breed of molosser dog Russia, where most of the copies.
Russian cynological clubs agree that this is one of the most popular breeds in the country, on many occasions, considering it the number 1 in the ranking of Russian dog breeds.
The Central Asian Shepherd Dog It probably originated in a geographical area between the Urals, the Caspian Sea, Asia minor, and the Northwest of the border of China. The Central Asian Shepherd Dog, as well as mixtures with other breeds, yet, can be found in their countries of origin, as Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan, Afghanistan, Uzbekistan and neighboring countries.
Some serve as guardians of livestock, some protect their owners, and some are used for dog fighting, which is a national tradition in many countries of the region. Russian scientists and biologists have studied the local dog population since the 18th century., so far.
After the Communist revolution, the Soviet Government focused on the working dog breeds for the Red Army, and imported the best representatives of the race to Russia accordance with the requirements of the army and guard dogs. For decades, This practice has harmed the local population. In addition to a large number of casualties, the introduction of new breeds to the region led to crossbreeding. With the time, purebred dogs were only left with some pastors and race enthusiasts, but in other places there was an excess of crosses.
However, and despite all, today the population of purebred dogs Central Asian Shepherd Dog remains stable, in general, and the reproduction of some true quality dogs that do honor to his capacity for work has been, regardless of country of origin.
In Europe, the Central Asian Shepherd Dog is relatively unknown, but in the countries of Central Asia it is still used as a working dog and accompanies shepherds on their walks through the steppes.
Physical characteristics
This breed has many varieties that differ in the size, the color, head types, and the types of fur. For these reasons it is very difficult to establish an official standard of the breed.
The Central Asian Shepherd Dog it is a dog of large or medium size, of rough constitution and strong musculature. Its coat is composed of the hard and smooth top layer and the abundant and dense inner layer. The top layer can be short (3 – 5 cm.) or slightly longer (7 – 10 cm.). With a longer top layer forms a distinctive mane around the neck. Due to a well developed undercoat and different lengths of the top coat, dogs adapt well to different weather conditions.
The coat color of the Central Asian Shepherd Dog it's very diverse: it comes in the colors white, black, grey, red fox, Brown grey, straw yellow, mackerel, spotted and mottled.
The ears are triangular, low-set and pendulous. The tail is thick at the base and set quite high. The natural tail is long and is carried like a sickle tail. Tail and ear docking is still practiced in the countries of origin.
Although there are unique characteristics of the purebred breed of dog Central Asian Shepherd Dog, such as being extremely flexible, This is very notable in their joints, have false ribs, the very strong neck and a large Chin.
Some have a black mask. The head is very solid, the neck is of low insertion, short, with double chin. The body is quite broad and proportionate with very flat muscles.. The ribcage appears very long, because they have their famous false ribs. The legs are straight, typical movement is a gallop.
He has expressive eyes, almost human, revealing his inimitable intelligence.
According to the qualities of work required by the owners, the modern Pastor of Central Asia has been raised in different directions, trying to highlight specific skills. Within the traditional area of origin of these canes, the dog fights were always, but they were never so cruel and destructive as the fights of type Pit Bull Terrier.
Every year the shepherds of the area would gather to organize dog fights Central Asian Shepherd, but unlike the bloody and ruthless fights of which we are used to hearing news, in this case they were fighting for the guardianship of a herd, and the winner was the dog that eventually, it was done with the control of it. It was about 'domination' instead of destroying each other's own kind.
Dogs rarely hurt each other, minor scratches were caused in most cases. only true leaders, In fact, you measured through a real fight, but that was not the most common. The primary task of these dogs has always been the defence of the flock to the attacks of various predators and venomous snakes.
The Pastor of Central Asia, It is one of the most powerful group of livestock guardian dogs dogs, after the Caucasian Shepherd Dog, the Kangal, Akbash, for example.
The height at the cross 60 to 65 cm.. And weigh in 37 to 50 kg.
Character and skills
In the news, rural people continue to demand and use the Central Asian Shepherd Dog like cattle watchdog, Although not as well as old.
These dogs, to varying degrees, are protectors against human intruders, they are very territorial, excellent with children, shall ensure them as if were his flock were. Love and respect for older people are some of its characteristics, to protect all small animals from predators, they are very kind and attached with the members of the family.
They do not need any complicated training to learn the basic rules of the house but they are quite stubborn and very independent dogs., the Central Asian Shepherd Dog It must be able to work as a team to protect sheep against predators, therefore, If the animal has an overly aggressive character, both other dogs as with people outside the family, they cannot be members of a Pack, and it would not pass the simple test for the fulfillment of the object origin of the race.
The Central Asian Shepherd Dog can come from build lines which print a very different character: of work, combat, and livestock guardian, and act accordingly, regardless of the country of origin.
According to the different kennel clubs, the classification within the groups varies, the Russia Kennel Club classifies the Central Asian Shepherd Dog like a working dog, that is reflected in the exceptional results in obedience, protection and training relating to the army.
Modern reproduction of the main Canine Clubs of Russia requirements, require to register copies of Central Asian Shepherd Dog a mandatory temperament test and an accredited training certificate, Besides show rating. In these tests the ability of the dog stands for fit and adapt to dog guardians shepherds of other flocks, not be cause for conflict between dogs. The FCI classifies Central Asian Shepherd Dog in the group of dogs Molossoid.
While it is a good dog to live, We must not forget that the Pastor of Central Asia is a livestock protection dog, people and possessions, He was raised to solve single problems, is independent-minded, strong, brave and responsible.
It is a large but agile dog, sometimes described as a cat with dog skin, for that reason, and taking into account his strong instinct for protection and territoriality, It may not be a recommended breed for a novice owner.
Sensitive and Intelligent, the Central Asian Shepherd Dog You will respond better to someone who can inspire loyalty in you as well as strong leadership..
Heavy-handed training will be counterproductive with this breed, but respectful training, reflexive will result in a dedicated and inseparable companion.
The Central Asian Shepherd Dog he spent a considerable amount of time moving around in his homeland, and this kind of slow but steady exercise is what he likes more.
With a work to be done and a piece of property to protect, is the highest point of happiness and will always keep an eye on everything that happens.
Central Asian Shepherd Dog Health
the breed is still considered very healthy and extremely robust. Owners should not fear the typical diseases of the breed. However, from time to time, like in all big dogs, joint problems occur, especially on the knees.
Central Asian Shepherd Nutrition
Although many joint diseases are inherited, symptoms can often be prevented or at least relieved with the help of proper diet and posture. Particularly in the growth phase of dogs, care must be taken that animals do not shoot too fast. Too rapid growth due to excessive protein intake in the growing months is considered one of the most common causes of later joint diseases. In addition to a fairly low protein food, given in small amounts about three or four times a day, young dogs should also be physically preserved during this phase. Stairs or long walks should be avoided..
Meat as the main component of food
When the Central Asian Shepherd Dog is fully developed, the protein content of the feed can be increased again. The main component of dog food should be – like in all dogs – high quality meat. It can be cooked or raw or, if industrially produced food mixtures are used, can be dry or wet. Regardless of the feeding method preferred by the respective owner, it is important that the content and composition of the food is adapted to the needs of the dog. According to age, sex, size, activity level and living environment, the composition of the necessary nutrients can vary considerably. There is no correct food for Central Asian Shepherd Dog.
How much food does he need? Central Asian Shepherd Dog?
Nor can the question of the amount of food for all dogs of this breed be answered in general. If the composition of the food is correct, the Central Asian Shepherd Dog can cope with surprisingly small portions. Therefore, two meals a day are usually enough for an adult dog, which should be given at fixed times if possible. Portions too large, too many “sandwiches” between meals and lack of rest after feeding can increase the risk of stomach torsion.
Central Asian Shepherd Dog care
Like nomadic dog, the Central Asian Shepherd Dog it's quite undemanding, this applies not only to the size of your food portions, but also in your care. Short to medium length coat proves to be very resistant and requires little grooming. However, should be brushed regularly to remove dirt and maintain healthy hair structure. The claws should also be trimmed to avoid injury and teeth, ears and eyes should be checked and cleaned regularly.
Central Asian Shepherd Dog Education
The purchase of a Central Asian Shepherd Dog must be well considered – although this applies to all breeds of dogs, it is especially true for this breed from Central Asia. It is not a family dog ​​in the classical sense nor is it suitable for a city life. This freedom-loving and independent dog finds it difficult to cope with living conditions in European industrial nations.
Who is this breed suitable for?
In the hands of livestock keepers and keepers who live in remote and isolated places, this protective dog of the pack is still in the best hands. Also people who live far from the city, own a large lot and wish to have a capable watchdog, can be considered as owners of this Central Asian Shepherd Dog. However, experience and some knowledge in dog training should be prerequisites to keep this breed. It also, an owner needs above all time and patience, because the socialization and education of this self-confident four-legged friend, who doesn't think much about blind obedience, It is hard work. How Central Asian dogs tend to dominate, they need a trainer who constantly sets limits for them and who shows them with the necessary empathy (not to be confused with willingness to compromise) that it is worth trusting and following your human.
Can a harmonious coexistence succeed?
The Central Asian Shepherd Dog certainly not a family dog ​​in the classical sense, so its maintenance as a pure house and companion dog is absolutely inadvisable. This does not mean that a Owtscharka can't live together with humans. In a family that appreciates its natural instinct for vigilance and protection and gives it its original task of guarding the house, the yard and the cattle, the Central Asian Shepherd Dog is quite adaptable and human-oriented. A basic socialization, that is to say, early contact with other people and animals, is as important to harmonious coexistence as sufficient opportunities for running and consistent parenting.
– FCI – Pinscher and Schnauzer-Molossoid type dogs – Swiss Mountain Dogs and Cattledogs. Section 2.2 Molossoid, mountain type. ⓘ
– AKC – FSS ⓘ
– ANKC – Group 6 (utility dogs) ⓘ
– NZKC – Utility dog ⓘ
– UKC – Watchdog ⓘ
FCI breed standard "Central Asian Shepherd Dog"
FCI - Central Asian Shepherd Dog
Alternative names:
1. Alabai, Central Asian Ovtcharka, CAO Aziat (English).
2. Chien de berger d’Asie centrale (French).
3. Zentralasiatischer Owtscharka (German).
4. Türkmen Alabaý, mastim-da-ásia-central (Portuguese).
5. Perro Pastor de Asia Central (español).
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The Bosnian and Herzegovinian - Croatian Shepherd Dog It is a very sensitive and quiet dog.
Content
History
The Bosnian and Herzegovinian - Croatian Shepherd Dog, also called Tornjak, it is an ancient breed of dog, and its exact origin is lost in the meanders of history. Most specialists agree that it is one of the descendants of the Tibetan Mastiff (Do-Khy), that arrived in Europe several thousand years ago.
Some accounts suggest that it already existed in the Dinaric Alps (in present-day Bosnia) at the time of the Roman Empire, almost ago 2000 years. However, the first descriptions of a dog corresponding to the Bosnian and Herzegovinian - Croatian Shepherd Dog can be found in documents of the Bosnian Catholic Church dating from 1067.
Three centuries later, in 1374, Petar Horvat, then bishop of Dakovo, Croatia, He also described a dog that resembled the Bosnian and Herzegovinian - Croatian Shepherd Dog in all aspects, size, color and function. At that time it was called Canis Montanis (“mountain dog”) and I was already working with the shepherds, leading flocks of sheep in the mountain pastures and, above all, protecting them from the attacks of wolves.
The name Tornjak first appeared in 1752 in the writings of Father Petar Lukic, member of the Dakovo Catholic Church. It is said to derive from the Croatian word “Tor”, which could be translated as “flock of sheep”.
This dog was found mainly in present-day Bosnian territory, and to a lesser extent in Croatia. The first scientific references to it date back to the beginning of the 20th century., and more precisely to 1905, when Austrian dog fan Franz Laska accurately identified a mountain dog seen in Bosnia, call Tornjak by the locals. However, the Tornjak remained confined to the mountains for a long time. It even declined sharply in the following decades as lifestyles changed and grazing decreased.. Its population grew from several thousand in the nineteenth century to just under a hundred in the decades of 1960 and 1970, when a few Croatian and Bosnian enthusiasts conducted a census to preserve the breed.
If most of the identified specimens then came from Bosnia, it was in Croatia that a breeding program was established in the late 80. In 1979, in Zagreb (Croatia), the Yugoslavia Canine Association officially recognized the breed, and in 1982 the first litter with a complete pedigree was born as a result of this breeding program. Despite this almost rebirth, the Tornjak he was not at the end of his problems, since the explosion of Yugoslavia in 1991 and the civil war that followed caused him many difficulties.
The new Croatian Canine Association decided to identify a breed Tornjak croata, while his counterpart in Bosnia-Herzegovina spoke of the Tornjak bosnio. Although these dogs were in all respects the same, the fact that they were considered two separate breeds prevented them from breeding with each other, for example.
Was not up 2003 that the two organizations unified their standards under the name of Tornjak. In 2007, the Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI) provisionally recognized the Tornjak, that took the name of Bosnian and Herzegovinian - Croatian Shepherd Dog. At that moment, there was 1800 specimens recorded in Croatia, and 2700 in Bosnia.
After this recognition, the breed timidly began to make a name for itself outside the countries of the former Yugoslavia. El American United Kennel Club (UKC) accepted it in 2011, while the American Kennel Club (AKC), the other reference organization in the country, included it in 2012 in his Foundation Stock Service (FSS), a preliminary step before full recognition, what has not yet been produced to date. The first specimens arrived in Great Britain in 2013, and steps were taken to gain recognition from the prestigious and influential Kennel Club (KC), the reference body of the country. They haven't been successful yet. in Canada, the Canadian Kennel Club (KC) does not recognize the Bosnian and Herzegovinian - Croatian Shepherd Dog. However, year 2017 marked its final acceptance by the CFI.
Very popular in his home region, the Bosnian and Herzegovinian - Croatian Shepherd Dog struggles to win over audiences beyond his native region. It is extremely rare in North America, and it is not very common in Western Europe either. In France, He came in 2010. At the end of this decade, there were an average of fifty registrations per year in the Livre des Origines Français (LOF).
Physical characteristics
Great and powerful, the Tornjaks retain above-average agility and flexibility for a mountain dog.
They have an almost square shape, with strong bones that are not heavy, giving them a harmonious overall appearance. The tail is long, very mobile and bushy. When falling to rest, rises well above the level of the back when in action, which is uncommon in mountain dogs. Legs are powerful, parallel and raised.
The head is elongated, with a slight stop. The muzzle is rectangular and ends in a dark nose with wide nostrils.. The eyes are also dark and almond-shaped. The ears, triangular and hairy, stand tall and fall along the cheeks.
The undercoat is dense and thick, with a woolly texture in winter. The stiff top coat is long all over the body, except on the face and front of the legs. It is particularly abundant on the neck, forming a mane that protects it from predator bites.
The Bosnian and Herzegovinian - Croatian Shepherd Dog and the Croatian Sheepdog are the ones that most often have a particular color, although there are white subjects, with only a few small spots of color. White is the most common background color, with markings of various colors: black, brown, cervato… More rarely, some individuals have a black coat stained with white.
Last, sexual dimorphism is well marked in this breed: the female is not only smaller on average by about 5 cm., but also less massive.
Character and skills
The Tornjak he is surprisingly outgoing and caring for a shepherd who has worked for centuries in the mountains. He likes to spend time with his family, and is willing to play with older and smaller animals. In fact, he is a dog that adores children, and can spend hours entertaining them – The opposite also is true. However, due to its size and power, could easily inadvertently push a small child, so it is better if you are already a certain age, especially since then he is more likely to learn to behave with an animal and to respect it. In any case, a young child should never be left alone with a dog, regardless of race.
His attachment to the family he grew up with also means he can hardly get used to life in a new home if life's perils mean he has to change owners.. You are likely to have the greatest difficulty recovering from abandonment.
In addition to their great closeness to their caregivers, the Bosnian and Herzegovinian - Croatian Shepherd Dog he's also surprisingly personable with strangers. It barks when they approach and perfectly fulfills its guardian mission, but do not hesitate to go greet them and accept some caresses once their carer has validated their arrival.
However, it would be a mistake to forget that their main function is to protect their flock. Under his cheerful and friendly airs, hides boundless courage and amazing strength. However, is not aggressive and is content to bark when a threat approaches. But if the threat becomes clearer and your family is in danger, does not hesitate to force its non-aggressive nature and take action; few things can stop it. It also, a malicious person would have no chance to persuade and corrupt him with sweets and caresses, because he is infallibly loyal.
His sociability is also expressed against his peers, to the point that you can generally share your home perfectly with one or more dogs. It also, has no predatory instinct, so it does not see cats or rodents as prey, and therefore is not inclined to chase them. However, the difference in size means that cohabitation can sometimes be dangerous. In practice, if there are small animals in the house, it's better for him Bosnian and Herzegovinian - Croatian Shepherd Dog live outside.
This would not be to displease you. In fact, used to large spaces, not really made for indoor living. You do not need to do a lot of intensive exercises every day, but must be able to move at any time, so it is not at all suited to apartment living, even if his master takes him out for more than an hour a day. Needs a large enclosed garden, where I can patrol, run, to play…
If it can be easily installed outdoors it is because, like any mountain dog, is independent and tolerates loneliness well. It can easily stay at home while its owners are out for the day, and does not suffer from separation anxiety if this absence lasts for a weekend. However, under no circumstances should it be constantly left alone in the garden throughout the day. You need to spend time with your family, and two or three daily walks of at least half an hour each are ideal.
Games and sports activities are also great ways to bond with him., while being physically and mentally stimulated. With an excellent memory that allows you to easily assimilate tricks and commands, has the potential to shine in dog sports like flyball, obedience or agility.
However, you cannot start too early with physically demanding activities. In effect, given its size, when is a puppy, you experience growth spurts during which you need to slow down your burning, or at least avoid any overly intense strain on your joints and skeleton. Otherwise, there is a real risk of injury (sometimes with lifelong sequelae) or malformations.
If you live in a residential area, it is better that the fence that surrounds the garden is solid, to avoid accidents. In the same way, walks in parks and relatively crowded places should always be done on a leash, so you can hold back if you sense a threat. On the other hand, in an environment where encounters are rare (for example, in the mountains), can be free, If and when, of course, has assimilated the withdrawal orders.
Finally, the Bosnian and Herzegovinian - Croatian Shepherd Dog has a serious and powerful bark that can be heard from a distance. Can be heard from a distance, and is also heard when approaching a stranger or when you perceive a suspicious noise. This is reassuring and enjoyable when living in an isolated area., but can quickly cause neighborhood problems in a residential neighborhood.
Education
Like all dogs, the Tornjak should be socialized as soon as you get to your new home. Give you the opportunity to meet all kinds of people, animals and situations during your first months helps you become familiar with the unknown, and to avoid being surprised or even reacting badly as an adult. Therefore, you should not hesitate to take any opportunity to meet the neighbors, friends, dealers, the vet… but also other animals, be it dogs, cats, rodents, horses, cows… You also have to deal with situations that you are not yet used to., especially the ones you will have to deal with regularly afterwards: travel by car, walk around the city, go out in a hectic environment…
It also, given its size, it is advisable to accustom it from an early age to being handled obediently. Brush, bathing or even clipping the claws can turn into moments of complicity with your caregiver, instead of being dreaded tests each time by both protagonists. In any case, trying to groom or bathe a dog 50 kg not accommodated can quickly become an adventure…
Although they have the independent character of herding dogs, to the Bosnian and Herzegovinian - Croatian Shepherd Dog they like to please their owners. It also, as his intelligence and memory are admirable, a caregiver who combines patience and know-how can go a long way in your education, even teaching them many tricks. However, although easier to handle than most mountain breeds, this does not make him a recommended dog for a novice sitter. However, It can be an interesting option for a person with a little experience who wants to face the challenge of a large independent dog..
In any case, traditional training methods should not be used with the Tornjak, as they only reinforce their independent side instead of developing their potential. On the other hand, positive reinforcement, with the help of caresses, treats and stimuli, motivates you to want to learn more and more and allows you beautiful moments of complicity.
The assimilation of memory is of particular importance: given its size, it is better for such a dog to obey the finger and the eye when his handler asks him to stop pulling on the leash or to come back to him. This is the essential condition so that you can enjoy nature with total freedom, without being put on a leash.
On the other hand, protection of the pack is instinctive in the Tornjak: you don't really need any training to play this role perfectly.
Health
The Tornjak it is an extremely robust breed of dog, with a life expectancy much higher than the average of dogs of its size, to the point that some specimens reach the 15 years of age.
The thick, woolly coat of the Tornjak helps protect you from cold and bad weather, as well as the rays of the sun. It is clearly a dog made to live outdoors, who is not afraid of low temperatures as long as he has a place to take refuge. On the other hand, when the mercury rises and the heat wave sets in, it is better to limit your activities and make sure you have the opportunity to rest in a shady place.
Although they are generally healthy, the Bosnian and Herzegovinian - Croatian Shepherd Dog they are not exempt from certain problems, especially those that affect larger dog breeds. They are predisposed to ...:
Hip and elbow dysplasia, joint problems whose origins can be hereditary and cause more or less severe locomotor difficulties;
gastric dilation-torsion, which often follows too rapid ingestion of large amounts of food, and it's fatal if a vet doesn't intervene quickly;
protein intolerance, what can take, among other things, to a deterioration of the coat.
Other diseases have been reported occasionally in some subjects, but they are still exceptionally rare. These include anemia or von Willebrand disease, a hereditary condition.
To limit the risk of having a puppy with a hereditary and / or congenital problem, nothing better than adopting from a breeder Tornjak serious and responsible. In particular, the professional must present an updated health or vaccination record, that allows to verify the vaccines received by the animal, as well as a certificate of good health signed by a veterinarian. However, the professional should also be asked to provide the results of the genetic tests performed to both the parents and the child.
It also, the floppy ears of Tornjak can quickly become nests of infection if not cleaned weekly.
It also, how you spend most of your time outdoors, their fur is likely a breeding ground for parasites: even more than most tornjaks, it is imperative to be rigorous in the administration of regular pest control treatments to avoid this type of inconvenience.
Last, the fact that he is generally in good health does not exempt him from wearing it regularly (at least every year) to a routine check-up at the vet, just to keep it healthy. This not only ensures that you are up to date on your vaccinations, it also allows early detection of any health problems.
Grooming
The Tornjak rarely poses problems regarding your health, but its maintenance requires some effort.
First of all, its thick coat needs to be brushed once or twice a week to avoid knots and remove dirt, and its size means that this task takes some time.
During their annual molt periods in the spring and fall, a lot of undercoat is shed, and brushing should then become a daily routine to deal with the large amount of dead hair.
Brushing is also an opportunity to inspect your skin and make sure it is not injured., Court, sore or irritation. Spending most of the time outdoors, he is more exposed to this type of problem than his peers who live in an apartment and only go out for half an hour each day.
In any case, if grooming is done regularly, can remove a large part of the dirt from their fur, keeping it relatively clean and odorless. Therefore, it is not necessary to bathe your dog often. Unless, of course, got particularly dirty, you can be content with doing it twice a year, at the time of the move. It is necessary to use a mild shampoo designed specifically for dogs every time.
On the other hand, as with any dog with floppy ears, special care is required to prevent dirt from building up and causing infection. Therefore, at least once a week, brushing his coat should be followed by cleaning his ears with a clean cloth.
You should also take the opportunity to check your eyes and clean them, to limit the risk of eye infection, although, unlike ears, are not particularly susceptible to it.
To end the beauty maintenance session, a teeth cleaning is de rigueur. It´s, in effect, the best way to effectively protect them against dental plaque formation, cavities and other problems at this level. Ideally, it should be done daily.. No matter how often you do it, always use a toothpaste specially designed for dogs.
It may also be necessary to trim your dog's claws from time to time. Even if your dog lives outdoors, natural wear and tear is not always enough to file its strong claws. If you hear them hitting the ground when you walk, have grown too long and could injure or break: it's time to cut them with a special tool.
Although all these operations do not require any particular knowledge, it is better to learn to do them correctly, especially to avoid hurting or even injuring your partner. It can be useful the first time to have the help of a veterinarian or a professional groomer to learn the correct gestures to perform.
For sale “Bosnian and Herzegovinian - Croatian Shepherd Dog”
The price of a puppy Bosnian and Herzegovinian - Croatian Shepherd Dog is of some 1000 EUR, but it's a mean: the sale price varies according to the prestige of the breeding, the ancestry of the animal, but also and above all its characteristics. On the other hand, there is not a big difference according to sex: males and females are generally priced similarly.
Having said that, the Bosnian and Herzegovinian - Croatian Shepherd Dog still hard to find outside the countries of the former Yugoslavia. Therefore, it may be wise to turn to a Croatian breeder, Slovenian, Bosnian or Serbian to find the right one. The sale price will not necessarily be much cheaper, but then import costs must be added to the budget, registration and transportation.
It is possible to find hatcheries in the United States, but it is also still very rare there.
Characteristics "Bosnian and Herzegovinian - Croatian Shepherd Dog"
Coexistence is important that you have with your new friend. Before considering the acquisition of a dog of the breed "Bosnian and Herzegovinian - Croatian Shepherd Dog" you know certain factors. Not all breeds of dogs are apt to live in an apartment, you must take into account his character, their need for exercise, their interaction with other pets, their care and if you have small children, their level of tolerance towards them.
Adaptation ⓘ
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friendly dog ⓘ
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hair loss ⓘ
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Affection level ⓘ
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Need for exercise ⓘ
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Social need ⓘ
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Home ⓘ
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Toilet ⓘ
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Friendly with strangers ⓘ
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barking ⓘ
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Health ⓘ
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Territorial ⓘ
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Cat friendly ⓘ
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Intelligence ⓘ
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Versatility ⓘ
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Child friendly ⓘ
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Surveillance ⓘ
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joy ⓘ
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3 out of 5 stars (based on 1 review)
Images “Bosnian and Herzegovinian - Croatian Shepherd Dog”
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Photos:
1 – “Bosnian and Herzegovinian - Croatian Shepherd Dog” by https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bosniantornjak.jpg
2 – And little Tornjak. Colour: white & black by Canarian, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons
3 – And little Tornjak. Colour: white & brown by Canarian, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons
4 – A Croatian Tornjak (aka Croatian Mountain Dog or Bosnian and Herzegovinian – Croatian Shepherd Dog) female by Canarian, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons
5 – And little Tornjak. Colour: white & black by Canarian, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons
6 – Toro the Tornjak. Photo taken in a dog shelter in Zadar, Croatia by Mirta12, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons
Videos “Bosnian and Herzegovinian - Croatian Shepherd Dog”
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