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Cimarrón uruguayo
Uruguay FCI 353 - Molossoid - Dogo

Cimarrón

The Cimarrón uruguayo also called Cimarrón dog or Creole cimarrón is the only breed developed entirely in Uruguayan territory.

Content

History

The Cimarrón uruguayo Bulldog is a dog type molosoide, medium-sized, compact and strong, the fur can be striped or also bayo (cream-coloured) and snout black. His temperament is docile, cunning and guardian, ideal for guard, company or big game. It is recognized as a race in Uruguay from 1989 and internationally by the Federation Cynologique Internationale – FCI, from the 21 in February of 2006.

Etymologically Cimarron is a term applied in America (originally on the island of Hispaniola) to everything that having been domestic or civilized returned to the wild or wild state, by referring in this case to their refuge in the heights (Indeed in the mountains and valleys hidden) Sierras, with which cimarrón would be "he who lives on the peaks or hides in them".

The original specimens of the wild dog descended from the dogs introduced by the Spanish and Portuguese conquerors..
The natural crosses that were taking place in the wild is that it evolved in the course of two centuries a native variety perfectly adapted to the environment of the Uruguayan Plains.

«Tell your master that when I lack men to fight his henchmen, I have to fight them with Maroon dogs»: José Gervasio Artigas to the Gral. Carlos Federico Lecor.

The dog breed called Cimarrón dog or Criollo cimarrón is the only breed developed entirely in Uruguayan territory.

Non-domestic dogs in the world, Whether original species or breeds produced by the feralization of domestic breeds that returned to the natural environment and managed to readapt to it, they show a physical development that is totally different from this one., so it is highly arguable that this breed produced in the Uruguay as a supposed model maroons dogs mentioned in ancient chronicles and documents reflect the natural demeanor of those. All wild dogs of the world, Because of what is known as "convergence" at an evolutionary level, they have long legs, erect ears, slender body, exceptions that occur in extreme climates (enormous ears of certain dogs of African deserts or small ears of Arctic foxes).

There are detailed chronicles of attacks by packs of these dogs on caravans and people, that led to the authorities of the time (end of the 18th century) they already have and encourage major massacres, reaching count by tens of thousands dead dogs.

Each dead animal was paid by the authorities of the time, requiring proof of death presented the jaw or the pair of ears of the animal. From this practice would derive the characteristic ear cut that is performed on many newborn pups., in the shape of a "cougar ear".

Despite these massacres, «…a good number of mothers with their offspring conquered the mountains of Olimar and especially in the Sierra de Otazo and in the Cerros Largos», in what is now known as departments of Cerro Largo and Treinta y Tres, where many ranchers and landowners in this place, they took advantage of the virtues of this breed for working with cattle and defense of his property, beginning to raise it, preserving the mixing.

Modern traces of the breed begin to become more public in the early 1990s. 1980, When numerous breeders of Montevideo, attracted by the remarkable characteristics some specimens, they begin to develop their parenting and standardization.

It is in 1989 When this work begins to pay its fruits, to being the Cimarrón Uruguayo officially recognized by the Association of the Rural Uruguay (A.R.U.) and the Kennel Club Uruguayo (K.C.U.), 20 years after the first exposure of a specimen of the breed in the K.C.U.
Thus, the Association of Uruguayan Cimarrones Breeders was created and together with the K.C.U.. It prepares the official roll of the race, selecting the base dogs of the same and registering their pups, being tattooed for the first time with this registration number.

Today the character attributes of this breed called Cimarrón They make it increasingly popular in Uruguay and region, being employed as a companion dog, Guard and hunting, especially the wild boar.

Physical characteristics

The Cimarrón Bulldog is a dog of medium size type, balanced, strong, compact, with good osatura, muscular, shrewd and great courage. The size and weight of the males is of 58 to 61 cm. of height and 38 to 45 weight kg. And of 55 to 58 cm. of height and 33 to 40 weight kg, in females.

Character and skills

It is excellent to work with cattle dog, hunting and guard. Predominant livestock activity of these lands and the consequent abundance of food without great competition with other natural predators, the bighorn reproduced in large numbers becoming – according to historical documents – in a true plague and scourge for the inhabitants of the countryside and the livestock.

This race since its standardization has attracted a growing interest both within the Uruguay border, having copies of this dog in various countries of America, from United States to Argentina, counting this last country with several breeders of Cimarrón Uruguayo.
Another of the steps achieved for the genetic improvement of the breed called Cimarrón Uruguayo is the signing of an agreement between the University of the Oriental Republic of Uruguay, through its Faculty of veterinary medicine with the Maroons breeders society for the study of the zootechnical status and consanguinity of the exemplary enrolled in their rolls.

This long process of standardization was crowned the 21 in February of 2006 When the International Bureau of the Federation Cynologique Internationale (FCI) gives international recognition to the Uruguayan Cimarron.

The breed standard states that the dog must have great courage. Like all large dogs, Cimarron Uruguayo should be well socialized when very young if you want to be kept as a companion. It is a very friendly dog ​​with children and other animals.

Cimarron Uruguayo is sometimes used for surveillance, hunting and all dog sports in his native Uruguay. Being a very intelligent dog has been used for all kinds of jobs, as rescue or grazing.

A dog is fairly quiet and stable, rarely bark unless the threat is real.

The primitive Cimarrón dog, by its roots in the Uruguayan territory, It has been from the very beginning of the national identity of this town a symbol of the independence struggle, faithfully reflected in the letter sent by General José Gervasio Artigas in response to General Carlos Federico Lecor, Count of la Laguna and Governor of the Provincia Cisplatina (current Uruguay) in which Artigas expressed that if it was left without soldiers to fight, I would do it with the Cimarron dog.

It is because of this tradition that this breed is currently a symbol and mascot of the National Army of Uruguay., having a preferential place in the annual military parades of the 18 July. On this occasion, a soldier of the battalion of Blandengues (the company that Artigas himself knew how to lead at the time) He rides leading the parade carried a Moorish Steed without along rider which is a sheep dog by the flange.

Images "Cimarrón uruguayo"

credits:

1. Cimarron Uruguayo – Kennel La Bonfire by Leonardo Botião Fonseca / CC BY-SA
2. Cimarron Uruguayo by brindle / CC BY-SA
3. The Finnish Winner Show, Helsinki, 2015. By Thomas / CC BY-SA
4. Nbistolfi / CC BY-SA

Videos "Cimarrón uruguayo"

Type and recognitions:

  • FCI CLASSIFICATION:
  • Group :
  • Section : . .

Federations:

FCI , UKC

FCI breed standard Cimarrón uruguayo

FCIFCI - Cimarrón uruguayo
Cimarrón

Alternative names:

1. Cimarron, Uruguayan Cimarron, Cimarron Creole, Maroon Dog, Cerro Largo Dog, Perro Cimarron, Cimarron Dog (English).
2. Cimarrón uruguayo (French).
3. Cimarrón Uruguayo (German).
4. Cimarron uruguaio (Portuguese).
5. Perro Gaucho, Perro criollo, Cimarrón (español).

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Broholmer
Dinamarca FCI 315 - Molossoid - Dogo

Broholmer

The Broholmer It was used as a watchdog for large farms and feudal lands.

Content

History

The Broholmer it's interesting, partly because it is a very old breed of dog whose ancestry in the Danish royal house dates back to the time of Frederick II and Christian IV. King James I of Scotland reportedly, in relation to his marriage to the daughter of Frederick II in 1589, graced the Danish court with some magnificent mastiff-type dogs. These English dogs were mated with the dogs that Frederick II already had. The type of dog was named "The Great Dane" since the Viking Age., that is to say, a few 400 years before Frederick II.

We begin our historical review around 1850 at the Renaissance castle of Broen Broenne in Gudme. This is where the chamberlain Niels Frederik Bernhard Sehested (1813-1882) decided to reinstate and re-breed the old Danish dog, since the breed was about to become extinct at this time.

To promote dog breeding, ordered to raise puppies to ten people in the country. But, there was a condition that one should promise to continue breeding. In this way, the dog became widely used and became a very common and prized dog.

An old newspaper said: The Broholmer it has become an ordinary dog ​​in Denmark and especially on the streets of Copenhagen.

The Broholmer also had its importance among royalty. King Frederick VII and Countess Danner had several broholmers. Both the king and the countess appreciated the breeder and were represented with their dogs on numerous occasions..

Unfortunately, early twentieth century, this breed lost a lot of ground. Dog disease, epidemics and inbreeding problems killed many dogs. After that, the tracks of these adorable dogs almost disappeared, until in 1974 The alarm rang.

The Danish Kennel Club began a national search for broholmers, and he found some dogs similar to broholmers, so that a real breeding job can be started.

Although only a few dogs were found, managed to start a breeding job. The result of this work are the dogs that exist today in Denmark, whose owners are recommended to be members of the Broholmerselskabet.

Since 1974, a breeding committee under the Danish Kennel Club has been responsible for the breeder's breeding planning. In 1996, el Broholmerselskabet, in collaboration with the Danish Kennel Club, obtained a valid cooperation agreement from the 1 in January of 1997, which meant that the members and dogs of the Broholmerselskabet were on their way to becoming a formal part of the Danish dog job. The cooperation agreement with DKK fulfilled the wishes of its members expressed at member meetings across the country in 1995. The race was on the way to recognition.

The Broholmer has been recognized as a Danish national breed and has been granted international approval, the FCI pedigree, so breed approved dogs can now be showcased at DKK shows. This means that it can display broholmers on par with other breeds of dogs. This has now resulted in the fact that several broholmers have already received the title of Danish Champion and International Champion..

The Broholmer it has also been internationally approved, meaning puppies can be sold to foreign stakeholders.

Many breeds of dogs changed their appearance in the years around the last century and had to bow to various models., which in some cases caused problems that they then had to deal with. The Broholmer has not been the subject of any fashion illusion of any kind. The standard is, with some changes, the same one that Sehested wrote.

Curiosities

After the reconstruction of the race, the black color was difficult to recover, but at present it breeds without problems.

Physical characteristics

Large dog that can be inscribed in a rectangle; his walks are regular and energetic. The exterior appearance is dominated by a powerful front axle. The head is broad and solid. The neck is strong and has some folds (Spada). The chest is wide and well formed. At rest, his head is very low, leaning towards the ground. If the dog is attentive or excited, raises its head and tail rises above the horizontal. The eyes are round, not too big: color ranges from light amber to dark amber. His expression shows security. The ears, medium size inserted high, fall on the cheeks. At rest, the tail falls in the shape of a saber; on the other hand, when the dog is active it takes it higher, but without reaching the back.

  • Fur: short, with quite thick undercoat.
  • Color: leonado with black mask, golden red or black.
  • Size: males, 75 cm.; females, 70 cm..

Character and skills

The Broholmer he is a very kind and devoted dog. He is very receptive and just wants to make his owner happy. He is a watchful dog and will have a lump in his throat when there are strangers at the door. Act slowly and confidently. The Broholmer It is an excellent family dog ​​that, because of his kind mind, must be treated very carefully.

How much exercise does a Broholmer require?

Because the Broholmer is a big dog, it's important to keep it running. Hours of walking every day are not required, but the dog is always happy to go outside and exercise its muscles.

How to best activate a Broholmer besides walks?

The Broholmer it is a robust and strong dog that is very suitable for pulling. You can make your Broholmer successfully pull a cart or sled. Due to his kind mind, show a lot of affection with the people in their environment. There are examples of Broholmer that are rescue dogs, tracking dogs, shooting, etc.

Is there skin care or the like to pay attention to?

Skin care is minimal. A brush trip once a month is enough. In the molting season it can shed a lot of hair.

Tips for People Considering Buying a Broholmer

As an adult, the Broholmer have a medium level of activity, but the young dog has much more energy, that you; therefore, you must take into account its large size before deciding to purchase a Broholmer. We are talking about a puppy of 40 – 60 kg, who wants to explore the world. The dog must be respected for his great kindness and, therefore, develops best in homes where there is mutual respect between home and dog.

The Broholmer it is for you that …

You want a devoted dog, solid and calm

You want a family dog ​​that you can feel comfortable with

You want a dog that has a good temperament

Images Broholmer

broholmer videos

Type and recognitions:

  • FCI CLASSIFICATION:
  • Group :
  • Section : . .

Federations:

FCI , AKC (The AKC does not have an official breed standard; currently uses the FCI standard) , UKC

FCI breed standard Broholmer

FCIFCI - Broholmer
Broholmer

Alternative names:

1. Danish Broholmer, Danish Mastiff (English).
2. Broholmer (French).
3. Broholmer (German).
4. Mastiff dinamarquês (Portuguese).
5. Mastín Danés (español).

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Rafeiro of Alentejo
Portugal FCI 96 - Molossoid . Mountain

Rafeiro of Alentejo

The Rafeiro of Alentejo It is an excellent watchdog in the haciendas and houses of the Alentejo.

Content

History

The Rafeiro of Alentejo (Alentejo Mastiff), as the name reflects, comes from the Portuguese region of Alentejo, extending south of the Tagus River to the Algarve. The pedigree dog, that within the FCI belongs to the Group 2 (Molossoid), Mountain Dogs subsection, has a long history as a herding dog. Although little is known about the exact origin of this rare breed, their parents are supposed to be found in the molossian dogs of the Middle East. The Estrela Mountain Dog (Star Mountain Dog), also from portugal, was probably also involved in its origin.

In the Alentejo lowlands, shepherds used the Rafeiro of Alentejo to herd and drive cattle. It also, the intrepid four-legged friend protected the flock entrusted to him by reliably avoiding attacks by wild animals or rustlers. Especially at night the Rafeiro of Alentejo defended his flock to the blood. The wealthy large landowners appreciated the imposing dog not only as a vigilant protector, but also as a status symbol of strength and power.

As industrialization advanced and the large latifundia decreased, the rafeiro it got weirder. In the early 20th century, dogs of this type were almost extinct. But, a small circle of enthusiasts ensured that the breed was preserved. In 1940 a first breed standard was established. 14 years later, the Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI) finally recognized the breed.

Physical characteristics

When the Rafeiro of Alentejo, cattle thieves and wild animals quickly flee: Who would want to mess with such a big and powerful dog?

With a height at the withers of up to 76 cm and a weight of approximately 50 kg, the Portuguese breed dog has a very striking appearance. His massive head and strong, muscular body give a defensive impression.. Look calmly at your opponent with small brown eyes, between which there is a slight groove, but nothing escapes your watchful eye.

Despite its bulky shape and somewhat heavy and slow gait, the body of the Rafeiro of Alentejo seems to be rather long than wide. The neck offers a good transition to the shoulder, the back is straight. The tail is well furnished and thickened at the base, rather low and forms a slight upward curve when excited. In rest position it reaches to the hock. Ears of the Rafeiro they are medium in size and fall to one side when folded.

The dense and smooth coat of the Portuguese Sheepdog is short to medium length and has abundant undercoat, giving you reliable protection in all weather conditions. The Rafeiro of Alentejo it is available in black, gray wolf, leonado or yellow with or without white spots. A white base color with yellow spots is also allowed., as well as brindle specimens according to the breed standard.

Character and skills

At night, the Rafeiro of Alentejo he is in his best moment: nothing escapes your watchful eye, his good sense of smell and his excellent ears. Anyone who dares to enter their territory is captured without notice and, if required, wholesale. Pastors who have a Rafeiro they no longer have to fear rustlers or poachers.

Like a purebred dog, whose sole task is to accompany and protect his family, the Portuguese breed dog is completely unsuitable. Although he is faithful and loyal to his family, his innate sharpness is difficult to control even with consistent upbringing. After all, the intelligent and self-confident Rafeiro of Alentejo has always been used to working and acting independently. But, the will to subordinate and obedience are not among its strong points.

Who wants to keep a Rafeiro of Alentejo You must be able to offer him a large territory in which his watchful and protective instinct can live according to his mood. This does not mean, of course, that one should just let this dog go. A responsible owner socializes and educates his dog from the beginning. Shows you clearly who holds the reins in your hand and where your limits are. At the same time, he also accepts that his four-legged friend needs his freedom. The Rafeiro will never become a "good lapdog".

Buy a “Rafeiro del Alentejo”

Those interested in a Rafeiro of Alentejo Purebreds sometimes have to go a long way to find a suitable breeder. But, people who want to buy this dog on a whim, should refrain from buying it. The Rafeiro it is and continues to be an excellent herd dog and should be kept in that context. Who wants to make it a suitable companion dog for the family, You are not doing yourself or the dog any favors..

Health and life expectancy of the “Rafeiro del Alentejo”

The typical diseases of the breed are hardly known due to the low propagation of the breed. The Rafeiro it is a very robust dog whose life expectancy is comparatively high, of 12 to 14 years. But, like all dogs of their size and format, You may also have joint problems such as hip joint dysplasia or elbow dysplasia.

The “Rafeiro del Alentejo” diet

In principle, this breed has no specific dietary needs. But, a balanced and healthy diet is, of course, also important for this dog – also or especially regarding possible joint problems. So, following the high energy puppy diet, a fairly low protein food should be given first to prevent the young dog from growing too quickly. In the adult dog, the energy value of the food can increase again. Now, fresh meat, through which the necessary amount of animal protein is absorbed, should mainly fill the feeding bowl. Fresh vegetables and rice are suitable as a healthy garnish. Fish can be given as an alternative to meat.

Characteristics "Rafeiro of Alentejo"

Coexistence is important that you have with your new friend. Before considering the acquisition of a dog of the breed "Rafeiro of Alentejo" you know certain factors. Not all breeds of dogs are apt to live in an apartment, you must take into account his character, their need for exercise, their interaction with other pets, their care and if you have small children, their level of tolerance towards them.

Adaptation ⓘ

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friendly dog ​​ⓘ

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hair loss ⓘ

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Affection level ⓘ

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Need for exercise ⓘ

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Social need ⓘ

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Home ⓘ

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Friendly with strangers ⓘ

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barking ⓘ

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joy ⓘ

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Type and recognitions:

  • FCI CLASSIFICATION:
  • Group :
  • Section : . .

Federations:

  • FCI – Pinscher and Schnauzer-Molossoid type dogs – Swiss Mountain Dogs and Cattledogs. Section 2.2 Molossoid, mountain type.
  • AKC – FSS
  • UKC – Watchdog

FCI breed standard "Rafeiro of Alentejo"

Origin:
Portugal

Date of publication of the valid original standard:
04.11.2008

Use:

It is an excellent watchdog on Alentejo farms, and is also a highly esteemed herding dog. It's me



General appearance:

It is a dog of large size, strong, rustic, sober. With a slightly convexilinear profile. It is sublongilinear (a little longer than wide).

  • IMPORTANT PROPORTIONS: Rectangular (Sub- longilinear) with a height at the withers somewhat less than the length of his body.
  • Width of the skull with respect to the length of the head must have a ratio of 1/ 2
  • Muzzle length and skull must have a ratio of 2 / 3
  • Chest depth should be slightly less than half the height at the withers.


Behavior / temperament:

An excellent farm dog and property watchdog. It is also very useful as a livestock protector., more vigilant during the night, being very serious when entrusted with any territory or property.

Her expression is calm and confident, never aggressive or shy.

Head:

Voluminous tending to be massive in proportion to the size of the dog, wide at the back of the skull, narrow and less convex in the antecara. The upper facial skull axis is moderately divergent.

Cranial region:
  • Skull: Width; bulging on both axes. Superciliary arches are not prominent. The front groove is not very pronounced between and above the eyes. The occipital protuberance is hardly apparent. The interatrial space is of a regular and slight curvature.
  • Depression links (Stop): It is little pronounced

facial region:

  • Truffle: Oval and black in color. Its limb is slightly truncated from top to bottom and front to back.. Well open nasal Windows.
  • Snout: Bulging cross section. The profile of the nose is straight. The length of the muzzle is less than that of the skull. It is of medium amplitude.
  • Lips: Slightly stooped from the front, overlapping and well broken. They are thin, firm, with a slightly curved bottom profile.
  • Jaws / Teeth: Strong, well developed and well opposed. Scissor bite, accepted in clamp.
  • Cheeks: Slightly evident with the prominent masonic zone. Eyes: Small, almost shallow ellipticals. They are brown (preferably dark), horizontal, and little. The eyelids have a firm and adherent dark pigmentation to the eyes. With a calm expression.

Ears: Medium insertion. They are bent, hang over the sides and have little movement. When the animal is active, his ears are kept bent, upright at the base and more vertically flexed. They are triangular, small and narrow at the base; its width at the base is equal to the length of the pavilion's middle axis.

NECK: Well placed on the shoulders, straight, short, strong with a simple and uniform longitudinal jowl, proportioned to size.

Neck:

Well placed on the shoulders, straight, short, strong with a simple and uniform longitudinal jowl, proportioned to size.

Body:

It is strong, good muscular, somewhat longer than its height at the withers, bulky.

  • top line: Right, almost level, slight tilt from the rear is tolerated.
  • Cross: Not prominent, well connected to the neck. Back: Slightly inclined, tending to horizontal.
  • Pork loin: Straight and medium length. It is broad, well muscled and slightly bulky.
  • Rump: Slightly inclined, long Middle, broad and muscular, in relation to the substance.
  • Sill: Not very apparent, broad.
  • Breast : Large, either lowered or slightly above elbow level.
  • Ribs: Well arched, slightly leaning towards the rear.
  • Belly and haunches: Almost horizontal sternum. It is not thin and extends the line of the sternum.

Tail:

It is long and thick, medium insertion following the line of the rump. It has a curve in its limb, but it's not bent. When the dog is at rest it falls under the hock; when it is active, it can become twisted.

Tips

PREVIOUS MEMBERS: They're strong, separated; viewed from the front and side, they are well poised.

  • Shoulder: Strong, long Middle, well-developed and muscular. Scapula – humerus angle approximately 105º.
  • Arm: Strong, long Middle, leaning and muscular.
  • Elbows: Stuck to the chest, without leaning in or out. Radius – humerus angle between 130º and 135º.
  • Forearm: Is vertical, long, thick and well muscled.
  • Carpo: Thick. With good articulation.
  • Metacarpus: It is thick, medium length and slightly sloping. Previous feet: They are not crushed. Fingers are thick and long, they are well closed and not very hunched. The nails are strong and their color varies according to the hair.. The pads are thick and tough.

LATER MEMBERS: Strong, separated, and seen from behind and from the side they are well poised.

  • Thigh: Long, width, inconspicuous muscles. Hip – femur angle approximately 105º.
  • Knee joint: Strong articulation, in line with the body without leaning or outwards, Femur – tibia angle between 125º and 130º. Leg: Slightly sloping and of medium length. It is muscular. Hock: Medium tall. He is thin. Tibia – tarsus angle approximately 140º.
  • Metatarsus: Thick, medium length, slightly tilted. Can have single or double dewclaws.
  • Hind feet: They are not crushed. Fingers are thick and long, they are well closed, and they are not very hunched. The nails are strong and their color varies according to the hair.. The pads are strong and durable.

Movement:

Heavy, slow and undulating without exaggeration.

Mantle

SKIN: The skin is thick and slightly loose. The mucosa is partially or totally pigmented in black.

  • Fur: Should be short or preferably semi-long. It is thick, smooth and dense. It is distributed regularly on the body and extends to the interdigital spaces.
  • Color: Black, wolf, leonado or yellow. White with these colors or these colors with white, spotted, striped or tabby.


Size and weight:

Height to the cross:

  • Males: 66 to 74 cm..
  • females: 64 to 70 cm..

Weight:

  • Males: 45 to 60 kg.
  • females: 35 to 50 kg.


Fouls:

Any deviation from the aforementioned criteria is considered as a fault and the severity of this is considered to the degree of the deviation to the standard and its consequences on the health and well-being of the dog..

  • Behavior: Shyness.
  • Apgeneral arience: General poor appearance, thinness, Obesity.
  • Caña nasal: Long, close, somewhat curved in profile with a vertically truncated truffle.
  • Línand Superior: barbed back the ensillado.
  • Glikeness: Too much fall, long, close.
  • Colto: With very high insertion, or very low.
  • Formertremedies: Cow hock, very wide in the front, wrong angulations, lack of correct poise.
  • PinIt: Disproportionate to body size, open foot or hare foot,
  • Plink: Bad look of the coat Long hair, wavy the fence.

SERIOUS FAULTS:

  • ApGeneral arience: Light or lymphatic structure.
  • Cthey are not coming: Disproportionate to the size of the dog, lack of volume, stop pronounced, flat or narrow skull, parallel upper longitudinal facial skull axes
  • Ojors: Light color, non-elliptical, inclined, poorly adherent eyelids to the eyeball.
  • Obars: Large, rounded, not folded, not hanging, partially amputated
  • CUit: Absence of double chin, too many folds or double chins.
  • Pecho: Strait, flat ribs
  • Colto: Curved when at rest, a hook on the tip, Amputee cuts.
  • Mucous membranes: Absence of partial external pigmentation of the mouth, eyelids, lips and nose.
  • Tby hand: Males: less than 66 cm.. or more than 75 cm.. females: less than 64 cm.. or more than 71 cm.

FALTAS DESCALIFICANTES:

  • Aggressiveness or extreme shyness.
  • Any dog ​​showing clear signs of physical or behavioral abnormalities must be disqualified..
  • Tinpincity: Atypical.
  • ApGeneral arience: Extremely light or lymphatic structure.
  • Cthey are not coming: Narrow and long.
  • Caña nasal: Excessively long, the arched profile.
  • Dinentities: Upper or lower prognathism.
  • Ojors: clear, different color or dimensions, partly covered by the third eyelid.
  • Obars: High or low implanted, rounded or large.
  • Colto: Absence (anuria).
  • Mucous: absence of black color in the truffle, the Windows, mouth and lips (albinism).
  • Plink: Satin.


N.B.:
  • Males should have two normal-appearing testicles fully descended into the scrotum..
  • Only functionally and clinically healthy dogs, with the typical conformation of the breed, should be used for parenting.

TRANSLATION: Rafael Santiago (Puerto Rico).

Technical review: Miguel Angel Martinez (Federation Cynologique Argentina).

Source: F.C.I - International Cynological Federation

Alternative names:

1. Rafeiro do Alentejo, Alentejo-Mastiff, alentejo mastiff (English).
2. mâtin de l’Alentejo, mastiff de l’Alentejo (French).
3. Rafeiro do Alentejo, Rafeiro, Alentejo-Mastiff (German).
4. Mastim Português, Mastim do Alentejo (Portuguese).
5. Mastín del Alentejo (español).

Photos:

1 – Rafeiro of Alentejo by https://brit-petfood.com/hr/node/8006

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Caucasian Shepherd Dog
Rusia FCI 328 Molossoid . Mountain

The Caucasian Shepherd Dog It is a healthy animal and stable temperament.

Pastor del Cáucaso

Content

Characteristics "Caucasian Shepherd Dog"

Coexistence is important that you have with your new friend. Before considering the acquisition of a dog of the breed "Caucasian Shepherd Dog" you know certain factors. Not all breeds of dogs are apt to live in an apartment, you must take into account his character, their need for exercise, their interaction with other pets, their care and if you have small children, their level of tolerance towards them.

Adaptation ⓘ

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Need for exercise ⓘ

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Social need ⓘ

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Home ⓘ

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Friendly with strangers ⓘ

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barking ⓘ

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Health ⓘ

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Territorial ⓘ

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Intelligence ⓘ

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Surveillance ⓘ

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joy ⓘ

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History «Shepherd of the Caucasus»

One Caucasian Shepherd Dog it is a large and very strong sheepdog that is very widespread in Russia. In the official standard it is called Kavkazskaya ovčarka. The Caucasian Shepherd Dog they spread over a huge area, which includes the territory of Russia as well as the former Soviet Union. Only in the polar areas you can hardly see. In his homeland., theCaucasian Shepherd Dog are, therefore, quite different in detail and different types have been developed. In the steppe areas this breed is lighter and taller, in mountainous regions heavier and more compact. But in type and character it is the same everywhere. This is the result of your work task, which was and is the only criterion for breeding there for many centuries. At the end, the same requirements resulted in the same dogs. Their tasks are to herd and protect the herds, monitor and protect property and its people. They are archaic dogs, they probably came into existence in this form with the introduction of animal husbandry in the first place, and that was a few 10.000 years.

You can't fool a Caucasian Shepherd Dog. Has a clear understanding of their role. Typically, lies down in a high place next to his flock, to be able to observe everything around him. Her flock, their shepherds, his family and his properties are sacred to him. He is faithful and lovingly devoted to them. He is suspicious of everything else and does not hesitate to attack any sign that he interprets as hostile. It is extremely defensive and fearlessly opposes even wolves and bears. In this way it has protected the herds of cattle and the lonely properties of the shepherds, farmers, hostels, artisans and merchants from time immemorial. This extremely useful feature, even necessary for the functioning of such a society in the vast and lonely country, does not fit into today's tight and hectic society. There is hardly a piece of land large enough to provide the dog with Caucasian Shepherd Dog a workspace. He is used to other scales of the vastness of Russia.

It also, the zeitgeist in today's world demonizes all forms of aggression emanating from a dog. While it only takes one or two generations, larger property owners were proud that their dog was reliable and, in case of emergency, acute, I would fearlessly chase away a thief, such a feature is potentially life-threatening for today's dog. It runs the risk of being classified as a "dangerous dog" and in extreme cases, euthanasia. This is not an environment for a Caucasian Shepherd Dog. And so you can find it almost everywhere on the lists of supposedly dangerous dogs. It is an archetype of dog to which man owes a lot in his development. As a dog breed it has been described for a long time and in the oldest specialized books on dogs. But, in modern pedigree dog breeding, it was only officially recognized by the FCI in August 1984.

Physical characteristics «Caucasian Shepherd»

The Caucasian Shepherd Dog is a dog of harmonious structure, big and strong with plenty of bone and a powerful muscular system and a somewhat rectangular format. Well pronounced sexual dimorphism.
Males are masculine with a well-developed cross and a larger head compared to that of females. This is why they are more massive, bigger and sometimes their body is shorter than that of the females.
In dogs with a longer coat variety, the male has a distinguished mane.

Size and weight:

Height to the cross:

  • Males: Desired height 72 – 75 cm.. Minimum 68 cm..
  • females: Desired height 67 – 70 cm.. Minimum 64 cm..

Higher heights are accepted as long as the conformation is harmonic.

Weight:

  • Males: Minimum 50 Kg
  • females: Minimum 45 Kg.

Character and skills «Caucasian Shepherd»

The Caucasian Shepherd Dog is a guardian and protector. The official standard classifies your character qualities unequivocally: "It must be strong, balanced and calm with a well-developed defensive reaction, which is actively expressed. Sharpness and distrust of strangers are typical.". And Caucasian Shepherd Dog is generally incompatible with other dogs! These traits, especially with a big and very strong dog that claims a large territory, are hardly compatible with the social conditions of today's world. It is a great experience to be able to form a close bond with a dog like this.. This also allows you to experience a completely different side of the dog than Caucasian Shepherd Dog, that of an extremely loving friend, loyal and affectionate. But, if one does not have the space and financial means to offer them in our latitudes an environment appropriate to their nature, this will hardly be possible.

Fitness

The Caucasian Shepherd Dog he is extremely undemanding in his attitude, if the general conditions already mentioned are ignored. One Caucasian Shepherd Dog does not need heating, toys or a harness on a leash. This breed is undemanding in its nutrition. That also applies to your accommodation.. You can spend the whole year outside without problems, if you want to spend the whole year abroad – as long as there is a suitable place to hide and "adequate" here definitely means neither a kennel nor even a chain.. Must be able to move in your territory. One Caucasian Shepherd Dog you accept, it even sensitively protects all the two- and four-legged friends it sees as belonging to its pack or family. But you need a clear boss. At first he is suspicious or even hostile towards everyone else.

Close relationship and competent guidance is required to walk on this dog's leash., which is definitely always stronger, and then be able to seamlessly move on to an aggressively barking terrier. it's possible, but it requires serious upbringing, a good socialization and an experienced teacher or lover, competent and very sensitive and at the same time thorough. The Caucasian Shepherd Dog is widely on the dangerous dog lists. It is forbidden to travel to the Netherlands or Denmark, since there is a risk that the dog will be confiscated on the streets and euthanized. One Caucasian Shepherd Dog not much of a beginner dog. That would even be irresponsible. Even from the hand of an experienced connoisseur, it requires in any case the basic external conditions for an attitude appropriate to its nature.

Education «Caucasian Shepherd»

Raising a Caucasian Shepherd Dog in today's social conditions it is a very special challenge, only proven experts can master with the right framework conditions.

Care and health «Caucasian Shepherd»

The Caucasian Shepherd Dog it has a double layer composed of a bottom layer and a top layer. The inner layer is soft and fine, while the outer coat hairs are long and thick. (The coat of a Caucasian Shepherd Dog It should never feel smooth or appear wavy.) Regarding the length, the coat can be long, medium or short. Dogs with long fur have a mane that surrounds their necks, as well as extensive plumage on the hind legs and tail, that looks thick and fluffy. Dogs with medium length fur do not have as much mane, and they have fewer feathers on the rest of the body. A short coat, the least common type, has no mane or fringe. Twice a year, when you change your coat, you have to brush it well.

Dogs of this breed enjoy very robust health.

Nutrition / Food

The Caucasian Shepherd Dog does not demand anything from your diet. Probably one of the dogs with less demands in this regard.

The life expectancy of the “Caucasian Shepherd”

In relation to its size, a Caucasian Shepherd Dog has a very high life expectancy of 12 and sometimes more years.

Buy a “Caucasian Shepherd”

The purchase of a Caucasian Shepherd Dog it should only be considered by experts who know exactly what they do, who have the appropriate experience and who have the appropriate rearing conditions. The puppies of this breed of dog cost around 1.000 EUR.

Images «Caucasian Shepherd»

«Caucasian Shepherd» Videos

Type and recognitions:

  • FCI CLASSIFICATION:
  • Group :
  • Section : . .

Federations:

  • FCI – Pinscher and Schnauzer-Molossoid type dogs – Swiss Mountain Dogs and Cattledogs. Section 2.2 Molossoid, mountain type.
  • AKC – FSS (Foundation Stock Service)
  • UKC – Watchdog

FCI breed standard "Caucasian Shepherd Dog"

Origin:
Russia, Armenia, Georgia, Azerbaijan

Date of publication of the valid original standard:
13.10.2010

Use:

Guard and surveillance dog.



General appearance:

The “Caucasian Shepherd” Dog is a dog with a harmonious structure, big and strong with plenty of bone and a powerful muscular system and a somewhat rectangular format. Well pronounced sexual dimorphism. Males are masculine with a well-developed cross and a larger head compared to that of females. This is why they are more massive, bigger and sometimes their body is shorter than that of the females.

In dogs with a longer coat variety, the male has a distinguished mane.



Behavior / temperament:

The behavior is firm, Active, self-confident, courageously and independently. The “Caucasian Shepherd” Dog shows affection and devotion towards its master, he is an excellent guard dog.

PROPIMPORTANT ORTIONS:

  • Body length exceeds height at withers 3 – 8%.
  • The length of the forelimbs averages the 50 – 52% the height at the withers.
  • The length of the skull and the length of the muzzle is 3:2

Head:

---

Cranial region:

The head is big, solid and broad in the cheekbones. View from the top, the head is wedge-shaped with a wide base.

  • Craging: Solid and wide, rather flat antecara with a marked but not deep fold. Superciliary arches developed but not protruding. Barely visible occipital bone.
  • Dnaso-frontal depression (Stop): Noticeable but not clearly marked.

facial region:

  • Trufa: black, large with wide open nostrils without protruding from the outer lines of the snout. A black truffle in solid colors, spotted and peeping is desirable but not mandatory (but genetic blue or liver brown truffles are not allowed)
  • Horcico: Wide and deep tapering gradually towards the nose with strong jaws and chin. Great depth and well-filled under the eyes. The nasal bridge is wide. The upper line of the snout and skull run parallel.
  • Labios: Thick, tight and well pigmented.
  • Jaws / Teeth: Teeth must be healthy, white and strong; incisors together with each other in a line. Complete bite in scissors or forceps (42 teeth). Incisors or injured canines, broken or broken that do not affect the bite are not significant or the absence of PM1.
  • Cheeks: Well developed and highlighted by good chewing muscles.
  • Ojors: Moderate size, Oval shaped, not too deep, placed separate and oblique. Color is in different shades of brown, from dark to hazelnut. Black eyelids, dry, tight. Serious expression, attentive and inquisitive.
  • Obars: Moderate size, thick, Triangular shape, naturally hang, placed high and separate. Traditionally amputated in their country of origin. Natural ears are of equal value.

Neck:

Long Middle, strong, low insertion, transversely rounded. Crest pronounced especially in males.

Body:

Very well developed in all its dimensions, width, good musculature and well balanced.

  • Cruz: Well pronounced, moderately long. Height at withers slightly exceeds height at rump.
  • Dorrso: Straight, width, firm.
  • Itmor: Short, width, slightly arched.
  • Glikeness: Moderately long, wide, rounded, slightly inclined towards the base of the tail.
  • Pecho: Long, width, good ribs, in general deep as well as in its anterior part. Transversally has a broad oval shape. Well arched ribs, false long rib. Antepecho marked.
  • Línlower ea and belly: Abdomen moderately retracted posteriorly.

Tail:

High insertion, curved sickle or curled. At rest it hangs up to the height of the hock; when the dog is alert the tail can be carried over the top line.

Tips

PREVIOUS MEMBERS:

  • ApGeneral arience: Good musculature. Seen from the front, straight and parallel members placed slightly apart.
  • Hormbros: Strong musculature. Moderately long, widths,
  • inclined to form an angle of approximately 100 degrees with the forearm. The scapula well next to the chest.
  • Antarm: Strong and muscular, well together.
  • Elbows: Set well back, parallel to the axis, without turning inward or outward.
  • Brazo: Straight, solid, moderately long, good musculature, transversely round.
  • Metacarpus: Short, solid, always straight viewed from the front and sides.
  • Pinis previous: Large, Round shape, well arched, well closed.

LATER MEMBERS:

  • ApGeneral arience: Seen from behind, rights, parallel and moderately spaced. Knees and hocks well enough angled when viewed from the side. The back should not be placed too far back.
  • Thigh: Width, good musculature, moderately long.
  • Rodinllto: Well angled enough.
  • PinScheme: Wide, good musculature, moderately long.
  • Hock joint: Ancha and inclined, well angled enough, firm, without leaning neither in nor out.
  • Metatarsus: Not too long, solid, always straight seen from the front or side.
  • Pinis later: Large, Round shape, well arched, well closed.

Movement:

Libre, elastic, without rushing with good thrust from the rear. Good stability in all joints and good coordination. Trotting tends to be the typical movement. The withers are at the same level as the rump and the dorsal line is relatively stable.

Mantle

PIEL: Thick, sufficiently elastic without creases or wrinkles.

  • Plink: straight, rough, separated with a well developed undercoat. The length of the outer coat as well as the undercoat should not be less than 5 cm.. The hair of the head and forelimbs is shorter and thicker. The tail is completely covered with bushy hair giving the appearance of thick and very hairy. The long outer hair forms “brushes” over the ears, a “mane” around the neck and “pants” on the back of the thigh.
  • Colorr: Any solid color, piebald or spotted. Except for solid blacks; dilute black or black in any combination or genetic blue or liver brown.


Size and weight:

Alturto the cross:

  • Males: Desired height 72 – 75 cm.. Minimum 68 cm..
  • females: Desired height 67 – 70 cm.. Minimum 64 cm..

Higher heights are accepted as long as the conformation is harmonic.

Weight:

  • Males: Minimum 50 Kg
  • females: Minimum 45 Kg.


Fouls:

Any deviation from the aforementioned criteria is considered as a fault and the severity of this is considered to the degree of the deviation to the standard and its consequences on the health and well-being of the dog..

FALTAS GRAVES:

  • Structure too light or too rough.
  • Diffidence.
  • Deviations of sexual dimorphism.
  • Small head in proportion to the body, light, close, long, Tosca, brick or apple shaped head.
  • Abrupt stop.
  • Snout: sunken, concave or pointed.
  • Too small teeth, very separate, incisors not placed in a line, any deviation from the dental formula (except the absence of PM1)
  • Cheek bones not marked enough.
  • Big eyes, protruding, very clear, showing the third eyelid, drooping eyelids.
  • big ears, fine or very low insertion.
  • Steep or sunken top line, long, sunken or arched back, rump higher than the cross.
  • Square body, very rough, very long, narrow both front and back, extremities too long, very short chest, flat or sunken, short or steep rump.
  • Stump tail.
  • Bones, weak muscles and ligaments.
  • Absence of the correct angulations.
  • Forelimbs curved
  • Unbalanced movement.
  • Lack of thrust from the rear.
  • Too soft hair, curly, very short outer hair and no undercoat.

FALTAS DISQUALIFYING:

  • Aggressiveness or extreme shyness.
  • Any dog ​​showing clear signs of physical or behavioral abnormalities must be disqualified..
  • Any deviation from the required bite.
  • Incomplete dental formula (absence of any teeth except third molars (M3) or first premolars
  • Entropion
  • Eyes gazeos, dark blue, green shading or different colored eyes.
  • amputated tail.
  • Constant hobbling or inability to achieve movement.
  • Black color in any variation, solid, diluted, cheep, spotted the like robe (except the mask).
  • Genetic blue in any variation or shade.
  • Truffle, bluish-gray pigmented lips and eyelids.
  • Genetic brown in all variations or shades.
  • Truffle, genetic brown lips and eyelids.
  • Fire colored markings on black dogs, blue or brown.
  • Height below minimum.
  • Severe deviations of sexual dimorphism in males.


N.B.:
  • Males should have two normal-appearing testicles fully descended into the scrotum..
  • Only functionally and clinically healthy dogs, with the typical conformation of the breed, should be used for parenting.

Itlatest changes are in bold.

TRANSLATION: Brígida Nestler / Original version: (IN)

Technical supervision: Miguel Angel Martinez.

Source: F.C.I - International Cynological Federation

Alternative names:

1. Nagazi, Caucasian Mountain Dog, Caucasian Ovcharka (English).
2. kavkazskaïa ovtcharka (French).
3. Kaukasischer Owtscharka, Kawkasskaja Owtscharka (German).
4. mastim-do-cáucaso, Pastor-caucasiano, Ovcharka caucasiano, Mastim do cáucaso, Cão montanhês caucasiano, Cão-urso-russo (Portuguese).
5. Pastor caucásico, Mastín del Cáucaso, Perro de montaña del Cáucaso, Perro Pastor caucásico (español).

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Karst Shepherd
Eslovenia FCI 278 - Molossoid . Mountain

Karst Shepherd

The Karst Shepherd a typical guard dog. Acts largely independently, which is also essential for the protection of the herd.

Content

History

The Karst Shepherd It is a breed that has existed for several centuries and belongs to the group of molosoids. Probably, This dog followed the Illyrian tribe in their migration through Styria and the Dalmatian islands and settled in the Slovenian region of the Karst Massif.. The first time that race is referred to in writing is in 1689, in the book of Baron Janez Vajkart Valvasor entitled « The glory of the duchy of Carniole ». The breed and its standard were officially recognized on 2 in June of 1939 with the name of " Iliria Shepherd » during the general assembly of the F.C.I. in stockholm. During the F.C.I general assembly. in Bled-Slovenia in 1948, the standard was completed and the breed recognized again. But, to 16 in March of 1968, the Iliria Shepherd from the Karst massif, bore the same name as the Shepherd of the Sarplanina massif. In front of two shepherd dogs with the same name, the Yugoslav Central Society decided to name the one from the Karst region "Shepherd of the Karst Massif" and the other " Sarplaninac ». Since then, these two races are totally independent.

Physical characteristics

Externally, the Karst Shepherd they are hardly distinguishable from those of Yugoslavian Shepherd Dog Sharplanina. They are on average slightly smaller than their relatives who live further south, but the height at the withers accepted for breeding is the same for both breeds.

It is a dog's size medium, harmoniously built, robust, with well-developed muscles and a strong constitution.

The head is big, with powerful teeth. The eyes are almendrados, brown or almost black. Las orejas están insertadas moderadamente altas y caen planas en forma de «V». The tail, wide at the base, takes the form of a saber, drawing a light hook with the tip should reach the hock.
Fur: quite long, reaches the 14 cm.; the undercoat is well developed.

  • Color: grey iron. A dark shade is preferable on the cross; towards the abdomen and feet the color changes without visible transition to light gray or even sand color, with a dark gray band across the lower extremities. The dark mask on the head surrounded by beige gray hair.
  • Size: males, of 57 to 63 cm. (ideal 60 cm.); females, of 54 to 60 cm. (ideal 57 cm.).

Character and skills

The Karst Shepherd he is a typical watchdog. Acts largely independently, which is also essential for the protection of the herd. It is very territorial, brave and vigilant, but without biting. He is distrustful and even hostile to strangers, but a loyal and devoted companion of his master and his family.

The born Guardian needs early and careful socialization and loving but consistent education. He only submits to clear leadership.
Like all guard dogs, the Karst Shepherd is late development, reaches mental maturity only at 3-4 years.

He loves country life and being outdoors. Its ideal habitat is a house with a large parcel of land that it can monitor. With a close family relationship and a task that fits your natural waking instinct. The Karst Shepherd he is a nice companion dog, kind and also obedient, but he will never completely detach himself from his strong independence.

Overall Karst Shepherd It:

  • Incorruptible guard in the house
  • Does not get along with other dogs.
  • Patient, but still affectionate
  • Forgiving with children

Karst Shepherd Education and Maintenance

Only conditionally suitable for the city.
Outside the mountainous regions of Slovenia, these dogs are very rarely found. This is because, on the one hand, to his great need to move and, on the other hand, to the high demands of their education. The Karst Shepherd are more individual than other sheepdog breeds, ya que a menudo se les deja a su aire en su «hábitat natural» y protegen los rebaños de forma independiente. An experienced owner with a lot of patience and a sense of mind for your dog will have little trouble educating his Karst Shepherd towards an obedient and calm companion.

Karst Shepherd Health

The Karst Shepherd it's quite healthy for a sheepdog, but suffers from some typical problems of the breed. On average, they reach an age of 10 to 12 years and therefore become significantly older than most German shepherds. The Karst Shepherd, living in a family environment, they are less susceptible to disease than animals that have to sleep in kennels and are permanently exposed to the weather. Boredom is also a stressor and affects the mind and health of dogs..

Its claws must be shortened regularly.
They have sensitive ears that swell quickly.
Very long-growing dogs suffer more often from so-called dachshund paralysis (intervertebral disc disorders).
Dysplasia of the elbow and hip joints are also more common in these dogs..

Buy a Karst Shepherd

Several breeders of the Karst Shepherd they are members of the Dog Club of Southern and Eastern Europe.
Some Slovenian breeders offer their dogs for export.
Pay attention to good breeding conditions!!
Like the Karst Shepherd they are very rare outside of Slovenia, you will hardly be able to visit the breeder before buying. If you have the possibility, Combine buying a puppy with a multi-week vacation in Slovenia. If your puppy already knows you, you will feel much less stress during the transfer and during the first adaptation phase. You can also check the conservation conditions during a visit to the breeder.

Characteristics "Karst Shepherd"

Coexistence is important that you have with your new friend. Before considering the acquisition of a dog of the breed "Karst Shepherd" you know certain factors. Not all breeds of dogs are apt to live in an apartment, you must take into account his character, their need for exercise, their interaction with other pets, their care and if you have small children, their level of tolerance towards them.

Adaptation ⓘ

Rated with 3,0 of 5
3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

friendly dog ​​ⓘ

Rated with 3,0 of 5
3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

hair loss ⓘ

Rated with 3,0 of 5
3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Affection level ⓘ

Rated with 4,0 of 5
4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Need for exercise ⓘ

Rated with 4,0 of 5
4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Social need ⓘ

Rated with 2,0 of 5
2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Home ⓘ

Rated with 3,0 of 5
3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Toilet ⓘ

Rated with 2,0 of 5
2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Friendly with strangers ⓘ

Rated with 3,0 of 5
3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

barking ⓘ

Rated with 2,0 of 5
2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Health ⓘ

Rated with 4,0 of 5
4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Territorial ⓘ

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Cat friendly ⓘ

Rated with 3,0 of 5
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Intelligence ⓘ

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Versatility ⓘ

Rated with 3,0 of 5
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Child friendly ⓘ

Rated with 4,0 of 5
4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Surveillance ⓘ

Rated with 5,0 of 5
5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

joy ⓘ

Rated with 4,0 of 5
4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Images "Karst Shepherd"

Photos:

1 – Owczarek_kraski en el World Dog Show en Poznan by Wikipedia
2 – Owczarek_kraski en el World Dog Show en Poznan by Pleple2000 / CC BY-SA
3 – Owczarek_kraski en el World Dog Show en Poznan by Pleple2000 / CC BY-SA
4 – Owczarek_kraski en el World Dog Show en Poznan by Wikipedia
5 – Owczarek_kraski en el World Dog Show en Poznan by Pleple2000 / CC BY-SA

Videos "Karst Shepherd"

Type and recognitions:

  • FCI CLASSIFICATION:
  • Group :
  • Section : . .

Federations:

  • FCI – Pinscher and Schnauzer-Molossoid type dogs – Swiss Mountain Dogs and Cattledogs. Section 2.2 Molossoid, mountain type.
  • UKC – Watchdog

FCI breed standard "Karst Shepherd"

Origin:
Slovenia

Date of publication of the valid original standard:
26.06.2000

Use:

The Shepherd of the Karst massif is a shepherd dog par excellence and a good guardian. In the news, increasingly used as a guard and defense dog. Si bien es cierto que en los últimos tiempos es sobre todo un perro de familia, It does not stop being, in essence, a perfect shepherd dog.



General appearance:

This is a medium-sized dog, harmonious, robust, endowed with well-developed muscles and a strong constitution. La cola y las orejas son caídas. The hair, steel gray, it is long and abundant.

IMPORTANT PROPORTIONS:

  • Trunk length: height at the withers = 9 : 8 at least. A little longer in females.
  • Skull a little longer (13 to 14 cm.) that the muzzle (11 to 12 cm.).
  • Skull width (13 to 14 cm.) equal to its length.


Behavior / temperament:

Of good character, is brave and courageous without being too aggressive. It is dedicated to its master and moderately energetic temperament. Good incorruptible guardian, be wary of strangers. Es un perro de compañía agradable y obediente, although it always retains a strong individuality.

Head:

Nice looking, although proportionally large relative to the body; it should not be fine, in tosca. The upper profiles of the skull and nasal canal are slightly convergent.. View from the top, it is wide in the region of the ears and decreases towards the region of the nose. Profile view, it is tall and rounded. Head length, from the occipital protuberance to the tip of the nose, is of 24 to 26 cm.. The skull is slightly longer than the muzzle.

Cranial region:
  • Skull: Pretty developed, muscular, delgado. Since its profile is slightly convex, seen from all sides it is rounded. The amplitude of the skull in the region of the ears is equal to its length. Zygomatic arcades are not accented, the front groove is moderate, the median ridge is slightly convex, without accentuating the occiput.
  • Depression links (Stop): It is a little marked, no sharp transition.

facial region:

  • Truffle: Black. Wide, well developed, sobrepasa un poco la línea frontal.
  • Snout: Medium length. Width and height at its base, progressively decreases towards the nose area. The nasal helm is straight and wide.
  • Lips: They are thick, stretched, tight, without forming bags. They are black.
  • Jaws / Teeth: Teething is complete. Teeth are strong, especially the incisors. The bite is scissor-shaped.
  • Cheeks: laterally, they are somewhat bulky; they are plump, but not too developed, molding a fairly flat face.
  • Eyes: They are presented a little apart, no bumps, nor sunk in the orbits. Almond shaped. Its color ranges from light brown to dark brown. They are frank in expression, calm and firm, almost melancholic, because of the black color of the eyelids.
  • Ears: Moderately high implantation, its length is medium and its extremity extends to the outer corner of the eye. Caen a todo lo largo de las mejillas en forma de « V » y los bordes anteriores están doblados hacia afuera.

Neck:

Width, thick, good muscular, oval cross section. El perfil superior es rectilíneo o ligeramente arqueado; el perfil inferior es rectilíneo. Medium length (a few 25 cm.), it is deeply embedded between the shoulders and attached to the head by strong musculature. The skin is thick, well attached to the body, no dewlap. The coat is abundant with long hairs that form a very thick collar and mane, which makes the neck look beefier and shorter than it actually is. The bearing is haughty and slightly raised.

Body:

  • General appearance: It is well developed, medium length. The thoracic cavity is long.
  • top line: It is straight, horizontal or slightly oblique.
  • Cross: Long, not very high, of adequate width and well applied to the body.
  • Back: Straight, muscular and broad. Medium length.
  • Pork loin: The lumbar region is a little short, very muscular and broad. Rump: Medium length, broad and well muscled. The tail is slightly inclined at the birth.
  • Breast : It is well developed, bulky in length and breadth; the ribs are wide, flat and moderately arched. The front of the chest is well developed and the tip of the sternum is quite rounded. With a length of 25 to 28 cm., its circumference is 70 to 78 cm..
  • Bottom line and belly: The belly is slightly raised and tucked up, rígido. The flanks are short, moderately shortened.

Tail:

It is solidly attached to the body; it is wide at its base. In its normal position, it is shaped like a saber and the extremity often traces a light hook. Medium length, must reach at least to the hock. It has abundant fur, with long hairs, but without forming a plume. When the dog is alert or on the move, the tail rises to or slightly above the back region. When the dog is at rest, the tail comes down.

Tips

PREVIOUS MEMBERS:

  • General appearance: They are straight when viewed from the front or in profile. In all its parts they unite very harmoniously with each other.
  • Shoulder: The shoulder blade is of medium length, width, oblique, well muscled and firmly attached to the body. The scapular angle- humeral is close to the right angle.
  • Arms: Relatively long, more oblique than the shoulder blade, endowed with strong musculature. They are well applied to the body.
  • Elbows: El ángulo húmero-radial no es muy abierto. Well applied to the body, the elbows must be at least at the level of the sternum.
  • forearms: Of adequate length, straight. Los huesos y los músculos son fuertes.
  • Carpi: Strong, bien aplicados al antebrazo así como al metacarpo. Metacarpus: Widths, medium length, slightly oblique.
  • Previous feet: Of well proportioned dimensions to the trunk, its shape goes from oval to round. Fingers are well together and arched, nails are darkly pigmented. Central bearing and digital tubers are strong, black or darkly pigmented.

LATER MEMBERS:

  • General appearance: From behind, they are well proportioned and harmonize with the other parts of the body. Profile views, the angulations are closed enough.
  • Thighs: In the coxofemoral angle it is closed; thighs are long, widths, well muscled and solid.
  • Knee: Femoro-tibial angle slightly open, shapely knees. The kneecap is solid.
  • Legs: They are moderately long, inclined, robust. Hocks: Solid and moderately open.
  • Metatarsals: Massifs, short and straight. In the event that spurs appear, these must be removed.
  • Hind feet: With the same characteristics as the front feet.

Movement:

Harmonious, elastic, well coordinated steps. The favorite and most elegant movement is the trot. Galloping with long strides is less elegant

Mantle

SKIN: It's thick, compact, elastic, adheres well to the body and has no wrinkles; dark pigmentation; black pigmented lip and eyelid edge.

  • Fur: Well bushy, long, smooth; the inner layer of hairs is abundant. The head, the front edge of the ears and the front of the limbs are covered by short hair. The back edge of the ears features longer, softer hair. The upper part of the neck is covered by long hair, stretched and abundant that forms a mane. On the bottom, the hair is longer and softer, forming a collar that widens in the ligament of the neck. The trunk and belly have longer hair that becomes less hard on the belly. The tail, is usually bushy, but it doesn't form a plume. On the posterior aspect of the forelimbs, long soft hair forms bangs. On the posterior aspect of the posterior extremities, el pelo es aún largo y tupido y forma pantalón. The length of the outer layer of hairs is about 10 cm..
  • Color: Steel gray. Especially on the cross, a dark shade is preferred. Towards the belly and feet region, color changes without visible transition to light gray or sand color, with dark gray specks on the front of the limbs. The dark mask of the head is surrounded by light brown-gray hair.


Size and weight:

Height to the cross:

  • In males, is of 57 to 63 (ideal size, 60 cm.),
  • In females, is of 54 to 60 cm. (ideal size, 57 cm.).
  • A tolerance of 2 cm others, but this will have a negative effect on the overall appreciation of the dog.

Weight: In the males of 30 to 42 kg, In the females of 25 to 37 kg.



Fouls:

Any deviation from the aforementioned criteria is considered as a fault and the severity of this is considered to the degree of the deviation to the standard and its consequences on the health and well-being of the dog..

MINOR FAULTS

  • Small flaws in the general constitution.
  • Somewhat small head, close, long or not high enough.
  • Indefinite naso-frontal depression.
  • Pronounced zygomatic arches.
  • Too plump or too plump cheeks.
  • Mandíbulas poco desarrolladas.
  • Loose lips.
  • Very high or very low implantation ears; not close enough to the cheeks.
  • Eyes too wide, too clear, little apart.
  • Chin presence.
  • Slightly sunken back, grupa ligeramente sobresaliente o caída.
  • Narrow chest, low tilt or barrel-shaped.
  • Narrow chest.
  • Tail too short.
  • Slightly defective limbs, fingers apart, hare foot.
  • Wrinkled or lightly pigmented skin. Absence of wrinkles on the forehead.
  • Insufficient pigmentation of the lip edge, of the eyelids and nose.
  • Hair that is not long enough.
  • Small white mark on the front of the chest, absence of mask.

SERIOUS FAULTS:

  • Serious offenses in the general constitution.
  • Square body silhouette.
  • Narrow head, too light or too coarse.
  • Very marked nasal-frontal depression.
  • Snout very pointed or very long.
  • Teeth: pincer bite, irregular alignment of incisors, lower canines that appear in front of the upper canines.
  • Clear eye.
  • erect ears.
  • Sunken back, rump visibly very raised.
  • Corkscrew or twisted tail.
  • The hind limbs are visibly separated when the dog walks.
  • Clumsy movement, especially in the hind limbs.
  • Soft and wavy hair.
  • Clear pigmentation of the mucosa, of the nose, and of the eyelids. White spot on the front of the greater chest of 2 cm wide and 10 cm length.

FALTAS DESCALIFICANTES:

  • Aggressiveness or extreme shyness.
  • Any dog ​​showing clear signs of physical or behavioral abnormalities must be disqualified..
  • Exaggerated disproportion between different parts of the body.
  • Tamaño por debajo del mínimo autorizado por el estándar.
  • Head too large in relation to the body.
  • Incomplete teeth. Prognathism or enognatismo.
  • Visibly narrow or wide standing position (barrel-shaped).
  • Tail very short or stump.
  • Depigmentation of the mucosa, of the nose or eyelids.
  • Any color other than gray, which must be at least clear. Two-color or multi-colored copies.
  • Well marked boundary between shades of gray. White markings on the chest or on the neck greater than 2 cm wide or 10 cm long.


N.B.:

Males should have two normal-appearing testicles fully descended into the scrotum..

Only functionally and clinically healthy dogs, with the typical conformation of the breed, should be used for parenting.

TRANSLATION: IRIS Carrillo (Federation Canófila de Puerto).

Source: F.C.I - International Cynological Federation

Alternative names:

1. KARST SHEPHERD DOG, kraški ovčar, kraševec (English).
2. Kraski Ovcar (French).
3. Illyrischer Schäferhund (German).
4. Pastor da Ístria (Portuguese).
5. kraški ovčar (español).

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Kangal Shepherd Dog
Turquía FCI 331 - Molossoid . Mountain

Pastor de Anatolia

The Kangal Shepherd Dog is quiet, bold, independent, Intelligent, docile.

Content

History

The Kangal Shepherd Dog it is a large and very strong guard dog that is widespread in Turkey, especially in Anatolia. The Kangal Shepherd Dog It is officially called the Anatolian Shepherd Dog or in Turkish as Coban Köpegi.. The original name is Karabash. But, In the FCI these dogs are known as «Kangal Shepherd Dog«. Because it is the name of an influential noble family from the Turkish province of Shivas, who very early began to breed Karabash professionally.

Dogs called Karabash (Schwarzkopf) they were called now Kangal Shepherd Dog with the name of the family of breeders. El Karabash o Kangal Shepherd Dog is native to the mountainous regions of Turkey. There he guards and protects the flocks of sheep. Does this job completely independently, often separated from people for weeks, and you have to decide on your own authority how to behave with strangers. These large and extremely strong dogs can also defend their flock against bears and wolves. Guarding and protecting property and its people is also one of its tasks.

The frugality and robustness of the breed is legendary, that is maintained even on a poor diet, which often consists only of human agricultural waste. These are archaic animals, that probably arose with the introduction of livestock a few years ago 10.000 years. One Kangal Shepherd Dog can't be fooled, because he has a clear understanding of his role. Typically, he lies down in a high place next to or within his flock to be able to observe everything that is in the surroundings. Her flock, his pastors and his family are sacred to him. So, is faithful and lovingly devoted to them. Suspicion of strangers. So, does not hesitate to attack when interpreting hostile behavior. As a watchdog, has been protecting the herds of cattle and the solitary properties of herders, Anatolian farmers and landowners from time immemorial.

This extremely useful feature, even necessary for the functioning of a life in the wide and lonely country, does not fit into a tight and hectic society of today's Central Europe. There is hardly a piece of land large enough for Kangal Shepherd Dog work. It is used to different standards than in the desert mountains of Anatolia. It also, a watchful race like the Kangal Shepherd Dog is quickly condemned as dangerous and aggressive in today's world. While it only takes one or two generations, larger property owners took pride in their dog being dependable and sharp in an emergency, such a trait is not desirable for today's dog. This is why you can find it almost everywhere on the lists of supposedly dangerous dogs. – and unfortunately too often in animal shelters.

The Kangal Shepherd Dog is an archetype of dog, to which man owes a lot in his development. As a dog breed it has been known, described and even revered for a long time. But, in modern pedigree dog breeding, it was only recognized by the FCI in August 1989.

Physical characteristics

The Kangal Shepherd Dog, is a muscular breed, with a thick, powerful neck, wide head and robust body. His lips are tight in its snout and their ears with triangular and down.

The male measured between 72 – 78 cm. high and the female between 65 – 73 cm. and weigh between 44 and 60 kg.

The the mantle It can be several colors but the most common is "sesame", white cream and white with spots of color do not cover more than the 30% your body (type Piebald).

These colors they can be accompanied by a black mask on the face and/or ears. They have a double cloak of eyes hair that needs to be brushed once or twice a month during the warm season due to sweating.

They have a hair very hard on the neck to protect his throat. They seem heavier than you really are, due to his thick neck.

They are large costillares dogs but with small bellies.

Character and skills

The Kangal Shepherd Dog is an independent guardian and protector. The official standard describes his character qualities in this way.:

Balanced and bold, without aggressiveness, independent, very intelligent and leader. Proud and trustworthy. The Kangal Shepherd Dog is affectionate and loyal to his masters, but adult dogs are suspicious of strangers.

Towards other dogs, a Kangal Shepherd Dog is usually dominant and quite incompatible. These traits in a large dog breed, which is very strong and claims a large territory, are hardly compatible with life in today's Germany. It is a great experience to be able to form a close bond with a dog like this.. But, these animals can only develop their excellent qualities of character in their natural environment. Here this great sovereign dog is shown as a loving friend, faithful and affectionate. But, if you do not have the space and financial means to offer in our latitudes an environment appropriate to its nature, it is hardly possible to maintain the species Kangal Shepherd Dog appropriate.

Own Kangal Shepherd Dog is extremely undemanding. Does not need heating, no toys or harnesses on leashes. It is as frugal in its diet as almost no other animal. This also applies to your accommodation.. You can spend the whole year outside without problems, as long as you have a proper enclosure. Here "appropriate" does not mean either a kennel or a chain.. But, you need a very large area, which can become his kingdom. Here a robust enclosure with a solid steel fence of 2 m, because the Kangal Shepherd Dog wants to be able to move freely in its territory.

One Kangal Shepherd Dog you accept, even independently and self-confidently protects all two-legged and four-legged friends, what counts for your herd or family. So, especially needs a clear boss – absolutely! Towards all others, initially suspicious and even hostile. A close bond and an expert guide are required to walk this dog on a leash., which is always stronger when in doubt. Only in this way can the dog and the owner safely walk past an aggressively barking terrier.. it's possible, but it requires serious upbringing, a good socialization and an experienced owner, sensitive and at the same time without any insecurity.

The Kangal Shepherd Dog is increasingly on the lists of supposedly dangerous dogs and is not, from far, a dog for beginners. That would even be irresponsible. Even from the hand of an experienced connoisseur, external basic conditions are necessary for an attitude appropriate to the nature of the dog. In general, maintenance of this breed is quite difficult.

Care and health

The Kangal Shepherd Dog itself is absolutely easy to clean and undemanding. The coat should be brushed twice a year when the coat is changed.

The Kangal Shepherd Dog of serious upbringing enjoys a very robust health in all aspects.

Nutrition

The Kangal Shepherd Dog does not make any special demands on its nutrition. Probably one of the dogs with less demands in this regard.

Kangal Shepherd Dog's life expectancy

Because of its size, the Kangal Shepherd Dog has a very high life expectancy of 12 and sometimes more years.

For sale Kangal Shepherd Dog

You should only consider purchasing a Kangal Shepherd Dog if you are already an expert in dog breeding. Cubs Kangal Shepherd Dog cost around 1000 EUR.

“Kangal Shepherd” Images

Videos «Pastor Kangal»

Type and recognitions:

  • FCI CLASSIFICATION:
  • Group :
  • Section : . .

Federations:

  • FCI – Pinscher and Schnauzer-Molossoid type dogs – Swiss Mountain Dogs and Cattledogs. Section 2.2 Molossoid, mountain type.
  • ​KC – Sheepdogs
  • NZKC – Utility dog
  • UKC – Watchdog

FCI breed standard Kangal Shepherd Dog

FCIFCI - Kangal Shepherd Dog
Pastor

Alternative names:

1. Turkish Kangal, Anatolian Shepherd Dog, Kangal (Anatolian, Anadolu Kangalı, Karabaş, Karayaka) (English).
2. berger d’Anatolie (French).
3. Çoban Köpeği, Türkischer Hirtenhund (German).
4. Anatolian shepherd, Anatolian sheepdog (Portuguese).
5. Çoban Köpeği, Karabaş, Akbaş, Karabash (español).

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Rottweiler
Alemania FCI 147 - Molosoids – Doge

Rottweiler

The Rottweiler is a quiet dog, docile and faithful family.

Content

History

The Rottweiler is one of the breeds of German origin that is recognized by the Federation Cynologique Internationale (FCI). The Rottweiler is a dog trotting type.

The history of the Rottweiler dates back to the 19th century. The city of Rottweil in present-day Baden-Württemberg was known for its cattle trade.. To keep animals under control on their way to pasture, farmers and butchers had to use intelligent and persistent companion dogs. At the beginning, these dogs were therefore called butcher dogs, later they were finally given the name Rottweiler due to its proximity to the city of Rottweil. Other theories about the history of the Rottweiler breed say that the canine breed was already used for cattle breeding in Rome and therefore came with the Romans through the Alps to the city of Rottweil. In the early 20th century, when people were looking for a suitable police dog, it soon became clear that the Rottweiler, with his strong, muscular stature and intrepid temperament, was particularly suitable. In 1910 the Rottweiler was officially recognized as a police dog.

those characteristics, they made it an indispensable both for farmers and butchers Assistant.

Physical characteristics

The Rottweiler is a medium to large dog, muscular, sturdy and strong with powerful teeth. Although its shape is quite robust, the Rottweiler has great resistance and is very agile. According to the breed standard, the height at the withers of a male dog is 68 cm., that of a female dog 63 cm.. The weight of a Rottweiler is between approx. 42 kg ( female) and approx. 50 kg (male). Rottweiler coat consists of a black top layer and bottom layer. The black top layer is described by the VDH (German Canine Federation) as "medium length", thick, dense and tight", while the bottom layer should not protrude from the top layer. The Rottweiler's coat is slightly longer on the hind legs. Characteristic for the Rottweiler is also the so-called blight, which means clearly defined brown-red markings on the lips, the snout, the eyebrows, under the root of the tail and on the chest.

Within this breed we can find two breeding lines, the European, considered the original and the American. The American line is characterized by taller specimens and more stylized bodies., on the other hand, European line dogs have a more compact and robust body with a shorter height.

Character and skills

Although the Rottweiler is a race that has been used for defence work, his work and typicity requires that they are described as friendly, happy talk, quiet, faithful, obedient and willingness to work. In the latest studies of aggressiveness in breeds, this was not among the top ten.

In addition the Rottweiler dog is located within the ten most intelligent dogs, they are dogs of great trust and kindness, You can be glad that it will meet the desired objective.

An important attribute that has the Rottweiler is his adiestrabilidad. It is a very intelligent and obedient dog, able to learn many tasks.

According to the classification made by Stanley Coren after analyzing the responses of more than 200 work of the AKC judges ("The Intelligence of Dogs", Stanley city, Ediciones B, 1995), the Rottweiler is the No. 9 from the list.

Its history as a shepherd, as military dog and care as well as dog obedience and exhibition, speaks highly of his versatility.

The Rottweilers are ideal as protectors of the family and property. You agree to all the members of the family and protect both the father and the son. The Rottweilers usually do not have Favorites, Although there are exceptions. They tend to be individualists, and this is due, Once again, are creatures with discernment and lists.

Their intelligence "affects" their trainability. Just like, frequently, It is said of the cats, they are too ready to wait for repetition of an order. Once they have executed her once or twice as you like, Surely they tired of the game and seek a better output. Why do humans insist on doing these things so many times?? I already got the idea the first time and it wasn't that exciting” the Rottweiler seems to think.

In Spain the breed of dog Rottweiler It is classified as "Potentially Dangerous" by Royal Decree. This means that in the Spanish State, potentially dangerous breeds are regulated by the Law 50/1999, of the 23 from December and the Royal Decree 287/2002, of the 22 March.

So, for its possession you must obtain the license for possession of potentially dangerous dogs and register in the corresponding Municipal registration of potentially dangerous animals. One of the things that are required for this license is insurance of civil liability to third parties.

Some need more help than others, but patience is always required when you train a dog, regardless of what race.
Please understand that nothing wrong with owning a Rottweiler there is. They are amazing dogs and wonderful companion animals.. This is not an issue of race, but rather individuals who are involved with the canine behavior modification.

Rottweiler maintenance

Since the Rottweiler was bred as a persistent working dog and therefore needs a lot of leash in order to function properly, keeping him in the kennel is out of the question. But, due to its robustness, can stay out if there is a good family connection and corresponding workload. It is important to socialize the Rottweiler from the beginning through specific training and attendance at a dog school and accustom it to different situations and people.. Due to its character, the Rottweiler can be used very well as a service dog, guard dog, rescue dog or guide dog for the blind. Although it is not the classic family dog, living with children is usually not a problem. Due to its size and strength, wild games with children should be avoided, and children should not walk alone with the Rottweiler due to its enormous traction. Proper maintenance a Rottweiler includes not only a demanding occupation but also a good education.

The life expectancy of a Rottweiler

The life expectancy of a Rottweiler is with 8-10 years somewhat below average value. Unlike small dog breeds, the musculoskeletal system of larger dog breeds is already under great stress during the growth phase, causing signs of wear earlier.

Buy a Rottweiler

Before deciding on a Rottweiler, one must closely examine their attitude and character and carefully consider whether this breed is really suitable. The following questions must be answered affirmatively: Can I offer the Rottweiler enough space and exercise?? Do I have time to take care of the animal enough? Do all family members agree with the dog? Do I trust the education of a Rottweiler? Can I take my dog ​​on vacation or what alternatives are there? If you finally decide to get a Rottweiler, doesn't necessarily have to come from a breeder. Why don't you visit the animal shelter?- Maybe you'll find a Rottweiler there that you can give a good home to.. Here the purchase is also much cheaper than with a breeder.

Rottweiler Education

The correct education is very important for a Rottweiler to promote its generally human and balanced character.. Your position in the family hierarchy should be clear to the dog from the start., so that he learns to obey and respect his master. Consistency is extremely important in Rottweiler education, and should be dominant, but without harshness. As a responsible dog owner, you must act with sovereignty, calm and especially with consideration when training a Rottweiler. The Rottweiler recognizes these positive leadership qualities, which ultimately makes him a loyal companion. As in the case of any other dog, training should begin at the puppy's age, where positive behavior is rewarded with praise, for example in the form of sweets. Caution: With insufficiently dominant leadership or erroneous and inconsistent education, Rottweiler can develop dangerous behavior – this shows the great role that the correct education of the Rottweilers plays.

Rottweiler Health and Care

Since the Rottweiler's coat is rather short to medium long, the toilet is not very complex. But, due to its agile nature, impurities can quickly accumulate on the coat, so grooming should not be neglected entirely. Occasional brushing is completely sufficient. For Rottweiler coat length, special brushes for dogs, but also cotton gloves have proven to be very effective. In addition to the toilet, foot care, as well as eye care, ears and nails should be considered to the usual extent.

Breed-specific diseases

As with many other large dogs, certain diseases occur more frequently in Rottweiler dogs. These include hip dysplasia and elbow dysplasia, both are poor development of the respective joints. Because this is due to a genetic disposition, an X-ray examination must be presented in a breed aptitude test. To prevent disease, care must be taken that the animal is not overweight and gets enough exercise. Leukoencephalomyelopathy is also a hereditary disease. It leads to progressive paralysis in young animals and is not curable., although it occurs quite infrequently. On the other hand, in recent years, heart disease has been reported more frequently in this breed. Constriction of the nerves of the heart, for example, is inherited and affects the reflux of blood from the heart, which ultimately leads to limited performance of the Rottweiler.

Rottweiler feed

Like any other dog, the Rottweiler needs a species-appropriate diet. To prevent overweight and resulting breed diseases, such as hip and elbow dysplasia, dog food should not be too fatty and above all low in protein. It is also important that the Rottweiler feeds in moderation and has limited access to the feeding bowl. Instead of being able to use a large portion of food, Dog owners must distribute food appropriately for their “Rotti”. Whether dry or wet food is better for the Rottweiler, the dog owner must decide for himself.

Rottweiler puppies prefer to eat what they are used to eating from their breeder. So, it makes sense to continue feeding this food for the time being and only change food when the dog is older and may have different needs than its food. It's best to just try what the Rottweiler likes best: in addition to dry and wet food, also a healthy alternative to barking at the dog.

Characteristics "Rottweiler"

Coexistence is important that you have with your new friend. Before considering the acquisition of a dog of the breed "Rottweiler" you know certain factors. Not all breeds of dogs are apt to live in an apartment, you must take into account his character, their need for exercise, their interaction with other pets, their care and if you have small children, their level of tolerance towards them.

Adaptation ⓘ

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friendly dog ​​ⓘ

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hair loss ⓘ

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Affection level ⓘ

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Need for exercise ⓘ

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Social need ⓘ

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Home ⓘ

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Toilet ⓘ

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Friendly with strangers ⓘ

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barking ⓘ

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Health ⓘ

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Territorial ⓘ

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Cat friendly ⓘ

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Intelligence ⓘ

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Versatility ⓘ

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Child friendly ⓘ

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Surveillance ⓘ

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joy ⓘ

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Rottweiler Images

Rottweiler Videos

Type and recognitions:

  • FCI CLASSIFICATION:
  • Group :
  • Section : . .

Federations:

  • FCI – Pinscher and Schnauzer-Molossoid type dogs – Swiss Mountain Dogs and Cattledogs. Section 2.1 Molossoid, mastiff type.
  • AKC – Working dogs
  • ANKC – Group 6 (utility dogs)
  • CKC – Group 3 (working dogs)
  • ​KC – Working dogs
  • NZKC – Utility dog
  • UKC – Watchdog

FCI breed standard "Rottweiler"

Origin:
Germany

Date of publication of the valid original standard:
15.06.2018

Use:

Utility dog, service and company.



General appearance:

The Rottweiler is a medium to large sized dog, robust, neither heavy nor light, neither with limbs too high nor weak. Its correctly proportioned construction, Compact and powerful, Lets conclude that it is a very powerful dog, agile and resistant.

IMPORTANT PROPORTIONS: The length of the body, measured from the tip of the sternum (chest bone) to the ischial tuberosity, must not exceed the height at the withers by more than one 15%.



Behavior / temperament:

The rottweiler hasaffable tendency, placid in basic arrangement, very devoted, obedient, docile and willing to workIts appearance is natural and rustic, his behavior is self-confident, stable and fearless. Reacts to its surroundings with great attentionand at the same time in a temperate way.

Head:

---

Cranial region:
  • Skull: Medium length, relativelywidth between ears. Side view, the forehead is moderately arched; the occipital Protuberance is well developed, without being too noticeable.
  • Depression links (Stop)Relatively strongThe front grooves are not too deep.

facial region:

  • Truffle: Well developed, rather wide than rounded, with relatively large nostrils, always black.
  • Snout: In relation to the area of ​​the skull, it should not give the impression of being shortened or elongated.The relationship between the length of the muzzle and the length of the skull is approximately 1 to 1.5. Straight nose bridge, wide at its insertion, moderately decreases in width from back to front.
  • Lips: Blacks, well pasted. The corner of the mouth is tightly closed; gums as dark as possible.
  • Jaws / Teeth: Both the upper and lower jaws are very strong and wide.. Healthy teeth, strong and full (42 parts). With scissor bite, upper incisors overhang lower incisors tightly.
  • Cheeks: Pronounced zygomatic arches.

EYES: Medium-sized, almendrada form, dark brown; with well-adherent eyelids.
EARS: Medium-sized, pendants, triangular, very separated and set high. With the ears well glued and placed forward, which makes the skull area of ​​the impression to be wider.

Neck:

Strong, long, good muscular, slightly arched, clean, double chin freeorskinloose.

Body:

  • Back: Straight, strong and stiff.
  • Pork loin: The lumbar region is short, strong and deep.
  • Rump: Wide, medium length, slightly rounded, without being straight, not even with much fall.
  • Breast : Spacious, broad and deep (approx.. 50% the height of the cross), with a well-developed sill and bulky rib.
  • Abdomen: Not collected flanks.

Tail:

In natural condition, strong, at the level and in an extension of the upper line; in atention, when aroused or on the move can bring her up with a slight curve; in idle it can hang up.Bringing it down between the legs the tail reaches the hocks or is a little longer.

Tips

PREVIOUS MEMBERS:

  • As a whole: Seen from the front they are straight and not very together. The forearms, seen from side, they are straight. The inclination of the scapula in relation to the horizontal is 45°.
  • Shoulder: Well-placed.
  • Arms: Well glued to the trunk.
  • forearms: Strongly developed and muscular.
  • Metacarpus: Slightly elastic, strong, slightly oblique.
  • Front feet: Round; closed and swollen fingers. Hard pads; short nails, black and strong.

LATER MEMBERS:

  • As a whole: Seen from behind are straight, parallel and not very together. In the natural position, obtuse angles are formed between the thigh and the iliac bone., between the thigh and the leg (knee), and between the leg and the metatarsus (Hock).
  • Thigh: Moderately long, width and heavily muscled.
  • Leg: Long, strong, with many muscles, sinewy.
  • Hock: Powerful; well angled, not steep.
  • Rear feet: A little longer than the front; also closed fingers, bulky and heavy.

Movement:

The Rottweiler is a m, remaining your back strong and with little movement. The development of the movement is harmonious, insurance, with force and free, with wide steps.

Mantle

SKIN: Skin tight head throughout the area; form small wrinkles on the forehead when the dog is at attention.

HAIR: Composed of outer layer and internal NAP. The external layer hair is medium long, hard, thick and tight; internal NAP must not protrude beyond the external hair. In the hind, the hair is a little longer.

COLOR: Negro, with well-defined fire marks of a bright pardo-rojizo color on the cheeks, snout, throat, chest and members, as well as above the eyes and under the tail.



Size and weight:

Males:

  • Height to the cross: 61-68 cm..
  • Of 61 to 62 cm.: small; of 63-64 cm.: medium-.
  • Of 65-66 cm.: large (correct size); of 67-68 cm.: very large.
  • Weight: Approximate: 50 kg.

females:

  • Height to the cross: 56-63 cm..
  • Of 56 to 57 cm.: small; of 58 to 59 cm.: medium.
  • Of 60-61 cm.: large (correct size); of 62-63 cm.: very large.
  • Weight: Approximate: 42 kg.


Fouls:

Any deviation from the aforementioned criteria is considered as a fault and the severity of this is considered to the degree of the deviation to the standard and its consequences on the health and well-being of the dog..

General appearance: Lightweight overall appearance, fragile; too high limb; weak bones and muscles.

  • Head: Head of hounds, narrow, light; too short or too long, Tosca; Flat front; absent or little noticeable stop.
  • Snout: Pointed or long; split nose; borrego type nose cane (convex), or depressed (concave); drooping nasal bridge (eagle); Truffle stained or color clear.
  • Lips: Not together, pink or stained; Open the lips angle.
  • Jaws: Narrow jaw.
  • Teeth: Bite of iron.
  • Cheeks: Very prominent.
  • Eyes: clear, deep, bulging or round. Loose eyelids.
  • Ears: Too low, heavy, long, drooping, bent backwards, as well as separate the size of the uniform.
  • Neck: Too long, delgado, weak muscles, with loose skin or dewlap.
  • Body: Too long, too short, Strait.
  • Back: Too long, weak, past due or outstanding (convex).
  • Rump: Drop, too short, long or straight.
  • Breast : Chest with a flat rib, barrel or Strait, backwards.
  • Tail: Too high or too low implementation.
  • Former members: Close together, not straight; steep shoulder; elbows not quite clinging to the body or separated; too long forearms, short or steep; weak or steep Metacarpus; crushed feet; very flat fingers, destitute or very bulky; Nail Color clear.
  • Later members: Flat thighs; closed or cow type tips; the very acute or obtuse angles of the joints; Spurs.
  • Skin: The wrinkled facial skin.
  • Fur: Soft; too short or too long, wavy; absence of internal NAP.
  • Color: Wrong color marks, too big, or not clearly defined.

MISS PLAYOFFS

  • Behavior: Shy animals, shy, cowards, aggressive, overly suspicious, nervous and afraid of shots that show.
  • General appearance: Marked investment in the sexual nature (that the male presents female characteristics or vice versa).
  • Teeth: Upper or lower prognathism, incisor arcade deviated; absence of an incisor tooth, Tusk, a premolar or a molar.
  • Eyes: Entropion, ectropion, yellow eyes; anisochromia (eyes of different colour).
  • Tail: Quebrada, threaded, strongly diverted laterally.
  • Fur: Markedly long or wavy.
  • Color: Any discrepancy from the characteristic black color with reddish-brown spots; white spots.
  • Any dog ​​showing clear signs of physical or behavioral abnormalities must be disqualified..


N.B.:
  • Males should have two normal-appearing testicles fully descended into the scrotum..
  • Only functionally and clinically healthy dogs, with the typical conformation of the breed, should be used for parenting.

TRANSLATION: Federation Canófila Mexicana a.c..

The latest changes are in bold.

Source: F.C.I - International Cynological Federation

Alternative names:

1. Rott, Rottie (English).
2. Rottweiler (French).
3. Rottweiler Metzgerhund (German).
4. Rottweiler Metzgerhund (Portuguese).
5. Rottie, Rott (español).

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Great Dane
Alemania FCI 235 - Molossoid - Dogo

It is an expensive dog, that he eats in proportion to his size and that when he is young he needs some care

Content

Characteristics "Great Dane"

Coexistence is important that you have with your new friend. Before considering the acquisition of a dog of the breed "Great Dane" you know certain factors. Not all breeds of dogs are apt to live in an apartment, you must take into account his character, their need for exercise, their interaction with other pets, their care and if you have small children, their level of tolerance towards them.

Adaptation ⓘ

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friendly dog ​​ⓘ

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hair loss ⓘ

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Affection level ⓘ

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Need for exercise ⓘ

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Social need ⓘ

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Home ⓘ

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Toilet ⓘ

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Friendly with strangers ⓘ

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barking ⓘ

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Health ⓘ

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Territorial ⓘ

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Cat friendly ⓘ

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Intelligence ⓘ

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Versatility ⓘ

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Child friendly ⓘ

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Surveillance ⓘ

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joy ⓘ

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History

The Great Dane is the oldest breed in modern dog breeding in Germany. Since then it is considered by many as the Apollo among dogs – after the greek deity. And in fact, the Great Dane it is a dog with a special charm and a unique and impressive charisma and elegance. The origin of this breed is only partially found in Germany. Already in the 16th century the Great Danes are said to have originated in England, as described in historical sources "crossing the mastiff with the Irish greyhounds". The name «Dogge», the old english word for dog, from which the current «Dog», also speaks of a British line of descent. But, this type of dog was already bred in ancient times and was depicted on stone tablets.

Also on the European continent, old bull teethers regularly mated with greyhounds and hunting dogs, since these results of the crosses were perfectly adapted to the great hunts of the boar nobility, bears and wolves. Little by little, a breed of its own with molossi developed., Greyhound and some hunting dog blood. In 1867 the viennese cynologist Leopold Fitzinger distinguished three variants of Great Dane: the common mastiff, english and danish. Even today the great danes They are called "Great Dane» in some languages. Modern analyzes by geneticists confirm the views of ancient cynologists about ancestors, and even assign them to greyhounds instead of molossians.

In 1888 the Club of the Great Dane In Berlin. It is the first and oldest pedigree dog breeding club in Germany.. The Great Dane modern should now become a representative companion and protector. It also, should be even more elegant. So the standard was adapted to these ideas. It was possible to achieve an extremely elegant and harmonious mix of these very different origins.. The Great Dane combines the elegance and speed of hounds with the power and carefreeness of the molossians.

Physical characteristics

The Great Dane it is an extremely large and powerful dog but at the same time very elegant and sensitive. A male dog reaches a height at the cross of 80 cm., often even more. Bitches are slightly smaller. The Great Dane has a unique charisma. The animal painter and dog connoisseur Richard Strebel already betrayed 1914 to the breeders of the Great Dane, the: «… they have created a dog that can be considered without exaggeration as the most successful in size, proportion, strength and elegant movement never created in dogs." Unfortunately, this respect is not always shown in breeding Great Dane. Regardless of your health, are used for extreme breeding, the so-called gigantism, as well as for games with defective genes for rare coat colors; genes that can also cause serious illness.

While around 1900 the height at the withers for males was 76 – 80 cm., The FCI standard valid today says “at least 80 cm» without any clear upper limit. This allows the Great Dane reach the dubious honor of the world's largest dog. According to the Guinness Book of Records, this was the male Great Dane «Gibson» con 108 height cm. That was in August 2004. Gibson still reached an age of almost 7 years, but the last years only in 3 legs. His record was expanded more and more.

«Zeus» the Michigan/EE.UU. reached a height of 112 cm and died with just 5 years, supposedly already in old age – Dubious records at the expense of dog welfare. The Great Dane it's impressive enough even without those dubious extremes. Its sovereign and elegant appearance is also highlighted by its silky coat. It is a very short coat, which is close to the muscular body with a slight shine. Colors are yellow or black, blue, tabby or stained.

  • Fur: Satin.
  • Color:
  • – Tawny: yellow golden colour with black mask. The eyebrows and edges of the eyes must be black, While the ears and the tail may be clearer.
    – Striped: Fawn and black in a striped pattern.
    – Blue: Dark steel grey, allowing white markings on chest and legs.
    – Negro: Jet Black pure, allowing white markings on chest and legs.
    – Harlequin: White with black patches. The Great Dane is the only breed to display this color pattern on its coat..

  • Size: the minimum height for males is 80 cm and for the females of 72 cm.

Character

The Great Dane is often described as a gentle giant, but it is naturally protective when the situation requires it. He is loving and loves people, and those qualities should never be perverted by encouraging aggressive behavior.

In terms of character and size the Great Dane a dog is not for beginners. Belongs exclusively to the hands of experienced dog owners, who can and want to be fully involved with the animal. So there is no more inspiring companion than this dog. El Canciller del Reich Otto von Bismarck, who was accompanied by great Danes all his life, he openly admired the intelligence and abilities of his great danes and is said to have said: «I have great respect for my dog's knowledge of human nature – "He is faster and more complete than me."

Great Danes love children, but they must learn to be nice to them. And a blow from that wagging tail will knock a little boy down, so it's important to monitor their interactions. These large dogs can also learn to get along with other pets., especially when raised with them.

A fenced yard is necessary to prevent the Great Dane go for a walk alone. Not usually a jumper, so a six foot fence should be enough to keep it contained. Note that while adult Great Danes are quite calm, puppies are very active and enjoy digging in gardens..

You might think that the Great Dane it is more suitable for outdoor life due to its huge size, but it's just the opposite. Should be an indoor dog that is part of the family. When that's the case, the Great Dane is loving, learns well and is easily trained. Left to his own fate, the amount of destruction it can do to your home and garden is beyond imagination.

any dog, no matter how pleasant it, detestable levels can develop barking, excavation, counter-browsing and other undesirable behaviors if you are bored, untrained or unsupervised. And any dog ​​can be a test that live during adolescence. In the case of the Great Dane, The "adolescence" years can begin at six months and continue until the dog is about two years old.

Start training your puppy the day you bring him home. Even at eight weeks old, He is able to absorb everything you can teach you. Don't wait until you are six months old to start training or you will have to deal with a stubborn dog. If possible, Take it to a trainer when you have between 10 and 12 weeks, and socializes, socialice, socialice. But, Note that many kinds of training puppies require certain vaccinations (such as kennel cough) stay up to date, and many veterinarians recommend limited exposure to other dogs and public places until puppy vaccinations (including rabies, distemper and parvovirus) They are completed. Instead of formal training, You can start training your puppy to socialize at home and among family and friends until immunizations are completed in the puppy.

Talk to the breeder, Describe exactly what you want in a dog and ask for help choosing a puppy. Breeders see puppies daily and can make incredibly accurate recommendations once they know something about their lifestyle and personality.

The Great Dane perfect doesn't come fully formed out of the puppy box. It is a product of his background and upbringing. Look for one whose parents have good personalities and who have been well socialized since the puppy's young age.

Great Dane fitness

The maintenance of Great Dane it is very complex and expensive. Food in the required quality and quantity, possible veterinary and drug costs, direct and indirect transportation costs and more require a financially wealthy owner. Yes a Great Dane wants to sit on the couch, you need all the two-seater, at least. Furniture made of solid faux leather has proven its worth here. The Great Dane should not be kept in a small apartment, Better is a house with a garden. The ideal would be to live in a rural area. Hectic urban centers are not the place where these big dogs feel comfortable. Also dog and owner are often met with rejection and even open hostility here. This must be considered.

Scooby Doo

Fiction has made it one of the best-known dogs to the general public.. Scooby Doo character is a Great Dane.

The Great Dane it is a big dog that wants to have a lot of movement. But, he is hardly ever seen on the street, although with 1.200 puppies a year ranks ninth on the VDH bestseller hit list (German Canine Federation), even before dog breeds like the Bernese Mountain Dog or the Chihuahua, they are seen much more often on the streets. Often these giants are only locked up once they are past their puppy age and - poorly socialized and educated.- can no longer be managed by the owner who is not familiar with dogs. The Great Dane not a kennel dog. He is basically a family dog ​​and wants and needs the loving connection with his human family. Is smart and responsive. One should not think about what to do if this big dog, at times of 90 kg, is sick and has to be loaded. So, buying a Great Dane must be carefully considered.

Great Dane Education

The Great Dane a dog is not for beginners. Its strength and potential danger require expert and loving socialization, education and guidance already in the puppies. It is sensitive and intelligent and does not forgive any mistakes of the owner so quickly. She likes to be guided and educated, but not by any means of coercion. Many normal dog training aids do not work with the Great Dane, simply because it is too strong. In case of doubt, even the strongest man will not wear the leash. Due to overexploitation and unilaterally oriented breeding selection towards outward appearances, today there are, although extremely rare, specimens with idiopathic aggressiveness, which then represent practically insoluble problems for an education.

Great Dane Health

Great Danes also suffer from a high incidence of cardiomyopathy, a disease of the heart muscle that causes the heart to enlarge. This is very common in many giant dogs, and when it occurs late in life, can often be controlled with medication. Have your dog's heart checked at least once a year, and that any unusual murmurs or symptoms be investigated by a board-certified veterinary cardiologist. This condition can also be genetic., but currently available tests can only rule out the dog at the moment; a dog could shed one day and develop heart disease the next.

Great Danes can also suffer from hip dysplasia, a crippling malformation of the hip socket that may require expensive surgery to repair and can result in painful arthritis later in life. Another genetic problem with an imperfect screening test, The best prevention for hip dysplasia at this time is to buy only a puppy whose parents have been tested with normal hips and who have very few close relatives with the disease.. Keep your dog slim, especially when young, can also help.

Another painful bone disease is hypertrophic osteodystrophy., that occurs during the puppy's rapid growth phase. Ask Your Vet About Large Breed Puppy Foods. These diets are formulated to help puppies grow slowly., which can help prevent developmental orthopedic problems.

Cancer is another major cause of death in the Great Dane, especially bone cancer. They are also prone to other skeletal problems, visual and neurological, both older and younger.
Not all of these conditions are detectable on a growing puppy, and it is impossible to predict if an animal will be free of these diseases, so you need to find a reputable breeder who is committed to raising the healthiest animals possible. Must be able to produce independent certification that the dog's parents (and grandparents, etc.) have been examined for common defects and considered healthy for breeding. That's where health records come in..

Careful breeders screen their breeding dogs for genetic diseases and breed only the healthiest, best-looking specimens., but sometimes mother nature has other ideas and a puppy develops one of these diseases despite good husbandry practices. Advances in veterinary medicine mean that in most cases dogs can still live a good life. If you are going to have a puppy, ask the breeder about the ages of the dogs in their lines and what they died of.

Remember that after you have welcomed a new puppy into your home, has the power to protect you from one of the most common health problems: the obesity. Keep a Great Dane with a proper weight is one of the easiest ways to prolong your life. Make the most of your preventive skills to help ensure a healthier dog for life.

Great Dane care

The Great Dane has a short coat, thick and smooth. Falls moderately, in other words, more than you might think, but it requires little cleaning. Brush into Danish weekly with a rubber glove or soft bristle brush to keep hair and skin healthy. In spring and autumn, will have a heavy shed, known as "blowing" the coat and will need to be brushed more frequently during that time to get rid of all the loose hair.

Bathe Danish as you like or only when it gets dirty. With the gentle dog shampoos available now, you can bathe a dane weekly if you want without damaging his coat.

The rest is basic care. Cut your toenails every few weeks. Long nails can catch on things and tear off. That is so painful, and bleed much. Brush your teeth frequently for good dental health. To prevent ear infections, keep ears dry and clean, using a cleaning solution recommended by your vet.

Nutrition / Food

The Great Dane consume large amounts of food. At the same time, this food must be of a very high quality and must be selectively composed during the growth phase, which lasts up to two years. When it comes to eating, sometimes it is very rustic. Certainly not all, but some Great Danes don't have the best "table manners". So it may occasionally happen that the dog, as well as the feeding place should be cleaned after eating. How to minimize the risk of stomach torsion in this predisposed breed through proper feeding management is very important.

Life expectancy

Life expectancy Great Dane has increased slightly from the extremely low level of 2004 with 6 years and 6 months to 7 years, according to British Kennel Club statistics. As a general rule: the bigger and more unusual the coat color, less will be the life expectancy. Already at the age of 8 years a Great Dane he's officially considered an old man nowadays. Without gigantism and healthy breeding it could have a life expectancy of 10 to 12 years.

Buy a Great Dane

Only puppies from parents with a maximum height of 80 cm to the cross and have the colors yellow, striped, black, spotted. It also, Care must be taken to avoid inbreeding to get a puppy Great Dane healthy. One should know how old the ancestors of the puppies were. Those interested in dogs can find a Great Dane in one of the emergency initiatives for dogs and offer them a loving home. Maintaining Great Danes is very expensive. Acquisition costs can be negligible compared.

Images "Great Dane"

Photos:

1 – Little Great Dane of 5 months, color negro by Eacampbell14 / CC BY-SA
2 – 07 VICKY TRES MESES by https://flic.kr/ps/H4SaY
3 – Great Dane by https://www.pxfuel.com/es/free-photo-oqedh
4 – Great Dane by https://www.publicdomainpictures.net/es/view-image.php?image=34101&picture=great-dane-dog
5 – Great Dane Dog Close-up portrait of a Harlequin Great Dane dog by public domain
6 – Large size dog standing on woman wearing gray pullover hoodie on green open field at daytime by https://www.wallpaperflare.com/large-size-dog-standing-on-woman-wearing-gray-pullover-hoodie-on-green-open-field-at-daytime-wallpaper-zqizp

Videos "Great Dane"

Type and recognitions:

  • FCI CLASSIFICATION:
  • Group :
  • Section : . .

Federations:

  • FCI – Pinscher and Schnauzer-Molossoid type dogs – Swiss Mountain Dogs and Cattledogs. Section 2.1 Molossoid, mastiff type.
  • AKC – Working dogs
  • CKC
  • ​KC – Working dogs
  • NZKC – Non-Sporting
  • UKC – Watchdog

FCI breed standard "Great Dane"

Origin:
Denmark, France, Germany

Date of publication of the valid original standard:
08/10/2012

Use:

Guard and protection dog, service dog



General appearance:

The Great Dane brings together in its aristocratic general appearance a strong body structure combined with pride., strength and elegance. The substance together with its nobility and harmony in its appearance with the layout of its well-proportioned lines, an especially expressive head give the observer the image of a noble statue. It is neither too elegant nor gross. The difference between the sexes is clearly defined. It is the Apollo among the dog breeds.



PROPIMPORTANT ORTIONSIts structure is almost square, especially in males. Females may have a slightly longer body.



Behavior / temperament:

Friendly, love or and devoted to his master. In front of strangers it can be somewhat reserved. A companion dog is required, family, self-confident, not scary, easy to handle and educate with a high stimulation threshold, without being aggressive.

Head:

In harmony with its general appearance, elongated, close, significant but not wedge-shaped. Expressive, finely chiseled (especially in the area under the eyes). The distance from the tip of the nose to the stop and from the stop to the slightly marked occiput should be as much as possible. The top line of the muzzle and skull should definitely be parallel. Viewed from the front, the head should have a narrow appearance and the nose should be as wide as possible..

Cranial region:
  • Craging: Superciliary arches well developed but not protruding.
  • Ston: Clearly defined.

facial region:

  • Trufa: Well developed, wider than round (nostrils wide open). Must be black except for Great Dane spotted black and white. In these, a black truffle is desired and a truffle with black or flesh-colored spots is tolerated.. In blue dogs the truffle is the color of anthracite (diluted black).
  • Horcico: Deep and possibly rectangular. Not pointed or with too little or protruding edges. Well marked lip commissure. Dark pigmented bumps. Black and white spotted Great Dane should tolerate not fully pigmented or flesh-colored gills. The nasal bridge should never be concave, convex or descending forward.
  • Jaws/Teeth: Wide and well developed jaws. Scissor bite, strong, healthy and complete. (42 teeth according to dental formula). Lack of P1 of the lower jaw is tolerated. All deviations from a complete scissor bite are absolutely unwanted.
  • Cheeks: Cheek muscles only slightly marked and in no way protruding.
  • Ojors: Medium in size with a lively expression, Smart and friendly. Where possible dark, almond shaped with well attached eyelids. Their placement not too far apart nor should they be eyes of an elongated shape. Clear eyes are undesirable, stabbing and amber yellow eyes. Slightly clearer eyes are allowed in the Blue Great Dane. Black and white spotted Great Dane should tolerate light eyes or eyes of undefined color.
  • Obars: By nature pendants, high insertion, medium size with its front edge resting on the cheeks. They should not have an insert too high or too low or separated or flat on the sides.

Neck:

Long, dry, muscular. It should not be short or thick. Well developed insert, tapering slightly towards the head and its upper line arched. Postage raised, somewhat slanting forward but not forming a deer neck. Too much loose or double chin is unwanted.

Body:

  • Cruz: It is the highest point of a robust body. It is formed by the scapulae that go beyond the spinal process.
  • Dorrso: Short and firm, in an almost straight line with an imperceptible drop backwards. In no case ascending towards the posterior or too long.
  • Itmor: Slightly arched, width, good muscular.
  • Glikeness: Wide, with strong muscles, slightly falling from the sacrum to the insertion of the tail with which it merges impercepti- blebly. The rump should never fall abruptly or be completely flat..
  • Pecho: Reaches up to elbow joint. Well arched ribs extending backwards. Chest of good width and depth with a well developed chest without the sternum being too marked. Ribs should not be flat or barrel-shaped.
  • Línlower ea and abdomen: Belly retracted well towards the back, forming a moderate curved line with the lower portion of the thorax. It is not desired in females to keep a loose belly after pregnancy..

Tail:

Reaches up to the tibial-tarsal joint, should not be too long not too short. High and wide insert, it should not be too high or too low nor too thick. Tunes evenly towards the end. At rest it hangs down forming a natural curve. When excited or during movement a slight saber bearing but not in the form of a hook or ring and not considerably above the line of the back or to the sides. A brush-shaped glue is not desired.

Tips

PREVIOUS MEMBERS: Well angled with strong bones and musculature.

  • Hormbros: Strong musculature. Long and inclined scapula forming an angle of 100º to 110º with the arm.
  • Brazo: Strong and muscular, glued to the body, should be a little longer than the scapula.
  • Elbows: Without deviations, neither in nor out.
  • Antarm: Strong, muscular. Seen from the front or from the side completely straight with vertical stop.
  • Carpo: Strong, firm, very little difference from the structure of the forearm.
  • Metacarpus: Seen from the front, strong and straight. Profile, shows very slight forward lean.
  • Pinis previous: Round, well arched with fingers well together (Jack's foot). Short nails, strong, as dark as possible.

LATER MEMBERS: The entire skeleton is covered by strong muscles that make the rump, hips and thighs have a wide and round appearance. The hind limbs are well angulated and strong, seen from behind are parallel to the forelimbs.

  • Thighs: Long, wide and very muscular.
  • Rodinllas: Strong, positioned almost vertically below the hip joint.
  • PinErna: long, approximately the same length as the thighs. With developed musculature.
  • Atibio-tarsal articulation (Hock): Strong, stable, without deviations, neither outward nor inward.Metatarsus: Short, strong, almost perpendicular to the floor.
  • Pinis later: Round, well arched with fingers well together (Jack's foot). Short nails, strong, as dark as possible.

Movement:

Harmonious, agile, covering a lot of ground, slightly elastic. The limbs observed both in front and behind must move in parallel. Without taking short steps, no ambition step.

Mantle

PIEL: Footprint, well pigmented in dogs with solid colors. In the black and white spotted Great Dane the distribution of pigmentation corresponds mostly to the spots.

Plink: Very short, thick, smooth, flattened and shiny looking. It should never be rough, matte or double layer.

Colorr: The Great Dane is bred in three independent varieties: leonado and tabby, splashed and black, blue.

  • Leonado: Pale golden leonado to intense golden leonado. A black mask is never desirable., bluish fawn or a sooty fawn color. No white marks.
  • Ayougrado: Basic color pale gold fawn to deep gold fawn with regular, clearly drawn black stripes running in the direction of the ribs. A black mask is desirable. Never with discolored stripes. No white marks.
  • Arlequin(Whites with black splattered spots): Pure white base color, if possible, without any mottling, with jet black spots well distributed over the entire body, irregular in shape and with the appearance of being broken.. No gray areas are desired on the stains, blue or brownish as well as a gray-blue splash. The so-called “Grautiger” (have a mainly gray base color on black spots) occur, they are not wanted but they are not disqualified.
  • Negros: Azabach Black White markings on chest and feet are allowed. This includes the “Manteltiger” in which black covers the body in the form of a mantle and the snout., neck, chest, belly, Extremities and the tip of the tail can be white as well as Great Danes with a white base color and large black plates. (Record dogs). It is a defect a leonado color, brown or blue black.
  • Awithul: Dark steel blue color, indulging in white markings on chest and feet Never tawny or blackish blue.


Size and weight:

Alturto the cross:

  • Males: at least 80 cm not exceeding 90 cm.
  • females: at least 72 cm not exceeding 84 cm.


Fouls:

Any deviation from the aforementioned criteria is considered as a fault and the severity of this is considered to the degree of the deviation to the standard and its consequences on the health and well-being of the dog..

  • Cthey are not coming: Insufficient stop
  • Horcico: Rolled lips (lower lips squeezed between the incisors of the upper and lower jaw).
  • Jaws / Teeth: Irregular positioning of the incisors individually as long as the correct bite is maintained, teeth too small partial clamp bite.
  • Ojors: Protruding or placed too deep
  • Hormbros: Loose or overloaded with right shoulder blades
  • Elbows: loose
  • Antarm: Curved, protruding knuckles on the carpal joint
  • Carpo: Outstanding Significantly compromised or inclined.
  • Formertlater remities: angulation very open or very closed In the static cow hock, hocks together or crowded.
  • PinIt: Plans, open, Long Dewclaws.

FALTAS GRAVES:

  • Temperament: Diffidence, shy or nervous.
  • Cthey are not coming: Amanzanada, too marked cheek muscles
  • Ojors: Loose eyelids, conjunctiva too reddened
  • Dorrso: back sunken or soggy.
  • Glikeness: too inclined
  • Colto: inclined, thickened at the tip or tail amputated
  • Movement: Pasuqueo permanent

FALTAS DISQUALIFYING:

  • Aggressiveness or extreme shyness.
  • Any dog ​​showing clear signs of physical or behavioral abnormalities must be disqualified..
  • Temperament: Teether for fear, easily provoked
  • Trufa: liver colored truffle, party nose
  • Ectropión, entropion or macroblefarian Different color in solid color. Watery blue eyes.
  • Jaws / Teeth: Prognathic bite, enognathic the crossed mouth, bite clamp, absence of teeth except two P1 in the lower jaw.
  • Colto: Broken tail.
  • Colorr
    • Gran Danish Leonado and tabby: silver blue or isabella color, white star on the forehead, white collar around the neck, white feet or sockets and white tail tip.
    • Black and White Spotted Great Dane: white without any black spots (albinos) as well as deaf Danes, the so-called Porzellantiger (these mainly show blue spots, leonadas or atigradas). 
    • Gblue danish ran: white star on the forehead, white collar around the neck, white “dumps” or white tip of the tail.

Tby hand: Below minimum height.



N.B.:
  • Males should have two normal-appearing testicles fully descended into the scrotum..
  • Only functionally and clinically healthy dogs, with the typical conformation of the breed, should be used for parenting.

TRANSLATION: Mrs. Brígida Nestler.

Technical supervision: SR. Miguel Angel Martinez.

Source: F.C.I - International Cynological Federation

Alternative names:

1. Deutsche Dogge, German Mastiff, Boarhound, Apollo of Dogs, Gentle Giant (English).
2. Grand Danois (French).
3. Ulmer Dogge, Englische Dogge, Dänische Dogge, Hatzrüde, Saupacker, Große Dogge (German).
4. Grande dinamarquês, Alano tedesco (Portuguese).
5. Dogo alemán, Alano alemán (español).