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Palm cockatoo
Probosciger aterrimus

Origin: Australia, Indonesian, Papua New Guinea

Character: Loving and gentle

Life expectancy: 60 years

Height: 51 to 64 cm.

Content

Description

51 to 64 cm. height and a weight between 910 and 1200 g.
The Palm cockatoo (Probosciger aterrimus) it is one of the largest cockatoo species. Unmistakable with a Erectile Crest of 15 cm.. Mainly arboreal.

Both sexes differ in size. Immatures are differentiated by the pale yellow at the bottom and the tip of the bill and the eye ring in color white.
Usually black with a bare area around the cheeks and eyes red. The feathers of the crest they are long and thin, black streaks.
The bill is dark gray, smaller in the female. The legs son grises. The language is black and Red.
The cheek skin changes color according to its health or stress level, a pink / beige to a yellow when it is excited.

Description 4 supespecies

Probosciger aterrimus aterrimus

(Gmelin, 1788) – Nominal.

Probosciger aterrimus goliath

(Kuhl, 1820) – Larger than the subspecies macgillivrayi.

Probosciger aterrimus macgillivrayi

(Mathews, 1912) – Larger than the species nominal.

Probosciger aterrimus stenolophus

(Oort Cloud, 1911) – As the subspecies goliat, but with feathers crest closer.

Sound of the Palm cockatoo.

Habitat:

The presence of this cockatoo is documented from sea level to 1350 metres in height.

In New Guinea they are in tropical rainforests, including gallery forests, edges of forests and monsoon forests. In Australia they live in forests of eucalyptus, forest of Melaleuca, partially cleared areas and sheets.

You are travelling individually, in pairs or in groups of five or six. About an hour after sunrise they gather in the treetops.

Reproduction:

The nesting occurs between August and February.
Nest in the cavities of trees which tend to be of approximately 1 m depth and 25 to 60 cm in diameter. These are full of branches broken at the bottom on which rests the egg. The site is often used year after year.
Reproduce every two years. They put a single egg and both parents the hatch for a period of 28 to 31 days, at around 3 to 4 more days to hatch. The squab was born completely naked and does not develop marker, unlike other Cockatoo chicks. They are taken from 100 to 110 days to leave the nest, the longest period among all parrot species. After leaving the nest, the young bird depends on the parents at least others 6 weeks because of its inability to fly.

Food:

Seeds, dried fruits, fruit, berries, sprouts leaves and insect larvae.
They feed mainly in the forest canopy, but can also feed on the ground on fallen fruits and seeds.

Distribution:

Size of the area of distribution (reproduction / resident): 716.000 km2

New Guinea and adjacent islands, North of Queensland, Australia.

Distribution 4 subspecies:

Probosciger aterrimus aterrimus

(Gmelin, 1788) – Nominal. Islands Aru, Misool, South of New Guinea and northeast of Australia (Cape York)

Probosciger aterrimus goliath

(Kuhl, 1820) – Western Cordillera Papuan Islands, except Misool, Indonesian, and centre of New Guinea, since the Doberai Peninsula, Irian Jaya, up to the this of the southeast of Papua New Guinea.

Probosciger aterrimus macgillivrayi

(Mathews, 1912) – South of New Guinea between the rivers Fly and Balim, and Cape York Peninsula, North of Queensland, Australia, on the East Coast towards the Princess Charlotte Bay and on the West Coast, in the edward river.

Probosciger aterrimus stenolophus

(Oort Cloud, 1911) – The Yapen island on Cenderawasih Bay, Irian Jaya, and North of New Guinea, from the mamberamo river to the East of the collingwood bay, Southeast of Papua New Guinea.

Conservation:

State of conservation ⓘ
Minor Concern ⓘ (UICN)ⓘ

• Least concern according to IUCN classification.

• Population trend: Decrease

This species has a very large range, and therefore not approaching the threshold of vulnerability. While the trend of the population seems to be decreasing, the decline is not believed to be fast enough to approach vulnerable bird thresholds based on population trend criteria.

In some parts of its area of distribution, the forest habitat in which occur the hollow trees is being invaded by the rainforest.

"Palm cockatoo" in captivity:

Rare bird cage, Although they have a great demand for the market of pet due to its unusual appearance.
They can live more than 55 years of age in captivity.

They may develop compulsive behaviors, as the pecking of feathers. They can also mimic sounds and human language.

Aggressiveness within pairs is taken into account for captive breeding., Sometimes the male usually kill the female. As such, There are more different management methods, from bringing both cockatoos together only during the breeding period and quickly removing the male, cut the male that the female escape flying, or create complex installations that are carried out next to a cutout of the male, so that the female always has an escape route in the face of aggression.

There are currently laws that prohibit the export of any Palm cockatoo without a permit.

Alternative names:

– Palm Cockatoo, Black Macaw, Goliath Aratoo, Goliath Cockatoo, Great Black Cockatoo, Great Palm Cockatoo (English).
– Cacatoès noir, Microglosse noir (French).
– Arakakadu (German).
– Cacatua-das-palmeiras (Portuguese).
– Cacatúa de las Palmas, Cacatúa Enlutada (español).

scientific classification:

– Order: Psittaciformes
– Family: Cacatuidae
– Genus: Palm
– Scientific name: Probosciger aterrimus
– Citation: (Gmelin, JF, 1788)
– Protonimo: Psittacus aterrimus

Images of the Black Cockatoo:

Parrots in the world

Sources:
– avibase
– infoexoticos
– Parrots of the World – Forshaw Joseph M
– Parrots A Guide to the Parrots of the World – Tony Juniper & Mike Parr
– Birdlife

– Photos: avianzoo, papageien.org, avianzoo, Wikimedia.org

– Sound: Frank Lambert

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Large Fig Parrot
Psittaculirostris desmarestii

Origin: Papua New Guinea

Character: Activos

Life expectancy: ---

Height: 18 cm..

Content

Description

18 cm.. length and a weight between 108 and 126 g..

The Large Fig Parrot (Psittaculirostris desmarestii) is a small Parrot, Chunky, of head large, with one tail short of tip, can only be confused with the Double-eyed Fig-Parrot.

The Large Fig Parrot have the front of the crown burning Orange, paler towards the nape; lores orange red; area above and below the eye, clear turquoise and bright blue-violet; cheeks and elongated headphones feathers bottom of color green pale bright, diffuse orange in the Center. Stripe blue in the part back from the neck.

Upperparts green, with a wash light color olive on the part lumbar and Hip; coverts of the wings green, with orange spots at the tip of the greater coverts more internal; vane outside of the flight feather more blue-green that the coverts and with margin yellow on the tips; vane blackish brown internal; bend of wing light blue. Wing feathers Turquoise Green (the longest yellow); below, the wings, with yellow band in vane inner, with the exception of the primaries outermost.

The underparts of a green more light, broken by a close and continuous band of pale blue at the top of the chest, bordered below by a reddish-brown band.

Upper, the tail green; below greyish green.

The bill black; irises dark brown; legs gray-green.

The females the males are, except in the lowlands of the South where lack of yellow in the back of the neck, present in males (in this species, young birds are like the female).

The immature they have a crown dirty yellowish in most subspecies, although immature of the Southeast they have the crown green. In Misool, the juveniles they have a blue dot in the eye that is lost with the plumage of the adult.

Sound of the Large Fig Parrot.

Subspecies description

Psittaculirostris Psittaculirostris desmarestii

: (Desmarest, 1826) – The nominal.

Psittaculirostris desmarestii blythii

: (Wallace, 1864) – Males and females are similar to the occidentalis, but with cheeks bright orange-yellow; the blue color under the eyes, absent.

The youth, similar to adults, but with blue under the eye.

Psittaculirostris desmarestii occidentalis

: (Salvadori, 1876) – Both the male and the female with the cheeks and throat golden yellow, becoming yellow bright in the elongated ear-coverts; Blue pale and greenish below the eyes; absent the blue color of the neck.

The youth, equal to adults.

Psittaculirostris desmarestii intermedius

: (Victoria, 1909) – Both adults similar to the nominal species, but much deeper orange color of the crown and nape; cheeks green and ear-coverts Yellowish orange to some feather-tipped; the nuchal collar blue, absent the least.

The youth, equal to adults

Psittaculirostris desmarestii godmani

: (Ogilvie-Grant, 1911) – In the male, the blue color in the occiput and under the eye, is absent; orange-red in the crown and nape with a yellow stripe on the back of the neck; cheeks and headphones coverts bright; the band light blue above the chest is more extensive, but the red-orange band below is absent or minimal. The female is green on the back side of the neck, absent yellow band.

The youth, equal to adults.

Psittaculirostris desmarestii cervicalis

: (Salvadori & D’Albertis, 1875) – Male and females are similar to the subspecies godmani, but with the nape and back neck , are blue; darker blue chest band; Orange the part low of the chest and the abdomen.

The youth with the crown and nape green.

Habitat:

The Large Fig Parrot are found in the land low and forests in the hills, riparian forests, edge forest and occasionally in sheets, usually below 1.100 m, at the local level to the 1,650 m.

Very active, are released from branch to branch and quickly fly in groups of 2 to 6 birds through the trees in search of food, make calls constantly.

Reproduction:

Its breeding season It has registered in various moments of the year, with reproductive behaviors observed in July and September. Little is known of their breeding habits but they have been observed to use the nests communally, in groups of up to three couples, also it has observed them in noisy groups in the vicinity of alleged nests high in the trees.

During the courtship, mutual grooming is common, and during copulation the male places one foot on the back of the female and one on its perch.

Food:

The diet is made up mainly of figs and their seeds, nectar, and probably insects.

The birds gather in small groups to feed at the top of the fruiting fig trees. Cut the fruit with their sharp beaks to expose seeds.

Distribution:

Size area (reproduction / resident): 82.400 km2

West and South of Irian Jaya, Indonesia New Guinea, Since the papuan islands (West Batanta, Salawati and Misool), through the peninsulas of Vogelkop to Bomberai and Onin in the South, and in the north of the Peninsula Wandamen, in the South and East of the lowlands and hills (in the area of Karimui) 137 ° E, reaching around of Popondetta on the north coast of the southeastern peninsula. The species is unique and locally common, with a stable world population estimated at more of 150.000 specimens. The subspecies Psittaculirostris desmarestii occidentalis they are declining, probably because the bird trade and habitat loss.

Subspecies distribution

Psittaculirostris desmarestii desmarestii

: The nominal – West of New Guinea (East of regions of peninsula Vogelkop)

Psittaculirostris desmarestii blythii

: Islands of Misool (West of papua islands)

Psittaculirostris desmarestii occidentalis

: West of peninsula Vogelkop, Salawati and Batanta Islands

Psittaculirostris desmarestii intermedius

: West of New Guinea (peninsula Onin)

Psittaculirostris desmarestii godmani

: South of New Guinea (from the southeast of Irian Jaya to Fly River)

Psittaculirostris desmarestii cervicalis

: Southeast of New Guinea (from Fly River at the East end of Papua New Guinea)

Conservation:

• Current IUCN Red List category: Least concern

• Population trend: Decreasing

The size of the world population Although not it has quantified, It is thought that it may be above the 150,000 specimens. The species, according to sources, is usually Rare and local (pit et to the. 1997).

The population is suspected that it may be in decline due to the destruction of habitat and fragmentation underway, and perhaps also by the captures for the bird trade.

"Large Fig Parrot" in captivity:

Rare in captivity.

The Large Fig Parrot It Active and playful. Pretty quiet; only makes noise when shaken. It is customary to caregiver quite easily. You can stay in the colony only in a large aviary.

Alternative names:

– Large Fig Parrot, Demarest’s Fig Parrot, Desmarest’s Fig Parrot, Desmarest’s Fig-Parrot, Flame-headed Fig Parrot, Large Fig-Parrot (ingles).
– Psittacule de Desmarest (French).
– Buntbrust-Zwergpapagei, Buntbrust-Zwergpapgei (German).
– Lóris-da-cabeça-dourada-de-desmarest (Portuguese).
– Lorito de Desmarest (español).

scientific classification:

– Order: Psittaciformes
– Family: Psittaculidae
– Genus: c
– Scientific name: Psittaculirostris desmarestii
– Citation: (Desmarest, 1826)
– Protonimo: Psittacus Desmarestii

Images "Lorito de Desmarest":

Videos "Large Fig Parrot"

————————————————————————————————

"Lorito of Desmarest" (Psittaculirostris desmarestii)

Sources:

– Avibase
– Parrots of the World – Forshaw Joseph M
– Parrots A Guide to the Parrots of the World – Tony Juniper & Mike Parr
– Birdlife
– parrots.org

– Photos:

(1) – By Zdenek Chalupa – Biolib
(2) – By Vladimir Motyčka – Biolib
(3) – Would Janmad (Own work) [GFDL or CC BY 3.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(4) – animalphotos
(5) – «Buntbrust-Feigenpapagei desmarestrii Psittaculirostris 090501 We 228«. Licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0 via Wikimedia Commons.

– Sounds: BAS van Balen (Xeno-canto)

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Brown-headed Parrot
Poicephalus cryptoxanthus

Origin: South Africa, Mozambique, Tanzania, Kenya, Malawi

Character: ...

Life expectancy: 32 years

Height: 22 cm..

Content

Description:

Of 22 cm.. length and a weight between 120 and 156 g..

The Brown-headed Parrot (Poicephalus cryptoxanthus) has the head, including the nape, the chin and throat brown; ear-coverts paler. Mantle brown, but more to the tail; scapulars dark green-edged Brown; rump and uppertail-coverts bright green. Upper, the wing-coverts green, sometimes with a small yellow spot on the curve of the wing folded; wing feathers yellow. Primaries brown with vane Blue-Green external; the secondaries brown.

The feathers in the upper area of the chest brown with a narrow green edge at the bottom; the rest of the underparts green, but darker bases of the feathers, giving a mottled look.

Tail dark brown with green washing and dark green tip.

The upper jaw and cere grey-black (darker towards tip), lower pale, almost white; irises yellow-green light; periophthalmic ring and legs dark grey to black.

Both sexes similar.

Immature generally more muted than adults and with the irises brown.

Sound of the Brown-headed Parrot.

Subspecies description:

Poicephalus cryptoxanthus cryptoxanthus (Peters,W, 1854) – Nominal species

Poicephalus cryptoxanthus tanganyikae (Bowen, 1930) – As the nominal but more pale species; more green and less Brown. Green mantle and underparts brighter. Bib of brown feathers on the throat and upper of the much smaller chest than in the nominal species; the head more color olive brown.

Habitat:

Is located in almost all the forests: riparian forests, in the interior of the savannah forests and in the dry forests of southeastern Africa, but it seems to avoid the miombo woodland and prefers areas with baobabs.

Registered in coconut plantations, riparian forest, the edges of small farms and mangroves.

Confined in lowlands (below the 1.200 metres above sea level in Tanzania and 1.000 metres in Malawi).

Gregarious; usually seen them is in small flocks of about 12 birds, but can meet up to 50 in places of power. Sometimes it is associated with the Cape Parrot and also observed feeding in the company of the Madagascar Green-Pigeon.

Reproduction:

Normally nest in hollows of old trees of woodpeckers, between 4 and 10 meters above the ground. Often has to compete with the Cape Parrot, Meyer's Parrot, squirrels and Crowned Hornbill the nesting sites.

Season of laying egg is April-May in the South of its range.

The laying is of 2 to 4 eggs, which are incubated solely by the female during 26-30 days, While the male feeds her on the nest.

The chicks they remain in the nest during 50-54 days Before leaving for the "breeding area", which is usually an area of dense broadleaf trees with a nearby water supply. During this time the chicks are silent and largely immobile, becoming fully independent a few 28 days later.

Food:

Diet includes figs, berries cultivation of cassava Manihot esculenta, seeds of Adansonia, coconut palm flowers, new shoots of trees, fruits of Pseudocadia zambesica, pods of Acacia nigrescens and Albizia gummifera, immature seeds of Erythrina and nectar from flowers of Aloe and African Kigelia; also takes millet and corn and in some areas considered a pest.

They forage, with slow and deliberate movements, climbing and often holding the food between the claws. They drink daily, around midday.

Distribution:

The Brown-headed Parrot are distributed by the southeast of Africa. From the North-East of South Africa (Swaziland, Zululand and Transvaal) through the southeast of Zimbabwe, Mozambique and South of Malawi to the East of Tanzania (including the island of Pemba and southern end of Zanzibar) and southeastern edge of Kenya.

There are also in Wasini island.

Apparently sedentary. In some places, the Brown-headed Parrot, are a species common, especially close to the coast and in the South of its range, but in some other areas are scarce or rather local; in Zanzibar possibly extinct.

Distribution Subspecies:

Poicephalus cryptoxanthus cryptoxanthus (Peters,W, 1854) – Nominal species

Poicephalus cryptoxanthus tanganyikae (Bowen, 1930) – Mozambique, to the North of the Save River across the South of Malawi and this from Tanzania to the coastal part of Kenya.

Conservation:

• Current Red List of UICN: Least concern

• Population trend: Stable

It is not threatened, although its distribution has contracted since 1990, to a large extent due to the capture illegal for the industry of cage birds.

More and more vulnerable due to the loss and fragmentation of their habitat.

Largely confined to protected areas in Zululand and East of Transvaal.

"Brown-headed Parrot" in captivity:

The only data we have on this bird, according to sources, is that one specimen was still alive after 32,1 years in captivity.

Alternative names:

– Brown-headed Parrot, Brown headed Parrot, Brownheaded Parrot (English).
– Perroquet à tête brune (French).
– Braunkopfpapagei, Braunkopf-Papagei (German).
– Papagaio-de-cabeça-castanha (Portuguese).
– Lorito Cabecipardo, Lorito de Cabeza Parda (español).

scientific classification:

– Order: Psittaciformes
– Family: Psittacidae
– Genus: Poicephalus
– Scientific name: Poicephalus cryptoxanthus
– Citation: (Peters, W, 1854)
– Protonimo: Psittacus (Poiocephalus) [sic] cryptoxanthus

Images "Lorito Caecipardo»:

Videos "Brown-headed Parrot"

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“Lorito Caecipardo» (Poicephalus cryptoxanthus)

Sources:

– Avibase
– Parrots of the World – Forshaw Joseph M
– Parrots A Guide to the Parrots of the World – Tony Juniper & Mike Parr
– Birdlife

– Photos:

(1) – A Brown-headed Parrot at Kruger National Park, South Africa Henry Flower at en.Wikipedia [CC BY-SA 3.0 or GFDL], from Wikimedia Commons
(2) – Bungalow N°51, Mopani Camp, Kruger NP, SOUTH AFRICA By Bernard DUPONT from FRANCE (Brown-headed Parrot (Poicephalus cryptoxanthus)) [CC BY-SA 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(3) – A Brown-headed Parrot in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa By New Jersey Birds (Brown-headed ParrotUploaded by snowmanradio) [CC BY-SA 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(4) – Bungalow N°51, Mopani Camp, Kruger NP, SOUTH AFRICA By Bernard DUPONT from FRANCE (Brown-headed Parrot (Poicephalus cryptoxanthus)) [CC BY-SA 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(5) – Lower Sabie Camp, Kruger NP, SOUTH AFRICA By Bernard DUPONT from FRANCE (Brown-headed Parrot (Poicephalus cryptoxanthus)) [CC BY-SA 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons

– Sounds: Peter Boesman (Xeno-canto)

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Red-necked Parrot
Amazona arausiaca

Origin: Dominica

Character: Social.

Life expectancy: ----

Height: 40 cm..

Red-necked Parrot (Amazona arausiaca) | By mikko.pyhala

Content

Description:

40 cm.. length and 650 g. of weight.

The Red-necked Parrot (Amazona arausiaca) has the lores, forecrown, front of crown, orbital area and upper cheeks, bright blue; back of the crown, nape and sides neck, with dark blue or blackish margins.

Mantle, back and scapulars, green with narrow faint dark margins giving subtle barred effect. Wing coverts green; carpal edge brighter yellowish green. Primaries green with blue tips; the three outer secondaries, red at the base, yellow and blue at the tips; four secondaries yellow and blue tips. The remaining secondary they are green. Under the wings, the coverts green; flight feather Bluish.

Chin and top of the throat, blue; the bottom throat and, sometimes, upper region chest, with patch resizable bright red; remaining chest and of the belly, green; undertail-coverts, brighter yellowish green. Tail bright green in the center, their outer feathers green tip yellowish green and red marks on the basis of the innerwebs. Bill horn; iris orange; legs grey

Both sexes are similar. It is thought that the immature It is similar to adult but with irises brown. The young fledglings They are significantly smaller than of adults during its first year.

Sound of the Red-necked Parrot.

Habitat:

Video "Red-necked Parrot"
Amazona arausiaca www.pyaf.net/ Watch this video on YouTube.

The Red-necked Parrot inhabits the canopy mountain rainforest, preferring forest areas with trees Tabonuco (Dacryodes excelsa), especially among 300-800 m (the highest density is found and altitudes 500-600 m) although occasionally they reported to 1.200 meters and formerly was a regular visitor (August October ) of the Coast zones.

Usually in small flocks or pairs; more numerous flocks feeding areas, outside the breeding season. Communal roosting in traditional sites, for example in large trees Dacryodes excelsa or Sloanea berteriana, They are using from year to year (but not necessarily all year).

Reproduction:

Nests in a large tree cavity with most nests reported in Dacryodes or Sloanea. breeding season February-June. low productivity probably just a clutch every two years and usually only one young per nest.

Food:

The diet It includes fruits of Dacryodes excelsa, Licania ternatensis, Richeria grandis, Amanoa caribaea, Simarouba amara, Symphonia globulifera, Chimarrhis cymosa, Pouteria pallida, Cordia elliptica, C. laevigata, Pithecellobium jupunba, Byrsonima martinicensis, Dussia martinicensis, Ormosia monosperma, Buchenavia capitata and Palmas Euterpes, egg yolks of Anacardium occidentale and fruits and buds of Lonchocarpus, as well orange crops, etc. Forages mainly in the canopy but also in sub-canopy and occasionally ground level. Usually it is fed in the morning and evening.

Distribution and status:

Size of its range (reproduction / resident): 190 km2

The Red-necked Parrot It is endemic to the Dominica Island in the Lesser Antilles. Formerly it spreads through the mountainous interior, including the northern peninsula. Contraction range from about 1950 with the existing population centered Morne Diablotin (1.447 m, the highest mountain Dominica) which it may have always been his main strength but whose southern slopes birds have been absent from the hurricane 1992.

small populations, reportedly, in the north of the peninsula (where apparently they are resident) and in the eastern center of the island. They can remain very small populations in the south. Recent sporadic observations of birds in low-lying areas of the north and east; other towns in the south suggest the gradual recolonization of the parts of the former range.

mainly residents but maybe (at least once) some regular seasonal foraging movements and some November-January nomadism. Although historical accounts tell of the abundance of this species, the drastic contraction in range and population have occurred since the mid-twentieth century with its gradual retreat in the most remote forests of northern and eastern. The decline is due to the loss of habitat, the hunting and capture bird cage.

The small existing population It is especially vulnerable to the loss of food plants and nesting sites due to hurricane damage. Although the effects of habitat loss may have been especially severe because of the preference of birds through the forests of low level (which it has been under pressure) They tolerate any disturbance and returned to the old feeding areas recently after conversion to plantations of fruit trees. The hunting It was probably the greatest threat to the seventies. Capture for local pet trade now under control due to a successful education campaign.

The population 1977 It was at least 350 birds (probably), but halved by the effects of hurricanes between 1979 and 1980. A Recovery since then 350 estimated birds 1990 and evidence of further increases to more than 500 in 1992. The remaining habitat is partially protected in the North Forest Reserve, but does not include neighboring critically important areas for conservation. Completely protected by national legislation.

Conservation:

State of conservation ⓘ
Vulnerable ⓘ (UICN)ⓘ

• Current category of the Red List of the UICN: Vulnerable.

• Population trend: Increasing.

• Population size: 850-1000.

Rationale for the Red List category

The conservation actions He has helped this species to recover a population down from 1980. Still rated as vulnerable because its population is still very small and its range of small extent and restricted to a single island. But, if future declines in habitat available, could be reclassified as danger of extinction.

Justification of the population

Estimating population most recent is 850-1,000 mature individuals (PR Reillo a slightly. 2012), more or less equivalent to 1.200-1.500 individuals in total.

Justification trend

The population size has increased possibly only 150 birds in 1980, possibly even 1.200 birds currently, based on recent surveys and density estimates (PR Reillo in some. 2016). There is no new data on the evolution of the population, but the species is supposed to still rising.

Threats

Collar 1997

Reillo y Durand 2008

Red-necked Parrot

PR Reillo in some. , 2016

Conservation Actions Underway

Juniper and Parr 1998

PR Reillo in some. 2012

Conservation Actions Proposed

Imperial Parrot

(Amazona imperialis)

PR Reillo in some. 2012

Red-necked Parrot in captivity:

CITES Appendix I and II. It is fully protected by national legislation.

Alternative names:

– Bouquet’s Parrot, Dominican Blue-faced Amazon, Dominican Blue-faced Parrot, Jacquot, Red necked Parrot, Red-necked Amazon, Red-necked Parrot (English).
– Amazone à cou rouge, Amazone de Bouquet (French).
– Blaukopfamazaone, Blaukopfamazone (German).
– Papagaio-de-colar-vermelho (Portuguese).
– Amazona de Cuello Rojo, Amazona Gorgirroja, Amazona gorjirroja, Jaco, loro de cuello rojo (español).

scientific classification:

– Order: Psittaciformes
– Family: Psittacidae
– Genus: Amazona
– Scientific name: Amazona arausiaca
– Citation: (Statius Müller, 1776)
– Protonimo: parrot arausiacus

Images Red-necked Parrot:

Parrots in the world

Species of the genus Amazona

Amazona festiva
—- Amazona festiva bodini
—- Amazona festiva festiva
Amazona vinacea
Amazona tucumana
Amazona pretrei
Amazona agilis
Amazona albifrons
—- Amazona albifrons albifrons
—- Amazona albifrons nana
—- Amazona albifrons saltuensis
Amazona collaria
Amazona leucocephala
—- Amazona leucocephala bahamensis
—- Amazona leucocephala caymanensis
—- Amazona leucocephala hesterna
—- Amazona leucocephala leucocephala
Amazona ventralis
Amazona vittata
—- Amazona vittata gracilipes †
—- Amazona vittata vittata
Amazona finschi
Amazona autumnalis
—- Amazona autumnalis autumnalis
—- Amazona autumnalis lilacina
—- Amazona autumnalis salvini
Amazona diadema
Amazona viridigenalis
Amazona xantholora
Amazona dufresniana
Amazona rhodocorytha
Amazona arausiaca
Amazona versicolor
Amazona oratrix
—- Amazona oratrix belizensis
—- Amazona oratrix hondurensis
—- Amazona oratrix oratrix
Amazona tresmariae
Amazona auropalliata
—- Amazona auropalliata auropalliata
—- Amazona auropalliata caribaea
—- Amazona auropalliata parvipes
Amazona ochrocephala
—- Amazona ochrocephala nattereri
—- Amazona ochrocephala ochrocephala
—- Amazona ochrocephala panamensis
—- Amazona ochrocephala xantholaema
Amazona barbadensis
Amazona aestiva
—- Amazona aestiva aestiva
—- Amazona aestiva xanthopteryx
Amazona mercenarius
—- Amazona mercenarius canipalliata
—- Amazona mercenarius mercenarius
Amazona guatemalae
—- Amazona guatemalae guatemalae
—- Amazona guatemalae virenticeps
Amazona farinosa
Amazona kawalli
Amazona imperialis
Amazona brasiliensis
Amazona amazonica
Amazona guildingii

Sources:

Avibase

Parrots of the World – Forshaw Joseph M

Parrots A Guide to the Parrots of the World – Tony Juniper & Mike Parr

Birdlife

Photos:

(1) – Red-necked Amazon (Amazona arausiaca) – Author: mikko.pyhala – HBW
(2) – Red-necked Amazons at the Parrot Conservation and Research Centre Botanical Gardens, Roseau, Dominica By Andrew Szymanski (originally posted to Flickr as DSCF0031) [CC BY-SA 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(3) – Red-necked Amazons at the Parrot Conservation and Research Centre Botanical Gardens, Roseau, Dominica By Amazona_arausiaca_-Roseau_-Dominica_-aviary-6a.jpg: Andrew Szymanskiderivative work: Snowmanradio [CC BY-SA 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(4) – Amazona arausiaca Sunday, West Indies by Don Faulkner – Flickr
(5) – BARRABAND, Jacques (1767/8-1809) [Parrot Bouquet (Red-necked Amazon, Amazona arausiaca)] From Natural History of Parrots (by Francois Levaillant, 1801-1805) – Wikimedia
(6) – Natural history of parrots /. In Paris :chez Levrault … ;an IX (1801)-an XIII (1805).. by Biodiversity Heritage Library – Flickr

Sounds: Aristides Elias Elias, XC211593. accessible www.xeno-canto.org/211593

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Glossy black cockatoo
Calyptorhynchus lathami

Origin: Australia

Character: Quiet and reserved

Life expectancy: 20 to 40 years

Height: 46 to 51 cm..

Content

Description

46 to 51 cm.. height and between 400 and 500 g. of weight.
The Glossy black cockatoo (Calyptorhynchus lathami) is the smallest of the 5 black cockatoos and is restricted to the East coast of Australia (a population isolated also is reproduced in the Islands Kangaroo).
The male is brown-black color with a small crest rounded and bright Scarlet spots in the tail. The female shows spots irregular in color yellow in it head, The Scarlet patches in the tail they are permeated by narrow black bars and edges of pale yellow on the underparts of the wings.
The immature they are similar to the females, but they lack the yellow markings on the head and show different yellowish tones in the feathers, the chest and in the belly.

Sound of the Glossy black cockatoo.

Subspecies description

Calyptorhynchus lathami lathami

(Temminck, 1807) – The nominal.

Calyptorhynchus lathami halmaturinus

(Mathews, 1912) – Medium-size ones 48 cm. length and 510 to 515 weight g, with a wing of approximately 90 cm.. The of adults they are mainly black, dark brown in the head, the neck and the bottom of the body, and Red panels (in males) or orange-red with bars Black (in females) on tail. The female adult is also conspicuous in the head. These patches are absent from most males., Although they can be expressed faintly in a few individuals (Higgins 1999).

The immature are similar in appearance to the male adult, but have small stains yellow in it head; spots or bars yellow in the chest, belly and flanks; yellow or orange spots on the wing (mainly on the bottom); Red or orange-yellow panels with black bars at the tail; One bill pale grey (instead of dark); And a ring of skin around the eye pale grey (instead of grey dark) (Higgins 1999, L. Pedler 2007, com. Pers.).

Calyptorhynchus lathami erebus

(Schodde & Mason,IJ, 1993) – The only difference with the nominal species resides in that has the bill shorter.

Habitat:

Video – "Glossy black cockatoo" (Calyptorhynchus lathami) Glossy-black Cockatoo (Calyptorhynchus lathami ) HD Video clip 1/3 Watch this video on YouTube.

Areas forested frequently dominated by casuarinas of which are highly dependent for its food. These are small shrubs commonly known as the Sheoaks, wood for beef (Beefwood) or Australian pine. These shrubs are widespread in tropical and subtropical regions.

They are also distributed in open humid forests, difficult terrain where deforestation has not been too great. They have an imperative for natural tree cavities to nest.

Reproduction:

Forman couple during all the life. The couple has relationships throughout the year. This type of family of them parrots prefers to nest in cavities natural of the eucalyptus, whether dead or in full vitality. The nest usually placed at an altitude that ranges between the 3 and 30 meters above the ground. The cavity is filled with leaves and branches. Sometimes, together with other breeding pairs, they share the same tree year after year.

In New South Wales the season extends from March to August. The spawning It consists of a single egg white. It is the female that takes charge of most of the tasks.: It prepares the nest and incubates herself. Never leave the nest until the small is reached the age of one week. In most cases, the male provides the female with food and assistance until the young can fend for itself, normally four months which remains with them until the next breeding season.

Food:

It feeds almost exclusively on the seeds several species of She-oak (Casuarina and Allocasuarina). You can also sometimes eat larvae of wood-boring. They feed in threes, less frequently in pairs, small groups or flocks of up to 60 birds. They can be detected by the snapping of their beaks and the remains of the casuarina cones and twigs that fall.

Distribution:

Size distribution (reproduction / resident): 770.000 km2

The species is Rare Although widespread in suitable forests of the central coast and forest habitats of Queensland and in the interior of the southern plateaus and Plains of the Midwest's New South Wales, with a small population in the Riverina. There is an isolated population in the Kangaroo Island, South of Australia.

Subspecies distribution

Calyptorhynchus lathami lathami

(Temminck, 1807) – The nominal.

Calyptorhynchus lathami halmaturinus

(Mathews, 1912) – Kangaroo Island (South of Australia)

Calyptorhynchus lathami erebus

(Schodde & Mason,IJ, 1993) – It is from Australia (the central eastern coastal area of Queensland)

Conservation:

State of conservation ⓘ
Minor Concern ⓘ (UICN)ⓘ

• Current category of the Red List of the UICN: Least concern.

• Population trend: Decreasing.

Like most parrot species, the Glossy black cockatoo is protected by the Convention on international trade in endangered species of Fauna and Flora Silvestres ( CITES ), with its inclusion in the list of the Appendix II of vulnerable species, What makes the import, the export and trade of animals captured in the wild is illegal.

Justification of the population

Garnett and Crowley (2000) estimated the size of the population in the following way: 12.000 individuals of the subspecies lathami, 70 breeding pairs of the subspecies halmaturinus (equivalent to 140 individuals) and 5.000 individuals of the subspecies erebus giving a total of 17.140 individuals.

Justification of trend

They suspected that the population is declining in general Since the largest subpopulation, lathami, It is slowly decreasing throughout its range. However it is believed that the subspecies Erebus is increasing and the subspecies halmaturinus It is increasing as a result of conservation efforts in the Island Ganguro (Garnett and Crowley 2000).

"Glossy black cockatoo" in captivity:

Like the other black cockatoos, the Glossy black cockatoo (Calyptorhynchus lathami) is extremely rare in the poultry. In Australia It has attained breed in captivity.

Alternative names:

– Glossy Black-Cockatoo, Casuarina Cockatoo, Casuarine Cockatoo, Latham’s Cockatoo, Leach’s Black-Cockatoo, Leach’s Red-tailed Cockatoo, Nutcracker (English).
– Cacatoès de Latham, Cacatoès noir étincelant (French).
– Braunkopfkakadu (German).
– Cacatua-preto-brilhante (Portuguese).

scientific classification:

– Order: Psittaciformes
– Family: Cacatuidae
– Scientific name: Calyptorhynchus lathami
– Genus: Calyptorhynchus
– Citation: (Temminck, 1807)
– Protonimo: Psittacus Lathami

Images Calyptorhynchus lathami:

Parrots in the world

Species of the genus Calyptorhynchus

Calyptorhynchus banksii

—- Calyptorhynchus banksii banksii

—- Calyptorhynchus banksii graptogyne

—- Calyptorhynchus banksii macrorhynchus

—- Calyptorhynchus banksii naso

—- Calyptorhynchus banksii samueli

Calyptorhynchus lathami

—- Calyptorhynchus lathami erebus

—- Calyptorhynchus lathami halmaturinus

—- Calyptorhynchus lathami lathami

Sources:
– Avibase
– Parrots of the World – Forshaw Joseph M
– Parrots A Guide to the Parrots of the World – Tony Juniper & Mike Parr
– Birdlife

– Photos: commons.wikimedia.org, The Glossy Black Conservancy,

– Sounds: Nigel Jackett (Xeno-canto)

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Blue-collared Parrot
Geoffroyus simplex

Origin: Papua New Guinea, Indonesian

Character: Take it easy

Life expectancy:

Height: 23 to 25 cm..

Content

Description

23-25 cm.. length and around 161 g. of weight.

The Blue-collared Parrot (Geoffroyus simplex), they have the head green, more pale and more yellowish in the chin and lower cheeks, with a collar weak but clearly identified blue across the top of the chest and rear of the neck. The upperparts are blackish Green. Curve of the wings yellow; patch Brown in medium-sized inner cover; greater coverts with yellowish green trim; flight feather Black with green in the vane outer; pale line along the inner edge of the tips of the wings closed, formed by yellow tipping in the vane inmates of the flight feather. Underwing coverts and axillary, blue. Ventral pale, more yellowish green than the upper parts. Upper, the tail green; undertail, yellowish.

Bill greyish black; Iris White pale yellowish; legs gray-green.

The females they lack the collar Blue males but have a little blue on the back of the crown.

Sound of the Blue-collared Parrot.

Subspecies

Geoffroyus simplex simplex (Meyer, AB, 1874): The nominal.
Geoffroyus simplex buergersi (Neumann, 1922): It measures each 25 cm in length and has purplish blue collar more extensive. Coverts of the wings with Violet Blue. Females have Violet Blue Underwing.

Habitat:

The species is distributed mainly between humid hills and medium-montane forests., along its edges and areas of secondary growth between 500 and 2.500 meters above sea level, being more frequent among the 800 and 1.900 m. Variations in food supply can lead to birds at elevations lower than normal (even at altitudes near sea level).

The Blue-collared Parrot they are shy and hard to spot when perched in trees. Large flocks of birds, of up 200 specimens, can be seen and heard flying above the treetops.

The species tends to form large groups with the Red-checked Parrot, Although sometimes single birds are, in pairs or in small groups.

Reproduction:

Little is known of the breeding ecology. A nest dug with three young was found in mid-January to nine metres in height, close to the top of a stump. The entrance was of 80 mm in diameter, and the gap between 200 mm and 400 mm deep. Nesting is also reported in October.

Food:

The Parrot Acollarado quietly feed in the canopy of seeds, fruit, berries and nectar. They are particularly fond of the seeds of (Castanopis and Oaks Lithocarpus).

Distribution:

New Guinea, Indonesian and Papua New Guinea, with an isolated population in the Doberai Peninsula, from Tamrau to Mountains Parotia. The main population is distributed through the central highlands, absent from the higher central areas, But coming to the Owen Stanley mountain range at the end of this. generally common, but the difficulty of detection makes these less abundant parecezcan birds.

Distribution of the subspecies:

Geoffroyus simplex simplex (Meyer, AB, 1874): The nominal.
Geoffroyus simplex buergersi (Neumann, 1922): Mountains of New Guinea, except Península Bird's Head.

Conservation:

• Current IUCN Red List category: Least concern.

•Population trend: Stable.

The size of the world's population has not been quantified, Although estimated at more of 50.000 specimens. The species, according to sources, is generally rather rare to fairly common (pit et to the. 1997).

The population is suspected to be stable in the absence of evidence of any reduction or substantial threats.

"Blue-collared Parrot" in captivity:

Rare.

Alternative names:

– Blue-collared Parrot, Blue collared Parrot, Lilac-Collared Parrot, Simple Parrot (ingles).
– Perruche à col bleu, Eclectus à col bleu, Éclectus à col bleu (French).
– Blauhalspapagei (German).
– Geoffroyus simplex (Portuguese).
– Lorito Acollarado, Lorito Acollorado, Lorito de Collar (español).

scientific classification:

– Order: Psittaciformes
– Family: Psittaculidae
– Genus: Geoffroyus
– Scientific name: Geoffroyus simplex
– Citation: (Meyer,AB, 1874)
– Protonimo: Pionias simplex

Images "Blue-collared Parrot"

————————————————————————————————

«Lorito acollado» (Geoffroyus simplex)

Sources:

– Avibase
– Parrots of the World – Forshaw Joseph M
– Parrots A Guide to the Parrots of the World – Tony Juniper & Mike Parr
– Birdlife

– Sounds: Phil Gregory (Xeno-canto)

▷ The world of Pets: Dogs, cats, birds, reptiles, amphibians

Layard's Parakeet
Psittacula calthrapae

Origin: Sri Lanka

Character: shy

Life expectancy: Of 25 to 30 years.

Height: 29 cm..

Content

Description:

29 cm., including its tail up 13 cm.. and 100 g. of weight.
The adult male of the (Psittacula calthrapae) Layard's Parakeet has the head and back bluish grey, separated by a neck green. There is a wide swath in the chin of black color and tail It is blue with a yellow tip. Upper bill the male is red, and the bill bottom is brown.

The female es similar, but has the bill top in black, and dark green stripe on the cheek. Lack the band pink in nape and the neck is greenish yellow. They have the blue tint in the rear of the head if you can see in males. Feathers middle of the tail You are washed with blue.

The immature they are like the females, but with feathers tail shorter, with a plumage mainly green and bill dark red.

Sound of the Layard's Parakeet.

Habitat:

Their preferred habitats are forested areas 1.600 meters above sea level, although registered at altitudes 2.000 m, taking advantage of a wide variety of vegetation types including natural and semi-natural moist forests, tea plantation and botanical gardens; often at the edge of the woods, generally in small groups or couples.

Sedentary, especially in mountain areas, but extending over the lowlands, especially in humid forests near sea level.

after feeding, the Layard's Parakeet congregate in trees chattering loud and persistent. Before break, roam issuing strong calls.

Reproduction:

The time of reproduction It is around January to May, with a high season from July to September.

The eggs They are deposited in a natural cavity or disused nest Woody Woodpecker or a bearded, usually at the top of a tree. Competition for nest sites is often intense, especially with Plum-headed Parakeet. The cavity is lined with rotting wood and dust. Two to four white eggs make commissioning. Both sexes share duties incubation and feed on young.

Food:

Diet Layard's Parakeet It is believed to be similar to the Rose-ringed Parakeet and Plum-headed Parakeet, although their arboreal habits make them more frugivores and less destructive to crops.

Registered with the company Brahminy Starling (Sturnia pagodarum) feeding fruit Map peltata (Macaranga tomentosa). Favorite foods include figs and fruit of wild cinnamon (Cinnamomum).

Distribution:

Size of the area of distribution (reproduction / resident): 18.900 km2

The Layard's Parakeet It is endemic in south-central and south-west Sri Lanka. In Provincia Central, North of Matale through highlands around south and west Kandy in Western Province and Sabaragamuwa to the North of On Provincia.

They are distributed also in the east, around the Gal Oya National Park and to the South, in Uva Province, until Haputale. A record of 1880 a bird against Eastern Province. Registration, unconfirmed, in the Maldives It is believed to come from leaks.

According to sources, abundant in the 19th century and apparently still numerous in some areas, but declining due to habitat loss arising, for example, conversion of natural and semi-natural forests and plantations capture for trade.

Conservation:

State of conservation ⓘ
Minor Concern ⓘ (UICN)ⓘ

• Current Red List of UICN: Least concern

• Population trend: Decreasing

The Psittacula calthrapae (del Hoyo and necklace 2014) It was previously listed as Psittacula calthropae.

The size of the world's population has not been quantified, but the species is reported as locally common (pit et to the. 1997).

The population is suspected of being in decline due to ongoing habitat destruction.

"Layard's Parakeet" in captivity:

Rare captive out of their range.

Alternative names:

– Layard’s Parakeet, Emerald-collared Parakeet (English).
– Perruche de Layard (French).
– Blauschwanzsittich (German).
– Periquito-de-colarinho-verde (Portuguese).
– Cotorra de Ceilán (español).

scientific classification:

– Order: Psittaciformes
– Family: Psittaculidae
– Genus: Psittacula
– Scientific name: Psittacula calthrapae
– Citation: (Blyth, 1849)
– Protonimo: Palaeornis Calthrapae

Layard's Parakeet Images:

Videos "Layard's Parakeet"

Parrots in the world

Psittaciformes (Psittaciformes) from America

Psittaciformes (Psittaciformes) Oceanian

Psittaciformes (Psittaciformes) from Asia

Psittaciformes (Psittaciformes) from Africa

Psittaciformes (Psittaciformes) of the world

Especies del género Psittacula

Psittacula finschii

Psittacula himalayana

Psittacula roseata

—- Psittacula roseata juneae

—- Psittacula roseata roseata

Psittacula cyanocephala

Psittacula alexandri

—- Psittacula alexandri abbotti

—- Psittacula alexandri alexandri

—- Psittacula alexandri cala

—- Psittacula alexandri dammermani

—- Psittacula alexandri fasciata

—- Psittacula alexandri kangeanensis

—- Psittacula alexandri major

—- Psittacula alexandri perionca

Psittacula derbiana

Psittacula longicauda

—- Psittacula longicauda defontainei

—- Psittacula longicauda longicauda

—- Psittacula longicauda modesta

—- Psittacula longicauda nicobarica

—- Psittacula longicauda tytleri

Psittacula columboides

Psittacula calthrapae

Psittacula eupatria

—- Psittacula eupatria Avensis

—- Psittacula eupatria eupatria

—- Psittacula eupatria magnirostris

—- Psittacula eupatria nipalensis

—- Psittacula eupatria siamensis

Parrots wardi

Psittacula krameri

—- Psittacula krameri borealis

—- Psittacula krameri krameri

—- Psittacula krameri manillensis

—- Psittacula krameri parvirostris

Psittacula eques

—- Parrot knight knight†

—- Psittacula eques echo

Parrots

Psittacula caniceps

Layard's Parakeet (Psittacula calthrapae)

Sources:

– Avibase
– Parrots of the World – Forshaw Joseph M
– Parrots A Guide to the Parrots of the World – Tony Juniper & Mike Parr
– Birdlife

– Photos:

(1) – Layard’s Parakeet eating fruit in Sri Lanka. Its beak is not fully black, so it is probably a sub-adult female By Hafiz Issadeen (originally posted to Flickr as Layard’s Parakeet) [CC BY 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
(2) – [BirdPhotoIndia] Layard’s parakeet, Sri Lanka – Indian Birds Photography
(3) – Photo by Steve G near Sinharaja, Sri Lanka, July 28, 2009 – Bird Forum
(4) – An adult of Layard’s Parakeet – World-Birds
(5) – Layard’s Parakeet Psittacula calthropae – Starron Bird and Wildlife
(6) – John Gerrard Keulemans [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons

– Sounds: David Farrow (Xeno-canto)

Content

Description

Description 4 supespecies

Probosciger aterrimus aterrimus

Probosciger aterrimus goliath

Probosciger aterrimus macgillivrayi

Probosciger aterrimus stenolophus

Habitat:

Reproduction:

Food:

Distribution:

Distribution 4 subspecies:

Probosciger aterrimus aterrimus

Probosciger aterrimus goliath

Probosciger aterrimus macgillivrayi

Probosciger aterrimus stenolophus

Conservation:

State of conservation ⓘ

"Palm cockatoo" in captivity:

Alternative names:

scientific classification:

Images of the Black Cockatoo:

Content

Description

Subspecies description

Psittaculirostris Psittaculirostris desmarestii

Psittaculirostris desmarestii blythii

Psittaculirostris desmarestii occidentalis

Psittaculirostris desmarestii intermedius

Psittaculirostris desmarestii godmani

Psittaculirostris desmarestii cervicalis

Habitat:

Reproduction:

Food:

Distribution:

Subspecies distribution

Psittaculirostris desmarestii desmarestii

Psittaculirostris desmarestii blythii

Psittaculirostris desmarestii occidentalis

Psittaculirostris desmarestii intermedius

Psittaculirostris desmarestii godmani

Psittaculirostris desmarestii cervicalis

Conservation:

"Large Fig Parrot" in captivity:

Alternative names:

scientific classification:

Images "Lorito de Desmarest":

Videos "Large Fig Parrot"

"Lorito of Desmarest" (Psittaculirostris desmarestii)

Content

Description:

Subspecies description:

Habitat:

Reproduction:

Food:

Distribution:

Distribution Subspecies:

Conservation:

"Brown-headed Parrot" in captivity:

Alternative names:

scientific classification:

Images "Lorito Caecipardo»:

Videos "Brown-headed Parrot"

“Lorito Caecipardo» (Poicephalus cryptoxanthus)

Content

Description:

Habitat:

Video "Red-necked Parrot"

Reproduction:

Food:

Distribution and status:

Conservation:

State of conservation ⓘ

Red-necked Parrot in captivity:

Alternative names:

scientific classification:

Images Red-necked Parrot:

Content

Description

Subspecies description