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Aidi – Atlas Mountain Dog
Marruecos FCI 247 - Molossoid . Mountain

aidi

The Aidi is highly energetic, protective and extremely vigilant. Despite its resemblance to Sheepdogs, The Aidi is not one of them because there are no sheepdogs from the Atlas.

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Spanish Alano
España Not recognized by the FCI . (Molossoid, Bloodhound)

Alano español

The Spanish Alano it is a breed endorsed mainly for its enormous bravery

Content

History «Spanish Alan»

Breed of gripping or prey dog ​​of very ancient origins. Medium in size and considered to be breed of Spain. When mixed other races are created as the Bull Dog in Spain, the alano of vautre (grip) in France, the Old bulldog in England, the extinct Bullenbeisser in Germany, or own Dogo Argentino.

Molosser light dam and corridor. The traditional functionality It is the handling of cattle bravo and semibravo, Iberian trunk, in extensive regime. Big game hunting was also used., as tooth dog for holding deer and wild boar. Its modern implementation is care and defence, as well as for guarding livestock against any type of predator.

Some authors consider Spanish Alano desciendiente the old dog named Alaunt, Alans used by both war and for handling cattle.

The existence of Alans dogs Spain dates back several centuries ago, Although it is not very clear what its origin was. Some believe that this race was extended by moloso Europe by the alano in the fourth century and was taken to the Iberian Peninsula and to the north africa by the hooligans.

In 1350 publishes the rey Alfonso XI their «Book of Montería». In the fifteenth century it is published «Treaty of Montería», anonymous, which performs a deep somatic description of the dog.

When he is talking about perro Dane everyone knew that it was a running dam that to justify its name had to meet certain features:

With strong head, of longilinear proportions, high rump and good bones. Also your character It was clearly defined by its function gripping dog. "not taking for hunger or reward, but by right nature that God gave him." (we call it today prey).

Videos "Spanish Alano"

Of which there is no doubt is that these dogs were very extended, as evidenced by his appearance in paintings. There is a alano that plasma Velazquez in the hole hunt, which it is in the National Gallery de Londres, those of Goya in his Capturing a bull or those of an engraving of the French romantic Blanchard. They are also appointed by Cervantes and Lope de Vega Alans of Thirds.

It is believed, according to the most probable hypothesis, they reached the Iberian Peninsula, accompanying the Alano people, shortly after the fall of Roman empire, about him V century. The alano used primarily for war, hunting and ranching, They were robust and primitive specimens. Later, his unbeatable psychophysical qualities (robustness, bravery and loyalty) They make the Alano play a remarkable role as a member of the Spanish armies, especially during the conquest of the Americas.

The first written references to the Alano They appear in the Medievo, Hand Gonzalo de Berceo, in 1247.

More complete data can be found in 1347, in the book of the hunt, gift Alfonso XI "The Justice". Other mentions of importance on Alano, worthy of mention occurs in Utrera in 1603, by Fray Francisco de Tamayo.

In the conquest of New world dogs played a key role, animal unknown to the natives. These, coupled with the horses, armor and arquebuses contributed to the victory.
They were the terror of the natives, thus the stories of the time did not spare impressive descriptions such as the following:

The Friar Bernardino de Sahagun refers to testimonies of Indians attacked by "huge dogs, with ears cut, fierce yellow eyes Bloodshot, huge mouths, hanging languages and teeth in the form of knives, wild as the devil and spotted like jaguars¨. The description has an inevitable tone of admiration and fear; let us not forget that in pre-Columbian times (before the arrival of the conquistadors) the Indians had dogs of small size and small body. In this way, the indigenous called the dogs of the Spaniards "a diabolical invention.

Bartholomew Columbus and Fontanarossa, brother of the discoverer and Adelantado and governor of Hispaniola, they say the Chronicles employed 200 men, 20 horses and 20 Alans, It was the "debut" of the Alans in the Conquest of America.

The Spanish Alano It is supported primarily by its huge courage, with special mention when dealing with wild pig, disregarding even his own life. Its functions have changed little during these centuries. War Dog, livestock (especially for the beef and veal), big game hunting and nursery. It is in the eighteenth century when they appear the first written evidence of Spanish Alano, on their participation in the bravo bull party.

His qualities will cross the Spanish borders, becoming very significant exports, both American continent as to countries of Europe as France, England or Germany in order to improve their own races, especially the Bulldog and the Dogue de Bordeaux. even the international press echoes its characteristics, as happened in 1873, in the british press, where a Spanish prey specimen is described in detail (Alano), called Toro and says so: «…fighting holds his opponent only by the head, is silent and immune to pain…».

At the end of the 19th century or the beginning of the 20th, begins the decline of the alano, motivated by multiple factors:

Exclusion of hosts, Changes in the tradition of hunting and livestock activity, definitive exclusion from the Festival of the bull and custom. This resulted in the gradual replacement of alano other imported breeds, in most of the times, in an unjustified way. Years later, you get even speculate about the possible disappearance of alano, since his last public appearance took place in Madrid, in the year 1963 (exhibition at the Retiro Park).

But they weren't gone, some population gaps remained in certain marginal areas, difficult to access, as are certain mountains Cantabria, Basque Country, Burgos and Salamanca. These remnants of the population managed to survive thanks to its functional qualities, as for the farmers and hunters in the area, outside all fashion and with an enviable sense of practicality, there was simply no better animal for such tasks than the Spanish Alano.

Physical characteristics «Spanish Alano»

Today, and thanks to the excellent recovery work of some professionals and public bodies, the Spanish Alano practically, remains unchanged, It's a medium dog of prey, strong, agile and very serious. Specially equipped for the handling of cattle, for hunting and for custody.

Little barking by nature, very resistant to pain and disease, he is usually suspicious and distrustful of strangers and submissive and very affectionate with his owner and family.

AlanoBouCorsoDogo CanarioSpanish MastiffBullmastiff
Height60,5 cm.56,5 cm.66 cm.63 cm.59,5 cm.60,5 cm.
Weight35 kg36,5 kg47,5 kg58 kg47,5 kg59 kg
EyescleardarkdarkdarkEntire rangedark
Lines c/fParallelParallelLig.convergParallelLig.converg
Snout36%33% 33% 40% 30%

Character and aptitudes Alano

The Alano is an animal slow in their development, reaching maturity, physical and mental, about two years. From that moment you will find a powerful animal, determined and very noble. As it's a dog selected primarily by their willingness to work, there is a certain variety of “types”, from the lighter Alans, gifted for hunting, even the heaviest, suitable for grazing and save (cattle lines or old bulldog).

Perhaps in recent times less attention is being paid to the latter, in favor of the most appropriate lines for hunting. Perhaps the lovers of this type of alano (Bull Dog), have to consider its viability as a separate race.

In 1880 the fate of “dogs the bull” and for this reason the bullrings stopped keeping dogs.

On the other hand, by ceasing to practice "round hunting", the montería is organized in a different way so that it is no longer interesting that the cattle fall grabbed by the dogs, but that they arrive at the posts where the huntsman is stationed, who is who pays the entertainment. Due to these circumstances, the Rehalas got rid of the Alans who had.

In the old days a dog was useful if it carried out some task. The Spanish Alano “stopped having a job” after the selection of more docile cattle breeds, thus this race regresses at breakneck speed until it reaches extinction.

«Spanish Alan» images

“Spanish Alano” videos

Spanish Alano of Darkness

Type and recognitions:

  • Molossoid, Bloodhound
  • Federations: Recognized in 2004 as a breed by the RSCE​ (Royal Canine Society of Spain)

Alternative names

1. Spanish Alaunt, Spanish Bulldog, Spanish Alano, Alano (English).
2. Alano espagnol (French).
3. Alano español (German).
4. Alano espanhol, Buldogue espanhol, Alão espanhol (Portuguese).
5. Alano español, Bulldog Español (español).

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Pyrenean Mastiff
España FCI 92 - Molossoid . Mountain

Mastín del Pirineo

The Pyrenean Mastiff he is very tolerant and sweet with children, Watch them as if they were his flock.

Content

History

The Pyrenean Mastiff is a trotting dog breed, originally from the Aragonese Pyrenees (Spain). By its large size and strength the FCI included it within the Group 2 / Section 2 – molosoids and mountain dogs.

It comes, as all molosoides, Asian dog who came to Europe centuries ago. The first breed standard, It was approved only in the year 1946, since to date the breed had been totally ignored by the official dog world, even though the Pyrenean Mastiff, it had been from its first dawn a very important breed for local development, given that for centuries was used to defend livestock from the attack of bears and wolves.

For a long time the Pyrenean mastiff accompanied flocks of sheep on their transhumance routes from the Aragonese and Navarrese Pyrenees to the Maestrazgo. Its main function was the keep herds and their masters from attacks by wolves and thieves.

During the 20th century and especially after the Spanish civil war, due to economic difficulties, the Mastiff went into decline as it was very expensive to keep a dog of its size.

Over the years 70 a group of fans began a work to recover the breed through the few specimens that were in the field and that still had typical characteristics of the old Molossian.

In the year 1977 created the Spanish Pyrenean Mastiff Club, which organizes the selection and breeding program of the breed. Currently the breed has great international recognition as evidenced by the existence of clubs in many European countries and in the United States..

Physical characteristics

The Pyrenean Mastiff is a large size dog, well proportioned, powerful, muscular and skeletal structure compact. Its head is large, strong and slightly long, with a cráneo-hocico relationship of 5:4.

It has eyes small, almond-shaped, ranging from color avellana to dark brown (what is the most common). The ears are triangular, medium-sized and hanging attached to the head.

The tail is thick at the base, strong, flexible and hangs until the Hock.

Regard to the size, In fact, there is no maximum limit because the idea is that the specimens are as large as possible. But according to the standard, yes, there are some minimums that cannot be lowered. according to standard, years. At that time, the minimums are 77 cm for males (Although it is preferable that they be above the 81 cm.) and 72 cm for the Herms (Although it is preferable that they exceed the 75 cm.).

The the mantle of the Pyrenean Mastiff is thick and quite long (of 6 to 9 cm length). Being longer on the shoulders, the neck and belly. It is hair must be rough to the touch, not soft and woolly.

The color base is white, with a well-defined mask. Some examples are brands of the same color as the mask, irregularly shaped but with sharp contours.

Favorite colors (according to standard) for the mask, and stains are soft grey, intense Golden Fawn, Brown, black and grey silver.

The the tail and distal parts of the legs They must be always white.

Observations

It is a breed that is still in the reconstruction phase and on the recommendation of the Club del Pyrenean Mastiff from Spain, not yet been included in the show ring, because he is expected to make the media playback smoother.

Character and skills

Although at the beginning of their walks among us, the Pyrenean Mastiff was used as a guardian of livestock, the time change and animals over time, so today he is a perfect house keeper.

It is a dog aware of its strength and power, reason why never shows aggressiveness, But if you feel threatened, He or his family can be really fearsome.

Let's not forget that it protected livestock from wolves and bears...

Despite the passage of time, The Pyrenean Mastiff preserves its "rusticity" in full form and this means that it does not adapt well to life outside its natural environment, which is the countryside and its tenants..

For that reason, If we decide to integrate a Pyrenean Mastiff into our family, it will be important comply with it as it is, without imposing conditions of life that cercenen your happiness, how would it be… life in a small apartment in the middle of the city. That would play against your emotional balance, and with the size that has this dog, Perhaps the best is to have it happy and balanced (that all animal).

Something characteristic of the Pyrenean Mastiff is that wherever he is with children he is always sweet and very tolerant.. Because the converted part of his flock and the cares much.

He is also super careful with them, because as we said above, he is aware of his strength and might.

Images of the Pyrenean Mastiff

Videos of the Pyrenean Mastiff

Type and recognitions:

  • FCI CLASSIFICATION:
  • Group :
  • Section : . .

Federations:

  • FCI – Pinscher and Schnauzer-Molossoid type dogs – Swiss Mountain Dogs and Cattledogs. Section 2.2 Molossoid, mountain type.
  • AKC – Dogs working
  • ​KC – Working dogs
  • UKC – Watchdog

FCI breed standard "Pyrenean Mastiff"

Origin:
Spain

Date of publication of the valid original standard:
26.05.1982

Use:

Nursery and defense. In the past it was used as a defense against vermin, especially the wolf and the bear. Currently fulfills perfectly the task of guardian of estates and people, being very receptive to training.



General appearance:

It is a dog of great height, hypermetric and of medium proportions. Well proportioned, extremely powerful and muscular. compact skeleton. Discreetly long hair. Despite its enormous size it should not be clumsy or lymphatic.



IMPORTANT PROPORTIONS:

Media structure. Proportional and harmonious in all circumstances.

  • Body length slightly greater than the height at the withers.
  • The relationship between the length of the skull and the muzzle should be 5/4.
  • The width of the skull should be equal to or slightly greater than its length.
  • The relationship between the raised to the cross and the chest perimeter must be approximately 7/10.


Behavior / temperament:

Loving, tame, noble and particularly intelligent, he is both brave and fierce in front of strangers, to whom he never backs down In his relationships with other dogs he is benevolent, aware of its unique power. The case is revealed in the fight, denoting the patterns of behavior acquired after centuries of fighting the wolf. His bark is deep and deep and his expression is awake.

Head:

Grand, strong and moderately long. The relationship between the length of the skull and that of the muzzle should be 5/4. Cranio lines- moderately divergent facials, prone to parallelism. The skull-face set seen from above must be long and uniform, without a very marked difference in width between the base of the snout and the temples. Seen from the side it must be deep, not hosted.

Cranial region:
  • Skull : Width, strong, sub-convex profile. The width of the skull should be equal to or slightly greater than its length. Marked occipital Crest.
  • Depression links (Stop): Soft, little sharp, but defined.

facial region:

  • Truffle: black, wet, big and wide.
  • Snout: Straight profile. Seen from above it appears discreetly triangular, wide at birth, gradually decreasing towards the truffle but without being pointed.
  • Lips: The upper one should cover the lower one well but without sagging. The lower one forms marada lip commissure. The mucous membranes must be black.

    Jaws / Teeth: Scissor bite. White teeth, strong and healthy. Big fangs, long, sharp and well crossed for prey. Very dimensioned and powerful molars. Rather small incisors. All premolars exist. Black palate, very marked stretch marks.

  • Eyes: Small, macaroons, Hazelnut coloured, preferably dark. With a watchful eye, noble, friendly and intelligent, but of extraordinary severity before an adversary. The eyelids are pigmented in black and preferably attached to the eyeball with the animal in attention. It is typical a faint relaxation of the lower eyelid that shows a discreet conjunctiva portion when the dog is at rest.
  • Ears : Mediums and falls, form triangular, plan, inserted above the eye line. At rest falling and attached to the cheeks. At attention clearly separated from the face and partially erect in its third-posterior. They should not be amputated.

Neck:

Truncated cone, width, strong, muscular and flexible. Thick and somewhat detached skin. Double gill well defined but not excessively abundant.

Body:

Rectangular. Very strong and robust, denoting great power but flexible and agile.

  • top line: Straight, horizontal, even on the move.
  • Cross: Well marked. Back: Powerful, musculada.
  • Pork loin: Long, wide and powerful; narrows as it reaches the ijar.
  • Rump: Wide and strong. Its inclination is about 45° in relation to the horizontal.. Elevation to the rump equal to the elevation to the cross.
  • Breast : Width, deep, muscular and powerful. The tip of the sternum marked. Ribs with wide intercostal spaces and rounded, not flat. The relationship raised to the chest cross/perimeter must be approximately 7/10.
  • Belly and flanks: Belly moderately tucked up; lowered flanks and very broad flanks.

Tail:

Thick born, middle insertion. Strong, flexible and heavily populated with decidedly long and soft hair, forming a showy plume. At rest, his bearing is rather low, fully reaching the hocks and always angled in its final third. When the animal is moving or excited, it lifts it in a saber, with an obvious thread at the end, but never fully folded or resting on the rump.

Tips

PREVIOUS MEMBERS:

  • As a whole: Perfectly Plumb, viewed from the front straight and parallel, clearly perceiving muscles and tendons. The length of the forearm should be three times that of the metacarpus. Bone strong with powerful metacarpo.
  • Back: Oblique, very muscular. Longer than the forearm. Scapulo-humeral angle close to 100°.
  • Arm: Very powerful.
  • Elbows: Strong and glued to the rib cage. Humero-Radial Angle next 125 °.
  • Forearm: Of strong bones. Straight and powerful.
  • Metacarpus: Seen from the side with little inclination. It is practically the continuation of the forearm.
  • Previous feet: Of cat, Tight toes. Strong phalanges, high and well arched. Robust and hard nails and pads. Moderate interdigital membrane with hair.

LATER MEMBERS:

  • As a whole: Powerful, muscular. Seen from the side proper joints. Seen from the side and back, correct feet. Hocks without deviations. They must be able to easily propel the dog, strength and elegance.
  • Thigh: Strong and muscular. Coxo-femoral angle close to 100°.
  • Knee: FEMORO-TIBIAL ANGULO NEAR 120 °.
  • Leg: Long, muscular and strong-boned.
  • Hock: Open angle, close to 130 °.
  • Metatarsus: Well marked, with clear appreciation of the tendon. Presence or not of spurs that can be single or double, admitting your amputation. With equal merits, the presence of double spurs should be preferred..
  • Hind feet: Of cat, slightly oval. Slightly longer than the front feet.

Movement:

The preferred gait is the jog that must be harmonious, powerful and elegant with no tendency to laterity. Without ambling The preferred gait is the trot that must be harmonious, powerful and elegant with no tendency to laterity. Without ambience.

Mantle

Elastic, thick and pinkish, with darker pigmentations. All mucous membranes must be black.

  • Fur: Bushy, thick and moderately long. The ideal average length set on the center of the upper line is 6 to 9 cm., being longer on the back, the neck, under the belly and behind arms and legs, in addition to the tail plume, whose texture is not as piggy as in the rest of the body. The hair must be piggy, not woolly.
  • Color: Basically white and always with a well-defined mask. Eventually patches of the same color as the mask unevenly distributed throughout the body, but well marked. Ears always stained. Tricolor specimens or whites are not desirable. Always white ends and ends. The mask must be very concrete and the edges of the spots preferably well defined. Hairline should be as clear as possible, being the white ideal. The most appreciated colors are, in order of preference, pure white or snow white with medium gray spots, deep yellow gold, brown, black, grey silver, Light beige, sand, marbled. Red-yellow spots are not desirable for stains or a yellowish-white background.


Size and weight:

There is no maximum limit in size, always being more valuable, equal proportions, the largest specimens.



Height to the cross:

Minimum limits:

  • Males: 77 cm.,
  • females: 72 cm..

However, it is to be hoped that these figures are greatly exceeded. It is considered convenient to exceed the 81 cm males and 75 cm. females.



Fouls:

Any deviation from the aforementioned criteria is considered as a fault and the severity of this is considered to the degree of the deviation to the standard and its consequences on the health and well-being of the dog..



MINOR FAULTS:

  • Muzzle profiles carried without excess.
  • Bite in clamp; absence of any premolar.
  • Distorted and undulating back-lumbar line during march, not in excess.
  • For something wavy; hair that slightly exceeds 9 cm in the upper line.
  • Very slight shyness.

SERIOUS FAULTS:

  • Fragile or lymphatic appearance.
  • Snout pointed or overly blunt.
  • Moderate upper prognathism.
  • Absence of several premolars or canines not due to trauma.
  • Small incisor lace defects.
  • Excessive entropy or ectropion.
  • Amputation in ear.
  • Upper lines.
  • Height at the rump significantly higher than the height at the withers.
  • Tail resting on the rump; tail plumeless; tail not angled at its end; tail docking.
  • Wrong limbs.
  • Metacarpus, metatarsals and weak feet in general.
  • Cow hocks during walking or in season.
  • Lateral braceos during operation.
  • Very wavy or curly hair. Hair length slightly less than 6 cm in the upper line or slightly higher than 11 cm.
  • Discoloration in the ears.
  • General unbalanced character.

FALTAS DESCALIFICANTES:

  • Aggressiveness or extreme shyness.
  • Any dog ​​showing clear signs of physical or behavioral abnormalities must be disqualified..
  • Depigmented truffle and mucosa.
  • Split nose.
  • Excessive undergrowth or undergrowth.
  • Hair length equal to or less than 4 cm or more 13 cm above the upper line.
  • Absence of white color, ends and ends not white.
  • Completely white layer Absence of mask.
  • Diffuse spots that do not stand out from the background and indicate interbreeding.


N.B.:

Males should have two normal-appearing testicles fully descended into the scrotum..
Only functionally and clinically healthy dogs, with the typical conformation of the breed, should be used for parenting.

Source: F.C.I - International Cynological Federation

Alternative names:

1. Mostín d’o Pireneu, Mostín, Mostín d’Aragón, Mastí dell’Aragó, Gos ramader, Mastín Español del Pirineo (English).
2. Mastín del Pirineo (French).
3. Mastín del Pirineo (German).
4. Mastin d’Argon, Mastín del Pirineo (Portuguese).
5. Mastín del Pirineo (español).

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Bullmastiff
Gran Bretaña FCI 157 - Molossoid - Dogo

Although affectionate and sweet nature, the Bullmastiff he's a great watchdog with a mind of his own.

Bullmastiff

Content

Characteristics "Bullmastiff"

Coexistence is important that you have with your new friend. Before considering the acquisition of a dog of the breed "Bullmastiff" you know certain factors. Not all breeds of dogs are apt to live in an apartment, you must take into account his character, their need for exercise, their interaction with other pets, their care and if you have small children, their level of tolerance towards them.

Adaptation ⓘ

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

friendly dog ​​ⓘ

1,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

hair loss ⓘ

4,0 of 5 stars (based on 30 reviews)

Affection level ⓘ

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Need for exercise ⓘ

2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Social need ⓘ

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Home ⓘ

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Toilet ⓘ

2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Friendly with strangers ⓘ

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

barking ⓘ

2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Health ⓘ

5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Territorial ⓘ

5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Cat friendly ⓘ

1,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Intelligence ⓘ

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Versatility ⓘ

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Child friendly ⓘ

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Surveillance ⓘ

2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

joy ⓘ

5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

History

The Bullmastiff It is a British breed of dog, as believed, comes from the crossing between races English mastiff and Bulldog.
The race originated official in Britain at the end of the 19th century and the first standard (description of the set of racial characteristics) data of 1924, date on which was adopted by the British Kennel Club. Subsequently, the American Kennel Club, the Canadian Kennel Club, the Kennel Club Sheiko, the Australian Kennel Club and the Federation Cynologique Europèene itself drafted other standards, similar in concept, although, some of them show some differences.

In the past, the Bullmastiff It was used in England as guardian of the large private landowners hunting grounds, in order to pursue and apprehend poachers; the dog Peiki developed its activity of harassment and demolition pushing the thieves with the weight of his body and throwing them on top, to immobilize them, without using his powerful mouth. The reason why the attack of this dog materialized in the use of bodily force but not in the bite was given by the Forest Laws that have prevailed since the 12th century in England..

It should be said that even when the breed is officially defined as originating in the United Kingdom, the truth is that long before its adoption as such race by part of the Kennel Club and the making of his racial standard (that has changed very little since its adoption in the year 1924), the truth is that in the Iberian Peninsula there were specimens of similar morphology, as evidenced by engravings by Goya (c.1800) and, even more so the oil of great proportions, titled «Patio of horses of the old square of Madrid, "before the run", Manuel Castellanos, dating of 1853 and that it portrays two dogs that well could pass through Bullmastiff modern.

In fact, much earlier, There were already "Bull Dogs" in the Iberian Peninsula that were highly appreciated for their bravery and power.; so much so that Catherine of Aragon herself, When he travelled to England to marry Henry VIII took, as part of his regalia, several of these animals to be used beyond, hobby that became very fashionable then and that continued to be highly appreciated in the times of Elizabeth I and Mary Stuart.

Physical characteristics

Aspect imposing and eminently deterrent, the Bullmastiff is an animal's good bones, chest wide and deep and powerful back. His head, square viewed from any angle, with ears darker than the mantle and preferably black color v, on which dominates a nose medium length and width, covered with a black mask that extends towards and around the eyes which have to be equally dark (preferably color hazelnut, Brown, dark brown or black, never yellow or amber), intense and deep look, is its main and most characteristic hallmark. Short hair, his cloak can be Griffon, covering all shades from sand to liver red, or striped.

the typical male, when it reaches its full physical development, for the three and a half years of age, comes to measure between 63,5 and 68,5 cm to the cross with a weight between 49,5 and 59,5 kg. The adult female, completed eighteen months, usually weigh in 41 to 49,5 kg and measured between 61 and 66 cm..

Observations

Cleaning and maintenance of a Bullmastiff is simple, because it is a short hair dog, with an annual moult in spring. A session of vigorous brushing hair and against the grain, three times in a week will be enough to keep your hair clean and bright and prevent body odor. The baths, alter the pH of the skin are fully desaconsejados and if you ever needed to bathe him, it is essential to do it with neutral pH shampoo and warm water, abundantly clarified to remove all SOAP residue and then drying thoroughly throughout the body.

Character and skills

still today, its form of attack and defense is characteristic, and it is very much appreciated, because well measured its strength and never attacks to draw blood. And it is this trait that distinguishes it from other trotting breeds that are much more easily and prompt in the bite, inferring great damage to their prey, whether other dogs, other animals or people.

It is essential that the exercise is very controlled during the critical stage of growth (until the 15-16 months males and the 10 months females), to prevent musculoskeletal problems in adults. For this reason you must avoid overweight in the puppy.

Training in attack is totally discouraged.

Smart guardian, discreet, effective and with great capacity of discrimination, is little barking, very home, and only moderately active, so it adapts perfectly to the floor and city life.

Unlike other trotting races, It is characterized by accepting orders imposed all the members of the House, even the little ones and not be "one-owner dog", which facilitates its coexistence with the family.

Did you know??

Although affectionate and sweet nature, The Bullmastiff is a great guard dog with mind of its own. Assertive need an experienced owner and. The Bullmastiffs can be willful and is not likely to be put off once they wake.

Bullmastiff Education

What is important is loving but consistent parenting from day one. A dog school with puppy training and further development are very important for Bullmastiffs in socialization. Especially if you are kept as a single dog. All environmental situations should be practiced with him at first so that he can handle them later with confidence.. The Bullmastiff can be well motivated with his voice and can train with goodies. Once you have internalized a command, will be happy to do it.

Bullmastiff Care and Health

The Bullmastiff's coat is short and thick. A pimple glove is ideal for removing loose hair and an appropriate brush is suitable for grooming the coat. Ears should be checked regularly. It is also important to check regularly for ticks, fleas and other parasites. After each ride, clean the dog. If you find a tick that has already bitten your dog, you can remove it with tick tweezers. If you don't dare to do this, you should go to the vet. If the dog often shakes its head or tries to scratch with its paw, a walk to the vet is recommended.

Breed-specific diseases

The Bullmastiff belongs to the heavy dog ​​breeds. Hip joint dysplasia is a typical disease of this breed. The so-called rolling songs (ectropión/entropión) can also occur, bitches can suffer from tumors of the mammary gland. Tears of the cruciate ligaments can occur if they occur too early and too much stress on the puppy / young dog's age.

Nutrition / Food

The Bullmastiff is an "omnivore" and eats any type of food. Unfortunately also what you find outside. Otherwise, is satisfied with dry food or BARF and tasty extras in the bowl. These include cottage cheese, eggs and noodles.

Bullmastiff life expectancy

Bullmastiff life expectancies vary.. As long as the Bullmastiff is healthy and is maintained and treated accordingly, has a high life expectancy of 10 years or more.

Buy a Bullmastiff

A Bullmastiff's decision should be long and well considered. Serious breeders can be found through the FCI (Federation Cynologique intenationale). It is advisable to contact several breeders and organize a visit. A serious breeder will accept a visit to himself and his dogs. He will answer any questions that may arise and will have all the documents available for inspection.. So both parties have the chance to get to know each other and exchange information and get a picture of the upbringing of dogs and puppies.. A responsible breeder will continue to accompany and support their puppies and their families..

Once you have decided on a breeder and all questions have been clarified to your satisfaction, nothing stands in the way of a new family member moving out.

Bullmastiff pictures

bullmastiff videos

Type and recognitions:

  • FCI CLASSIFICATION:
  • Group :
  • Section : . .

Federations:

FCI , AKC , ANKC , CKC , ​KC , NZKC , UKC

FCI breed standard "Bullmastiff"

Origin:
United Kingdom

Date of publication of the valid original standard:
13.10.2010

Use:

guard dog



General appearance:

Powerful and symmetrical in construction. Show great strength, although its appearance is not heavy. It is a robust and active dog.



Behavior / temperament:

Is spirited, alert and faithful. It is strong, Active, reliable and heavy duty.

Head:

---

Cranial region:
  • Skull: Viewed from any angle, the skull is wide and square. They can be observed many folds when the dog shows interest, but not when it is at rest. Wide and deep.
  • Depression links (Stop): Pronounced.

facial region:

  • Truffle: Wide; the Windows are wide open. Chata; the profile being or pointed, or raised.
  • Snout: Well open nostrils. Is short. The distance from the tip of the nose to the naso-frontal depression corresponds to approximately one third of the length from the tip of the nose to the center of the occiput. Width is below the eyes and maintains approximately the same amplitude to the tip of the nose. It is obtuse and square, forming a right angle to the top line of the face, and at the same time proportionate to the skull.
  • Lips: They are not hanging, and never below the lower jaw.
  • Jaws / Teeth: Lower jaw wide to its end. Level (Bite in clamp, edge to edge) desired, a slight lower prognathism is accepted without preference. The canines are large and well separated. Other teeth are strong and well applied on a regular basis.
  • Cheeks: The cheeks are bulky.
  • Eyes: Dark or hazelnut, medium-sized. They are separated by the amplitude of the snout, It presents a slight median furrow. Clear or yellow eyes are extremely undesirable.
  • Ears: They are v-shaped, they are set high and folded; they are well separated at the level of the back of the head, thus imparting to the skull a square appearance, which is very important. The ears are small and of a color darker than the rest of the body. When is the dog alert, the tips of the ears are at the same level of eyes. They do not accept the ears in pink.

Neck:

Well arched, not very long and well muscled; its circumference is almost equal to skull.

Body:

  • Back: Short and straight, providing a compact look, but not so much as to interfere with movement. Does not accept the back concave or convex.
  • Pork loin: Wide and muscled; flanks are quite deep.
  • Breast : Wide and deep, well descended between the forelimbs. Deep sill.

Tail:

High implementation. It is strong at the base and gradually decreases until the tip, reaching the Hock. It is straight or bent, but without “hound” type. The crooked tail is very undesirable.

Tips

PREVIOUS MEMBERS:

  • General appearance: Front view separate presenting a right front.
  • Shoulder: Inclined, strong, muscular, Although not overloaded.
  • Metacarpus: Straight and strong.
  • Previous feet: Well arched. Cat foot with rounded toes and hard pads. Desirable dark nails. Crushed toes are very undesirable.

LATER MEMBERS:

  • General appearance: Strong and muscular.
  • Leg: It is well developed, denoting strength and activity.
  • Hocks: Moderately angled. Cow hocks are a serious misconduct.
  • Hind feet: Well arched. Cat foot with rounded toes and hard pads. Desirable dark nails. Crushed toes are very undesirable.

Movement:

Denotes strength and determination. When they move in a straight line, or front members, or hind limbs must be crossed or bending. The right forelimb and hind limb left should stand up and support at the same time. The vigorous push of the hind limbs does not alter the firmness of the back line, thus denoting a harmonious and balanced movement.

Mantle

  • Fur: It is short and hard to the touch. It protects the animal from the climatic conditions. It is smooth and close to the body. Long hair, woolly or silky is very undesirable.

COLOR: Any shade of Brindle, Fawn or red; the color should be pure and clear. Accepts a slight white mark on the chest, but other white markings are undesirable. Black Mask is essential, harmoniously joining the black markings around the eyes that contribute to the expression.



Size and weight:

Height to the cross :

  • Males: 64 – 69 cm..
  • females: 61 66 cm..

Weight:

  • Males: 50 – 59 kg
  • females: 41 – 50 kg


Fouls:

Any deviation from the aforementioned criteria is considered as a fault and the severity of this is considered to the degree of the deviation to the standard and its consequences on the health and well-being of the dog..



FALTAS DESCALIFICANTES:

  • Aggressive or fearful dog.
  • Any dog ​​showing clear signs of physical or behavioral abnormalities must be disqualified..


N.B.:

Males should have two normal-appearing testicles fully descended into the scrotum..



TRANSLATION : Brígida Nestler / Original version : (IN)
Technical supervision : Miguel Angel Martinez

Source: F.C.I - International Cynological Federation

Alternative names:

1. Bullmastiff (English).
2. bull mastiff (French).
3. Bullmastiff (German).
4. Bullmastiff (Portuguese).
5. Bullmastiff (español).

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Spanish Mastiff
España FCI 91 - Molossoid . Mountain

Spanish Mastiff

The Spanish Mastiff, He is regarded as the oldest Spanish race.

Content

History

The Spanish Mastiff (also called Leonese Mastiff) is a breed of dog trotting type of large size, originally from Spain where it was abundant in almost the entire country and today is in a particular way in León, Zamora, Asturias and Cantabria. One of its varieties is the Pyrenean Mastiff.

This is a very old dog and like the other broadcast, descends from the molosser of Tibet (Tibetan Mastiff) He came to Europe via Asia minor.

Theories about the breed maintain that at least four thousand years ago the shepherds who inhabited the peninsula already used them as livestock guard dogs..

The natural resources and climate of the Iberian Peninsula gave rise to transhumance, for which reason, for many centuries the Spanish Mastiff has played the role of protector of flocks, especially from herds of 'merino sheep' whose history is closely linked to that of this dog breed. In some places it is known as the 'merinero dog' because it accompanies the Merino sheep..

The Spanish Mastiff, He is regarded as the oldest Spanish race.

The transhumant wandered through the royal canyons of León, crossing the Iberian Peninsula from North to South., and the Spanish Mastiff went with them defending the cattle from the attack of the wolf, the dog in addition to with its imposing nature, He had the protection of his abundant jowls as well as carlancas or carranclas, they are a species of thick metal with spiky necklaces.

Videos of the Spanish Mastiff
SPANISH MASTIFF. A NOBLE RACE.
Mastin Spanish /Spanish mastiff puppies in kennel Tornado Erben

At the end of the 19th century with the gradual disappearance of the grazing and transhumance, the Spanish Mastiff became 'unnecessary', if we add to that the Spanish Civil War and its consequent period of scarcity and -also- the sharp decline in the number of wolves, as a result we have that this breed of dog was on the verge of extinction.

During that time many specimens of Spanish Mastiff were sacrificed, Some were emasculated and other so many purchased by enthusiasts that breeders, guided more by love of the race than by knowledge, start you a totally disorganized parenting.

After the debacle, fortunately, the recovery of the breed has been achieved though with great difficulty.

The first standard of the Spanish Mastiff was approved by the International Cinological Federation in the year 1946, based on the characteristics of three specimens from central Spain, These specimens were a light type, that still remained in the cattle farms and that were also used for hunting big game, they were of good size, with long legs and her weight was around the 50 kg.

In 1981 a new standard was approved whose main objective was to recover the much larger Mastiff that was used in transhumance livestock.

That same year (1981) was founded the Spanish Association of the Spanish Mastiff Dog (AEPME) as official club of the breed.

Physical characteristics

It is a dog of large size, braquicéfalo and mesomorfo. Well proportioned, very powerful and muscular. Big and heavy, with skeleton compact.

There are no exact size limits., but they must be harmonious, in the males expected a height that not is lower to 77 cm. the cross and in the females, not less to 72 cm.. Those are the bare minimum., but always expected greater height.

The head is significantly large, has a cráneo-hocico relationship of 6:4. If we look at the skull from the top is a square and uniform.

It has eyes small, almond-shaped and hazelnut or chestnut colour.

It has the ears triangular, median, flat and pendants. The legs are long, straight and fitted with good musculature.

The tail, inserted at medium altitude is very thick, flexible and wears it down, arriving at the height of the Hock.

Its the mantle This thick a thick hair hard, semilargo and smooth. The colors the most prized hair are uniforms (or solids), they may be dirty white, leonado, reddish, black, gray wolf, brown. Are also supported in the standard the atigrados, or white spotted robes.

Observations

As it's a race in recovery process, is very difficult to find perfect copies (that is to say, adjusted completely to the standard).

It is not a dog suitable for beginners, but it could be a very rewarding challenge for some enthusiast with the desire to breed a dog with a long history and gigantic potential like the Spanish Mastiff..

Character and skills

The Spanish Mastiff is a rustic dog, loving, tame, noble, very firm and self-confident.

It is generally quiet and affectionate, He is very loyal and devoted to their masters. It is-especially- suitable for children, for those who feel special attraction. As well, usually get along well with other dogs.

Essentially, is a calm and balanced guardian, but it can be very scary if they perceived danger to its owner and properties.

These dogs are very happy living in the open air, and especially given the opportunity for long and quiet walks, that will be necessary if we want our Mastiff to be happy and balanced.

Observations

As we mentioned in the “History” section, the vicissitudes of the recovery of the race has led to chaos at the beginning of it..., and all that lack of control in the breeding, It has had a direct effect on the character of dog, it is for this reason that today we can find too aggressive specimens, and other, maybe more shy.

Fortunately, the great work which is carrying out the Spanish Association of the Spanish Mastiff Dog, focused on selection in breeding is very hopeful since good results are being obtained, and over time the problem will be eliminated.

Images of the Spanish Mastiff

Videos of the Spanish Mastiff

Type and recognitions:

  • FCI CLASSIFICATION:
  • Group :
  • Section : . .

Federations:

  • FCI – Pinscher and Schnauzer-Molossoid type dogs – Swiss Mountain Dogs and Cattledogs. Section 2.2 Molossoid, mountain type.
  • AKC – FSS
  • UKC – Watchdog

FCI breed standard "Spanish Mastiff"

Origin:
Spain

Date of publication of the valid original standard:
26.05.1982

Use:

Nursery and defense. This breed is closely linked to transhumance and especially to merino cattle., whom he accompanied already in times of the Mesta, defending you from the wolf and other predators throughout all your movements and places, grass shelves in different seasons and location zones. Currently accompanies numerous herds, both shelves and transhumants, performing its ancestral function. It also performs the function of guard and defense of farms, people and properties in general.



General appearance:

It is a dog of large size, hypermetric and of medium proportions. Sublongilinear structure. Well proportioned, very powerful and muscular. compact skeleton. Large head and body with semi-long hair. Proportionality and functional harmony must be sought, both static and moving. His bark is hoarse, serious and deep, of great intensity, perceiving yourself at a considerable distance.

IMPORTANT PROPORTIONS: Body length greater than the height at the withers. The ratio of the length of the skull to that of the muzzle should be 3/2



Behavior / temperament:

It is a very intelligent dog, not devoid of beauty; his expression shows both qualities.

Rustic, loving, meek and noble, turns out to be a very firm dog against vermin and strangers, especially when he is defending farms or cattle. In its behavior you can see that it is a self-confident dog., metering of his forces for being aware of his enormous power.

Head:

As a whole: Grand, strong and broad-stem pyramidal. The skull-muzzle set, seen from above, must be square and uniform, and without a very marked diminution between the base of the snout and the temples. Moderately divergent craniofacial lines.

Cranial region:
  • Skull : Width, strong, sub-convex profile. The width of the skull must be equal to or greater than its length. Accentuated frontal sinuses. Marked occipital Crest.
  • Depression links (Stop): Soft, little sharp.

facial region:

  • Truffle: black, wet, big and wide.
  • Snout: Straight profile. Seen from above it appears moderately rectangular, gradually decreasing towards the truffle, maintaining a conspicuous width. In no case pointed.
  • Lips: The upper one should widely cover the lower one ; the lower one with detached mucosa forms a very loose lip corner. The mucous membranes must be black.
  • Jaws / Teeth: Scissor bite. White teeth, strong and healthy. Big fangs, sharp and forming good prey. Strong and powerful molars. Rather small incisors. All premolars exist. Black palate, with very marked ridges.
  • Eyes: Small in relation to the skull, preferably dark, Hazelnut coloured, watchful eye, noble, sweet and smart, of great severity before a stranger. Thick-skinned eyelids, Pigmented in black. The lower eyelid reveals part of the conjunctiva.
  • Ears: Mediums and falls, form triangular, plan, inserted above the eye line. At rest they droop and stick to the cheeks, without being too attached to the skull. At attention separated from the face and partially erect in its superior-posterior third. They should not be amputated.

Neck:

Truncated cone, width, strong, muscled, flexible. Thick and detached skin. Widely developed double chin.

Body:

  • As a whole: Rectangular. Strong and robust, denoting great power, but flexible and agile.
  • top line: Straight, horizontal, even on the move. Cross: Well marked.
  • Back: Powerful, musculada.
  • Pork loin: Long, wide and powerful, narrows as it reaches the ijar.
  • Rump: Wide and strong. Its inclination is about 45° in relation to the horizontal.. Elevation to the rump equal to the elevation to the cross.
  • Breast : Width, deep, muscular and powerful. The tip of the sternum marked. Ribs with wide intercostal spaces and rounded, not flat. The ratio of height at the withers/minimum thoracic perimeter should be approximately 1/3.
  • Belly and flanks: Very moderately tucked up belly; the flanks lowered and the flanks very wide.

Tail:

  • As a whole: Rectangular. Strong and robust, denoting great power, but flexible and agile.
  • top line: Straight, horizontal, even on the move. Cross: Well marked.
  • Back: Powerful, musculada.
  • Pork loin: Long, wide and powerful, narrows as it reaches the ijar.
  • Rump: Wide and strong. Its inclination is about 45° in relation to the horizontal.. Elevation to the rump equal to the elevation to the cross.
  • Breast : Width, deep, muscular and powerful. The tip of the sternum marked. Ribs with wide intercostal spaces and rounded, not flat. The ratio of height at the withers/minimum thoracic perimeter should be approximately 1/3.
  • Belly and flanks: Very moderately tucked up belly; the flanks lowered and the flanks very wide.


Tips

PREVIOUS MEMBERS:

  • As a whole: Perfectly Plumb, straight and parallel viewed from the front. The length of the forearm should be three times that of the metacarpus. Strong bones with powerful pasterns.
  • Back: Oblique, very muscular. Longer than the forearm. Scapulo-humeral angle close to 100°.
  • Arm: Strong, similar in length to the scapula.
  • Elbow: Well attached to the chest. Humero-radial angle close to 125°.
  • Forearm: Strong, perpendicular bone.
  • Metacarpus: Seen from the side with little inclination. It is practically in continuation of the forearm; bone fort.
  • Previous feet: Of cat. Tight toes. Strong phalanges, high and well arched. Robust and hard nails and pads. Moderate interdigital membrane with hair.

LATER MEMBERS:

  • As a whole: Powerful, muscular. Seen from the side suitable angulations in the form of wide articular angles. Correct poise, seen from behind and in profile. Hocks without deviations. They must be able to easily propel the dog, strength and elegance.
  • Thigh: Strong and muscular. Coxo-femoral angle close to 100°.
  • Knee: Femoro-tibial angle close to 120° Leg: Long, muscular and strong bone. Hock: Open angle, close to 130°.
  • Metatarsus: Well marked, with clear appreciation of the tendon. Presence or not of spurs that can be single or double, admitting your amputation.
  • Hind feet: Of cat. Slightly oval.

Movement:

The preferred way is the trot, it must be harmonious, powerful with no tendency to laterality. Without ambience.

Mantle

  • SKIN: Elastic, thick, abundant and pinkish, with darker pigmentations. All mucous membranes must be black.
  • Fur: Bushy, thick, semilargo, smooth, scattered throughout the body to interdigital spaces.

Two types of hair are distinguished, one of coverage on the back and another of protection on the ribs and flanks. Shorter on the limbs and longer and silkier on the tail.

  • Color: Indeterminate, uniform colors are most appreciated, yellow, leonados, red, blacks, cubs and fawns. Combined colors are also appreciated, p. e.g.. atigrados, peaks and ties.


Size and weight:

There are no maximum size limits, being appreciated within harmonious proportions, the largest specimens.

Height to the cross: Minimum limits:

  • Male 77cm
  • females 72 cm..

These lifts of wishes are largely overcome, being convenient to pass the males 80 cm and females 75 cm..



Fouls:

  • Males should have two normal-appearing testicles fully descended into the scrotum..
  • Only functionally and clinically healthy dogs, with the typical conformation of the breed, should be used for parenting.

Any deviation from the aforementioned criteria is considered as a fault and the severity of this is considered to the degree of the deviation to the standard and its consequences on the health and well-being of the dog..

MINOR FAULTS

  • Carried muzzle profiles, without excess.
  • Bite in clamp; absence of any premolar.
  • Weak dorso-lumbar line, distorted and undulating during the march.
  • Metacarpus, metatarsals and weak feet, not in excess.
  • Shyness, not overly accented.

SERIOUS FAULTS:

  • Exaggerated fragile or lymphatic appearance.
  • Pointed snout.
  • Moderate upper prognathism.
  • Absence of several premolars or canines if not due to trauma.
  • Excessive entropy or ectropion.
  • Ear amputation.
  • Tail resting on the rump.
  • Saddled dorso-lumbar line.
  • Height at the rump significantly higher than the height at the withers.
  • Tail docking.
  • Wrong limbs: weak or deviant.
  • Cow hocks, during the march or in station.
  • Lateral braceos during operation.
  • Wavy hair, curly or excessively long.
  • Unbalanced character, excessive shyness, cowardice or exaggerated aggressiveness.

FALTAS DESCALIFICANTES:

  • Aggressiveness or extreme shyness.
  • Any dog ​​showing clear signs of physical or behavioral abnormalities must be disqualified..
  • Aggressive or fearful dog.
  • Light eyes accompanied by truffle or depigmented mucosa.
  • Split nose.
  • Any degree of lower prognathism; excessive upper prognathism.
  • light eyes.


N.B.:
  • Males should have two normal-appearing testicles fully descended into the scrotum..
  • Only functionally and clinically healthy dogs, with the typical conformation of the breed, should be used for parenting.

Source: F.C.I - International Cynological Federation

Alternative names:

1. Spanish mastiff, Mastín español de campo y trabajo, Mastín ganadero, Mastín Leonés, Mastín Extremeño (English).
2. Mastin Leones (French).
3. Spanischer Mastiff, Mastín aus León (mastín leonés), Mastín der Extremadura (mastín extremeño), Mastín der Mancha (mastín manchego) (German).
4. Mastín español (Portuguese).
5. Mastín Leonés, mastín español de campo y trabajo, mastín ganadero (español).

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Broholmer
Dinamarca FCI 315 - Molossoid - Dogo

Broholmer

The Broholmer It was used as a watchdog for large farms and feudal lands.

Content

History

The Broholmer it's interesting, partly because it is a very old breed of dog whose ancestry in the Danish royal house dates back to the time of Frederick II and Christian IV. King James I of Scotland reportedly, in relation to his marriage to the daughter of Frederick II in 1589, graced the Danish court with some magnificent mastiff-type dogs. These English dogs were mated with the dogs that Frederick II already had. The type of dog was named "The Great Dane" since the Viking Age., that is to say, a few 400 years before Frederick II.

We begin our historical review around 1850 at the Renaissance castle of Broen Broenne in Gudme. This is where the chamberlain Niels Frederik Bernhard Sehested (1813-1882) decided to reinstate and re-breed the old Danish dog, since the breed was about to become extinct at this time.

To promote dog breeding, ordered to raise puppies to ten people in the country. But, there was a condition that one should promise to continue breeding. In this way, the dog became widely used and became a very common and prized dog.

An old newspaper said: The Broholmer it has become an ordinary dog ​​in Denmark and especially on the streets of Copenhagen.

The Broholmer also had its importance among royalty. King Frederick VII and Countess Danner had several broholmers. Both the king and the countess appreciated the breeder and were represented with their dogs on numerous occasions..

Unfortunately, early twentieth century, this breed lost a lot of ground. Dog disease, epidemics and inbreeding problems killed many dogs. After that, the tracks of these adorable dogs almost disappeared, until in 1974 The alarm rang.

The Danish Kennel Club began a national search for broholmers, and he found some dogs similar to broholmers, so that a real breeding job can be started.

Although only a few dogs were found, managed to start a breeding job. The result of this work are the dogs that exist today in Denmark, whose owners are recommended to be members of the Broholmerselskabet.

Since 1974, a breeding committee under the Danish Kennel Club has been responsible for the breeder's breeding planning. In 1996, el Broholmerselskabet, in collaboration with the Danish Kennel Club, obtained a valid cooperation agreement from the 1 in January of 1997, which meant that the members and dogs of the Broholmerselskabet were on their way to becoming a formal part of the Danish dog job. The cooperation agreement with DKK fulfilled the wishes of its members expressed at member meetings across the country in 1995. The race was on the way to recognition.

The Broholmer has been recognized as a Danish national breed and has been granted international approval, the FCI pedigree, so breed approved dogs can now be showcased at DKK shows. This means that it can display broholmers on par with other breeds of dogs. This has now resulted in the fact that several broholmers have already received the title of Danish Champion and International Champion..

The Broholmer it has also been internationally approved, meaning puppies can be sold to foreign stakeholders.

Many breeds of dogs changed their appearance in the years around the last century and had to bow to various models., which in some cases caused problems that they then had to deal with. The Broholmer has not been the subject of any fashion illusion of any kind. The standard is, with some changes, the same one that Sehested wrote.

Curiosities

After the reconstruction of the race, the black color was difficult to recover, but at present it breeds without problems.

Physical characteristics

Large dog that can be inscribed in a rectangle; his walks are regular and energetic. The exterior appearance is dominated by a powerful front axle. The head is broad and solid. The neck is strong and has some folds (Spada). The chest is wide and well formed. At rest, his head is very low, leaning towards the ground. If the dog is attentive or excited, raises its head and tail rises above the horizontal. The eyes are round, not too big: color ranges from light amber to dark amber. His expression shows security. The ears, medium size inserted high, fall on the cheeks. At rest, the tail falls in the shape of a saber; on the other hand, when the dog is active it takes it higher, but without reaching the back.

  • Fur: short, with quite thick undercoat.
  • Color: leonado with black mask, golden red or black.
  • Size: males, 75 cm.; females, 70 cm..

Character and skills

The Broholmer he is a very kind and devoted dog. He is very receptive and just wants to make his owner happy. He is a watchful dog and will have a lump in his throat when there are strangers at the door. Act slowly and confidently. The Broholmer It is an excellent family dog ​​that, because of his kind mind, must be treated very carefully.

How much exercise does a Broholmer require?

Because the Broholmer is a big dog, it's important to keep it running. Hours of walking every day are not required, but the dog is always happy to go outside and exercise its muscles.

How to best activate a Broholmer besides walks?

The Broholmer it is a robust and strong dog that is very suitable for pulling. You can make your Broholmer successfully pull a cart or sled. Due to his kind mind, show a lot of affection with the people in their environment. There are examples of Broholmer that are rescue dogs, tracking dogs, shooting, etc.

Is there skin care or the like to pay attention to?

Skin care is minimal. A brush trip once a month is enough. In the molting season it can shed a lot of hair.

Tips for People Considering Buying a Broholmer

As an adult, the Broholmer have a medium level of activity, but the young dog has much more energy, that you; therefore, you must take into account its large size before deciding to purchase a Broholmer. We are talking about a puppy of 40 – 60 kg, who wants to explore the world. The dog must be respected for his great kindness and, therefore, develops best in homes where there is mutual respect between home and dog.

The Broholmer it is for you that …

You want a devoted dog, solid and calm

You want a family dog ​​that you can feel comfortable with

You want a dog that has a good temperament

Images Broholmer

broholmer videos

Type and recognitions:

  • FCI CLASSIFICATION:
  • Group :
  • Section : . .

Federations:

FCI , AKC (The AKC does not have an official breed standard; currently uses the FCI standard) , UKC

FCI breed standard Broholmer

FCIFCI - Broholmer
Broholmer

Alternative names:

1. Danish Broholmer, Danish Mastiff (English).
2. Broholmer (French).
3. Broholmer (German).
4. Mastiff dinamarquês (Portuguese).
5. Mastín Danés (español).

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English mastiff
Inglaterra FCI 264 - Molosoids – Doge

Mastín Inglés

The English mastiff He is extremely loyal and faithful to his family.

Content

History

The English mastiff It is a breed of dog of large size type trotting and English origin.

The history of this dog goes back to the year 55 to. c., time when the legions invaded Great Britain and to his surprise had to face an enemy that had two curious assistants, two dogs with striking characteristics.

One of them was strong and robust both body and members, with a large head and a short but powerful jaw.

That dog is possibly the ancestor of the Bulldog, and part of the current Bullmastiff.

The other dog had dimensions that were scary, looked more like a lion than a dog. This specimen was a direct descendant of the Mastiffs 'Asiriobabilonians' who had traveled to England by the Phoenicians five centuries before the Roman invasion.

Before this beanpole, the 'molossians of Epirus' which the Romans brought with them as their war dogs, they looked like Chihuahuas...

So once conquered 'Britain', the Romans, they expanded his army with several copies of those giant and fearful dogs who called "Pugnaces Britannici" and they used them, mainly in typical shows of the time...

They faced these dogs with huge wild beasts in the arenas of circuses, there they participated in bloody fights against bulls, bears and other dogs. As well, they were used as guardians of herds, bodyguard, protectors and companions.

The English Mastiff or Mastiff, is descended directly from those dogs.

A Mastiff arrived in America aboard the Mayflower, name of the ship that transported the so-called "Pilgrims" from England (United Kingdom), to the coast of what is today the United States of America, in the year 1620.

They were the first settlers, in settling on the coast of Massachusetts, forming the Plymouth Colony, and with them the English Mastiff.

There is documentary evidence that the English Mastiff first arrived in America on the Mayflower., but the standardization of the breed in United States did not occur until the end of the 19th century.

By the end of the second world war, the mastiffs were almost extinct in England. But, with the flow of imports of United States and Canada, the breed resurfaced and today its existence is not in any danger in England and has gained much popularity in North America..

Physical characteristics

This is a race of powerful composition, burly, wide skull and the head usually has a square appearance.

Of size It must be very large and give the impression of power and strength, viewed from any angle. The body must be massive with great width and depth, especially between the Forelegs, cause these are well separated. While no height or weight have been specified for this race, the approximate height of 70 to 80 cm and the weight of 80 kg to 90 kg.

His hair is short and glued to the body and color may vary, while its snout, ears and nose, around the eyes is always black.

This is a particularly large dog that requires a correct diet and exercise. Normally live in 10 to 12 years.

Different colors are possible, for example, sand color, striped, brown or gray. Unfortunately the human tends to extremes and the mastiff was not spared from this.. So it has been raised bigger and heavier in recent decades.. His head has become increasingly massive and many folds have also been made. Giants could no longer reproduce naturally, they could no longer walk properly, his life expectancy was dramatically reduced.

Character and skills

Videos of the English Mastiff
Handsome English Mastiff
English Mastiff Samson Snaps Tree Branch!Lightbox for Video by VideoLightBox.com v1.11

The Mastiff breed is a combination of greatness, dignity, and bravery; calm and affectionate towards his owner, but capable of protecting.

He is a well-mannered dog but you need enough field to stretch his long body. It is an extremely loyal breed and, Although it shows no excessively, It is true to his family and is very good with children.

But, It can be very jealous for the protection of owners and should be handled sensibly, as it is exceptionally powerful and can be difficult to control.

Seeks proximity to its humans. It is a reliable protector for them. In case of acute threat to your humans, will try to keep danger away from them by facing the attacker with his body, but it won't attack him anymore. His calm and serene temperament makes him a loyal and child-friendly companion, who forgives everything. It gets along very well with other pets.

English Mastiff Education

Keep in mind that in an adult mastiff the leash is only symbolically a control. The mastiff easily has the power to maneuver the other end of the line at will.. But you don't want to do it, at least if you have enjoyed the basics of a good education. The Mastiff is very easy to train. Only their stubbornness has to be broken here and here a consistent softness is needed.. He wants to follow his master and caretaker and he does it very reliably. It is an elementary duty of the owner of a Mastiff to pay attention to a consequent education already in the puppy. This alone and not the strap makes wonderful walks in nature possible, that together with this four-legged friend become a balm for the soul of agitated people.

Care and health English Mastiff

Caring for a healthy mastiff is not problematic. Brushing the coat once a week is enough.

Typical diseases

Gigantism with copies of more than 90 kg, sometimes up to 120 kg, unbalances the entire natural dog building plan. Serious gait damage is just one consequence, and life expectancy is also greatly reduced. Bad habit of strong folding of the head and body often leads to chronic inflammations. As in most large dogs, we see hip or elbow dysplasia. Eye and heart disease can occur more frequently with mastiffs – the rule is always: the more serious, the greater the risk.

Nutrition / Food

You need a lot of high quality food. Especially in the growth phase you need a professional nutrition plan. It is helpful to have a feeding bowl in a high position to counteract the risk of stomach twisting. You should always pay close attention to their weight.

Characteristics "English mastiff"

Coexistence is important that you have with your new friend. Before considering the acquisition of a dog of the breed "English mastiff" you know certain factors. Not all breeds of dogs are apt to live in an apartment, you must take into account his character, their need for exercise, their interaction with other pets, their care and if you have small children, their level of tolerance towards them.

The life expectancy of the English Mastiff

Breeding errors, especially the tendency to gigantism, they have cost this dog, once extremely robust, many years of his life expectancy. Before they were 12, Today are 7 – 9 years.

Buy an English Mastiff

Buying a mastiff should be long-term and well-considered. You should carefully check if you have all the requirements to be able to spend many wonderful years with this giant.. If you are looking for a puppy, you must pay special attention that the dogs are not too massive. One should wonder about ancestors, its appearance, their illnesses, your age. Also to get a Mastiff with a stable character, you should just look directly at a serious breeder. For animal welfare reasons one should refrain from buying puppies from parents of more than 90 kg. Very occasionally there is also a mastiff in the animal shelter. Puppies raised in serious conditions cost around 2000 EUR.

Characteristics "English mastiff"

Adaptation ⓘ

5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

friendly dog ​​ⓘ

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

hair loss ⓘ

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Affection level ⓘ

5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Need for exercise ⓘ

2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Social need ⓘ

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Home ⓘ

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Toilet ⓘ

2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Friendly with strangers ⓘ

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

barking ⓘ

1,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Health ⓘ

4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Territorial ⓘ

5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Cat friendly ⓘ

5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Intelligence ⓘ

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Versatility ⓘ

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Child friendly ⓘ

5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Surveillance ⓘ

2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

joy ⓘ

5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Images «English Mastiff»

«English Mastiff» Videos

Type and recognitions:

  • FCI CLASSIFICATION:
  • Group :
  • Section : . .

Federations:

  • FCI – Pinscher and Schnauzer-Molossoid type dogs – Swiss Mountain Dogs and Cattledogs. Section 2.1 Molossoid, mastiff type.
  • AKC – Dogs working
  • ANKC – Group 6 (utility dogs)
  • CKC – Group 3 – Working dogs
  • ​KC – Working dogs
  • NZKC – Utility dog
  • UKC – Watchdog

FCI breed standard "English mastiff"

Origin:
United Kingdom

Date of publication of the valid original standard:
13.10.2010

Use:

Defense and guard dog.



General appearance:

View from any angle, the head, in its outline it appears well square. Width is a sought after characteristic and the width of the skull is equal to two thirds of the total length of the head.

The body, width, alto, long and strong build. The limbs are well apart and in aplomb. The musculature is clearly drawn.

The size ishighly desiredbut onlyif it is on par with the build qualityand the correction is not maintained at all. Height and substance are two important points if they are correctly combined. Grand, powerful, well built.

IMPORTANT PROPORTIONS: The length of the body from the tip of the shoulders to the tip of the ischium is greater than its height at the withers.



Behavior / temperament:

Combination of nobility and courage. Take it easy, affectionate with their owners, but good guardian.Usually indifferent to strangers, shyness is unacceptable.

Head:

---

Cranial region:
  • Skull: The skull is wide between the ears. The forehead is smooth but wrinkles when the dog is attentive.. Eyebrows (supra-orbital arches) are slightly raised. The temporalis and masseter muscles are well developed. The cross section of the skull describes an arch. From the middle area between the eyes, a depression can be traced through the center of the forehead and extends to the middle of the skull., following the sagittal axis.
  • Depression links (Stop): Stop between the eyes well marked but not abrupt.

facial region:

  • Truffle: black. The nose, seen from the front, it is wide offering wide open nostrils and a profile view, it's flat (It is neither pointed nor retracted.).
  • Snout: The snout is short, width between the eyes, remaining this wide to the end of the nose.

The muzzle is truncated, that is to say, cut into square, Its anterior surface forms a right angle with the upper line of the snout., having a great width from the upper anterior border to the lower jaw. The length of the muzzle is equal to one third of the total length of the head. Muzzle circumference, measured at the midpoint between the eyes and the nose, represents three fifths of the head, measured in front of the ears.When is at rest, any exaggeration of folds or excess skin is unacceptable in adult dogs.

  • Lips: The lips are divergent, forming an obtuse angle in relation to the nasal septum (Septum). They are slightly hanging to offer a square profile.
  • Jaws / Teeth: The lower jaw is wide to the end. Healthy canines, powerful and well separated.Level incisors (bite clamp, edge to edge) or lower projection in front of the upper ones (reverse scissor bite) but never so much that they are visible with the mouth closed.
  • Cheeks: Well-developed temporal masseter and cheek muscles.

Eyes: Moderate size, well separated. Hazel eyes, as dark as possible. The conjunctiva not visible.Highly undesirable are the loose eyelids. Free from obvious eye problems.

Ears: Small, fine to the touch, well separated from each other.

High on the sides of the skull, in the form of prolonging the transverse upper profile. At rest, are placed flat adjacent to the cheeks.

Neck:

Slightly arched profile, medium length, very muscular. Its circumference is less around2,5 to 5 cm.of the head, measure in front of the ears.

Body:

  • top line: Level.
  • Back: Wide and muscular.
  • Pork loin: Wide and muscular, flat and very wide in females, slightly arched in males.
  • Breast : Chest width, deep and well descended in the sternal region. Ribs well arched and well rounded. False ribs are long and well developed towards the back of the chest.
  • Bottom line and belly: Flanks heavily lowered.

Tail:

High implanted, descending to the hocks or a little lower. Wide at birth and tapering to the extreme. Hangs right at rest, but in action it forms a curve, the end straightens; but it is never carried on the back.

Tips

PREVIOUS MEMBERS:

  • General appearance: Balanced and in harmony with the hind limbs.
  • Shoulder: They are slightly oblique, powerful and very muscular.
  • Arm: Slightly inclined, heavy and muscular. Elbows: Elbows are on the axis of the body.
  • Forearm: Strong Member, rights placed well apart, big bones.
  • Metacarpus: They are poised.
  • Previous feet: Large, roundand tight. Well arched fingers. black nails.

LATER MEMBERS:

  • General appearance: Very wide and muscular.Strength in the hind limbs is of utmost importance, cow hock in adult dogs is unacceptable.
  • Legs: Well developed.
  • Metatarsals: Angled hocks, well separated and always in aplomb both in season and on the move.
  • Hind feet: Large, roundand tight. Well arched fingers. black nails.

Movement:

Powerful with easy limb extension. Push from the rear, fluid, Right, steps covering the surface. Top line stays level during movement. The tendency to pasuqueo is undesirable. Absolute correction is essential.

Mantle

Fur: Short and flat on the body.But rough on the neck and shoulders.

Color: Tawny, apricot, or striped. In all cases the muzzle, ears and nose should be blackand the eyes are surrounded by blackextending upward.Excessive white color on the body is unacceptable, chest or feet.



Size and weight:

----



Fouls:

Any deviation from the aforementioned criteria is considered as a fault and the severity of this is considered to the degree of the deviation to the standard and its consequences on the health and well-being of the dog..

FALTAS DESCALIFICANTES:

  • Aggressiveness or extreme shyness.
  • Any dog ​​showing clear signs of physical or behavioral abnormalities must be disqualified..


N.B.:
  • Males should have two normal-appearing testicles fully descended into the scrotum..
  • Only functionally and clinically healthy dogs, with the typical conformation of the breed, should be used for parenting.

The latest changes are in bold.

TRANSLATION: Brígida Nestler / Original version: (IN).

Technical supervision: Miguel Angel Martinez

Source: F.C.I - International Cynological Federation

Alternative names:

1. Mastiff, Old English Mastiff (English).
2. Old English Mastiff (French).
3. Old English Mastiff (German).
4. Mastiff inglês, Mastim inglês, Canis molossus, С. mastivus gladiator, Mastife inglês (Portuguese).
5. Old English Mastiff (español).

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Great Dane
Alemania FCI 235 - Molossoid - Dogo

It is an expensive dog, that he eats in proportion to his size and that when he is young he needs some care

Content

Characteristics "Great Dane"

Coexistence is important that you have with your new friend. Before considering the acquisition of a dog of the breed "Great Dane" you know certain factors. Not all breeds of dogs are apt to live in an apartment, you must take into account his character, their need for exercise, their interaction with other pets, their care and if you have small children, their level of tolerance towards them.

Adaptation ⓘ

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

friendly dog ​​ⓘ

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

hair loss ⓘ

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Affection level ⓘ

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Need for exercise ⓘ

2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Social need ⓘ

4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Home ⓘ

5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Toilet ⓘ

1,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Friendly with strangers ⓘ

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

barking ⓘ

2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Health ⓘ

4,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Territorial ⓘ

5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Cat friendly ⓘ

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Intelligence ⓘ

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Versatility ⓘ

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Child friendly ⓘ

3,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

Surveillance ⓘ

2,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

joy ⓘ

5,0 of 5 stars (based on 1 review)

History

The Great Dane is the oldest breed in modern dog breeding in Germany. Since then it is considered by many as the Apollo among dogs – after the greek deity. And in fact, the Great Dane it is a dog with a special charm and a unique and impressive charisma and elegance. The origin of this breed is only partially found in Germany. Already in the 16th century the Great Danes are said to have originated in England, as described in historical sources "crossing the mastiff with the Irish greyhounds". The name «Dogge», the old english word for dog, from which the current «Dog», also speaks of a British line of descent. But, this type of dog was already bred in ancient times and was depicted on stone tablets.

Also on the European continent, old bull teethers regularly mated with greyhounds and hunting dogs, since these results of the crosses were perfectly adapted to the great hunts of the boar nobility, bears and wolves. Little by little, a breed of its own with molossi developed., Greyhound and some hunting dog blood. In 1867 the viennese cynologist Leopold Fitzinger distinguished three variants of Great Dane: the common mastiff, english and danish. Even today the great danes They are called "Great Dane» in some languages. Modern analyzes by geneticists confirm the views of ancient cynologists about ancestors, and even assign them to greyhounds instead of molossians.

In 1888 the Club of the Great Dane In Berlin. It is the first and oldest pedigree dog breeding club in Germany.. The Great Dane modern should now become a representative companion and protector. It also, should be even more elegant. So the standard was adapted to these ideas. It was possible to achieve an extremely elegant and harmonious mix of these very different origins.. The Great Dane combines the elegance and speed of hounds with the power and carefreeness of the molossians.

Physical characteristics

The Great Dane it is an extremely large and powerful dog but at the same time very elegant and sensitive. A male dog reaches a height at the cross of 80 cm., often even more. Bitches are slightly smaller. The Great Dane has a unique charisma. The animal painter and dog connoisseur Richard Strebel already betrayed 1914 to the breeders of the Great Dane, the: «… they have created a dog that can be considered without exaggeration as the most successful in size, proportion, strength and elegant movement never created in dogs." Unfortunately, this respect is not always shown in breeding Great Dane. Regardless of your health, are used for extreme breeding, the so-called gigantism, as well as for games with defective genes for rare coat colors; genes that can also cause serious illness.

While around 1900 the height at the withers for males was 76 – 80 cm., The FCI standard valid today says “at least 80 cm» without any clear upper limit. This allows the Great Dane reach the dubious honor of the world's largest dog. According to the Guinness Book of Records, this was the male Great Dane «Gibson» con 108 height cm. That was in August 2004. Gibson still reached an age of almost 7 years, but the last years only in 3 legs. His record was expanded more and more.

«Zeus» the Michigan/EE.UU. reached a height of 112 cm and died with just 5 years, supposedly already in old age – Dubious records at the expense of dog welfare. The Great Dane it's impressive enough even without those dubious extremes. Its sovereign and elegant appearance is also highlighted by its silky coat. It is a very short coat, which is close to the muscular body with a slight shine. Colors are yellow or black, blue, tabby or stained.

  • Fur: Satin.
  • Color:
  • – Tawny: yellow golden colour with black mask. The eyebrows and edges of the eyes must be black, While the ears and the tail may be clearer.
    – Striped: Fawn and black in a striped pattern.
    – Blue: Dark steel grey, allowing white markings on chest and legs.
    – Negro: Jet Black pure, allowing white markings on chest and legs.
    – Harlequin: White with black patches. The Great Dane is the only breed to display this color pattern on its coat..

  • Size: the minimum height for males is 80 cm and for the females of 72 cm.

Character

The Great Dane is often described as a gentle giant, but it is naturally protective when the situation requires it. He is loving and loves people, and those qualities should never be perverted by encouraging aggressive behavior.

In terms of character and size the Great Dane a dog is not for beginners. Belongs exclusively to the hands of experienced dog owners, who can and want to be fully involved with the animal. So there is no more inspiring companion than this dog. El Canciller del Reich Otto von Bismarck, who was accompanied by great Danes all his life, he openly admired the intelligence and abilities of his great danes and is said to have said: «I have great respect for my dog's knowledge of human nature – "He is faster and more complete than me."

Great Danes love children, but they must learn to be nice to them. And a blow from that wagging tail will knock a little boy down, so it's important to monitor their interactions. These large dogs can also learn to get along with other pets., especially when raised with them.

A fenced yard is necessary to prevent the Great Dane go for a walk alone. Not usually a jumper, so a six foot fence should be enough to keep it contained. Note that while adult Great Danes are quite calm, puppies are very active and enjoy digging in gardens..

You might think that the Great Dane it is more suitable for outdoor life due to its huge size, but it's just the opposite. Should be an indoor dog that is part of the family. When that's the case, the Great Dane is loving, learns well and is easily trained. Left to his own fate, the amount of destruction it can do to your home and garden is beyond imagination.

any dog, no matter how pleasant it, detestable levels can develop barking, excavation, counter-browsing and other undesirable behaviors if you are bored, untrained or unsupervised. And any dog ​​can be a test that live during adolescence. In the case of the Great Dane, The "adolescence" years can begin at six months and continue until the dog is about two years old.

Start training your puppy the day you bring him home. Even at eight weeks old, He is able to absorb everything you can teach you. Don't wait until you are six months old to start training or you will have to deal with a stubborn dog. If possible, Take it to a trainer when you have between 10 and 12 weeks, and socializes, socialice, socialice. But, Note that many kinds of training puppies require certain vaccinations (such as kennel cough) stay up to date, and many veterinarians recommend limited exposure to other dogs and public places until puppy vaccinations (including rabies, distemper and parvovirus) They are completed. Instead of formal training, You can start training your puppy to socialize at home and among family and friends until immunizations are completed in the puppy.

Talk to the breeder, Describe exactly what you want in a dog and ask for help choosing a puppy. Breeders see puppies daily and can make incredibly accurate recommendations once they know something about their lifestyle and personality.

The Great Dane perfect doesn't come fully formed out of the puppy box. It is a product of his background and upbringing. Look for one whose parents have good personalities and who have been well socialized since the puppy's young age.

Great Dane fitness

The maintenance of Great Dane it is very complex and expensive. Food in the required quality and quantity, possible veterinary and drug costs, direct and indirect transportation costs and more require a financially wealthy owner. Yes a Great Dane wants to sit on the couch, you need all the two-seater, at least. Furniture made of solid faux leather has proven its worth here. The Great Dane should not be kept in a small apartment, Better is a house with a garden. The ideal would be to live in a rural area. Hectic urban centers are not the place where these big dogs feel comfortable. Also dog and owner are often met with rejection and even open hostility here. This must be considered.

Scooby Doo

Fiction has made it one of the best-known dogs to the general public.. Scooby Doo character is a Great Dane.

The Great Dane it is a big dog that wants to have a lot of movement. But, he is hardly ever seen on the street, although with 1.200 puppies a year ranks ninth on the VDH bestseller hit list (German Canine Federation), even before dog breeds like the Bernese Mountain Dog or the Chihuahua, they are seen much more often on the streets. Often these giants are only locked up once they are past their puppy age and - poorly socialized and educated.- can no longer be managed by the owner who is not familiar with dogs. The Great Dane not a kennel dog. He is basically a family dog ​​and wants and needs the loving connection with his human family. Is smart and responsive. One should not think about what to do if this big dog, at times of 90 kg, is sick and has to be loaded. So, buying a Great Dane must be carefully considered.

Great Dane Education

The Great Dane a dog is not for beginners. Its strength and potential danger require expert and loving socialization, education and guidance already in the puppies. It is sensitive and intelligent and does not forgive any mistakes of the owner so quickly. She likes to be guided and educated, but not by any means of coercion. Many normal dog training aids do not work with the Great Dane, simply because it is too strong. In case of doubt, even the strongest man will not wear the leash. Due to overexploitation and unilaterally oriented breeding selection towards outward appearances, today there are, although extremely rare, specimens with idiopathic aggressiveness, which then represent practically insoluble problems for an education.

Great Dane Health

Great Danes also suffer from a high incidence of cardiomyopathy, a disease of the heart muscle that causes the heart to enlarge. This is very common in many giant dogs, and when it occurs late in life, can often be controlled with medication. Have your dog's heart checked at least once a year, and that any unusual murmurs or symptoms be investigated by a board-certified veterinary cardiologist. This condition can also be genetic., but currently available tests can only rule out the dog at the moment; a dog could shed one day and develop heart disease the next.

Great Danes can also suffer from hip dysplasia, a crippling malformation of the hip socket that may require expensive surgery to repair and can result in painful arthritis later in life. Another genetic problem with an imperfect screening test, The best prevention for hip dysplasia at this time is to buy only a puppy whose parents have been tested with normal hips and who have very few close relatives with the disease.. Keep your dog slim, especially when young, can also help.

Another painful bone disease is hypertrophic osteodystrophy., that occurs during the puppy's rapid growth phase. Ask Your Vet About Large Breed Puppy Foods. These diets are formulated to help puppies grow slowly., which can help prevent developmental orthopedic problems.

Cancer is another major cause of death in the Great Dane, especially bone cancer. They are also prone to other skeletal problems, visual and neurological, both older and younger.
Not all of these conditions are detectable on a growing puppy, and it is impossible to predict if an animal will be free of these diseases, so you need to find a reputable breeder who is committed to raising the healthiest animals possible. Must be able to produce independent certification that the dog's parents (and grandparents, etc.) have been examined for common defects and considered healthy for breeding. That's where health records come in..

Careful breeders screen their breeding dogs for genetic diseases and breed only the healthiest, best-looking specimens., but sometimes mother nature has other ideas and a puppy develops one of these diseases despite good husbandry practices. Advances in veterinary medicine mean that in most cases dogs can still live a good life. If you are going to have a puppy, ask the breeder about the ages of the dogs in their lines and what they died of.

Remember that after you have welcomed a new puppy into your home, has the power to protect you from one of the most common health problems: the obesity. Keep a Great Dane with a proper weight is one of the easiest ways to prolong your life. Make the most of your preventive skills to help ensure a healthier dog for life.

Great Dane care

The Great Dane has a short coat, thick and smooth. Falls moderately, in other words, more than you might think, but it requires little cleaning. Brush into Danish weekly with a rubber glove or soft bristle brush to keep hair and skin healthy. In spring and autumn, will have a heavy shed, known as "blowing" the coat and will need to be brushed more frequently during that time to get rid of all the loose hair.

Bathe Danish as you like or only when it gets dirty. With the gentle dog shampoos available now, you can bathe a dane weekly if you want without damaging his coat.

The rest is basic care. Cut your toenails every few weeks. Long nails can catch on things and tear off. That is so painful, and bleed much. Brush your teeth frequently for good dental health. To prevent ear infections, keep ears dry and clean, using a cleaning solution recommended by your vet.

Nutrition / Food

The Great Dane consume large amounts of food. At the same time, this food must be of a very high quality and must be selectively composed during the growth phase, which lasts up to two years. When it comes to eating, sometimes it is very rustic. Certainly not all, but some Great Danes don't have the best "table manners". So it may occasionally happen that the dog, as well as the feeding place should be cleaned after eating. How to minimize the risk of stomach torsion in this predisposed breed through proper feeding management is very important.

Life expectancy

Life expectancy Great Dane has increased slightly from the extremely low level of 2004 with 6 years and 6 months to 7 years, according to British Kennel Club statistics. As a general rule: the bigger and more unusual the coat color, less will be the life expectancy. Already at the age of 8 years a Great Dane he's officially considered an old man nowadays. Without gigantism and healthy breeding it could have a life expectancy of 10 to 12 years.

Buy a Great Dane

Only puppies from parents with a maximum height of 80 cm to the cross and have the colors yellow, striped, black, spotted. It also, Care must be taken to avoid inbreeding to get a puppy Great Dane healthy. One should know how old the ancestors of the puppies were. Those interested in dogs can find a Great Dane in one of the emergency initiatives for dogs and offer them a loving home. Maintaining Great Danes is very expensive. Acquisition costs can be negligible compared.

Images "Great Dane"

Photos:

1 – Little Great Dane of 5 months, color negro by Eacampbell14 / CC BY-SA
2 – 07 VICKY TRES MESES by https://flic.kr/ps/H4SaY
3 – Great Dane by https://www.pxfuel.com/es/free-photo-oqedh
4 – Great Dane by https://www.publicdomainpictures.net/es/view-image.php?image=34101&picture=great-dane-dog
5 – Great Dane Dog Close-up portrait of a Harlequin Great Dane dog by public domain
6 – Large size dog standing on woman wearing gray pullover hoodie on green open field at daytime by https://www.wallpaperflare.com/large-size-dog-standing-on-woman-wearing-gray-pullover-hoodie-on-green-open-field-at-daytime-wallpaper-zqizp

Videos "Great Dane"

Type and recognitions:

  • FCI CLASSIFICATION:
  • Group :
  • Section : . .

Federations:

  • FCI – Pinscher and Schnauzer-Molossoid type dogs – Swiss Mountain Dogs and Cattledogs. Section 2.1 Molossoid, mastiff type.
  • AKC – Working dogs
  • CKC
  • ​KC – Working dogs
  • NZKC – Non-Sporting
  • UKC – Watchdog

FCI breed standard "Great Dane"

Origin:
Denmark, France, Germany

Date of publication of the valid original standard:
08/10/2012

Use:

Guard and protection dog, service dog



General appearance:

The Great Dane brings together in its aristocratic general appearance a strong body structure combined with pride., strength and elegance. The substance together with its nobility and harmony in its appearance with the layout of its well-proportioned lines, an especially expressive head give the observer the image of a noble statue. It is neither too elegant nor gross. The difference between the sexes is clearly defined. It is the Apollo among the dog breeds.



PROPIMPORTANT ORTIONSIts structure is almost square, especially in males. Females may have a slightly longer body.



Behavior / temperament:

Friendly, love or and devoted to his master. In front of strangers it can be somewhat reserved. A companion dog is required, family, self-confident, not scary, easy to handle and educate with a high stimulation threshold, without being aggressive.

Head:

In harmony with its general appearance, elongated, close, significant but not wedge-shaped. Expressive, finely chiseled (especially in the area under the eyes). The distance from the tip of the nose to the stop and from the stop to the slightly marked occiput should be as much as possible. The top line of the muzzle and skull should definitely be parallel. Viewed from the front, the head should have a narrow appearance and the nose should be as wide as possible..

Cranial region:
  • Craging: Superciliary arches well developed but not protruding.
  • Ston: Clearly defined.

facial region:

  • Trufa: Well developed, wider than round (nostrils wide open). Must be black except for Great Dane spotted black and white. In these, a black truffle is desired and a truffle with black or flesh-colored spots is tolerated.. In blue dogs the truffle is the color of anthracite (diluted black).
  • Horcico: Deep and possibly rectangular. Not pointed or with too little or protruding edges. Well marked lip commissure. Dark pigmented bumps. Black and white spotted Great Dane should tolerate not fully pigmented or flesh-colored gills. The nasal bridge should never be concave, convex or descending forward.
  • Jaws/Teeth: Wide and well developed jaws. Scissor bite, strong, healthy and complete. (42 teeth according to dental formula). Lack of P1 of the lower jaw is tolerated. All deviations from a complete scissor bite are absolutely unwanted.
  • Cheeks: Cheek muscles only slightly marked and in no way protruding.
  • Ojors: Medium in size with a lively expression, Smart and friendly. Where possible dark, almond shaped with well attached eyelids. Their placement not too far apart nor should they be eyes of an elongated shape. Clear eyes are undesirable, stabbing and amber yellow eyes. Slightly clearer eyes are allowed in the Blue Great Dane. Black and white spotted Great Dane should tolerate light eyes or eyes of undefined color.
  • Obars: By nature pendants, high insertion, medium size with its front edge resting on the cheeks. They should not have an insert too high or too low or separated or flat on the sides.

Neck:

Long, dry, muscular. It should not be short or thick. Well developed insert, tapering slightly towards the head and its upper line arched. Postage raised, somewhat slanting forward but not forming a deer neck. Too much loose or double chin is unwanted.

Body:

  • Cruz: It is the highest point of a robust body. It is formed by the scapulae that go beyond the spinal process.
  • Dorrso: Short and firm, in an almost straight line with an imperceptible drop backwards. In no case ascending towards the posterior or too long.
  • Itmor: Slightly arched, width, good muscular.
  • Glikeness: Wide, with strong muscles, slightly falling from the sacrum to the insertion of the tail with which it merges impercepti- blebly. The rump should never fall abruptly or be completely flat..
  • Pecho: Reaches up to elbow joint. Well arched ribs extending backwards. Chest of good width and depth with a well developed chest without the sternum being too marked. Ribs should not be flat or barrel-shaped.
  • Línlower ea and abdomen: Belly retracted well towards the back, forming a moderate curved line with the lower portion of the thorax. It is not desired in females to keep a loose belly after pregnancy..

Tail:

Reaches up to the tibial-tarsal joint, should not be too long not too short. High and wide insert, it should not be too high or too low nor too thick. Tunes evenly towards the end. At rest it hangs down forming a natural curve. When excited or during movement a slight saber bearing but not in the form of a hook or ring and not considerably above the line of the back or to the sides. A brush-shaped glue is not desired.

Tips

PREVIOUS MEMBERS: Well angled with strong bones and musculature.

  • Hormbros: Strong musculature. Long and inclined scapula forming an angle of 100º to 110º with the arm.
  • Brazo: Strong and muscular, glued to the body, should be a little longer than the scapula.
  • Elbows: Without deviations, neither in nor out.
  • Antarm: Strong, muscular. Seen from the front or from the side completely straight with vertical stop.
  • Carpo: Strong, firm, very little difference from the structure of the forearm.
  • Metacarpus: Seen from the front, strong and straight. Profile, shows very slight forward lean.
  • Pinis previous: Round, well arched with fingers well together (Jack's foot). Short nails, strong, as dark as possible.

LATER MEMBERS: The entire skeleton is covered by strong muscles that make the rump, hips and thighs have a wide and round appearance. The hind limbs are well angulated and strong, seen from behind are parallel to the forelimbs.

  • Thighs: Long, wide and very muscular.
  • Rodinllas: Strong, positioned almost vertically below the hip joint.
  • PinErna: long, approximately the same length as the thighs. With developed musculature.
  • Atibio-tarsal articulation (Hock): Strong, stable, without deviations, neither outward nor inward.Metatarsus: Short, strong, almost perpendicular to the floor.
  • Pinis later: Round, well arched with fingers well together (Jack's foot). Short nails, strong, as dark as possible.

Movement:

Harmonious, agile, covering a lot of ground, slightly elastic. The limbs observed both in front and behind must move in parallel. Without taking short steps, no ambition step.

Mantle

PIEL: Footprint, well pigmented in dogs with solid colors. In the black and white spotted Great Dane the distribution of pigmentation corresponds mostly to the spots.

Plink: Very short, thick, smooth, flattened and shiny looking. It should never be rough, matte or double layer.

Colorr: The Great Dane is bred in three independent varieties: leonado and tabby, splashed and black, blue.

  • Leonado: Pale golden leonado to intense golden leonado. A black mask is never desirable., bluish fawn or a sooty fawn color. No white marks.
  • Ayougrado: Basic color pale gold fawn to deep gold fawn with regular, clearly drawn black stripes running in the direction of the ribs. A black mask is desirable. Never with discolored stripes. No white marks.
  • Arlequin(Whites with black splattered spots): Pure white base color, if possible, without any mottling, with jet black spots well distributed over the entire body, irregular in shape and with the appearance of being broken.. No gray areas are desired on the stains, blue or brownish as well as a gray-blue splash. The so-called “Grautiger” (have a mainly gray base color on black spots) occur, they are not wanted but they are not disqualified.
  • Negros: Azabach Black White markings on chest and feet are allowed. This includes the “Manteltiger” in which black covers the body in the form of a mantle and the snout., neck, chest, belly, Extremities and the tip of the tail can be white as well as Great Danes with a white base color and large black plates. (Record dogs). It is a defect a leonado color, brown or blue black.
  • Awithul: Dark steel blue color, indulging in white markings on chest and feet Never tawny or blackish blue.


Size and weight:

Alturto the cross:

  • Males: at least 80 cm not exceeding 90 cm.
  • females: at least 72 cm not exceeding 84 cm.


Fouls:

Any deviation from the aforementioned criteria is considered as a fault and the severity of this is considered to the degree of the deviation to the standard and its consequences on the health and well-being of the dog..

  • Cthey are not coming: Insufficient stop
  • Horcico: Rolled lips (lower lips squeezed between the incisors of the upper and lower jaw).
  • Jaws / Teeth: Irregular positioning of the incisors individually as long as the correct bite is maintained, teeth too small partial clamp bite.
  • Ojors: Protruding or placed too deep
  • Hormbros: Loose or overloaded with right shoulder blades
  • Elbows: loose
  • Antarm: Curved, protruding knuckles on the carpal joint
  • Carpo: Outstanding Significantly compromised or inclined.
  • Formertlater remities: angulation very open or very closed In the static cow hock, hocks together or crowded.
  • PinIt: Plans, open, Long Dewclaws.

FALTAS GRAVES:

  • Temperament: Diffidence, shy or nervous.
  • Cthey are not coming: Amanzanada, too marked cheek muscles
  • Ojors: Loose eyelids, conjunctiva too reddened
  • Dorrso: back sunken or soggy.
  • Glikeness: too inclined
  • Colto: inclined, thickened at the tip or tail amputated
  • Movement: Pasuqueo permanent

FALTAS DISQUALIFYING:

  • Aggressiveness or extreme shyness.
  • Any dog ​​showing clear signs of physical or behavioral abnormalities must be disqualified..
  • Temperament: Teether for fear, easily provoked
  • Trufa: liver colored truffle, party nose
  • Ectropión, entropion or macroblefarian Different color in solid color. Watery blue eyes.
  • Jaws / Teeth: Prognathic bite, enognathic the crossed mouth, bite clamp, absence of teeth except two P1 in the lower jaw.
  • Colto: Broken tail.
  • Colorr
    • Gran Danish Leonado and tabby: silver blue or isabella color, white star on the forehead, white collar around the neck, white feet or sockets and white tail tip.
    • Black and White Spotted Great Dane: white without any black spots (albinos) as well as deaf Danes, the so-called Porzellantiger (these mainly show blue spots, leonadas or atigradas). 
    • Gblue danish ran: white star on the forehead, white collar around the neck, white “dumps” or white tip of the tail.

Tby hand: Below minimum height.



N.B.:
  • Males should have two normal-appearing testicles fully descended into the scrotum..
  • Only functionally and clinically healthy dogs, with the typical conformation of the breed, should be used for parenting.

TRANSLATION: Mrs. Brígida Nestler.

Technical supervision: SR. Miguel Angel Martinez.

Source: F.C.I - International Cynological Federation

Alternative names:

1. Deutsche Dogge, German Mastiff, Boarhound, Apollo of Dogs, Gentle Giant (English).
2. Grand Danois (French).
3. Ulmer Dogge, Englische Dogge, Dänische Dogge, Hatzrüde, Saupacker, Große Dogge (German).
4. Grande dinamarquês, Alano tedesco (Portuguese).
5. Dogo alemán, Alano alemán (español).